U.S. patent application number 15/747880 was filed with the patent office on 2018-08-02 for method for manufacturing hot-pressed member.
This patent application is currently assigned to JFE STEEL CORPORATION. The applicant listed for this patent is JFE STEEL CORPORATION. Invention is credited to Satoru ANDO, Seiji NAKAJIMA.
Application Number | 20180216219 15/747880 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 57884668 |
Filed Date | 2018-08-02 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180216219 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
NAKAJIMA; Seiji ; et
al. |
August 2, 2018 |
Method for Manufacturing Hot-Pressed Member
Abstract
A method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member The method
includes heating a zinc-based coated steel sheet to a temperature
range from an Ac3 transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C.,
performing hot pressing work, and performing cooling, in which a
surface-cleaning treatment is performed on the zinc-based coated
steel sheet before the heating step is performed.
Inventors: |
NAKAJIMA; Seiji; (Tokyo,
JP) ; ANDO; Satoru; (Tokyo, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
JFE STEEL CORPORATION |
Tokyo |
|
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
JFE STEEL CORPORATION
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
57884668 |
Appl. No.: |
15/747880 |
Filed: |
July 5, 2016 |
PCT Filed: |
July 5, 2016 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2016/003196 |
371 Date: |
January 26, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C25D 5/50 20130101; C23C
2/06 20130101; C23C 2/40 20130101; C21D 8/0278 20130101; C22C
38/002 20130101; C22C 38/04 20130101; C22C 38/28 20130101; C22C
38/60 20130101; C22C 38/001 20130101; C25D 3/22 20130101; B21D
22/26 20130101; B21D 22/20 20130101; B21D 53/88 20130101; C22C
38/06 20130101; C23F 17/00 20130101; C22C 38/02 20130101; C21D 9/46
20130101; C22C 18/00 20130101; C25D 5/48 20130101; C23C 2/26
20130101 |
International
Class: |
C23C 2/26 20060101
C23C002/26; B21D 22/26 20060101 B21D022/26; C21D 9/46 20060101
C21D009/46; C23C 2/06 20060101 C23C002/06; C23C 2/40 20060101
C23C002/40; C25D 5/50 20060101 C25D005/50; C23F 17/00 20060101
C23F017/00; C22C 18/00 20060101 C22C018/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jul 29, 2015 |
JP |
2015-149092 |
Feb 19, 2016 |
JP |
2016-029871 |
Claims
1. A method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member having an
excellent surface appearance, the method comprising: heating a
zinc-based coated steel sheet to a temperature range from an Ac3
transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C., performing hot
pressing work, and performing cooling, wherein a surface-cleaning
treatment is performed on the zinc-based coated steel sheet before
the heating step is performed.
2. A method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member having an
excellent surface appearance, the method comprising: performing
cold pressing work on a zinc-based coated steel sheet, heating the
zinc-based coated steel sheet to a temperature range form an Ac3
transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C., and cooling the
heated steel sheet, wherein a surface-cleaning treatment is
performed on the zinc-based coated steel sheet before the heating
step is performed.
3. The method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member according to
claim 1, wherein; the zinc-based coated steel sheet is a
Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet having a coating layer on one or
both sides of the Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet, and the coating
layer has a chemical composition containing 10 mass % to 25 mass %
of Ni with the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities, and a
coating weight of the coating layer per side of the zinc-based
coated steel sheet is 10 g/m.sup.2 to 90 g/m.sup.2.
4. The method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member according to
claim 2, wherein: the zinc-based coated steel sheet is a
Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet having a coating layer on one or
both sides of the Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet, and the coating
layer has a chemical composition containing 10 mass % to 25 mass %
of Ni with the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities, and a
coating weight of the coating layer per side of the zinc-based
coated steel sheet is 10 g/m.sup.2 to 90 g/m.sup.2.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing
a hot-pressed member which can preferably be used for, for example,
chassis and body structure members of an automobile.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] To date, for example, chassis and body structure members of
an automobile have usually been manufactured by performing press
working on steel sheets having a specified strength. Nowadays,
since there is a strong demand for the weight reduction of an
automobile body from the viewpoint of global environment
conservation, efforts are being made to reduce the thickness of a
steel sheet which is used for an automobile body by increasing the
strength of the steel sheet. However, an increase in the strength
of steel sheets causes a deterioration in press workability, and
therefore there is an increase in the number of cases where it is
difficult to form a steel sheet into desired shapes of the
members.
