U.S. patent application number 16/000324 was filed with the patent office on 2018-12-06 for aluminum alloy article having low texture and methods of making the same.
This patent application is currently assigned to Novelis Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Novelis Inc.. Invention is credited to Duane E. Bendzinski, Sazol Kumar Das, Milan Felberbaum.
Application Number | 20180347021 16/000324 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 62685252 |
Filed Date | 2018-12-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180347021 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Das; Sazol Kumar ; et
al. |
December 6, 2018 |
ALUMINUM ALLOY ARTICLE HAVING LOW TEXTURE AND METHODS OF MAKING THE
SAME
Abstract
Provided herein are aluminum alloys having a uniform surface
recrystallization texture. The uniform surface recrystallization
texture can be provided by methods described herein. Also provided
herein are methods to produce aluminum alloys having a uniform
surface recrystallization texture, which may include homogenizing
and hot rolling an aluminum cast product to a final gauge at a
temperature greater than or about a recrystallization
temperature.
Inventors: |
Das; Sazol Kumar; (Acworth,
GA) ; Felberbaum; Milan; (Woodstock, GA) ;
Bendzinski; Duane E.; (Woodstock, GA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Novelis Inc. |
Atlanta |
GA |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Novelis Inc.
Atlanta
GA
|
Family ID: |
62685252 |
Appl. No.: |
16/000324 |
Filed: |
June 5, 2018 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62515714 |
Jun 6, 2017 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C22F 1/043 20130101;
C22C 21/06 20130101; C22F 1/04 20130101; C22C 21/08 20130101; C22C
21/04 20130101; C22F 1/002 20130101; C22C 21/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C22F 1/043 20060101
C22F001/043; C22F 1/00 20060101 C22F001/00 |
Claims
1. A method for making an aluminum alloy rolled article,
comprising: providing a molten aluminum alloy composition;
continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy composition to form
an aluminum alloy cast product; homogenizing the aluminum alloy
cast product to form a homogenized aluminum alloy cast product; and
rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product to form an
aluminum alloy rolled article having a thickness of between 0.01 mm
and 7 mm, wherein the rolling is carried out at a temperature of
between 300.degree. C. and 550.degree. C.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein homogenizing the aluminum alloy
cast product includes controlling a homogenization temperature of
the aluminum alloy cast product after exiting from a continuous
caster, wherein the homogenization temperature is between
400.degree. C. and 600.degree. C.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy cast product
is not cooled to below 400.degree. C. before the homogenizing.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein rolling the homogenized aluminum
alloy cast product includes controlling a rolling temperature
during rolling, wherein a starting temperature of the rolling is
between 400.degree. C. and 550.degree. C., and wherein an exit
temperature of the rolling is between 300.degree. C. and
500.degree. C.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein rolling the homogenized aluminum
alloy cast product includes maintaining the temperature at or above
a recrystallization temperature of the homogenized aluminum alloy
cast product.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising, following the
rolling, subjecting the aluminum alloy rolled article to
quenching.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method does not comprise
direct chill casting.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method does not comprise cold
rolling the aluminum alloy rolled article to a final thickness.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy rolled article
comprises at least a first surface portion having volume fractions
of a cube texture component, a goss texture component, a brass
texture component, an S texture component, and a copper texture
component that are between 0% and 1%.
10. An aluminum alloy rolled article, which is formed by a process
comprising: providing a molten aluminum alloy composition;
continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy composition to form
an aluminum alloy cast product; homogenizing the aluminum alloy
cast product to form a homogenized aluminum alloy cast product; and
rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product to form the
aluminum alloy rolled article having a thickness of between 0.01 mm
and 7 mm, wherein the rolling is carried out at a temperature of
between 300.degree. C. and 550.degree. C.
11. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, wherein
homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast product includes controlling a
homogenization temperature of the aluminum alloy cast product after
exiting from a continuous caster, wherein the homogenization
temperature is between 400.degree. C. and 600.degree. C.
12. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, wherein the
aluminum alloy cast product is not cooled to below 400.degree. C.
before the homogenizing.
13. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, wherein rolling
the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product includes controlling a
rolling temperature during rolling, wherein a starting temperature
of the rolling is between 400.degree. C. and 550.degree. C., and
wherein an exit temperature of the rolling is between 300.degree.
C. and 500.degree. C.
14. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, wherein rolling
the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product includes maintaining
the temperature at or above a recrystallization temperature of the
homogenized aluminum alloy cast product.
15. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, wherein the
process further comprises, following the rolling, subjecting the
aluminum alloy rolled article to quenching.
16. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, wherein the
process does not comprise direct chill casting.
17. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, wherein the
process does not comprise cold rolling the aluminum alloy rolled
article to a final thickness.
18. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 10, comprising at
least a first surface portion having volume fractions of a cube
texture component, a goss texture component, a brass texture
component, an S texture component, and a copper texture component
that are between 0% and 1%.
19. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 18, wherein the
first surface portion has an isotropic texture.
20. The aluminum alloy rolled article of claim 18, wherein the
first surface portion exhibits substantially uniform thinning
during forming across the first surface portion in any direction
relative to a rolling direction.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S.
Provisional Application No. 62/515,714, filed on Jun. 6, 2017,
which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to metallurgy generally and
more specifically to metal manufacturing. In certain aspects, the
disclosure provides rolled aluminum alloy articles having a rolled
surface having low texture (e.g., recrystallization texture). In
certain aspects, the disclosure also provides methods of making
such articles. In certain other aspects, the disclosure provides
various end uses of such articles, such as in automotive,
transportation, electronics, and industrial applications.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Aluminum alloy articles are desirable for use in a number of
different applications, such as those where strength and durability
are especially desirable. For example, aluminum alloys are commonly
used for automotive structural applications in place of steel.
Because aluminum alloys are generally about 2.8 times less dense
than steel, the use of such materials reduces the weight of the
vehicle and allows for substantial improvements in its fuel
economy. Even so, the use of currently available aluminum alloys in
automotive and other applications poses certain challenges.
[0004] One such challenge relates to the emergence of
recrystallization texture during the processing (e.g., rolling) of
the aluminum alloy article, which leads to a high degree of
anisotropy on the surface of the article. Thus, aluminum alloy
rolled articles (e.g., aluminum alloy plates, aluminum alloy
shates, and aluminum alloy sheets) can have significant amounts of
recrystallization texture that develops during the course of
processing.
SUMMARY
[0005] Texturing of aluminum alloy rolled articles can modify the
mechanical, strength, and forming properties. Thus, it may be
desirable to provide an aluminum alloy rolled article having a
surface that is nearly isotropic and thus, possessing nearly
uniform surface properties. The present disclosure provides
aluminum articles with surfaces, or portions thereof, that are
substantially free of recrystallization texture, as well as methods
for making and using such articles.
[0006] The term embodiment and like terms are intended to refer
broadly to all of the subject matter of this disclosure and the
claims below. Statements containing these terms should be
understood not to limit the subject matter described herein or to
limit the meaning or scope of the claims below. Embodiments of the
present disclosure covered herein are defined by the claims below,
not this summary. This summary is a high-level overview of various
aspects of the disclosure and introduces some of the concepts that
are further described in the Detailed Description section below.
This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features
of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used in
isolation to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter. The
subject matter should be understood by reference to appropriate
portions of the entire specification of this disclosure, any or all
drawings and each claim.
