U.S. patent application number 16/025760 was filed with the patent office on 2018-11-01 for bicycle apparatus.
The applicant listed for this patent is Shimano Inc.. Invention is credited to Shinichiro NODA, Makoto SHIMODA.
Application Number | 20180312216 16/025760 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 57135769 |
Filed Date | 2018-11-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180312216 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SHIMODA; Makoto ; et
al. |
November 1, 2018 |
BICYCLE APPARATUS
Abstract
A method of controlling an ABS unit is provided for controlling
a braking force that is applied to a front wheel and a rear wheel
of a bicycle. The method of controlling is operated by a control
device. The method comprises determining whether a vehicle speed of
the bicycle is less than a prescribed speed using the control
device. The method further comprises controlling the ABS unit using
the control device to not drive while the ABS unit is not running
and stop driving while the ABS unit is running upon determining
that the vehicle speed is less than the prescribed speed.
Inventors: |
SHIMODA; Makoto; (Osaka,
JP) ; NODA; Shinichiro; (Osaka, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Shimano Inc. |
Osaka |
|
JP |
|
|
Family ID: |
57135769 |
Appl. No.: |
16/025760 |
Filed: |
July 2, 2018 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
15099020 |
Apr 14, 2016 |
|
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|
16025760 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B62L 3/023 20130101;
Y02T 10/7258 20130101; B62M 6/55 20130101; B62J 27/00 20130101;
B60T 8/3225 20130101; Y02T 10/72 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B62L 3/02 20060101
B62L003/02; B62M 6/55 20060101 B62M006/55; B62J 27/00 20060101
B62J027/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 28, 2015 |
JP |
2015-091510 |
Claims
1. A method of controlling an ABS unit for controlling a braking
force that is applied to at least one of a front wheel and a rear
wheel of a bicycle, the method of controlling being operated by a
control device, the method comprising: determining whether a
vehicle speed of the bicycle is less than a prescribed speed using
the control device; and controlling the ABS unit using the control
device to not drive while the ABS unit is not running and stop
driving while the ABS unit is running upon determining that the
vehicle speed is less than the prescribed speed.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the prescribed speed
is 5 kilometers per hour.
3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein in the determining of
whether the vehicle speed of the bicycle is less than the
prescribed speed, the control device receives vehicle speed
information detected by a wheel detection device that detects a
rotational speed of one of the front and rear wheels.
4. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising receiving
information regarding an operating state of a brake lever from a
brake lever detection device, and operating the ABS unit using the
control device based on the operating state of the brake lever.
5. The method as recited in claim 4, further comprising controlling
the ABS unit in accordance with a first pattern in which the brake
lever is operated to increase hydraulic pressure applied to a brake
caliper as the brake lever is operated upon the control device
determining that the vehicle speed of the bicycle is greater than
or equal to the prescribed speed and a prescribed state does not
exists.
6. The method as recited in claim 5, further comprising controlling
the ABS unit to switch from the first pattern to a second pattern
in which hydraulic pressure applied to the brake caliper is reduced
upon the control device determining that the vehicle speed of the
bicycle is greater than or equal to the prescribed speed and the
prescribed state exists.
7. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising controlling
the ABS unit in accordance with a third pattern to maintain
constant hydraulic pressure applied to the brake caliper upon the
control device determining that a predetermined time has elapsed
since the ABS unit has been controlled in accordance with the
second pattern.
8. The method as recited in claim 7, wherein controlling the ABS
unit in accordance with the first, second and third patterns occurs
via control of first, second and third valves that supply hydraulic
pressure to the brake caliper.
9. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein controlling an output
of a motor that drives the ABS unit to control the braking force
upon determining that the brake lever has been operated and that
the vehicle speed of the bicycle is greater than or equal to the
prescribed speed.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation application of U.S.
application Ser. No. 15/099,020, filed on Apr. 14, 2016. The entire
disclosure of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/099,020 is hereby
incorporated herein by reference. This application claims priority
to Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-091510, filed on Apr. 28,
2015. The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No.
2015-091510 is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention generally relates to a bicycle
apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a
bicycle apparatus equipped with an ABS unit (Antilock Brake
System).
Background Information
[0003] A bicycle apparatus comprising an ABS unit is known. For
example, a bicycle apparatus having an ABS unit is disclosed in
International Publication No. WO 2014/108235. In the bicycle
apparatus of this publication, the ABS unit controls a braking
force that is applied to a wheel of a bicycle.
SUMMARY
[0004] Generally, the present disclosure is directed to various
features of a bicycle apparatus comprising an ABS unit.
[0005] The above-described bicycle apparatus is equipped with a
drive source for driving the ABS unit. For this reason, the bicycle
apparatus is increased in size as compared to a bicycle without an
ABS unit.
[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide a bicycle
apparatus which is not easily increased in size, even when equipped
with an ABS unit.
[0007] In view of the state of the known technology and in
accordance with an aspect of the disclosure, a method of
controlling an ABS unit is provided for controlling a braking force
that is applied to a front wheel and a rear wheel of a bicycle. The
method of controlling is operated by a control device. The method
comprises determining whether a vehicle speed of the bicycle is
less than a prescribed speed using the control device. The method
further comprises controlling the ABS unit using the control device
to not drive while the ABS unit is not running and stop driving
while the ABS unit is running upon determining that the vehicle
speed is less than the prescribed speed.
[0008] According to the bicycle apparatus described above, the size
in not easily increased even when mounting an ABS unit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Referring now to the attached drawings which form a part of
this original disclosure:
[0010] FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a bicycle that is
equipped with a bicycle apparatus that has an ABS unit in
accordance with a first embodiment.
[0011] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the bicycle illustrated in FIG.
1.
[0012] FIG. 3 is a flowchart for a control executed by the control
device illustrated in FIG. 1.
[0013] FIG. 4 is a flowchart for a control executed by the control
device illustrated in FIG. 1.
[0014] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a bicycle according to the
second embodiment.
[0015] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a modified example of the
bicycle.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0016] Selected embodiments will now be explained with reference to
the drawings. It will be apparent to those skilled in the bicycle
field from this disclosure that the following descriptions of the
embodiments are provided for illustration only and not for the
purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims
and their equivalents.
First Embodiment
[0017] Referring initially to FIG. 1, a bicycle 10 is illustrated
that is equipped in accordance with a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is
the outer appearance of an electrically assisted bicycle
(hereinafter referred to as "bicycle 10"). The bicycle 10 comprises
a frame 12, a front wheel 14, a rear wheel 16 and a handlebar 18.
