U.S. patent application number 15/845520 was filed with the patent office on 2018-05-10 for aerosol dispenser with replaceable cartridge.
The applicant listed for this patent is AERODESIGNS, INC.. Invention is credited to David A. Edwards, Cecily Lalor, Gavin McKeown, Richard L. Miller.
Application Number | 20180127196 15/845520 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 48746642 |
Filed Date | 2018-05-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180127196 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Edwards; David A. ; et
al. |
May 10, 2018 |
AEROSOL DISPENSER WITH REPLACEABLE CARTRIDGE
Abstract
Aerosolizing delivery apparatuses can include cartridges
configured to be detachably connected to a delivery device. The
cartridges can include: a housing defining a reservoir and a
cartridge outlet, the cartridge outlet configured to permit fluid
communication between the reservoir and an exterior of the
cartridge. A surface of the housing can be configured to define a
bypass port between the housing and a surface of the delivery
device when the cartridge is assembled with the delivery
device.
Inventors: |
Edwards; David A.; (Boston,
MA) ; Lalor; Cecily; (Arlington, MA) ; Miller;
Richard L.; (Needham, MA) ; McKeown; Gavin;
(Bedford, MA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
AERODESIGNS, INC. |
Cambridge |
MA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
48746642 |
Appl. No.: |
15/845520 |
Filed: |
December 18, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13911947 |
Jun 6, 2013 |
9845187 |
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15845520 |
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61656507 |
Jun 6, 2012 |
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61733376 |
Dec 4, 2012 |
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61765259 |
Feb 15, 2013 |
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61781786 |
Mar 14, 2013 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M 2202/064 20130101;
A61M 15/0043 20140204; A61M 15/0028 20130101; A61M 2205/128
20130101; A61M 15/0016 20140204; B65D 83/753 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B65D 83/14 20060101
B65D083/14; A61M 15/00 20060101 A61M015/00 |
Claims
1. A cartridge configured to be detachably connected to a delivery
device, the cartridge comprising: a housing defining a reservoir
and a cartridge outlet, the cartridge outlet configured to permit
fluid communication between the reservoir and an exterior of the
cartridge, wherein a surface of the housing is configured to define
a bypass port between the housing and a surface of the delivery
device when the cartridge is assembled with the delivery
device.
2. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein, when connected to the
delivery device, the cartridge outlet is configured to be in fluid
communication with an inlet of the delivery device. 15
3. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the housing defines a
cartridge inlet that is in fluid communication with air exterior to
the device.
4. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridge inlet is defined
by a junction of the cartridge and a surface of the delivery
device.
5. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridge inlet is in
fluid communication with an interior space of the delivery
device.
6. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridge comprises a
closing mechanism operatively connected to at least one of the
cartridge inlet and the cartridge outlet.
7. The cartridge of claim 6, wherein the closing mechanism is at
least one of a post-in-hole structure, a spring-actuated door, a
slide lever, a living hinge, a flap valve, a unidirectional valve,
or combinations thereof.
8. The cartridge of claim 6, further comprising an actuator
operatively connected to the closing mechanism.
9. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge comprises an
inner member, and an outer member slidably interconnected to the
inner member to define the reservoir.
10. The cartridge of claim 9, wherein the housing defines a
cartridge inlet that is in fluid communication with air exterior to
the device, and wherein the inner member is movable relative to the
outer member, between a first position wherein at least one of the
cartridge air inlet and the cartridge outlet are open, and a second
position wherein at least one of the cartridge air inlet and the
cartridge outlet are closed.
11. The cartridge of claim 10, wherein movement of the inner member
relative to the outer member actuates the at least one of an air
inlet closing mechanism and an outlet closing mechanism.
12. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge is detachably
connected to the delivery device by a mounting carriage, a press
fit, a magnetic retaining mechanism, a twist mechanism, a snap
mechanism, a screw mechanism, a bayonet mount mechanism, or
combinations thereof.
13. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge reservoir has a
volume capacity of between about ten (10) milligrams to about two
(2) grams of a product.
14. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein, when connected to the
delivery device, the cartridge and delivery device cooperate to
provide a flow rate of between about ten (10) liters per minute and
about sixty (60) liters per minute at a vacuum pressure of about
four kiloPascals.
15. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the reservoir has a variable
volume.
16. The cartridge of claim 1, comprising: a delivery device
connection portion and a base portion assembled with the delivery
device connection portion to define the reservoir within the
cartridge, the delivery device connection portion being movable
relative to the base portion between a first position in which the
reservoir has a first volume, and a second position in which the
reservoir has a second volume, wherein when the cartridge is in the
first position, the cartridge outlet is open so as to permit fluid
communication between the reservoir and the exterior of the
cartridge via the cartridge outlet, and when the cartridge is in
the second position, the cartridge outlet is closed.
17. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge is at least one
of edible or biodegradable.
18. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge is
biodegradable and is formed of at least one of a polyester, a
polyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, a polycaprolactone, a
polydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, a polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylactic
acid, a polypropylene carbonate, a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, a
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), a polyvinyl alcohol,
a starch derivative, a cellulose derivative, a cellulose ester, a
cellophane, an enhanced biodegradable plastic, compositional
variants thereof, or combinations thereof.
19. A cartridge configured to be detachably connected to a delivery
device, the cartridge comprising: a housing defining a reservoir;
an outlet configured to permit fluid communication between the
reservoir and an exterior of the cartridge and a closer disposed on
the housing, the closer movable between a first position in which
the outlet is open such that fluid communication exists between the
reservoir and the exterior of the cartridge, and a second position
in which the outlet is closed, wherein a surface of the housing is
configured to define a bypass port between the housing and a
surface of the delivery device when the cartridge is assembled with
the delivery device.
20. The cartridge of claim 19, wherein the housing includes a first
end configured to be connected to the delivery device, a second end
opposed to the first end, and a sidewall extending between the
first end and the second end, the outlet is defined in the first
end, and the closer comprises a door, the door including a cover
portion that overlies at least a portion of the first end, an
actuating portion that extends from the cover portion and protrudes
outward from the cartridge in a direction normal to the sidewall,
and a spring mechanism disposed between the actuating portion and
the sidewall, the spring mechanism biasing the door toward the
second position.
21. The cartridge of claim 19, wherein the closer comprises an
umbrella valve that overlies the outlet.
