U.S. patent application number 16/073301 was filed with the patent office on 2019-01-10 for stabilized aqueous composition comprising chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid.
This patent application is currently assigned to SEIKAGAKU CORPORATION. The applicant listed for this patent is SEIKAGAKU CORPORATION. Invention is credited to Kota FUJIWARA, Akira KOUSHINBOU, Eiji NOGAMI, Noriko OSHIMA, Tomoya SATO.
Application Number | 20190008891 16/073301 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59398167 |
Filed Date | 2019-01-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20190008891 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
NOGAMI; Eiji ; et
al. |
January 10, 2019 |
STABILIZED AQUEOUS COMPOSITION COMPRISING CHONDROITIN SULFATE AND
HYALURONIC ACID
Abstract
The present invention relates to an aqueous composition which
comprises chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and a
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and which can be stored at
room temperature. The present invention also relates to an aqueous
composition which comprises chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid,
sorbitol, and a pharmaceutical acceptable carrier.
Inventors: |
NOGAMI; Eiji; (Tokyo,
JP) ; KOUSHINBOU; Akira; (Tokyo, JP) ; OSHIMA;
Noriko; (Tokyo, JP) ; FUJIWARA; Kota; (Tokyo,
JP) ; SATO; Tomoya; (Tokyo, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SEIKAGAKU CORPORATION |
Tokyo |
|
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
SEIKAGAKU CORPORATION
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
59398167 |
Appl. No.: |
16/073301 |
Filed: |
January 27, 2017 |
PCT Filed: |
January 27, 2017 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2017/002858 |
371 Date: |
July 26, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 31/737 20130101;
A61K 31/728 20130101; A61K 9/0048 20130101; A61K 47/36 20130101;
A61K 47/26 20130101; A61P 27/02 20180101 |
International
Class: |
A61K 31/737 20060101
A61K031/737; A61K 31/728 20060101 A61K031/728; A61K 47/26 20060101
A61K047/26; A61K 9/00 20060101 A61K009/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 29, 2016 |
JP |
2016-015630 |
Claims
1. An aqueous composition which comprises chondroitin sulfate,
hyaluronic acid, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and
which can be stored at room temperature.
2. An aqueous composition which comprises chondroitin sulfate,
hyaluronic acid, sorbitol, and a pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier.
3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises 20 to
60 mg/mL of chondroitin sulfate and 10 to 40 mg/mL of hyaluronic
acid.
4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which
comprises chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid as active
ingredients, and sorbitol as an additive.
5. The composition according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein
the sorbitol is D-sorbitol.
6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has
a viscosity of 20,000 to 120,000 mPas at 25.degree. C. and at a
shear rate of 2 s.sup.-1.
7. The composition according to any one of claims 2 to 6, which can
be stored at room temperature.
8. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is
a viscoelastic agent.
9. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is
an ophthalmic composition.
10. A method for stabilizing the composition as recited in any one
of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising including sorbitol in the
composition.
11. A method for producing the composition as recited in any one of
claims 1 to 9, the method comprising including sorbitol in the
composition.
12. A method for storing the composition as recited in any one of
claims 1 to 9, the method comprising including sorbitol in the
composition.
13. A method for treating an ocular disease, which comprises
administering, to a patient in need of an ophthalmic surgical aid
in an ophthalmic surgery, an effective amount of the aqueous
composition as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9.
14. The method according to claim 13, which comprises: storing the
composition as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9 at room
temperature, and administering, to a patient in need of an
ophthalmic surgical aid in an ophthalmic surgery, an effective
amount of the aqueous composition stored at room temperature.
15. Use of the aqueous composition as recited in any one of claims
1 to 9 in manufacture of an ophthalmic surgical aid employed in an
ophthalmic surgery for treating an ocular disease.
16. The use according to claim 15, wherein the aqueous composition
is an aqueous composition for use in an ophthalmic surgery after
storage thereof at room temperature.
17. The aqueous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
which is for use as an ophthalmic surgical aid employed in an
ophthalmic surgery for treating an ocular disease.
18. The aqueous composition according to claim 17, which is for use
in an ophthalmic surgery after storage thereof at room temperature.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to an aqueous composition
which comprises chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and a
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and which can be stored at room
temperature. More particularly, the present invention relates to an
aqueous composition containing chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic
acid, and sorbitol.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Currently, a viscoelastic agent containing chondroitin
sulfate sodium and sodium hyaluronate (VISCOAT.RTM. is commercially
available as an ophthalmic surgical aid.
[0003] This commercial viscoelastic agent is known to have poor
stability at room temperature and decrease in viscosity during
storage. It is also known that this viscoelastic agent is instable
to light, and decreases in viscosity through exposure to light.
Thus, since being approved by the United States in 1986,
VISCOAT.RTM. has been required to be stored under the following
conditions: "protect from light, protect from freezing, store in
cold place (2 to 8.degree. C.)" (Non-Patent Document 1).
[0004] Patent Document 1 relates to a method for stabilizing an
aqueous ophthalmic solution containing hyaluronic acid. Patent
Document 2 relates to a stabilized composition containing
hyaluronic acid. However, these documents are silent on a method
for stabilizing an aqueous composition per se containing
chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid.
[0005] Meanwhile, an aqueous composition containing chondroitin
sulfate and hyaluronic acid is known to exhibit a high viscosity
which cannot be predicted from the viscosity of each component
alone (Patent Document 3). It has been proposed that the mechanism
of exhibiting such an increased viscosity is based on interaction
between chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid. However, the
details of the mechanism have not yet been elucidated. Therefore,
the respective facts known for chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic
acid are not directly applicable when it comes to the properties,
in particular the viscosity, of the above-mentioned
composition.
[0006] Actually, even though about 30 years have passed since the
approval of VISCOAT.RTM., there has yet been no formulation in
practical use which can be stored at room temperature or without
protection from light. In addition, no method has ever been
reported for stabilizing the viscosity of an aqueous composition
containing chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid. This attests to
the particularity of this composition, that is, the respective
facts known for chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid are not
directly applicable to this composition.
PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS
Patent Documents
[0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
(kokai) No. 1998-72376 [0008] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent
Application Laid-Open (kokai) No. 1999-302197 [0009] Patent
Document 3: U.S. Pat. No. 6,051,560
Non-Patent Documents
[0009] [0010] Non-Patent Document 1: package insert of
VISCOAT.RTM.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0011] VISCOAT.RTM., a pre-filled syringe preparation of an aqueous
composition containing chondroitin sulfate sodium and sodium
hyaluronate, must be stored in a cold place as it decreases in
viscosity by storage at room temperature (the interview form of
VISCOAT.RTM.). Generally, handling of pre-filled syringe
preparations which are required to be stored under cold conditions
is cumbersome because it is necessary to control temperature during
transport thereof, secure a storage site in a medical facility, and
keep the preparations at room temperature for a certain period of
time before use. However, there has never been reported a method
for stabilizing the composition itself, possibly due to the
particularity of its properties.
[0012] Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide a
stabilized aqueous composition containing chondroitin sulfate and
hyaluronic acid. Particularly, the object of the invention is to
provide such an aqueous composition that is stable even at room
temperature.
[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a
method for stabilizing or storing such a composition, or a method
for producing such a composition which is stabilized.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0014] The present inventors have found that a drop in viscosity of
an aqueous composition containing chondroitin sulfate and
hyaluronic acid can be suppressed even at room temperature by
including sorbitol in the composition. The present invention has
been accomplished on the basis of this finding. Accordingly, the
present invention is directed to an aqueous composition which
comprises chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and a
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and which can be stored at room
temperature. The present invention is also directed to an aqueous
composition containing chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and
sorbitol. [0015] <1> An aqueous composition which comprises
chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and a pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier and which can be stored at room temperature.
[0016] <2> An aqueous composition which comprises chondroitin
sulfate, hyaluronic acid, sorbitol, and a pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier. [0017] <3> The composition according to
<1> or <2>, which comprises 20 to 60 mg/mL of
chondroitin sulfate and 10 to 40 mg/mL of hyaluronic acid. [0018]
<4> The composition according to any one of <1> to
<3>, which comprises chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid
as active ingredients, and sorbitol as an additive. [0019]
<5> The composition according to any one of <2> to
<4>, wherein the sorbitol is D-sorbitol. [0020] <6> The
composition according to any one of <1> to <5>, which
has a viscosity of 20,000 to 120,000 mPas at 25.degree. C. and at a
shear rate of 2 s.sup.-1. [0021] <7> The composition
according to any one of <2> to <6>, which can be stored
at room temperature. [0022] <8> The composition according to
any one of <1> to <7>, which is a viscoelastic agent.
[0023] <9> The composition according to any one of <1>
to <8>, which is an ophthalmic composition. [0024] <10>
The composition according to any one of <1> to <9>,
which is an ophthalmic surgical aid. [0025] <11> The
composition according to any one of <1> to <10>, which
is an ophthalmic viscoelastic agent. [0026] <12> The
composition according to any one of <1> to <11>, which
is clear and colorless. [0027] <13> The composition according
to any one of <1> to <12>, which is an injection.
[0028] <14> A method for stabilizing the composition as
recited in any one of <1> to <13>, the method
comprising including sorbitol in the composition. [0029] <15>
A method for producing the composition as recited in any one of
<1> to <13>, the method comprising including sorbitol
in the composition. [0030] <16> A method for storing the
composition as recited in any one of <1> to <13>, the
method comprising including sorbitol in the composition. [0031]
<17> The storage method according to <16>, which
comprises storing the aqueous composition at room temperature.
[0032] <18> A method for treating an ocular disease, which
comprises administering, to a patient in need of an ophthalmic
surgical aid in an ophthalmic surgery, an effective amount of the
aqueous composition as recited in any one of <1> to
<13>. [0033] <19> The method according to <18>,
which comprises:
[0034] storing the aqueous composition as recited in any one of
<1> to <13> at room temperature, and
[0035] administering, to a patient in need of an ophthalmic
surgical aid in an ophthalmic surgery, an effective amount of the
aqueous composition stored at room temperature. [0036] <20>
Use of the aqueous composition as recited in any one of <1>
to <13> in manufacture of an ophthalmic surgical aid employed
in an ophthalmic surgery for treating an ocular disease. [0037]
<21> The use according to <20>, wherein the aqueous
composition is an aqueous composition for use in an ophthalmic
surgery after storage thereof at room temperature. [0038]
<22> The aqueous composition according to any one of
<1> to <13>, which is for use as an ophthalmic surgical
aid employed in an ophthalmic surgery for treating an ocular
disease. [0039] <23> The aqueous composition according to
<22>, which is for use in an ophthalmic surgery after storage
thereof at room temperature.
Effects of the Invention
[0040] Inclusion of sorbitol in an aqueous composition containing
chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid can suppress a drop in
viscosity of the aqueous composition. It also allows the
composition to be stably stored for a long period of time. As a
result, the aqueous composition containing chondroitin sulfate and
hyaluronic acid no longer needs to be stored at a cold site, and
can be stored at room temperature. For example, the composition can
be stored even at a temperature higher than 8.degree. C. In
addition, in one embodiment of the aqueous composition of the
present invention, a drop in viscosity of the aqueous composition
can be suppressed even under exposure to light.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
<Definitions>
[0041] The terms used herein are defined as follows.
[0042] Unless otherwise specified, "chondroitin sulfate" (also
abbreviated as "CS") refers to chondroitin sulfate or a salt
thereof. The term "chondroitin sulfate sodium" is used with the
same meaning as "sodium chondroitin sulfate ester."
[0043] Unless otherwise specified, "hyaluronic acid" (also
abbreviated as "HA") refers to hyaluronic acid or a salt
thereof.
[0044] Unless otherwise specified, the term "molecular weight"
refers to weight average molecular weight.
