U.S. patent application number 15/995152 was filed with the patent office on 2019-02-14 for sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge seismic mitigation and isolation bearing.
The applicant listed for this patent is Sichuan University. Invention is credited to Huaibang HAN, Fei LI, Song LI, Wenqiang LI, Yan LI, Renjie RAN, Qiang WANG, Yudong ZHAO.
Application Number | 20190048538 15/995152 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59991945 |
Filed Date | 2019-02-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20190048538 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LI; Wenqiang ; et
al. |
February 14, 2019 |
SLIDING GROOVE TYPE FRICTION PENDULUM HIGH-PIER BRIDGE SEISMIC
MITIGATION AND ISOLATION BEARING
Abstract
Disclosed are a sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier
bridge seismic mitigation and an isolation bearing. The bearing
includes an upper connecting steel plate, a lower connecting steel
plate, and a frictional sliding component clamped between the upper
connecting steel plate and the lower connecting steel plate. The
frictional sliding component includes an upper bearing plate, a
lower bearing plate, and a hyperbolic spheroid. The upper bearing
plate and the lower bearing plate are disposed on corresponding
connecting steel plates, and are mounted and cooperate by using a
plurality of parallel protrusions and grooves. The hyperbolic
spheroid is disposed between the upper bearing plate and the lower
bearing plate. A plurality of hysteretic damping components,
bearing positioning structures, butterfly-shaped spring components,
and bearing limiting structures are disposed on opposite surfaces
of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate in a
circumferential direction.
Inventors: |
LI; Wenqiang; (Chengdu,
CN) ; ZHAO; Yudong; (Chengdu, CN) ; LI;
Yan; (Chengdu, CN) ; LI; Fei; (Chengdu,
CN) ; HAN; Huaibang; (Chengdu, CN) ; LI;
Song; (Chengdu, CN) ; RAN; Renjie; (Chengdu,
CN) ; WANG; Qiang; (Chengdu, CN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Sichuan University |
Chengdu |
|
CN |
|
|
Family ID: |
59991945 |
Appl. No.: |
15/995152 |
Filed: |
June 1, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01D 19/042
20130101 |
International
Class: |
E01D 19/04 20060101
E01D019/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 14, 2017 |
CN |
201710690853.6 |
Claims
1. A sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge seismic
mitigation and isolation bearing, comprising: an upper connecting
steel plate (1), a lower connecting steel plate (5), and a
frictional sliding component clamped between the upper connecting
steel plate (1) and the lower connecting steel plate (5); wherein a
plurality of parallel protrusions are disposed on opposite surfaces
of the upper connecting steel plate (1) and the lower connecting
steel plate (5), and the protrusions on the upper connecting steel
plate (1) are vertical to the protrusions on the lower connecting
steel plate (5); the frictional sliding component comprises an
upper bearing plate (2), a lower bearing plate (4), and a
hyperbolic spheroid (7), the upper bearing plate (2) is disposed on
a lower surface of the upper connecting steel plate (1), the lower
bearing plate (4) is disposed on an upper surface of the lower
connecting steel plate (5), grooves matching corresponding
protrusions are provided on both the upper bearing plate (2) and
the lower bearing plate (4), and the hyperbolic spheroid (7) is
located between the upper bearing plate (2) and the lower bearing
plate (4) and cooperates with the upper bearing plate (2) and the
lower bearing plate (4) based on sliding of a spherical sliding
friction pair; and a plurality of hysteretic damping components
(3), a plurality of bearing positioning structures (6), a plurality
of butterfly-shaped spring components (8), and a plurality of
bearing limiting structures (9) are disposed on opposite surfaces
of the upper bearing plate (2) and the lower bearing plate (4) in a
circumferential direction.
2. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 1,
wherein the hysteretic damping component (3) comprises two
hysteretic dampers (31), the hysteretic damper (31) comprises a
U-shaped frame and an oblique frame, the U-shaped frame is located
in a horizontal plane, a slot bottom of the U-shaped frame is
fixedly connected to one end of the oblique frame, the oblique
frame is located in a vertical plane and disposed obliquely,
oblique frames of the two hysteretic dampers (31) overlap and clasp
each other, and slot openings of the U-shaped frames of the two
hysteretic dampers (31) are respectively located in an upper
position and a lower position.
3. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 2,
wherein the bearing positioning structure (6) comprises an upper
positioning block (61) and a lower positioning block (62), the
upper positioning block (61) is fixed on the upper bearing plate
(2), the lower positioning block (62) is fixed on the lower bearing
plate (4), slotted holes are provided in a horizontal direction in
middle positions in the upper positioning block (61) and the lower
positioning block (62), and a shearing bolt is disposed in the
slotted hole to connect the upper positioning block (61) and the
lower positioning block (62).
4. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 3,
wherein the butterfly-shaped spring component (8) comprises a
bushing (81), a butterfly-shaped spring (82), a mild steel core
(83), and a button-shaped snap ring (84), blind holes (86) are
provided on the opposite surfaces of both the upper bearing plate
(2) and the lower bearing plate (4), a bushing (81) matching the
blinding hole is disposed in each blind hole (86), a rear bearing
cushion (85) is disposed at a bottom of each blind hole (86), the
butterfly-shaped spring (82) is disposed between two bushings (81),
the mild steel core (83) is disposed in an axial direction in a
center of the butterfly-shaped spring (82), the button-shaped snap
ring (84) is disposed at a hole edge of the blind hole (86), one
end of the bushing (81) extends out of the blind hole (86), and the
button-shaped snap ring (84) is snapped onto the end of the bushing
(81).
5. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 4,
wherein the bearing limiting structure (9) comprises an external
limiting block (91) and an internal limiting block (92), the
external limiting block (91) is fixed on the upper bearing plate
(2), the internal limiting block (92) is fixed on the lower bearing
plate (4), the external limiting block (91) and the internal
limiting block (92) are snapped onto each other, and a gap exists
between the external limiting block (91) and the internal limiting
block (92).
6. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 1,
wherein the protrusions and the grooves have gaps in vertical and
horizontal directions thereof, sizes of the gaps are different, and
vertical gaps of the protrusions are greater than horizontal
gaps.
7. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 6,
wherein shapes of cross-sections of the protrusions on the upper
connecting steel plate (1) and the lower connecting steel plate (5)
in vertical planes are semi-circle arc shapes, semi-ellipse arc
shapes, semi-triangle shapes, semi-rectangle shapes, semi-polygon
shapes, or semi-non-polygon shapes.
8. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 1,
wherein the upper connecting steel plate (1) is connected to a
bridge by using an upper anchor pullout resistance component formed
by a plurality of pillars, the lower connecting steel plate (5) is
connected to a pier by using a lower anchor pullout resistance
component formed by a plurality of pillars, a shape of a bottom of
the anchor pullout resistance component is a pillar shape, and a
periphery of the pillar shape is a groove or inverted tooth
structure.
9. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 1,
wherein a quantity of the hysteretic damping components (3) is two,
a quantity of the bearing positioning structures (6) is two, a
quantity of the butterfly-shaped spring components (8) is two, and
a quantity of the bearing limiting structures (9) is two.
10. The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge
seismic mitigation and isolation bearing according to claim 1,
wherein the spherical friction pair comprises a spherical non-metal
sliding plate and a spherical stainless steel plate, and the
spherical non-metal sliding plate and the spherical stainless steel
sliding plate are combined into the spherical friction pair.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention pertains to the field of building and
bridge structure technologies, and specifically, to a sliding
groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge seismic mitigation
and isolation bearing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Earthquakes are sudden and devastating. Although an
earthquake usually lasts for dozens of seconds, it causes a
tremendous loss of life and property. This is unmatchable by other
natural disasters. Examples of earthquakes are a magnitude 8.0
earthquake in Wenchuan in 2008 and a magnitude 7.1 earthquake in
Yushu, Qinghai in 2010. Likewise, there are also records of similar
terrible seismic disasters abroad, for example, a magnitude 8.9
earthquake off the coast of Honshu, Japan in 2011 and a magnitude
8.8 earthquake in Bio Bio Province, Chile, in 2010. Although people
have made great progress in both seismic knowledge and engineering
seismic resistance over recent decades, earthquakes still have
caused horrible heavy losses and great casualties.