[0003] In view of the situation described above, Patent Literature
1 proposes a working technique called hot pressing which makes it
possible to realize an improvement in workability and an increase
in strength at the same time by performing working and rapid
cooling at the same time on a heated steel sheet by using a mold
which is composed of a die and a punch. However, the case of this
hot pressing, since a steel sheet is heated to a high temperature
of about 950.degree. C. before hot pressing is performed, scale
(iron oxide) is generated on the surface of the steel sheet, and
the flaking of the scale occurs when hot pressing is performed,
which results in a problem in that a mold is damaged or the surface
of a member is damaged after the hot pressing. Also, scale which
remained on the surface of a member causes a deterioration in
surface appearance and paint adhesiveness. Therefore, scale which
is present on the surface of a member is usually removed by
performing a treatment such as pickling or shot blasting. However,
such a treatment makes a manufacturing process complex, and thus
there is a decrease in productivity.
[0004] Moreover, for example, chassis and body structure members of
an automobile are also required to have excellent corrosion
resistance. However, since a hot-pressed member, which is
manufactured by using the process described above, is not provided
with an anti-corrosion film such as a coating layer, the member is
very poor in terms of corrosion resistance.
[0005] Therefore, a hot-pressing technique is desired with which
the generation of scale can be inhibited when heating is performed
before hot pressing and with which the corrosion resistance of a
hot-pressed member can be improved, and thus a steel sheet to be
hot-pressed whose surface is coated with a film such as a coating
layer and a method for hot pressing which utilizes the steel sheet
have been proposed.
[0006] For example, Patent Literature 2 discloses a method for
manufacturing a hot-pressed member excellent in terms of corrosion
resistance whose surface is coated with a Zn--Fe-based compound or
a Zn--Fe--Al-based compound by performing hot pressing on a steel
sheet, which is coated with Zn or a Zn-based alloy.
[0007] In addition, Patent Literature 3 discloses a hot-pressed
member excellent in terms of scale resistance, paint adhesiveness,
after-painting corrosion resistance, and hydrogen entry resistance
which is manufactured by forming a Ni diffusion region, a layer of
an intermetallic compound, which is equivalent to the .gamma. phase
of a Zn--Ni alloy, and a ZnO layer in the surface layer of a steel
sheet.
[0008] Moreover, Patent Literature 4 discloses a steel sheet to be
hot-pressed which is manufactured by forming a ZnO layer, which
inhibits the vaporization of Zn, in the surface layer of a Zn-based
coating layer in advance, and indicates that it is possible to
obtain a hot-pressed product having good surface appearance,
excellent paint adhesiveness, and excellent after-painting
corrosion resistance by using the steel sheet.
CITATION LIST
Patent Literature
[0009] PTL 1: UK Patent No. GB1490535
[0010] PTL 2: Japanese Patent No. 3663145
[0011] PTL 3: Japanese Patent No. 4849186
[0012] PTL 4: Japanese Patent No. 3582511
SUMMARY
Technical Problem
[0013] As disclosed in the conventional techniques described above,
using a zinc-based coated steel sheet as a steel sheet to be
hot-pressed is effective for improving corrosion resistance.
However, since the melting point of zinc is 419.degree. C. and the
boiling point of zinc is 907.degree. C., that is, since both are
low, the melting of zinc in the coating layer and the vaporization
of zinc from the coating layer occur in a heating process before
hot pressing, which makes it difficult to stably manufacture a
hot-pressed member having a homogeneous and good surface
appearance.
[0014] For example, in the case of a hot-pressed member which is
manufactured by using the method described in Patent Literature 2,
since a zinc-coated steel sheet or a zinc-aluminum-coated steel
sheet, whose coating layer has a low melting point, is used, the
melting of the coating layer or the vaporization of zinc which
occurs in a heating process before hot pressing is significant. As
a result, a hot-pressed member, which is finally obtained, has, for
example, a spotty inhomogeneous surface appearance or many white or
black point-like defects. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a
hot-pressed member having a homogeneous and good surface
appearance. Here, since not only a deterioration in surface
appearance but also a deterioration in paint adhesiveness occur in
a portion in which point-like defects exist, there is a strong
demand for a technique for preventing point-like defects. However,
an effective technique has not been proposed.
[0015] In the case of a hot-pressed member described in Patent
Literature 3 which is manufactured by using a steel sheet coated
with a Zn--Ni-alloy coating layer, which has a melting point higher
than that of Zn, there is an improvement in the surface appearance
of a hot-pressed member compared with the case where a zinc-coated
steel sheet or a zinc-aluminum-coated steel sheet is used. However,
it is not possible to completely prevent the generation of local
point-like defects.
[0016] In the case where a steel sheet to be hot-pressed described
in Patent Literature 4 is used, there is an improvement in the
surface appearance of a hot-pressed member to some extent through
the effect of a ZnO layer which is formed in the surface layer of
the steel sheet. However, there is still a problem in that local
point-like defects are generated in a portion in which the result
of a treatment for forming a ZnO layer is inhomogeneous. In
addition, there is a problem of a significant increase in cost when
a treatment for forming a ZnO layer is performed, because it is
necessary to use a method which involves, for example, an oxidizing
treatment through the use of heat, a contact treatment with a
solution, an electrolysis treatment in an aqueous solution, and a
treatment of coating and drying a solution.
