U.S. patent application number 15/739703 was filed with the patent office on 2018-07-12 for drill bit and method for casing while drilling.
This patent application is currently assigned to Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.. Invention is credited to Ludovic Delmar, Bradley David Dunbar, Gustav Edward Lange.
Application Number | 20180195348 15/739703 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 57884831 |
Filed Date | 2018-07-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180195348 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lange; Gustav Edward ; et
al. |
July 12, 2018 |
Drill Bit and Method for Casing While Drilling
Abstract
Methods, devices, and systems include a nested drill bit
assembly, including an inner drill bit nested within an opening of
an outer drill bit. The inner drill bit is removably coupled to the
outer drill bit and the inner drill bit being co-axially positioned
within the outer drill bit and accessible from a first end of the
outer drill bit.
Inventors: |
Lange; Gustav Edward;
(Alberta, CA) ; Dunbar; Bradley David; (The
Woodlands, TX) ; Delmar; Ludovic; (Braine-l'Alleud,
BE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. |
Houston |
TX |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Halliburton Energy Services,
Inc.
Houston
TX
|
Family ID: |
57884831 |
Appl. No.: |
15/739703 |
Filed: |
July 27, 2015 |
PCT Filed: |
July 27, 2015 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US15/42267 |
371 Date: |
December 23, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21B 10/32 20130101;
E21B 10/43 20130101; E21B 10/62 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E21B 10/32 20060101
E21B010/32; E21B 10/62 20060101 E21B010/62; E21B 10/43 20060101
E21B010/43 |
Claims
1. A nested drill bit assembly, comprising: an outer drill bit
having an opening therethrough; and an inner drill bit nested
within the opening of the outer drill bit, the inner drill bit
releasably coupled to the outer drill bit and retrievable upon
release through an upper portion of the outer drill bit.
2. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner
drill bit is configured to engage with a first drill stem extending
into the opening of the outer drill bit.
3. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 2, wherein the inner
drill bit includes a drill stem engagement portion disposed toward
an upper portion of the inner drill bit.
4. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 2, wherein the inner
drill bit is configured to be axially movable beyond a bottom
portion of the outer drill bit when the inner drill bit is engaged
with the first drill stem.
5. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the outer
drill bit is configured to engage with a second drill stem.
6. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 5, wherein the outer
drill bit includes a drill stem engagement portion disposed toward
an upper portion of the outer drill bit.
7. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner
drill bit is co-axially positioned within the outer drill bit.
8. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the nested
drill bit assembly is rotatable by a first drill string when the
nested drill bit assembly is disposed within a borehole.
9. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner
drill bit is configured to disengage the outer drill bit by a
second drill string and the inner drill bit is rotatable when
disengaged from the outer drill bit, the second drill string having
an outer diameter smaller than the first drill string.
10. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner
drill bit is interchangable with at least a secondary inner drill
bit.
11. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, further comprising a
cap at least partially disposed between an outer surface of the
inner drill bit and an inner surface of the outer drill bit.
12. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 11, wherein the cap is
configured to disintegrate downhole.
13. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner
drill bit is releasably coupled to the outer drill bit with at
least one shear pin.
14. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner
drill bit is wire-line accessible.
15. The nested drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner
drill bit includes an inner drill bit cutting portion.
16. A method drilling a borehole in a formation, the method
comprising: inserting a nested drill bit assembly downhole, the
drill bit assembly including: an outer drill bit having an opening;
and a first inner drill bit nested within the opening of the outer
drill bit, the first inner drill bit releasably coupled to the
outer drill bit and retrievable upon release through an upper
portion of the outer drill bit; and decoupling the first inner
drill bit from the outer drill bit.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising engaging the first
inner drill bit with a subterranean formation downhole of the outer
drill bit.
18. The method of claim 16, further comprising: removing the first
inner drill bit from downhole; inserting a second inner drill bit
within the opening of the outer drill bit; and coupling the second
inner drill bit to the outer drill bit.
19. The method of claim 16, wherein decoupling the first inner
drill bit from the outer drill comprises applying a force to the
first inner drill bit using a first drill stem.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein decoupling the first inner
drill bit from the outer drill comprises breaking a shear pin that
coupled the first inner drill bit to the outer drill bit.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] This disclosure generally relates to exploration and
production of hydrocarbons involving investigations of regions of
an earth formation penetrated by a borehole. More specifically, the
disclosure relates to a nested drill bit arrangement configurable
for types of earth formation and drilling multiple borehole
sizes.