22. The cartridge of claim 19, wherein the closer comprises a cover
plate that overlies the outlet, the cover plate including a cover
plate opening, and the cover plate is rotatably connected to the
housing in a manner such that when the cover plate is in the first
position the cover plate opening is aligned with the outlet, and
when the cover plate is in the second position the cover plate
opening is not aligned with the outlet.
23. The cartridge of claim 19, wherein the housing includes a
connection portion that is configured to be detachably connected to
the delivery device, the connection portion including a first end
having the outlet opening, and a first sidewall about the first
end, and a base portion including a second end, and a second
sidewall about the second end, wherein the closer extends from the
second end in parallel with the second sidewall and with at least a
portion of the closer inside the second sidewall, the connection
portion is engaged with the base portion to define the reservoir,
and the connection portion is movable relative to the base portion
between the first position in which the closer is spaced apart from
the outlet, and the second position in which the closer resides
within the outlet.
24. A cartridge for a delivery device, the cartridge comprising: a
connection portion configured to be detachably connected to the
delivery device, the connection portion including a first end
having an outlet, and a first sidewall disposed about the first
end, and a base portion, the base portion including a second end, a
second sidewall disposed about the second end, and a post extending
from the second end in parallel with the second sidewall so that at
least a portion of the post is surrounded by the second sidewall,
wherein the connection portion is engaged with the base portion to
define a reservoir between the first end and the second end, and
the connection portion is movable relative to the base portion
between a first position in which the outlet is open such that
fluid communication exists between the reservoir and the exterior
of the cartridge, and a second position in which the post is
positioned within the outlet so as to close the outlet.
25. The cartridge of claim 24, wherein an outer surface of the
connection portion is configured to define a bypass port between
the connection portion and a surface of the delivery device when
the cartridge is assembled with the delivery device.
26. The cartridge of claim 24, wherein the reservoir has a variable
volume.
27. The cartridge of claim 24, wherein the connection portion is
engaged with the base portion such that when the connection portion
is in the first position, an air inlet is formed between the
connection portion and the base portion.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims benefit from U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/656,507, filed Jun. 6, 2012, U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/733,376, filed Dec. 4, 2012, U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/765,259, filed Feb. 15, 2013, U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/781,786, filed Mar. 14, 2013, the complete
disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The invention relates generally to aerosolized particles and
apparatus for the containment, aerosolization, and/or delivery
thereof.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Previous researchers have demonstrated that aerosolized
particles can be used to deliver substances to various parts of the
body. Certain designs have been proposed for utilizing these
particles for drug delivery, and devices and methods have been
developed for the delivery of aerosolizable products and uses
thereof.
SUMMARY
[0004] Light, consumable particles can be drawn into a user's mouth
for deposition on surfaces of the mouth for consumption through
transdermal surfaces and/or through the digestive tract (e.g.,
ingestion via intake into the stomach and gastrointestinal tract by
means of enteral administration). However, when consuming particles
that are sufficiently light to be drawn into a user's mouth by
inhalation or exhalation, one must address the risk of those
particles reaching the back of the mouth or lungs and causing
coughing or other adverse events, especially when the goal is, for
example, to provide taste, nourishment, dietary supplementation,
and/or medicinal delivery, involving the mouth, tongue, etc.
[0005] Therefore, approaches to deliver materials to the mouth via
the airborne route have largely (if not exclusively) focused on
directed, non-breath-actuated delivery, where the force of the air
current and size of the particles are such that particle
trajectories are primarily limited to within the mouth.
[0006] We have developed an approach by which a casual or forced
breathing maneuver (such as normal inhalation or exhalation) can
lead to the delivery of food, drink, medicinal and/or various other
particles to the mouth, in which the transport of these particles
with the flowing air, to the back of the throat and to the lungs,
is limited. By controlling the inertia and gravity of the particles
(e.g., food particles), and by directing deposition forces, we can
focus delivery of the particles towards surfaces of the mouth, not
reaching the back of the throat and lungs.
[0007] In some aspects, a cartridge configured to be detachably
connected to a delivery device includes a housing defining a
reservoir and a cartridge outlet, and the cartridge outlet is
configured to permit fluid communication between the reservoir and
an exterior of the cartridge. A surface of the housing is
configured to define a bypass port between the housing and a
surface of the delivery device when the cartridge is assembled with
the delivery device.
[0008] The cartridge may include one or more of the following
features: When connected to the delivery device, the cartridge
outlet is configured to be in fluid communication with an inlet of
the delivery device. The housing defines a cartridge inlet that is
in fluid communication with air exterior to the device. The
cartridge inlet is defined by a junction of the cartridge and a
surface of the delivery device. The cartridge inlet is in fluid
communication with an interior space of the delivery device. The
cartridge comprises a closing mechanism operatively connected to at
least one of the cartridge inlet and the cartridge outlet. The
closing mechanism is at least one of a post-in-hole structure, a
spring-actuated door, a slide lever, a living hinge, a flap valve,
a unidirectional valve, or combinations thereof. The cartridge
further an actuator operatively connected to the closing mechanism.
The cartridge comprises an inner member, and an outer member
slidably interconnected to the inner member to define the
reservoir. The housing defines a cartridge inlet that is in fluid
communication with air exterior to the device, and the inner member
is movable relative to the outer member, between a first position
wherein at least one of the cartridge air inlet and the cartridge
outlet are open, and a second position wherein at least one of the
cartridge air inlet and the cartridge outlet are closed. The
movement of the inner member relative to the outer member actuates
the at least one of an air inlet closing mechanism and an outlet
closing mechanism.
[0009] The cartridge may also include one or more of the following
additional features: The cartridge is detachably connected to the
delivery device by a mounting carriage, a press fit, a magnetic
retaining mechanism, a twist mechanism, a snap mechanism, a screw
mechanism, a bayonet mount mechanism, or combinations thereof. The
cartridge reservoir has a volume capacity of between about ten (10)
milligrams to about two (2) grams of a product. When connected to
the delivery device, the cartridge and delivery device cooperate to
permit a flow rate of between about ten (10) liters per minute and
about sixty (60) liters per minute at a vacuum pressure of about
four kiloPascals. The reservoir has a variable volume. The
cartridge further includes a delivery device connection portion and
a base portion assembled with the delivery device connection
portion. The delivery device connection portion and a base portion
defines the reservoir within the cartridge, and the delivery device
connection portion is movable relative to the base portion between
a first position in which the reservoir has a first volume, and a
second position in which the reservoir has a second volume. When
the cartridge is in the first position, the cartridge outlet is
open so as to permit fluid communication between the reservoir and
the exterior of the cartridge via the cartridge outlet, and when
the cartridge is in the second position, the cartridge outlet is
closed. The cartridge is at least one of edible or biodegradable.