[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the term "viscosity" refers to a
viscosity as determined at 25.degree. C. and a shear rate of 2
s.sup.-1.
[0046] Any numerical range represented by "X to Y" herein refers to
a range including X as the minimum value and Y as the maximum
value. In the case where a composition contains a plurality of
substances that correspond to each component, the content of each
component in the composition refers to, unless otherwise specified,
the total amount of those substances in the composition.
(1) Composition of the Present Invention
[0047] The composition of the present invention is an aqueous
composition which comprises CS, HA, and a pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier and which can be stored at room temperature.
Furthermore, the composition of the present invention is an aqueous
composition which comprises CS, HA, sorbitol, and a
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
<CS>
[0048] CS is not particularly limited so long as it is a
glycosaminoglycan which has a basic backbone in which disaccharide
structural units consisting of D-glucuronic acid residues bonded
with N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues via .beta.-1,3 bonding are
repeatedly bonded via .beta.-1,4 bonding, wherein some of the
hydroxyl groups of the disaccharide structural units are sulfated.
CS may be in a free form (i.e., a non-salt form) or may form a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt. CS may be a non-cross-linked
CS.
[0049] CS may be derived from natural products, chemically
synthesized, or produced by culturing a microorganism or by genetic
engineering techniques. For example, when CS is obtained from a
natural product, the natural product to be source material may be
appropriately chosen in accordance with the desired type of CS and
other factors. Alternatively, CS of interest may be obtained by
appropriately modifying a natural product-derived substance via
chemical synthesis techniques.
[0050] The weight average molecular weight of CS is not
particularly limited, but is, for example, 10,000 to 100,000, and
preferably 10,000 to 60,000, more preferably 15,000 to 50,000,
still more preferably 15,000 to 40,000, and particularly preferably
15,000 to 25,000. The weight average molecular weight of CS may be
determined by the light scattering technique.
<HA>
[0051] HA is not particularly limited so long as it is a
glycosaminoglycan which has a basic backbone in which disaccharide
structural units consisting of D-glucuronate residues bonded with
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues via .beta.-1,3-bonding are
repeatedly bonded via .beta.-1,4 bonding. HA may be in a free form
(i.e., a non-salt form) or may form a pharmaceutically acceptable
salt. HA may be a non-cross-linked HA.
[0052] HA may be chemically synthesized, produced by culturing a
microorganism or by genetic engineering techniques, or derived from
a natural product extracted from a part of a living body, such as
cockscomb, umbilical cord, cartilage, or skin.
[0053] The weight average molecular weight of HA is not
particularly limited, but is, for example, 10,000 to 5,000,000, and
preferably 200,000 to 3,000,000, more preferably 300,000 to
2,000,000, still more preferably 400,000 to 1,200,000, yet more
preferably 400,000 to 900,000, particularly preferably 450,000 to
800,000, and yet more preferably 500,000 to 750,000. The weight
average molecular weight of HA herein may be determined by
measuring intrinsic viscosity in accordance with the "viscosity
measurement method" of The Japanese Pharmacopeia 16th Revision and
calculating with the equation of Laurent et al. (Biochim. Biophys.
Acta, 42, 476(1960)).
<Pharmacologically Acceptable Salts of CS and HA>
[0054] Pharmacologically acceptable salts of CS or HA include, for
example, alkali metal ion salts such as sodium salt and potassium
salt, and alkaline earth metal ion salts such as magnesium salt and
calcium salt. From the viewpoints of biocompatibility and affinity,
CS and HA employed in the present invention are preferably alkali
metal ion salts, particularly preferably sodium salts.
<Sorbitol>
[0055] "Sorbitol" herein is preferably D-sorbitol.
[0056] The concentration of sorbitol contained in the composition
of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is
preferably 0.1 mg/mL or higher, more preferably 0.5 mg/mL or
higher, still more preferably 1 mg/mL or higher, and particularly
preferably 2 mg/mL or higher. Since a higher content of sorbitol
provides a higher suppressing effect on a viscosity drop of the
aqueous composition containing CS and HA, the upper limit of the
sorbitol concentration of the composition of the present invention
is not particularly limited. However, examples of the upper limit
of the sorbitol concentration of the composition of the present
invention include 100 mg/mL or lower, 80 mg/mL or lower, 50 mg/mL
or lower, 20 mg/mL or lower, and 10 mg/mL or lower. The
concentration of sorbitol contained in the composition of the
present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example,
0.5 to 100 mg/mL, 1 to 80 mg/mL, 2 to 40 mg/mL, 2.5 to 20 mg/mL, or
5 to 10 mg/mL.
[0057] The sorbitol content is, with respect to 100 parts by mass
of the total of CS and HA, preferably 0.5 to 120 parts by mass,
more preferably 1 to 60 parts by mass, still more preferably 1.4 to
30 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 3 to 20 parts by
mass.
<Pharmaceutically Acceptable Carrier>
[0058] Herein, examples of the "pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier" include physiological saline, phosphate buffered saline,
phosphate buffer, purified water, and water for injection, etc.
Additives generally used in the art such as a pH-adjuster, a
buffer, a tonicity agent, and an antiseptic may be suitably used.
Examples of additives other than sorbitol include sodium chloride,
potassium chloride, sodium dihydrogenphosphate, disodium
hydrogenphosphate, sodium hydrogenphosphate, and monopotassium
hydrogenphosphate. The composition of the present invention may
contain no tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and/or glycerin.
<Aqueous Composition>
[0059] The "aqueous composition" herein is not particularly limited
so long as the composition contains water in an amount of 50% (w/v)
or more. The composition of the present invention preferably has a
water content of 80% (w/v) or higher, more preferably 90% (w/v) or
higher.
