U.S. patent application number 15/935461 was filed with the patent office on 2018-09-27 for hollow piston pump.
This patent application is currently assigned to KARCHER NORTH AMERICA, INC.. The applicant listed for this patent is KARCHER NORTH AMERICA, INC.. Invention is credited to HECTOR VALDEZ JARAMILLO.
Application Number | 20180274535 15/935461 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 63582223 |
Filed Date | 2018-09-27 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180274535 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
JARAMILLO; HECTOR VALDEZ |
September 27, 2018 |
HOLLOW PISTON PUMP
Abstract
A positive displacement pump is provided. The pump comprises at
least one piston operable to be powered by a power source and to
pressurize a fluid. The at least one piston comprises an at least
partially hollow piston wherein a flow of fluid is induced into and
through the piston and a surrounding piston chamber. The piston
preferably comprises a direct-mounted outlet valve for controlling
a flow of fluid into and out of the piston.
Inventors: |
JARAMILLO; HECTOR VALDEZ;
(AURORA, CO) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
KARCHER NORTH AMERICA, INC. |
DENVER |
CO |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
KARCHER NORTH AMERICA, INC.
DENVER
CO
|
Family ID: |
63582223 |
Appl. No.: |
15/935461 |
Filed: |
March 26, 2018 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62476991 |
Mar 27, 2017 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04B 17/06 20130101;
F04B 53/14 20130101; F04B 9/045 20130101; F04B 53/127 20130101;
F04B 1/053 20130101; F04B 23/00 20130101; F04B 1/0465 20130101;
F04B 53/1032 20130101; F04B 1/0538 20130101; F04B 19/22 20130101;
F04B 53/125 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F04B 53/12 20060101
F04B053/12; F04B 19/22 20060101 F04B019/22; F04B 53/14 20060101
F04B053/14 |
Claims
1. A fluid pump comprising: a housing having a fluid inlet, a fluid
outlet, a crankcase, and a cylinder chamber having a predetermined
diameter; an elongated piston translatable within the cylinder
chamber; wherein the elongated piston is operable to be driven in a
substantially reciprocating motion within the cylinder chamber;
wherein the elongated piston comprises a hollow portion and an
aperture extending through a sidewall of the hollow portion of the
elongated piston; a first valve provided on an end of the elongated
piston, wherein the first valve is operable to control a fluid flow
between an internal volume of the hollow portion of the piston and
an internal volume of the cylinder chamber; and a second valve
provided at an outlet of the cylinder chamber, wherein the second
valve is operable to control a fluid flow between the internal
volume of the cylinder chamber and the fluid outlet of the
pump.
2. The fluid pump of claim 1, wherein the fluid pump comprises a
plurality of elongated pistons.
3. The fluid pump of claim 1, wherein the first valve comprises a
spring-loaded valve mounted to an end of the elongated piston.
4. The fluid pump of claim 1, wherein the second valve comprises a
spring-loaded valve.
5. The fluid pump of claim 1, wherein the aperture of the elongated
piston is provided within a fluid flow path.
6. The fluid pump of claim 1, wherein the elongated piston
comprises a second aperture extending through a sidewall of the
elongated piston such that fluid is allowed to pass through the
elongated piston.
7. The fluid pump of claim 1, wherein the first valve comprises a
biasing member, and wherein the first valve is operable to be
provided in a closed position while the elongated piston is
translated in a first direction and is operable to be provided in
an open position while the elongated piston is provided in a second
direction.
8. A fluid pump comprising: a housing having a fluid inlet, a fluid
outlet, and a cylinder chamber; an elongated piston translatable
within the cylinder chamber; wherein the elongated piston is
operable to be driven in a substantially reciprocating motion
within the cylinder chamber; wherein the elongated piston comprises
a hollow portion and an aperture extending through a sidewall
thereof, the aperture allowing for fluid to communicate with the
hollow portion; a valve provided on an end of the elongated piston,
wherein the valve is operable to control a fluid flow to and from
the hollow portion of the piston; the valve comprising a biasing
member that is operable to bias the valve toward a closed
position.
9. The fluid pump of claim 8, wherein the valve is operable to
control a fluid flow between the hollow portion of the piston and
an internal volume of the cylinder chamber.
10. The fluid pump of claim 8, wherein the biasing member comprises
a spring.
11. The fluid pump of claim 8, wherein the fluid pump comprises a
plurality of elongated pistons.
12. The fluid pump of claim 8, wherein the valve comprises a cage
valve mounted to the elongated piston.
13. The fluid pump of claim 8, further comprising a second valve
provided at an outlet of the cylinder chamber, wherein the second
valve is operable to control a fluid flow between an internal
volume of the cylinder chamber and the fluid outlet of the
pump.