[0017] The present disclosure has been completed in order to solve
the problems of the conventional techniques described above, and an
object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for
manufacturing a hot-pressed member excellent in terms of surface
appearance with which it is possible to stably manufacture a
hot-pressed member having a homogeneous and good surface appearance
without causing a significant increase in cost.
Solution to Problem
[0018] The present inventors, in order to solve the problems
described above, diligently conducted investigations regarding a
method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member excellent in terms of
surface appearance. First, investigations regarding a state in
which point-like defects are generated on the surface of a
hot-pressed member were conducted. As a result, it was found that
the position or number of point-like defects is not necessarily the
same even if the same kind of zinc-based coated steel sheet is
heated under the same condition. Also, it was found that it is not
possible to completely prevent point-like defects even with a
Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet, although a steel sheet coated with
a Zn--Ni-alloy coating layer, which has a higher melting point than
that of zinc-based coated steel sheet, can be used as a steel sheet
to be hot-pressed more advantageously than a zinc-based coated
steel sheet such as a galvanized steel sheet or a galvannealed
steel sheet, which has a coating layer having a comparatively low
melting point, from the viewpoint of inhibiting point-like defects
from occurring.
[0019] From such facts, on the basis of the hypothesis that the
generation of point-like defects depends not only on the kind of a
coating layer and heating conditions but also on other factors such
as a stain on the surface, verification experiments were conducted
in which a zinc-based coated steel sheet was heated after the
surface of the steel sheet had been stained or cleaned. As a
result, it was found that point-like defects, which are generated
on the surface of a hot-pressed member, are caused by stains due
to, for example, dirt, dust, and fingerprint which are adhered to
the surface of a coating layer. That is, it was found that there is
a local increase in temperature due to extraneous matter derived
from such stain materials being burned in a heating process before
hot pressing work, which results in the vaporization of zinc being
promoted due to the breakage of a ZnO layer with which the surface
of the zinc-based coating layer has been covered, and which results
in scale being generated in such a portion. In addition, it was
further found that it is possible to significantly inhibit the
generation of point-like defects by performing a surface-cleaning
treatment in order to remove such stain materials before a heating
process. Moreover, it was found that the effect of inhibiting
point-like defects through the use of a surface-cleaning treatment
before heating is realized not only in a process in which a
zinc-based coated steel sheet is subjected to hot pressing work and
cooling after having been heated but also in a process in which a
zinc-based coated steel sheet is heated and cooled after having
been subjected to cold pressing work.
[0020] The method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member according
to the present disclosure has been completed on the basis of such
findings.
[0021] [1] A method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member having
an excellent surface appearance, the method including heating a
zinc-based coated steel sheet to a temperature range from the Ac3
transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C., performing hot
pressing work, and performing cooling, in which a surface-cleaning
treatment is performed on the zinc-based coated steel sheet before
the heating is performed.
[0022] [2] A method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member having
an excellent surface appearance, the method including performing
cold pressing work on a zinc-based coated steel sheet, heating the
zinc-based coated steel sheet to a temperature range from the Ac3
transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C., and cooling the
heated steel sheet, in which a surface-cleaning treatment is
performed on the zinc-based coated steel sheet before the heating
is performed.
[0023] [3] The method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member
according to item [1] or [2], in which the zinc-based coated steel
sheet is a Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet having a coating layer
on one or both sides of the Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet, and
the coating layer has a chemical composition containing 10 mass %
to 25 mass % of Ni and the balance being Zn and inevitable
impurities and a coating weight per side of 10 g/m.sup.2 to 90
g/m.sup.2.
[0024] Here, in the present description, % used when describing the
chemical composition of steel or a coating layer always means mass
%.
Advantageous Effects
[0025] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to
stably manufacture a hot-pressed member having a homogeneous and
good surface appearance without causing a significant increase in
cost. The hot-pressed member which is manufactured by using the
present disclosure can preferably be used for the chassis and body
structure members of an automobile.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating typical examples of the
surface appearance of a hot-pressed member, where (a) is a
photograph indicating a product having a good surface appearance
and (b) is a photograph indicating a product having point-like
defects.
[0027] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating typical examples of the
surface appearance of point-like defects, where (a) is an enlarged
photograph of a white defect and (b) is an enlarged photograph of a
black defect.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0028] 1) Zinc-Based Coated Steel Sheet
[0029] In the method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member
according to the present disclosure, a zinc-based coated steel
sheet having a zinc-based coating layer on one or both sides
thereof is used. Examples of a zinc-based coating layer include,
but are not limited to, a galvanizing layer, a galvannealing layer,
a hot-dip zinc-aluminum-alloy coating layer, a hot-dip
zinc-aluminum-magnesium-alloy coating layer, a zinc electroplating
layer, and a zinc-nickel-alloy electroplating layer, and all of the
known zinc-based coating layers containing zinc may be used.