[0007] Embodiments of the present disclosure include an aluminum
alloy rolled article comprising a rolled surface, such as a rolled
surface that comprises a first surface portion that is
substantially free of recrystallization texture. In some
non-limiting examples, the first surface portion can have an
isotropic texture, such as an isotropic texture that comprises a
plurality of texture components. As examples, different texture
components may comprise less than or about 1 volume percent (vol.
%) of the first surface portion. In some aspects, the plurality of
texture components comprise surface texture components selected
from the group consisting of a cube component, a goss component, a
brass component, an S component, and a copper component. For
example, in one embodiment, an aluminum alloy rolled article
comprises a rolled surface with at least a portion that is free or
substantially free of recrystallization texture and includes less
than or about 1 volume percent (i.e., between 0 and 1 volume
percent) of a cube texture component, a goss texture component, a
brass texture component, an S texture component, and a copper
texture component.
[0008] Surfaces having significant amounts of cube or other texture
components, in embodiments, may correspond to surfaces that do not
have an isotropic texture. Stated another way, surfaces including
significant amounts of cube or other texture components may exhibit
Langford coefficients (R-value) that are lower in a direction
diagonal from a longitudinal direction (rolling direction) of the
surface than those along the longitudinal direction or along a
transverse direction (perpendicular to the rolling direction). By
generating an aluminum alloy rolled article with low amounts of
surface texture or with randomized surface texturing, the articles
can exhibit isotropic properties in which the Langford coefficients
do not significantly vary as a function of angle from the
longitudinal direction.
[0009] The first surface portion optionally has one or more surface
texture ratios between 0.80 and 1.25. In embodiments, a surface
texture ratio corresponds to a relationship between volume
percentages of a first surface texture and a second surface
texture. In some non-limiting examples, the first surface portion
has a cube component to brass component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25,
a cube component to goss component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a
cube component to S component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a cube
component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a goss
component to brass component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a goss
component to S component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a goss
component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a brass
component to S component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a brass
component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, an S
component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a cube
component to goss component to brass component ratio of from 0.80
to 1.25, a cube component to goss component to S component ratio of
from 0.80 to 1.25, a cube component to goss component to copper
component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a goss component to brass
component to S component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a goss
component to brass component to copper component ratio of from 0.80
to 1.25, a brass component to S component to copper component ratio
of from 0.80 to 1.25, a cube component to goss component to brass
component to S component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a cube
component to goss component to brass component to copper component
ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, a goss component to brass component to
S component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25, or a
cube component to goss component to brass component to S component
to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25. By controlling the
amounts and ratios of different texture components, the aluminum
rolled article may exhibit more isotropic properties.
[0010] In some non-limiting examples, the aluminum alloy rolled
article can have any suitable width or length. Optionally, the
alloy of the aluminum alloy rolled article is a 5xxx aluminum alloy
or a 6xxx aluminum alloy. In some further examples, the aluminum
alloy rolled article can be produced without cold rolling (i.e.,
hot rolled to a final gauge). Stated another way, the aluminum
alloy rolled article may optionally be formed by a process that
does not use cold rolling of the article to a final gauge or
thickness. In some non-limiting examples, the aluminum alloy rolled
article described herein can be formed by a process that comprises
providing a molten aluminum alloy composition, continuously casting
the molten aluminum alloy composition to form an aluminum alloy
cast product, homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast product to form
a homogenized aluminum alloy cast product, and rolling the
homogenized aluminum alloy cast product to form the aluminum alloy
rolled article having a thickness of no more than 7 mm, such as
between 0.01 mm and 7 mm, between 0.01 mm and 6 mm, between 0.01 mm
and 5 mm, between 0.01 mm and 4 mm, between 0.01 mm and 3 mm, or
between 0.01 mm and 2 mm. Advantageously, the rolling may be
carried out at a temperature of no less than 300.degree. C., such
as between 300.degree. C. and 550.degree. C. Rolling at elevated
temperatures may be useful, in embodiments, for preventing or
reducing recrystallization and associated texturing of the aluminum
alloy rolled article.
[0011] In some non-limiting examples, a method for making an
aluminum alloy rolled article comprises providing a molten aluminum
alloy composition, continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy
composition to form an aluminum alloy cast product, homogenizing
the aluminum alloy cast product to form a homogenized aluminum
alloy cast product, and rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast
product to form an aluminum alloy rolled article having a thickness
of no more than 7 mm, such as between 0.01 mm and 7 mm, between
0.01 mm and 6 mm, between 0.01 mm and 5 mm, between 0.01 mm and 4
mm, between 0.01 mm and 3 mm, or between 0.01 mm and 2 mm, wherein
the rolling is carried out at a temperature of no less than
300.degree. C., such as between 300.degree. C. and 550.degree. C.
Following the rolling, the rolled aluminum alloy rolled article can
optionally be subjected to quenching. In some examples, direct
chill casting is not utilized. In some examples, the aluminum alloy
rolled article is rolled to a final thickness during the rolling
and a subsequent cold rolling process is not used to achieve the
final thickness of the aluminum alloy rolled article.
[0012] Optionally, homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast product
includes controlling a homogenization temperature of the aluminum
alloy cast product, such as after exiting from a continuous caster.
Optionally, the homogenization temperature is between 400.degree.
C. and 600.degree. C., between 450.degree. C. and 600.degree. C.,
between 400.degree. C. and 500.degree. C., or between 500.degree.
C. and 600.degree. C. In some examples, the aluminum alloy cast
product is not cooled to below 400.degree. C. before the
homogenizing (i.e., between the casting and the homogenizing). In
other examples, however, the aluminum alloy cast product may be
cooled to below 400.degree. C. before the homogenizing (i.e.,
between the casting and the homogenizing).
[0013] Optionally, rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast
product includes controlling a rolling temperature during rolling.
For example, a starting temperature of the rolling is optionally
between 400.degree. C. and 550.degree. C. Optionally, an exit or
finishing temperature of the rolling is between 300.degree. C. and
500.degree. C. In some examples, rolling the homogenized aluminum
alloy cast product includes maintaining the temperature at or above
a recrystallization temperature of the homogenized aluminum
alloy.
[0014] In some non-limiting examples, provided herein is an
aluminum alloy rolled article, which is formed by a process
comprising providing a molten aluminum alloy composition,
continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy composition to form
an aluminum alloy cast product, homogenizing the aluminum alloy
cast product to form a homogenized aluminum alloy cast product, and
rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product to form the
aluminum alloy rolled article having a thickness of no more than 7
mm, such as between 0.01 mm and 7 mm, between 0.01 mm and 6 mm,
between 0.01 mm and 5 mm, between 0.01 mm and 4 mm, between 0.01 mm
and 3 mm, or between 0.01 mm and 2 mm, with the rolling carried out
at a temperature of no less than 300.degree. C., such as between
300.degree. C. and 550.degree. C. In some non-limiting examples,
the process does not comprise direct chill casting. In some further
non-limiting examples, the continuously casting comprises using or
use of twin-belt continuous casting. In some further non-limiting
examples, the process does not comprise cold rolling.
[0015] In some aspects, the aluminum alloy rolled article comprises
a first surface portion, such as a first surface portion that is
substantially free of recrystallization texture. Optionally, the
first surface portion has an isotropic texture, such as an
isotropic texture that comprises a plurality of texture components.
