U.S. patent application number 15/025525 was filed with the patent office on 2018-07-12 for parallel digging, mining and filling operation coal mining method for controlling overlaying strata fracture and surface subsidence.
This patent application is currently assigned to CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY. The applicant listed for this patent is CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY. Invention is credited to Liqiang MA, Qiankun Miao.
Application Number | 20180195386 15/025525 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52756128 |
Filed Date | 2018-07-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180195386 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
MA; Liqiang ; et
al. |
July 12, 2018 |
PARALLEL DIGGING, MINING AND FILLING OPERATION COAL MINING METHOD
FOR CONTROLLING OVERLAYING STRATA FRACTURE AND SURFACE
SUBSIDENCE
Abstract
Disclosed is a parallel digging, mining and filling operation
coal mining method, in which a stope haulage roadway, stope branch
roadways, and two-winged adits are arranged in a stope. The stope
haulage roadway and the stope branch roadways serve as haulage
passages, and coal mining work is carried out in the two-winged
adits. All two-winged adits are mined sequentially and filled
timely, and coal mass that has not been mined or two-winged adits
that have been filled always exist at the two sides of the
two-winged adit that are being mined, to support and control the
roof. The two-winged adits can be mined without support or with
less supports by controlling the length of the two-winged adits and
the number of two-winged adits filled in one time, whereupon
pillar-free mining can be realized.
Inventors: |
MA; Liqiang; (Jiangsu,
CN) ; Miao; Qiankun; (Jiangsu, CN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY |
Jiangsu |
|
CN |
|
|
Assignee: |
CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND
TECHNOLOGY
Jiangsu
CN
|
Family ID: |
52756128 |
Appl. No.: |
15/025525 |
Filed: |
May 12, 2015 |
PCT Filed: |
May 12, 2015 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/CN2015/078725 |
371 Date: |
March 28, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21C 41/16 20130101;
E21F 15/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E21C 41/16 20060101
E21C041/16; E21F 15/00 20060101 E21F015/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 13, 2014 |
CN |
201410643437.7 |
Claims
1. A coal mining method for controlling overlaying strata fracture
and surface subsidence, comprising the following steps: a.
arranging a stope haulage roadway along an edge part or middle part
of a stope, and digging a stope branch roadway perpendicularly or
obliquely to the stope haulage roadway; b. performing multiple
two-winged adits mining in a coal mass in the stope branch roadway
from inner side to outer side, wherein, each two-winged adit and
the corresponding section of the stope branch roadway is referred
to as a stage; c. performing next stage two-winged adit mining at
an interval equal to a width of a two-winged adit along the stope
branch roadway, whenever each stage two-winged mining adit mining
is completed; d. building up sealing walls in the stope branch
roadway and filling the two-winged adits that have been mined and
the corresponding sections of the stope branch roadway, after
multiple stages two-winged adits mining is completed; e. repeating
steps b and c to continue two-winged adits mining in the stope
branch roadway, while executing step the steps d; f. repeating the
steps b, c, d, and e, until all two-winged adits in the stope
branch roadway have been mined and filled; g. digging a next stope
branch roadway parallel to the stope branch roadway at one side of
the stope branch roadway, while mining and filling the two-winged
adits in the stope branch roadway; h. repeating the steps b, c, d,
e, and f, until the next stope branch roadway and all two-winged
mining adits in it have been mined and filled; i. repeating the
steps b, c, d, e, f, and g, until all stope branch roadways and all
two-winged adits therein at one side of the stope haulage roadway
have been mined and filled; j. digging a stope haulage roadway on
the other side of the stope and digging a stope branch roadway at
one side of the stope haulage roadway, while mining and filling the
stope branch roadway and the two-winged adits at one side of the
stope haulage roadway, wherein, the stope branch roadway is located
between two adjacent stope branch roadway; and k. performing
two-winged adits mining and filling in the stope branch roadway by
repeating steps b, c, d, e, f, and g, until the coal resource in
the entire stope has been mined out and filled.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: an included angle
.alpha. between the direction perpendicular to the stope branch
roadway and the adit is determined according to a requirement of
the working angle of the coal mining equipment.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: a width of each
two-winged adit is substantially equal to a working width of a coal
mining equipment.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: distance L between
adjacent stope branch roadways at the same side of the stope
haulage roadway is determined by the formula
L.apprxeq.L.sub.1+2L.sub.2.sup.cos.alpha., where, L.sub.1 is a
width of a stope branch roadway, and L.sub.2 is a length of an
adit.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a coal mining method,
belongs to the field of coal mining technology, and particularly
relates to a parallel digging, mining arid filling operation coal
mining method for controlling overlaying strata fracture and
surface subsidence.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Water-preserved mining refers to mining by a reasonable coal
mining method and process, so as to ensure the mining disturbance
will not cause damage to the water-bearing structure in the water
bearing strata; or ensure the water level in the water bearing
strata can recover within a certain time period though the
water-bearing structure is damaged to some degree and some water
loss occurs; or ensure the normal water supply will not be affected
and at least the water supply can meet the demand of the ground
ecosystem for water resource even though the underground water
level can't recover to the original level.