[0002] Generally, boreholes are drilled in multiple different
sections. For example, each section of the borehole decreases in
diameter as the borehole progresses deeper in the earth formation.
The progressively smaller diameter borehole sections are drilled by
progressively smaller diameter drill bits. When a new section of
borehole having a smaller diameter is needed, the previous drill
bit is tripped out of the borehole, new casing is run downhole, and
a new smaller diameter drill bit is run downhole to commence
drilling the new section of borehole.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] FIG. 1 illustrates generally a borehole having well borehole
sections, according to various embodiments.
[0004] FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of nested drill bit
assembly, according to various embodiments.
[0005] FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of a nested drill bit
assembly including an inner drill stem, according to various
embodiments.
[0006] FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a nested drill bit
assembly with the inner drill bit decoupled from the outer drill
bit, according to various embodiments.
[0007] FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of a nested drill bit
assembly including a plug, according to various embodiments.
[0008] FIG. 6 illustrates a perspective view of an outer drill bit
with a plug removed, according to various embodiments.
[0009] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow diagram of a method drilling a
borehole in a formation, according to various embodiments.
[0010] FIG. 8 illustrates generally an example of a wireline
logging apparatus.
[0011] FIG. 9 illustrates generally an example of a wireline
logging apparatus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] The following detailed description refers to the
accompanying drawings that show, by way of illustration and not
limitation, various embodiments in which the invention may be
practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to
enable those skilled in the art to practice these and other
embodiments. Other embodiments may be utilized, and structural,
logical, and electrical changes may be made to these embodiments.
The various embodiments are not necessarily mutually exclusive, as
some embodiments can be combined with one or more other embodiments
to form new embodiments. The following detailed description is,
therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.
[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates generally a borehole 8 having well
borehole sections 3 and 5, according to various embodiments. As
shown, a drilling rig 2 is located on a surface 4 above the
borehole 8, so as to provide a drilling assembly, as discussed
herein. The borehole 8 is formed by penetrating a subterranean
formation 6 with a drilling assembly, such as a nested drill bit
assembly, as discussed herein. As shown, the borehole 8 has a total
depth 14 (D3) including two borehole sections 3 and 5. The first
borehole section 3 includes a depth 10 (D1) and a diameter 12
(.PHI.1) and the second borehole section 5 includes a depth 11 (D2)
and a diameter 16 (.PHI.2). Generally, the first borehole section
(e.g., the borehole closest to the surface 4) has the greatest
diameter and the further the borehole penetrates the subterranean
formation 6, the smaller the borehole section diameter becomes. For
example, as shown, the first borehole section 3 diameter 12
(.PHI.1) is greater than the second borehole section 5 diameter 16
(.PHI.2). In an example, the borehole section 3 depth 10 (D1) is
less than, substantially equal to, or greater than the borehole
section 5 depth 11 (D2). That is, individual borehole section
depths are, in an example, independent or other borehole sections.
In an example, the borehole section depth is based on one or more
subterranean formation property, such as density, composition, or
the like.
[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of nested drill bit
assembly 20, according to various embodiments. As shown, the nested
drill bit assembly 20 is located within the borehole 8. The nested
drill bit assembly 20, in an example, is configured to drill the
borehole 8 having a diameter 12 (.PHI.1), as shown in FIG. 1. As
shown, the nested drill bit assembly 20 is located, at the depth 10
(D1), as shown in FIG. 1. The nested drill bit assembly 20 includes
an outer drill bit 22 and an inner drill bit 32 nested within an
outer drill bit bore 24 of the outer drill bit 22. The outer drill
bit 22 includes, in an example, an outer cutting portion 26. The
outer cutting portion 26 includes, for example, one or more outer
cutter 27. In an example, the one or more outer cutter 27 is
configured to penetrate or drill various types of subterranean
formations 6. For example, the outer drill bit 22, including the
outer cutting portion 26, is configured to penetrate a variety of
subterranean formations 6 expected at a drill location. As shown,
the outer drill bit 22 includes an outer drill bit upper portion 28
and an outer drill bit bottom portion 30. The out drill bit upper
portion 28 includes an outer drill bit engagement portion 29
configured to engage a drill stem (not shown) and a casing 44.
[0015] The inner drill bit 32 is removably coupled to the outer
drill bit 29, such as with one or more shear pin 40. For example,
the inner drill bit 32 is co-axially positioned within the outer
drill bit bore 29 along the axis C. In an example, the inner drill
bit 32 is removably coupled to the outer drill bit 22 such that the
inner drill bit 32 can be decoupled and re-coupled to the outer
drill bit 22. As shown, the drill bit assembly 20 includes a cap 42
disposed between at least a portion of the inner drill bit 22 and
the outer drill bit 32. In an example, the cap 42 protects the
inner drill bit cutting portion 46, including one or more inner
drill bit cutter 47, from a bore wall of the outer drill bit 32.