For example, each texture component of the plurality of texture
components may optionally comprise less than 1 volume percent of
the first surface portion. In some examples, the aluminum alloy
rolled article may have an angularly uniform (isotropic) Langford
coefficient (R-value), such as an R-value that does not vary
appreciably (e.g., less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 1%)
along an angle relative to the rolling direction. For example,
R-values for an angularly uniform rolled aluminum article may
advantageously vary between 0% and 10% (e.g., 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%,
5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10%) at directions parallel to the rolling
direction (longitudinal), perpendicular to the rolling direction
(transverse), and at directions between longitudinal and transverse
directions (diagonal).
[0016] In some non-limiting examples, provided herein is an
aluminum alloy article of manufacture. The aluminum alloy article
of manufacture can be an automotive body part (e.g., a structural
part or an outer panel). The aluminum alloy article of manufacture
can be an electronics device housing, an aerospace body part, a
transportation body part, or a container part (e.g., a storage tank
or an aluminum can). Aluminum alloy articles of manufacture may
optionally be formed from an aluminum alloy rolled article having a
surface free or substantially free of recrystallization texture,
such as by a technique involving subjecting an aluminum alloy
rolled article having a surface free or substantially free of
recrystallization texture to a stamping, drawing, or other forming
process.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The specification makes reference to the following appended
figures, in which use of like reference numerals in different
figures is intended to illustrate like or analogous components.
[0018] FIG. 1 provides a schematic overview of a method of and
system for making an aluminum alloy rolled article according to
certain aspects of the present disclosure.
[0019] FIG. 2 is a graph comparing cube texture component to brass
texture component of aluminum alloys produced according to certain
aspects of the present disclosure.
[0020] FIG. 3 is a graph for AA6451 alloys comparing cube texture
component, goss texture component, brass texture component, S
texture component and copper texture component of aluminum alloys
produced according to certain aspects of the present
disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 4 is a graph for AA6111 alloys comparing cube texture
component, goss texture component, brass texture component, S
texture component and copper texture component of aluminum alloys
produced according to certain aspects of the present
disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 5 is a graph for AA5754 alloys comparing cube texture
component, goss texture component, brass texture component, S
texture component and copper texture component of aluminum alloys
produced according to certain aspects of the present
disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] Certain aspects and features of the present disclosure
relate to aluminum alloy articles having isotropic surface
textures. Aluminum alloy articles having isotropic surface textures
can further have isotropic mechanical properties, providing highly
formable aluminum alloy articles. Further aspects and features of
the present disclosure relate to methods to produce aluminum alloy
articles having isotropic surface textures. Still further aspects
and features of the present disclosure include aluminum alloy
rolled articles having isotropic surface textures.
Definitions and Descriptions
[0024] The terms "invention," "the invention," "this invention" and
"the present invention" used herein are intended to refer broadly
to all of the subject matter of this patent application and the
claims below. Statements containing these terms should be
understood not to limit the subject matter described herein or to
limit the meaning or scope of the patent claims below.
[0025] In this description, reference is made to alloys identified
by aluminum industry designations, such as "series" or "6xxx." For
an understanding of the number designation system most commonly
used in naming and identifying aluminum and its alloys, see
"International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits
for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Aluminum Alloys" or "Registration
Record of Aluminum Association Alloy Designations and Chemical
Compositions Limits for Aluminum Alloys in the Form of Castings and
Ingot," both published by The Aluminum Association.
[0026] Aluminum alloys may described in terms of their elemental
composition in weight percentage (wt. %) based on the total weight
of the alloy. In certain examples of each alloy, the remainder is
aluminum, with a maximum wt. % of 0.15% for the sum of the
impurities.
[0027] All ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to
encompass any and all subranges subsumed therein. For example, a
stated range of "1 to 10" should be considered to include any and
all subranges between (and inclusive of) the minimum value of 1 and
the maximum value of 10; that is, all subranges beginning with a
minimum value of 1 or more, e.g. 1 to 6.1, and ending with a
maximum value of 10 or less, e.g., 5.5 to 10.
[0028] As used herein, the meaning of "a," "an," or "the" includes
singular and plural references unless the context clearly dictates
otherwise.
[0029] As used herein, a plate generally has a thickness greater
than about 15 mm. For example, a plate may refer to an aluminum or
aluminum alloy product or article having a thickness of greater
than or about 15 mm, greater than or about 20 mm, greater than or
about 25 mm, greater than or about 30 mm, greater than or about 35
mm, greater than or about 40 mm, greater than or about 45 mm,
greater than or about 50 mm, or greater than or about 100 mm.
[0030] As used herein, a shate (also referred to as a sheet plate)
generally has a thickness of from about 4 mm to about 15 mm. For
example, a shate may have a thickness of about 4 mm, about 5 mm,
about 6 mm, about 7 mm, about 8 mm, about 9 mm, about 10 mm, about
11 mm, about 12 mm, about 13 mm, about 14 mm, or about 15 mm.
[0031] As used herein, a sheet generally refers to an aluminum (or
aluminum alloy) cast product or article having a thickness of less
than about 4 mm. For example, a sheet may have a thickness of less
than about 4 mm, less than about 3 mm, less than about 2 mm, less
than about 1 mm, less than about 0.5 mm, less than about 0.3 mm
(e.g., about 0.2 mm), or between 0.2 mm and 4 mm.
[0032] Reference may be is made in this application to alloy temper
or condition. For an understanding of the alloy temper descriptions
most commonly used, see "American National Standards (ANSI) H35 on
Alloy and Temper Designation Systems." An F condition or temper
refers to an aluminum alloy as fabricated. An Hxx condition or
temper, also referred to herein as an H temper, refers to a
non-heat treatable aluminum alloy after cold rolling with or
without thermal treatment (e.g., annealing). Suitable H tempers
include HX1, HX2, HX3 HX4, HX5, HX6, HX7, HX8, or HX9 tempers. A T1
condition or temper refers to an aluminum alloy cooled from hot
working and naturally aged (e.g., at room temperature). A T2
condition or temper refers to an aluminum alloy cooled from hot
working, cold worked and naturally aged. A T3 condition or temper
refers to an aluminum alloy solution heat treated, cold worked, and
naturally aged. A T4 condition or temper refers to an aluminum
alloy solution heat treated and naturally aged. A T5 condition or
temper refers to an aluminum alloy cooled from hot working and
artificially aged (at elevated temperatures). A T6 condition or
temper refers to an aluminum alloy solution heat treated and
artificially aged. A T7 condition or temper refers to an aluminum
alloy solution heat treated and artificially overaged. A T8x
condition or temper refers to an aluminum alloy solution heat
treated, cold worked, and artificially aged. A T9 condition or
temper refers to an aluminum alloy solution heat treated,
artificially aged, and cold worked. A W condition or temper refers
to an aluminum alloy after solution heat treatment.
[0033] As used herein, the term "substantially free of surface
texture" refers to a characteristic of all or a portion of a
surface of a prepared metal plate, shate, or sheet wherein no one
of a cube texture component, a goss texture component, a brass
texture component, an S texture component, or a copper texture
component is a predominant texture component found within the
portion of the surface of the prepared metal plate, shate or sheet.
For example, a surface substantially free of surface texture may
have low volume or areal percentages of a cube texture component, a
goss texture component, a brass texture component, an S texture
component, and a copper texture component, such as less than or
about 1 volume percent or less than or about 1 areal percent.