[0003] Existing water-preserved mining techniques have a poor
mining ratio, or can't attain a good water preservation effect, or
don't have high recovery efficiency owing to the filling method. It
is desirable to develop a coal mining method, which can realize
quick, safe, and efficient coal mining while preserving water
resources.
[0004] In addition, there is a large quantity of coal in "three
unders" (under constructions, railroads, and water bodies) in
China. According to the result of preliminary statistics performed
in state-owned major coal mines, the total quantity of such coal is
as high as 13.79 billion tons. As the technical level of coal
mining is improved, to release the coal under constructions,
railroads, and water bodies, techniques for mining the coal under
constructions, railroads, and water bodies have been developed
greatly. Presently, commonly used methods for controlling surface
subsidence mainly include: coordinated mining, partial mining,
grouting into separated strata in overburden, and mining with
filling, etc. Coordinated mining utilizes the counter balancing
among surface deformations resulted from simultaneous mining at
multiple working faces to attain the purpose of reducing surface
deformation, but it involves simultaneous mining at multiple
working faces and is constrained by the layout of protected objects
on the ground surface; therefore, it has severe impacts on the
exploitation design and has limited applicability. Partial mining
controls overlaying strata movement and surface subsidence by
mining coal partially and reserving permanent coal pillars in
certain width, and mainly includes Wongawilli mining, board and
pillar mining, strip mining, limited thickness mining, knife
mining, and roadway mining, etc. Though these methods can control
surface subsidence to some degree, their mining ratios are not
high, usually about 50%. Grouting into separated strata in
overburden utilizes bore grouting to fill the space of separated
strata between upper hard strata and lower soft strata, to attain
the purpose of controlling the overlying bed subsidence above the
hard strata and the surface subsidence; with that method, the
surface subsidence reduction ratio is usually not higher than 40%.
Compared with other methods for controlling surface subsidence,
mining with filling is the most effective method for controlling
surface subsidence at present, and the gob can be filled partially
or fully. Depending on the layout of working face, the filling
method can be gob filling along long-wall working face, strip
filling, or roadway filling, etc. The problems existing in these
methods mainly include: difficulties in coordination between coal
mining and filling, complex filling system, large filling space,
and long filling time, etc.
CONTENTS OF THE INVENTION
[0005] Technical problem: To overcome the drawbacks in the prior
art, the present invention provides a parallel digging, mining and
filling operation coal mining method for controlling overlaying
strata fracture and surface subsidence, which is simple, can attain
a high coal mining ratio, achieves a good surface subsidence
control effect, and safely and efficiently controls overlaying
strata fracture and surface subsidence. Technical solution: The
parallel digging, mining and filling operation coal mining method
for controlling overlaying strata fracture and surface subsidence
provided in the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0006] a. arranging a stope haulage roadway I along the edge part
or middle part of a stope, and digging a stope branch roadway I
perpendicularly or obliquely to the stope haulage roadway I; [0007]
b. performing multiple two-winged adit mining in the coal mass in
the stope branch roadway I from inner side to outer side, wherein,
each two-winged adit mining and the corresponding section of the
stope branch roadway I is referred to as a stage; [0008] c.
performing an alternate two-winged adit mining in the next stage at
an interval equal to the width of a two-winged mining adit along
the stope branch roadway I, whenever the two-winged adit mining in
each stage is completed; [0009] d. building sealing walls in the
stope branch roadway I and filling the two-winged adits and the
corresponding sections of the stope branch roadway I, after the
multiple stages two-winged adit mining is completed; [0010] e.
repeating steps b and c to continue the two-winged adit mining in
the stope branch roadway I, while executing the steps d; [0011] f.
repeating the steps b, c, d, and e, till all two-winged adits in
the stope branch roadway I have been mined and filled; [0012] g.