[0030] It is preferable that the coating weight on the surface of
such a zinc-based coated steel sheet be 10 g/m.sup.2 to 90
g/m.sup.2 per side. In the case where the coating weight per side
(hereinafter, also simply referred to as "coating weight") is 10
g/m.sup.2 or more, the corrosion resistance does not become
insufficient. On the other hand, in the case where the coating
weight is 90 g/m.sup.2 or less, there is no increase in cost. It is
more preferable that the coating weight be 20 g/m.sup.2 to 80
g/m.sup.2. Here, it is possible to determine coating weight by
using a wet analysis method. Specifically, for example, by
dissolving the whole coating layer of a test piece whose coated
area is known in an aqueous solution in which 1 g/L of
hexamethylenetetramine is added as an inhibitor to a 6-mass
%-hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, the coating weight of the
coating layer should be derived from the amount of decrease in mass
at this time.
[0031] It is preferable that the zinc-based coated steel sheet
described above be a Zn--Ni-alloy-coated steel sheet having a
coating layer on one or both sides thereof, in which the coating
layer having a chemical composition containing 10 mass % to 25 mass
% of Ni and the balance being Zn and inevitable impurities. In. the
case where the Ni content in the coating layer is 10 mass % to 25
mass %, since the structure of the coating layer becomes a .gamma.
phase structure, and since this .gamma. phase has a high melting
point of 881.degree. C., there is an increase in the effect of
inhibiting the generation of point-like defects to a higher level.
Here a .gamma. phase has one of the crystal structures of
Ni.sub.2Zn.sub.11, NiZn.sub.3, and Ni.sub.5Zn.sub.21, and it is
possible to identify the structure by using an X-ray diffraction
method. Here, an underlying coating layer such as a coating layer
mainly containing, for example, Ni may be formed under the
above-described coating layer.
[0032] 2) Base Steel Sheet
[0033] In order to obtain the hot-pressed member according to the
present disclosure, a hot-rolled steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel
sheet having a chemical composition containing, by mass %, C: 0.15%
to 0.50%, Si: 0.05% to 2.00%, Mn: 0.5% to 3.0%, P: 0.10% or less,
S: 0.05% or less, Al: 0.10% or less, N: 0.010% or less, and the
balance being Fe and inevitable impurities may be used as a base
steel sheet for a zinc-based coating layer. In the case where a
hot-rolled steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel sheet having such a
chemical composition is used as a base steel sheet, it is possible
to obtain a hot-pressed member having a desired high strength of,
for example, 980 MPa or more.
[0034] The reasons for the limitations on the constituent chemical
elements will be described hereafter.
[0035] C: 0.15% to 0.50%
[0036] C is a chemical element which increases the strength of
steel, and it is necessary that the C content be 0.15% or more in
order to control the tensile strength (hereinafter, also referred
to as "TS") of a hot-pressed member to be 980 MPa or more. On the
other hand, in the case where the C content is more than 0.50%,
there is a significant deterioration in the blanking performance of
a steel sheet as a material. Therefore, it is preferable that the C
content be 0.15% to 0.50%.
[0037] Si: 0.05% to 2.00%
[0038] Si is, like C, a chemical element which increases the
strength of steel, and it is necessary that the Si content be 0.05%
or more in order to control the TS of a hot-pressed member to be
980 MPa or more. On the other hand, in the case where the Si
content is more than 2.00%, there is a significant increase in the
amount of a surface defect, which is called red scale, generated
when hot rolling is performed, there is an increase in rolling
load, and there is a deterioration in the ductility of a hot-rolled
steel sheet. Moreover, in the case where the Si content is more
than 2.00%, there may be a negative effect on coatability when a
coating treatment is performed in order to form a coating film
containing mainly Zn and Al on the surface of a steel sheet.
Therefore, it is preferable that the Si content be 0.05% to
2.00%.
[0039] Mn: 0.5% to 3.0%
[0040] Mn is a chemical element which is effective for improving
hardenability by inhibiting ferrite transformation and which is
effective for decreasing a heating temperature before hot pressing
is performed, because Mn decreases the Ac.sub.3 transformation
temperature. It is necessary that the Mn content be 0.5% or more in
order to realize such effects. On the other hand, in the case where
the Mn content is more than 3.0%, since Mn is segregated, there is
a deterioration in the homogeneity of the properties of a steel
sheet as a material and a hot-pressed member. Therefore, it is
preferable that the Mn content be 0.5% to 3.0%.
[0041] P: 0.10% or Less
[0042] In the case where the P content is more than 0.10%, since P
is segregated, there is a deterioration in the homogeneity of the
properties of a steel sheet as a material and a hot-pressed member,
and there is a significant decrease in toughness. Therefore, it is
preferable that the P content be 0.10% or less.