The cartridge is edible and is formed of at least one of a starch,
a grain-based food, a vegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairy product,
a sugary food, a nut, a confection, a plant product, processed
edible products thereof, synthetic edible products thereof, or
combinations of edible products thereof. The cartridge is edible
and is formed of at least one of chocolate, bread, fruit, sugar,
meat, pasta, processed forms thereof, or combinations thereof. The
cartridge is biodegradable and is formed of at least one of a
polyester, a polyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, a
polycaprolactone, a polydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, a
polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylactic acid, a polypropylene carbonate,
a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, a
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), a polyvinyl alcohol,
a starch derivative, a cellulose derivative, a cellulose ester, a
cellophane, an enhanced biodegradable plastic, compositional
variants thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0010] In some aspects, a cartridge that is configured to be
detachably connected to a delivery device includes a housing
defining a reservoir, an outlet configured to permit fluid
communication between the reservoir and an exterior of the
cartridge, and a closer disposed on the housing, the closer movable
between a first position in which the outlet is open such that
fluid communication exists between the reservoir and the exterior
of the cartridge, and a second position in which the outlet is
closed, wherein a surface of the housing is configured to define a
bypass port between the housing and a surface of the delivery
device when the cartridge is assembled with the delivery
device.
[0011] The cartridge may include one or more of the following
features: The housing includes a first end configured to be
connected to the delivery device, a second end opposed to the first
end, and a sidewall extending between the first end and the second
end, the outlet is defined in the first end, and the closer
comprises a door. The door includes a cover portion that overlies
at least a portion of the first end, an actuating portion that
extends from the cover portion and protrudes outward from the
cartridge in a direction normal to the sidewall, and a spring
mechanism disposed between the actuating portion and the sidewall,
the spring mechanism biasing the door toward the second position.
The closer comprises an umbrella valve that overlies the outlet.
The closer comprises a cover plate that overlies the outlet, the
cover plate including a cover plate opening, and the cover plate is
rotatably connected to the housing in a manner such that when the
cover plate is in the first position the cover plate opening is
aligned with the outlet, and when the cover plate is in the second
position the cover plate opening is not aligned with the outlet.
The housing includes a connection portion that is configured to be
detachably connected to the delivery device, the connection portion
including a first end having the outlet opening, and a first
sidewall about the first end, and a base portion including a second
end, and a second sidewall about the second end. The closer extends
from the second end in parallel with the second sidewall and with
at least a portion of the closer inside the second sidewall, the
connection portion is engaged with the base portion to define the
reservoir, and the connection portion is movable relative to the
base portion between the first position in which the closer is
spaced apart from the outlet, and the second position in which the
closer resides within the outlet.
[0012] In some aspects, a cartridge for a delivery device includes
a connection portion configured to be detachably connected to the
delivery device. The connection portion includes a first end having
an outlet, and a first sidewall disposed about the first end, and a
base portion, the base portion including a second end, a second
sidewall disposed about the second end, and a post extending from
the second end in parallel with the second sidewall so that at
least a portion of the post is surrounded by the second sidewall.
The connection portion is engaged with the base portion to define a
reservoir between the first end and the second end, and the
connection portion is movable relative to the base portion between
a first position in which the outlet is open such that fluid
communication exists between the reservoir and the exterior of the
cartridge, and a second position in which the post is positioned
within the outlet so as to close the outlet.
[0013] The cartridge may include one or more of the following
features: An outer surface of the connection portion is configured
to define a bypass port between the connection portion and a
surface of the delivery device when the cartridge is assembled with
the delivery device. The reservoir has a variable volume. The
connection portion is engaged with the base portion such that when
the connection portion is in the first position, an air inlet is
formed between the connection portion and the base portion.
[0014] In some embodiments is an aerosolizing delivery apparatus
comprising a first member defining a first interior volume, an
inlet, an outlet, and an aerosol flow passage; a deflection member
configured to be received in the mouth of a user, spaced apart from
a plane that includes the first member outlet, positioned to
redirect aerosol flow exiting the outlet toward one or more sides
of the user's mouth; and a cartridge defining a second interior
volume and detachably connectable to and in fluid communication
with the first member, the cartridge defining at least one
cartridge air inlet and at least one cartridge outlet, wherein the
cartridge air inlet is in fluid communication with the second
interior volume, and the outlet is in fluid communication with the
second interior volume and the first member aerosol flow
passage.
[0015] In some embodiments the first interior volume of the
aerosolizing delivery apparatus defines the aerosol flow
passage.
[0016] In some embodiments the of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the first member inlet is at least one of an air inlet,
a bypass flow inlet, and an aerosol flow passage inlet.
[0017] In some embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus,
the cartridge air inlet is in fluid communication with air exterior
to the device.
[0018] In other embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus,
the cartridge air inlet is defined by a junction of the first
member and the cartridge.
[0019] In other embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus,
the air inlet from first member is in fluid communication with the
air inlet of the cartridge.
[0020] In some embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery apparatus,
the cartridge is detachably connected to the first member by any
one of a mounting carriage, a press fit, a magnetic retaining
mechanism, a twist mechanism, a snap mechanism, screw mechanism,
bayonet mechanism, or combinations thereof.
[0021] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the connection between the cartridge and the first
member is lockable.
[0022] In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
further comprises at least one cartridge bypass port.
[0023] In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
further comprises at least one of a cartridge air inlet closing
mechanism and a cartridge outlet closing mechanism.
[0024] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge air inlet closing mechanism is at least
one of a post-in-hole structure, a spring-actuated door, a slide
lever, a living hinge, a flap valve, a unidirectional valve, or
combinations thereof.
[0025] In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
further comprises an actuating mechanism operable on the cartridge
air inlet closing mechanism.
[0026] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge outlet closing mechanism is at least one
of a post-in-hole structure, a spring-actuated door, a slide lever,
a living hinge, a flap valve, a unidirectional valve, or
combinations thereof.
[0027] In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
further comprises an actuating mechanism operable on the cartridge
outlet closing mechanism.
[0028] In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
further comprises at least one actuating mechanism is operable on
the at least one cartridge air inlet closing mechanism and the
outlet closing mechanism.
[0029] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge comprises an inner member and an outer
member that slidably interconnect to define the second interior
volume.
[0030] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the inner member is movable relative to the outer
member, between a first position wherein at least one of the at
least one of the cartridge air inlet port and the cartridge outlet
port are open, and a second position wherein at least one of the at
least one of the cartridge air inlet port and the cartridge outlet
port are closed.