<CS Concentration and HA Concentration>
[0060] According to U.S. Pat. No. 6,051,560, which discloses a
viscoelastic composition containing CS and HA, interaction between
CS and HA occur at any concentrations thereof. Thus, the CS
concentration and HA concentration of the composition of the
present invention are not particularly limited, and the CS
concentration and HA concentration are individually exemplified as
follows. Specifically, the CS concentration is preferably 10 to 100
mg/mL, more preferably 20 to 60 mg/mL, still more preferably 25 to
55 mg/mL, yet more preferably 30 to 50 mg/mL, further more
preferably 35 to 45 mg/mL, and particularly preferably 40 mg/mL.
The HA concentration is preferably 5 to 50 mg/mL, more preferably
10 to 40 mg/mL, still more preferably 15 to 35 mg/mL, yet more
preferably 25 to 35 mg/mL, further more preferably 27 to 33 mg/mL,
and particularly preferably 30 mg/mL. When CS and HA are at
concentrations as described above, the aqueous composition can
exhibit a certain level of viscosity. Such concentrations are
preferred when the aqueous composition is used as ophthalmic
compositions, inter alia, an ophthalmic surgical aid and/or an
ophthalmic viscoelastic agent.
<Ratio of HA to CS>
[0061] The ratio of HA to CS is not particularly limited, but the
ratio of HA with respect to 10 parts by mass of CS is preferably 1
to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 3 to 10 parts by mass, still
more preferably 4 to 8 parts by mass, particularly preferably 7 to
8 parts by mass, and most preferably 7.5 parts by mass. A ratio of
HA to CS falling within the above ranges is preferable for the
aqueous composition to exhibit a certain level of viscosity. Such a
ratio is preferred when the aqueous composition is used as
ophthalmic compositions, inter alia, an ophthalmic surgical aid
and/or an ophthalmic viscoelastic agent.
<pH>
[0062] The pH of the composition of the present invention is not
particularly limited, but is preferably 6.0 to 8.0, more preferably
6.5 to 7.8, still more preferably 6.8 to 7.6, and particularly
preferably 7.0 to 7.5.
<Viscosity>
[0063] The viscosity of the composition of the present invention
may be determined by the method disclosed in the Examples. The
"percent viscosity retention" (%) is calculated by the following
formula (A). For example, when the viscosity at the start of
storage is 50 Pas, and the viscosity at the time of evaluation is
30 Pas, the percent viscosity retention is 60%.
[MF1]
Percent viscosity retention=100.times.(viscosity at time of
evaluation)/(viscosity at start of storage) (A)
[0064] In addition, the "percent improvement in viscosity
retention" (%) is calculated by the following formula (B). The
"negative control sample" in this formula refers to the same sample
as the evaluation sample except that the control sample does not
contain an additive to be evaluated. For example, when the percent
viscosity retention of the negative control sample is 25% at a
given evaluation timing, and the percent viscosity retention of the
evaluation sample is 50% at the same evaluation timing, the percent
improvement in viscosity retention is 200%.
[MF2]
Percent improvement in viscosity retention=100.times.(percent
viscosity retention of evaluation sample)/(percent viscosity
retention of negative control sample) (B)
[0065] The viscosity of the composition of the present invention is
not particularly limited, but is preferably 20,000 to 120,000 mPas,
more preferably 30,000 to 110,000 mPas, still more preferably
35,000 to 80,000 mPas, and particularly preferably 35,000 to 60,000
mPas. The percent viscosity retention of the composition of the
present invention after being stored for 6 months in the dark at
40.degree. C. and an RH of is not particularly limited, but is
preferably 55% or higher, more preferably 60% or higher, still more
preferably 65% or higher, and particularly preferably 70% or
higher. The percent viscosity retention of the composition of the
present invention after being stored for 24 months in the dark at
25.degree. C. and an RFI of 60% is not particularly limited, but is
preferably 60% or higher, more preferably 70% or higher, still more
preferably 80% or higher, and particularly preferably 85% or
higher.
<Stabilization of Composition>
[0066] In the present invention, the term "stabilization of a
composition" refers to stabilization of the viscosity of the
composition. More specifically, the term means that the viscosity
of the composition is maintained within a specific range, and
preferably means that a drop in viscosity of the composition is
suppressed. Stabilization of viscosity includes stabilization of
the viscosity of the composition at room temperature and/or under
exposure to light.
[0067] The degree of viscosity stabilization may be assessed using
an index such as the aforementioned percent viscosity retention. In
one embodiment where the percent viscosity retention falls within
the aforementioned ranges, stabilization of the composition can be
evaluated as being attained even at room temperature.
[0068] Herein, the terms "stability" of the composition and "stable
(stably)" are also used with the same meaning as
"stabilization".
[0069] In addition, the term "can be stored at room temperature"
herein means that the viscosity of the composition is maintained
within a specific range at room temperature.
[0070] From the viewpoint of the aforementioned percent viscosity
retention, a specific example of the composition which "can be
stored at room temperature" is a composition having a percent
viscosity retention of preferably 55% or higher, more preferably
60% or higher, still more preferably 65% or higher, and
particularly preferably 70% or higher, after being stored for 6
months in the dark at 40.degree. C. and an RH of .ltoreq.25%.
Another specific example of the composition is a composition having
a percent viscosity retention of preferably 60% or higher, more
preferably 70% or higher, still more preferably 80% or higher, and
particularly preferably 85% or higher, after being stored for 24
months in the dark at 25.degree. C. and an RH of 60%.
<Storage of Composition>
[0071] In the present invention, the term "storage of a
composition" refers to keeping the composition in a container or
the like.
[0072] Storage of the composition includes, for example, various
steps: e.g., storage of the composition immediately after
production thereof, during transportation thereof, and prior to use
thereof by a user of the composition, as well as storage of the
composition immediately before surgery or another treatment.
<Osmotic Pressure>
[0073] The ratio of osmotic pressure of the composition of the
present invention to that of physiological saline is not
particularly limited, but is preferably 0.8 to 1.4, and
particularly preferably 0.9 to 1.3.
<Dosage Form>
[0074] The dosage form of the composition of the present invention
is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include
injections and eye drops. Of these, injections are preferred. The
injections include, for example, those in the form of pre-tilled
syringes filled with the composition of the present invention.
