U.S. patent application number 15/595259 was filed with the patent office on 2018-11-15 for waveguide apparatus for receiving wireless signals.
The applicant listed for this patent is MICROELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY, INC.. Invention is credited to Chang-Chun CHEN, Wei HUANG CHEN, Hui-Na LIU.
Application Number | 20180331409 15/595259 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 64098058 |
Filed Date | 2018-11-15 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180331409 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LIU; Hui-Na ; et
al. |
November 15, 2018 |
WAVEGUIDE APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING WIRELESS SIGNALS
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a waveguide apparatus for
receiving wireless signals. The waveguide apparatus includes a
first waveguide member and a second waveguide member attached to
the first waveguide member to form a waveguide having an aperture
for receiving wireless signals. The first waveguide member includes
a first wall and a second wall forming a first corner of the
aperture, and the second waveguide member includes a third wall and
a fourth wall forming a third corner of the aperture. After the
first waveguide member is attached to the second waveguide member,
the second wall and the third wall form a second corner of the
aperture, and the fourth wall and the first wall form a fourth
corner of the aperture.
Inventors: |
LIU; Hui-Na; (Hsinchu,
TW) ; CHEN; Chang-Chun; (Hsinchu City, TW) ;
HUANG CHEN; Wei; (Zhubei City, TW) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
MICROELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY, INC. |
Hsinchu |
|
TW |
|
|
Family ID: |
64098058 |
Appl. No.: |
15/595259 |
Filed: |
May 15, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01P 3/12 20130101; H01Q
13/06 20130101; H01Q 13/02 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H01P 3/12 20060101
H01P003/12 |
Claims
1. A waveguide apparatus, comprising: a first waveguide member; and
a second waveguide member attached to the first waveguide member to
form a waveguide having an aperture for receiving wireless signals;
wherein the first waveguide member includes a first wall and a
second wall forming a first corner of the aperture, the second
waveguide member includes a third wall and a fourth wall forming a
third corner of the aperture, the second wall of the first
waveguide member and the third wall of the second waveguide member
form a second corner of the aperture, and the fourth wall of the
second waveguide member and the first wall of the first waveguide
member form a fourth corner of the aperture; wherein the first wall
has a first outer surface, the second wall has a second outer
surface, the first outer surface is planar, and the second outer
surface is non-planar.
2. The waveguide apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second waveguide
member is the same as the first waveguide member.
3. (canceled)
4. The waveguide apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first waveguide
member includes: at least one first hole penetrating through the
first wall along a first direction; and at least one second hole
penetrating through the second wall along the first direction.
5. The waveguide apparatus of claim 4, wherein the second waveguide
member includes: at least one third hole penetrating the third wall
along the first direction; and at least one fourth hole penetrating
the fourth wall along the first direction.
6. The waveguide apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least one
first hole communicates with the at least one fourth hole, and the
at least one second hole communicates with the at least one third
hole.
7. The waveguide apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fourth wall
covers the at least one first hole, and the second wall covers the
at least one third hole.
8-13. (canceled)
14. A waveguide member, comprising a first wall and a second wall
forming a corner, wherein the waveguide member includes at least
one first hole penetrating the first wall along a first direction
and at least one second hole penetrating the second wall along the
first direction; wherein the first wall has a first outer surface,
the second wall has a second outer surface, the first outer surface
is planar, and the second outer surface is non-planar.
15-20. (canceled)
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a waveguide apparatus for
receiving wireless signals, and more particularly to a waveguide
apparatus of two substantially identical waveguide members for
receiving wireless signals.
DISCUSSION OF THE BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely employed to
provide various communication content such as voice, video, packet
data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These wireless systems may be
multiple-access systems capable of supporting multiple users by
sharing the available system resources. Examples of such
multiple-access systems include code division multiple access
(CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems,
frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal FDMA
(OFDMA) systems, and single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) systems.