[0034] As used herein, the term "uniform thinning" refers to a
rolling deformation wherein a thickness of a prepared metal plate,
shate, or sheet is decreased during rolling such that the thickness
of a first portion of the prepared metal plate, shate, or sheet
remains within .+-.2% of a thickness of any other portion of the
prepared metal plate, shate, or sheet. In some cases, uniform
thinning may refer to a uniformity of the reduction of a thickness
of a prepared metal plate, shate, or sheet upon being subjected to
a tensile stress along a different directions (e.g., a longitudinal
direction (rolling direction), a transverse direction
(perpendicular to the rolling direction), or a diagonal direction
(direction between the transverse and longitudinal directions).
Optionally, a material that undergoes uniform thinning may have a
Langford coefficient (R-value) that does not substantially vary as
a function of angle (i.e., angle from the rolling direction).
[0035] As used herein, terms such as "cast product," "cast metal
product," "cast aluminum product," "cast aluminum alloy product,"
"aluminum alloy cast product," and the like are interchangeable and
may refer to a product produced by direct chill casting (including
direct chill co-casting), semi-continuous casting, continuous
casting (including, for example, by use of a twin belt caster, a
twin roll caster, a block caster, or any other continuous caster),
electromagnetic casting, hot top casting, or any other casting
method.
Aluminum Alloy Rolled Articles
Aluminum Alloy Rolled Article Surface
[0036] In some non-limiting examples, an aluminum alloy rolled
article having a rolled surface can have at least a first surface
portion that has low volume fractions of a cube texture component,
a goss texture component, a brass texture component, an S texture
component, and a copper texture component, such as volume fractions
that are between 0% and 1%, or that is substantially free of
recrystallization texture. In the context of the present
disclosure, a surface portion that is substantially free of
recrystallization texture refers to a surface portion that is
uniform across an area defined as the surface portion, wherein no
one recrystallization texture component is dominant. In some
non-limiting examples, a surface portion that has low volume
fractions of a cube texture component, a goss texture component, a
brass texture component, an S texture component, and a copper
texture component, such as volume fractions that are between 0% and
1%, or that is substantially free of recrystallization texture may
refer to a surface portion in which recrystallization textures that
exhibit angularly dependent Langford coefficients are present only
in minor amounts such that the overall Langford coefficient of the
surface portion is isotropic (i.e., not substantially angularly
dependent or substantially angularly uniform). In some non-limiting
examples, a surface portion can have an isotropic texture, wherein
the isotropic texture comprises a plurality of texture components,
wherein each texture component comprises less than 1 volume percent
(vol. %) of the surface portion. In some aspects, the plurality of
texture components comprise surface texture components selected
from the group consisting of a cube component, a goss component, a
brass component, an S component, and a copper component.
[0037] In some cases, the aluminum alloy rolled article described
herein can have an isotropic surface texture described as a ratio
between each texture component. In some non-limiting examples, a
surface portion can have a ratio of the cube component to the brass
component (and likewise, a ratio of the brass component to the cube
component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the surface portion
can have a ratio of the cube component to the brass component of
0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90,
0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01,
1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12,
1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23,
1.24, or 1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the cube component to
the brass component can be less than 1.00.
[0038] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the goss component (and likewise,
a ratio of the goss component to the cube component) of from 0.80
to 1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the
cube component to the goss component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83,
0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94,
0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05,
1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16,
1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some
examples, the ratio of the cube component to the goss component can
be less than 1.00.
[0039] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the S component (and likewise, a
ratio of the S component to the cube component) of from 0.80 to
1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the cube
component to the S component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85,
0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96,
0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07,
1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18,
1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some examples, the
ratio of the cube component to the S component can be less than
1.00.
[0040] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the copper component (and
likewise, a ratio of the copper component to the cube component) of
from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a
ratio of the cube component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81,
0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92,
0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03,
1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14,
1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or
1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the cube component to the
copper component can be less than 1.00.
[0041] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the goss component to the brass component of from 0.80
to 1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the
goss component to the brass component (and likewise, a ratio of the
brass component to the goss component) of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83,
0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94,
0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05,
1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16,
1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some
examples, the ratio of the goss component to the brass component
can be less than 1.00.
[0042] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the goss component to the S component (and likewise, a
ratio of the S component to the goss component) of from 0.80 to
1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the goss
component to the S component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85,
0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96,
0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07,
1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18,
1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some examples, the
ratio of the goss component to the S component can be less than
1.00.
[0043] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the goss component to the copper component (and
likewise, a ratio of the copper component to the goss component) of
from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a
ratio of the goss component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81,
0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92,
0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03,
1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14,
1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or
1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the goss component to the
copper component can be less than 1.00.
[0044] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the brass component to the S component (and likewise, a
ratio of the S component to the brass component) of from 0.80 to
1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the
brass component to the S component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84,
0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95,
0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06,
1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17,
1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some
examples, the ratio of the brass component to the S component can
be less than 1.00.
[0045] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the brass component to the copper component (and
likewise, a ratio of the copper component to the brass component)
of from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a
ratio of the brass component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81,
0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92,
0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03,
1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14,
1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or
1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the brass component to the
copper component can be less than 1.00.
[0046] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the S component to the copper component (and likewise, a
ratio of the copper component to the S component) of from 0.80 to
1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the S
component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84,
0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95,
0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06,
1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17,
1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some
examples, the ratio of the S component to the copper component can
be less than 1.00.
[0047] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the brass
component (or any suitable ratio including the cube component, the
goss component, and the brass component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For
example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the cube component
to the goss component to the brass component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82,
0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93,
0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04,
1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15,
1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In
some examples, the ratio of the cube component to the goss
component to the brass component can be less than 1.00.
[0048] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the S
component (or any suitable ratio including the cube component, the
goss component, and the S component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For
example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the cube component
to the goss component to the S component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83,
0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94,
0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05,
1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16,
1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some
examples, the ratio of the cube component to the goss component to
the S component can be less than 1.00.
[0049] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the copper
component (or any suitable ratio including the cube component, the
goss component, and the copper component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For
example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the cube component
to the goss component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82,
0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93,
0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04,
1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15,
1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In
some examples, the ratio of the cube component to the goss
component to the copper component can be less than 1.00.
[0050] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the goss component to the brass component to the S
component (or any suitable ratio including the goss component, the
brass component, and the S component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For
example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the goss component
to the brass component to the S component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82,
0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93,
0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04,
1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15,
1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In
some examples, the ratio of the goss component to the brass
component to the S component can be less than 1.00.
[0051] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the goss component to the brass component to the copper
component (or any suitable ratio including the goss component, the
brass component, and the copper component) of from 0.80 to 1.25.
For example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the goss
component to the brass component to the copper component of 0.80,
0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91,
0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02,
1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13,
1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24,
or 1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the goss component to the
brass component to the copper component can be less than 1.00.
[0052] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the brass component to the S component to the copper
component (or any suitable ratio including the brass component, the
S component, and the copper component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For
example, the surface portion can have a ratio of the brass
component to the S component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81,
0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92,
0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03,
1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14,
1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or
1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the brass component to the S
component to the copper component can be less than 1.00.
[0053] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the brass
component to the S component (or any suitable ratio including the
cube component, the goss component, the brass component, and the S
component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the surface portion
can have a ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the
brass component to the S component of 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84,
0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95,
0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06,
1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17,
1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or 1.25. In some
examples, the ratio of the cube component to the goss component to
the brass component to the S component can be less than 1.00.
