U.S. patent application number 15/752376 was filed with the patent office on 2019-01-03 for assembly for packaging and applying a liquid cosmetic product.
This patent application is currently assigned to L'OREAL. The applicant listed for this patent is L'OREAL. Invention is credited to Alain BERHAULT, Eric CAULIER, Marcel SANCHEZ.
Application Number | 20190000213 15/752376 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 54783810 |
Filed Date | 2019-01-03 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190000213 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
CAULIER; Eric ; et
al. |
January 3, 2019 |
ASSEMBLY FOR PACKAGING AND APPLYING A LIQUID COSMETIC PRODUCT
Abstract
The present invention relates to an assembly (1) for packaging
and applying a liquid cosmetic product (P) comprising, on the one
hand, a body forming a reservoir (3) which is intended to contain
the cosmetic product (P) to be applied and, on the other hand, an
applicator comprising an application member (5) that defines a
convex application surface (50) having at least one apex (51); the
body (2) which forms the reservoir comprising a housing capable of
receiving the application member (5) and of which a dividing wall
(8) with the reservoir has at least one through-orifice (9) in
direct fluid communication with the reservoir, said orifices being
located only at at least one end wall of the housing opposite the
vicinity of an apex of the application member when said application
member is in place in the housing of the body which forms a
reservoir, characterized in that the application member is produced
from an open-cell porous material.
Inventors: |
CAULIER; Eric; (CLICHY,
FR) ; BERHAULT; Alain; (CLICHY, FR) ; SANCHEZ;
Marcel; (CLICHY, FR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
L'OREAL |
Paris |
|
FR |
|
|
Assignee: |
L'OREAL
Paris
FR
|
Family ID: |
54783810 |
Appl. No.: |
15/752376 |
Filed: |
September 20, 2016 |
PCT Filed: |
September 20, 2016 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2016/072334 |
371 Date: |
February 13, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A45D 2200/1018 20130101;
A45D 34/045 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A45D 34/04 20060101
A45D034/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 25, 2015 |
FR |
1559092 |
Claims
1: An assembly for packaging and applying a liquid cosmetic product
comprising on the one hand, a body forming a reservoir which is
intended to contain the cosmetic product to be applied and, on the
other hand, an applicator comprising an application member that
defines a convex application surface having at least one apex; the
body which forms the reservoir comprising a housing capable of
receiving the application member and of which a dividing wall with
the reservoir has at least one through-orifice in direct fluid
communication with the reservoir, said orifices being located only
at at least one end wall of the housing opposite the vicinity of an
apex of the application member when said application member is in
place in the housing of the body which forms a reservoir, wherein
the application member is produced from an open-cell porous
material.
2: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the orifices are
located at an end wall of the housing corresponding to an absolute
apex of the application member, preferably only at said end
wall.
3: The assembly according to claim 1, therein the wall of the
housing has a single orifice.
4: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the wall of the
housing has a plurality of orifices.
5: The assembly according to claim 4, wherein the wall of the
housing comprises a plurality of orifices uniformly distributed
around the centre of the end wall.
6: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the wall of the
housing has a central orifice, located at the centre of the end
wall.
7: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein all or some of the
orifices have a substantially circular cross section.
8: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir
comprises at least one mixing element, in particular at least one
mixing bead.
9: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the application
member has an application surface that is at least partially
flocked, preferably completely flocked.
10: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the applicator is
configured to be fastened to the container when not in use, the
application member being received in the housing.
11: The assembly according to claim 1, therein the application
surface has no surface capable of forming a space with the wall of
the housing when the application member is received in the
housing.
12: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the application
member has a conical general shape, in particular with a rounded or
hemispherical tip.
13: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the orifices are
closed off by the application surface when the applicator is
fastened to the container.
14: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the application
surface deforms at least partially against the wall of the housing
when the applicator is fastened to the container, the application
member being slightly compressed.
15: The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir
comprises a liquid cosmetic product containing solid particles, in
particular pigments and/or nacres.
16: The assembly according to claim 15, wherein the reservoir
comprises a liquid cosmetic product which additionally comprises at
least 70% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition, of
at least one non-volatile oil or of a single-phase mixture of
several non-volatile oils, the composition comprising at least one
polar or non-polar non-volatile hydrocarbon-based oil; at least one
mineral thickener; at least one nonionic silicone surfactant.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to an assembly for packaging
and applying a liquid cosmetic product.
[0002] The expression "cosmetic product" is understood to mean any
product as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 30 Nov. 2009 on cosmetic
products.
[0003] The packaging and application assembly is intended more
particularly for the application of a cosmetic product to a human
keratin surface, such as the skin, the lips or the nails.
[0004] The development of formulations devoted to making up and/or
caring for the skin and/or lips, having satisfactory properties in
terms of application, of comfort, of wear property and of coverage,
but also in terms of make-up effect, such as for example the sheen,
is an ongoing objective.
[0005] Numerous packaging and application assemblies have been
developed to enable a satisfactory and comfortable application of
such fluid products.
[0006] Generally, an assembly for packaging and applying a cosmetic
product comprises, on the one hand, a body forming a reservoir
which is intended to contain the cosmetic product to be applied
and, on the other hand, an applicator comprising an application
member that defines an application surface intended to come into
contact with a body surface of the user.
[0007] As an example of an applicator, mention may be made of
document FR 2 872 999 which describes a packaging and application
assembly comprising an applicator, in particular for the lips,
referred to as a dip applicator.
[0008] An applicator is referred to as a dip applicator when the
loading with cosmetic product takes place by dipping or immersing
its application member in said cosmetic product.
[0009] The fact of dipping the applicator into the cosmetic product
allows high loading of the applicator. It is then in general
necessary to equip the reservoir with a wiping device that makes it
possible to eliminate the excess product. It is however common to
seek to increase the loading of the applicator, by providing for
example a central orifice.
[0010] Other packaging and application assemblies are also known
that aim to better control the loading of product on the
applicator.
[0011] By way of example, mention may in particular be made of
documents FR 2 832 297, FR 2 814 651 and FR 2 962 890.
[0012] Document FR 2 832 297 describes an assembly for packaging
and applying a cosmetic product comprising a reservoir, mounted on
which is a porous applicator member that is passed through by the
cosmetic product. The assembly comprises a cap which, in the closed
position, compresses the application member so as to create, on
opening, an effect of pumping the cosmetic product that facilitates
its diffusion through the application member.
[0013] Documents FR 2 814 651 and FR 2 962 890 show yet another way
of loading a product on the application member. More specifically,
documents FR 2 814 651 and FR 2 962 990 provide a body which forms
a reservoir, said body having a housing capable of receiving the
application member and of which a dividing wall with the reservoir
has at least one through-orifice in direct fluid communication with
said reservoir. By shaking or inverting the assembly, the cosmetic
product passes through the openings and impregnates the application
member directly on its application surface.
[0014] Document FR 2 814 651 targets an optimal and relatively
large loading of the application member. In order to do this,
document FR 2 814 651 provides a porous application member with
open porosity, the orifices for dispensing the cosmetic product
being arranged opposite a non-compressed application portion when
said application member is in place in the housing. The dispensing
orifices are distributed substantially over the entire application
surface.
[0015] Document FR 2 962 890 itself aims not to overload the
application member. In order to do this, document FR 2 962 890
provides the combination of precisely located orifices with an
application surface formed by a membrane that is not permeable to
the product.
[0016] Despite the many types of packaging and application
assemblies that have been developed, there is still a need for
assemblies that make it possible to improve the application
properties of certain cosmetic products.
[0017] The applicant has noticed in particular that certain
cosmetic product formulas still require the development of specific
applicators for optimizing their application to the user and their
makeup result thereon.
[0018] The packaging and application assembly targeted by the
present application is very particularly intended for the
application of a cosmetic product of lip oil type.
[0019] Such a composition, intended more particularly for making up
and/or caring for the lips is in a liquid form and comprises for
example at least 70% by weight of non-volatile oils, in particular
silicone oils, and coloured or colourless solid particles, for
example pigments and/or nacres.
[0020] Formulas intended for making up and/or caring for the lips
have been known for a very long time and are in varied forms,
ranging from fluid formulas such as glosses, to optionally
supported solid compositions in the form of a stick, or even
compositions in the form of a pencil.
[0021] In order to further diversify the compositions provided to
consumers, anhydrous or virtually anhydrous formulas, which are
even more fluid than the glosses, and which comprise high contents
of oils, that are very comfortable to wear, have emerged. However,
these formulas are available only in versions that are not very
coloured. This comes essentially from the fact that it is very
difficult to maintain high contents of particles in suspension in
this type of oily medium, without losing the attraction of such
compositions, which is precisely their great fluidity.
[0022] Indeed, with large amounts of pigments, nacres or fillers,
sedimentation of these particles is observed, resulting in the
formation of a relatively unattractive cake which can comprise
clumps of particles. The cake thus formed has the additional
drawback of being very cohesive. Thus, it cannot be easily
redispersed so as to again have a homogeneous composition.
Consequently, once the particles have sedimented, the composition
becomes virtually unusable and no longer makes it possible to
obtain a homogeneous deposit on the lips, which is not
acceptable.
[0023] Thus, in order to minimize the sedimentation problem, these
compositions comprise relatively low contents of solid particles.
But in this case, the number of shades that can be attained, and
also the intensity thereof, is limited. The compositions can also
comprise dyes, therefore species that are soluble in the medium in
which they are used. However, the number of dyes that can be used
in this field is relatively restricted, which does not allow a
great deal of extension of the range of colours proposed or of
their intensity, whether or not the dyes are combined with coloured
solid particles.
[0024] Besides the formulation difficulties mentioned above, this
type of cosmetic product that has a tendency to sediment also gives
rise to application difficulties that the current packaging and
application assemblies do not resolve in an optimal manner.
[0025] More specifically, taking into account the presence of solid
particles, the packaging assembly must in particular allow the
solid particles to be resuspended as a homogeneous suspension and
ensure a good loading of the applicator for an easy and precise
application with an optimal makeup effect.
[0026] Taking into account these constraints, the assemblies of
internal feed type in which the product must diffuse through the
application member are not suitable, since the diffusion does not
take place homogeneously.
[0027] Dip applicators are not optimal either since resuspending
the particles homogeneously in the cosmetic product is difficult.
Furthermore, considering the high colouring power of the pigmented
compositions and the high oil contents in the compositions of lip
oil type, it is advisable to be able to control the loading of the
applicator. In case of excessive loading, it is advantageous for
the user to be able to tone down the skin or lip surface in
question with a surface of the applicator that is not loaded or
that is loaded relatively little.
[0028] A device as described in document FR 2 814 651 has not
proved satisfactory either, although it allows a relatively easy
resuspension by simple manual shaking of the bottle.
[0029] Although document FR 2 962 890 mentions compositions that
may contain pigments, it has turned out that such an assembly does
not give satisfactory results. One problem is in particular that
such an applicator unloads the formula very rapidly.
[0030] The present invention aims to attain all or some of these
objectives and for this purpose proposes an assembly for packaging
and applying a liquid cosmetic product comprising, on the one hand,
a body forming a reservoir which is intended to contain the
cosmetic product to be applied and, on the other hand, an
applicator comprising an application member that defines a convex
application surface having at least one apex.
[0031] The body which forms a reservoir comprises a housing capable
of receiving the application member and of which a dividing wall
with the reservoir has at least one through-orifice in direct fluid
communication with the reservoir. Said orifices are located only at
at least one end wall of the housing opposite the vicinity of an
apex of the application member when said application member is in
place in the housing of the body which forms a reservoir.
[0032] The packaging and application assembly is characterized in
that the application member is produced from an open-cell porous
material.
[0033] The presence of an application member defining a convex
application surface having an apex or a tip, enables in particular
a precise application of the product.
[0034] The orifices made in the wall of the housing for receiving
the application member enable in particular the loading of the
application member with cosmetic product, in particular during a
shaking or an inverting of the reservoir.
[0035] The expression "orifice located only at at least one end
wall of the housing" is understood to mean that the remainder of
the dividing wall is solid, i.e. not perforated.
[0036] Thus, by combining one or more dispensing orifices in direct
fluid communication that are positioned in a very localized manner
with a porous application surface, the applicant surprisingly
observed that the targeted packaging and application assembly
enabled a precise, comfortable and homogeneous application of the
cosmetic product contained in the reservoir, in particular for
cosmetic products containing solid particles such as nacres and/or
pigments.
[0037] As is known, the use of very localized orifices makes it
possible to limit the passage of the product through the dividing
wall and thus to obtain a precise dose of product without
overloading the applicator.
[0038] Within the context of a use with a liquid cosmetic product
that contains solid particles, and that has in particular a
tendency to sediment or to phase separate, the applicant became
aware that, contrary to what it believed, the presence of localized
orifices opposite the application tip of the application member
made it possible to collect an amount of formula that is much more
homogeneous than if they were distributed opposite the entire
application surface. Thus, even though they are localized as
sieving medium and at the tip of the applicator, a loading of the
porous applicator with homogeneous product is still obtained.