[0043] S: 0.05% or Less
[0044] In the case where the S content is more than 0.05%, there is
a decrease in the toughness of a hot-pressed member. Therefore, it
is preferable that the S content be 0.05% or less.
[0045] Al: 0.10% or Less
[0046] In the case where the Al content is more than 0.10%, there
is a deterioration in the blanking performance and hardenability of
a steel sheet as a material. Therefore, it is preferable that the
Al content be 0.10% or less.
[0047] N: 0.010% or Less
[0048] In the case where the N content is more than 0.010%, since
nitrides of AlN are formed when hot rolling is performed or when
heating is performed before hot pressing work is performed, there
is a deterioration in the blanking performance and hardenability of
a steel sheet as a material Therefore, it is preferable that the N
content be 0.010% or less.
[0049] The remainder is and inevitable impurities. Moreover, it is
preferable that at least one selected from Cr: 0.01% to 1.0%, Ti:
0.01% to 0.20%, and B: 0.0005% to 0.0800% and Sb: 0.003% to 0.030%
be added separately or at the same time in addition to the chemical
composition described above for the reasons described below.
[0050] Cr: 0.01% to 1.0%
[0051] Cr is a chemical element which is effective for increasing
the strength of steel and improving hardenability of steel. It is
preferable that the Cr content be 0.01% or more in order to realize
such effects. On the other hand, in the case where the Cr content
is more than 1.0%, there is a significant increase in cost.
Therefore, it is preferable that the upper limit of the Cr content
be 1.0%.
[0052] Ti: 0.01% to 0.20%
[0053] Ti is a chemical element which is effective for increasing
the strength of steel and which is effective for increasing
toughness by decreasing a crystal grain size. In addition, Ti is a
chemical element which is effective for realizing the effect of
improving hardenability through the use of solid solution B by
forming nitrides more readily than B, which will be described
below. Therefore, it is preferable that the Ti content be 0.01% or
more. However, in the case where the Ti content is more than 0.20%,
there is a significant increase in rolling load when hot rolling is
performed, and there is a decrease in the toughness of a
hot-pressed member. Therefore, it is preferable that the upper
limit of the Ti content be 0.20%.
[0054] B: 0.0005% to 0.0800%
[0055] B is a chemical element which is effective for improving
hardenability when hot pressing is performed and for increasing
toughness after the hot pressing. It is preferable that the B
content be 0.0005% or more in order to realize such effects. On the
other hand, in the case where the B content is more than 0.0800%,
there is a significant increase in rolling load when hot rolling is
performed, and, for example, cracking occurs in a steel sheet due
to the formation of a martensite phase and a bainite phase after
the hot rolling. Therefore, it is preferable that the upper limit
of the B content be 0.0800%.
[0056] Sb: 0.003% to 0.030%
[0057] Sb is effective for inhibiting the formation of a
decarburized layer in the surface layer of a steel sheet in a
process in which a zinc-based coated steel sheet is subjected to
heating followed by hot pressing work and cooling. It is necessary
that the Sb content be 0.003% or more in order to realize such an
effect. On the other hand, in the case where the Sb content is more
than 0.030%, since there is an increase in rolling load, there is a
decrease in productivity. Therefore, it is preferable that the Sb
content be 0.003% to 0.030%.
[0058] 3) Hot Pressing Process
[0059] In the method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member
according to the present disclosure, a hot-pressed member is
manufactured by using one of the processes in the two embodiments
described below as a hot pressing process. The two embodiments
discussed herein are exemplary embodiments.
[0060] The first embodiment is a method for manufacturing a
hot-pressed member and is a hot pressing process called direct
process in which a zinc-based coated steel sheet is subjected to
heating to a temperature range from the Ac3 transformation
temperature to 1000.degree. C. followed by hot pressing work and
cooling. In the case where the heating temperature is lower than
the Ac3 transformation temperature, since there is an insufficient
degree of quenching of a steel sheet, there may be a case where it
is not possible to achieve the desired strength. In addition, in
the case where the heating temperature is higher than 1000.degree.
C., there is an economic disadvantage from the viewpoint of energy,
and it is difficult to manufacture a hot-pressed member having a
homogeneous and good surface appearance due to the significant
generation of point-like defects. In addition, cooling after hot
pressing work may be performed by using a mold at the same time as
hot pressing work, or the cooling may be performed by using a
coolant such as water at the same time as hot pressing work or
immediately after the hot pressing work.
[0061] The second embodiment is a method for manufacturing a
hot-pressed member and is a hot pressing process called indirect
process in which a zinc-based coated steel sheet is subjected to
cold pressing work followed by heating to a temperature range from
the Ac3 transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C. and cooling.
In this process, cold pressing work is first performed before a
zinc-based coated steel sheet is heated. Subsequently, the
cold-pressed member is subjected to heating followed by cooling.