[0054] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the brass
component to the copper component (or any suitable ratio including
the cube component, the goss component, the brass component, and
the copper component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the
surface portion can have a ratio of the cube component to the goss
component to the brass component to the copper component of 0.80,
0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91,
0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02,
1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13,
1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24,
or 1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the cube component to the
goss component to the brass component to the copper component can
be less than 1.00.
[0055] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the goss component to the brass component to the S
component to the copper component (or any suitable ratio including
the goss component, the brass component, the S component, and the
copper component) of from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the surface
portion can have a ratio of the goss component to the brass
component to the S component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81,
0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92,
0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03,
1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14,
1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or
1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the goss component to the
brass component to the S component to the copper component can be
less than 1.00.
[0056] In some non-limiting examples, the surface portion can have
a ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the brass
component to the S component to the copper component (or any
suitable ratio including the cube component, the goss component,
the brass component, the S component, and the copper component) of
from 0.80 to 1.25. For example, the surface portion can have a
ratio of the cube component to the goss component to the brass
component to the S component to the copper component of 0.80, 0.81,
0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92,
0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.03,
1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.08, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14,
1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, or
1.25. In some examples, the ratio of the cube component to the goss
component to the brass component to the S component to the copper
component can be less than 1.00.
[0057] In some aspects, an aluminum alloy article having a portion
that has low volume fractions of a cube texture component, a goss
texture component, a brass texture component, an S texture
component, and a copper texture component, such as volume fractions
that are between 0% and 1%, or that is substantially free of
recrystallization texture (e.g., an isotropic texture, or a
texture-less surface) in any direction relative to a rolling
direction of the aluminum alloy article (e.g., longitudinal,
transverse or diagonal) can provide an aluminum alloy having
isotropic mechanical properties in any direction relative to the
rolling direction of the aluminum alloy article. For example, an
aluminum alloy article having isotropic mechanical properties can
provide an aluminum alloy article that does not exhibit anisotropic
forming in, for example, the diagonal direction while exhibiting
isotropic forming in the longitudinal and/or transverse
direction.
[0058] In some examples, comparative aluminum alloy articles may
correspond to an aluminum alloy article that can be direct chill
cast from a molten aluminum alloy to form an aluminum alloy ingot.
The aluminum alloy ingot can then be homogenized and hot rolled to
an intermediate gauge aluminum alloy plate. The intermediate gauge
aluminum alloy plate can optionally further be cold rolled to a
final gauge aluminum alloy article. Comparative aluminum alloy
articles can have a plurality of surface portions having a dominant
texture component. For example, a first surface portion can be
dominated by a cube texture and at least a second surface portion
can be dominated by a goss texture component. Thus, the diagonal
direction relative to the rolling direction of the comparative
aluminum alloy article can have an anisotropic recrystallization
texture, wherein a first surface portion can be dominated by cube
texture and at least a second surface portion can be dominated by a
goss texture component. A lower amount of thinning during rolling
in the diagonal direction can be caused by splitting surface
portions (e.g., pulling the first surface portion away from the at
least second surface portion) in the diagonal direction relative to
the rolling direction during forming. An exemplary aluminum alloy
article, produced according to methods described below, can have an
isotropic surface texture in any direction relative to the rolling
direction and provide uniform thinning in any direction relative to
the rolling direction.
Aluminum Alloy Rolled Article Gauges and Compositions
[0059] In some non-limiting examples, aluminum alloy rolled
articles can be produced in a plate gauge, a shate gauge, or a
sheet gauge, as described above. In some aspects, the aluminum
alloy rolled article can be produced from a molten aluminum alloy.
The molten aluminum alloy can be a 5xxx series aluminum alloy or a
6xxx series aluminum alloy.
[0060] Non-limiting exemplary AA5xxx series aluminum alloys include
AA5005, AA5005A, AA5205, AA5305, AA5505, AA5605, AA5006, AA5106,
AA5010, AA5110, AA5110A, AA5210, AA5310, AA5016, AA5017, AA5018,
AA5018A, AA5019, AA5019A, AA5119, AA5119A, AA5021, AA5022, AA5023,
AA5024, AA5026, AA5027, AA5028, AA5040, AA5140, AA5041, AA5042,
AA5043, AA5049, AA5149, AA5249, AA5349, AA5449, AA5449A, AA5050,
AA5050A, AA5050C, AA5150, AA5051, AA5051A, AA5151, AA5251, AA5251A,
AA5351, AA5451, AA5052, AA5252, AA5352, AA5154, AA5154A, AA5154B,
AA5154C, AA5254, AA5354, AA5454, AA5554, AA5654, AA5654A, AA5754,
AA5854, AA5954, AA5056, AA5356, AA5356A, AA5456, AA5456A, AA5456B,
AA5556, AA5556A, AA5556B, AA5556C, AA5257, AA5457, AA5557, AA5657,
AA5058, AA5059, AA5070, AA5180, AA5180A, AA5082, AA5182, AA5083,
AA5183, AA5183A, AA5283, AA5283A, AA5283B, AA5383, AA5483, AA5086,
AA5186, AA5087, AA5187, and AA5088.
[0061] Non-limiting exemplary AA6xxx series aluminum alloys include
AA6101, AA6101A, AA6101B, AA6201, AA6201A, AA6401, AA6501, AA6002,
AA6003, AA6103, AA6005, AA6005A, AA6005B, AA6005C, AA6105, AA6205,
AA6305, AA6006, AA6106, AA6206, AA6306, AA6008, AA6009, AA6010,
AA6110, AA6110A, AA6011, AA6111, AA6012, AA6012A, AA6013, AA6113,
AA6014, AA6015, AA6016, AA6016A, AA6116, AA6018, AA6019, AA6020,
AA6021, AA6022, AA6023, AA6024, AA6025, AA6026, AA6027, AA6028,
AA6031, AA6032, AA6033, AA6040, AA6041, AA6042, AA6043, AA6151,
AA6351, AA6351A, AA6451, AA6951, AA6053, AA6055, AA6056, AA6156,
AA6060, AA6160, AA6260, AA6360, AA6460, AA6460B, AA6560, AA6660,
AA6061, AA6061A, AA6261, AA6361, AA6162, AA6262, AA6262A, AA6063,
AA6063A, AA6463, AA6463A, AA6763, A6963, AA6064, AA6064A, AA6065,
AA6066, AA6068, AA6069, AA6070, AA6081, AA6181, AA6181A, AA6082,
AA6082A, AA6182, AA6091, and AA6092.
Methods of Making
[0062] An exemplary aluminum alloy rolled article can be formed by
a process that includes providing a molten aluminum alloy
composition, continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy
composition to form an aluminum alloy cast product, homogenizing
the aluminum alloy cast product to form a homogenized aluminum
alloy cast product, and hot rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy
cast product to form the aluminum alloy rolled article having a
thickness of no more than 7 mm, such as between 0.01 mm and 7 mm,
between 0.01 mm and 6 mm, between 0.01 mm and 5 mm, between 0.01 mm
and 4 mm, between 0.01 mm and 3 mm, or between 0.01 mm and 2 mm.
The rolling can be carried out at a temperature of no less than
300.degree. C. The exemplary aluminum alloy rolled article can be
formed by a process that does not include cold rolling. Optionally,
the exemplary aluminum alloy rolled article can be subjected to
quenching after the rolling. FIG. 1 provides a schematic example of
a method and system of making an aluminum alloy rolled article. In
embodiments, FIG. 1 provides an overview of a process referred to
as a hot roll to final gauge and temper.