14. The fluid pump of claim 8, wherein the aperture of the
elongated piston is provided within a fluid flow path of the
housing.
15. The fluid pump of claim 8, wherein the elongated piston
comprises a second aperture extending through a sidewall of the
elongated piston.
16. A fluid pump comprising: a housing having a fluid inlet, a
fluid outlet, and a cylinder chamber; an elongated piston
translatable within the cylinder chamber; wherein the elongated
piston is operable to be driven in a substantially reciprocating
motion within the cylinder chamber; wherein the elongated piston
comprises an internal volume having a hollow portion and an
aperture extending through a sidewall thereof; a valve provided on
a distal end of the elongated piston, wherein the valve is operable
to regulate a fluid flow between the cylinder chamber and the
internal volume of the piston; the valve comprising a biasing
member that is operable to bias the valve toward a closed position,
wherein fluid is not allowed to flow through the valve, and wherein
the valve is operable to be provided in an open position when the
elongated piston is provided in a suction state.
17. The fluid pump of claim 16, wherein the fluid pump comprises a
plurality of elongated pistons.
18. The fluid pump of claim 16, wherein the valve comprises a cage
valve mounted to the elongated piston.
19. The fluid pump of claim 16, further comprising a second valve
provided proximal to an outlet of the cylinder chamber, wherein the
second valve is operable to control a fluid flow between an
internal volume of the cylinder chamber and the fluid outlet of the
pump.
20. The fluid pump of claim 16, wherein the elongated piston
comprises a second aperture extending through a sidewall of the
elongated piston.
Description
[0001] This non-provisional application claims the benefit of and
priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.
62/476,991, filed Mar. 27, 2017, the entire disclosure of which is
hereby incorporated by reference.
FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to pumps. More
specifically, the present disclosure relates to piston pumps and
positive displacement pumps. In certain embodiments, the present
disclosure relates to positive displacement pumps for pressure
washers. It will be recognized, however, that features and devices
of the present disclosure are not limited to a particular type of
pump or pump application.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Conventional positive displacement pumps include those shown
and described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,168,872, which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety. The general principal
behind positive displacement pumps includes providing a power
source, such as a motor, that drives at least one reciprocating
piston. The reciprocating motion of the piston provides a vacuum or
suction force associated with a downstroke of the piston, and a
positive pressure when the piston is compressed on the upstroke.
The positive pressure provides a compressive force to the fluid and
expels the fluid through a high-pressure outlet.
[0004] Existing pumps may be acceptable for certain applications.
However, there is a constant need and desire to decrease pump size
and weight and to increase a pump's power and/or efficiency.
SUMMARY
[0005] U.S. Pat. No. 6,514,055 to Schuller, which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety, discloses a piston pump
having a hollow piston. Schuller, however, fails to disclose
various features of the present disclosure including, for example,
the hollow piston arrangements of the present disclosure and the
provision of inlet or outlet valves at least as shown and described
herein.
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 5,022,831 to Gerlach et al., which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety, discloses a positive
displacement pump with a reciprocating piston. Gerlach et al.,
however, fail to disclose various novel features of the present
disclosure including, for example, the at least partially hollow
pistons and associated valve structures of the present
disclosure.
[0007] In various embodiments, pumps of the present disclosure
comprise positive displacement pumps having at least one piston and
wherein the at least one piston comprises a hollow or partially
hollow piston such that a fluid is allowed to travel within or
through the piston. In certain embodiments, one or more pistons of
the present disclosure comprise a valve provided on one end of the
piston. Preferably, the valve comprises a suction valve that is
spring-mounted or otherwise biased and provided on a hollow piston.
The suction valve(s) enable and regulate a flow of fluid in and
through the hollow piston. Additionally, in certain embodiments of
the present disclosure, at least one outlet valve is provided
generally in-line with the at least one piston. The outlet valve is
preferably provided in or adjacent to an outlet flow path,
comprises a spring to bias the outlet valve toward a closed
position during a draw cycle of the piston, and is forced open
under pressure during the stroke of the piston to enable outflow of
pressurized fluid.
[0008] In one embodiment, a fluid pump is provided that comprises a
housing and wherein the housing comprises a fluid inlet, a fluid
outlet, a crankcase, and a cylinder chamber having a predetermined
diameter. An elongated piston is provided within the cylinder
chamber, wherein the elongated piston is operable to be driven in a
reciprocating motion within the cylinder chamber. The elongated
piston comprises a hollow portion and an aperture extending through
a sidewall of the elongated piston. A first valve is provided on an
end of the elongated piston, wherein the first valve is preferably
operable to control a fluid flow between an internal volume of the
hollow portion of the piston and an internal volume of the cylinder
chamber. A second valve is preferably provided at an outlet of the
cylinder chamber, wherein the second valve is operable to control a
fluid flow between the internal volume of the cylinder chamber and
the fluid outlet.