[0039] Without wishing to be tied to any one theory, the applicant
believes that the use of an application surface made from an
open-cell porous material greatly facilitates the retention of
solid particles such as pigments and nacres whilst the excess
solvent, and in particular oil, may diffuse more easily through the
material. The difference in migration between the solvent phase and
the solid particles thus appears to provide particularly
advantageous makeup properties.
[0040] This results in a concentration of the pigment and nacre
type particles around the application tip. This allows a precise
application, which does not run, and that has great coverage.
[0041] The rest of the application surface, in particular a
peripheral or lateral zone, may be used to tone down the product
applied and refine the makeup.
[0042] The solvent phase, in particular the oil, having diffuse
through the porous applicator, contributes to a great softness of
application over the entire application surface.
[0043] Direct fluid communication is understood to mean that the
orifice is not combined with any selective-opening dispensing means
of pump or aerosol type that makes it possible to force the passage
of the cosmetic product through said orifice. The loading of the
application member takes place by simple shaking or inverting of
the reservoir.
[0044] This does not prevent the use of a selective-closure
mechanism that makes it possible in particular to ensure the
leaktightness of the reservoir when it is not used, the passage of
the product through the orifice remaining unforced.
[0045] By "vicinity of an apex of the application member" the
present application targets an apex portion extending close to the
point-shaped geometric apex. It could be considered that the
orifices are located in a zone around the geometric apex
representing at most 5% or even 10% of the total surface of the
application surface.
[0046] Preferentially, the orifices are located at an end wall of
the housing corresponding to an absolute apex of the application
member, preferably only at said end wall.
[0047] According to a first embodiment variant, the wall of the
housing has a single orifice.
[0048] According to a second embodiment variant, the wall of the
housing has a plurality of orifices.
[0049] The presence of a plurality of orifices makes it possible to
retain orifices of relatively small size making it possible to
ensure the passage of an amount of product that is as homogeneous
as possible, while ensuring a total passage area that is sufficient
for good loading of the application member, after for example only
a few shaking movements. In addition, the size of the orifices is
also determined as a function of the size of the solid particles so
as to prevent or limit clogging phenomena.
[0050] In the case of several orifices, the latter are
preferentially uniformly distributed around the centre of the end
wall. This makes it possible to ensure an optimal loading of the
application tip.
[0051] In an advantageously complementary manner, the wall of the
housing has a central orifice, located at the centre of the end
wall. The centre of the end wall is understood to mean the point
opposite the geometric apex of the applicator.
[0052] According to one preferred embodiment, all or some of the
orifices have a substantially circular cross section. Such a cross
section of circular shape is very suitable for avoiding clogging
phenomena. Where appropriate, depending on the particles used,
other cross sections may be envisaged.
[0053] In an advantageously complementary manner, the reservoir
comprises at least one mixing element, in particular at least one
mixing bead. The characteristics of the mixing element, such as the
weight or the size will be chosen as a function of the
sedimentation properties of the cosmetic product.
[0054] Preferentially, the application member has an application
surface that is at least partially flocked, preferably completely
flocked. Besides the great softness of application, the flock
fibres also help with the retaining of the particles and improve
the diffusion thereof.
[0055] Advantageously, the applicator is configured to be fastened
to the container when not in use, the application member being
received in the housing. Thus the applicator makes it possible to
close the reservoir.
[0056] Preferentially, the application surface has no surface, in
particular no concavity, capable of forming a space with the wall
of the housing when the application member is received in the
housing. In particular, the application surface has no concavity
opposite the orifices. Indeed, the presence of a concavity would be
capable of leading to the formation of a cavity between the
applicator and the dividing wall of the housing, inside which
cavity product could settle, which is undesirable.
[0057] Preferably, the application member has a conical general
shape, in particular with a rounded or hemispherical tip. Such a
shape is particularly suitable for an application to the lips.
[0058] More preferably, the orifices are closed off by the
application surface when the applicator is fastened to the
container. This makes it possible to avoid any leak of product
through the orifices when the applicator is in the closed
position.
[0059] In an advantageously complementary manner, the application
surface deforms at least partially against the wall of the housing
when the applicator is fastened to the container, the application
member being slightly compressed. Thus, it is possible, as a
function of the characteristics of the cosmetic product, to place
the application member slightly under compression in order to add a
pump effect that makes it possible to facilitate the diffusion of
the product and in particular the adsorption of the solvent phase
or oil. This compression also improves the closing off of the
orifices by the application member.
[0060] The present application also relates to a packaging and
application assembly characterized in that the reservoir comprises
a liquid cosmetic product containing solid particles, in particular
pigments and/or nacres or even waxes.
[0061] In particular, the cosmetic product comprises at least 70%
by weight, relative to the weight of the composition, of at least
one non-volatile oil or of a single-phase mixture of several
non-volatile oils, the composition comprising at least one polar or
non-polar non-volatile hydrocarbon-based oil, at least one mineral
thickener and at least one nonionic silicone surfactant and at
least coloured or colourless solid particles.
[0062] The present invention will be understood better from reading
the following detailed description with regard to the appended
drawing, in which:
[0063] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation, in longitudinal cross
section, of a packaging and application assembly according to the
invention,
[0064] FIG. 2 is a schematic representation, in longitudinal cross
section, of an application member equipping the assembly from FIG.
1,
[0065] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation, in longitudinal cross
section, of a ring forming a housing for the application member
from FIG. 2,
[0066] FIG. 4 is a top-view schematic representation of the ring
from FIG. 3. FIG. 1 shows an assembly 1 for packaging and applying
a liquid cosmetic product P.
[0067] The assembly 1 comprises a body 2 forming a reservoir 3
containing a cosmetic product P to be applied and an applicator 4
comprising an application member 5 that defines a convex
application surface 50 having at least one apex 51.
[0068] The body 2 has a free upper edge 21 delimiting an opening 22
of said reservoir 3. More specifically, the opening 22 is situated
at a free upper end of a neck 24 of the body 2.
[0069] The body 2 has rotational symmetry. The opening 22 has a
circular cross section. Obviously other shapes can be
envisaged.
[0070] The body 2 has, at the opening 22, a housing 7 capable of
receiving the application member 5, said housing 7 being at least
partially delimited by a dividing wall 8 with the reservoir 3.
[0071] In accordance with the present application, the dividing
wall 8 has at least one through-orifice 9 in direct fluid
communication with the reservoir 3.
[0072] The dividing wall 8 may be added on to the reservoir 3, as
illustrated, or be made from a single part by moulding with the
body of the reservoir.
[0073] In this case, the dividing wall 8 is borne by a ring 60
surmounting the opening 22.
[0074] The ring 60 may be mounted on the body 2 by any means, in
particular by clip-fastening or adhesive bonding. It may or may not
be removable.
[0075] In this case, the ring 60 is capable of engaging with the
neck 24.
[0076] In order to do this, the ring 60 comprises an outer
peripheral wall 61 and an inner peripheral wall 62 together
defining a mounting skirt.
[0077] The mounting skirt also provides leaktightness to the
product.
[0078] Alternatively, a ring as represented in FIG. 10J of document
FR 2 962 890 can also be envisaged.
[0079] The applicator 4 comprises uppermost a gripping portion 41
onto which the application member 5 is mounted.
[0080] The gripping portion 41 forms a cap and is capable of
engaging in a removable manner with an upper peripheral wall 63 of
the ring 60 thus closing the reservoir 3 in a leaktight manner.
More particularly, the peripheral wall 63 of the ring 60 bears an
outer thread 64 capable of cooperating with a complementary inner
threading 65 of the gripping portion.
[0081] When not in use, and when the gripping portion 41 is screwed
onto the ring 60, the application member 5 is received in the
housing 7 (FIG. 1).
[0082] In accordance with the present application, the application
member 5 is made from an open-cell porous material, for example
from a foam.
[0083] In particular, the application member 5 is made from a
polyurethane foam, in particular of S90 type (DIN 4102-9
standard).
[0084] The application member 5 is mounted on the gripping portion
41 by any known means, in particular by fitting, clip-fastening or
snap-fastening.
[0085] In this case, the application member 5 has a substantially
cylindrical foot 55 which is introduced inside a corresponding
shaft 42 of the gripping portion. An end wall 43 of the shaft 42
increases the attachment area. The end wall 43 also ensures that
translational movement is blocked.
[0086] On the opposite side from the foot 55, the application
member 5 has a head 56 that defines the application surface 51. The
head 56 has a conical general shape. The head 56 has a free end or
rounded tip forming the apex 51. In this case, the apex 51 is
consequently an absolute apex.
[0087] The head 56 has a base that has a diameter slightly larger
than the diameter of the foot 55 and thus has a shoulder 57 capable
of bearing against an edge of the shaft 42. This shoulder 57 makes
it possible in particular to give the application member a better
hold.
[0088] The housing 7 is shaped so as to have a shape that is
substantially complementary to the head 56.
[0089] As can be seen in FIG. 1, when the applicator 4 is fastened
to the reservoir 3 and the application member 5 is in place in the
housing, the apex 51 is slightly compressed.
[0090] It will also be noted that the application surface 51 is
flocked. For the application of the flock, use will be made of a
glue that is relatively rigid after drying. Thus, by drying, the
glue helps to rigidify the application member 5.
[0091] As indicated above, the housing 7 is in communication with
the inside of the reservoir 3 by means of the perforated dividing
wall 8, which is perforated by the permanently open orifices 9.
[0092] In accordance with the present application, the orifices 9
are located only at at least one end wall of the housing opposite
the vicinity of the apex 51 of the application member 5 when said
application member 5 is in place in the housing 7 of the body 2
which forms a reservoir 3.
[0093] In this case, the wall 8 comprises three orifices 9. The
orifices 9 are regularly distributed close to and around the centre
of the end of the wall 8. The orifices have a substantially
circular cross section. In this case, the diameter of the orifices
is 1.5 mm.
[0094] The total area of the orifice(s) is thus around 5.3
mm.sup.2. Preferably, the total area of the openings is less than
5.5 mm.sup.2. The total area of each opening is also sufficient to
limit or even prevent clogging phenomena.
[0095] The centre of each orifice 9 is located at a distance of 4.5
mm from the centre of the end wall corresponding to the apex 51 of
the application member. Preferably, the orifices are located at
less than 5 mm from the centre of the end wall.
[0096] The application member 5 advantageously closes off all the
orifices of the wall 8 when the applicator 4 is in place on the
reservoir 3. This may be useful for preventing excess product from
spilling into the housing when the applicator closes the
latter.
[0097] Advantageously, the reservoir 3 comprises at least one
mixing element, in particular at least one mixing bead (not
represented). During the shaking or inverting, the bead makes it
possible to facilitate the homogenization of the product or even
the resuspension of the particles where appropriate.
[0098] According to one embodiment, the reservoir comprises a
liquid cosmetic product containing solid particles, in particular
pigments and/or nacres.
[0099] Preferentially Combined Cosmetic Composition
[0100] As indicated above, the cosmetic product (composition) is in
the form of a liquid at ambient temperature (25.degree. C.) and
atmospheric pressure (1.013.times.10.sup.5 Pa). More particularly,
the viscosity of the composition varies between 0.2 and 0.8 Pas,
preferably between 0.3 and 0.7 Pas. The viscosity measurement is
generally carried out at 25.degree. C. using a Rheomat RM180
viscometer equipped with a No. 2 spindle, the measurement being
carried out after rotating the spindle within the composition for
10 minutes (after which time stabilization of the viscosity and of
the rotational speed of the spindle is observed), at 200
revolutions/min (rpm).
[0101] Non-Volatile Oils
[0102] The composition therefore comprises at least 70% by weight,
relative to the weight of the composition, of at least one
non-volatile oil or of a single-phase mixture of several
non-volatile oils, at least one of which being chosen from polar or
non-polar hydrocarbon-based oils.
[0103] The mixture is said to be single-phase when no phase
separation is observed by eye or under a phase-contrast microscope,
at ambient temperature (25.degree. C.) after homogenization at
temperature and mixing on a Rayneri mixer (550 rpm, 10 minutes) and
storage while left to stand in a closed receptacle at ambient
temperature for 24 hours (and atmospheric pressure). Under these
conditions, the term stable single-phase mixture is used.
[0104] More particularly, for the purposes of the invention, the
word "oil" denotes non-aqueous compounds that are liquid at
25.degree. C. and atmospheric pressure (1.013.times.10.sup.5 Pa),
and water-immiscible. The term "immiscible" is intended to mean
that the mixing of the same amount of water and oil, after mixing
(for example Rayneri 550 rpm; 10 minutes), does not result in a
stable solution comprising just one phase, under normal temperature
and pressure conditions.
[0105] The term "non-volatile oil" is intended to mean an oil of
which the vapour pressure at 25.degree. C. and atmospheric pressure
is non-zero and is less than 0.02 mmHg (2.66 Pa) and better still
less than 10.sup.-3 mmHg (0.13 Pa).
[0106] The term "hydrocarbon-based oil" is intended to mean an oil
formed essentially from, or even constituted of, carbon and
hydrogen atoms, and optionally oxygen and nitrogen atoms, and not
containing any silicon or fluorine atoms.