<Form>
[0075] The form of the composition of the present invention is not
particularly limited, but a solution or gel is preferred in that it
can be used for injection, eye drop, application, or the like.
Although the details will be described hereinbelow, the composition
of the present invention is preferably colorless or clear.
<Room Temperature and Normal Temperature>
[0076] In the present invention, the term "room temperature" refers
to a temperature of preferably about 0 to about 40.degree. C., more
preferably about 0 to about 35.degree. C., and still more
preferably about 1 to about 30.degree. C.
[0077] In the present invention, the term "normal temperature"
refers to a temperature of preferably about 10 to about 30.degree.
C., more preferably about 15 to about 25.degree. C.
(2) Method for Producing the Composition of the Present
Invention
[0078] The method for producing the aqueous composition of the
present invention containing CS and HA is not particularly limited
so long as the production method includes a step of including
sorbitol in the composition. The method for producing a composition
containing CS and HA is not particularly limited, but the
composition can be produced, for example, in accordance with the
method disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,051,560. The method for
producing the composition of the present invention includes, for
example, a method of including CS, HA, sorbitol, and a
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. These ingredients may be mixed
after being separately dissolved in a solvent, or mixed by
sequentially adding each ingredient to a solvent. In this
production method, the descriptions, examples, preferred ranges,
etc. in the aforementioned "(1) Composition of the present
invention" are directly applicable.
(3) Method of Use of the Composition of the Present Invention
<Use>
[0079] The use of the composition of the present invention is not
particularly limited, but the composition is preferably used as an
ophthalmic composition for ophthalmic purposes, particularly as an
ophthalmic surgical aid, and more preferably as an ophthalmic
viscoelastic agent or an OVD (ophthalmic viscosurgical device). In
addition, since a drop in viscosity of the composition of the
present invention is suppressed at room temperature and even at
normal temperature by addition of sorbitol, the composition of the
present invention can be practically used as a viscoelastic agent.
Examples of the viscoelastic agent include an ophthalmic
viscoelastic agent.
[0080] When the composition of the present invention is used as an
ophthalmic surgical aid and/or an ophthalmic viscoelastic agent,
the composition is preferably used as an aid for cataract surgery,
and more preferably as an aid for cataract removal surgery and/or
intraocular lens insertion. As necessary, the composition of the
present invention may be used as a coating for intraocular
lenses.
[0081] When the composition of the present invention is used for
any of the aforementioned purposes, the composition may contain CS
and/or HA as an active ingredient. When the composition of the
present invention is used as an ophthalmic surgical aid and/or an
ophthalmic viscoelastic agent, the composition of the present
invention is preferably clear and colorless in order to ensure
visibility of the interior of the eye, i.e. the surgical field.
<Administration Method>
[0082] The composition of the present invention may be used by
administration to a patient, which includes animals including
human. When the composition of the present invention is used for
ophthalmic purposes, the administration method is not particularly
limited so long as it is performed in a medically acceptable manner
for administration to the eyes of an animal. The specific
administration method is not particularly limited, but is
preferably eye drop instillation or intraocular injection. Of
these, intraocular injection is more preferred. Particularly
preferred intraocular injection is anterior chamber injection.
<Dose>
[0083] The dose of the composition of the present invention may be
appropriately selected in accordance with use of the composition.
When the composition of the present invention is used as an
ophthalmic surgical aid and/or an ophthalmic viscoelastic agent,
the dose of the composition is not particularly limited, but is
preferably 0.05 to 2 mL, more preferably 0.1 to 1 mL, and still
more preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mL. In particular, at the time of
cataract removal and/or at the time of intraocular lens insertion,
each dose of 0.1 to 0.4 mL may be separately injected to the
anterior chamber. In addition, 0.1 to 0.2 mL of the composition may
be used for coating of an intraocular lens.
<Treatment Method>
[0084] Among the aforementioned uses, the aqueous composition of
the present invention may be used in a method for treating an
ocular disease, which method comprises a step of administering an
effective amount of the aqueous composition to a patient in need of
an ophthalmic surgical aid in an ophthalmic surgery.
[0085] The treatment method preferably includes, before the above
step, a step of storing the aqueous composition of the present
invention at room temperature.
[0086] This storing step may include a step of storing the
composition immediately after production thereof, during
transportation thereof, and prior to use thereof by a user of the
composition, and a step of storing the composition immediately
before surgery or another treatment.
[0087] Examples of the ocular disease include cataract.
[0088] In the above-mentioned treatment method, the descriptions,
examples, preferred ranges, etc. in the aforementioned "(1)
Composition of the present invention," the below-mentioned "(4)
Stabilization method of the present invention," and the
below-mentioned "(5) Storage method of the present invention" are
directly applicable.
<Other Modes of Use>
[0089] Among the aforementioned uses, the aqueous composition of
the present invention may be applied to use of the aqueous
composition for producing an ophthalmic surgical aid employed in an
ophthalmic surgery.
[0090] In this case, the aqueous composition is preferably an
aqueous composition for use in an ophthalmic surgery after storage
thereof at room temperature.
[0091] Also, the aqueous composition of the present invention may
be applied for use as an ophthalmic surgical aid employed in an
ophthalmic surgery for the treatment of an ocular disease.
[0092] In this case, the aqueous composition is preferably an
aqueous composition for use in an ophthalmic surgery after storage
thereof at room temperature.
[0093] The storing step may include a step of storing the
composition immediately after production thereof, during
transportation thereof, and prior to use thereof by a user of the
composition, and a step of storing the composition immediately
before surgery or another treatment.
[0094] Examples of the ocular disease include cataract.
[0095] In the above-mentioned use, the descriptions, examples,
preferred ranges, etc. described in the aforementioned "(1)
Composition of the present invention," the below-mentioned "(4)
Stabilization method of the present invention," and the
below-mentioned "(5) Storage method of the present invention" are
directly applicable.