[0009] In another embodiment, a fluid pump is provided. The pump
comprises a housing with a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a
crankcase, and a cylinder chamber having a predetermined diameter.
An elongated piston is provided within the cylinder chamber,
wherein the elongated piston is operable to be driven in a
reciprocating motion within the cylinder chamber. The elongated
piston comprises a hollow portion and at least one aperture
extending through a sidewall of the elongated piston. A first valve
is preferably provided on and translatable with an end of the
elongated piston, wherein the first valve is operable to control a
fluid flow between an internal volume of the hollow portion of the
piston and an internal volume of the cylinder chamber. A second
valve is preferably provided at an outlet of the cylinder chamber,
wherein the second valve comprises a fixed position relative to the
cylinder chamber and is operable to control a fluid flow between
the internal volume of the cylinder chamber and the fluid outlet of
the pump.
[0010] In various embodiments, pumps of the present disclosure are
adapted for and particularly well suited for pressure washing
applications. Although devices and features of the present
disclosure are suitable for pressurizing a working fluid (e.g.
water) for pressure washing, it will be expressly recognized that
pumps, devices and features of the present disclosure are not
limited to any particular application. Pumps, as well as components
of pumps described herein, are contemplated for use in various
applications. Such applications include, but are not limited to,
pressure washing, transfer pumping, chemical pumping, irrigation
pumping, petrochemical pumping, coffee and espresso machines,
etc.
[0011] The Summary of the Invention is neither intended nor should
it be construed as being representative of the full extent and
scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is set
forth in various levels of detail in the Summary as well as in the
attached drawings and the Detailed Description and no limitation as
to the scope of the present disclosure is intended by either the
inclusion or non-inclusion of elements, components, etc. in this
Summary. Additional aspects of the present disclosure will become
more readily apparent from the Detailed Description, particularly
when taken together with the drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Those of skill in the art will recognize that the following
description is merely illustrative of the principles of the
disclosure, which may be applied in various ways to provide many
different alternative embodiments. This description is made for
illustrating the general principles of the teachings of this
disclosure and is not meant to limit the inventive concepts
disclosed herein.
[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and
constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of
the disclosure and together with the general description of the
disclosure given above and the detailed description of the drawings
given below, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
[0014] It should be understood that the drawings are not
necessarily to scale. In certain instances, details that are not
necessary for an understanding of the disclosure or that render
other details difficult to perceive may have been omitted. It
should be understood, of course, that the disclosure is not
necessarily limited to the particular embodiments illustrated
herein.
[0015] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a positive
displacement pump according to the prior art.
[0016] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a positive
displacement pump according to one embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a piston according to one
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0018] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the piston of
the embodiment of FIG. 3.
[0019] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a pump according to one
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0020] FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a pressure washing device
provided with a pump according to one embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 6B is a detailed perspective view of the device of FIG.
6A.
[0022] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a pump according to one
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the pump
according to FIG. 7.
[0024] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a pump according to one
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the pump
according to FIG. 9.
[0026] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a pump according to one
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the pump
according to FIG. 11.
[0028] FIG. 13A is a partially exploded perspective view of a
driving device according to one embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 13B is a perspective view of a component of the driving
device of FIG. 13A.
[0030] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a pump piston
according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of various components of a
pump according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein
the components are disassembled for illustrative purposes.
[0032] FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a hollow piston according
to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a plurality of pistons
according to FIG. 16 provided at least partially within a pump
housing in accordance with one embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a piston and valve head
according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a piston according to one
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 20 is a detailed perspective view of the piston
according to the embodiment of FIG. 19.
[0037] FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the piston
according to the embodiment of FIG. 19.
[0038] FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a piston according to one
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0039] FIG. 23A is a top plan view of the piston according to the
embodiment of FIG. 22.
[0040] FIG. 23B is an elevation view of the piston according to the
embodiment of FIG. 22.
[0041] FIG. 24A is a top plan view of the piston according to the
embodiment of FIG. 22.
[0042] FIG. 24B is an elevation view of the piston according to the
embodiment of FIG. 22.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a positive displacement pump
2 according to the prior art. The pump 2 comprises a low-pressure
inlet 4 and a high-pressure outlet 6 for pressurizing and
dispensing a fluid. Pumps of the present disclosure, including but
not limited to the pump 2 shown in FIG. 1, are operable to
pressurize and dispense a fluid (e.g. water) and are useful for
operating a pressure-washing device. It will be expressly
recognized, however, that the devices and features of the present
disclosure are not limited to a particular pump application or to a
particular fluid.