[0003] Bridge engineering is lifeline engineering. Seismic
disasters at home and abroad show that, damage or collapse of a
bridge in a seismic region not only hinders disaster relief actions
at the time, but also affects restoration and reconstruction of the
bridge after the disaster. A bridge bearing is an important
component that connects a superstructure and a substructure of a
bridge. The bridge bearing can reliably transfer stress,
deformation, displacement, and rotation of the superstructure of
the bridge to the substructure of the bridge. However, the bridge
bearing is also a weakest part in bridge seismic resistance.
Therefore, it is necessary to perform research and structural
innovation with respect to the bridge bearing, and in particular,
to a seismic mitigation and isolation bearing.
[0004] Currently, antiseismic apparatuses applied to engineering of
buildings and bridges mainly include a lead rubber bearing, a
polyurethane spring ball bearing, a planar frictional sliding
bearing, and the like. These bearings have their own advantages,
but still have some disadvantages in actual application processes.
The lead rubber bearing has poor durability and a low bearing
capacity, and may be aged easily. A rubber material becomes hard at
a low temperature, and becomes soft and consumes less energy at a
high temperature. In addition, lead in the lead rubber bearing may
cause environmental pollution or the like. The polyurethane spring
ball bearing has poor durability, and after yielding to external
force, has little displacement. The planar frictional sliding
bearing has poor pullout resistance or overturn resistance
performance, has no restoration capability, and therefore, when
applied, needs to cooperate with other types of bearings that have
restoration force. In addition, although conventional bearings have
seismic mitigation functions to some extent, few of the bearings
have a structure that ensures that a bridge, a bearing, and a pier
are always interconnected and prevents bridge falling during an
earthquake. Currently, a method for solving bridge falling during
an earthquake is to additionally configure an apparatus for
preventing bridge falling. However, this causes a series of
problems such as a huge structure and cost increase.
[0005] The present invention provides a sliding groove type
friction pendulum high-pier bridge seismic mitigation and isolation
bearing that is practical and perfect and can solve the foregoing
problem.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] Objectives of the present invention are to overcome
disadvantages of the prior art and provide a sliding groove type
friction pendulum high-pier bridge seismic mitigation and isolation
bearing. The bearing satisfies normal use of building and bridge
structures under normal working conditions. Under seismic working
conditions, the bearing depends on a seismic mitigation and
isolation apparatus formed by a hysteretic damping component, a
bearing positioning structure, a butterfly-shaped spring component,
and a bearing limiting structure. The bearing has seismic
mitigation and isolation functions of a conventional bearing. In
addition, the bearing is capable of preventing bridge falling, has
a strong horizontal anti-shearing capability, and has functions of
resetting and the like.
[0007] The objectives of the present invention are achieved by
using the following technical solutions: A sliding groove type
friction pendulum high-pier bridge seismic mitigation and isolation
bearing includes an upper connecting steel plate, a lower
connecting steel plate, and a frictional sliding component clamped
between the upper connecting steel plate and the lower connecting
steel plate, where
[0008] a plurality of parallel protrusions are disposed on opposite
surfaces of the upper connecting steel plate and the lower
connecting steel plate, and the protrusions on the upper connecting
steel plate are vertical to the protrusions on the lower connecting
steel plate;
[0009] the frictional sliding component includes an upper bearing
plate, a lower bearing plate, and a hyperbolic spheroid, the upper
bearing plate is disposed on a lower surface of the upper
connecting steel plate, the lower bearing plate is disposed on an
upper surface of the lower connecting steel plate, grooves matching
corresponding protrusions are provided on both the upper bearing
plate and the lower bearing plate, and the hyperbolic spheroid is
located between the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate
and cooperates with the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing
plate based on sliding of a spherical sliding friction pair;
and
[0010] a plurality of hysteretic damping components, a plurality of
bearing positioning structures, a plurality of butterfly-shaped
spring components, and a plurality of bearing limiting structures
are disposed on opposite surfaces of the upper bearing plate and
the lower bearing plate in a circumferential direction.