[0003] This Discussion of the Background section is provided for
background infojination only. The statements in this Discussion of
the Background are not an admission that the subject matter
disclosed in this section constitutes prior art to the present
disclosure, and no part of this Discussion of the Background
section may be used as an admission that any part of this
application, including this Discussion of the Background section,
constitutes prior art to the present disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a waveguide
member, comprising a first wall and a second wall faulting a
corner, wherein the waveguide member includes at least one first
hole penetrating the first wall along a first direction and at
least one second hole penetrating the second wall along the first
direction.
[0005] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a
waveguide apparatus, comprising: a first waveguide member; a second
waveguide member attached to the first waveguide member to form a
waveguide having an aperture for receiving wireless signals;
wherein the first waveguide member includes a first wall and a
second wall forming a first corner of the aperture, the second
waveguide member includes a third wall and a fourth wall forming a
third corner of the aperture, the second wall and the third wall
form a second corner of the aperture, and the fourth wall and the
first wall form a fourth corner of the aperture.
[0006] In some embodiments, the second waveguide member is
substantially the same as the first waveguide member.
[0007] In some embodiments, the first wall has a first outer
surface, the second wall has a second outer surface, the first
outer surface is planar, and the second outer surface is
non-planar.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first waveguide member includes: at
least one first hole penetrating the first wall along a first
direction; and at least one second hole penetrating the second wall
along the first direction.
[0009] In some embodiments, the second waveguide member includes:
at least one third hole penetrating the third wall along the first
direction; and at least one fourth hole penetrating the fourth wall
along the first direction.
[0010] In some embodiments, the at least one first hole
communicates with the at least one fourth hole, and the at least
one second hole communicates with the at least one third hole.
[0011] In some embodiments, the fourth wall covers the at least one
first hole, and the second wall covers the at least one third
hole.
[0012] In some embodiments, the first waveguide member does not
include a first opening penetrating the first wall along a second
direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
[0013] In some embodiments, the first waveguide member does not
include a second opening penetrating the second wall along the
second direction.
[0014] In some embodiments, the second wall has a tapering upper
end.
[0015] In some embodiments, the second wall has a wavy outer
surface near an upper end.
[0016] In some embodiments, an upper end width of the first wall is
substantially the same as an upper end width of the second
wall.
[0017] In some embodiments, the inner planes of the first wall, the
second wall, the third wall, and the fourth wall are not formed
with a step structure.
[0018] In some embodiments, the second wall has a slanted side, the
third wall has a slanted inner surface, and the second wall's
slanted side is attached to the third wall's slanted inner
surface.
[0019] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a
waveguide apparatus of two substantially identical waveguide
members for receiving wireless signals. Consequently, the two
waveguide members can be manufactured by substantially the same
fabrication process. In addition, the waveguide apparatus is
diagonally divided into two substantially identical waveguide
members, and the two waveguide members can be assembled to form the
waveguide apparatus substantially without a step structure in the
inner plane of the waveguide.
[0020] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and
technical advantages of the present disclosure in order that the
detailed description of the disclosure that follows may be better
understood. Additional features and advantages of the disclosure
will be described hereinafter, and form the subject of the claims
of the disclosure. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the
art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may be
readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other
structures or processes for carrying out the same purposes of the
present disclosure. It should also be realized by those skilled in
the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the
spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended
claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] A more complete understanding of the present disclosure may
be derived by referring to the detailed description and claims when
considered in connection with the Figures, where like reference
numbers refer to similar elements throughout the Figures, and:
[0022] FIG. 1 is an assembled view of a waveguide apparatus in
accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure
[0023] FIG. 2 is a disassembled view of the waveguide apparatus in
accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIG. 3 is a disassembled view of the waveguide apparatus in
accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIGS. 4 to 8 are measured frequency response diagrams of the
waveguide apparatus with respect to angles in accordance with some
embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 9 is a measured frequency response diagram of the
waveguide apparatus with respect to frequencies in accordance with
some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 10 is a table showing the detailed electrical
properties of the waveguide apparatus in accordance with some
embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 11 is an assembled view of a waveguide apparatus in
accordance with a comparative embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 12 is a disassembled view of the waveguide apparatus in
accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 13 is a measured frequency response diagram of the
waveguide apparatus at the measurement point #1 (55.00 GHz) in
accordance with the comparative embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 14 is a table showing the detailed electronic
properties of the waveguide apparatus and the waveguide apparatus
in accordance with the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0032] The following description of the disclosure accompanies
drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this
specification, and illustrate embodiments of the disclosure, but
the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, the
following embodiments can be properly integrated to complete
another embodiment.