digging a next stope branch roadway I parallel to the stope branch
roadway I at one side of the stope branch roadway I, while mining
and filling the two-winged adits in the stope branch roadway I;
[0013] h. repeating the steps b, c, d, e, and f, till the next
stope branch roadway I and all two-winged adits therein have been
mined and filled; [0014] i. repeating the steps b, c, d, e, f, and
g, till all stope branch roadways I and all two-winged adits
therein at one side of the stope haulage roadway I have been mined
and filled; [0015] j. digging a stope haulage roadway II on the
other side of the stope and digging a stope branch roadway II at
one side of the stope haulage roadway II, while mining and filling
the stope branch roadway I and the two-winged adits at one side of
the stope haulage roadway I, wherein, the stope branch roadway II
is located between two adjacent stope branch roadway I; [0016] k.
performing two-winged adits mining and filling in the stope branch
roadway II with the method described in the step b, c, d, e, f, and
g, till the coal resource in the entire stope has been mined and
filled.
[0017] The included angle .alpha. between the direction
perpendicular to stope branch roadway and the adit is determined
according to the requirement of the working angle of the coal
mining equipment; the width of each two-winged adit is equal to the
working width of the coal mining equipment; the distance L between
adjacent stope branch roadways at the same side of the stope
haulage roadway is determined with a formula
L.apprxeq.L.sub.1+2L.sub.2.sup.cos.alpha., where, L.sub.1 is the
width of a stope branch roadway, and L.sub.2 is the length of an
adit.
[0018] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, stope branch
roadways and two-winged adits are arranged, the two-winged adit and
the corresponding section of the stope branch roadway are referred
to as a stage, sealing walls are built in the stope branch roadway
after multiple stages of mining is completed, and the two-winged
adits are filled uniformly, to minimize the quantity of the sealing
walls. The stope branch roadways are used as main haulage passages,
and the coal mining work is carried out in the two-winged adits;
the two-winged adits are filled timely, and two-winged adits that
have not been mined or have been filled are utilized as roof
supports, and the length of two-winged adits is controlled to
eliminate the requirement for supporting; after the filling mass
meets the strength requirement, the two-winged adits that have not
been mined in the reserved coal pillars are mined with the same
method, so that the coal is replaced by the filling mass. The coal
mining method provided in the present invention overcomes the
drawbacks in the existing coal mining method for mining the coal
under constructions, railroads, and water bodies, such as low
recovery ratio, difficulties in coordination between mining and
filling, and complex production system, etc., realizes safe and
efficient recovery of the coal under constructions, railroads, and
water bodies while preserving the water resources, and can
effectively control overlaying strata fractures and surface
subsidence. The method enables synchronous and coordinated coal
mining and filling, attains a high recovery ratio, achieves a good
surface subsidence control effect, and realizes safe and efficient
water-preserved coal mining through parallel digging, mining and
filling operation while effectively controlling overlaying strata
fractures and surface subsidence. The method is simple, can realize
a high coal recovery ratio and a good surface subsidence control
effect, and has wide practicability.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of first stage mining along
the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage
roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0020] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of second stage mining along
the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage
roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0021] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of third stage mining along
the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage
roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0022] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of filling for the first time
in the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope
haulage roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0023] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of filling for the second time
in the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope
haulage roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0024] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram after the first stope branch
roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) is filled
in the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram after the second stope branch
roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) is filled
in the present invention;
[0026] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram after the first stope branch
roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is dug
in the present invention;
[0027] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram after all stope branch
roadways I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) are
filled in the present invention;
[0028] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram after the second stage mining
along the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope
haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present invention;
[0029] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram after the third stage mining
along the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope
haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present invention;
[0030] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram after the filling for the
first time in the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the
stope haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present
invention;
[0031] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram after the filling for the
second time in the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the
stope haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present
invention;
[0032] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram after the first stope branch
roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is
filled in the present invention;
[0033] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram after the working face is
mined and filled in the present invention;
[0034] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the method provided in the
present invention.