[0011] The hysteretic damping component includes two hysteretic
dampers, the hysteretic damper includes a U-shaped frame and an
oblique frame, the U-shaped frame is located in a horizontal plane,
a slot bottom of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to one end
of the oblique frame, the oblique frame is located in a vertical
plane and disposed obliquely, oblique frames of the two hysteretic
dampers overlap and clasp each other, and slot openings of the
U-shaped frames of the two hysteretic dampers are respectively
located in an upper position and a lower position.
[0012] The bearing positioning structure includes an upper
positioning block and a lower positioning block, the upper
positioning block is fixed on the upper bearing plate, the lower
positioning block is fixed on the lower bearing plate, slotted
holes are provided in a horizontal direction in middle positions in
the upper positioning block and the lower positioning block, and a
shearing bolt is disposed in the slotted holes to connect the upper
positioning block and the lower positioning block.
[0013] The butterfly-shaped spring component includes a bushing, a
butterfly-shaped spring, a mild steel core, and a button-shaped
snap ring, blind holes are provided on the opposite surfaces of
both the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate, a bushing
matching the blinding hole is disposed in each blind hole, a rear
bearing cushion is disposed at a bottom of each blind hole, the
butterfly-shaped spring is disposed between two bushings, the mild
steel core is disposed in an axial direction in a center of the
butterfly-shaped spring, the button-shaped snap ring is disposed at
a hole edge of the blind hole, one end of the bushing extends out
of the blind hole, and the button-shaped snap ring is snapped onto
the end of the bushing.
[0014] The bearing limiting structure includes an external limiting
block and an internal limiting block, the external limiting block
is fixed on the upper bearing plate, the internal limiting block is
fixed on the lower bearing plate, the external limiting block and
the internal limiting block are snapped onto each other, and a gap
exists between the external limiting block and the internal
limiting block.
[0015] The protrusions and the grooves have gaps in vertical and
horizontal directions thereof, sizes of the gaps are different, and
vertical gaps of the protrusions are greater than horizontal
gaps.
[0016] Shapes of cross-sections of the protrusions on the upper
connecting steel plate and the lower connecting steel plate in
vertical planes are semi-circle arc shapes, semi-ellipse arc
shapes, semi-triangle shapes, semi-rectangle shapes, semi-polygon
shapes, or semi-non-polygon shapes.
[0017] The upper connecting steel plate is connected to a bridge by
using an upper anchor pullout resistance component formed by a
plurality of pillars, the lower connecting steel plate is connected
to a pier by using a lower anchor pullout resistance component
formed by a plurality of pillars, a shape of a bottom of the anchor
pullout resistance component is a pillar shape, and a periphery of
the pillar shape is a groove or inverted tooth structure.
[0018] A quantity of the hysteretic damping components is two, a
quantity of the bearing positioning structures is two, a quantity
of the butterfly-shaped spring components is two, and a quantity of
the bearing limiting structures is two.
[0019] The spherical friction pair includes a spherical non-metal
sliding plate and a spherical stainless steel plate, and the
spherical non-metal sliding plate and the spherical stainless steel
sliding plate are combined into the spherical friction pair.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the
following advantages:
[0021] (1) Currently, research and design of various seismic
mitigation apparatuses are mainly based on seismic mitigation
purposes, and excessive relative displacement of a pier and a
bridge due to a long-term nonlinear effect of a high pier is not
considered in the design. The present invention uses a sliding
groove type structure to effectively solve a problem of a
cumulative effect caused by factors such as a temperature effect
cycle and braking force.