The frame 12 forms the main body of the bicycle 10. The front wheel
14 and the rear wheel 16 are wheels which are rotatably attached to
the frame 12. The handlebar 18 is operated for changing the
orientation of the front wheel 14. The bicycle 10 further comprises
a pair of brake levers 20F and 20R which are operating devices that
are attached to the handlebar 18. The bicycle 10 further comprises
a brake device 22F (e.g., a front brake) for applying a braking
force to the front wheel 14, and a brake device 22R (e.g., a rear
brake) for applying a braking force to the rear wheel 16. The
diameter of the front wheel 14 and the rear wheel 16 are
substantially the same.
[0018] Each of the brake devices 22F and 22R are, for example, a
disc brake. The brake devices 22F and 22R are comprised of the disc
rotors 26F and 26R which are fixed to the hubs 24F and 24R so as to
be integrally rotated with the wheels, a pair of brake pads (not
shown), and the calipers 28F and 28R which brake the rotation of
the disk rotors 26F and 26R, by pressing the brake pads to the disk
rotors 26F and 26R.
[0019] The brake lever 20F among the pair of brake levers 20F and
20R is connected to the caliper 28F for braking the front wheel 14.
The brake lever 20R is connected to the caliper 28R for braking the
rear wheel 16. The calipers 28F and 28R squeeze the disk rotors 26F
and 26F via the brake pads, by the corresponding brake levers 20F
and 20R being operated. The rotation of the wheels is thereby
slowed or stopped but actuation of the calipers 28F and 28R.
[0020] Each of the brake levers 20F and 20R comprises a base
portion 21A, a lever portion 21B and a piston (not shown). The base
portion 21A is attached to the handlebar 18. The lever portion 21B
is rotatably coupled with the base portion 21A. The piston (not
shown) is coupled to the lever portion 21B. When the brake levers
20F and 20R are operated, the lever portions 21B are displaced with
respect to the base portions 21A, from their initial positions,
which are the positions of the lever portions 21B when a force is
not applied to them.
[0021] The bicycle 10 further comprises a drive mechanism 30 for
transmitting a drive force to the rear wheel. The drive mechanism
30 comprises a drive unit 32 which is detachably fixed to the frame
12. The drive mechanism 30 further comprises a crankshaft 34 which
is rotatably attached to the drive unit 32. The drive unit 32
comprises an assist motor 36 and a housing 38. The assist motor 36
is configured to add an assisting force to a manual drive force,
which is inputted from the crankshaft 34. The housing 38 is
configured to house a plurality of mechanical elements. The assist
motor 36 is an electric motor, and is provided to the housing 38.
The assist motor 36 can be provided to the internal space of the
housing 38. The bicycle 10 further comprises a battery 40 for
supplying electric power to the assist motor 36. The battery 40 is
attached to the frame 12.
[0022] The drive mechanism 30 further comprises a pair of crank
arms 42 and a pair of pedals 44. The crank arms 42 are coupled to
the crankshaft 34. One of the pedals 44 is rotatably attached to
one of the crank arms 42. The drive mechanism 30 further comprises
a front sprocket 48, a rear sprocket 50 and a chain 52. The front
sprocket 48 is coupled to the crankshaft 34 via a one-way clutch 46
(refer to FIG. 2). The rear sprocket 50 is rotatably attached to
the hub 24R of the rear wheel 16 via a free wheel (not shown). The
chain 52 is wound onto the front sprocket 48 and the rear sprocket
50.
[0023] If a manual drive force is inputted to the pedal 44 for
rotating the crank arm 42 in a forward driving direction, then the
crank arm 42 and the crankshaft 34 are integrally rotated forward
with respect to the frame 12. The rotation of the crankshaft 34
rotates the front sprocket 48, and the rotation of the front
sprocket 48 is then transmitted to the rear sprocket 50 and the
rear wheel 16 by the chain 52. On the other hand, if a manual drive
force is inputted to the pedal 44 for rotating the crank arm 42 in
a backward non-driving direction, and then the crank arm 42 and the
crankshaft 34 are integrally rotated backward with respect to the
frame 12. The rotation of the crankshaft 34 is not transmitted to
the front sprocket 48 by the one-way clutch 46.
[0024] The assist motor 36 is rotated in a first direction in
accordance with the manual drive force which rotates the crank arm
42 forward. When the assist motor 36 is rotated in the first
direction, the rotation of the assist motor 36 is transmitted to
the front sprocket 48 via a speed reducing mechanism (not shown)
and a one-way clutch 54 (refer to FIG. 2). Accordingly, an
assisting force is added to the manual drive force.
[0025] FIG. 2 shows the electrical or the mechanical connection
relationships of the bicycle 10 (refer to FIG. 1). The broken lines
of FIG. 2 show the electrical connection relationships of the
bicycle 10. The solid lines of FIG. 2 show the mechanical
connection relationships of the bicycle 10.
[0026] The bicycle 10 further comprises a bicycle apparatus 56
which is formed of a plurality of mechanical elements including the
drive unit 32 (refer to FIG. 1). The bicycle apparatus 56 comprises
an ABS unit 58F and a control device 60. The ABS unit 58F is driven
by the assist motor 36 for controlling a braking force which is
applied from the caliper 28F to the front wheel 14 (refer to FIG.
1). The control device 60 is programmed for controlling the assist
motor 36 and the ABS unit 58F. The ABS unit 58F is housed in the
internal space of the housing 38.
[0027] The ABS unit 58F comprises a pump 62 and a reservoir 64F.
The pump 62 supplies the hydraulic oil and applies a hydraulic
pressure to the caliper 28F. The reservoir 64F accumulates the
hydraulic oil. The pump 62 includes, for example, a piston pump, a
gear pump, or the like. A one-way clutch 66 is disposed between the
assist motor 36 and the pump 62. The one-way clutch 66 is a
compositional element of the bicycle apparatus 56. The pump 62 is
mechanically connected to the assist motor 36 via the one-way
clutch 66.
[0028] The one-way clutch 66 transmits the rotation of the assist
motor 36 to the pump 62, when an output shaft of the assist motor
36 is rotated in a second direction, which is the opposite of the
first direction. Accordingly, when the assist motor 36 is rotated
in the second direction, the pump 62 is driven via the one-way
clutch 66. On the other hand, the one-way clutch 66 does not
transmit the rotation of the assist motor 36 to the pump 62, when
the output shaft of the assist motor 36 is rotated in the first
direction. The bicycle apparatus 56 can further comprise a speed
reducing mechanism (not shown) on a power transmission path between
the assist motor 36 and the pump 62.