[0035] In the figures: 1, 6--stope haulage roadway; 2, 7--stope
branch roadway; 3--two-winged adit; 4--sealing wall; 5--filling
mass; 8--triangular coal.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0036] Hereunder the present invention will be further detailed in
an embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The
parallel digging, mining and filling operation coal mining method
for controlling overlaying strata fracture and surface subsidence
provided in the present invention includes the following steps:
[0037] a. as shown in FIG. 1, a stope haulage roadway I 1 is
arranged along the edge part of a stope, and a stope branch roadway
I 2 is dug perpendicularly or obliquely to the stope haulage
roadway I 1; or, a stope haulage roadway I 1 can be arranged in the
middle of the stope directly, and a stope branch roadway I 2 is
arrange at each side of the stope haulage roadway I 1. [0038] b.
then, performing multiple two-winged adits mining in the coal mass
along the stope branch roadway I 2 from inner side to outer side;
the included angle .alpha. between the direction perpendicular to
stope branch roadway I 2 and the two-winged adit 3 shall meet the
requirement of turning of the coal mining equipment during
operation; the smaller the angle, the less the triangular coal 8 in
the schematic diagram will be, and the higher the recovery ratio
will be. Each two-winged adit 3 and the corresponding section of
the stope branch roadway I 2 is referred to as a stage, and the
width of each two-winged adit is equal to the working width of the
coal mining equipment; a next stage two-winged adit 3 at an
interval equal to the width of a two-winged adit 3 is mined along
the stope branch roadway I 2, whenever the two-winged adit 3 mining
in each stage is completed, as shown in FIGS. 2.about.3. The width
and depth of the adit 3 are determined according to the geological
conditions of the coal seam. The width and depth of the two-winged
adit 3 can be increased if the roof is stable. If the geologic
conditions of the stope branch roadway I 2 are poor, the roadway
roof in the triangular area of the two-winged adit 3 (i.e., the
intersection point between the two-winged adit 3 and the stope
branch roadway I 2) can be supported with crawler movable supports
or the like. [0039] c. sealing walls 4 are built up in the stope
branch roadway I 2 and the two-winged adits 3 that have been mined
and the corresponding sections of the stope branch roadway I 2 are
filled, after multiple stages two-winged adits 3 mining are
completed; the specific number of stages can be determined
according to the geologic conditions of coal seam; if the geologic
conditions of coal seam are good, more stages can be used;
otherwise less stages can be used; especially, the number of stages
should be determined according to the roof conditions, to ensure
that roadway wall rocks will not have severe deformation, i.e.,
there is no severe roof collapse, and the deformation of the sides
is within a reasonable range. In the schematic diagrams, 3 stages
are shown. Sealing walls 5 are built up in the stope branch roadway
2, and the two-winged mining adit 3 that have been mined in steps b
and c and the corresponding sections of the stope branch roadway 2
are filled, as shown in FIG. 4. [0040] d. the steps b and c are
repeated to continue two-winged mining adits 3 mining in the stope
branch roadway I 2, while the steps d is executed. [0041] e. a next
stope branch roadway I 2 parallel to the stope branch roadway I 2
is dug at one side of the stope branch roadway I 2, while the
two-winged mining adits 3 in the stope branch roadway 12 are mined
and filled, as shown in FIG. 5. [0042] f. the steps b, c, d, and e
are repeated, till all two-winged mining adits 3 in the stope
branch roadway I 2 have been mined and filled, as shown in FIG. 6.
[0043] g. the steps b, c, d, e, and f are repeated, till the next
stope branch roadway I 2 and all two-winged mining adits 3 therein
have been mined and filled, as shown in FIG. 7. [0044] h. a stope
haulage roadway II 2 is dug on the other side of the stope, and a
stope branch roadway II 7 is dug at one side of the stope haulage
roadway II 6, while the stope branch roadway I 2 and the two-winged
adits 3 at one side of the stope haulage roadway I 1 are mined and
filled, wherein, the stope branch roadway II 7 is located between
two adjacent stope branch roadway I 2, as shown in FIG. 8. [0045]
i. the steps b, c, d, e, f, and g are repeated, till all stope
branch roadways I 2 and all two-winged adits 3 therein at one side
of the stope haulage roadway I 1 have been mined and filled, as
shown in FIG. 9; the distance L between adjacent stope branch
roadways at the same side of the stope haulage roadway is
determined with a formula
L.apprxeq.L.sub.1+2L.sub.2.sup.cos.alpha., as shown in FIG. 16,
where, L.sub.1 is the width of a stope branch roadway, L.sub.2 is
the length of an adit, and a is the included angle between the
direction perpendicular to stope branch roadway 2 and adit. [0046]
j. the two-winged adits 3 in the stope branch roadway II 7 are
mined and filled with the method described in the steps b, c, d, e,
f, and g, till all coal resource in the first stope branch roadway
II 7 at one side of the stope haulage roadway II 6 has been mined
out and filled, as shown in FIGS. 10.about.14. [0047] k. the above
steps are repeated, till the remaining two-winged adits 3 at one
side of the stope haulage roadway II 6 are mined, as shown in FIG.
15.
* * * * *