[0022] (2) In use of a conventional hyperbolic spheroid friction
pendulum bearing, a superstructure such as a bridge is subject to
great vertical displacement or rotational displacement, and this
has an extremely adverse impact on building and bridge structures
under seismic working conditions. The butterfly-shaped spring
component, hysteretic damping component, and bearing limiting
structure used in the present invention, depending on their
resilient restoration and hysteresis features during an earthquake,
help reduce excessive displacement and rotation angles, and can
absorb massive seismic energy. A seismic mitigation and isolation
effective is very good.
[0023] (3) A conventional bearing uses a limiting screw or an
anti-shearing bolt to limit a relative position of the bearing
under normal working conditions. However, under seismic working
conditions, after the anti-shearing bolt is cut off, the bearing
cannot be restored to a normal position after an earthquake even if
the earthquake is a low-magnitude earthquake. In the present
invention, both the butterfly-shaped spring component and the
hysteretic damping component can provide deformation and
restoration for the bearing under seismic working conditions. This
is of great significance for performance of the bearing in building
and bridge engineering.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present
invention;
[0025] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower end face
of an upper connecting steel plate;
[0026] FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper end
face of an upper bearing plate;
[0027] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower end face
of an upper bearing plate;
[0028] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper end
face of a lower bearing plate;
[0029] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of connections between a
butterfly-shaped spring component and an upper bearing plate and a
lower bearing plate; and
[0030] FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a hysteretic
damping component.
[0031] In the figures: 1--upper connecting steel plate, 2--upper
bearing plate, 3--hysteretic damping component, 31--hysteretic
damper, 4--lower bearing plate, 5--lower connecting steel plate,
6--bearing positioning structure, 61--upper positioning block,
62--lower positioning block, 7--hyperbolic spheroid,
8--butterfly-shaped spring component, 81--bushing,
82--butterfly-shaped spring, 83--mild steel core, 84--button-shaped
snap ring, 85--bearing cushion, 86--blind hole, 9--bearing limiting
structure, 91--external limiting block, and 92--internal limiting
block.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0032] The following further describes the present invention with
reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the protection
scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0033] As shown in FIG. 1, a sliding groove type friction pendulum
high-pier bridge seismic mitigation and isolation bearing includes
an upper connecting steel plate 1, a lower connecting steel plate
5, and a frictional sliding component clamped between the upper
connecting steel plate 1 and the lower connecting steel plate 5.
The sliding groove type friction pendulum high-pier bridge seismic
mitigation and isolation bearing further includes a hysteretic
damping component 3, a bearing positioning structure 6, a
butterfly-shaped spring component 8, and a bearing limiting
structure 9.
[0034] As shown in FIG. 2, a lower end face of the upper connecting
steel plate 1 includes several parallel protrusions, an upper end
face of the lower connecting steel plate 5 includes several
parallel protrusions, and the protrusions on the lower end face of
the upper connecting steel plate 1 and the upper end face of the
lower connecting steel plate 5 are disposed and staged by 90
degrees, that is, the protrusions on the lower surface of the upper
connecting steel plate 1 are vertical to the protrusions on the
upper surface of the lower connecting steel plate 5. Shapes of
cross-sections of the protrusions on the lower end face of the
upper connecting steel plate 1 and the upper end face of the lower
connecting steel plate 5 in vertical planes are semi-circle arc
shapes, or may be semi-ellipse arc shapes, semi-triangle shapes,
semi-rectangle shapes, semi-polygon shapes, or semi-non-polygon
shapes. The upper connecting steel plate 1 is connected to a bridge
by using an upper anchor pullout resistance component formed by a
plurality of pillars, the lower connecting steel plate 5 is
connected to a pier by using a lower anchor pullout resistance
component formed by a plurality of pillars, a shape of a bottom of
the anchor pullout resistance component is a pillar shape, and a
periphery of the pillar shape is a groove or inverted tooth
structure.