[0029] The ABS unit 58F further comprises a first valve 68F and a
second valve 70F which adjust the hydraulic pressure which is
applied to the caliper 28F. The first valve 68F is disposed on a
pipeline which connects the brake lever 20F and the caliper 28F.
The second valve 70F is disposed on a pipeline which connects the
caliper 28F and the reservoir 64F.
[0030] The first valve 68F and the second valve 70F include a
solenoid valve or a motorized valve. When each of the valves 68F
and 70F includes a solenoid valve, preferably from the point of
view of suppressing the waste of the power, the solenoid valve of
the first valve 68F is opened when power not provided and the
solenoid valve of the second valve 70F is closed when power not
provided. The hydraulic pressure that is applied to the caliper 28F
is controlled by the control device 60 for controlling the opening
and closing of each of the valves 68F and 70F.
[0031] When the hydraulic pressure that is applied to the caliper
28F is high, the caliper 28F is brought close to the disk rotor 26F
(refer to FIG. 1). In this case, the caliper 28F squeezes the disk
rotor 26F via the brake pad, and the rotation of the front wheel 14
is braked. On the other hand, when the hydraulic pressure that is
applied to the caliper 28F is low, the caliper 28F is separated
from the disk rotor 26F. Accordingly, the rotation of the front
wheel 14 is not braked.
[0032] The hydraulic oil that is supplied from the pump 62 flows
through the first pipeline 72F, the second pipeline 74F, and the
third pipeline 76F. The first pipeline 72F, the second pipeline
74F, and the third pipeline 76F are each a pipeline that branches
into three. The three ends of the first pipeline 72F are connected
to the brake lever 20F, the pump 62, and the first valve 68F. The
three ends of the second pipeline 74F are connected to the caliper
28F, the first valve 68F, and the second valve 70F. The three ends
of the third pipeline 76F are connected to the pump 62, the
reservoir 64F, and the second valve 70F.
[0033] The ABS unit 58F further comprises a first check valve 78F
and a second check valve 80F. The first check valve 78F is disposed
in the first pipeline 72F. The second check valve 80F is disposed
in the third pipeline 76F. The first check valve 78F enables the
hydraulic oil to flow from the pump 62 to the brake lever 20F, and
does not allow the hydraulic oil to flow to in the opposite
direction. The second check valve 80F enables the hydraulic oil to
flow from the reservoir 64F to the pump 62, and does not allow the
hydraulic oil to flow in the opposite direction. Accordingly, the
hydraulic oil is supplied from the third pipeline 76F, which is
connected to the reservoir 64F, to the first pipeline 72F, by the
pump 62 being driven. When the pump 62 is driven, the hydraulic
pressure of the first pipeline 72F is raised. Further, if the
second valve 70F is opened, then the hydraulic oil flows from the
second pipeline 74F to the third pipeline 76F via the second valve
70F, along with the pump 62 being driven.
[0034] The bicycle 10 further comprises a first detection device
82F (e.g., a brake lever detection device), a second detection
device 84F (e.g., a front wheel detection device) and a second
detection device 84R (e.g., a rear wheel detection device). The
first detection device 82F is configured to detect the operating
state of the brake lever 20F. The second detection device 84F is
configured to detect the rotation state of the front wheel 14. The
second detection device 84R is configured to detect the rotation
state of the rear wheel 16 (refer to FIG. 1). The first detection
device 82F and each of the second detection devices 84F and 84R are
electrically connected to the control device 60.
[0035] The first detection device 82F is a first sensor for
detecting whether or not a user is operating the lever portion 21B
of the brake lever 20F (refer to FIG. 1). The first detection
device 82F is, for example an angle sensor which is attached to the
brake lever 20F. The angle sensor includes, for example, a
potentiometer, a magnetic sensor, an optical sensor, or the like.
The first detection device 82F is configured to detect the
operating state of the brake lever 20F by detecting the operation
angle, which is the angle of the lever portion 21B with respect to
the base portion 21A (refer to FIG. 1). Meanwhile, in the case that
the angle sensor includes a magnetic sensor, a magnetic sensor
provided to the base portion 21A detects the movement of a magnet
provided to the lever portion 21B.
[0036] The second detection device 84F comprises a magnetic sensor
and a magnet. The magnetic sensor of the second detection device
84F is attached to, for example, the frame 12 (refer to FIG. 1) in
the vicinity of the front wheel 14. The magnet of the second
detection device 84F is attached to the disk rotor 26F or the spoke
of the front wheel 14. The second detection device 84F detects the
rotational speed of the front wheel 14 in the rotation state, by
the magnetic sensor detecting the magnet. The second detection
device 84F can be provided with several magnets, which are arranged
to rotate along with the front wheel 14. These magnets can be
provided in the circumferential direction of the front wheel 14,
and can be formed in an annular shape and magnetized in alternately
different polarities in the circumferential direction.
[0037] The second detection device 84R comprises a magnetic sensor
and a magnet. The magnetic sensor of the second detection device
84R is attached to, for example, the frame 12 in the vicinity of
the rear wheel 16. The magnet of the second detection device 84R is
attached to the disk rotor 26R or the spoke of the rear wheel 16.
The second detection device 84R detects the rotational speed of the
rear wheel 16 in the rotation state, by the magnetic sensor
detecting the magnet. The second detection device 84R can be
provided with several magnets, which arranged to rotate along with
the rear wheel 16. These magnets can be provided in the
circumferential direction of the rear wheel 16, and can be formed
in an annular shape and magnetized with alternately different
polarities in the circumferential direction.
[0038] The control device 60 calculates the vehicle speed, which is
the speed of the bicycle 10, on the basis of the detection result
of at least one rotational speed of the front wheel 14 and the rear
wheel 16, which is detected by each of the second detection devices
84F and 84R. The control device 60 calculates the vehicle speed of
the bicycle 10, on the basis of the detection result of the higher
rotational speed, of the detection results of the second detection
devices 84F and 84R.