[0031] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, movement of the inner member relative to the outer
member actuates the at least one of an air inlet closing mechanism
and outlet closing mechanism.
[0032] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge has a volume capacity of about ten (10)
milligrams to about two (2) grams of an aersolizable product.
[0033] In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
is configured to permit a flow rate through the apparatus of
between about five (5) liters per minute and about sixty (60)
liters per minute at a vacuum pressure of about four
kiloPascals.
[0034] In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
is configured for a flow rate through the apparatus of between
about ten (10) liters per minute and about thirty (30) liters per
minute at a vacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals.
[0035] In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus
is configured for a flow rate through the apparatus of between
about fifteen (15) liters per minute and about twenty-five (25)
liters per minute at a vacuum pressure of about four
kiloPascals.
[0036] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge contains an aerosolizable product.
[0037] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge contains at least one of a food product,
an energy supplement, a pharmaceutical compound, an
over-the-counter pharmaceutical compound, a nutraceutical, a
sleep-aid compound, a weight-loss compound, or an oral health
compound.
[0038] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the apparatus is at least one of edible or
biodegradable.
[0039] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, at least one of the first member and the deflection
member is at least one of edible or biodegradable.
[0040] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is at least one of edible or
biodegradable.
[0041] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is edible is formed of at least one of a
starch, a grain-based food, a vegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairy
product, a sugary food, a nut, a confection, a plant product,
processed edible products thereof, synthetic edible products
thereof, or combinations of edible products thereof.
[0042] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is edible and is formed of at least one of
chocolate, bread, fruit, sugar, meat, bread, pasta, processed forms
thereof, or combinations thereof.
[0043] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is biodegradable and is formed of at least
one of a polyester, a polyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, a
polycaprolactone, a polydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, a
polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylactic acid, a polypropylene carbonate,
a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, a
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), a polyvinyl alcohol,
a starch derivative, cellulose esters, a cellophane, an enhanced
biodegradable plastic, compositional variants thereof, or
combinations thereof.
[0044] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, an aerosolizing delivery apparatus configured to be
connected to a cartridge, comprises: a first member defining a
first interior volume, an inlet, an outlet, an aerosol flow
passage, and a portion configured to be connected to the cartridge;
and a deflection member configured to be received in the mouth of a
user, spaced apart from a plane that includes the first member
outlet, positioned to redirect aerosol flow exiting the outlet
toward one or more sides of the user's mouth.
[0045] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge defines a second interior volume and
detachably connectable to and in fluid communication with the first
member, the cartridge defining at least one cartridge air inlet and
at least one cartridge outlet, wherein the cartridge air inlet is
in fluid communication with the second interior volume, and the
outlet is in fluid communication with the second interior volume
and the first member aerosol flow passage.
[0046] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is detachably connected to the first
member by any one of a press fit, a twist mechanism, a snap
mechanism, screw mechanism, bayonet mechanism, or combinations
thereof.
[0047] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge further comprises at least one cartridge
bypass port.
[0048] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge has a volume capacity of about ten (10)
milligrams to about two (2) grams of an aersolizable product.
[0049] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge contains an aerosolizable product.
[0050] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the aerosolizable product is at least one of a food
product, an energy supplement, a pharmaceutical compound, an
over-the-counter pharmaceutical compound, a nutraceutical, a
sleep-aid compound, a weight-loss compound, or an oral health
compound.
[0051] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is edible.
[0052] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is edible is formed of at least one of a
starch, a grain-based food, a vegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairy
product, a sugary food, a nut, a confection, a plant product,
processed edible products thereof, synthetic edible products
thereof, or combinations of edible products thereof.
[0053] In certain embodiments of the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus, the cartridge is edible and is formed of at least one of
chocolate, bread, fruit, sugar, meat, bread, pasta, processed forms
thereof, or combinations thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0054] The advantages of the disclosure described below, as well as
further advantages of the disclosure, can be better understood by
reference to the description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying figures, in which:
[0055] FIGS. 1A-C illustrate a particle delivery device having a
disposable cartridge connected to a mouthpiece.
[0056] FIGS. 2A-C are views (perspective, cross-sectional, and
cross-sectional, respectively) of a disposable cartridge of
particle delivery device.
[0057] FIGS. 3A-D are views (exploded perspective, exploded
cross-sectional, cross-sectional, cross-sectional, respectively) of
a consumable-product-containing disposable cartridge with a
cover.
[0058] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a particle delivery device
including a cartridge connected to a mouthpiece.
[0059] FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the particle
delivery device of FIG. 5.
[0060] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the cartridge of FIG. 5.
[0061] FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the cartridge of FIG. 5
including a housing and a cover.
[0062] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the cover of FIG. 7.
[0063] FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of the particle delivery
device of FIG. 5 with the cartridge in an open configuration.
[0064] FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of the particle delivery
device of FIG. 5 with the cartridge in a closed configuration.
[0065] FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of an alternative
embodiment cartridge, including a housing, a cover, and an umbrella
valve.
[0066] FIG. 12 is a perspective cross sectional view of the
cartridge of FIG. 11 illustrating the umbrella valve in an open
position.
[0067] FIG. 13 is a perspective cross sectional view of the
cartridge of FIG. 11 illustrating the umbrella valve in a closed
position.
[0068] FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective bottom-end view of
another alternative embodiment cartridge, including a housing, a
cover, and a plate valve.
[0069] FIG. 15 an exploded perspective top-end view of the
cartridge of FIG. 14.
[0070] FIG. 16 is a perspective cross sectional view of the
cartridge of FIG. 14 illustrating the plate valve in an open
position.
[0071] FIG. 17 is a perspective cross sectional view of the
cartridge of FIG. 14 illustrating the plate valve in a closed
position.
[0072] FIG. 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of
the cartridge of FIG. 14 when connected to a mouthpiece.
[0073] FIG. 19 is a side view of a particle delivery device
including another alternative embodiment cartridge connected to a
mouthpiece with the cartridge illustrated in an open
configuration.
[0074] FIG. 20 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the
cartridge of FIG. 19 in an open configuration.
[0075] FIG. 21 is a side view of the particle delivery device of
FIG. 19 with the cartridge illustrated in a closed position.
[0076] FIG. 22 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the
cartridge of FIG. 19 in a closed configuration.
[0077] FIG. 23 is an exploded perspective view of the cartridge of
FIG. 19.