[0107] For the purposes of the present invention, the term
"non-polar oil" is intended to mean an oil chosen from
hydrocarbons, i.e. from compounds comprising only carbon and
hydrogen atoms.
[0108] Non Polar Non-Volatile Hydrocarbon-Based Oils
[0109] These oils may be of plant, mineral or synthetic origin.
[0110] More particularly, the non-polar non-volatile
hydrocarbon-based oil(s) can be chosen from linear or branched
hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin.
[0111] For example, the following are suitable for carrying out the
present invention: [0112] liquid paraffins, [0113] squalane, [0114]
isohexadecane, [0115] isoeicosane, [0116] naphthalene oil, [0117]
polybutenes, for instance Indopol H-100 (molar mass or MW=965
g/mol), Indopol H-300 (MW=1340 g/mol) and Indopol H-1500 (MW=2160
g/mol) sold or manufactured by the company Amoco, [0118]
polyisobutenes, hydrogenated polyisobutenes, for instance
Parleam.RTM. sold by the company Nippon Oil Fats, Panalane H-300 E
sold or manufactured by the company Amoco (MW=1340 g/mol), Viseal
20000 sold or manufactured by the company Synteal (MW=6000 g/mol)
and Rewopal PIB 1000 sold or manufactured by the company Witco
(MW=1000 g/mol), or alternatively Parleam Lite sold by NOF
Corporation, [0119] decene/butene copolymers and
polybutene/polyisobutene copolymers, in particular Indopol L-14,
[0120] polydecenes and hydrogenated polydecenes, for instance:
Puresyn 10 (MW=723 g/mol) and Puresyn 150 (MW=9200 g/mol) sold or
manufactured by the company Mobil Chemicals, or alternatively
Puresyn 6 sold by ExxonMobil Chemical, [0121] and mixtures
thereof.
[0122] Polar Non-Volatile Hydrocarbon-Based Oils
[0123] These polar hydrocarbon-based oils are thus formed from
carbon and hydrogen atoms, and comprise at least one or more oxygen
or nitrogen atoms, but are free of silicon or fluorine atoms.
[0124] They consequently contain at least one group chosen from
alcohol, ester, ether, carboxylic acid, amine and/or amide
functions.
[0125] Preferably, the polar non-volatile hydrocarbon-based oils
are, in addition to being free of silicon and fluorine, free of
heteroatoms such as nitrogen and phosphorus.
[0126] In the present case, the polar non-volatile
hydrocarbon-based oils therefore comprise one or more oxygen atoms
as heteroatom.
[0127] In particular, the polar non-volatile hydrocarbon-based
oil(s) comprise at least one alcohol function (it is then an
"alcohol oil") or at least one ester function (it is then an "ester
oil"). It should be noted that the ester oils may in particular be
hydroxylated.
[0128] The composition may comprise one or more non-volatile
hydrocarbon-based oils, in particular chosen from: [0129] saturated
or unsaturated, branched or non-branched C.sub.10-C.sub.26, in
particular C.sub.10-C.sub.24 and preferably C.sub.12-C.sub.22
alcohols, more particularly monoalcohols.
[0130] Advantageously, the C.sub.10-C.sub.26 alcohols are fatty
monoalcohols, which are preferably branched when they comprise at
least 16 carbon atoms.
[0131] As examples of fatty alcohols that may be used, mention may
be made of linear or branched fatty alcohols, of synthetic origin
or alternatively of natural origin, for instance alcohols derived
from plant material (coconut, palm kernel, palm, etc.) or animal
material (tallow, etc.).
[0132] Needless to say, other long-chain alcohols may also be used,
for instance ether alcohols or alternatively "Guerbet"
alcohols.
[0133] Finally, use may also be made of certain fractions of
alcohols of varying length of natural origin, for instance coconut
(C.sub.12 to C.sub.16) or tallow (C.sub.16 to C.sub.18) or
compounds of diol or cholesterol type.
[0134] As particular examples of fatty alcohols that may preferably
be used, mention may be made in particular of lauryl alcohol,
isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, 2-butyloctanol,
2-undecylpentadecanol, 2-hexyldecyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol and
octyldodecanol, and mixtures thereof.
[0135] According to an advantageous embodiment, the alcohol is
octyldodecanol. [0136] optionally hydroxylated monoesters, diesters
or triesters of a C.sub.2-C.sub.8 monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic
acid and of a C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alcohol.
[0137] In particular: [0138] optionally hydroxylated monoesters of
a C.sub.2-C.sub.8 carboxylic acid and of a C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alcohol,
[0139] optionally hydroxylated diesters of a C.sub.2-C.sub.8
dicarboxylic acid and of a C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alcohol, such as, for
example, diisopropyl adipate, 2-diethylhexyl adipate, dibutyl
adipate or 2-diethylhexyl succinate, [0140] optionally hydroxylated
triesters of a C.sub.2-C.sub.8 tricarboxylic acid and of a
C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alcohol, such as, for example, citric acid esters,
such as trioctyl citrate, triethyl citrate, acetyl tributyl
citrate, tributyl citrate or acetyl tributyl citrate; [0141] esters
of a C.sub.2-C.sub.8 polyol and of one or more C.sub.2-C.sub.8
carboxylic acids, such as glycol diesters of monoacids, such as in
particular neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, propylene glycol
dioctanoate, or glycerol triesters of monoacids, such as triacetin;
[0142] ester oils, in particular containing at least 18 carbon
atoms and even more particularly between 18 and 70 carbon
atoms.
[0143] Examples that may be mentioned include monoesters, diesters
or triesters.
[0144] The ester oils may be hydroxylated or non-hydroxylated.
[0145] Thus, the non-volatile ester oil may be chosen, for example,
from: [0146] monoesters comprising at least 18 carbon atoms and
even more particularly comprising between 18 and 40 carbon atoms in
total, in particular the monoesters of formula R.sub.1COOR.sub.2 in
which R.sub.1 represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or
branched or aromatic fatty acid residue comprising from 4 to 35
carbon atoms and R.sub.2 represents a hydrocarbon-based chain,
which is in particular branched, containing from 4 to 35 carbon
atoms, on condition that the sum of the carbon atoms of the
radicals R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is greater than or equal to 18, for
instance Purcellin oil (cetostearyl octanoate), isononyl
isononanoate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, octyldodecyl neopentanoate,
2-octyldodecyl stearate, 2-octyldodecyl erucate, isostearyl
isostearate, C.sub.12-C.sub.15 alkyl benzoates, such as
2-octyldodecyl benzoate, alcohol or polyalcohol octanoates,
decanoates or ricinoleates, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl
palmitate, butyl stearate, hexyl laurate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate,
2-hexyldecyl laurate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate or 2-octyldodecyl
myristate;
[0147] Preferably, they are esters of formula R.sub.1COOR.sub.2 in
which R.sub.1 represents a linear or branched fatty acid residue
comprising from 4 to 35 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 represents a
hydrocarbon-based chain that is in particular branched, containing
from 4 to 35 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being such that the
sum of the carbon atoms of the radicals R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is
greater than or equal to 18. [0148] monoesters, in particular
containing at least 18 carbon atoms and even more particularly from
18 to 22 carbon atoms, of a fatty acid in particular such as
lanolic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid or stearic acid, and of diols
such as glycols, for instance propylene glycol monoisostearate;
[0149] diesters, in particular containing at least 18 carbon atoms
and even more particularly comprising between 18 and 60 carbon
atoms in total and in particular between 18 and 50 carbon atoms in
total. Use may be made in particular of diesters of a dicarboxylic
acid and of monoalcohols comprising more than 8 carbon atoms,
preferably such as diisostearyl malate, diisostearyl adipate; or
glycol diesters of monocarboxylic acids, such as, for example,
neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, diethylene glycol diisononanoate; or
polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate (in particular such as the compound
sold under the commercial reference Dermol DGDIS by the company
Akzo); [0150] hydroxylated monoesters and diesters, preferably with
a total carbon number of at least 18 carbon atoms and even more
particularly ranging from 18 to 70, such as in particular
polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, isostearyl lactate, octyl
hydroxystearate, octyldodecyl hydroxystearate, diisostearyl malate
or glyceryl stearate; [0151] triesters, in particular containing at
least 35 carbon atoms and even more particularly comprising between
35 and 70 carbon atoms in total, in particular such as triesters of
a tricarboxylic acid, such as, for example, triisostearyl citrate,
or tridecyl trimellitate, or glyceryl triesters of monocarboxylic
acids such as polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate; [0152] tetraesters, in
particular containing at least 35 carbon atoms and even more
particularly with a total carbon number ranging from 35 to 70, such
as, for example, pentaerythrityl or polyglyceryl tetraesters of a
monocarboxylic acid, for instance pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate,
pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate, pentaerythrityl
tetraisononanoate, glyceryl tris(2-decyl)tetradecanoate,
polyglyceryl-2 tetraisostearate or pentaerythrityl
tetrakis(2-decyl)tetradecanoate; [0153] polyesters obtained by
condensation of an unsaturated fatty acid dimer and/or trimer and
of diols such as those described in patent application FR 0 853
634. In particular, the unsaturated fatty acid dimer may comprise
from 28 to 44 carbon atoms, 2 carboxylic acid functions and 2 to 4
unsaturations; the unsaturated fatty acid trimer may comprise from
42 to 66 carbon atoms, 3 carboxylic acid functions and also 3 to 6
unsaturations. Preferably, use is made of an unsaturated fatty acid
dimer, in particular containing 36 carbon atoms and 2 carboxylic
acid functions. Mixtures of unsaturated fatty acid dimers and
trimers and/or of unsaturated fatty acid (not polymerized, thus
corresponding to a monomer) may also be used. Moreover, the diol
comprises from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and two hydroxyl functions. In
particular, mention may be made of esters of dilinoleic acid and of
1,4-butanediol or propanediol. Mention may in particular be made in
this respect of the polymer sold by Biosynthis under the name
Viscoplast 14436H (INCI name: dilinoleic acid/butanediol
copolymer), or else copolymers of polyols and of diacid dimers, and
esters thereof, such as Hailucent ISDA; [0154] esters and
polyesters of diol dimer and of monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic
acid, such as esters of diol dimer and of fatty acid and esters of
diol dimer and of dicarboxylic acid dimer, in particular which may
be obtained from a dicarboxylic acid dimer derived in particular
from the dimerization of an unsaturated fatty acid in particular of
C.sub.8 to C.sub.34, in particular of C.sub.16 to C.sub.20 and more
particularly esters of dilinoleic diacids and of dilinoleic diol
dimers, for example sold by the company Nippon Fine Chemical under
the trade names Lusplan DD-DA50 and DD-DA7.RTM.; [0155] polyesters
resulting from the esterification of at least one triglyceride of
hydroxylated carboxylic acid(s) with an aliphatic monocarboxylic
acid and with an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, which is optionally
unsaturated, for instance the succinic acid and isostearic acid
castor oil sold under the reference Zenigloss by Zenitech; [0156]
triglyceride oils of natural or synthetic origin, for instance
hydrocarbon-based plant oils such as, for example, jojoba oil; and
unsaturated triglycerides such as castor oil, olive oil, ximenia
oil or pracaxi oil; fatty acid triglycerides (which are liquid at
ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure), in particular of
fatty acids, which are saturated or unsaturated, containing at
least 7 carbon atoms and even more particularly containing from 7
to 40 carbon atoms, such as heptanoic or octanoic acid
triglycerides or saturated triglycerides such as caprylic/capric
acid triglyceride and mixtures thereof, for example such as the
product sold under the reference Myritol 318 from Cognis, glyceryl
triheptanoate, glyceryl trioctanoate, and C.sub.18-36 acid
triglycerides such as those sold under the reference Dub TGI 24 by
Stearineries Dubois; [0157] vinylpyrrolidone/1-hexadecene
copolymers, for instance the product sold under the name Antaron
V-216 (also known as Ganex V216) by the company ISP; [0158]
C.sub.12-C.sub.26 fatty acids, preferably C.sub.12-C.sub.22 fatty
acids, which are preferably unsaturated, such as oleic acid,
linoleic acid or linolenic acid, and mixtures thereof; [0159]
dialkyl carbonates, the 2 alkyl chains possibly being identical or
different, such as dicaprylyl carbonate sold under the name Cetiol
CC.RTM. by Cognis; [0160] and mixtures thereof.
[0161] Non-Volatile Phenyl Silicone Oils
[0162] The composition may optionally comprise at least one
non-volatile phenyl silicone oil.
[0163] The expression "phenyl silicone oil" denotes a silicone oil
bearing at least one phenyl substituent.
[0164] These non-volatile phenyl silicone oils may be chosen from
those also bearing at least one dimethicone fragment, or from those
not bearing any.
[0165] The term "dimethicone fragment" denotes a divalent siloxane
group in which the silicon atom bears two methyl radicals, this
group not being located at the ends of the molecule. It may be
represented by the following formula:
--(Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O)--.
[0166] The non-volatile phenyl silicone oil may thus be chosen
from:
[0167] a) phenyl silicone oils optionally having a dimethicone
fragment corresponding to formula (I) below:
##STR00001##
[0168] in which the groups R, which are monovalent or divalent,
represent, independently of each other, a methyl, methylene, phenyl
or phenylene, with the proviso that at least one group R represents
a phenyl.