[0039] The bicycle 10 further comprises an operating unit 86 and a
torque sensor 87. The operating unit 86 is attached to the
handlebar 18 (refer to FIG. 1), and is operated for switching the
operation mode of the assist motor 36. The torque sensor 87 is
configured to detect the manual drive force. The operating unit 86
and the torque sensor 87 are electrically connected to the control
device 60. The torque sensor 87 is provided on a power transmission
path between, for example, the crankshaft 34 and the front sprocket
48. The torque sensor 87 includes, for example, a strain sensor or
a magnetostrictive sensor.
[0040] The operating unit 86 comprises an assist selection switch
(not shown) for selecting the operation mode of the assist motor
36. When the operation mode of the assist motor 36 is set to an
assist ON mode by the assist selection switch, power is supplied
from the battery 40 (refer to FIG. 1) to the assist motor 36 in
accordance with the detection result of the torque sensor 87. On
the other hand, when the operation mode of the assist motor 36 is
set to an assist OFF mode by the assist selection switch, the
manual drive force is not assisted by the assist motor 36.
[0041] The operating unit 86 further comprises an ABS operation
changeover switch (not shown) for switching between an ABS
operating mode which puts the ABS unit 58F in an operable state,
and an ABS non-operating mode which puts the ABS unit 58F in a
non-operating state. The control of the ABS unit 58F by the control
device 60 is carried out by the ABS non-operating mode being
switched to the ABS operating mode by the ABS operation changeover
switch. The control of the ABS unit 58F by the control device 60 is
not dependent on an operation of the assist selection switch.
[0042] The control device 60 controls the output and the rotational
direction of the assist motor 36, on the basis of the detection
results of the first detection device 82F and the second detection
devices 84F and 84R. The control device 60 comprises a
microprocessor and a memory. The control device 60 is operated by
the microprocessor executing a program which is stored in the
memory. The control device 60 switches the open/close state of the
first valve 68F and the second valve 70F between a first pattern, a
second pattern, and a third pattern, on the basis of the detection
results of the first detection device 82F and the second detection
devices 84F and 84R. Table 1 shows the open/close state of the
first valve 68F and the second valve 70F in each of the
patterns.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 opened/closed state first valve second valve
first pattern opened closed second pattern closed opened third
pattern closed closed
[0043] The first pattern is a state in which the first valve 68F is
opened and the second valve 70F is closed. The second pattern is a
state in which the first valve 68F is closed and the second valve
70F is opened. The third pattern is a state in which both the first
valve 68F and the second valve 70F are closed. When set to the ABS
non-operating mode by the operating unit 86, the first pattern is
selected.
[0044] When the first pattern is selected, a piston of the brake
lever 20F compresses the hydraulic oil in the first pipeline 72F
and the second pipeline 74F, by the brake lever 20F being operated.
That is, the hydraulic pressure of the second pipeline 74F is
raised, and the hydraulic pressure which is applied to the caliper
28F is increased. Accordingly, the caliper 28F squeezes the disk
rotor 26F via the brake pad, and the rotation of the front wheel 14
is braked, by the brake lever 20F being operated.
[0045] When the second pattern is selected, the hydraulic oil in
the second pipeline 74F is moved into the third pipeline 76F;
therefore, the hydraulic pressure of the second pipeline 74F is
reduced. Accordingly, the hydraulic pressure which is applied to
the caliper 28F is also reduced, and the braking force which is
applied to the front wheel 14 is weakened. The hydraulic oil of the
third pipeline 76F flows into the reservoir 64F and the pump 62. In
the second pattern, since the first valve 68F is closed, the
hydraulic pressure of the second pipeline 74F does not change even
if the brake lever 20F is operated. Accordingly, the braking force
which is applied to the front wheel 14 is not dependent on the
operation of the brake lever 20F.
[0046] When the third pattern is selected, the hydraulic oil in the
second pipeline 74F is held in the second pipeline 74F; therefore,
the hydraulic pressure of the second pipeline 74F is maintained.
Accordingly, the hydraulic pressure which is applied to the caliper
28F is also maintained, and the braking force which is applied to
the front wheel 14 is kept constant. In the third pattern, since
the first valve 68F is closed, the braking force which is applied
to the front wheel 14 is not dependent on the operation of the
brake lever 20F, in the same way as in the second pattern.
[0047] FIGS. 3 and 4 are flowcharts of the ABS operation control
which is executed by the control device 60. The control device 60
starts the steps shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, by being set to the ABS
operating mode by the operating unit 86. Thus, when set to the ABS
operating mode, the steps shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are started by
turning ON the power of the control device 60. The ON and OFF of
the power of the control device 60 is switched by the operating
unit 86. Here, a case in which the assist ON mode is selected by
the operating unit 86 will be described.
[0048] The control device 60 causes the assist motor 36 to be
rotated in the first direction in accordance with the manual drive
force. Further, the open/close state of the valves 68F and 70F is
maintained in the first pattern until switched by the control
device 60.
[0049] The control device 60 determines whether or not the brake
lever 20F is being operated on the basis of the detection result of
the first detection device 82F, in step S1. If the brake lever 20F
is determined to be not operated in step S1, the steps of step S1
are executed again. On the other hand, if the brake lever 20F is
determined to be operated in step S1, the steps of step S2 are
executed. When executing an ABS operation control only to the front
wheel 14 as in the present first embodiment, only the brake lever
20F which corresponds to the front wheel 14 is set as the detection
target. On the other hand, when executing an ABS operation control
only to the rear wheel 16, only the brake lever 20R which
corresponds to the rear wheel 16 is set as the detection
target.
[0050] The control device 60 reduces the output of the assist motor
36 when causing the assist motor 36 to be rotated in the first
direction in accordance with the manual drive force, in step S2.
Then, the control device 60 ultimately stops the assist motor 36 by
causing the output of the assist motor 36 to be reduced.
[0051] The control device 60 determines whether or not the vehicle
speed of the bicycle 10 is greater than or equal to a prescribed
speed, on the basis of the detection results of the second
detection devices 84F and 84R, in step S3. The prescribed speed is
preferably a speed of, for example, less than or equal to 5
km/hour. If the vehicle speed is determined to be greater than or
equal to the prescribed speed in step S3, the steps of step S4 are
executed.
[0052] The control device 60 determines whether or not the state of
the bicycle 10 is in a prescribed state, on the basis of the
detection results of the second detection devices 84F and 84R, in
step S4. The prescribed state is a state in which at least one of
the following is established: a state in which the difference
between the rotational speed of the front wheel 14 and the
rotational speed of the rear wheel 16 is greater than or equal to a
prescribed speed, and, a state in which a change in the rotational
speed that is greater than or equal to a prescribed value has
occurred in the wheels.