[0044] Referring again to FIG. 1, a power input 8 is provided and
drives a plurality of cams 10. A rotational motion of the cams 10
causes a reciprocating vertical motion of a plurality of pistons
12. Each of the pistons 12 are operable to draw a suction and
induce a flow of fluid into the fluid inlet 4. Each of the pistons
12 are also operable to provide a compressive force to the fluid
and force the fluid through a flow path 16 and ultimately eject the
fluid from the high-pressure outlet 6. A plurality of timing valves
14 are provided. The valves 14 comprise a closed position to allow
for a fluid to flow into the piston chambers and an open position
to allow a pressurized fluid to be conveyed and ejected from the
high-pressure outlet 6. Although not shown in FIG. 1, the power
input 8 comprises a drive shaft or socket connectable to a drive
shaft wherein a motor or engine provides a torque and rotational
motion to the power input 8, which drives the cams 10.
[0045] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pump 20 according to
one embodiment of the present disclosure. The pump 20 comprises a
low-pressure fluid inlet 22 and a high-pressure fluid outlet (not
shown in FIG. 2, but see 24 of FIG. 5, for example). A power input
26 is provided. The power input 26 preferably comprises at least
one of a drive shaft and drive shaft socket to be powered by a
power source, such as a motor or engine. The power input 26
provides rotational power to the pump 20, which drives a plurality
of cams 28. The cams 28 are provided within a crankcase 29 and each
is associated with a piston 32, with three pistons 32 being
preferable. The present disclosure and inventions described herein
are not limited to any particular number of pistons. It is
specifically contemplated that pumps of the present disclosure
comprise as few as one piston. It is further contemplated that
pumps of the present disclosure comprise a plurality of pistons,
including six or more pistons.
[0046] The pump 20 of FIG. 2 comprises a suction section comprising
a fluid inlet path 36 into which fluid is drawn from the
low-pressure inlet 22. The pump 20 further comprises a fluid outlet
path 34 through which pressurized fluid is conveyed, and ultimately
ejected from the high-pressure outlet. At least one aperture 31 is
provided in the sidewall of each of the pistons 32. Each of the
distal ends of the pistons 32 comprises a suction valve 33. As
shown and described herein, the suction valve 33 is operable to
assume an open position on a downstroke or draw of the piston 32,
such that the downward draw of the piston 32 creates a suction
force to draw fluid from the low-pressure inlet 22 into the suction
section 36 and an interior volume of the piston(s) 32 and the
cylinder chamber 37 by way of the aperture(s) 31. When a piston 32
reaches a bottom of the stroke, the piston chamber is substantially
filled with a fluid by way of the suction drawn during the down
stroke. The relevant cam 28 then drives the piston upwardly (at
least with respect to the orientation shown in FIG. 2), wherein the
suction valve 33 is forced to a closed position by the compression
force on the fluid, and the fluid in the piston chamber is forced
upwardly and outwardly through the outlet valve 35 and the fluid
outlet path 34. The outlet valves 35 correspond to each of the
pistons 32, and preferably comprise a spring that biases the outlet
valve to a closed position when the piston 32 is in its downstroke
and which is forced open when the piston is driven upward. The pump
20 comprises a plurality of valve caps 30 corresponding to each of
the pistons 32. The valve caps 30 provide access means which may be
selectively removed to access and service the pistons 32, suction
valves 33, and outlet valves 35, for example.
[0047] The pump 20 of FIG. 2 comprises a high-pressure fluid outlet
through which fluid is ejected from the fluid outlet path 34. A
pressure relief valve 38 is provided. The pressure relief valve 38
is provided in a closed position during normal operation, such that
fluid flow is directed out of the outlet. However, if a
predetermined internal pressure of the pump is exceeded (such as
may occur if there is an obstruction in the outlet or related
dispensing devices), the relief valve 38 is forced open and fluid
is recirculated via the recirculation path 39.
[0048] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a piston 32 according to an
embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the piston 32
comprises a collar member 40 for securing the piston to a drive
shaft and/or cam (not shown in FIG. 3). The collar member 40
comprises a rotatable connection 42, such that a shaft 44 of the
piston 32 and the collar member 40 are capable of articulating at
least with respect to each other. The shaft 44 of the piston 32
comprises an at least a partially hollow shaft and at least one
aperture 31. The aperture 31 is operable to be disposed within a
fluid flow path of a suction section when assembled within a pump.