Continuous Casting
[0063] The aluminum alloy products described herein can be cast
using a continuous casting (CC) process. The continuous casting
process can be performed, for example, by way of the use of twin
belt casters, twin roll casters, or block casters.
[0064] As illustrated in FIG. 1, in some examples, a method of
making an aluminum alloy rolled article includes providing a molten
aluminum alloy 105 and continuously injecting the molten metal from
a molten metal injector into a continuous caster 110 to form an
aluminum alloy cast product 115. The method also can include
withdrawing the aluminum alloy cast product, such as a cast
aluminum alloy sheet, plate, or shate, from an exit of the
continuous caster.
Rolling
[0065] The aluminum alloy cast product 115 can then be processed by
any suitable means. Optionally, the processing steps can be used to
prepare aluminum alloy rolled articles. Such processing steps
include, but are not limited to, homogenization, which may occur as
illustrated in FIG. 1 at block 120, and hot rolling, which may
occur as illustrated in FIG. 1 at section 125. In some non-limiting
examples, as explained in more detail below, a continuously cast
aluminum alloy product, such as a 6xxx series aluminum alloy or a
5xxx series aluminum alloy, can be hot rolled to a final gauge. The
processing can be performed without a cold rolling step (i.e., the
cast product can be rolled to a final gauge without cold rolling).
In some cases, hot rolling a continuously cast aluminum alloy
product to a final gauge can provide an isotropic recrystallization
texture within a surface of the aluminum alloy rolled article
thereby formed. In some further cases, hot rolling a continuously
cast aluminum alloy product to a final gauge can improve
formability by providing an aluminum alloy rolled article having
isotropic mechanical properties.
[0066] Optionally, homogenization can be performed immediately
after casting. Optionally, the temperature of the aluminum alloy
cast product 115 is not permitted to fall below 400.degree. C.
between casting and homogenizing. The homogenization temperature
can be between 400.degree. C. and 600.degree. C., for example. In
some examples, homogenization may be useful for maintaining a
temperature of the cast alloy at a particular value or between a
range of values for a duration of time, such as up to 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,
23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30 hours in some examples. In some
examples, homogenization may be useful for providing the cast alloy
to a hot rolling stage at a particular starting temperature. After
homogenization is performed at block 120, the aluminum alloy cast
product 115 may be referred to as a homogenized aluminum alloy cast
product.
[0067] Optionally, the hot rolling step can be performed
immediately after casting or following homogenization. The hot
rolling temperature can be at least 300.degree. C., such as between
300.degree. C. and 550.degree. C. For example, the hot rolling
temperature can be at least 300.degree. C., at least 310.degree.
C., at least 320.degree. C., at least 330.degree. C., at least
340.degree. C., at least 350.degree. C., at least 360.degree. C.,
at least 370.degree. C., at least 380.degree. C., at least
390.degree. C., at least 400.degree. C., at least 410.degree. C.,
at least 420.degree. C., at least 430.degree. C., at least
440.degree. C., at least 450.degree. C., at least 460.degree. C.,
at least 470.degree. C., at least 480.degree. C., at least
490.degree. C., at least 500.degree. C., at least 510.degree. C.,
at least 520.degree. C., at least 530.degree. C., at least
540.degree. C., or up to 550.degree. C. Optionally, the hot rolling
temperature can be or include the recrystallization temperature of
the aluminum alloy. The homogenized aluminum alloy cast product or
aluminum alloy cast product entering into the hot rolling stage can
have a temperature of between 400.degree. C. and 550.degree. C.,
for example.
[0068] During the hot rolling step, the gauge of the aluminum alloy
cast product is reduced in thickness. In some cases, the total
amount of reduction of thickness during hot rolling can be at or
less than 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%,
30%, 25%, 20%, or 15%. In some cases, the cast product can be a
metal sheet wherein the final gauge of the rolled article is 7 mm
or less, 6 mm or less, 5 mm or less, 4 mm or less, 3 mm or less, 2
mm or less, 1.9 mm or less, 1.8 mm or less, 1.7 mm or less, 1.6 mm
or less, 1.5 mm or less, 1.4 mm or less, 1.3 mm or less, 1.2 mm or
less, 1.1 mm, 1.0 mm or less, 0.9 mm or less, 0.8 mm or less, 0.7
mm or less, 0.6 mm or less, 0.5 mm or less, 0.4 mm or less, 0.3 mm
or less, 0.2 mm or less, or as small as 0.1 mm. Upon exiting the
hot rolling stage, the aluminum alloy rolled article can have a
temperature of between 300.degree. C. and 500.degree. C., for
example.
Optional Processing Steps
[0069] The method can optionally include a step of quenching the
aluminum alloy rolled article after hot rolling, as illustrated at
element 130 of FIG. 1. The aluminum alloy rolled article can be
cooled to a temperature at or below about 300.degree. C. in the
quenching step, such as to a temperature between 50.degree. C. and
300.degree. C. For example, the aluminum alloy rolled article can
be cooled to a temperature at or below 290.degree. C., at or below
280.degree. C., at or below 270.degree. C., at or below 260.degree.
C., at or below 250.degree. C., at or below 240.degree. C., at or
below 230.degree. C., at or below 220.degree. C., at or below
210.degree. C., at or below 200.degree. C., at or below 190.degree.
C., at or below 180.degree. C., at or below 170.degree. C., at or
below 160.degree. C., at or below 150.degree. C., at or below
140.degree. C., at or below 130.degree. C., at or about 120.degree.
C., at or below 110.degree. C., or at or below 100.degree. C. The
aluminum alloy rolled article can be quenched immediately after hot
rolling or within a short period of time thereafter (e.g., within
10 hours or less, 9 hours or less, 8 hours or less, 7 hours or
less, 6 hours or less, 5 hours or less, 4 hours or less, 3 hours or
less, 2 hours or less, 1 hour or less, or 30 minutes or less). The
aluminum alloy rolled article can optionally be coiled and stored
after hot rolling and/or quenching, as illustrated at element 135
of FIG. 1.
Methods of Use
Automotive and Transportation
[0070] Aluminum alloy articles of manufacture produced from
aluminum alloy rolled articles, such as sheets and shates,
described herein can be used in automotive applications and other
transportation applications, including aircraft and railway
applications. For example, the aluminum alloy rolled articles can
be used to prepare automotive structural parts, such as outer
panels, inner panels, side panels, bumpers, side beams, roof beams,
cross beams, pillar reinforcements (e.g., A-pillars, B-pillars, and
C-pillars), inner hoods, outer hoods, or trunk lid panels. The
aluminum alloy rolled articles and methods described herein can
also be used in aircraft or railway vehicle applications, to
prepare, for example, external and internal panels.
Electronics
[0071] The aluminum alloy rolled articles described herein can also
be used in electronics applications. For example, the aluminum
alloy rolled articles and methods described herein can be used to
prepare housings for electronic devices, including mobile phones
and tablet computers. In some examples, the aluminum alloy rolled
articles can be used to prepare anodized quality sheets and
materials.
Containment
[0072] The aluminum alloy rolled articles described herein can be
used in container applications, including aluminum can body stock
and aluminum can end stock.