[0053] When executing an ABS operation control only to the front
wheel 14, as in the present first embodiment, only the front wheel
14 is set as the detection target, in terms of whether or not the
state is one in which a change in the rotational speed that is
greater than or equal to the prescribed value has occurred in the
wheels. On the other hand, when executing an ABS operation control
only to the rear wheel 16, only the rear wheel 16 is set as the
detection target, in terms of whether or not the state is one in
which a change in the rotational speed that is greater than or
equal to the prescribed value has occurred in the wheels. The
prescribed state being established suggests the possibility that
the front wheel 14, which is braked by an operation of the brake
lever 20F, will be locked.
[0054] If the state of the bicycle 10 is determined to be in the
prescribed state in step S4, the steps of the step S6 is executed.
On the other hand, if the vehicle speed is determined to be less
than the prescribed speed in the step S3, or, if the state of the
bicycle 10 is determined to be not in the prescribed state in the
step S4, the steps of the step S5 is executed.
[0055] The control device 60 returns the output of the assist motor
36 so that a drive force corresponding to the manual drive force
will be outputted from the assist motor 36, in step S5. That is,
the control device 60 returns the output of the assist motor 36,
which was caused to be forcibly reduced in the step S2, to a state
in which a drive force corresponding to the manual drive force is
outputted. Then, after finishing the steps of step S5, the control
device 60 executes the steps of the step S1 again.
[0056] The control device 60 switches the open/close state of the
first valve 68F and the second valve 70F from the first pattern to
the second pattern, in the step S6. Accordingly, the first valve
68F is closed and the second valve 70F is opened. Accordingly, the
hydraulic pressure which is applied to the caliper 28F is reduced,
and the braking force which is applied to the front wheel 14 is
weakened.
[0057] The control device 60 causes the assist motor 36 to be
rotated in the second direction, in the step S7. Drive force is
transmitted from the assist motor 36 to the pump 62 and the pump 62
is driven by the assist motor 36 being rotated in the second
direction. Accordingly, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the first
pipeline 72F and the hydraulic pressure of the first pipeline 72F
starts to be raised. With the hydraulic pressure of the first
pipeline 72F being raised, the lever portion 21B of the brake lever
20F is pushed back toward the initial position.
[0058] The control device 60 determines whether or not a prescribed
time has elapsed since executing the steps of the step S6, in the
step S8. If the prescribed time is determined to have not elapsed
in step S8, the steps of step S8 is executed again. On the other
hand, if the prescribed time is determined to have elapsed in the
step S8, the steps of the step S9 is executed.
[0059] The control device 60 switches the open/close state of the
first valve 68F and the second valve 70F from the second pattern to
the third pattern, in the step S9. Accordingly, both the first
valve 68F and the second valve 70F are closed. Accordingly, the
hydraulic pressure which is applied to the caliper 28F is
maintained, and the braking force which is applied to the front
wheel 14 is kept constant. The hydraulic pressure which is applied
to the caliper 28F is continuously lowered until the valves 68F and
70F are switched from the second pattern to the third pattern.
[0060] The control device 60 determines whether or not the brake
lever 20F is being operated on the basis of the detection result of
the first detection device 82F, in the step S10. If the brake lever
20F is determined to be operated in step S10, the steps of the step
S11 is executed.
[0061] The control device 60 determines whether or not the vehicle
speed of the bicycle 10 is greater than or equal to a prescribed
speed, on the basis of the detection results of the second
detection devices 84F and 84R, in the step S11. The prescribed
speed is preferably a speed of, for example, less than or equal to
5 km/hour. If the vehicle speed is determined to be greater than or
equal to the prescribed speed in the step S11, the steps of the
step S13 are executed. On the other hand, if the brake lever 20F is
determined to be not operated in step S10, or, if the vehicle speed
is determined to be less than the prescribed speed in step S11, the
steps of the step S12 is executed.
[0062] The control device 60 switches the open/close state of the
first valve 68F and the second valve 70F from the third pattern to
the first pattern, in the step S12. Accordingly, the first valve
68F is opened and the second valve 70F is closed. Accordingly, the
rotation of the front wheel 14 will be braked in conjunction with
an operation of the brake lever 20F. Then, after finishing the
steps of the step S12, the control device 60 executes the steps of
the step S19 again.
[0063] In the step S13, the control device 60 executes
substantially the same step as the step that is executed in the
step S4. If the state of the bicycle 10 is determined to be in the
prescribed state in the step S13, the step S14 is executed.
[0064] In step S14, the control device 60 executes substantially
the same step as the step that is executed in step S6. Then, after
finishing the step S14, the control device 60 executes the step S8
again. When executing the step S8 after the step S14, the control
device 60 determines whether or not a prescribed time has elapsed
since executing the step S14.
[0065] On the other hand, if the state of the bicycle 10 is
determined to be not in the prescribed state in step S13, the step
S15 is executed. In step S15, the control device 60 executes
substantially the same step as the step that is executed in step
S12.
[0066] The control device 60 determines whether or not the brake
lever 20F is being operated on the basis of the detection result of
the first detection device 82F, in step S16. If the brake lever 20F
is determined to be operated in step S16, the step S17 is
executed.
[0067] The control device 60 determines whether or not the vehicle
speed of the bicycle 10 is greater than or equal to a prescribed
speed, on the basis of the detection results of the second
detection devices 84F and 84R, in step S17. The prescribed speed is
preferably a speed of, for example, less than or equal to 5
km/hour. If the vehicle speed is determined to be greater than or
equal to the prescribed speed in step S17, the step S18 is
executed. On the other hand, if the brake lever 20F is determined
to be not operated in step S16, or, if the vehicle speed is
determined to be less than the prescribed speed in step S17, the
step S19 is executed.
[0068] In step S18, the control device 60 executes substantially
the same step as the step that is executed in step S4. If the state
of the bicycle 10 is determined to be in the prescribed state in
step S18, the step S14 is executed. On the other hand, if the state
of the bicycle 10 is determined to be not in the prescribed state
in step S18, the step S19 is executed.
[0069] The control device 60 determines whether or not a prescribed
time has elapsed since executing the step S6 or the step S14, in
the step S19. Specifically, whether or not a prescribed time has
elapsed since the last step in which the open/close state of the
valves 68F and 70F was switched to the second pattern is
determined. The prescribed time is determined in advance, for
example, on the basis of the time necessary to raise the amount of
the hydraulic oil in the first pipeline 72F and the second pipeline
74F to a prescribed amount. The prescribed amount is, for example,
substantially the same amount as the state prior to the step
S6.