The cap 42 is, in an example, configured to at least partially
disintegrate downhole, such as when the cap 42 is exposed to a
drilling fluid (e.g., drilling mud) or a chemical substance fed
downhole through borehole 8, the outer drill bit bore 24, the inner
drill bit bore 34, or some combination thereof. For example, the
cap 42 can comprise a water soluble or a water degradable polymer
that at least partially degrades upon exposure to aqueous fluids
(e.g., drilling mud) under downhole conditions. Such polymers
include, but is not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl
acetate, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium
carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxy propyl
cellulose, derivatives of polyethylene glycol, starches, cellulose
triester, polyethylene oxide, polyesters such as polylactate, or
any combinations thereof. However, the cap 42 can comprise any
material known to persons of ordinary skill in the art that can be
dissolved, degraded, or disintegrated by a temperature or fluid
such as water-based drilling fluids, hydrocarbon-based drilling
fluids, or natural gas.
[0016] The inner drill bit 32 is, in an example, accessible within
the outer drill bit bore 24, such as from the outer drill bit upper
portion 28. For example, the inner drill bit 32 is, in an example,
wire-line accessible, as described herein. As shown, the inner
drill bit 32 includes an inner drill bit bore 34 configured to
permit drilling fluids (e.g., drilling mud) to pass up to the
surface (FIG. 1, 4) when the nested drill bit assembly 20 is
positioned downhole. In an example, the inner drill bit 32 includes
an inner drill bit upper portion 36 and an inner drill bit bottom
portion 38. The inner drill bit upper portion 37 includes an inner
drill bit engagement portion 36 configured to engage with a drill
stem, a casing, or both. That is, drilling with in inner drill bit
32, in an example, is done with a casing string by itself or a
drill stem by itself. In an example, the outer drill bit engagement
portion 29 is configured to engage a drill stem and a casing 44
having a greater diameter than the inner drill bit engagement
portion.
[0017] In an example, the nested drill bit assembly 20 is rotatable
by a first drill stem, such as a drill stem engaged with the outer
drill bit 22, when the nested drill bit assembly is disposed within
the borehole 8.
[0018] FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of nested drill bit
assembly 20, including an inner drill bit stem 50 (e.g., a second
drill stem), according to various embodiments. The second drill
stem 50 engages the inner dill bit engagement portion 36. The
second drill stem 50 is configured to apply a downward force (e.g.,
in the downhole direction) to the inner drill bit 32.
[0019] FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of nested drill bit
assembly 20, with the inner drill bit 32 decoupled from the outer
drill bit 22. As shown in FIG. 4, the second drill stem 50 is
applying a downward force to the inner drill bit 32 so as to shear
the shear pins (40, FIGS. 2 and 3) and decouple the inner drill bit
32 from the outer drill bit 22. The second drill stem 50 rotates
the inner drill bit 32 and applies a downward force to bore a
second borehole section 5. As discussed herein, the second borehole
section 5 has a second diameter 16 (.PHI.2) smaller than a first
diameter 12 (.PHI.1) of a first borehole section 3. As is apparent,
the first diameter 12 (.PHI.1) corresponds with an outer diameter
of the outer drill bit 22 and the second diameter 16 (.PHI.2)
corresponds with an outer diameter of the inner drill bit 32.
Drilling fluid is permitted to flow within the inner drill bit bore
34. Although FIG. 4 illustrates the inner drill bit 32 further
downhole of the outer drill bit 22, the inner drill bit 32, in an
example, is decoupled from the outer drill bit 22 and pulled out of
the bore hole 8 by the second drill stem 50 or a wireline
system.
[0020] FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of a nested drill bit
assembly 60, according to various embodiments. In an example, the
nested drill bit assembly 60 includes an outer drill bit 62 and an
inner drill bit 64 nested within a bore 68 of the outer drill bit
62. The inner drill bit 64, in an example, is nested toward a
bottom portion 63 of the outer drill bit 62 or the inner drill bit
64 is nested within the bore 68 towards an upper portion 65 of the
outer drill bit 62. In an example, the upper portion 65 includes an
engagement portion 66 for engaging a drill stem or a casing. As
shown in FIG. 5, the inner drill bit 64, in an example, is a plug.