[0035] As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5, the frictional
sliding component includes an upper bearing plate 2, a lower
bearing plate 4, and a hyperbolic spheroid 7, the upper bearing
plate 2 is disposed on the lower surface of the upper connecting
steel plate 1, and the lower bearing plate 4 is disposed on the
upper surface of the lower connecting steel plate 5. An upper end
face of the upper bearing plate 2 includes several parallel
grooves, and the grooves match the protrusions on the upper
connecting steel plate 1. A lower end face of the lower bearing
plate 4 includes several parallel grooves, and the grooves match
the protrusions on the lower connecting steel plate 5. The
protrusions and the grooves have gaps in vertical and horizontal
directions thereof, sizes of the gaps are different, and vertical
gaps of the protrusions are greater than horizontal gaps. The
hyperbolic spheroid 7 is clamped between the upper bearing plate 2
and the lower bearing plate 4 and cooperates with the upper bearing
plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 4 based on sliding of a
spherical sliding friction pair. The spherical sliding friction
pair includes an upper spherical sliding friction pair and a lower
spherical sliding friction pair. The upper spherical sliding
friction pair includes a spherical non-metal sliding plate and a
spherical stainless steel sliding plate. The lower spherical
sliding friction pair includes a spherical non-metal sliding plate
and a spherical stainless steel sliding plate.
[0036] As shown in FIG. 7, several groups of hysteretic damping
components 3 used to bear bridge load, reduce rigidity of the
bearing, prolong an earthquake period of a great earthquake, and
provide restoration force and damping during the earthquake are
disposed outside the hyperbolic spheroid 7 and between the upper
bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 4. The hysteretic
damping component 3 includes two hysteretic dampers 31. The
hysteretic damper 31 includes a U-shaped frame and an oblique
frame, the U-shaped frame is located in a horizontal plane, a slot
bottom of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to one end of the
oblique frame, the oblique frame is located in a vertical plane and
disposed obliquely, oblique frames of the two hysteretic dampers 31
overlap and clasp each other, and slot openings of the U-shaped
frames of the two hysteretic dampers 31 are respectively located in
an upper position and a lower position. The hysteretic dampers 31
are made of mild steel.
[0037] As shown in FIG. 1, several bearing positioning structures 6
used to bear bridge load and fix relative positions of the upper
bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 4 by using shearing
bolts under normal working conditions are disposed outside the
hyperbolic spheroid 7 and between the upper bearing plate 2 and the
lower bearing plate 4. The bearing positioning structure 6 includes
an upper positioning block 61 and a lower positioning block 62, the
upper positioning block 61 is fixed on the upper bearing plate 2,
the lower positioning block 62 is fixed on the lower bearing plate
4, slotted holes are provided in a horizontal direction in middle
positions in the upper positioning block 61 and the lower
positioning block 62, and a shearing bolt is disposed in the
slotted holes to connect the upper positioning block 61 and the
lower positioning block 62.
[0038] As shown in FIG. 6, several butterfly-shaped spring
components 8 used to bear bridge load, reduce rigidity of the
bearing, prolong an earthquake period of a great earthquake, and
provide restoration force and damping during the earthquake are
distributed outside the hyperbolic spheroid 7 and between the upper
bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 4. The butterfly-shaped
spring component 8 includes a bushing 81, a butterfly-shaped spring
82, a mild steel core 83, and a button-shaped snap ring 84, blind
holes 86 are provided on the opposite surfaces of both the upper
bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 4, a bushing 81
matching the blinding hole 86 is disposed in each blind hole 86, a
rear bearing cushion 85 is disposed at a bottom of each blind hole
86, the butterfly-shaped spring 82 is disposed between two bushings
81, the mild steel core 83 is disposed in an axial direction in a
center of the butterfly-shaped spring 82, the button-shaped snap
ring 84 is disposed at a hole edge of the blind hole 86, one end of
the bushing 81 extends out of the blind hole 86, and the
button-shaped snap ring 84 is snapped onto the end of the bushing
81.