[0070] If the prescribed time is determined to have not elapsed in
step S19, the step S19 is executed again. On the other hand, if the
prescribed time is determined to have elapsed in step S19, the step
S20 is executed.
[0071] The control device 60 stops the rotation of the assist motor
36 in the second direction, in step S20. Accordingly, the driving
of the pump 62 is stopped. The control device 60 repeatedly
executes the steps of the steps S1 to S20 until the ABS operating
mode is switched to the ABS non-operating mode by the operating
unit 86. If the assist OFF mode is selected by the operating unit
86, an ABS operation control in which the steps of the step S2 and
the step S5 are omitted from the step shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is
executed.
[0072] The action of the bicycle apparatus 56 will be described
with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0073] The user operates the operating unit 86 before boarding, or
while riding, the bicycle 10. The assist motor 36 is rotated in the
first direction in accordance with the manual drive force that is
inputted to the pedal 44, and an assisting force is added to the
manual drive force, with the mode being set to the assist ON mode
by the operating unit 86.
[0074] If the user operates the brake lever 20F when the vehicle
speed is greater than or equal to a prescribed speed, then there
are cases in which the front wheel 14 will be locked, depending on
the state of the road surface or the strength with which the user
grips the brake lever 20F. At this time, the assist motor 36 and
the ABS unit 58F are controlled by the control device 60, and the
braking force which is applied to the front wheel 14 of the bicycle
10 is controlled. Specifically, the steps S1 to S20 shown in FIGS.
3 and 4 are repeatedly executed, with the mode being set to the ABS
operating mode by the operating unit 86.
[0075] Accordingly, even if the front wheel 14 is about to be
locked following an operation of the brake lever 20F, the ABS unit
58F is driven by the control device 60 and the front wheel 14 is
restored to the normal state. Accordingly, the user is less likely
to lose balance during traveling.
[0076] Further, the pump 62 of the ABS unit 58F is driven by the
assist motor 36 being rotated in the second direction. That is,
assisting force is added to the manual drive force by the assist
motor 36 being rotated in the first direction, and the pump 62 is
driven by the assist motor 36 being rotated in the second
direction. Accordingly, compared to a configuration in which
assisting force is added to the manual drive force by the assist
motor 36 and the pump 62 is driven by a drive source which is
different from the assist motor 36, the bicycle apparatus 56 is
less likely to be increased in size. Accordingly, the embodiment
can contribute to the reduction in size and weight of the bicycle
10.
[0077] According to the bicycle apparatus 56 of the first
embodiment, the following effects are further achieved.
[0078] (1) The bicycle apparatus 56 causes the control device 60 to
reduce the output of the assist motor 36, if the brake lever 20F is
operated when the assist motor 36 is being rotated in the first
direction. Accordingly, when the front wheel 14 is about to be
locked following an operation of the brake lever 20F, the user is
less likely to lose balance during traveling, since the output of
the assist motor 36 is small.
[0079] (2) In the bicycle apparatus 56, the hydraulic pressure
which is applied to the caliper 28F is reduced, and the pump 62 is
driven by the assist motor 36 being rotated in the second
direction, by the assist motor 36 and the ABS unit 58F being
controlled by the control device 60. Accordingly, compared to a
configuration in which the pump 62 is driven after reducing the
hydraulic pressure that is applied to the caliper 28F, the amount
of the hydraulic oil which flows in the first pipeline 72F and the
second pipeline 74F can be raised at an early stage to a prescribed
amount more easily.
[0080] (3) In the case that the rotational speed of the wheels of
the bicycle 10 is less than a prescribed speed, that is, in the
case that the vehicle speed of the bicycle 10 is less than a
prescribed speed, the user is less likely to lose balance while
traveling, even if the wheels are locked. In light of this point,
the bicycle apparatus 56 does not drive the ABS unit 58F, or stops
the driving of the ABS unit 58F, when the vehicle speed is
determined to be in a state of less than a prescribed speed by the
control device 60. Accordingly, the waste of power can be
suppressed compared to a configuration in which the ABS unit 58F is
driven, or a configuration in which the ABS unit 58F is continued
to be driven, even when the vehicle speed is less than a prescribed
speed.
[0081] (4) In the bicycle apparatus 56, the assist motor 36 and the
ABS unit 58F are housed in the internal space of the housing 38.
Accordingly, compared to a configuration in which a part of or all
of the ABS unit 58F is provided outside the housing 38, the
embodiment can contribute to the protection of the ABS unit
58F.
[0082] (5) According to the bicycle 10, there are cases in which
the front wheel 14 will be about to be locked again when the brake
lever 20F is being operated, even after the front wheel 14 is
restored to the normal state by the hydraulic pressure which is
applied to the caliper 28F being reduced following an operation of
the ABS unit 58F. In light of this point, in the bicycle apparatus
56, the control device 60 executes the steps of step S16-step S18
after the front wheel 14 is restored to the normal state by the
hydraulic pressure which is applied to the caliper 28F being
reduced. Accordingly, the user is less likely to lose balance even
when the wheel is about to be locked again, since the ABS unit 58F
will be operated again.
Second Embodiment
[0083] The bicycle apparatus 56 according to the second embodiment
differs from the bicycle apparatus 56 according to the first
embodiment in the points described below, and comprises
configurations that are substantially the same as the bicycle
apparatus 56 according to the first embodiment in the other points.
In the description of the bicycle apparatus 56 according to the
second embodiment, the same reference symbols are given to
configurations that are shared with the bicycle apparatus 56
according to the first embodiment, and some or all of the
descriptions of the configurations thereof are omitted.
[0084] FIG. 5 shows the electrical or the mechanical connection
relationships of the bicycle 10 (refer to FIG. 1). The broken lines
of FIG. 5 show the electrical connection relationships of the
bicycle 10. The solid lines of FIG. 5 show the mechanical
connection relationships of the bicycle 10.