[0169] More particularly, the phenyl silicone oil of formula (I)
comprises at least three, for example at least four, advantageously
at least five or at least six, phenyl groups;
[0170] b) phenyl silicone oils optionally bearing a dimethicone
fragment corresponding to formula (II) below:
##STR00002##
[0171] in which the groups R represent, independently of each
other, a methyl or a phenyl, with the proviso that at least one
group R represents a phenyl.
[0172] Preferably, in this formula, the compound of formula (II)
comprises at least three, for example at least four or at least
five, phenyl groups.
[0173] Mixtures of different phenyl silicone compounds described
previously may be used.
[0174] Among the compounds of formula (II), mention may
particularly be made of phenyl silicone oils not bearing any
dimethicone fragments with at least 4 or at least 5 radicals R
representing a phenyl radical, the remaining radicals representing
methyls.
[0175] Such non-volatile phenyl silicone oils are preferably
trimethylpentaphenyltrisiloxane or
tetramethyltetraphenyltrisiloxane, for example PH-1555 HRI or Dow
Corning 555 Cosmetic Fluid (INCI name: trimethyl
pentaphenyltrisiloxane), and Dow Corning 554 Cosmetic Fluid by Dow
Corning (INCI name: tetramethyl-tetraphenyl-trisiloxane), sold by
the company Dow Corning.
[0176] They correspond in particular to the following formulae
(III), (III'):
##STR00003##
[0177] in which Me represents methyl, and Ph represents phenyl.
[0178] c) phenyl silicone oils bearing at least one dimethicone
fragment corresponding to formula (IV) below:
##STR00004## [0179] in which Me represents methyl, y is between 1
and 1000 and X represents --CH.sub.2--CH(CH.sub.3)(Ph).
[0180] d) phenyl silicone oils corresponding to formula (V) below,
and mixtures thereof:
##STR00005##
[0181] in which: [0182] R.sub.1 to R.sub.10, independently of each
other, are saturated or unsaturated, linear, cyclic or branched
C.sub.1-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon-based radicals, [0183] m, n, p and q
are, independently of each other, integers between 0 and 900, with
the proviso that the sum m+n+q is other than 0.
[0184] Preferably, the sum m+n+q is between 1 and 100.
Advantageously, the sum m+n+p+q is between 1 and 900 and preferably
between 1 and 800.
[0185] Preferably, q is equal to 0.
[0186] More particularly, R.sub.1 to R.sub.10, independently of
each other, represent a saturated or unsaturated, preferably
saturated, linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon-based
radical, and in particular a preferably saturated C.sub.1-C.sub.20,
in particular C.sub.1-C.sub.18, hydrocarbon-based radical, or a
monocyclic or polycyclic C.sub.6-C.sub.14, and in particular
C.sub.10-C.sub.13, aryl radical, or an aralkyl radical, the alkyl
part of which is preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl.
[0187] Preferably, R.sub.1 to R.sub.10 may each represent a methyl,
ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, decyl, dodecyl or octadecyl
radical, or alternatively a phenyl, tolyl, benzyl or phenethyl
radical. R.sub.1 to R.sub.10 may in particular be identical, and in
addition may be a methyl radical.
[0188] According to a first more particular embodiment of formula
(V), mention may be made of:
[0189] i) phenyl silicone oils optionally bearing at least one
dimethicone fragment corresponding to formula (VI) below, and
mixtures thereof:
##STR00006##
[0190] in which: [0191] R.sub.1 to R.sub.6, independently of each
other, are saturated or unsaturated, linear, cyclic or branched
C.sub.1-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon-based radicals, a preferably
C.sub.6-C.sub.14 aryl radical or an aralkyl radical, the alkyl part
of which is C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl, [0192] m, n and p are,
independently of each other, integers between 0 and 100, with the
proviso that the sum n+m is between 1 and 100.
[0193] Preferably, R.sub.1 to R.sub.6, independently of each other,
represent a C.sub.1-C.sub.20, in particular C.sub.1-C.sub.18,
hydrocarbon-based, preferably alkyl, radical, or a C.sub.6-C.sub.14
aryl radical which is monocyclic (preferably C.sub.6) or polycyclic
and in particular C.sub.10-C.sub.13, or an aralkyl radical
(preferably the aryl part is C.sub.6 aryl; the alkyl part is
C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl).
[0194] Preferably, R.sub.1 to R.sub.6 may each represent a methyl,
ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, decyl, dodecyl or octadecyl
radical, or alternatively a phenyl, tolyl, benzyl or phenethyl
radical.
[0195] R.sub.1 to R.sub.6 may in particular be identical, and in
addition may be a methyl radical. Preferably, m=1 or 2 or 3, and/or
n=0 and/or p=0 or 1 may be applied, in formula (VI).
[0196] Preferably, use may be made of oils corresponding to
compounds of formula (VI) in which:
[0197] A) m=0 and n and p are, independently of each other,
integers between 1 and 100.
[0198] Preferably, R.sub.1 to R.sub.6 are methyl radicals.
[0199] According to this embodiment, the silicone oil is preferably
chosen from a diphenyl dimethicone such as KF-54 from Shin-Etsu
(400 cSt), KF54HV from Shin-Etsu (5000 cSt), KF-50-300CS from
Shin-Etsu (300 cSt), KF-53 from Shin-Etsu (175 cSt) or KF-50-100CS
from Shin-Etsu (100 cSt).
[0200] B) p is between 1 and 100, the sum n+m is between 1 and 100,
and n=0.
[0201] These phenyl silicone oils optionally bearing at least one
dimethicone fragment correspond more particularly to formula (VII)
below:
##STR00007##
[0202] in which Me is methyl and Ph is phenyl, OR' represents a
group
[0203] --OSiMe.sub.3 and p is 0 or is between 1 and 1000, and m is
between 1 and 1000. In particular, m and p are such that compound
(VII) is a non-volatile oil.
[0204] According to a first embodiment of non-volatile phenyl
silicone bearing at least one dimethicone fragment, p is between 1
and 1000. m is more particularly such that the compound (VII) is a
non-volatile oil. Use may be made, for example, of
trimethylsiloxyphenyl dimethicone, sold in particular under the
reference Belsil PDM 1000 by the company Wacker.
[0205] According to a second embodiment of non-volatile phenyl
silicone not bearing a dimethicone fragment, p is equal to 0. m is
between 1 and 1000, and in particular is such that the compound
(VII) is a non-volatile oil.
[0206] Phenyltrimethylsiloxytrisiloxane, sold in particular under
the reference Dow Corning 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid (DC556) by the
company Dow Corning, may, for example, be used.
[0207] ii) non-volatile phenyl silicone oils not bearing a
dimethicone fragment corresponding to formula (VIII) below, and
mixtures thereof:
##STR00008##
[0208] in which: [0209] R, independently of each other, are
saturated or unsaturated, linear, cyclic or branched
C.sub.1-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon-based radicals, preferably R is a
C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkyl radical, preferably a C.sub.6-C.sub.14 aryl
radical, or an aralkyl radical, the alkyl part of which is
C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl, [0210] m and n are, independently of each
other, integers between 0 and 100, with the proviso that the sum
n+m is between 1 and 100.
[0211] Preferably, R, independently of each other, represent a
saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, linear or branched
C.sub.1-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon-based radical, and in particular a
preferably saturated, C.sub.1-C.sub.20, in particular
C.sub.1-C.sub.18 and more particularly C.sub.4-C.sub.10,
hydrocarbon-based radical, a monocyclic or polycyclic
C.sub.6-C.sub.14, and in particular C.sub.10-C.sub.13, aryl
radical, or an aralkyl radical of which preferably the aryl part is
C.sub.6 aryl and the alkyl part is C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl.
[0212] Preferably, the R may each represent a methyl, ethyl,
propyl, butyl, isopropyl, decyl, dodecyl or octadecyl radical, or
alternatively a phenyl, tolyl, benzyl or phenethyl radical.
[0213] The radicals R may in particular be identical, and in
addition may be a methyl radical.
[0214] Preferably, m=1 or 2 or 3, and/or n=0 and/or p=0 or 1 may be
applied, in formula (VIII).
[0215] According to one preferred embodiment, n is an integer
between 0 and 100 and m is an integer between 1 and 100, with the
proviso that the sum n+m is between 1 and 100, in formula (VIII).
Preferably, R is a methyl radical.
[0216] According to this embodiment, the non-volatile phenyl
silicone oil is preferably chosen from phenyl trimethicones (when
n=0) such as DC556 from Dow Corning, or else from
diphenylsiloxyphenyl trimethicone oil (when m and n are between 1
and 100) such as KF56 A from Shin-Etsu, or the Silbione 70663V30
oil from Rhone-Poulenc.
[0217] e) phenyl silicone oils optionally bearing at least one
dimethicone fragment corresponding to the following formula, and
mixtures thereof:
##STR00009##
[0218] in which:
[0219] R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be
identical or different, are an alkyl radical containing 1 to 6
carbon atoms,
[0220] R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, which may be identical or different,
are an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl
radical (preferably C.sub.6-C.sub.14), with the proviso that at
least one of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is a phenyl radical,
[0221] X is an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a
hydroxyl radical or a vinyl radical,
[0222] n and p are integers greater than or equal to 1, chosen so
as to give the oil a weight-average molecular mass of less than 200
000 g/mol, preferably less than 150 000 g/mol and more preferably
less than 100 000 g/mol.
[0223] f) and a mixture thereof.
[0224] The composition therefore comprises at least 70% by weight,
relative to the weight of the composition, of a non-volatile oil or
of a single-phase mixture of several non-volatile oils, at least
one of which is a polar or non-polar, non-volatile
hydrocarbon-based oil. More particularly, the content of
non-volatile oil(s) represents from 70% to 90% by weight, more
specifically from 75% to 90% by weight and preferably from 75% to
85% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.
[0225] If the composition comprises at least one non-volatile
phenyl silicone oil, then its content preferably does not exceed
20% by weight, more advantageously does not exceed 15% by weight,
and even more preferentially does not exceed 10% by weight,
relative to the weight of the composition.
[0226] According to one particular embodiment, the composition does
not comprise any non-volatile phenyl silicone oil.
[0227] It should be noted that, if the composition comprises a
mixture of non-volatile oil(s), then said mixture is preferably
single-phase. More particularly, the mixture is said to be
single-phase when no phase separation is observed by eye or under a
phase-contrast microscope, at ambient temperature (25.degree. C.)
after homogenization at temperature and mixing on a Rayneri mixer
(550 rpm, 10 minutes) and storage while left to stand in a closed
receptacle at ambient temperature (and atmospheric pressure) for 24
hours.
[0228] Preferably, the composition comprises at least one polar
non-volatile hydrocarbon-based oil, more particularly chosen from
ester oils, in particular hydroxylated or non-hydroxylated
monoesters and diesters comprising at least 18 carbon atoms in
total, triesters, in particular containing at least 35 carbon
atoms, tetraesters, in particular containing at least 35 carbon
atoms, and mixtures thereof.
[0229] The composition preferably comprises, moreover, at least one
non-polar non-volatile hydrocarbon-based oil, more particularly
chosen from hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated polybutenes,
hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated polyisobutenes, hydrogenated or
non-hydrogenated polydecenes, and mixtures thereof.
[0230] In accordance with one particularly advantageous embodiment,
the composition comprises a mixture of polar and non-polar
hydrocarbon-based oils.
[0231] Preferably, the weight proportion of polar non-volatile
hydrocarbon-based oil(s) relative to the non-polar non-volatile
hydrocarbon-based oil(s) is greater than or equal to 1, more
advantageously greater than or equal to 2.
[0232] Mineral Thickener
[0233] The composition comprises at least one mineral thickener
more particularly chosen from optionally modified organophilic
clays, silicas, which are preferably hydrophobic, and mixtures
thereof.
[0234] According to one particular embodiment, the composition
comprises at least one preferably modified organophilic clay,
chosen from montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, attapulgite,
sepiolite, and mixtures thereof. The clay is more advantageously a
bentonite or a hectorite.
[0235] These clays are modified with a chemical compound chosen
from quaternary amines, tertiary amines, amine acetates,
imidazolines, amine soaps, fatty sulfates, alkylarylsulfonates and
amine oxides, and mixtures thereof.
[0236] Mention may thus be made of hectorites modified with a
quaternary amine, more specifically with a C.sub.10 to C.sub.22
fatty acid ammonium halide, such as a chloride, such as hectorite
modified with distearyldimethylammonium chloride (CTFA name:
Disteardimonium hectorite), for instance the product sold under the
name Bentone 38V.RTM., Bentone 38V CG or Bentone EW CE by the
company Elementis, or stearalkonium hectorites, such as Bentone 27
V.
[0237] Mention may also be made of quaternium-18 bentonites, such
as those sold under the names Bentone 34 by the company Elementis,
Tixogel VP by the company United Catalyst and Claytone 40 by the
company Southern Clay; stearalkonium bentonites, such as those sold
under the names Tixogel LG by the company United Catalyst and
Claytone AF and Claytone APA by the company Southern Clay; or
quaternium-18/benzalkonium bentonites, such as those sold under the
name Claytone HT by the company Southern Clay.