Mechanical Properties
[0073] The aluminum alloy rolled articles described herein can have
a surface that has low volume fractions of a cube texture
component, a goss texture component, a brass texture component, an
S texture component, and a copper texture component, such as volume
fractions that are between 0% and 1%, or that is substantially free
of recrystallization texture. An aluminum alloy article having a
surface of this nature (e.g., an isotropic surface) can provide an
aluminum alloy article having isotropic mechanical properties
(e.g., mechanical properties that can be uniform in any direction
across the surface relative to a rolling direction of the aluminum
alloy cast product). An aluminum alloy rolled article having
isotropic mechanical properties can be subjected to forming
processes that demand a high formability. In some non-limiting
examples, the aluminum alloy rolled articles described herein can
be subjected to complex forming processes. In some further
examples, the aluminum alloy rolled articles described herein can
be subjected to multi-step forming processes.
[0074] Various advantages may be achieved using the aluminum alloy
cast products and aluminum alloy rolled articles and methods of
making aluminum alloy cast products and aluminum alloy rolled
articles described herein. For example, as noted above, the
aluminum alloy rolled articles may exhibit advantageous mechanical
properties, such as an isotropic surface. Additionally, the
aluminum alloy rolled articles may exhibit isotropic thinning
properties when subjected to strain, meaning that the aluminum
alloy rolled articles may have a tendency to thin during straining
by an approximately equal amount in all directions. This property
may provide a benefit in forming articles of manufacture using the
aluminum alloy rolled articles described herein.
[0075] For example, conventionally cold-rolled aluminum may exhibit
mechanical anisotropy, meaning the mechanical properties of the
cold-rolled aluminum are not uniform along different directions
(e.g., rolling direction, transverse direction, diagonal direction,
etc.). When cold-rolled aluminum is subjected to forming or drawing
to generate an article of manufacture, the material may have a
tendency to thin different amounts upon being subjected to strain
along different directions. Depending on the shape and specific
form of the article of manufacture, the article may thin
significantly more in some locations than in others. When subjected
to sufficient strain and thinning along directions that have a
tendency to thin much more than others (e.g., along a diagonal
direction), the article of manufacture may break, fracture, or
otherwise fail at these critical points or along these critical
directions.
[0076] Due to the isotropic mechanical properties, the presently
described aluminum alloy cast products and aluminum alloy rolled
articles overcome these and other processing difficulties. By
having a surface that has low volume fractions of a cube texture
component, a goss texture component, a brass texture component, an
S texture component, and a copper texture component, such as volume
fractions that are between 0% and 1%, or that is substantially free
of recrystallization texture, the surface can exhibit isotropic
mechanical properties, such as the Langford coefficient (R-value),
such that forming an article of manufacture using the presently
described aluminum alloy rolled articles does not result in the
same failure along the above-described critical directions or at
the above-described critical points.
[0077] The following examples will serve to further illustrate the
present invention without, at the same time, however, constituting
any limitation thereof. On the contrary, it is to be clearly
understood that resort can be had to various embodiments,
modifications and equivalents thereof which, after reading the
description herein, can suggest themselves to those skilled in the
art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Example A
[0078] Aluminum alloy samples were provided according to methods
described herein. Alloys 6111, 6451, and 5754 were produced by
exemplary methods, including continuous casting, homogenization and
hot rolling to a final gauge. Alloys 6451 and 5754 were further
produced by an optional method for comparison, including continuous
casting, homogenization and cold rolling to a final gauge. Alloys
6111, 6451, and 5754 were produced according to comparative
methods, including direct chill casting, homogenization, hot
rolling, and cold rolling. The aluminum alloy samples were analyzed
for recrystallization texture. FIG. 1 is a bar chart showing
results of recrystallization texture analysis. A cube texture
component (left histogram in each pair) and a brass texture
component (right histogram in each pair) are shown form comparison.
Texture component volume fraction (%) is shown for cube and brass
texture components. Continuously cast alloys are referred to herein
as "CC" and direct chill cast alloys are referred to herein as
"DC." Processing methods are described in Table 1 below:
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Processing Methods HRTGT Hot roll to final
gauge and temper HR + CR Hot roll and cold roll CR Cold roll HR Hot
roll
[0079] Hot roll to final gauge and temper indicates the exemplary
method described herein, including continuous casting,
homogenization, and hot rolling to a final gauge, as shown in FIG.
1. The exemplary method provided aluminum alloy rolled articles
having a uniform distribution of texture components, as shown in
FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 and described below. The comparative methods
provided an aluminum alloy rolled article having an anisotropic
recrystallization texture, wherein the surface was dominated by
cube texture. Isotropic surface recrystallization texture was
provided by the exemplary method described herein.
[0080] FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are bar charts showing results of
recrystallization texture analysis. A cube texture component (left
histogram in each set), a goss texture component (second from the
left histogram in each set), a brass texture component (center
histogram in each set), an S texture component (fourth from the
left histogram in each set) and a copper texture component (right
histogram in each set) are shown for comparison. As evident in
FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the exemplary method provided aluminum alloy
rolled articles having a uniform distribution of texture
components, wherein no texture component was observed having a
volume fraction greater than 1% within the surface of the aluminum
alloy. The comparative methods provided an aluminum alloy rolled
articles having an anisotropic recrystallization texture, wherein
the surface was dominated by cube texture. Isotropic surface
recrystallization texture was provided by the exemplary method
described herein.
Examples 1-61
[0081] As used below, any reference to a series of examples is to
be understood as a reference to each of those examples
disjunctively (e.g., "examples 1-4" is to be understood as
"examples 1, 2, 3, or 4").
[0082] Example 1 is an aluminum alloy rolled article comprising a
rolled surface, wherein the rolled surface comprises a first
surface portion, comprising at least a first surface portion, and
wherein the first surface portion is substantially free of
recrystallization texture or wherein the first surface portion has
volume fractions of a cube texture component, a goss texture
component, a brass texture component, an S texture component, and a
copper texture component that are between 0% and 1%.
[0083] Example 2 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of example 1,
wherein the first surface portion has an isotropic texture, wherein
the isotropic texture comprises a plurality of texture components,
wherein each texture component comprises less than 1 volume percent
of the first surface portion.
[0084] Example 3 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of example 2,
wherein the plurality of texture components comprise surface
texture components selected from the group consisting of a cube
component, a goss component, a brass component, an S component, and
a copper component.
[0085] Example 4 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-3, wherein the first surface portion exhibits substantially
uniform thinning during forming across the first surface portion in
any direction relative to a rolling direction.
[0086] Example 5 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-4, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
brass component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0087] Example 6 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-5, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to goss
component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0088] Example 7 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-6, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to S
component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0089] Example 8 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-7, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0090] Example 9 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-8, wherein the first surface portion has a goss component to
brass component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0091] Example 10 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-9, wherein the first surface portion has a goss component to S
component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0092] Example 11 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-10, wherein the first surface portion has a goss component to
copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0093] Example 12 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-11, wherein the first surface portion has a brass component to S
component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0094] Example 13 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-12, wherein the first surface portion has a brass component to
copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0095] Example 14 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-13, wherein the first surface portion has an S component to
copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0096] Example 15 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-14, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
goss component to brass component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0097] Example 16 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-15, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
goss component to S component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0098] Example 17 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-16, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
goss component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0099] Example 18 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-17, wherein the first surface portion has a goss component to
brass component to S component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0100] Example 19 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-18, wherein the first surface portion has a goss component to
brass component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0101] Example 20 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-19, wherein the first surface portion has a brass component to S
component to copper component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0102] Example 21 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-20, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
goss component to brass component to S component ratio of from 0.80
to 1.25.
[0103] Example 22 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-21, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
goss component to brass component to copper component ratio of from
0.80 to 1.25.