[0078] FIG. 24 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of
the particle delivery device of FIG. 19.
[0079] FIGS. 25A-C are schematics of a particle delivery apparatus
with multiple capsules or cartridges and a reusable mouthpiece.
[0080] FIGS. 26A-C are views of a case for carrying a mouthpiece
and associated capsules.
[0081] FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a carrying case
embodiment.
[0082] FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a carrying case
embodiment.
[0083] FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a carrying case
embodiment.
[0084] FIG. 30 illustrates a sprung door used to close air inlet
ports and aerosol flow outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge for
an aerosolizing delivery apparatus.
[0085] FIGS. 31A and 31B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery
apparatus that includes a user-actuated slide lever used to close
outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.
[0086] FIGS. 32A-32D illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus
that includes a user-actuated push button for actuating a flexible
door to close outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.
[0087] FIGS. 33A and 33B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery
apparatus that includes a twist- or compression-actuated flexible
door used to close outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.
[0088] FIGS. 34A and 34B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery
apparatus that includes a user-actuated flexible door employing a
living hinge and used to close inlet and outlet ports on a
replaceable cartridge.
[0089] FIGS. 35A and 35B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery
apparatus that includes a unidirectional duck bill valve used to
close outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge.
[0090] FIGS. 36A and 36B illustrate an aerosolizing delivery
apparatus that includes a unidirectional dual flapper valve used to
close inlet and outlet ports on a replaceable cartridge for an
aerosolizing delivery apparatus.
[0091] FIGS. 37A-37D illustrate an aerosolizing delivery apparatus
that includes a twist- or compression-actuated post-in-hole
structure used to close inlet and outlet ports on a replaceable
cartridge.
[0092] FIG. 38 illustrates an aerosolizing delivery apparatus that
includes a mounting carriage used for supporting an edible
cartridge relative to a mouthpiece.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0093] Aerosolized particles small enough to become airborne but
too large to be inhaled into the bronchial pathways and lungs
retain a sufficient surface area to volume ratio to be solubilized
effectively in the mouth. Therefore, a natural breathing process to
aerosolize particles can be a particularly effective way to enhance
mouth absorption of certain active ingredients. Described herein
are various embodiments of an aerosol delivery apparatus designed
to use a natural breathing process to aerosolize a consumable
product and deliver to the mouth for oral absorption and/or
digestive solubilization. Such devices are designed to limit
product delivery to the user's throat or lungs, allow for multiple
use applications with the same oral delivery device, and provide
for enhanced user experience (choice of consumable product to be
used with a single device and environmentally low-impact and/or
edible devices).
[0094] A variety of forces can be used to generate an aerosol from
a fluid or dry powder to cause it to move through an aerosol
delivery apparatus. These include a user's inhalation/exhalation,
aspiration/expiration, shaking or vibration forces, and/or external
power sources (e.g., compressed air, electric fans, motors, etc.).
Particle size is important to the delivery system. Particles should
be small enough to remain airborne during casual breathing, but
large enough to be directed and deposited primarily in the mouth
while limiting coughing, throat and lung deposition, or other
adverse situations. Additionally, it is beneficial that pathways of
aerosol particles through the device and out of the mouthpiece are
directed away from the back of the throat.
[0095] Molecules of consumable, aerosolized products generally
absorb in the mouth and the digestive tract via a three-step
process. The first step is dissolution or release from a dosage
form, the second is diffusion or convection from the site of
dissolution to the absorptive mucosa, and the third is active or
passive transport across the mucosa into the bloodstream. As used
herein, mucosa (or mucosae in plural form) includes mucous
membranes that are linings of mostly endodermal origin, covered in
epithelium, which are involved in absorption and secretion. Mucosae
border cavities, openings and lumen that are exposed to the
external environment and internal organs, and can be contiguous
with skin in a person's mouth. For those molecules that may absorb
across a mucosal barrier at a kinetically effective rate (as
determined by hydrophobicity, charge, and molecular size--the more
hydrophobic, neutral, and small, the better), the actual rate at
the anatomical site of absorption into the bloodstream, once the
dosage form is placed in the mouth, is controlled to some degree by
the first two steps in the above process, and to some degree by the
speed of the digestive process itself
[0096] Consumables (e.g., foods, supplements, or drugs) can be
deliverable as chewable solids, liquids, pill, gum, soluble media
(e.g., strips) and as a fine powder form that gets distributed on
the surfaces of the mouth. Common delivered dosage forms begin to
dissolve in the mouth and are swallowed. The active ingredient then
diffuses through the mucosa. Depending on the amount of molecule
contact with the mucosa, this diffusion may take a significant
amount of time in which a user may swallow significant dosage
portions of an active ingredient before it has the chance to absorb
through the mouth. In cases where the diffusion distance to the
tongue is small, and the likelihood of swallowing is small (e.g.,
with dissolvable strips), mouth-versus-gut absorption is still
influenced by the time of dissolution. Increased times for
dissolution in your mouth can correlate with more occasions to
swallow during the dissolution, and the increased likelihood that
dissolved ingredients are swept into the gut and subjected to
digestive processes.
[0097] Our approach is based, at least in part, on the realization
of a new form of aerosolizable product, apparatus for the delivery
of aerosolizable products, and methods and uses thereof. More
specifically, the delivery technology and approach is directed to
aerosolized particles (i.e., food products) and a particle delivery
method and apparatus designed to generate and deliver such products
to a subject. Such devices can deliver food substances or other
particles into the mouth by aerosol wherein the aerosol cloud is
generated through a natural inspiration or expiration maneuver and
wherein the design of the mouthpiece of the device is such that the
airborne particles (e.g., food particles) are diverted away from
the back of the throat to limit entry into the respiratory system.
Although described with respect to delivery of food products, the
devices and methods discussed herein can be used for generation and
delivery of other products (e.g., medicinal products, flavorings,
nutritional supplements, etc.).
[0098] In some embodiments, the combination of appropriate particle
size and device-directed aerosol flow path allows for consumable
particles (e.g., food particles) being deposited primarily in the
mouth (and onto the tongue, palate, etc.) rather than at the back
of the throat or into the respiratory tract. In some embodiments,
aerosol flow paths are directed to the sides of a user's mouth and
not into the lungs, substantially eliminating deposition in regions
of the respiratory tract on or near the throat and bronchial
airways.