[0238] According to one preferred embodiment, the thickener is
chosen from optionally modified organophilic clays, in particular
organophilic hectorites in particular modified with
benzyldimethylammonium stearate chloride or with
distearyldimethylammonium chloride.
[0239] The composition may also comprise, as mineral thickener, at
least one preferably hydrophobic silica, chosen from fumed silicas,
which are preferably hydrophobically treated, silica aerogels, and
mixtures thereof.
[0240] Mention may be made, for example, of fumed silica preferably
hydrophobically treated at the surface, the size of the particles
of which is more particularly less than 1 .mu.m. It is possible in
particular to replace silanol groups with hydrophobic groups, such
as in particular: [0241] trimethylsiloxyl groups, which are
obtained in particular by treating fumed silica in the presence of
hexamethyldisilazane. Silicas thus treated are known as "Silica
silylate" according to the CTFA (6th edition, 1995). They are sold,
for example, under the references Aerosil R812.RTM. by the company
Degussa, and Cab-O-Sil TS-530.RTM. by the company Cabot; [0242]
dimethylsilyloxyl or polydimethylsiloxane groups, which are
obtained in particular by treating fumed silica in the presence of
polydimethylsiloxane or dimethyldichlorosilane. Silicas thus
treated are known as "Silica dimethyl silylate" according to the
CTFA (6th edition, 1995). They are sold, for example, under the
references Aerosil R972.RTM. and Aerosil R974.RTM. by the company
Degussa, and Cab-O-Sil TS-610.RTM. and Cab-O-Sil TS-720.RTM. by the
company Cabot.
[0243] The hydrophobic fumed silica in particular has a particle
size ranging, for example, from 5 to 200 nm.
[0244] Silica aerogels are porous materials obtained by replacing
(by drying) the liquid component of a silica gel with air.
[0245] The hydrophobic silica aerogel particles that can be used
have a specific surface area per unit mass (S.sub.M) ranging from
500 to 1500 m.sup.2/g, preferably from 600 to 1200 m.sup.2/g and
better still from 600 to 800 m.sup.2/g, and a size expressed as the
volume mean diameter (D[0.5]) ranging from 1 to 1500 .mu.m, better
still from 1 to 1000 .mu.m, preferably from 1 to 100 .mu.m, in
particular from 1 to 30 .mu.m, more preferably from 5 to 25 .mu.m,
better still from 5 to 20 .mu.m and even better still from 5 to 15
.mu.m.
[0246] According to one embodiment, the hydrophobic silica aerogel
particles that are suitable have a size expressed as the volume
mean diameter (D[0.5]) ranging from 1 to 30 .mu.m, preferably from
5 to 25 .mu.m, better still from 5 to 20 .mu.m and even better
still from 5 to 15 .mu.m.
[0247] The specific surface area per unit mass may be determined by
the nitrogen absorption method, known as the BET
(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method, described in The Journal of the
American Chemical Society, vol. 60, page 309, February 1938 and
corresponding to international standard ISO 5794/1 (annex D). The
BET specific surface area corresponds to the total specific surface
area of the particles under consideration.
[0248] The sizes of the silica aerogel particles can be measured by
static light scattering using a commercial particle size analyser
of MasterSizer 2000 type from Malvern. The data are processed on
the basis of the Mie scattering theory. This theory, which is exact
for isotropic particles, makes it possible to determine, in the
case of non-spherical particles, an "effective" particle diameter.
This theory is in particular described in the publication by Van de
Hulst, H. C., Light Scattering by Small Particles, Chapters 9 and
10, Wiley, New York, 1957.
[0249] According to an advantageous embodiment, the hydrophobic
silica aerogel particles that can be used have a specific surface
area per unit mass (S.sub.M) ranging from 600 to 800 m.sup.2/g and
a size expressed as the volume mean diameter (D[0.5]) ranging from
5 to 20 .mu.m and even better still from 5 to 15 .mu.m.
[0250] The aerogels used are aerogels of hydrophobic silica,
preferably of silylated silica (INCI name: silica silylate).
[0251] "Hydrophobic silica" is intended to mean any silica, the
surface of which is treated with silylating agents, for example
with halogenated silanes, such as alkylchlorosilanes, siloxanes, in
particular dimethylsiloxanes, such as hexamethyldisiloxane, or
silazanes, so as to functionalize the OH groups with silyl groups
Si--Rn, for example trimethylsilyl groups.
[0252] As regards the preparation of hydrophobic silica aerogel
particles modified at the surface by silylation, reference may be
made to the document U.S. Pat. No. 7,470,725.
[0253] Use will preferably be made of hydrophobic silica aerogel
particles modified at the surface by trimethylsilyl groups.
[0254] Mention may be made, as hydrophobic silica aerogels which
can be used in the invention, for example, of the aerogel VM-2260
sold by Dow Corning (INCI name: Silica silylate: mean size of
around 1000 .mu.m; specific surface area per unit mass: 600 to 800
m.sup.2/g); AEROGEL TLD 201, AEROGEL OGD 201, AEROGEL TLD 203,
ENOVA.RTM. AEROGEL MT 1100, ENOVA AEROGEL MT 1200, sold by Cabot.
Preferably, use is made of the aerogel VM-2270 sold by Dow Corning
(INCI name: Silica silylate: mean size: 5-15 .mu.m; specific
surface area per unit mass: 600 to 800 m.sup.2/g).
[0255] Preferably, the mineral thickeners are chosen from
organophilic clays, in particular modified hectorites.
[0256] In accordance with one particular embodiment, the content of
mineral thickener, expressed as active material, ranges from 0.2%
to 2% by weight, preferably from 0.3% to 1.5% by weight, relative
to the weight of the composition.
[0257] C.sub.2-C.sub.8 Monoalcohol
[0258] The composition may comprise at least one linear or
branched, preferably saturated, monoalcohol comprising from 2 to 8
carbon atoms, especially from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and in
particular from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
[0259] As monoalcohol, mention may be made of ethanol, isopropanol,
propanol or butanol, and preferably ethanol.
[0260] When the composition contains it, the content of
C.sub.2-C.sub.8 monoalcohol is less than or equal to 6% by weight,
preferably less than or equal to 4% by weight, relative to the
weight of the composition.
[0261] The composition may not comprise any abovementioned
C.sub.2-C.sub.8 monoalcohol.
[0262] Non-Ionic Silicone Surfactant
[0263] The composition comprises moreover at least one non-ionic
silicone surfactant in particular chosen from oxyalkylenated and
preferably oxyethylenated polydimethylsiloxanes, alkyl or alkoxy
dimethicone copolyols, and mixtures thereof. The silicone
surfactants are advantageously not silicone elastomers.
[0264] Preferably, the silicone surfactant comprises
polyoxyalkylene chains, more particularly chains of polyoxyethylene
or of polyoxypropylene or combinations thereof, on the main chain
(side or pendent polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene chains).
[0265] The number of ethylene oxide units can range from 0 to 100,
preferably from 2 to 50 and even more particularly from 5 to 20;
the number being strictly positive when the compound contains only
ethylene oxide units. The number of propylene oxide units can range
from 0 to 80; preferably, the compound does not contain only
propylene oxide units.
[0266] Such silicone surfactants are in particular those called
PEG-10 dimethicone sold by Shin-Etsu under the name KF-6017.
[0267] Also suitable are alkyl or alkoxy dimethicone copolyols
bearing an alkyl or alkoxy chain that is pendent or at the end of
the silicone backbone, for example containing from 6 to 22 carbon
atoms.
[0268] In particular, the surfactant may be a C.sub.8-C.sub.22
alkyl dimethicone copolyol, i.e. an oxypropylenated and/or
oxyethylenated
polymethyl(C.sub.8-C.sub.22)alkyldimethylmethylsiloxane.
[0269] By way of example, mention may be made of cetyl dimethicone
copolyol (INCI name: Cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 Dimethicone), such as the
product sold under the name Abil EM-90 by the company Evonik
Goldschmidt.
[0270] Preferably, the non-ionic silicone surfactant is chosen from
oxyalkylenated and preferably oxyethylenated
polydimethylsiloxanes.
[0271] According to a first embodiment, the content of non-ionic
silicone surfactant(s) is at least 1% by weight, relative to the
weight of the composition.
[0272] Preferably, the content of non-ionic silicone surfactant
ranges from 1% to 3% by weight, preferably from 1% to 2% by weight,
relative to the weight of the composition.
[0273] According to this variant, the composition sediments when it
is stored. Unlike the fluid compositions having a high content of
oils and comprising coloured or colourless solid particles, the
composition has the advantage of being able to be easily
resuspended, by simple manual shaking of the container in which it
is packaged.
[0274] The composition is said to sediment when it allows the
appearance of a supernatant liquid after standing for 48 hours at
25.degree. C., measured under the following conditions:
[0275] Use is made of a cylindrical polyethylene terephthalate
receptacle, the height of which is 46.9 mm and the radius of which
is 15 mm, comprising two steel balls 6.35 mm in diameter, and
fitted with a stopper.
[0276] The composition is introduced such that the height in the
bottle reaches 3.5 cm (which represents approximately 4.5 g of
composition) and the bottle is stoppered.
[0277] Said bottle is left for 48 hours at a temperature of
25.degree. C.
[0278] After the 48 hours, the height of supernatant liquid is
measured.
[0279] It is considered that the composition sediments when the
height of supernatant liquid represents at least 5% of the total
height of the composition, preferably at least 15% of the total
height of the composition.
[0280] According to a second embodiment, the composition comprises
a content of non-ionic silicone surfactant(s) of less than 1% by
weight, relative to the weight of the composition. Preferably, the
content of non-ionic silicone surfactant ranges from 0.2% to less
than 1% by weight, preferably from 0.2% to 0.9% by weight, relative
to the weight of the composition.
[0281] According to this variant, the composition is stable and
does not sediment under the conditions indicated previously.
[0282] Solid Particles
[0283] As indicated previously, the composition comprises at least
coloured or non-coloured solid particles.
[0284] Preferably, the solid particles are chosen from pigments and
fillers, which are preferably platelet-shaped, alone or as
mixtures.
[0285] Pigments
[0286] More particularly, mineral, organic or composite pigments,
and mixtures thereof, are referred to as pigments.
[0287] The term "pigments" should be understood as meaning white or
coloured particles or particles which afford a colour effect, which
are insoluble in the medium of the composition, and which are
intended to colour and/or opacify the composition and/or the
deposit produced with the composition.
[0288] The pigments may thus be chosen from monochromatic mineral
pigments, organic lakes, nacres, and pigments with an optical
effect, for instance reflective pigments and goniochromatic
pigments.
[0289] The mineral pigments may be chosen from metal oxide
pigments, chromium oxides, iron oxides, titanium dioxide, zinc
oxides, cerium oxides, zirconium oxides, manganese violet, Prussian
blue, ultramarine blue, ferric blue and chromium hydrate, and
mixtures thereof.
[0290] They may also be pigments having a structure that may be,
for example, of sericite/brown iron oxide/titanium dioxide/silica
type. Such a pigment is sold, for example, under the reference
Coverleaf NS or JS by the company Chemicals and Catalysts, and has
a contrast ratio in the region of 30.
[0291] Organic lakes are organic pigments formed from a dye
attached to a substrate.
[0292] They may be chosen, for example, from: [0293] cochineal
carmine; [0294] organic pigments of azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes,
indigoid dyes, xanthene dyes, pyrene dyes, quinoline dyes,
triphenylmethane dyes or fluoran dyes. Among the organic pigments
that may in particular be mentioned are those known under the
following names: D&C Blue No. 4, D&C Brown No. 1, D&C
Green No. 5, D&C Green No. 6, D&C Orange No. 4, D&C
Orange No. 5, D&C Orange No. 10, D&C Orange No. 11, D&C
Red No. 6, D&C Red No. 7, D&C Red No. 17, D&C Red No.
21, D&C Red No. 22, D&C Red No. 27, D&C Red No. 28,
D&C Red No. 30, D&C Red No. 31, D&C Red No. 33, D&C
Red No. 34, D&C Red No. 36, D&C Violet No. 2, D&C
Yellow No. 7, D&C Yellow No. 8, D&C Yellow No. 10, D&C
Yellow No. 11, FD&C Blue No. 1, FD&C Green No. 3, FD&C
Red No. 40, FD&C Yellow No. 5, FD&C Yellow No. 6; [0295]
insoluble sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, aluminium, zirconium,
strontium or titanium salts of acid dyes such as azo,
anthraquinone, indigoid, xanthene, pyrene, quinoline,
triphenylmethane or fluoran dyes, these dyes possibly comprising at
least one carboxylic or sulfonic acid group.
[0296] The organic lakes may also be supported on an organic
support such as rosin or aluminium benzoate, for example.