(4) Stabilization Method of the Present Invention
[0096] The method for stabilizing an aqueous composition of the
present invention is a method for stabilizing an aqueous
composition which comprises CS, HA, and a pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier and which can be stored at room temperature.
[0097] Furthermore, the method for stabilizing an aqueous
composition of the present invention is a method for stabilizing an
aqueous composition comprising CS and HA by including sorbitol in
the composition.
[0098] In this stabilization method, the descriptions, examples,
preferred ranges, etc. described in the aforementioned "(1)
Composition of the present invention" are directly applicable.
[0099] The aqueous composition stabilization method of the present
invention allows stable storage of an aqueous composition.
[0100] In the stabilization method of the present invention, it is
preferred to store an aqueous composition at room temperature. The
method allows stable storage of the aqueous composition and can
suppress a drop in viscosity of the composition even at room
temperature for a long period of time.
[0101] In one embodiment, the aforementioned stabilization method
allows stable storage of the composition either with or without
protection from light. For example, the method allows stable
storage of the aqueous composition and can suppress a drop in
viscosity of the composition even without protection from
light.
(5) Storage Method of the Present Invention
[0102] The method for storing an aqueous composition of the present
invention is a method for storing an aqueous composition which
comprises CS, HA, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and
which can be stored at room temperature.
[0103] Furthermore, the method for storing an aqueous composition
of the present invention is a method for storing an aqueous
composition comprising CS and HA by incorporating sorbitol into the
composition.
[0104] The aqueous composition to be stored is the aqueous
composition described in the aforementioned "(1) Composition of the
present invention," and the descriptions, examples, preferred
ranges, etc. described therein are directly applicable.
[0105] In the aqueous composition storage method of the present
invention, the composition can be stably stored at any stage before
use thereof, at room temperature, normal temperature, or a
temperature higher than room temperature. For example, the
composition can be stably stored even at a temperature higher than
8.degree. C. The meaning of the term "stable (stably)" is as
defined in the aforementioned "Stabilization of composition." In
the aqueous composition storage method of the present invention,
the aqueous composition is preferably stored at room
temperature.
[0106] In one embodiment, the aforementioned storage method allows
stable storage of the composition either with or without protection
from light. For example, the method allows stable storage of the
aqueous composition and can suppress a drop in viscosity of the
composition even without protection from light.
[0107] The storage period of the aqueous composition is not
particularly limited, and may be freely determined in accordance
with the mode of use of the composition, time of transportation,
etc. For example, the storage period may be a short period of up to
24 hours immediately after production of the aqueous composition, a
medium long period of 1 day to 6 months, or a long period of 6
months or longer.
[0108] The aqueous composition storage method of the present
invention may include a step of storing the composition immediately
after production thereof, during transportation thereof, prior to
use thereof by a user of the composition, and storing the
composition immediately before surgery or another treatment. In the
present invention, the aqueous composition can be stored
immediately after production thereof, during transportation
thereof, and prior to being used by a user of the composition. In
other words, the composition of the present invention is not
required to be stored at low temperature, which makes it
unnecessary to warm the composition up to room temperature
immediately before use.
[0109] The container for storing the aqueous composition is not
particularly limited, and a generally known container may be
employed. A sealable container is preferred.
[0110] The present invention will next be described in more detail
by way of the Examples and the Test Examples, which should not be
construed as limiting the invention thereto.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
Storage Stability (at 60.degree. C.) Test
(1) Preparation of Phosphate Buffer
[0111] Sodium dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate (0.509 g), disodium
hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate (5.04 g), and sodium chloride (4.30
g) were dissolved in water for injection, and the total volume was
adjusted to 1,000 g to prepare a phosphate buffer (hereinafter also
referred to as "PBS"). Each weight value refers to a relative
weight.
(2) Preparation of Aqueous Composition Containing CS and HA
[0112] Sodium hyaluronate (weight average molecular weight: about
900,000, product of Seikagaku Corporation) was treated with heat to
reduce its molecular weight, yielding sodium hyaluronate with a
weight average molecular weight of about 700,000. This sodium
hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate sodium (weight average molecular
weight; about 20,000, product of Seikagaku Corporation), and an
additive were mixed together at proportions shown in Table 1 to
prepare aqueous compositions. The employed additives were
D-sorbitol (EP, product of Wako Pure Chemical), glycine (GR,
product of Wako Pure Chemical), L-glutamic acid (GR, product of
Wako Pure Chemical), sodium L-glutamate (Japanese Pharmaceutical
Codex, product of Wako Pure Chemical), and L-methionine (GR,
product of Wako Pure Chemical). PBS was used as a solvent. The
numerical values in Table 1 represent the amount of each ingredient
contained in 1 mL of each composition. The symbol "-" indicates
that the composition does not contain the relevant ingredient.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 For- For- For- For- For- For- mula- mula-
mula- mula- mula- mula- Ingredients tion 1 tion 2 tion 3 tion 4
tion 5 tion 6 CS (mg) 40 40 40 40 40 40 HA (mg) 30 30 30 30 30 30
D-Sorbitol (mg) -- 5 -- -- -- -- Glycine (mg) -- -- 5 -- -- --
L-Glutamic acid (mg) -- -- -- 5 -- -- Na L-glutamate (mg) -- -- --
-- 5 -- L-Methionine (mg) -- -- -- -- -- 5
(3) Test Method
[0113] Each of the compositions of Formulations 1 to 6 was stored
in the dark at 60.degree. C. for 14 days. The viscosity of each
composition was measured at the start of storage and on day 3, day
7, day 10, and day 14 of the storage. The viscosity of each
formulation at each timing was compared with the viscosity of
Formulation 1 (additive-free) at the start of storage, whereby the
effect of the additive on the viscosity of the composition was
assessed. On day 14, the status of browning was checked.
Viscosity Measurement
[0114] A rotary viscometer (model: TVE-22H, product of Toki Sangyo
Co., Ltd.) was employed. The viscosity of the composition at
25.degree. C. and a shear rate of 2 s.sup.-1 was measured at each
time point.