[0099] Various embodiments are contemplated and consider certain
parameters for effective device function. Physical design
differences of the device affect fluid flow properties, such as
typical fluid resistances or pressure drops across sections of the
apparatus (e.g., a pressure drop over the consumable product, which
gives rise to its aerosolization). For particulate or liquid
consumables, rates of acceleration, particle velocities, or time of
flight durations in sections of the apparatus or upon emission,
(e.g., the time for an aerosol to displace from an inlet to an
outlet or the velocity it has upon emission) are considered. Also
contemplated are aerosol properties, including size, shape,
orientation, particle concentration, particle-size distribution,
homogeneity, individual particle velocities, and overall (e.g.,
center-of-mass) aerosol velocities (e.g., the number of
consumable-aerosol particles of a given size range, per unit volume
of air, upon emission of the aerosol toward a consumer), and/or
typical aerosol emission parameters, including the overall flow
speed(s) and direction(s) of emitted aerosol and the locations and
rates of deposition, relative to the apparatus or consumer (e.g.,
specific mouth surfaces toward which the aerosol is emitted, on
which the aerosol particles are most likely to deposit first).
[0100] For any generalized aerosol generation/delivery apparatus,
various design parameters and fluid flow properties determine the
proportions of the consumable, aerosolizable product emitted from
the apparatus. For example, aerosol flow paths that are longer
(e.g., between an inlet and an outlet), thinner (e.g., have a
smaller cross-sectional area), more tortuous (e.g., have a more
sinuous path); and/or more encumbered (e.g., more/larger elements
like internal partitions, in closer proximity to the flow path)
generally increase the time it takes for an aerosolizable product
to reach a user, and generally increase the likelihood that
particles (or a proportion of particles) settle before being
emitted from the apparatus. This may reduce the proportion of
initial product that is ultimately delivered in aerosol form with
the desired properties (or decreases the probability that the
initial product is ultimately delivered in aerosol form with the
desired properties).
[0101] A particle delivery apparatus is described that includes
features, devices, or elements for containing or receiving
aerosolizable particles, and a fluid flow passage extending between
an inlet and an outlet. In some embodiments, the apparatus is
intended to deliver a consumable aerosolizable product to surfaces
within a consumer's mouth. The design of the apparatus, including
the shapes, sizes, and orientations of its various components, may
have significant impact on a usable consumable product, including
the degree of aerosolization, product flow through sections of the
apparatus, and emission characterization from the apparatus. In
different embodiments, fluid flow passages of the apparatus can be
designed with different physical parameters, for example, different
air paths, aerosol flow paths, and flow path lengths, different
tortuosities (e.g., flow path complexities), different geometries
(e.g., inlet or outlet cross-sectional areas and lengths), air flow
bypass ports to optimize performance and flow characteristics of
the device, and/or different orientations and positions of aerosol
flow, bypass port and air inlets and outlets relative to each other
and/or the user. The apparatus design parameters thus determine, at
least in part, the effectiveness of the system overall in
delivering a desired substance to a consumer.
[0102] The design of the apparatus can be limited by the rate of
aersolization upon actuation and time to transfer to the user's
mouth. If, for example, the apparatus design requires an
aerosolization time and/or aerosol transfer time outside of a
predetermined threshold adequate for the device, the qualities of
the aerosolized product may be suboptimal. As particle size and
quality are relatively limited by natural physical characteristics
of aerosolizable powders and liquids generally, design constraints
are more likely to be imposed on the parameters of the apparatus.
Nevertheless, for certain relationships among the design parameters
and the associated impact on apparatus function, changes may be
made to other design parameters to improve function. In general,
embodiments described herein appropriately balance the design
constraints in such a way as to allow for practical emission of an
aerosol product for consumption.
[0103] An aerosol delivery apparatus can include a "reusable"
mouthpiece and "disposable" cartridges. FIG. 1A illustrates an
aerosol delivery apparatus 700 comprising a mouthpiece 112 that can
be releasably coupled to a cartridge 712.
[0104] The mouthpiece 112 is a rigid, hollow, cylindrical member
(FIGS. 1A, 1B, 4 and 5). The mouthpiece 112 defines a fluid flow
passage 116 extending from an inlet 124 to the outlet 122 of the
mouthpiece 112. In some embodiments, the mouthpiece 112 can have a
non-circular cross-section. For example, some mouthpieces have, for
example, square, rectangular, or oval cross-sections.
[0105] An airflow directing or deflection member 118 is supported
at an end of the mouthpiece 112 (e.g., an outlet end of the
mouthpiece 112) using bridges 120. The bridges 120 position the
airflow directing member 118 in a location spaced apart from a
plane of an outlet 122 of the mouthpiece 112.
[0106] In some embodiments, the airflow directing member 118 is a
deflection member that may take any of a variety of forms (not
necessarily that of a disc), in order to divert the airflow exiting
the mouthpiece 112 and entering the mouth, away from a straight
trajectory toward the throat and lungs. For example, there may be
one or more openings near the top of a mouthpiece 112, which may be
offset relative to each other, at different heights, of different
sizes, of different areas, etc., which maintain the general
blockage of the direct linear path toward the back of the mouth,
and generally divert the airflow and aerosol such that it goes in
more lateral directions.
[0107] In some embodiments, airflow directing member 118 is a thin
disc with a flat surface that is generally perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis 125 of the mouthpiece 112 and in opposition to
the general airflow direction (e.g., along the longitudinal axis
125) in the mouthpiece 112. In some implementations, the airflow
directing member 118 changes the airflow direction of air exiting
the mouthpiece 112 to a direction that is angled relative to the
longitudinal axis 125. For example, in some implementations, the
airflow directing member 118 redirects air exiting the mouthpiece
to a direction that is substantially transverse to the longitudinal
axis 125 (e.g., directing the flow toward the sides of the mouth).
In some cases, the disc may be mounted to the mouthpiece via one or
more "bridges" 120, which may, for example, hold the disc slightly
above, below, or at the same level as the edge of the mouthpiece,
allowing air, and the aerosolized product to pass around the disc.
In various embodiments, the disc may have a diameter smaller, equal
to, or larger than the opening of the mouthpiece. Additionally, the
disc may be of any desired shape, for example, an elliptical shape
or round shape. The airflow directing member 118 redirects the
aerosol to the sides of the mouth (e.g. top, bottom, left, and
right surfaces within the mouth), thereby limiting flow of the
aerosol toward the throat where it might elicit a coughing reflex.