[0297] Among the organic lakes that may be mentioned in particular
are those known under the following names: D&C Red No. 2
Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 3 Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 4
Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 6 Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 6
Barium lake, D&C Red No. 6 Barium/Strontium lake, D&C Red
No. 6 Strontium lake, D&C Red No. 6 Potassium lake, D&C Red
No. 7 Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 7 Barium lake, D&C Red
No. 7 Calcium lake, D&C Red No. 7 Calcium/Strontium lake,
D&C Red No. 7 Zirconium lake, D&C Red No. 8 Sodium lake,
D&C Red No. 9 Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 9 Barium lake,
D&C Red No. 9 Barium/Strontium lake, D&C Red No. 9
Zirconium lake, D&C Red No. 10 Sodium lake, D&C Red No. 19
Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 19 Barium lake, D&C Red No. 19
Zirconium lake, D&C Red No. 21 Aluminium lake, D&C Red No.
21 Zirconium lake, D&C Red No. 22 Aluminium lake, D&C Red
No. 27 Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 27
Aluminium/Titanium/Zirconium lake, D&C Red No. 27 Barium lake,
D&C Red No. 27 Calcium lake, D&C Red No. 27 Zirconium lake,
D&C Red No. 28 Aluminium lake, D&C Red No. 30 lake, D&C
Red No. 31 Calcium lake, D&C Red No. 33 Aluminium lake, D&C
Red No. 34 Calcium lake, D&C Red No. 36 lake, D&C Red No.
40 Aluminium lake, D&C Blue No. 1 Aluminium lake, D&C Green
No. 3 Aluminium lake, D&C Orange No. 4 Aluminium lake, D&C
Orange No. 5 Aluminium lake, D&C Orange No. 5 Zirconium lake,
D&C Orange No. 10 Aluminium lake, D&C Orange No. 17 Barium
lake, D&C Yellow No. 5 Aluminium lake, D&C Yellow No. 5
Zirconium lake, D&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminium lake, D&C Yellow
No. 7 Zirconium lake, D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminium lake,
FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminium lake, FD&C Red No. 4 Aluminium
lake, FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminium lake, FD&C Yellow No. 5
Aluminium lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminium lake.
[0298] The chemical materials corresponding to each of the organic
colourants mentioned previously are mentioned in the publication
"International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook", 1997
edition, pages 371 to 386 and 524 to 528, published by The
Cosmetic, Toiletries and Fragrance Association, the content of
which is incorporated into the present patent application by
reference.
[0299] The pigments may also have been subjected to a hydrophobic
treatment.
[0300] The hydrophobic treatment agent may be chosen from silicones
such as methicones, dimethicones and perfluoroalkylsilanes; fatty
acids such as stearic acid; metal soaps such as aluminium
dimyristate, the aluminium salt of hydrogenated tallow glutamate,
perfluoroalkyl phosphates, perfluoroalkylsilanes,
perfluoroalkylsilazanes, polyhexafluoropropylene oxides,
polyorganosiloxanes comprising perfluoroalkyl perfluoropolyether
groups, amino acids; N-acylamino acids or salts thereof; lecithin,
isopropyl triisostearyl titanate, and mixtures thereof.
[0301] The N-acylamino acids may comprise an acyl group containing
from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, for instance a 2-ethylhexanoyl, caproyl,
lauroyl, myristoyl, palmitoyl, stearoyl or cocoyl group. The salts
of these compounds may be aluminium, magnesium, calcium, zirconium,
zinc, sodium or potassium salts. The amino acid may be, for
example, lysine, glutamic acid or alanine.
[0302] The term "alkyl" mentioned in the compounds cited above in
particular denotes an alkyl group containing from 1 to 30 carbon
atoms and preferably containing from 5 to 16 carbon atoms.
[0303] Hydrophobic treated pigments are described in particular in
patent application EP-A-1 086 683.
[0304] The colourant may also comprise a pigment having a structure
which may be, for example, of the type such as silica microspheres
containing iron oxide. An example of a pigment having this
structure is the product sold by the company Miyoshi under the
reference PC Ball PC-LL-100 P, this pigment being constituted of
silica microspheres containing yellow iron oxide.
[0305] For the purposes of the present patent invention, the nacres
are more particularly coloured particles of any form, which may or
may not be iridescent, in particular produced by certain molluscs
in their shell, or alternatively synthesized, and which have a
colour effect via optical interference.
[0306] Examples of nacres that may be mentioned include nacreous
pigments such as titanium mica coated with an iron oxide, mica
coated with bismuth oxychloride, titanium mica coated with chromium
oxide, titanium mica coated with an organic dye in particular of
the abovementioned type, and also nacreous pigments based on
bismuth oxychloride. They can also be mica particles, at the
surface of which are superposed at least two successive layers of
metal oxides and/or of organic colourants.
[0307] The nacres may more particularly have a yellow, pink, red,
bronze, orange, brown, gold and/or coppery colour or glint.
[0308] As illustrations of nacres that may be introduced as
interference pigments into the first composition, mention may be
made of the gold-coloured nacres sold in particular by the company
Engelhard under the name Brilliant gold 212G (Timica), Gold 222C
(Cloisonne), Sparkle gold (Timica), Gold 4504 (Chromalite) and
Monarch gold 233X (Cloisonne); the bronze nacres sold in particular
by the company Merck under the name Bronze fine (17384) (Colorona)
and Bronze (17353) (Colorona) and by the company Engelhard under
the name Super bronze (Cloisonne); the orange nacres sold in
particular by the company Engelhard under the name Orange 363C
(Cloisonne) and Orange MCR 101 (Cosmica) and by the company Merck
under the name Passion orange (Colorona) and Matte orange (17449)
(Microna); the brown nacres sold in particular by the company
Engelhard under the name Nu-antique copper 340XB (Cloisonne) and
Brown CL4509 (Chromalite); the nacres with a copper glint sold in
particular by the company Engelhard under the name Copper 340A
(Timica); the nacres with a red glint sold in particular by the
company Merck under the name Sienna fine (17386) (Colorona); the
nacres with a yellow glint sold in particular by the company
Engelhard under the name Yellow (4502) (Chromalite); the red nacres
with a gold glint sold in particular by the company Engelhard under
the name Sunstone G012 (Gemtone); the pink nacres sold in
particular by the company Engelhard under the name Tan opale G005
(Gemtone); the black nacres with a gold glint sold in particular by
the company Engelhard under the name Nu antique bronze 240 AB
(Timica), the blue nacres sold in particular by the company Merck
under the name Matte blue (17433) (Microna), the white nacres with
a silvery glint sold in particular by the company Merck under the
name Xirona Silver, and the golden-green pink-orange nacres sold in
particular by the company Merck under the name Indian summer
(Xirona), and mixtures thereof.
[0309] The composition may also contain, as coloured particles, at
least one material with a specific optical effect.
[0310] This effect is different from a simple conventional hue
effect, i.e. a unified and stabilized effect as produced by
standard coloured particles, for instance monochromatic pigments.
Within the meaning of the invention, the term "stabilized" means
devoid of an effect of variability in the colour with the angle of
observation or alternatively in response to a change in
temperature.
[0311] For example, this material may be chosen from particles with
a metallic glint, goniochromatic colouring agents, diffractive
pigments, thermochromic agents, optical brighteners, and also
fibres, in particular interference fibres. Needless to say, these
various materials may be combined so as to afford the simultaneous
manifestation of two effects, or even of a novel effect.
[0312] Advantageously, the content of coloured particles, in
particular of pigments, of nacres alone or as mixtures, ranges from
0.001% to 10% by weight and preferably from 0.01% to 8% by weight
relative to the weight of the composition.
[0313] Fillers
[0314] The fillers are more particularly organic, mineral or mixed,
and may be present alone or as a mixture.
[0315] The term "fillers" should be understood as meaning
colourless or white solid particles of any form, which are in an
insoluble and dispersed form in the medium of the composition, and
which are not intended to colour the composition, but at the very
most to opacify it.
[0316] The fillers may be, for example, platelet-shaped, spherical,
oblong or fibrous, or of any other form intermediate between these
forms, irrespective of the crystallographic form (for example
sheet, cubic, hexagonal, orthorhombic, etc.). Preferably, the
fillers used are platelet-shaped.
[0317] It should be noted that the fillers are different from the
mineral thickener previously mentioned.
[0318] The fillers that can be used may or may not be
surface-coated, and in particular they can be surface-treated with
silicones, amino acids, fluoro derivatives or any other substance
which promotes the dispersion and compatibility of the filler in
the composition.
[0319] Examples of mineral fillers that may be mentioned include
talc, mica, perlite, kaolin, hollow silica microspheres,
precipitated calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium
hydrogen carbonate, hydroxyapatite, boron nitride, glass or ceramic
microcapsules, or composites of silica and of titanium dioxide, for
instance the TSG series sold by Nippon Sheet Glass.
[0320] Examples of organic fillers that may be mentioned include
polyamide powders (Nylon.RTM. Orgasol from Atochem), polyethylene
powders, polymethyl methacrylate powders, polytetrafluoroethylene
(Teflon) powders, acrylic acid copolymer powders (Polytrap from the
company Dow Corning), lauroyl lysine, hollow polymer microspheres
such as those of polyvinylidene chloride/acrylonitrile, for
instance Expancel (Nobel Industrie), hexamethylene
diisocyanate/trimethylol hexyllactone copolymer powder (Plastic
Powder from Toshiki), silicone resin microbeads (for example
Tospearls from Toshiba), synthetic or natural micronized waxes,
metal soaps derived from organic carboxylic acids containing from 8
to 22 carbon atoms and preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for
example zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, lithium stearate, zinc
laurate or magnesium myristate, Polypore.RTM. L 200 (Chemdal
Corporation), polyurethane powders, in particular powders of
crosslinked polyurethane comprising a copolymer, said copolymer
comprising trimethylol hexyllactone. It may in particular be a
hexamethylene diisocyanate/trimethylol hexyllactone polymer. Such
particles are in particular commercially available, for example,
under the name Plastic Powder D-400.RTM. or Plastic Powder
D-800.RTM. from the company Toshiki, and mixtures thereof.
[0321] As organic filler, mention may also be made of powders of
crosslinked organopolysiloxane coated with silicone resin, in
particular with silsesquioxane resin, as described, for example, in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,793.
[0322] Such elastomer powders are sold under the names
KSP-100.RTM., KSP-101.RTM., KSP-102.RTM., KSP-103.RTM.,
KSP-104.RTM. and KSP-105.RTM. by the company Shin-Etsu; mention may
also be made of crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer powders
coated with silicone resin, such as powders of hybrid silicone
functionalized with fluoroalkyl groups, sold in particular under
the name KSP-200 by the company Shin-Etsu; or hybrid silicone
powders functionalized with phenyl groups, sold in particular under
the name KSP-300 by the company Shin-Etsu.
[0323] Preferably, use is made of mineral fillers, which are
advantageously platelet-shaped, and even more preferentially
mica.
[0324] According to one particular embodiment, the content of
fillers ranges from 0.001% to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.05%
to 3% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition.
[0325] Water
[0326] The composition can optionally comprise water.
[0327] If it contains water, the water content does not exceed 1%
by weight, more particularly does not exceed 0.5% by weight, and
preferably does not exceed 0.4% by weight, relative to the weight
of the composition.
[0328] Volatile Oils
[0329] The composition may also comprise at least one volatile oil,
preferably, chosen from volatile hydrocarbon-based oils, which are
preferably non-polar, and volatile silicone oils.
[0330] The volatile silicone oil(s) may be chosen in particular
from silicone oils with a flash point ranging from 40.degree. C. to
102.degree. C., preferably greater than 55.degree. C. and less than
or equal to 95.degree. C., and even more particularly from
65.degree. C. to 95.degree. C.
[0331] As volatile silicone oils that can be used, mention may be
made of linear or cyclic silicones containing especially from 2 to
10 silicon atoms and in particular from 2 to 7 silicon atoms, these
silicones optionally comprising alkyl or alkoxy groups containing
from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. As volatile silicone oils, mention may
be made of dimethicones with viscosities of 5 and 6 cSt,
octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane,
dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, heptamethylhexyltrisiloxane,
heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane,
octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane and
dodecamethylpentasiloxane, and mixtures thereof.
[0332] The volatile hydrocarbon-based oil(s), which are preferably
non-polar, are chosen from oils of which the flash point ranges
from 40.degree. C. to 102.degree. C., preferably from 40.degree. C.
to 55.degree. C., and even more particularly from 40.degree. C. to
50.degree. C.
[0333] Among the volatile hydrocarbon-based oils that can be used,
mention may in particular be made of hydrocarbons containing from 8
to 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, and in particular: [0334]
branched C.sub.8-C.sub.16 alkanes such as C.sub.8-C.sub.16
isoalkanes (also known as isoparaffins), isododecane, isodecane and
isohexadecane, and, for example, the oils sold under the trade name
Isopar or Permethyl, [0335] linear alkanes, for instance n-dodecane
(C12) and n-tetradecane (C14) sold by Sasol under the respective
references Parafol 12-97 and Parafol 14-97, and also mixtures
thereof, the undecane-tridecane mixture (Cetiol UT), the mixtures
of n-undecane (C11) and of n-tridecane (C13) obtained in Examples 1
and 2 of patent application WO 2008/155 059 from the company
Cognis, and mixtures thereof.