[0033] References to "some embodiments," "an embodiment,"
"exemplary embodiment," "other embodiments," "another embodiment,"
etc. indicate that the embodiment(s) of the disclosure so described
may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but
not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature,
structure, or characteristic. Further, repeated use of the phrase
"in the embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same
embodiment, although it may.
[0034] The present disclosure is directed to a waveguide apparatus
of two substantially identical waveguide members for receiving
wireless signals. In order to make the present disclosure
completely comprehensible, detailed steps and structures are
provided in the following description. Obviously, implementation of
the present disclosure does not limit special details known by
persons skilled in the art. In addition, known structures and steps
are not described in detail, so as not to unnecessarily limit the
present disclosure. Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure
are described in detail below. However, in addition to the detailed
description, the present disclosure may also be widely implemented
in other embodiments. The scope of the present disclosure is not
limited to the detailed description, but is defined by the
claims.
[0035] FIG. 1 is an assembled view of a waveguide apparatus 10 in
accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2
is a disassembled view of the waveguide apparatus 10 in accordance
with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some
embodiments, the waveguide apparatus 10 comprises a first waveguide
member 20 and a second waveguide member 30 attached to the first
waveguide member 20 by several fasteners 17 to festal a waveguide
13 (FIG. 1) having an aperture 15 (FIG. 1) for receiving wireless
signals.
[0036] In some embodiments, the waveguide apparatus 10 is
diagonally divided into two substantially identical parts (the
first waveguide member and the second waveguide member).
[0037] In some embodiments, the first waveguide member 20 includes
a first wall 21 and a second wall 23 forming a first corner 15A
(FIG. 1) of the aperture 15, the second waveguide member 30
includes a third wall 31 and a fourth wall 33 forming a third
corner 15C (FIG. 1) of the aperture 15, the second wall and the
third wall form a second corner 15B (FIG. 1) of the aperture 15,
and the fourth wall 33 and the first wall 21 form a fourth corner
15D (FIG. 1) of the aperture 15. In some embodiments, the first
wall 21 is substantially perpendicular to the second wall 23, and
the third wall 31 is substantially perpendicular to the fourth wall
33; after assembling the first waveguide member 20 and the second
waveguide member 30, the second wall 23 is substantially
perpendicular to the third wall 31 and the first wall 21 is
substantially perpendicular to the fourth wall 33.
[0038] In some embodiments, the aperture 15 of the waveguide 13 is
rectangular with four corners, the first waveguide member 20 itself
forms one of the four corners, the second waveguide member 30
itself forms another one of the four corners, and the combination
of the first waveguide member 20 and the second waveguide member 30
forms the other two of the four corners.
[0039] FIG. 3 is a disassembled view of the waveguide apparatus 10
of FIG. 1 in accordance with some embodiments of the present
disclosure, wherein the second waveguide member 30 is rotated with
respect to the Z-axis in FIG. 2 by 180 degrees. In some
embodiments, the second waveguide member 30 is substantially the
same as the first waveguide member 20. Consequently, the second
waveguide member 30 can be manufactured by substantially the same
fabrication process as the first waveguide member 20. In some
embodiments, the first waveguide member 20 and the second waveguide
member 30 are made of metal such as aluminum, and manufactured by
CNC (computer numerical control) machining.