Fluid is caused to flow into the hollow portion of the piston via
the at least one aperture 31. The piston 32 further comprises a
suction valve 33 disposed on a distal end of the shaft 44 and
having at least one and preferably several apertures 52.
[0049] FIG. 4 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the hollow
piston 32. The suction valve 33 of FIG. 4 preferably comprises a
direct-mounted cage 50. The cage 50 comprises at least one aperture
52 to permit passage of fluid in the sidewall. Preferably, and as
shown in FIG. 3, the cage 50 comprises a plurality of apertures in
the sidewall and at least one aperture 52 in the upper portion of
the cage 50. Provided within the cage 50 is biasing member
preferably in the form of a coil spring 54 and a valve stopper 56.
The coil spring 54 is operable to bias the valve stopper 56 toward
a closed position wherein the valve stopper 56 seals an outlet 57
of the hollow piston. In operation, the valve stopper 56 is forced
to an open position while the piston is in a suction or draw state,
and is forced to a closed position when the piston is driven and a
fluid contained in the piston and chamber is compressed.
[0050] The piston of FIG. 4 comprises an at least partially hollow
internal volume and an internal conduit 58 for conveyance of fluid.
A transverse channel 60 is further provided, wherein the aperture
31 comprises an inlet to the transverse channel 60, which is in
fluid communication with the internal conduit 58. As shown in FIG.
4, the channel 60 comprises a through-channel wherein a first
aperture 31a is provided on one side of the piston shaft 44, and a
second aperture 31b is provided on an opposing side of the shaft
44. Accordingly, fluid is allowed to flow into the first aperture
31a, into the internal conduit 58, and out through the second
aperture 31b. A fluid exiting the second aperture 31b is preferably
provided to any adjacent pistons provided within the pump. A
suction section provides a fluid path to the adjacent pistons and
surrounds the piston diameter. Certain embodiments of the present
disclosure contemplated that only a single piston may be provided
within a pump. In such embodiments, one of skill in the art will
recognize that the channel 60 need not comprise the outlet 31b in
the sidewall, but rather may simply comprise a first aperture 31a
as an inlet.
[0051] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an assembled pump according
to the embodiment of FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 5, the pump 20
comprises a fluid inlet 22, a fluid outlet 24, and a power input
26. The power input 26 is adapted to be secured to and receive
power from an electric motor and drive shaft, for example. The
plurality of pistons are provided within the pump housing and are
aligned with valve caps 30. The pump 20 of FIG. 5 provides a
compact positive displacement pump that is suitable for use with
various devices including, but not limited to, pressure
washers.
[0052] FIGS. 6A-6B are perspective views of the pump 20 of FIG. 5
provided in combination with a pressure washer 70. The pressure
washer 70 comprises a frame 72, wheels 74, and an engine 76. The
power input of the pump 20 is directly mounted to the engine 76 of
the pressure washer, and the pump 20 is operable to pressurize and
dispense a fluid from the high-pressure outlet 24 (FIG. 5). As
shown, the pump 20 comprises a compact means for pressurizing and
dispensing a fluid and does not significantly increase the overall
size or weight of an associated pressure washer 70.
[0053] FIGS. 7-8 are perspective and cross-sectional elevation
views of a pump 100 according to another embodiment of the present
disclosure. The pump 100 comprises a similar construction to that
of the embodiment of FIG. 2, including a low-pressure inlet 102, a
high-pressure outlet 104, and a plurality of pistons 110 within a
housing. The pump 100 of FIGS. 7-8 comprises a plastic insert at
the suction section 108. The plastic insert, which may comprise
nylon, polyoxymethylene, or similar materials, reduces an overall
weight of the device 100. Providing the insert and other portions
of pumps as plastic components serves to reduce the overall cost of
pump devices and of transport of those devices. In areas of the
device such as the insert, various plastics have been shown to
provide sufficient strength and durability, and enable cost and
weight savings in the pump units.
[0054] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a pump 150 according to yet
another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the pump
150 of FIG. 9 comprises a similar construction as pumps shown and
described herein, and is contemplated as comprising at least one
hollow cylinder as shown and described herein. The pump 150
comprises a split cylinder head 152 that is devoid of valve caps.
Additional components, including a suction section 154, fluid inlet
156, fluid outlet portion 158, power input 160, and crankcase 162
are provided.
[0055] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the pump 150
shown in FIG. 9. As shown in FIG. 10, the cylinder head 152
comprises a fluid outlet portion within which an outlet valve 168
is provided for each cylinder 164. The construction of the cylinder
head 152 with outlet valves 168 at least partially disposed
therein, reduces a weight and overall height/size of the pump 150.