Instead, the aerosolized product deposits on the tongue or other
parts of the mouth where it can be sensed and appreciated rather
than carried deeper into the respiratory tract. In some
embodiments, airflow directing member 118 is of a different shape,
size, and/or design but similarly serves to redirect the
aerosolized product so as to limit the coughing reflex and/or to
enhance the taste experience. Testing of a variety of disc sizes
and positions has shown that these two parameters can impact
likelihood of coughing. For example, it was found in preliminary
tests that a disc whose diameter is roughly equal to that of the
external diameter of the mouthpiece, and that is placed close to
the mouthpiece, is generally more effective in redirecting the
aerosol and limiting coughing, than one whose diameter is roughly
equal to that of the internal diameter of the mouthpiece (thus
smaller) and that is placed at a greater distance from the
mouthpiece (leaving a larger space for the aerosol to pass
through).
[0108] In this embodiment, the mouthpiece 112 is made of a durable
material, such as stainless steel, and is intended for multiple
deliveries of consumable product (e.g., about 50 or more). The
mouthpiece 112, in this example, is also intended to be cleaned by
hand or by dishwasher, to facilitate longer-term use with minimal
hygienic risk.
[0109] The cartridge 712 receives and stores a consumable,
aerosolizable product. When connected to the mouthpiece 112, the
cartridge 712 supports the aerosolizable product in a desired
position relative to the mouthpiece 112. The cartridge 712 cannot
be readily opened to access the consumable product inside. This is
advantageous for instances in which it is preferable that the user
have limited direct access to the consumable product (i.e., access
other than by delivery via the mouthpiece as intended). This may be
the case when the consumable product is a controlled substance, a
sensitive substance, or a substance that requires a very precise
dose. This may also reduce the risk of a user inserting other
materials into the device.
[0110] In this embodiment, cartridge 712 includes upper element 714
and lower element 716. While a consumer is not able to readily
separate elements 714 and 716, the two elements were initially
separate so as to permit filling of cartridge 712 during the
manufacture of the overall product. In this embodiment, element 716
is filled with the consumable product during the manufacture of the
overall product, and shortly thereafter, element 714 is affixed to
element 716, for example by a snap fit. The snap fit can be
designed to resist being taken apart once the two elements are
affixed. In some embodiments, other methods of attachment such as,
for example, press fits and ultrasonic welding can be used to
attach element 714 is affixed to element 716.
[0111] The overall product can be used by coupling a mouthpiece 112
to cartridge 712. Multiple deliveries of consumable product are
possible in this configuration. When a user draws in air via the
mouthpiece outlet 122, air is forced into the cartridge via air
inlets 718. Flowing air aerosolizes the consumable product in
cartridge 712 and delivers the aerosolized product toward the user
via mouthpiece 112.
[0112] Mouthpiece 112 can then be detached from cartridge 712, and
a new cartridge 712 may be attached to the same mouthpiece 112. In
certain embodiments an air bypass port is formed at a junction or
interface between cartridge 712 and mouthpiece 112.
[0113] FIGS. 2A-2C show an embodiment of a cartridge 712' with
upper element 714' and lower element 716'. In this example,
features on upper element 714' allow for releasable coupling to a
mouthpiece, as well as for airflow to enter the cartridge during
use of the apparatus. For example, when the mouthpiece and
cartridge are coupled, these features of upper element 714' "latch
onto" the mouthpiece 112, holding it securely to the cartridge
712', while small spacers maintain a distance between the bottom
edge of the mouthpiece and the cartridge, preserving airflow
passages into the cartridge. In some embodiments, upper elements
714'' are configured to engage a cover 720 as shown in FIGS. 3A-3D.
The cover 720 can include a central protrusion sized to close the
outlet of the upper element 714'' and side surfaces configured to
cover the air inlets defined between upper element 714'' and lower
element 716''.
[0114] Referring to FIGS. 4-10, an example particle delivery device
100 includes the mouthpiece 112 and a detachable cartridge 114 that
receives and stores aerosolizable particles. The particle delivery
device 100 is sized such that a user can easily hold the device in
one hand while using the device 100 to generate and deliver an
aerosolized product.
[0115] The cartridge 114 is detachably connected to an opposed end
(e.g., an inlet end) of the mouthpiece 112 relative to the airflow
directing member 118. The cartridge 114 can be detached from the
mouthpiece and reattached, or replaced with a different
cartridge.
[0116] The cartridge 114 includes a hollow, cylindrical housing 130
that defines an internal reservoir 132 that receives and stores the
aerosolizable product. The housing 130 includes an annular sidewall
138 having a closed first end 140 and open second end 142 opposed
to the first end 140. The housing 130 also includes a cover 144
disposed on the open second end 142. The cover 144 includes a
central opening (e.g., cartridge outlet) 134 and at least one
peripheral opening (e.g., cartridge inlet) 136 that is disposed
between the cartridge outlet 134 and a peripheral edge of the cover
144 and is configured to permit fluid communication between the
reservoir 132 and an exterior of the cartridge 114. In the
illustrated embodiment, the cover includes two cartridge inlets 136
that are spaced apart from each other.
[0117] In addition, the cover 144 includes features that permit
selective opening and closing of the cartridge outlet 134. In
particular, the cover 144 is provided with a tab 146 that is
slidably connected to the cover 144 so as to be movable (e.g.,
slidable along an axis transverse to a longitudinal axis of the
device 100) between a first position in which an opening 148 of the
tab 146 is aligned with the cartridge outlet 134 (FIG. 9), and a
second position in which a portion of the tab 146 overlies and
substantially completely obstructs the cartridge outlet 134 (FIG.
10). When the cartridge 114 is assembled with the mouthpiece 112,
and the tab 146 is in the first (e.g., open) position, fluid
communication is permitted between the reservoir 132 and the
mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge outlet 134.
When the cartridge 114 is assembled with the mouthpiece 112, and
the tab 146 is in the second (e.g., closed) position, fluid
communication is substantially prevented between the reservoir 132
and the mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge outlet
134. The tab 146 extends outward from the housing 130, and includes
a flange (e.g., an actuator) 150 that can be manipulated by a user
to control the tab position. A spring 152 protrudes from tab 146 so
as to reside between the flange 150 and the housing sidewall 138.
The spring 152 serves to bias the tab 146 to the second (e.g.,
closed) position.
[0118] The cover 144 includes a pair of rails 162 are formed on a
first side 160 of the cover 144. An inner edge 166 of the rails 162
support the tab 146 as it slides between the first position and the
second position. The outer peripheral edges 164 of the rails 162
are curved, and are sized to engage (e.g. form a press fit
connection with) an inner diameter of the housing sidewall 138,
whereby the cover 144 is connected to the housing 130.