[0040] In some embodiments, the first waveguide member 20 includes
at least one first hole 20A and at least one second hole 20B, the
at least one first hole 20A penetrates the first wall 21 along a
first direction (the X-direction as shown in FIG. 1), and the at
least one second hole 20B penetrates the second wall 23 along the
first direction. Similarly, the second waveguide member 30 includes
at least one third hole 30A and at least one fourth hole 30B, the
at least one third hole 30A penetrates the third wall 31 along the
first direction, and at least one fourth hole 30B penetrates the
fourth wall 33 along the first direction.
[0041] In some embodiments, the first waveguide member 20 does not
include an opening penetrating the first wall 21 along a second
direction (the Y-direction as shown in FIG. 1) substantially
perpendicular to the first direction (the X-direction as shown in
FIG. 1); in addition, the first waveguide member 20 does not
include an opening penetrating the second wall 23 along the second
direction. Similarly, the second waveguide member 30 does not
include an opening penetrating the third wall 31 along the second
direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction; in
addition, the second waveguide member 30 does not include an
opening penetrating the fourth wall 33 along the second
direction.
[0042] In some embodiments, after the first waveguide member 20 is
attached to the second waveguide member 30, the at least one first
hole 20A of the first waveguide member 20 communicates with the at
least one fourth hole 30B of the second waveguide member 30, and
the at least one second hole 20B of the second waveguide member 30
communicates with the at least one third hole 30A of the first
waveguide member 20. In some embodiments, the at least one second
hole 20B of the first waveguide member 20 is a screw hole having
threads, the at least one fourth hole 30B of the second waveguide
member 30 is a screw hole having threads, and the fasteners 17 are
screws configured to engage with the screw holes.
[0043] In some embodiments, after the first waveguide member 20 is
attached to the second waveguide member 30, the fourth wall 33
covers the at least one first hole 20A, and the second wall 23
covers the at least one third hole 30A. Consequently, the interior
of the waveguide 13 is not exposed to the first hole 20A or the
third hole 30A. In addition, after the first waveguide member 20 is
attached to the second waveguide member 30, the four inner surfaces
of the four walls of the waveguide apparatus 10 are substantially
not formed with a step structure. In other words, the waveguide 13
defined by the four walls of the waveguide apparatus 10 is
substantially planar for propagating wireless signals.
[0044] In some embodiments, the second wall 23 has a slanted side
23A with respect to a third direction (the Z-axis as shown in FIG.
1), the third wall 31 has a slanted inner surface 31A with respect
to the third direction, and the slanted side 23A is attached to the
slanted inner surface 31A; similarly, the fourth wall 33 has a
slanted side 33A with respect to the third direction, the first
wall 21 has a slanted inner surface 21A with respect to the third
direction, and the slanted side 33A is attached to the slanted
inner surface 21A.
[0045] In some embodiments, in the second wall 23, the upper end
width is larger than the bottom end width measured along the first
direction (X-direction), and the at least one second hole 20B is
not formed in the upper portion but is instead formed in the lower
portion with a larger width of the second wall 23; similarly, in
the fourth wall 33, the upper end width is larger than the bottom
end width measured along the first direction, and the at least one
fourth hole 30B is not formed in the upper portion but is instead
formed in the lower portion with a larger width of the fourth wall
33.
[0046] In some embodiments, in the first wall 21, the upper end
width is larger than the bottom end width measured along the second
direction (Y-axis), and the at least one first hole 20A is not
formed in the upper portion but is instead formed in the lower
portion with a larger width of the first wall 21; similarly, in the
third wall 23, the upper end width measured along the second
direction is larger than the bottom end width, and the at least one
third hole 20B is not formed in the upper portion but is instead
fainted in the lower portion with a larger width of the third wall
23.