The inner drill bit 64 is configured to plug the bore 68 and add
weight to the outer drill bit 62. As discussed herein, drilling
varying earth formations involves using different drill bit
assemblies. The inner drill bit 64, in an example, provides
additional weigh to the nested drill bit assembly 60 to aid in
drilling tougher or denser earth formations.
[0021] As discussed herein, the inner drill bit 64 is removably
coupled to the outer drill bit 62. For example, the inner drill bit
64 is capable of being decoupled and recoupled within the outer
drill bit bore 68. In an example, the nested drill bit assembly 60
includes multiple inner drill bits 64, each configured to be
individually nested within the bore 68 of the outer drill bit 62.
For example, an inner drill bit set can include multiple inner
drill bits 64 each distinct from one another, such as by weight or
other property. In an example, a first inner drill bit is decoupled
from the outer drill bit and the inner drill bit is pulled up and
out of the borehole by the drill stem or the wireline system. Then
a second inner drill bit is fed downhole and is recoupled with the
outer drill bit to form a new drill bit assembly including the
second inner drill bit and the outer drill bit.
[0022] FIG. 6 illustrates a perspective view of an outer drill bit
assembly 60 with the inner drill bit removed, according to various
embodiments. As shown in FIG. 6, the bottom portion 63 of the outer
drill bit 62 includes an opening 69. In an example the opening 69
is co-axial with the axis C of the bore 68. The opening 69 is in
communication with the bore 68 such that the bore 68 is through the
length of the outer drill bit 62.
[0023] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 70 for
drilling a borehole in a formation, according to various
embodiments. At 72, the method 70 includes inserting a nested drill
bit assembly downhole. The nested drill bit assembly, in an
example, includes the features and components discussed herein. For
example, the nested drill bit assembly includes a first inner drill
bit nested within a bore of an outer drill bit, the inner drill bit
removably coupled to the outer drill bit, the first inner drill bit
being co-axially positioned within the outer drill bit and
accessible from a first end of the outer drill bit.
[0024] The method 70 includes decoupling the first inner drill bit
from the outer drill bit, at 74. As discussed herein the inner
drill bit, in an example, is configured to decouple and recouple to
the outer drill bit or is configured to be decouple without
recoupling to the outer drill bit. In an example, the first inner
drill bit engages a subterranean formation downhole of the outer
drill bit. In such an example, the inner drill bit includes a
cutting portion configured to drill a bore in the subterranean
formation, such as a second bore segment, as described herein.
[0025] In an example, the method 70 includes removing the first
inner drill bit from downhole, inserting a second inner drill bit
within the bore of the outer drill bit, and coupling the second
inner drill bit to the outer drill bit. In such an example, the
inner drill bit is a plug, as described in reference to FIGS. 5 and
6.
[0026] FIG. 8 illustrates generally an example of a drilling
apparatus 8, such as including a measure-while-drilling (MWD) or
log-while-drilling (LWD) capability. The illustrative example of
FIG. 8 may include apparatus such as shown in FIGS. 2-6, or may be
used with techniques discussed in relation to FIGS. 1-7. A drilling
rig or platform 82 generally includes a derrick 84 or other
supporting structure, such as including or coupled to a hoist 86.
The hoist 86 may be used for raising or lowering equipment or other
apparatus such as drill string 88. The drill string 88 may access a
borehole 86, such as through a well head 82. The lower end of the
drill string 88 may include various apparatus, such as a drill head
814, such as to provide the borehole 816.
[0027] A drilling fluid or "mud" 817 may be circulated in the
annular region around the drill head 814 or elsewhere, such as
provided to the borehole 816 through a supply pipe 822, circulated
by a pump 820, and returning to the surface to be captured in a
retention pit 824 or sump. Various subs or tool assemblies may be
located along the drill string 88, such as include a bottom hole
assembly (BHA) 826 or a second sub 828.
[0028] As the BHA 86 or second sub 88 pass through various regions
of a formation 818, information may be obtained. For example, the
BHA 826, or the second sub 828, may include a sensor 815 (e.g., a
button, an electrode, as described herein) such as shown in the
examples of FIGS. 2-6, such as to evaluate the formation including
any mud effects. The second sub 828 may include wireless telemetry
or logging capabilities, or both, such as to transmit or later
provide information indicative of a formation resistivity to
operators on the surface or for later access in evaluation of
formation 818 properties, including depth. For example, portions
830 of the apparatus 80 at the surface may include one or more of
wireless telemetry, processor circuitry, or memory facilities, such
as to support log-while-drilling (LWD) or
measurement-while-drilling (MWD) operations.