The heating temperature is set to be in a temperature range from
the Ac3 transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C. for the
reasons described above. Cooling may be performed by using a mold
which is used for cooling a member or by using a coolant such as
water. In addition, when cooling is performed by using a mold, work
may be added by performing hot pressing.
[0062] Here, the term "heating temperature" means the maximum
end-point temperature of a steel sheet. In addition, examples of a
method for performing the heating described above include heating
which utilizes, for example, an electric furnace or a gas furnace,
direct-fired heating, electrical heating, high-frequency heating,
and induction heating.
[0063] 4) Surface-Cleaning Treatment
[0064] In the method for manufacturing a hot-pressed member
according to the present disclosure, a surface-cleaning treatment
is performed on a zinc-based coated steel sheet before the
zinc-based coated steel sheet is heated in order to remove stains
due to, for example, dirt, dust, and fingerprint which are adhered
to the surface of a coating layer. This surface-cleaning treatment
is an important requirement in the present disclosure. In the case
where this surface-cleaning treatment is not performed, point-like
defects are generated as illustrated in FIG. 1(b). On the other
hand, in the case where a surface-cleaning treatment is performed,
it is possible to manufacture a product having a good surface
appearance as illustrated in FIG. 1(a). Here, examples of
point-like defects include a white defect illustrated in FIG. 2(a),
which is a mark of intense vaporization of zinc left at the
position of the breakage of a ZnO layer, with which the surface of
a zinc-based coating layer has been covered, and a black defect
illustrated in FIG. 2(b), which is generated as a result of scale
being generated through the progress of the oxidation of a base
steel sheet at the position of a white defect. Since, both of the
point-like defects deteriorate surface appearance and paint
adhesiveness, it is necessary to inhibit point-like defects as much
as possible by performing a surface-cleaning treatment. As
described above, a surface-cleaning treatment according to the
present disclosure is a treatment which removes the origins of
point-like defects.
[0065] It is necessary to perform a surface-cleaning treatment
before a heating process. Therefore, in the case of the first
embodiment described above (in which a zinc-based coated steel
sheet is subjected to heating to a temperature range from the Ac3
transformation temperature to 1000.degree. C. followed by hot
pressing work), it is necessary to perform a surface-cleaning
treatment on a steel sheet in the form of a coiled steel sheet or
in the form of a cut steel sheet or a steel sheet blank, which has
been cut out of the coiled steel sheet. In addition, in the case of
the second embodiment described above (in which a zinc-based coated
steel sheet is subjected to cold pressing work followed by heating
to a temperature range from the Ac3 transformation temperature to
1000.degree. C.), a surface-cleaning treatment may be performed on
a steel sheet in the form of a coiled steel sheet or in the form of
a cut steel sheet or a steel sheet blank, which has been cut out of
the coiled steel sheet, or on a cold-pressed member after cold
pressing work. Here, in any one of the first embodiment and the
second embodiment, it is preferable at the period of time from the
end of a surface cleaning treatment to the beginning of heating be
as short as possible. In addition, it is preferable that a
surface-cleaning treatment be performed on a steel sheet in the
form of a steel sheet blank, because this facilitates the treatment
with a high level of surface-cleaning effect.
[0066] There is no particular limitation on the method used for
performing a surface-cleaning treatment as long as it is possible
to remove stains due to, for example, dirt, dust, and fingerprint
which are adhered to the surface of a coating layer. Examples of a
method for performing a surface-cleaning treatment include one in
which the surface of a steel sheet is wiped with waste cloth, one
in which the surface of a steel sheet is brushed by using, for
example, a nylon brush, one in which the surface of a steel sheet
is brushed after a liquid such as a wash oil, which has no negative
effect on a steel sheet, has been applied to the surface, and one
in which alkaline degreasing or solvent degreasing is performed.
Since a method in which a liquid is in contact with the surface of
a steel sheet such as a combined method of wash-oil application and
brushing, an alkaline degreasing method, or a solvent degreasing
method has a higher cleaning effect than a physical method such as
one in which wiping with waste cloth or brushing is performed, it
is preferable that a method in which a liquid be in contact with
the surface of a steel sheet be performed to clean the surface of a
steel sheet completely. However, in the case where alkaline
degreasing is performed as a surface-cleaning treatment by using an
alkaline degreasing liquid having a pH of 12.5 or more, since there
is an excessive effect of dissolving a zinc-based coating layer,
the generation of point-like defects is conversely promoted due to
inhomogeneous dissolution, and there is a deterioration in
corrosion resistance due to a decrease in coating weight.
Therefore, in the case where alkaline degreasing is performed as a
surface-cleaning treatment by using an alkaline degreasing liquid,
the pH of the alkaline degreasing liquid is set to be less than
12.5. Moreover, it is preferable that the process of a
surface-cleaning treatment have a low cost. In the case where
apparatuses for cold pressing work has an apparatus for performing
the combination of wash-oil application and brushing, such
equipment can preferably be used for hot pressing work, because it
is possible to perform a treatment at low cost with a high cleaning
effect by using such equipment.