[0047] In some embodiments, an upper end width measured along the
first direction (X-direction) of the first wall 21 is substantially
the same as an upper end width measured along the second direction
(Y-direction) of the second wall 23. In some embodiments, the upper
end width is larger than the bottom end width of the first wall 21,
and the first wall 21 has a tapering upper end; the upper end width
is larger than the bottom end width of the second wall 23, and the
second wall 23 has a tapering upper end. In some embodiments, as
shown in FIG. 2, the first wall 21 has a first outer surface 211,
the second wall 23 has a second outer surface 231, the first outer
surface 211 is substantially planar, and the second outer surface
231 is non-planar. In some embodiments, the second wall 23 has a
wavy outer surface near an upper end.
[0048] Similarly, an upper end width measured along the first
direction (X-direction) of the third wall 31 is substantially the
same as an upper end width measured along the second direction
(Y-direction) of the fourth wall 33. In some embodiments, the upper
end width is larger than the bottom end width of the third wall 31,
and the third wall 31 has a tapering upper end; the upper end width
is larger than the bottom end width of the fourth wall 33, and the
fourth wall 33 has a tapering upper end. In some embodiments, as
shown in FIG. 2, the third wall 31 has a third outer surface 311,
the fourth wall 33 has a fourth outer surface 331, the third outer
surface 311 is substantially planar, and the fourth outer surface
331 is non-planar. In some embodiments, the fourth wall 33 has a
wavy outer surface near an upper end.
[0049] In some embodiments, the first waveguide member 20 has a
guiding pin 25A configured to engage with a guiding hole 35B of the
second waveguide member 30. In some embodiments, the second
waveguide member 30 has a guiding pin 35A configured to engage with
a guiding hole 25B of the second waveguide member 20. In some
embodiments, the first waveguide member 20 has a fixed portion 27
with fixing holes 27A, the second waveguide member 30 has a fixed
portion 37 with fixing hole 37A, and the waveguide apparatus 10 can
be fixed onto an external apparatus by fasteners (not shown in the
drawings) penetrating the fixing hole 27A and the fixing hole
37A.
[0050] FIGS. 4 to 8 are measured frequency response diagrams of the
waveguide apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 with respect to angles in
accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 9
is a measured frequency response diagram of the waveguide apparatus
10 with respect to frequencies in accordance with some embodiments
of the present disclosure. FIG. 10 is a table showing the detailed
electronic properties of the waveguide apparatus 10 in accordance
with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0051] As can be seen from FIGS. 4 to 8 and the table in FIG. 10,
the direction difference between the E-plane and the H-plane of the
waveguide apparatus 10 is less than 2 degrees for the relevant
frequencies. In addition, the return loss of the waveguide
apparatus 10 is 26.127 dB at the measurement point #1 (55.00 GHz),
25.470 dB at the measurement point #2 (57.00 GHz), 32.159 dB at the
measurement point #3 (61.50 GHz), 29.473 dB at the measurement
point #4 (66.00 GHz), and 40.217 dB at the measurement point #5
(68.00 GHz). In other words, the return losses of the waveguide
apparatus 10 at the frequencies listed above are all larger than 20
dB.
[0052] FIG. 11 is an assembled view of a waveguide apparatus 60 in
accordance with a comparative embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 12 is a disassembled view of the waveguide apparatus 60 in
accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Compared to the waveguide apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 which is
diagonally divided into two substantially identical parts (the
first waveguide member 20 and the second waveguide member 30) shown
in FIG. 2, the waveguide apparatus 60 shown in FIG. 12 is centrally
divided into two substantially identical parts (a waveguide member
70 and a waveguide member 80).
[0053] In the waveguide apparatus 60 shown in FIG. 12, the
waveguide member 70 includes one wall 71 and two half walls 72, the
waveguide member 80 includes one wall 81 and two half walls 82, and
two of the four walls of the waveguide apparatus 60 are formed by
the combination of the waveguide member 70 and the waveguide member
80. In contrast, in the waveguide apparatus 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and
2, each part includes two of the four walls.