[0085] The bicycle apparatus 56 comprises an ABS unit, which is
driven by the assist motor 36, for controlling the braking force
which is applied from the calipers 28F and 28R to the wheels. The
ABS unit includes a first ABS unit 58F and a second ABS unit. The
first ABS unit 58F is configured to control the braking force which
is applied to the front wheel 14 (refer to FIG. 1). The second ABS
unit 58R is configured to control the braking force which is
applied to the rear wheel 16 (refer to FIG. 1). The ABS units 58F
and 58R are housed in the internal space of the housing 38. The
control device 60 controls the assist motor 36, the first ABS unit
58F and the second ABS unit 58R. Since the configuration of the
first ABS unit 58F is substantially the same as the ABS unit 58F of
the first embodiment, a part or all of the description thereof will
be omitted.
[0086] The second ABS unit 58R comprises a pump 62 which is shared
with the first ABS unit 58F, and a reservoir 64R which accumulates
the hydraulic oil. The pump 62 is a common compositional element
among the ABS units 58F and 58R, and plays the role of providing
hydraulic pressure to the calipers 28F and 28R. The pump 62 can be
provided to each of the ABS units 58F and 58R.
[0087] The second ABS unit 58R further comprises a first valve 68R
and a second valve 70R for adjusting the hydraulic pressure which
is applied to the caliper 28R. The first valve 68R has
substantially the same configuration as the first valve 68F in the
first ABS unit 58F. The first valve 68R is disposed on a pipeline
which connects the brake lever 20R and the caliper 28R. The second
valve 70R has substantially the same configuration as the second
valve 70F in the first ABS unit 58F. The second valve 70R is
disposed on a pipeline which connects the caliper 28R and the
reservoir 64R.
[0088] When the hydraulic pressure that is applied to the caliper
28R is high, the caliper 28R is brought close to the disk rotor 26R
(refer to FIG. 1). In this case, the caliper 28R squeezes the disk
rotor 26R via the brake pad, and the rotation of the rear wheel 16
is braked. On the other hand, when the hydraulic pressure that is
applied to the caliper 28R is low, the caliper 28R is separated
from the disk rotor 26R. Accordingly, the rotation of the rear
wheel 16 is not braked.
[0089] The hydraulic oil that is supplied from the pump 62 flows
through the first pipeline 72F, the second pipeline 74F, and the
third pipeline 76F in the first ABS unit 58F, as well as flowing
through the first pipeline 72R, the second pipeline 74R, and the
third pipeline 76R in the second ABS unit 58R. The first pipeline
72R, the second pipeline 74R, and the third pipeline 76R are each a
pipeline that branches into three.
[0090] Each end of the first pipeline 72R is connected to the brake
lever 20R, the pump 62, and the first valve 68R. The first pipeline
72R is connected to the pump 62 by being connected to a portion
between the pump 62 and the first check valve 78F of the first
pipeline 72F. Each end of the second pipeline 74R is connected to
the caliper 28R, the first valve 68R, and the second valve 70R.
Each end of the third pipeline 76R is connected to the pump 62, the
reservoir 64R, and the second valve 70R. The third pipeline 76R is
connected to the pump 62 by being connected to a portion between
the pump 62 and the second check valve 80F of the third pipeline
76F.
[0091] The second ABS unit 58R further comprises a first check
valve 78R and a second check valve 80R. The first check valve 78R
is disposed on the first pipeline 72R. The second check valve 80R
which is disposed on the third pipeline 76R. The first check valve
78R has substantially the same configuration as the first check
valve 78F in the first ABS unit 58F. The second check valve 80R has
substantially the same configuration as the second check valve 80F
in the first ABS unit 58F.
[0092] The bicycle 10 further comprises a first detection device
82R (e.g., a brake lever detection device) for detecting the
operating state of the brake lever 20R. The first detection device
82R has substantially the same configuration as the first detection
device 82F. The first detection device 82R is electrically
connected to the control device 60.
[0093] The operating unit 86 further comprises an ABS operation
changeover switch (not shown) for switching between an ABS
operating mode which puts the ABS units 58F and 58R in an operable
state, and an ABS non-operating mode which puts the ABS unit 58F
and 58R in a non-operating state.
[0094] The control device 60 controls the output and the rotational
direction of the assist motor 36, on the basis of the detection
results of the first detection devices 82F and 82R and the second
detection devices 84F and 84R. The control device 60 switches the
open/close state of the first valve 68F and the second valve 70F in
the first ABS unit 58F, and the open/close state of the first valve
68R and the second valve 70R in the second ABS unit 58R, on the
basis of the detection results of the first detection devices 82F
and 82R and the second detection devices 84F and 84R. The control
regarding the switching of the open/close state of the valves 68R
and 70R in the second ABS unit 58R is substantially the same as the
control regarding the switching of the open/close state of the
valves 68F and 70F in the first ABS unit 58F.
[0095] The control device 60 starts the step shown in FIGS. 3 and
4, by being set to the ABS operating mode by the operating unit 86.
The control device 60 determines whether or not the brake levers
20F and 20R are being operated on the basis of the first detection
devices 82F and 82R, in the step S1, the step S10 and the step S16.
When at least one of the brake levers 20F and 20R is being
operated, the brake levers 20F and 20R are determined to be
operated.
[0096] The control device 60 switches the open/close state of at
least one of the first valve 68F and the second valve 70F in the
first ABS unit 58F, and the first valve 68R and the second valve
70R in the second ABS unit 58R, from the first pattern to the
second pattern, in the step S6.
[0097] For example, the control device 60 operates the ABS unit 58F
and 58R that corresponds to the wheel in which a change in the
rotational speed of a prescribed value or greater is detected in
the step S4. That is, when the state is determined to be one in
which a change in the rotational speed which is greater than or
equal to a prescribed value has occurred in the rear wheel 16 in
step S4, the control device 60 switches the open/close state of the
first valve 68R and the second valve 70R in the second ABS unit
58R, from the first pattern to the second pattern, in step S6.
[0098] Further, the control device 60 operates the ABS unit 58F and
58R that corresponds to the wheel with the lower rotational speed,
when, for example, the difference between the rotational speed of
the front wheel 14 and the rotational speed of the rear wheel 16 is
detected to have become greater than or equal to a prescribed
speed, in step S4. That is, when the rotational speed of the rear
wheel 16 is determined to be lower than the rotational speed of the
front wheel 14 by a prescribed speed or more in the step S4, the
control device 60 switches the open/close state of the first valve
68R and the second valve 70R in the second ABS unit 58R, from the
first pattern to the second pattern, in the step S6. The same
applies to the step S14 as the step S6.