[0104] Example 23 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-22, wherein the first surface portion has a goss component to
brass component to S component to copper component ratio of from
0.80 to 1.25.
[0105] Example 24 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-23, wherein the first surface portion has a cube component to
goss component to brass component to S component to copper
component ratio of from 0.80 to 1.25.
[0106] Example 25 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-24, wherein the aluminum alloy rolled article has a width or
length of from 6.5 mm to 40 m.
[0107] Example 26 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-25, wherein the aluminum alloy rolled article comprises or is
composed of a 5xxx aluminum alloy.
[0108] Example 27 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-26, wherein the aluminum alloy rolled article comprises or is
composed of a 6xxx aluminum alloy.
[0109] Example 28 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-27, wherein the aluminum alloy rolled article is formed by a
process that does not comprise cold rolling.
[0110] Example 29 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
1-28, wherein the aluminum alloy rolled article is formed by a
process that comprises: providing a molten aluminum alloy
composition; continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy
composition to form an aluminum alloy cast product; homogenizing
the aluminum alloy cast product to form a homogenized aluminum
alloy cast product; and rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast
product to form the aluminum alloy rolled article having a
thickness of between 0.01 mm and 7 mm, wherein the rolling is
carried out at a temperature of between 300.degree. C. and
550.degree. C.
[0111] Example 30 is a method for making an aluminum alloy rolled
article, comprising: providing a molten aluminum alloy composition;
continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy composition to form
an aluminum alloy cast product; homogenizing the aluminum alloy
cast product to form a homogenized aluminum alloy cast product; and
rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product to form an
aluminum alloy rolled article having a thickness of between 0.01 mm
and 7 mm, wherein the rolling is carried out at a temperature of
between 300.degree. C. and 550.degree. C.
[0112] Example 31 is the method of example 30, wherein homogenizing
the aluminum alloy cast product includes controlling a
homogenization temperature of the aluminum alloy cast product after
exiting from a continuous caster, wherein the homogenization
temperature is between 400.degree. C. and 600.degree. C.
[0113] Example 32 is the method of examples 30-31, wherein the
aluminum alloy cast product is not cooled to below 400.degree. C.
before the homogenizing.
[0114] Example 33 is the method of example 30-32, wherein rolling
the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product includes controlling a
rolling temperature during rolling, wherein a starting temperature
of the rolling is between 400.degree. C. and 550.degree. C., and
wherein an exit temperature of the rolling is between 300.degree.
C. and 500.degree. C.
[0115] Example 34 is the method of examples 30-33, wherein rolling
the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product includes maintaining
the temperature at or above a recrystallization temperature of the
homogenized aluminum alloy cast product.
[0116] Example 35 is the method of examples 30-34, further
comprising, following the rolling, subjecting the aluminum alloy
rolled article to quenching.
[0117] Example 36 is the method of examples 30-35, wherein the
method does not comprise direct chill casting.
[0118] Example 37 is the method of examples 30-36, wherein the
method does not comprise cold rolling the aluminum alloy rolled
article to a final thickness.
[0119] Example 38 is the method of examples 30-37, wherein the
aluminum alloy rolled article comprises at least a first surface
portion, and wherein the first surface portion is substantially
free of recrystallization texture or wherein the first surface
portion has volume fractions of a cube texture component, a goss
texture component, a brass texture component, an S texture
component, and a copper texture component that are between 0% and
1%.
[0120] Example 39 is an aluminum alloy rolled article, which is
formed by a process comprising: providing a molten aluminum alloy
composition; continuously casting the molten aluminum alloy
composition to form an aluminum alloy cast product; homogenizing
the aluminum alloy cast product to form a homogenized aluminum
alloy cast product; and rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast
product to form the aluminum alloy rolled article having a
thickness of between 0.01 mm and 7 mm, wherein the rolling is
carried out at a temperature of between 300.degree. C. and
550.degree. C.
[0121] Example 40 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of example
39, wherein homogenizing the aluminum alloy cast product includes
controlling a homogenization temperature of the aluminum alloy cast
product after exiting from a continuous caster, wherein the
homogenization temperature is between 400.degree. C. and
600.degree. C.
[0122] Example 41 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
39-40, wherein the aluminum alloy cast product is not cooled to
below 400.degree. C. before the homogenizing.
[0123] Example 42 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
39-41, wherein rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product
includes controlling a rolling temperature during rolling, wherein
a starting temperature of the rolling is between 400.degree. C. and
550.degree. C., and wherein an exit temperature of the rolling is
between 300.degree. C. and 500.degree. C.
[0124] Example 43 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
39-42, wherein rolling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast product
includes maintaining the temperature at or above a
recrystallization temperature of the homogenized aluminum alloy
cast product.
[0125] Example 44 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
39-43, wherein the process further comprises, following the
rolling, subjecting the aluminum alloy rolled article to
quenching.
[0126] Example 45 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
39-44, wherein the process does not comprise direct chill
casting.
[0127] Example 46 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
39-45, wherein the process does not comprise cold rolling the
aluminum alloy rolled article to a final thickness.
[0128] Example 47 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
39-46, comprising at least a first surface portion, and wherein the
first surface portion is substantially free of recrystallization
texture or wherein the first surface portion has volume fractions
of a cube texture component, a goss texture component, a brass
texture component, an S texture component, and a copper texture
component that are between 0% and 1%.
[0129] Example 48 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of example
47, wherein the first surface portion has an isotropic texture.
[0130] Example 49 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of example
48, wherein the isotropic texture comprises a plurality of texture
components, and wherein each texture component comprises less than
1 volume percent of the first surface portion.
[0131] Example 50 is the aluminum alloy rolled article of examples
47-49, wherein the first surface portion exhibits substantially
uniform thinning during forming across the first surface portion in
any direction relative to a rolling direction.
[0132] Example 51 is an aluminum alloy article of manufacture,
comprising an aluminum alloy rolled article of examples 1-29, an
aluminum alloy rolled article of any one of examples 39-50, or an
aluminum alloy rolled article formed by the method of any one of
examples 30-38.
[0133] Example 52 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
example 51, wherein the aluminum alloy rolled article is subjected
to a stamping, forming, or drawing process.
[0134] Example 53 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
examples 51-52, wherein the aluminum alloy article of manufacture
is an automotive body part.
[0135] Example 54 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
example 53, wherein the automotive body part comprises a structural
part.
[0136] Example 55 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
example 53, wherein the automotive body part is an outer panel.
[0137] Example 56 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
examples 51-52, wherein the aluminum alloy article of manufacture
is an electronics device housing.
[0138] Example 57 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
examples 51-52, wherein the aluminum alloy article of manufacture
is an aerospace body part.
[0139] Example 58 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
examples 51-52, wherein the aluminum alloy article of manufacture
is a transportation body part.
[0140] Example 59 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
examples 51-52, wherein the aluminum alloy article of manufacture
is a container part.
[0141] Example 60 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
example 59, wherein the aluminum alloy article of manufacture is a
storage tank.
[0142] Example 61 is the aluminum alloy article of manufacture of
example 59, wherein the aluminum alloy article of manufacture is an
aluminum can end.
[0143] All patents, publications and abstracts cited above are
incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. The foregoing
description of the embodiments, including illustrated embodiments,
has been presented only for the purpose of illustration and
description and is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting to the
precise forms disclosed. Numerous modifications, adaptations, and
uses thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
* * * * *