The cylinder head 152 is secured to the pump 150 by fasteners 151,
which are selectively removeable such that the cylinder head 152
can be removed from the pump in order to service internal
components.
[0056] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a pump 200 according to
another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the pump
200 comprises a fluid inlet 204 and a high-pressure fluid outlet
206. A crankcase 208 is provided, and a plurality of pistons are
provided in a suction section 202 and are operable to pressurize a
fluid. The crankcase 208 is operable to receive a crankshaft that
is integrated with and/or extends from an engine. The crankshaft
preferably comprises integrated cams, as shown and described in
more detail in FIGS. 13A-13B. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional
elevation view of the pump 200 of FIG. 11. As seen in FIG. 12, each
of the pistons provided within the pump 200 comprise contact or
bearing surfaces 207 that are operable to be contacted by and
driven by cams of a crankshaft (not shown in FIG. 12).
[0057] FIG. 13A is a perspective view of an engine 300 suitable for
use with the pump according to the embodiment of FIGS. 11-12. The
engine 300 comprises a gas-powered engine with a fuel tank 306 and
a drive shaft 304. The drive shaft comprises a plurality of cams
302. The cams 302 are operable to drive pistons of a pump,
including but not limited to the pump of the embodiment of FIGS.
11-12. The engine 300 of FIG. 13A is provided as one example of a
driving device for use with piston cylinders and associated
components of the present disclosure. Pump components including
valves and piston cylinders as shown and described herein are
useful in various applications and devices, and no limitation with
respect to pump size, power input devices, etc. is provided
herewith.
[0058] FIG. 13B is a perspective view of the drive shaft 304 and
cam members 302 shown in isolation. The eccentric cams 302 are
provided on the drive shaft 304 and are operable to displace
pistons of a positive displacement pump. The engine 300 of FIGS.
13A-13B enable the construction and provision of a pump as shown in
FIGS. 11-12 wherein the pump 200 is void of a needle or roller
bearing, a crankshaft seal, and/or a pump flange, thereby providing
for a simplified and low-cost pump 200.
[0059] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a piston 400
and related assembly according to one embodiment of the present
disclosure. The piston 400 comprises an internal conduit 408 for
fluid, and the pump in which the piston is provided comprises a
transverse channel 402 to allow for ingress of low-pressure fluid
into the piston 400 from the inlet. A first aperture 406a and a
second aperture 406b are provided on opposing sides of a shaft of
the piston 400 to enable fluid flow in and through the piston. A
cage valve 410 is provided on a distal end of the piston 400. The
cage valve 410 comprises a coil spring 412 and a valve stopper 414
to control a flow of fluid through the distal end of the piston.
The coil spring 412 and the valve stopper 414 are operable to be
provided in an open position on a downstroke of the piston 400,
thereby enabling and allowing the internal conduit 408 of the
piston 400 and an upper chamber 416 to fill with fluid when the
piston is drawing a vacuum. The cage valve 410 preferably comprises
a plurality of openings to permit fluid flow between the internal
conduit 408 and the upper chamber 416, while also providing a
surface upon which the coil spring 412 can exert a force and bias
the valve stopper 414 toward a closed or sealed position.
[0060] As shown in FIG. 14, the piston 400 comprises a
through-channel wherein a first aperture 406a is provided on one
side of the piston shaft, and a second aperture 406b is provided on
an opposing side of the shaft. Accordingly, fluid is allowed to
flow into the first aperture 406a, into the internal conduit 408,
and out through the second aperture 406b. A fluid exiting the
second aperture 406b is preferably provided to adjacent pistons
provided within the pump. The channels 402, 404 provide a fluid
path to the pistons, and surround the piston diameter(s).
[0061] The pump of the embodiment of FIG. 14 also comprises a high
pressure outlet section 420. An outlet valve 418 is provided and
associated with each piston 400 to control fluid flow between the
piston 400 and the chamber 416 to the high-pressure outlet. The
outlet valve 418 shown in FIG. 14 comprises a cage valve comprising
a cage 422, a coil spring 424 and a valve stopper 426. The outlet
valve 418 comprises a similar construction to that of the cage
valve 410, but generally operates in an inverse manner.