[0336] In accordance with one advantageous embodiment, the
composition comprises at least one volatile hydrocarbon-based oil,
which is more particularly non-polar, at least one volatile
silicone oil, and preferably a mixture of these two types of
volatile oils.
[0337] More particularly, the content of volatile hydrocarbon-based
oil(s), volatile silicone oil(s) or mixtures thereof is less than
or equal to 10% by weight, more particularly less than or equal to
8% by weight, advantageously between 1% and 8% by weight, relative
to the weight of the composition.
[0338] If the composition comprises a mixture of non-volatile
oil(s) and volatile oil(s), then said mixture is single-phase. More
particularly, the mixture is said to be single-phase when no phase
separation is observed by eye or under a phase-contrast microscope,
at ambient temperature (25.degree. C.) after homogenization at
temperature and mixing on a Rayneri mixer (550 rpm, 10 minutes) and
storage while left to stand in a closed receptacle at ambient
temperature (and atmospheric pressure) for 24 hours.
[0339] Silicone Polymer
[0340] The composition may optionally comprise at least one
silicone polymer chosen from:
[0341] (i) silicone resins of MQ type;
[0342] (ii) silsesquioxane resins;
[0343] (iii) vinyl polymers grafted with a carbosiloxane
dendrimer;
[0344] (iv) their mixtures.
[0345] The term "polymer" is understood here to mean a compound
having one or more repeat unit(s) and preferably at least 2 repeat
units.
[0346] Silicone Resins of MQ Type
[0347] More generally, the term "resin" is understood to mean a
compound, the structure of which is three-dimensional.
[0348] "Silicone resins" are also known as "siloxane resins". Thus,
within the meaning of the present invention, a polydimethylsiloxane
is not a silicone resin.
[0349] The nomenclature of silicone resins is known under the name
"MDTQ", the resin being described as a function of the various
siloxane monomer units that it comprises, each of the letters
"MDTQ" characterizing a type of unit.
[0350] The letter "M" represents the Monofunctional unit of formula
R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3SiO.sub.1/2, the silicon atom being connected
to only one oxygen atom in the polymer comprising this unit.
[0351] The letter "D" signifies a Difunctional unit
R.sup.1R.sup.2SiO.sub.2/2 in which the silicon atom is connected to
two oxygen atoms.
[0352] The letter "T" represents a Trifunctional unit of formula
R.sup.1SiO.sub.3/2.
[0353] Finally, the letter "Q" signifies a tetrafunctional unit
SiO.sub.4/2 in which the silicon atom is bonded to four oxygen
atoms, which are themselves bonded to the remainder of the
polymer.
[0354] In the M, D and T units defined above, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and
R.sup.3 represent a hydrocarbon radical (in particular an alkyl
radical) having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a
phenylalkyl group or else a hydroxyl group.
[0355] Such resins are described, for example, in the Encyclopedia
of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 15, John Wiley and Sons,
New York, (1989), pp. 265-270, and U.S. Pat. No. 2,676,182, U.S.
Pat. No. 3,627,851, U.S. Pat. No. 3,772,247, U.S. Pat. No.
5,248,739 or else U.S. Pat. No. 5,082,706, U.S. Pat. No. 5,319,040,
U.S. Pat. No. 5,302,685 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,935,484.
[0356] Mention may be made, as examples of silicone resins of MQ
type which can be used, of the alkylsiloxysilicates of formula
[(R.sub.1).sub.3SiO.sub.1/2].sub.x(SiO.sub.4/2).sub.y (MQ units) in
which x and y are integers ranging from 50 to 80, and such that the
R.sub.1 group represents a radical as defined above and is
preferably an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a
hydroxyl group, preferably a methyl group.
[0357] Mention may be made, as examples of solid silicone resins of
MQ type of trimethylsiloxysilicate type, of those sold under the
reference SR1000 by General Electric, under the reference TMS 803
by Wacker, under the name KF-7312J by Shin-Etsu or DC749 or DC593
by Dow Corning.
[0358] Mention may also be made, as silicone resins comprising MQ
siloxysilicate units, of phenylalkylsiloxysilicate resins, such as
phenylpropyldimethylsiloxysilicate (Silshine 151 sold by General
Electric). The preparation of such resins is described in
particular in U.S. Pat. No. 5,817,302.
[0359] Silsesquioxane Resins
[0360] Among the silsesquioxane resins that can be used in the
compositions in accordance with the invention, mention may be made
of the alkyl silsesquioxane resins which are homopolymers and/or
copolymers of silsesquioxane containing an average siloxane unit of
formula R.sub.1nSiO.sub.(4-n)/2, in which each R.sub.1
independently denotes a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl
group, where more than 80 mol % of the R.sub.1 radicals represent a
C.sub.3-C.sub.10 alkyl group, n is a number from 1.0 to 1.4, and
more particularly, use will be made of a silsesquioxane copolymer
in which more than 60 mol % comprises units R.sub.1SiO.sub.3/2 in
which R.sub.1 has the definition previously indicated.
[0361] Preferably, the silsesquioxane resin is chosen such that
R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, preferably a
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group, and more particularly a propyl group.
Use will more particularly be made of a polypropylsilsesquioxane or
t-propyl silsesquioxane resin (INCI name: Polypropylsilsesquioxane
(and) Isododecane) such as the product sold under the trade name
Dow Corning.RTM. 670 Fluid by the company Dow Corning.
[0362] Vinyl Polymers Grafted with a Carbosiloxane Dendrimer
[0363] Among the silicone polymers that are suitable, mention may
be made of vinyl polymers comprising at least one unit derived from
carbosiloxane dendrimer.
[0364] The vinyl polymer has a backbone and at least one side
chain, which side chain comprises a unit derived from carbosiloxane
dendrimer exhibiting a carbosiloxane dendrimer structure.
[0365] In the context of the present invention, the term
"carbosiloxane dendrimer structure" represents a molecular
structure possessing branched groups having high molecular weights,
said structure having high regularity in the radial direction
starting from the bond to the backbone. Such carbosiloxane
dendrimer structures are described in the form of a highly branched
siloxane-silylalkylene copolymer in laid-open Japanese patent
application Kokai 9-171 154.
[0366] A vinyl polymer according to the invention may contain units
derived from carbosiloxane dendrimers that may be represented by
the following general formula (I):
##STR00010##
[0367] in which: [0368] R.sup.1 represents an aryl group having
from 5 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having from 1 to 10
carbon atoms; [0369] X.sup.1 represents a silylalkyl group which,
when i=1, is represented by formula (II):
##STR00011##
[0370] in which: [0371] R.sup.1 is as defined above in the formula
(I), [0372] R.sup.2 represents an alkylene radical having from 2 to
10 carbon atoms, [0373] R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having
from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, [0374] X.sup.i+i is chosen from: a
hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an
aryl group having from 5 to 10 carbon atoms and a silylalkyl group
defined above of formula (II) with i=i+1, [0375] i is an integer
from 1 to 10 which represents the generation of said silylalkyl
group, and [0376] a.sup.i is an integer from 0 to 3; [0377] Y
represents a radically polymerizable organic group chosen from:
[0378] organic groups comprising a methacrylic group or an acrylic
group, said organic groups being represented by the formulae:
##STR00012##
[0379] in which: [0380] R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an
alkyl group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and [0381]
R.sup.5 represents an alkylene group containing from 1 to 10 carbon
atoms, such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene
group or a butylene group, methylene and propylene groups being
preferred; and [0382] organic groups comprising a styryl group of
formula:
##STR00013##
[0383] in which: [0384] R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom or an
alkyl group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a methyl
group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group, the methyl
group being preferred; [0385] R.sup.7 represents an alkyl group
containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; [0386] R.sup.8 represents an
alkylene group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a
methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group or a butylene
group, the ethylene group being preferred; [0387] b is an integer
from 0 to 4; and [0388] c is 0 or 1, such that, if c is 0,
--(R.sup.8)c- represents a bond.
[0389] According to one embodiment, R.sup.1 can represent an aryl
group possessing from 5 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkyl group
possessing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. The alkyl group can
preferably be represented by a methyl group, an ethyl group, a
propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, an isopropyl group, an
isobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group. The aryl
group can preferably be represented by a phenyl group and a
naphthyl group. The methyl and phenyl groups are more particularly
preferred, and the methyl group is most preferred.
[0390] According to one embodiment, R.sup.2 represents an alkylene
group possessing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular a linear
alkylene group, such as an ethylene, propylene, butylene or
hexylene group; or a branched alkylene group, such as a
methylmethylene, methylethylene, 1-methylpentylene or
1,4-dimethylbutylene group.
[0391] The ethylene, methylethylene, hexylene, 1-methylpentylene
and 1,4-dimethylbutylene groups are most preferred.
[0392] According to one embodiment, R.sup.3 is chosen from methyl,
ethyl, propyl, butyl and isopropyl groups.
[0393] In the formula (II), i indicates the number of generations
and thus corresponds to the number of repetitions of the silylalkyl
group.
[0394] For example, when the number of generations is equal to 1,
the carbosiloxane dendrimer can be represented by the general
formula shown below, in which Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are
as defined above, R.sup.12 represents a hydrogen atom or is
identical to R.sup.1 and a.sup.1 is identical to a.sup.i.
Preferably, the total average number of OR.sup.3 groups in a
molecule is within the range from 0 to 7.
##STR00014##
[0395] When the number of generations is equal to 2, the
carbosiloxane dendrimer can be represented by the general formula
below, in which Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.12 are the
same as defined above, and a.sup.1 and a.sup.2 represent the
a.sup.i of the indicated generation. Preferably, the total average
number of OR.sup.3 groups in a molecule is within the range from 0
to 25.
##STR00015##
[0396] In the case where the number of generations is equal to 3,
the carbosiloxane dendrimer is represented by the general formula
below, in which Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.12 are the
same as defined above, and a.sup.1, a.sup.2 and a.sup.3 represent
the a.sup.i of the indicated generation. Preferably, the total
average number of OR.sup.3 groups in a molecule is within the range
from 0 to 79.
##STR00016##
[0397] A vinyl polymer having at least one unit derived from
carbosiloxane dendrimer has a molecular side chain containing a
carbosiloxane dendrimer structure and can result from the
polymerization of:
[0398] (A) of 0 to 99.9 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer, and
[0399] (B) of 100 to 0.1 parts by weight of a carbosiloxane
dendrimer comprising a radically polymerizable organic group,
represented by the general formula (I) as defined above.
[0400] The monomer of vinyl type which is the component (A) in the
vinyl polymer having at least one unit derived from carbosiloxane
dendrimer is a monomer of vinyl type which comprises a radically
polymerizable vinyl group.
[0401] There is no particular limitation as regards such a
monomer.
[0402] The following are examples of this monomer of vinyl type:
methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate,
isopropyl methacrylate or a methacrylate of lower alkyl analogue;
glycidyl methacrylate; butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, n-butyl
methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, tert-butyl acrylate,
tert-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl
methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate,
octyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl
methacrylate or a higher methacrylate analogue; vinyl acetate,
vinyl propionate or a vinyl ester of a lower fatty acid analogue;
vinyl caproate, vinyl 2-ethylhexoate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate
or a higher fatty acid ester analogue; styrene, vinyltoluene,
benzyl methacrylate, phenoxyethyl methacrylate, vinylpyrrolidone or
similar vinylaromatic monomers; methacrylamide,
N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-methoxymethylmethacrylamide,
isobutoxymethoxymethacrylamide, N,N-dimethylmethacrylamide or
similar monomers of vinyl type containing amide groups;
hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl alcohol methacrylate or
similar monomers of vinyl type containing hydroxyl groups; acrylic
acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, fumaric acid,
maleic acid or similar monomers of vinyl type containing a
carboxylic acid group; tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, butoxyethyl
methacrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol methacrylate, polyethylene
glycol methacrylate, polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate,
hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, cetyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl
ether or a similar monomer of vinyl type with ether bonds;
methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane containing
a methacrylic group on one of its molecular ends,
polydimethylsiloxane containing a styryl group on one of its
molecular ends, or a similar silicone compound containing
unsaturated groups; butadiene; vinyl chloride; vinylidene chloride;
methacrylonitrile; dibutyl fumarate; anhydrous maleic acid;
anhydrous succinic acid; methacryl glycidyl ether; an organic salt
of an amine, an ammonium salt, and an alkali metal salt of
methacrylic acid, of itaconic acid, of crotonic acid, of maleic
acid or of fumaric acid; a radical-polymerizable unsaturated
monomer containing a sulfonic acid group such as a styrenesulfonic
acid group; a quaternary ammonium salt derived from methacrylic
acid, such as 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyltrimethylammonium
chloride; and a methacrylic acid ester of an alcohol containing a
tertiary amine group, such as a methacrylic acid ester of
diethylamine.
[0403] Multifunctional monomers of vinyl type can also be used.
[0404] The following represent examples of such compounds:
trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythrityl
trimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene
glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate,
1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate,
neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane
trimethacrylate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate dimethacrylate,
tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate trimethacrylate,
polydimethylsiloxane capped with styryl groups possessing
divinylbenzene groups on both ends, or analogous silicone compounds
containing unsaturated groups.