[0054] In the waveguide apparatus 60 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the
waveguide member 70 includes two corners 65A and 65D, and the
waveguide member 80 includes two corners 65B and 65C. In contrast,
in the waveguide apparatus 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each
waveguide member includes one of the four corners, and two of the
four corners of the waveguide apparatus 10 are formed by the
combination of the two waveguide members.
[0055] In the waveguide apparatus 10 shown in FIGS. 1-2, each
waveguide member includes two complete inner planes of the
waveguide, and the combination of the two waveguide members forms
the four inner planes of the waveguide. In the waveguide apparatus
60 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, each waveguide member includes one
complete inner plane and two half inner planes of the waveguide,
and the combination of the two parts forms two complete inner
planes from the four half inner planes (two half inner planes from
each part). The combination of the two waveguide members to form
the waveguide apparatus 60 may result in two inner planes having a
step structure at the interface of the two assembled waveguide
members due to a misalignment of the two waveguide members, and the
step structure may result in a serious degradation of the
electronic properties of the waveguide.
[0056] FIG. 13 is a measured frequency response diagram of the
waveguide apparatus 60 at the measurement point #1 (55.00 GHz) in
accordance with the comparative embodiment of the present
disclosure. FIG. 14 is a table showing the detailed electronic
properties of the waveguide apparatus 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2 and the
waveguide apparatus 60 of FIGS. 11 and 12 in accordance with the
present disclosure. As can be seen from FIG. 4 and the table in
FIG. 14, the direction difference between the E-plane and the
H-plane of the waveguide apparatus 10 at the measurement point #1
(55.00 GHz) is 0.8 degree; in contrast, referring to FIG. 13 and
the table in FIG. 14, the direction difference between the E-plane
and the H-plane of the waveguide apparatus 60 at the measurement
point #1 (55.00 GHz) is 4.2 degrees. Obviously, the waveguide
apparatus 60 suffers from a very serious degradation of the
electronic property (the direction difference between the E-plane
and the H-plane), due to the stepped structure of the inner plane
caused by misalignment of the two parts fainting the waveguide
apparatus 60.
[0057] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a
waveguide apparatus of two substantially identical waveguide
members for receiving wireless signals. Consequently, the two
waveguide members can be manufactured by substantially the same
fabrication process. In addition, the waveguide apparatus is
diagonally divided into two substantially identical waveguide
members, and the two waveguide members can be assembled to form the
waveguide apparatus substantially without a step structure in the
inner plane of the waveguide.
[0058] In some embodiments, a waveguide member includes a first
wall and a second wall forming a corner, wherein the waveguide
member includes at least one first hole penetrating the first wall
along a first direction and at least one second hole penetrating
the second wall along the first direction.
[0059] In some embodiments, a waveguide apparatus includes a first
waveguide member and a second waveguide member attached to the
first waveguide member to form a waveguide having an aperture for
receiving wireless signals; wherein the first waveguide member
includes a first wall and a second wall forming a first corner of
the aperture, the second waveguide member includes a third wall and
a fourth wall forming a third corner of the aperture, the second
wall and the third wall form a second corner of the aperture, and
the fourth wall and the first wall form a fourth corner of the
aperture.
[0060] Although the present disclosure and its advantages have been
described in detail, it should be understood that various changes,
substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing
from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the
appended claims. For example, many of the processes discussed above
can be implemented in different methodologies and replaced by other
processes, or a combination thereof.
[0061] Moreover, the scope of the present application is not
intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the
process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means,
methods and steps described in the specification. As one of
ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the
disclosure of the present disclosure, processes, machines,
manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps,
presently existing or later to be developed, that perform
substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same
result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be
utilized according to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the
appended claims are intended to include within their scope such
processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means,
methods, or steps.
* * * * *