[0039] As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, several bearing limiting
structures 9 used to bear bridge load, limit excessive displacement
and rotation of the upper bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing
plate 4 in the horizontal direction and vertical direction are
distributed outside the hyperbolic spheroid 7 and between the upper
bearing plate 2 and the lower bearing plate 4. The bearing limiting
structure 9 includes an external limiting block 91 and an internal
limiting block 92, the external limiting block 91 is fixed on the
upper bearing plate 2, the internal limiting block 92 is fixed on
the lower bearing plate 4, the external limiting block 91 and the
internal limiting block 92 are snapped onto each other, and a gap
exists between the external limiting block 91 and the internal
limiting block 92.
[0040] A design concept and an operating principle of the present
invention under various working conditions are as follows:
[0041] Under normal working conditions, the bearing in the present
invention bears the whole bridge by using the hyperbolic spheroid
7, the bearing positioning structure 6, and the bearing limiting
structure 9, and a long-term nonlinear effect caused by factors
such as a temperature effect cycle and braking force is overcome by
using the sliding groove type structure formed by the upper
connecting steel plate 1 and the upper bearing plate 2, and the
sliding groove type structure formed by the lower connecting steel
plate 5 and the lower bearing plate 4.
[0042] Under low-magnitude seismic working conditions, the
anti-shearing bolt on the bearing positioning structure 6 of the
bearing in the present invention is cut off, and the hyperbolic
spheroid 7, the upper bearing plate 2, and the lower bearing plate
4 together consume massive seismic energy depending on the upper
spherical sliding friction pair and the lower spherical sliding
friction pair formed by the hyperbolic spheroid 7, the upper
bearing plate 2, and the lower bearing plate 4. In addition, the
hyperbolic spheroid 7 may be further used to implement repetitive
conversion between kinetic energy and potential energy and consume
seismic energy. In addition, under such working conditions, the
butterfly-shaped spring component 8 and the hysteretic damping
component 3 enter a resilient deformation stage and absorb seismic
energy.
[0043] Under high-magnitude seismic working conditions, the
hysteretic damping component 3 of the bearing in the present
invention has great resilient deformation, and the butterfly-shaped
spring component 8 has greater resilient deformation under action
of external force. Under worse working conditions, the shearing
bolt connected to the hysteretic damping component 3 is cut off,
the hysteretic damping component 3 has resilient deformation and
even the shearing bolt is cut off, the butterfly-shaped spring 82
has resilient deformation, and the hyperbolic spheroid friction
pair and the sliding groove type structure together absorb and
consume seismic energy under such working conditions. Under extreme
conditions, depending on the bearing limiting structure 9 and the
sliding groove type structure, the present invention prevents
excessive displacement and rotation of various components of the
bearing, further prevents breaking of the bearing and prevents
bridge falling, ensures that a major disaster such as bridge
falling does not occur under seismic working conditions, and
ensures timely and fast repair of the bridge after the
earthquake.
[0044] In the present invention, the foregoing structures may be
properly designed and selected according to structural
characteristics of buildings and bridges and local geological
conditions.
[0045] The foregoing descriptions are merely preferred
implementations of the present invention. It should be understood
that, the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed
in the specification. Exclusion of other embodiments should not be
considered. Various other combinations, modifications, and
environments may also apply, and modifications can be made within
the scope of the idea in the specification through the foregoing
teaching and technology or knowledge in the related field. The
modifications and variations made by a person skilled in the art
without departing from the spirit and scope of the present
invention shall fall within the protection scope the appended
claims of the present invention.
* * * * *