Specifically, when the piston 400 is provided in a suction state or
downstroke, the cage valve 410 is provided in an open position and
allows fluid to flow into the piston 400 and chamber 416. During
this downstroke, the outlet valve 418 is provided in a closed
position due in part to the coil spring 424 forcing the valve
stopper 426 to a closed or sealed position. This arrangement allows
the internal conduit 408 of the piston 400 and the upper chamber
416 to fill with fluid without allowing fluid to pass into the high
pressure outlet section 420. In a pressurized state, wherein the
piston 400 is driven upwardly (at least with respect to the
position shown in FIG. 14), the valve seat 414 is forced to a
closed position and the pressure transmitted through the fluid in
the pump forces the outlet valve 418 to an open position wherein
the spring force of the coil spring 424 is overcome, the valve
stopper 426 is forced open, and a pressurized fluid is allowed to
flow through the high pressure outlet section 420 to the high
pressure outlet (not shown in FIG. 14). As will be recognized by
one of ordinary skill in the art, this process will repeat itself
in an iterative fashion based on reciprocating motion of the piston
that is induced by an engine or motor.
[0062] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of various components of a
positive displacement pump according to one embodiment of the
present disclosure. The components provided in FIG. 15 are detailed
views of the components of the embodiment of FIGS. 9-10, but may
also be provided in additional embodiments of the present
disclosure. As shown, a cylinder head 434 is provided that
comprises a suction section 430. Upper portions 432 of the piston
chamber are shown in isolation.
[0063] A plurality of cages 410 are provided for construction of
the cage valves (see FIG. 14). A plurality of seals or races 438
are provided, with each being adapted to receive a piston, and each
permits translation of the piston therethrough and seal the suction
chamber 430. A piston shaft 405 is also shown, wherein the piston
shaft comprises a hollow piston shaft having a through-aperture
406. A valve seat 414 is depicted, wherein the valve seat 414 is
operable to at least partially control the flow of fluid in and out
of the hollow piston. The valve seat 414 is operable to impacted or
biased by a coil spring, wherein one end of the coil spring acts on
the valve seat 414 and a second end of the coil spring is provided
against a cage 410.
[0064] FIG. 16 is a view of a piston 400 and a portion of a cam
follower 440. The piston 400 comprises a shaft that is at least
partially hollow and comprises an aperture 406 to permit fluid
flow. The cam follower 440 is connected to the piston shaft at a
hinge 442 to convert a somewhat rotational motion of a drive shaft
and the cam follower 440 to a mostly linear motion of the piston
400.
[0065] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a partially constructed
pump 450 having a crankcase 452 and a plurality of hollow pistons
400 extending therefrom. Various embodiments of the present
disclosure contemplate three pistons provided in series. It will be
recognized, however, that alternative arrangement and embodiments
contemplate the provision of greater than or fewer than three
pistons, as well as alternative spacing and arrangement of the
pistons.
[0066] FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a piston 500 according to
another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the piston
500 comprises an at least partially hollow piston member with
apertures 504, 506 provided in opposing sidewalls of the piston
body to permit fluid flow into a hollow portion 510 of the piston.
The piston 500 comprises a valve cap 502 that is interconnected to
at least one and preferably two support arms 508a, 508b. When the
piston is provided in a vacuum or suction state, the valve cap 502
is drawn to an open position, and distal ends of the support arms
508 are translatable within the apertures 504, 506. Distal ends of
the support arms 508 contact an interior surface 505 of the
apertures 504, 506. The support arms 508 are also connected to the
valve cap 502 to prevent the valve cap 502 from being dislodged
from the piston when the piston is in a suction state. In a
pressurized state, a fluid provided in a chamber above the valve
cap 502 (not shown in FIG. 18) provides a compressive force to the
valve cap 502 and seals the valve cap 502 to the piston. The
support arms 508 thus comprise "catch" members to prevent
dislocation of the valve cap 502 in suction, and which assume a
generally passive state when the piston is provided in
compression.
[0067] The valve cap 502 preferably comprises a conical or
frustoconical member that is displaceable between open and closed
position to control a fluid flow through the hollow piston 500.
When the piston 500 is provided in a vacuum state, the piston head
502 is provided in an open position wherein fluid is allowed to
flow from the hollow portion 510 to a piston chamber space provided
above the piston. When the piston is driven to force a fluid, the
piston head 502 is provided in a closed position to provide an
arrangement suitable for driving and pressurizing a fluid and
expelling fluid from the piston chamber.
[0068] FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a piston 600 according to
another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the piston
600 comprises an at least partially hollow piston with a shaft 604
and at least one aperture 605 provided in the shaft. The aperture
605 is operable to receive a fluid from a low-pressure inlet of a
pump and ultimately transmit the fluid through the interior volume
of the piston. One end of the piston 600 is in communication with a
drive shaft and/or cam of a pump, and the second end of the piston
comprises at least one outlet 608 to expel fluid from the piston
600 in a high-pressure section of the pump. A valve assembly is
provided at the second end of the piston. The valve assembly, as
will be shown and described herein, comprises a locking member 606
to secure a valve cap and a spring.