Assessment of Browning
[0115] The browning status of each composition was visually checked
14 days after start of storage and evaluated by scoring in
accordance with the following ratings.
<Ratings>
[0116] "-" Browning lighter than that of Formulation 1 (negative
control)
[0117] ".+-." Browning equivalent to that of Formulation 1
(negative control)
[0118] "+" Browning heavier than that of Formulation 1 (negative
control)
(4) Results
[0119] Table 2 shows the results.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 For- For- For- For- For- For- mula- mula-
mula- mula- mula- mula- tion 1 tion 2 tion 3 tion 4 tion 5 tion 6
Additive None Sor- Gly- Glutamic Na Methi- bitol cine acid
glutamate onine Viscosity 50.54 -- -- -- -- -- (Pa s), day 0
Viscosity 41.64 44.83 8.49 10.43 26.77 40.44 (Pa s), day 3
Viscosity 27.56 36.10 1.07 0.99 8.64 29.61 (Pa s), day 7 Viscosity
20.61 28.91 0.05 0.08 4.27 23.85 (Pa s), day 10 Viscosity 16.76
25.53 0 0 2.51 18.73 (Pa s), day 14 Browning, day 14 .+-. .+-. + +
.+-. + "--": No data
[0120] All the formulations containing CA and HA and containing
glycine, L-glutamic acid, or Na L-glutamate, which was reported in
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (kokai) No. 1999-302197 to
stabilize HA, exhibited a viscosity definitely lower than that of
Formulation 1 (negative control) at all timings of storage. As a
result, these additives were found to accelerate a drop in
viscosity of the aqueous composition containing CS and HA.
Formulation 6 containing L-methionine, which is used as a
stabilizer of a commercial hyaluronic acid preparation
(Suvenyl.RTM.), exhibited a viscosity almost equivalent to that of
Formulation 1 at all timings, indicating that the effect of
Formulation 6 on suppressing a viscosity drop was not significant.
Browning of Formulation 6 was more significant as compared with
Formulation 1, indicating that L-methionine promoted browning. In
contrast, Formulation 2, containing D-sorbitol, exhibited a
viscosity higher than that of Formulation 1 at all timings.
Browning of Formulation 2 was not accelerated by D-sorbitol
contained therein. Accordingly, sorbitol has been found to suppress
a drop in viscosity of an aqueous composition containing CS and HA
and to serve as a remarkably useful stabilizer for the
composition.
[0121] These results also suggest that a composition containing
both CS and HA shows different behavior from that of a composition
containing only HA.
Example 2
Storage Stability (at 60.degree. C.) Test
[0122] Using glucose (GR, product of Wako Pure Chemical), maltose
hydrate (GR, product of Wako Pure Chemical), xylitol (GR, product
of Wako Pure Chemical), or condensed mixed tocopherol (EP, product
of Wako Pure Chemical) as an additive, aqueous compositions were
prepared and tested to evaluate the effect of each additive on the
viscosity of the composition and check the browning status under
the same conditions as Example 1, including the procedure, amounts
(CS: 40 mg, HA: 30 mg, and additive: 5 mg) and experimental
conditions. Table 3 shows the results.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Formulation For- Formulation Formulation 7
mulation 8 9 10 Additive Glucose Maltose Xylitol Tocopherol hydrate
Viscosity (Pa s), -- -- -- -- day 0 Viscosity (Pa s), 38.92 43.70
44.66 38.22 day 3 Viscosity (Pa s), 22.73 29.77 32.49 25.68 day 7
Viscosity (Pa s), 15.59 22.88 26.69 19.99 day 10 Viscosity (Pa s),
9.37 17.31 19.33 15.85 day 14 Browning, day 14 .+-. .+-. .+-.
.+-.
[0123] The viscosity values of Formulations 8. 9, and 10,
containing CS and HA, and containing maltose hydrate, xylitol, or
tocopherol as an additive, were almost equivalent to the viscosity
of Formulation 1, indicating that these additives had a small
effect on suppressing a viscosity drop. Formulation 7, containing
glucose as an additive, exhibited a considerable viscosity drop.
Xylitol in Formulation 9 exhibited a drastic drop in viscosity on
day 14. In contrast, Formulation 2, containing D-sorbitol,
exhibited a viscosity higher than that of Formulation 1 at all
timings as described above, and its browning was not accelerated by
D-sorbitol contained therein. Accordingly, sorbitol has been found
to suppress a drop in viscosity of an aqueous composition
containing CS and HA and to serve as a remarkably useful stabilizer
for the composition.
Example 3
Study on Sorbitol Concentration
(1) Test Method
[0124] In a manner similar to that of Example 1, aqueous
compositions of the formulations shown in Table 4 were prepared.
Each of the numerical values in Table 4 represents an amount of
each ingredient contained in 1 mL of the composition. The symbol
"-" indicates that the composition does not contain the relevant
ingredient.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Formulation Formulation Formulation
Formulation Ingredients 11 12 13 14 CS (mg) 40 40 40 40 HA (mg) 30
30 30 30 D-Sorbitol -- 1 5 10 (mg)
[0125] The viscosity of each of the compositions of Formulations 11
to 14 before and after a heat treatment (121.degree. C., 5 minutes)
was measured in accordance with Example 1. In each case, percent
viscosity retention and percent improvement in viscosity retention
were calculated from the measurement results.
(2) Results
[0126] Table 5 shows the results.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Formulation Formulation Formulation
Formulation 11 12 13 14 Additive None Sorbitol Sorbitol Sorbitol
0.1% (w/v) 0.5% (w/v) 1% (w/v) Viscosity 75.93 70.91 71.76 72.83
(Pa s), before heat treatment Viscosity 37.24 41.05 47.15 49.50 (Pa
s), after heat treatment Viscosity 49.0 57.9 65.7 68.0 retention
(%) Improvement 100 118 134 139 in viscosity retention (%)
[0127] As shown in Table 5, the percent viscosity retention of
Formulation 11 (negative control) decreased after the heat
treatment (121.degree. C., 5 minutes). In contrast, Formulations 12
to 14, each containing D-sorbitol, exhibited a percent viscosity
retention higher than that of the negative control. As a result,
the above procedure has been found to be effective for evaluating
the action of D-sorbitol on suppressing a viscosity drop. In
addition, the viscosity drop-suppressing effect of sorbitol on the
composition of the present invention has been found to be exhibited
within a sorbitol concentration range of 0.1% to 1% (w/v).