[0405] A carbosiloxane dendrimer, which is the component (B), can
be represented by the formula (I) as defined above.
[0406] The following represent the preferred examples of Y group of
the formula (I): an acryloyloxymethyl group, a 3-acryloyloxypropyl
group, a methacryloyloxymethyl group, a 3-methacryloyloxypropyl
group, a 4-vinylphenyl group, a 3-vinylphenyl group, a
4-(2-propenyl)phenyl group, a 3-(2-propenyl)phenyl group, a
2-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl group, a 2-(3-vinylphenyl)ethyl group, a
vinyl group, an allyl group, a methallyl group and a 5-hexenyl
group.
[0407] A carbosiloxane dendrimer according to the present invention
may be represented by the formulae having the average structures
below:
##STR00017## ##STR00018##
[0408] Thus, according to one embodiment, the carbosiloxane
dendrimer of the composition according to the present invention is
represented by the following formula:
##STR00019##
[0409] in which: [0410] Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as
defined in the formulae (I) and (II) above; [0411] a.sup.1, a.sup.2
and a.sup.3 correspond to the definition of a' according to the
formula (II); and [0412] R.sup.12 is H, an aryl group having from 5
to 10 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon
atoms.
[0413] According to one embodiment, the carbosiloxane dendrimer of
the composition according to the present invention is represented
by one of the following formulae:
##STR00020##
[0414] The vinyl polymer comprising the carbosiloxane dendrimer
that can be used may be manufactured according to the process for
manufacturing a branched silalkylene siloxane described in Japanese
patent application Hei 9-171 154.
[0415] The vinyl polymer can be a dispersion of a polymer of vinyl
type having a carbosiloxane dendrimer structure in its molecular
side chain, in a liquid such as a silicone oil, an organic oil, an
alcohol or water.
[0416] The silicone oil may be a dimethylpolysiloxane having the
two molecular ends capped with trimethylsiloxy groups, a copolymer
of methylphenylsiloxane and of dimethylsiloxane having the two
molecular ends capped with trimethylsiloxy groups, a copolymer of
methyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropylsiloxane and of dimethylsiloxane having
the two molecular ends capped with trimethylsiloxy groups, or
similar unreactive linear silicone oils, and also
hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane,
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane or a
similar cyclic compound. In addition to the unreactive silicone
oils, modified polysiloxanes containing functional groups such as
silanol groups, amino groups and polyether groups on the ends or
within the molecular side chains may be used.
[0417] The organic oils can be isododecane, liquid paraffin,
isoparaffin, hexyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl
myristate, cetyl myristate, 2-octyldodecyl myristate; isopropyl
palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, butyl stearate, decyl oleate,
2-octyldodecyl oleate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, lanolin
acetate, stearyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, avocado
oil, almond oil, olive oil, cocoa oil, jojoba oil, gum oil,
sunflower oil, soybean oil, camelia oil, squalane, castor oil,
cottonseed oil, coconut oil, egg yolk oil, polypropylene glycol
monooleate, neopentyl glycol 2-ethylhexanoate or an analogous
glycol ester oil; triglyceryl isostearate, the triglyceride of a
fatty acid of coconut oil, or an analogous oil of a polyhydric
alcohol ester;
[0418] polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxypropylene cetyl ether
or an analogous polyoxyalkylene ether.
[0419] The alcohol may be any type that is suitable for use in
combination with a cosmetic product starting material. For example,
it can be methanol, ethanol, butanol, isopropanol or analogous
lower alcohols.
[0420] The solutions and dispersions can be easily prepared by
mixing a vinyl polymer having at least one unit derived from
carbosiloxane dendrimer with a silicone oil, an organic oil, an
alcohol or water. The liquids can be present in the polymerization
stage. In this case, the unreacted residual vinyl monomer should be
completely removed by heat treatment of the solution or dispersion
under atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure.
[0421] In the case of a dispersion, the dispersity of the polymer
of vinyl type can be improved by adding a surfactant.
[0422] Such an agent may be hexylbenzenesulfonic acid,
octylbenzenesulfonic acid, decylbenzenesulfonic acid,
dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, cetylbenzenesulfonic acid,
myristylbenzenesulfonic acid or anionic surfactants of the sodium
salts of these acids; octyltrimethylammonium hydroxide,
dodecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium
hydroxide, octyldimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide,
decyldimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, dioctadecyldimethylammonium
hydroxide, beef tallow-trimethylammonium hydroxide, coconut
oil-trimethylammonium hydroxide, or a similar cationic surfactant;
a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, a polyoxyalkylene alkylphenol, a
polyoxyalkylene alkyl ester, the sorbitol ester of polyoxyalkylene,
polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, an ethylene oxide
additive of diethylene glycol trimethylnonanol, and non-ionic
surfactants of polyester type, and also mixtures.
[0423] In the dispersion, a mean particle diameter of the polymer
of vinyl type can be within a range of between 0.001 and 100
microns and preferably between 0.01 and 50 microns.
[0424] A vinyl polymer contained in the dispersion or the solution
can have a concentration within a range of between 0.1% and 95% by
weight and preferably between 5% and 85% by weight. However, to
facilitate the handling and the preparation of the mixture, the
range should preferably be between 10% and 75% by weight.
[0425] A vinyl polymer suitable for the invention can also be one
of the polymers described in the examples of patent application EP
0 963 751.
[0426] According to a preferred embodiment, a vinyl polymer grafted
with a carbosiloxane dendrimer can result from the
polymerization:
[0427] of 0 to 99.9 parts by weight of one or more acrylate or
methacrylate monomer(s); and
[0428] of 100 to 0.1 part by weight of an acrylate or methacrylate
monomer of a tris
[tri(trimethylsiloxy)silylethyldimethylsiloxy]silylpropyl
carbosiloxane dendrimer.
[0429] The monomers (A1) and (B1) correspond respectively to
specific monomers (A) and (B).
[0430] According to one embodiment, a vinyl polymer having at least
one unit derived from carbosiloxane dendrimer can comprise a unit
derived from tris
[tri(trimethylsiloxy)silylethyldimethylsiloxy]silylpropyl
carbosiloxane dendrimer corresponding to one of the formulae:
##STR00021##
[0431] According to a preferred mode, a vinyl polymer having at
least one unit derived from carbosiloxane dendrimer used in the
invention comprises at least one butyl acrylate monomer.
[0432] According to one embodiment, a vinyl polymer can
additionally comprise at least one fluorinated organic group.
[0433] Structures in which the polymerized vinyl units constitute
the backbone and carbosiloxane dendritic structures and also
fluorinated organic groups are attached to side chains are
particularly preferred.
[0434] The fluorinated organic groups can be obtained by replacing
with fluorine atoms all or some of the hydrogen atoms of methyl,
ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl,
neopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl,
dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl and octadecyl groups and
of other alkyl groups of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and also
alkyloxyalkylene groups of 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
[0435] The groups represented by the formula
--(CH.sub.2).sub.x--(CF.sub.2).sub.y--R.sup.13 are suggested as
examples of fluoroalkyl groups obtained by substituting fluorine
atoms for hydrogen atoms of alkyl groups. In the formula, the
subscript "x" is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and "y" is an integer from 1 to 20.
R.sup.13 is an atom or a group chosen from a hydrogen atom, a
fluorine atom, --CH(CF.sub.3).sub.2-- or CF(CF.sub.3).sub.2. Such
fluorine-substituted alkyl groups are exemplified by linear or
branched polyfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkyl groups represented by
the formulae presented below: --CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2F.sub.5,
-nC.sub.3F.sub.7, --CF(CF.sub.3).sub.2, -nC.sub.4F.sub.9,
CF.sub.2CF(CF.sub.3).sub.2, -nC.sub.5F.sub.11, -nC.sub.6F.sub.13,
-nC.sub.8F.sub.17, CH.sub.2CF.sub.3, --(CH(CF.sub.3).sub.2,
CH.sub.2CH(CF.sub.3).sub.2--CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.2F,
--CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.3F, --CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.4F,
--CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.6F, --CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.8F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CF.sub.3, --CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.2F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.3F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.4F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.6F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.8F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.10F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.12F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.14F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.16F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CF.sub.3,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.2F,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.2H,
--CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.4H and
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.3H.
[0436] The groups represented by
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2--(CF.sub.2).sub.m--CFR.sup.14--[OCF.sub.2CF(CF.sub.3)]-
.sub.n--OC.sub.3F.sub.7 are suggested as
fluoroalkyloxyfluoroalkylene groups obtained by substituting
fluorine atoms for hydrogen atoms of alkyloxyalkylene groups. In
the formula, the subscript "m" is 0 or 1, "n" is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or
5, and R.sup.N is a fluorine atom or CF.sub.3. Such
fluoroalkyloxyfluoroalkylene groups are exemplified by the
perfluoroalkyloxyfluoroalkylene groups represented by the formulae
presented below:
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CF(CF.sub.3)--[OCF.sub.2CF(CF.sub.3)].sub.n--OC.sub.3F-
.sub.7,
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2--[OCF.sub.2CF(CF.sub.3)].sub.n--OC.su-
b.3F.sub.7.
[0437] The number-average molecular weight of the vinyl polymer
used in the present invention may be between 3000 and 2 000 000 and
more preferably between 5000 and 800 000.
[0438] A fluorinated vinyl polymer can be one of the polymers
described in the examples of application WO 03/045337.
[0439] According to one preferred embodiment, a vinyl polymer
grafted in the sense of the present invention may be conveyed in an
oil or a mixture of oils, which are preferably volatile, chosen in
particular from volatile silicone oils and volatile
hydrocarbon-based oils, and mixtures thereof.
[0440] According to a specific embodiment, a silicone oil suitable
for the invention can be cyclopentasiloxane.
[0441] According to another specific embodiment, a
hydrocarbon-based oil suitable for the invention can be
isododecane.
[0442] Vinyl polymers grafted with at least one unit derived from
carbosiloxane dendrimer which can be particularly suitable for the
present invention are the polymers sold under the names TIB 4-100,
TIB 4-101, TIB 4-120, TIB 4-130, TIB 4-200, FA 4002 ID (TIB 4-202),
TIB 4-220 and FA 4001 CM (TIB 4-230) by Dow Corning.
[0443] According to one particular form, the silicone polymer(s)
are chosen from: [0444] a silicone resin of MQ type of
trimethylsiloxysilicate type; [0445] a resin of MQ type of
phenylalkylsiloxysilicate type; [0446] a polypropylsilsesquioxane
or t-propyl silsesquioxane resin (INCI name:
Polypropylsilsesquioxane (and) Isododecane); [0447] a vinyl polymer
grafted with at least one unit derived from carbosiloxane dendrimer
(INCI name: Acrylates/Polytrimethylsiloxy methacrylate).
[0448] According to one particular form of the invention, the
silicone polymer is a polypropylsilsesquioxane or t-propyl
silsesquioxane resin (INCI name: Polypropylsilsesquioxane (and)
Isododecane).
[0449] Preferably, the composition according to the invention
comprises at least one silicone polymer in a content, expressed as
active material of polymer, of from 0.1% to 4% by weight,
preferably from 0.2% to 3% by weight, relative to the weight of the
composition.
[0450] Additives
[0451] The composition may also comprise additional cosmetic
ingredients conventionally used in compositions intended for lip
treatment. By way of examples, mention may particularly be made of
active ingredients, for instance plant extracts which are
preferably soluble in the composition, non-volatile, phenyl or
non-phenyl silicone oils, which do not result in a single-phase
mixture with the non-volatile oil or the mixture of non-volatile
oils previously mentioned (conditions described in detail above),
preservatives, antioxidants, sweeteners, fragrances, sunscreens,
bactericides, liposoluble dyes, and also mixtures thereof.
[0452] Of course, a person skilled in the art will take care to
choose the optional additional ingredients and/or the amount
thereof so that the advantageous properties of the composition are
not, or not substantially, detrimentally affected by the envisaged
addition.
[0453] By way of illustration, the additive contents are those
conventionally used in the field under consideration, and for
example range from 0.01% to 5% by weight relative to the weight of
the composition.
[0454] It should be noted that, if one of the additives is a
non-volatile oil, or several of them, then the total content of
non-volatile oils present in the composition advantageously remains
within the ranges previously given in detail.
[0455] The packaging and application assembly 1 is used in the
following way:
[0456] The assembly 1 being in closed configuration, the user
shakes or inverts the assembly, in particular for the purpose of
homogenizing the cosmetic product.
[0457] In doing so, product is projected through the orifices 9 of
the dividing wall 8 and impregnates the application member 5 very
locally at an apex 51 of its application surface.
[0458] After a few shaking movements, the user unscrews the
applicator 4 and grasps said applicator 4 by the gripping portion
41 and separates it from the reservoir 3. In doing so, the
application member 5 is extracted from the housing 7 and the
application surface is accessible to the user who can then carry
out the application.
[0459] In order to do this, the user brings the apex portion of the
application member in contact with the application surface to be
covered, for example a surface of the lips, in order to deposit a
layer of cosmetic product thereon.
[0460] Where appropriate, the user can use a lateral portion of the
application surface in order to tone down or spread the
product.
* * * * *