[0029] FIG. 9 illustrates generally an example of a wireline
logging apparatus. The illustrative example of FIG. 9 may include a
sensor such as shown in FIGS. 2-6, or may be used with techniques
discussed in relation to FIGS. 1-7. Similar to the example of FIG.
8, a hoist 96 may be included as a portion of a platform 92, such
as coupled to a derrick 94, and used to raise or lower equipment
such as a wireline sonde 950 into or out of a borehole. In this
wireline example, a cable 942 may provide a communicative coupling
between a logging facility 944 (e.g., including a processor circuit
945 or other storage or control circuitry) and the sonde 950. In
this manner, information about the formation 918 may be obtained,
such as using an array log tool included as at least a portion of
the sonde 950 as discussed in other examples herein.
[0030] For purposes of illustration, the examples of FIGS. 8 and 9
show a vertically-oriented borehole configuration. However, the
apparatus and techniques described herein may also be used in other
borehole configurations, such as a borehole including a horizontal
penetration direction, or an oblique borehole configuration, for
example. The examples of FIGS. 8 and 9 also generally illustrate
land-based examples. But, apparatus and techniques described herein
may be used in offshore environments as well, such as for subsea
operations. In particular, offshore or subsea operations may
include use of wireline or LWD/MWD apparatus and techniques
including aspects of the examples herein.
[0031] To better illustrate the methods and articles for evaluating
mud effects in imaging tool measurement disclosed herein, a
non-limiting list of examples is provided:
[0032] Example 1 can include a nested drill bit assembly comprising
an outer drill bit having an opening therethrough; and an inner
drill bit nested within the opening of the outer drill bit, the
inner drill bit releasably coupled to the outer drill bit and
retrievable upon release through an upper portion of the outer
drill bit.
[0033] Example 2 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the inner drill bit is
configured to engage with a first drill stem extending into the
opening of the outer drill bit.
[0034] Example 3 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 2, wherein the inner drill bit
includes a drill stem engagement portion disposed toward an upper
portion of the inner drill bit.
[0035] Example 4 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 2, wherein the inner drill bit is
configured to be axially movable beyond a bottom portion of the
outer drill bit when the inner drill bit is engaged with the first
drill stem.
[0036] Example 5 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the outer drill bit is
configured to engage with a second drill stem.
[0037] Example 6 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 5, wherein the outer drill bit
includes a drill stem engagement portion disposed toward an upper
portion of the outer drill bit.
[0038] Example 7 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the inner drill bit is
co-axially positioned within the outer drill bit.
[0039] Example 8 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the nested drill bit
assembly is rotatable by a first drill string when the nested drill
bit assembly is disposed within a borehole.
[0040] Example 9 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the inner drill bit is
configured to disengage the outer drill bit by a second drill
string and the inner drill bit is rotatable when disengaged from
the outer drill bit, the second drill string having an outer
diameter smaller than the first drill string.
[0041] Example 10 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the inner drill bit is
interchangable with at least a secondary inner drill bit.
[0042] Example 11 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, further comprising a cap at least
partially disposed between an outer surface of the inner drill bit
and an inner surface of the outer drill bit.
[0043] Example 12 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 11, wherein the cap is configured to
disintegrate downhole.
[0044] Example 13 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the inner drill bit is
releasably coupled to the outer drill bit with at least one shear
pin.
[0045] Example 14 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the inner drill bit is
wire-line accessible.
[0046] Example 15 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 1, wherein the inner drill bit
includes an inner drill bit cutting portion.
[0047] Example 16 can include a method drilling a borehole in a
formation, the method comprising: inserting a nested drill bit
assembly downhole, the drill bit assembly including: an outer drill
bit having an opening; and a first inner drill bit nested within
the opening of the outer drill bit, the first inner drill bit
releasably coupled to the outer drill bit and retrievable upon
release through an upper portion of the outer drill bit; and
decoupling the first inner drill bit from the outer drill bit.
[0048] Example 17 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 16, further comprising engaging the
first inner drill bit with a subterranean formation downhole of the
outer drill bit.
[0049] Example 18 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 16, further comprising: removing the
first inner drill bit from downhole; inserting a second inner drill
bit within the opening of the outer drill bit; and coupling the
second inner drill bit to the outer drill bit.
[0050] Example 19 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 16, wherein decoupling the first
inner drill bit from the outer drill comprises applying a force to
the first inner drill bit using a first drill stem.
[0051] Example 20 can include, or can optionally be combined with
the subject matter of Example 16, wherein decoupling the first
inner drill bit from the outer drill comprises breaking a shear pin
that coupled the first inner drill bit to the outer drill bit.
* * * * *