EXAMPLES
[0067] A cold-rolled steel sheet having a chemical composition
containing, by mass %, C: 0.23%, Si: 0.25%, Mn: 1.2%, P: 0.01%, S:
0.01%, Al: 0.03%, N: 0.005%, Cr: 0.2%, Ti: 0.02%, B: 0.0022%, Sb:
0.008%, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, an Ac3
transformation temperature of 820.degree. C., and a thickness of
1.6 mm was used as a base steel sheet. The surface of this
cold-rolled steel sheet was coated with one of a galvanizing layer,
a hot-dip Zn--Al-alloy coating layer (Al content: 55 mass %), a
galvannealing layer (Fe content: 10 mass %), a Zn electroplating
layer, and a Zn--Ni-alloy electroplating layer (Ni content: 12 mass
%) and cut into a sample having a size of 200 mm.times.300 mm.
[0068] The sample obtained as described above was subjected to a
surface-cleaning treatment. A surface-cleaning treatment was
performed by using one of A: a wiping method with waste cloth, B: a
brushing method, C: a combined method of wash-oil application and
brushing, D: an alkaline degreasing method (pH: 12.0), and E: a
solvent degreasing method. As comparative examples, samples which
had been subjected to F: strong alkaline degreasing (pH: 13.0) and
samples which had not been subjected to a surface-cleaning
treatment were also prepared.
[0069] Wiping with waste cloth was performed by using waste cloth
(Cleaning White Stockinet Waste (Cotton) produced by Nihon Waste
Co., Ltd.) and by wiping the surface of a sample twice with a
reciprocating movement of a hand.
[0070] Brushing was performed by using a nylon-fiber plant brush
(SK-type Straight Brush produced by Showa Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and by
brushing the surface of a sample twice with a reciprocating
movement of a hand.
[0071] The combination of wash-oil application and brushing was
performed by performing brushing as described above after having
applied a wash rust-prevention oil (PRETON R352L produced by
Sugimura Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.) to the surface of a sample
so that the amount of oil applied was 2.0 g/m.sup.2.
[0072] Alkaline degreasing was performed by spraying a sample with
an alkaline degreasing liquid (CL-N364S, 20 g/L, 60.degree. C.,
produced by Nihon Parkerizing Co., LTD.) for 10 seconds, and
thereafter performing water washing followed by drying. Here, at
this time, the pH of the alkaline degreasing liquid was 12.0.
[0073] Solvent degreasing was performed by immersing a sample in a
combined solvent of toluene and ethanol having a mixture ratio of
1:1, and thereafter performing ultrasonic cleaning for one minute
and drying.
[0074] Strong alkaline degreasing, which was performed as a
comparative example, was performed by immersing a sample in a
strong alkaline degreasing liquid (NaOH aqueous solution, pH:
controlled to be 13.0, 50.degree. C.) for seconds, and thereafter
performing water washing followed by drying.
[0075] Subsequently, the sample was heated in an electric furnace
at a temperature of 950.degree. C. so that duration of the sample
in the electric furnace was 8 minutes, the sample was taken out of
the furnace immediately after completion of heating, and then held
in a flat, mold made of Al in order to perform a rapid cooling
treatment (cooling rate: 50.degree. C./s).
[0076] The surface appearance of the samples (zinc-based coated
steel sheets) obtained as described above was evaluated by using
the following method.
[0077] Ten samples were each prepared under the same condition in
order to increase the judgment accuracy of surface appearance.
After having performed a visual test regarding the state of
point-like defects of the samples, surface appearance was judged on
the basis of the judgment criteria below, and the case of
.circle-w/dot. or .largecircle. was judged as satisfactory. Here,
in the examples of the present disclosure, although the effect of
the present disclosure was evaluated on the basis of the evaluation
of the surface appearance after having heated and cooled a flat
sheet as described above without performing practical press forming
which utilized a direct process or an indirect process, the results
of the present evaluation are the same as those of the evaluation
of the surface appearance after having performed practical press
forming which utilizes the above-mentioned two processes, because
the surface appearance after having performed heating and cooling
depends on whether or not stain components exist on the surface of
the sample and on the effect of removing the stain components.