[0099] The action of the bicycle apparatus 56 will be described
with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5. If the user operates the brake
levers 20F and 20R when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal
to a prescribed speed, there are cases in which at least one of the
front wheel 14 and the rear wheel 16 will be locked, depending on
the state of the road surface or the strength with which the user
grips the brake levers 20F and 20R. At this time, the assist motor
36 and the ABS units 58F and 58R are controlled by the control
device 60, and the braking force which is applied to the front
wheel of the bicycle 10 is controlled.
[0100] Accordingly, even if at least one of the front wheel 14 and
the rear wheel 16 is about to be locked following an operation of
the brake levers 20F and 20R, the ABS units 58F and 58R are driven
by the control device 60 and the wheels are restored to the normal
state. Accordingly, the user is less likely to lose balance during
traveling.
[0101] According to the bicycle apparatus 56 of the second
embodiment, the following effects are obtained in addition to the
effects of (1) to (5) obtained according to the first
embodiment.
[0102] (6) The bicycle apparatus 56 comprises the first ABS unit
58F for controlling the braking force which is applied to the front
wheel 14, and the second ABS unit 58R for controlling the braking
force which is applied to the rear wheel 16. Accordingly, even if
one or both of the front wheel 14 and the rear wheel 16 are about
to be locked following an operation of the brake levers 20F and
20R, the front wheel 14 and the rear wheel 16 are restored to the
normal state, by the ABS units 58F and 58R being operated.
Accordingly, the user is less likely to lose balance during
traveling, compared to a configuration in which only one of the
first ABS unit 58F or the second ABS unit 58R is provided.
Modified Examples
[0103] The descriptions relating to each embodiment are examples of
forms that the bicycle apparatus according to the present invention
can take, and are not intended to limit the forms thereof. The
bicycle apparatus according to the present invention can, in
addition to the embodiments, take the forms of the modified
examples of the embodiments shown below, as well as forms that
combine at least two modified examples that are not mutually
exclusive. [0104] The control device 60 of a modified example
executes the step S6 and the step S7 simultaneously in the ABS
operation control. The control device 60 of another modified
example executes the step S7 before the step S6 in the ABS
operation control. [0105] According to the control device 60 of a
modified example, the step S16 to step S18 are omitted from the
step shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the ABS operation control. [0106]
According to the control device 60 of a modified example, the step
19 is omitted from the step shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the ABS
operation control. According to this modified example, the
high-performance assist motor 36 which can drive the pump 62 so as
to raise the amount of hydraulic pressure in a short period of time
is preferably used. [0107] According to the control device 60 of a
modified example, the state in which the difference between the
rotational speed of the front wheel 14 and the rotational speed of
the rear wheel 16 has become greater than or equal to a prescribed
speed is omitted from the prescribed state which is determined in
the step S4, the step S13 and the step S18, shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
[0108] The first detection devices 82F and 82R of a modified
example are, instead an angle sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor
for detecting the hydraulic pressure of the first pipeline 72F and
72R. A hydraulic pressure sensor includes, for example, a pressure
sensor which is provided on the inner wall of the first pipeline
72F and 72R. [0109] The operating device of a modified example
includes a grip, which brakes the rotation of the wheels when
rotated around the axis of the handlebar 18 with respect to the
handlebar 18, instead of the brake levers 20F and 20R. According to
this modified example, the braking force which is applied to the
wheels is adjusted according to the rotation amount of the grip.
The operating device of another modified example includes a button
which is attached to the handlebar 18, instead of the brake levers
20F and 20R. According to this other modified example, the braking
force which is applied to the wheels is adjusted according to the
amount that the button is pressed. [0110] The brake devices 22F and
22R of a modified example is, for example, a rim brake or a
cantilever brake, instead of a disc brake. [0111] The bicycle
apparatus 56 of a modified example of the first embodiment
comprises an ABS unit 58R for controlling the braking force which
is applied to the rear wheel 16, instead of the ABS unit 58F. The
ABS unit 58R has substantially the same configuration as the second
ABS unit 58R of the second embodiment. [0112] According to the
bicycle apparatus 56 of a modified example of the first embodiment,
the ABS unit 58F is attached to the outside of the housing 38. As
shown in FIG. 6, the bicycle apparatus 56 further comprises a case
88 which is attached, for example, to the outside of the housing
38. According to this modified example, the ABS unit 58F is housed
in the internal space of the case 88. The same modification can be
realized in the second embodiment as well. According to the bicycle
apparatus 56 of a modified example of the second embodiment, for
example, at least one of the first ABS unit 58F and the second ABS
unit 58R is housed in the internal space of the case 88. [0113] In
the bicycle apparatus 56 of a modified example of the first
embodiment, the pump 62 of the ABS unit 58F is housed in the
internal space of the housing 38, and the other elements of the ABS
unit 58F are disposed outside of the housing 38. According to this
modified example, the other elements of the ABS unit 58F are, for
example, housed in the internal space of a case which is attached
to the outside of the housing 38. The same modification can be
realized in the second embodiment as well. [0114] According to the
bicycle apparatus 56 of a modified example, the control of the ABS
units 58F and 58R by the control device 60 is dependent on the
operation of the assist selection switch. For example, the mode is
always switched to the ABS operating mode when the assist ON mode
is selected. [0115] According to the bicycle 10 of a modified
example, the ABS operation changeover switch is omitted from the
operating unit 86. According to this modified example, the mode is
switched to the ABS operating mode by, for example, the assist ON
mode being selected by the assist selection switch. On the other
hand, the mode is switched to the ABS non-operating mode by the
assist OFF mode being selected by the assist selection switch.
[0116] While only selected embodiments have been chosen to
illustrate the present invention, it will be apparent to those
skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and
modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope
of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example,
unless specifically stated otherwise, the size, shape, location or
orientation of the various components can be changed as needed
and/or desired so long as the changes do not substantially affect
their intended function. Unless specifically stated otherwise,
components that are shown directly connected or contacting each
other can have intermediate structures disposed between them so
long as the changes do not substantially affect their intended
function. The functions of one element can be performed by two, and
vice versa unless specifically stated otherwise. The structures and
functions of one embodiment can be adopted in another embodiment.
It is not necessary for all advantages to be present in a
particular embodiment at the same time. Every feature which is
unique from the prior art, alone or in combination with other
features, also should be considered a separate description of
further inventions by the applicant, including the structural
and/or functional concepts embodied by such feature(s). Thus, the
foregoing descriptions of the embodiments according to the present
invention are provided for illustration only, and not for the
purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims
and their equivalents.
* * * * *