[0128] Next, the viscosity drop suppressing action at higher
sorbitol concentration was investigated. Firstly, compositions
containing D-sorbitol at a concentration of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%,
4%, or 8% (w/v) were prepared in accordance with Example 1. Each of
the thus-prepared compositions was stored at 60.degree. C. for 14
days in the dark. The viscosity of the composition was measured at
the start of storage and on day 14 of storage, and percent
improvement in viscosity retention was calculated. As a result,
percent improvement in viscosity retention at D-sorbitol
concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, and 8% were 175%, 181%,
191%, 178%, 263%, and 300%, respectively. Thus, as the D-sorbitol
content increased, a drop in viscosity of the compositions was more
effectively suppressed.
[0129] The above experiments have revealed that the viscosity
drop-suppressing effect of D-sorbitol can be attained at least
within a wide sorbitol concentration range of 0.1% (1 mg/mL) to 8%
(80 mg/mL).
Example 4
Photostability Test
(1) Test Method
[0130] In accordance with Example 1, aqueous compositions of the
formulations shown in Table 6 were prepared. Each of the numerical
values in Table 6 represents an amount of each ingredient contained
in 1 mL of the composition. The symbol "-" indicates that the
composition does not contain the relevant ingredient.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Formulation Formulation Formulation
Ingredients 15 16 17 CS (mg) 40 40 40 HA (mg) 30 30 30 D-Sorbitol
(mg) -- 5 10
[0131] Each of the compositions of Formulations 15 to 17 was loaded
into a plastic syringe (product of Schott) and exposed to light at
1,200,000 lxhr. More specifically, the syringe was set in a
photostability tester (model: LT-120 D3J, product of Nagano
Science) and irradiated with light (2,000 lx/hr) for 25 days at
25.degree. C. The viscosity of the composition was measured before
and after light exposure in accordance with Example 1, and percent
viscosity retention was calculated. A syringe protected from light
with aluminum foil was employed as a control.
(2) Results
[0132] Table 7 shows the results.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Formulation Formulation Formulation 15 16 17
Additive None D-Sorbitol D-Sorbitol 0.5% (w/v) 1% (w/v) Light
protection No Yes No Yes No Yes Viscosity (Pa s), before 57.78
57.78 57.61 57.61 56.87 56.87 light exposure Viscosity (Pa s),
after 49.62 53.26 52.87 53.93 54.47 55.10 light exposure Viscosity
retention (%) 85.9 92.2 91.8 93.6 95.8 96.9
[0133] As shown in Table 7, a drop in viscosity due to light
exposure was suppressed in Formulations 16 and 17, containing
D-sorbitol, as compared with Formulation 15 (control). Thus, the
test has revealed that inclusion of D-sorbitol can enhance
stability of the composition against light.
Example 5
Long-Term Stability Test
(1) Test Method
[0134] An aqueous composition containing CS, HA, and D-sorbitol was
prepared in accordance with Example 1 and loaded into a syringe
(made of polyolefin). This syringe was stored in the dark at
25.degree. C. and an RH of 60%. At the start of storage and on
month 3, month 6, month 9, month 12, month 18, and month 24 of the
storage, the viscosity of the composition was measured in
accordance with Example 1, and percent viscosity retention was
calculated.
(2) Results
[0135] The percent viscosity retention values on month 3, month 6,
month 9, month 12, month 18, and month 24 of the storage were
95.5%, 96.7%, 94.6%, 93.9%, 93.9%, and 90.0%, respectively. That
is, high percent viscosity retention was observed. Thus, it has
been shown that the composition of the present invention can be
stably stored at room temperature for at least 24 months.
Example 6
Storage (at 40.degree. C.) Stability Test
(1) Test Method
[0136] An aqueous composition containing CS, HA, and D-sorbitol was
prepared in accordance with Example 1 and loaded into a syringe
(made of polyolefin). This syringe was stored in the dark at
40.degree. C. and an RH of .ltoreq.25%. At the start of storage and
6 months after the storage, the viscosity of the composition was
measured in accordance with Example 1, and percent viscosity
retention was calculated.
(2) Results
[0137] At month 6 after the start of storage, the percent viscosity
retention of the composition was 76.2%. That is, high percent
viscosity retention was observed. Thus, it has been shown that the
composition of the present invention exhibits high stability even
at 40.degree. C.
Example 7
Photostability Test
(1) Test Method
[0138] An aqueous composition containing CS, HA, and D-sorbitol was
prepared in accordance with Example 1 and loaded into a syringe
(made of polyolefin). This syringe was set in a photostability
tester (model: LT-120 D3J, product of Nagano Science) and
irradiated with light (2,000 lx/hr) for 25 days at 25.degree. C.
(light exposure dose: 1,200,000 lxhr, total near-UV radiation
energy: .gtoreq.200 Wh/m.sup.2). Before and after light exposure,
the viscosity of the composition was measured in accordance with
Example 1, and percent viscosity retention was calculated. A
syringe protected from light with aluminum toil was employed as a
control.
(2) Results
[0139] The percent viscosity retention values of the light exposure
group and the light-protected group (control) were 95.4% and 976%,
respectively. That is, high percent viscosity retention was
observed. Thus, it has been shown that the composition of the
present invention does not require light protection when being
stored.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
[0140] The composition of the present invention is industrially
applicable because it is a stabilized aqueous composition
containing CS and HA and therefore can be used as an ophthalmic
composition, particularly, as an ophthalmic surgical aid.
* * * * *