[0078] : 10 out of the 10 samples had no point-like defect
[0079] .largecircle.: 8 to 9 out of the 10 samples had no
point-like defect
[0080] .DELTA.: 5 to 7 out of the 10 samples had no point-like
defect
[0081] .times.: 0 to 4 out of the 10 samples had no point-like
defect
[0082] The results of the evaluation of surface appearance are
given in Table 1 in combination with the manufacturing
conditions.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Coating Layer Coating Steel Weight per Sheet
Side Surface-cleaning Treatment Surface No. Type * (g/m.sup.2) Code
Treatment Method Appearance Note 1 GI 60 A Wiping with Waste Cloth
.smallcircle. Example 2 GL 80 A Wiping with Waste Cloth
.smallcircle. Example 3 GA 20 A Wiping with Waste Cloth
.smallcircle. Example 4 GA 45 A Wiping with Waste Cloth
.smallcircle. Example 5 GA 90 A Wiping with Waste Cloth
.smallcircle. Example 6 EG 40 A Wiping with Waste Cloth
.smallcircle. Example 7 ZN 10 A Wiping with Waste Cloth Example 8
ZN 60 A Wiping with Waste Cloth Example 9 ZN 90 A Wiping with Waste
Cloth Example 10 GI 60 B Brushing .smallcircle. Example 11 GL 80 B
Brushing .smallcircle. Example 12 GA 20 B Brushing .smallcircle.
Example 13 GA 45 B Brushing .smallcircle. Example 14 GA 90 B
Brushing .smallcircle. Example 15 EG 40 B Brushing .smallcircle.
Example 16 ZN 10 B Brushing Example 17 ZN 60 B Brushing Example 18
ZN 90 B Brushing Example 19 GI 60 C Wash-oil Application + Brushing
Example 20 GL 80 C Wash-oil Application + Brushing Example 21 GA 20
C Wash-oil Application + Brushing Example 22 GA 45 C Wash-oil
Application + Brushing Example 23 GA 90 C Wash-oil Application +
Brushing Example 24 EG 40 C Wash-oil Application + Brushing Example
25 ZN 10 C Wash-oil Application + Brushing Example 26 ZN 60 C
Wash-oil Application + Brushing Example 27 ZN 90 C Wash-oil
Application + Brushing Example 28 GI 60 D Alkaline Degreasing
Example 29 GL 80 D Alkaline Degreasing Example 30 GA 20 D Alkaline
Degreasing Example 31 GA 45 D Alkaline Degreasing Example 32 GA 90
D Alkaline Degreasing Example 33 EG 40 D Alkaline Degreasing
Example 34 ZN 10 D Alkaline Degreasing Example 35 ZN 60 D Alkaline
Degreasing Example 36 ZN 90 D Alkaline Degreasing Example 37 GI 60
E Solvent Degreasing Example 38 GL 80 E Solvent Degreasing Example
39 GA 20 E Solvent Degreasing Example 40 GA 45 E Solvent Degreasing
Example 41 GA 90 E Solvent Degreasing Example 42 EG 40 E Solvent
Degreasing Example 43 ZN 10 E Solvent Degreasing Example 44 ZN 60 E
Solvent Degreasing Example 45 ZN 90 E Solvent Degreasing Example 46
GI 60 F Strong Alkaline Degreasing x Comparative Example 47 GL 80 F
Strong Alkaline Degreasing x Comparative Example 48 GA 20 F Strong
Alkaline Degreasing x Comparative Example 49 GA 45 F Strong
Alkaline Degreasing x Comparative Example 50 GA 90 F Strong
Alkaline Degreasing x Comparative Example 51 EG 40 F Strong
Alkaline Degreasing x Comparative Example 52 ZN 10 F Strong
Alkaline Degreasing .DELTA. Comparative Example 53 ZN 60 F Strong
Alkaline Degreasing .DELTA. Comparative Example 54 ZN 90 F Strong
Alkaline Degreasing .DELTA. Comparative Example 55 GI 60 -- No
Treatment x Comparative Example 56 GL 80 -- No Treatment x
Comparative Example 57 GA 20 -- No Treatment x Comparative Example
58 GA 45 -- No Treatment x Comparative Example 59 GA 90 -- No
Treatment x Comparative Example 60 EG 40 -- No Treatment x
Comparative Example 61 ZN 10 -- No Treatment .DELTA. Comparative
Example 62 ZN 60 -- No Treatment .DELTA. Comparative Example 63 ZN
90 -- No Treatment .DELTA. Comparative Example * GI: galvanizing
layer GL: hot-dip Zn-Al-alloy coating layer (Al content: 55 mass %)
GA: galvannealing layer (Fe content: 10 mass %) EG: Zn
electroplating layer ZN: Zn-Ni-alloy electroplating layer (Ni
content: 12 mass %)
[0083] It is clarified that all the zinc-based coated steel sheets
(examples of the present disclosure), which were manufactured by
performing a surface-cleaning treatment in the manufacturing method
according to the present disclosure, were excellent in terms of
surface appearance. In particular, it is clarified that the surface
appearance was absolutely excellent in the case where a
Zn--Ni-alloy-electroplated steel sheet was used. On the other hand,
the zinc-based coated steel sheet (comparative example), which was
subjected to degreasing with a strong alkali having a pH of 12.5 or
more, and the zinc-based coated steel sheet (comparative example),
which was not subjected to a surface-cleaning treatment, were poor
in terms of surface appearance.
* * * * *