[0069] As shown in more detail in FIGS. 20-21, the second end of
the piston 600 comprises a valve cap 612 which is biased toward a
closed position by biasing member in the form of a coil spring 610.
The valve cap 612 and the coil spring 610 are held in place by the
locking member 606. Specifically, the locking member comprises a
plurality of extensions 609. One end of the spring 610 is provided
in force-transmitting communication with the underside of at least
one of the extensions 609. A second end of the spring is provided
in force-transmitting communication with the valve cap 612 to bias
the valve cap 612 toward a closed position wherein the piston
chamber is closed or sealed at the upper end. The extensions 609
also provide a means to secure or lock the locking member 606 in
place and secure the various components to the piston 600. As shown
in FIG. 20, the extensions 609 are selectively positionable with
respect to a contoured upper end of the piston 600. Specifically,
the locking member 606 is selectively positionable between a locked
and unlocked state by way of rotation of the locking member 606
about a vertical axis. The locking member 606 comprises an opening
607 in its upper end to accommodate a screwdriver, a key, or
similar tool, and to allow for rotation of the locking member 606
between a locked or secured state and an unlocked or unsecured
state. Locking members 606 of the present disclosure provide a
means for quickly and easily disassembling components of the
pistons in the event that such components require service,
cleaning, replacement, etc.
[0070] As shown in FIG. 21, the valve cap 612 comprises an
upstanding or domed center portion which is operable to receive and
align the spring 610. The domed portion also provides structural
integrity to the valve cap 612. The valve cap 612 is biased toward
a closed position (as shown in FIG. 21), and is displaceable
between an open position and closed position. When the piston is
provided in a suction mode (i.e. the during the downstroke of the
piston), the valve cap 612 is forced to an open position wherein
fluid is drawn into the aperture 605, the internal volume of the
piston 600, and wherein the fluid fills a chamber space by flowing
through the at least one outlet 608 provided on the second end of
the piston. The spring 610 is operable to bias the valve cap 612
toward a closed position. When the piston 600 is driven to provide
a compression to a fluid, the valve cap 612 is forced to a closed
position wherein the internal volume 614 of the piston 600 is
sealed and fluid that previously translated through the aperture
608 is forced through a high-pressure section of the pump and
expelled as a pressurized fluid.
[0071] FIG. 22 is an exploded perspective view of a piston 600
according to the embodiment of FIG. 19. As shown, the locking
member 606 comprises a plurality of extensions and preferably four
extensions 609 that are operable to secure the locking member, the
spring 610 and the valve cap 612. The extensions also provide a
contact surface for the coil spring 610. The plurality of
extensions 609 are operable to contact and communicate with a
contoured upper portion of the piston 600.
[0072] FIGS. 23A-23B depict the piston 600 of FIG. 22 in an
assembled and unlocked state. As shown in FIG. 23A, the plurality
of extensions 609 are provided in alignment with convex portions
618 of the upper end of the piston 600, thereby allowing insertion
of the locking member 606 within the upper end of the piston 600.
FIGS. 24A-24B depict the piston and various components in an
assembled and locked state. With reference to FIG. 24A, the locking
member 606 is provided in a locked state by rotating the locking
member 606 about a substantially vertical axis and by about ninety
degrees until the protrusions 609 are provided beneath and in
force-transmitting communication with concave portions 611 (see
FIG. 23A) of the piston. In some embodiments, the protrusions 609
comprise rounded or curved upper surface, and the concave portions
611 comprise a rounded lower edge to receive and correspond with
the rounded or curved upper surface of the protrusions. FIG. 24A
provides a piston and valve assembly in a locked or secured state
wherein the piston is capable of functioning in its intended manner
to pressurize a fluid.
[0073] Various features and embodiments of pumping devices are
provided herein. It will be recognized, however, that various
features are not necessarily specific to certain embodiments and
may be provided on any one or more embodiments. The present
disclosure and embodiments provided herein are not mutually
exclusive and may be combined, substituted, and omitted. The scope
of the invention(s) provided herein is thus not limited to any
particular embodiment, drawing, or particular arrangement of
features.
[0074] While various embodiments of the present disclosure have
been described in detail, it is apparent that modifications and
alterations of those embodiments will occur to those skilled in the
art. However, it is to be expressly understood that such
modifications and alterations are within the scope and spirit of
the present disclosure. Further, the invention(s) described herein
are capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being
carried out in various ways. In addition, it is to be understood
that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the
purposes of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The
use of "including," "comprising," or "adding" and variations
thereof herein are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter
and equivalents thereof, as well as, additional items.
* * * * *