[0119] In addition, the cover 144 includes a connection portion 170
that protrudes outward from a second side 168 of the cover 144. The
connecting portion 170 is dimensioned to be received within an
inner diameter of the mouthpiece 112, and includes arms 172 that
are configured to form a snap fit engagement with corresponding
grooves 128 formed in an inner surface of the mouthpiece 112. In
addition, the connection portion 170 includes partitions 174 that
form a generally semi-circular wall that partially surround each
cartridge inlet 136. As seen in FIG. 6, the partitions 174 are
arranged so that the cartridge inlets 136 are located on an outer
side of the connection portion 170. In particular, when the
mouthpiece 112 is assembled with the cartridge 114, each partition
174 cooperates with an inner surface 126 of the mouthpiece 112 to
form an air bypass port 176 that permits air flow into the
mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116.
[0120] When the cartridge 114 is connected to inlet end of the
mouthpiece 112, and the tab 146 is in the first (e.g., open)
position, the mouthpiece 112 and the cartridge 114 together define
a flow path through the device 100. Thus, when a user places the
outlet 122 of the mouthpiece 112 in his or her mouth and inhales,
air flows into the reservoir 132 through cartridge inlets 136. Air
then flows from the reservoir 132 through the cartridge outlet 136
and into the inlet 124 of the mouthpiece 112. Air is drawn into the
mouthpiece 112 through both the mouthpiece inlet 124, and also
through the air bypass port 176. The air flows along the fluid flow
passage 116, and exits the mouthpiece 112 via the mouthpiece outlet
122. Contact with the airflow directing member 118 deflects the air
flowing out of the mouthpiece 112. In the illustrated embodiment,
the airflow directing member 118 deflects the air flowing out of
the mouthpiece 112 to a direction substantially perpendicular to a
longitudinal axis 125 of the mouthpiece 112.
[0121] A user operates a particle delivery device 100 by loading
the device 100 (e.g., placing areosolizable particles in the
reservoir 132 and/or connecting the cartridge 114 to the mouthpiece
112), bringing the device 100 to the user's mouth, and inhaling
through the mouthpiece 112 thereby causing air to enter the
cartridge 114 and mouthpiece 112 through the air passageways. The
air aerosolizes the powder present in the reservoir 132, and the
aerosol subsequently enters the user's mouth via the mouthpiece
112.
[0122] In some embodiments, a user places his/her tongue near an
outlet (or inhaler orifice), for example outlet 122, in order to
alter the speed and/or direction of the aerosol emitted from the
apparatus. In some cases, the user may position the outlet such
that the aerosol is emitted toward the sublingual area. In some
cases, the user may position the outlet such that the aerosol is
emitted toward to lower side of the tongue, with the tongue in an
elevated position (i.e. with the tip of the tongue generally closer
to the top of the mouth than a region of the tongue closer to the
throat). In some cases, an inspiratory or sipping maneuver under
such conditions will cause aerosol particles to enter the mouth and
divert to a desired surface or material within the mouth (e.g., the
sides of the mouth, the top of the tongue, saliva, taste buds). In
some cases, such conditions will limit undesirable side effects,
such as coughing.
[0123] In some embodiments, a user places his/her teeth near an
outlet (or inhaler orifice), for example outlet 122, in order to
alter the speed and/or direction of the aerosol emitted from the
apparatus. In some cases, under such conditions, aerosol particles
with hygienic, "freshening", or other qualities are thus diverted
toward surfaces where these particles can be most beneficial (e.g.,
gum surfaces).
[0124] In some embodiments, other physiological members are used to
favorably alter the speed and/or direction of the aerosol emitted
from the apparatus.
[0125] In some embodiments, an aerosol is generated by an
expiratory breathing maneuver, in which air emitted by a user
either directly or indirectly causes a consumable product to
aerosolize.
[0126] In some embodiments, the aerosol is generated at a
particular point in time or over a small interval of time
corresponding to a specific activation step, and/or the aerosol is
generated by a user-dependent step. For example, in some cases
aerosol generation is associated with one or more inhalation
maneuvers by the user. In many of these embodiments, the product is
in a solid state, and may be a substantially dry powder.
[0127] Referring to FIGS. 11-13, another embodiment cartridge 214
can be used with the mouthpiece 112 and includes a sealing or
closing device operable on the cartridge to permit selective
opening and closing of the cartridge inlets and outlets. In this
embodiment, the cartridge 214 is configured such that inspiration
or expiration by the user activates the device 100 for open airflow
and payload aerosolization without the need for manual or digital
actuation of the sealing or closing mechanism.
[0128] The cartridge 214 includes a hollow, cylindrical housing 230
that defines an internal reservoir 232 that receives and stores the
aerosolizable product. The housing 230 includes an annular sidewall
238 having a closed first end 240 and open second end 242 opposed
to the first end 240. The housing 230 also includes a cover 244
disposed on the open second end 242. The cover 244 includes a
central opening 235 that is sized to receive and support a stem 250
of an umbrella valve 246, as discussed further below. The cover
includes a pair of openings (e.g., cartridge outlets) 234 that are
disposed between the central opening 235 and a peripheral edge 266
of the cover 244. The cartridge outlets 234 are elongated and
extend around the central opening 235 in a bean-shaped
configuration that maximizes outlet size. In addition, the cover
244 includes at least one peripheral opening (e.g., cartridge
inlet) 236 that is disposed between the cartridge outlets 234 and
the cover peripheral edge 266 and configured to permit fluid
communication between the reservoir 232 and an exterior of the
cartridge 114. In the illustrated embodiment, the cover 244
includes two cartridge inlets 236 (only one is shown, in FIG. 11)
that are spaced apart from each other.
[0129] In addition, the cover 244 includes features that permit
selective opening and closing of the cartridge outlets 234. In
particular, the cover 244 is provided with an umbrella valve 246.
The umbrella valve 246 includes a flexible, hollow, conical valve
body 248 and a stem 250 that protrudes from an inside apex of the
valve body 248. The stem 250 is fixed within in the cover central
opening 235, and supports the valve body 248 in a position that
overlies a second side 268 of the cover 244. The valve body 248 is
dimensioned so that the valve body 248 overlies the cartridge
outlets 234. When the valve 246 is in a closed position (FIG. 13),
the peripheral edge 252 of the valve body 248 contacts the second
side 268 of the cover 244 in the region between the cartridge
outlets 234 and the cartridge inlets 236. As a result, the valve
body 248 substantially completely obstructs the cartridge outlet
234 when in a closed position. When the valve is in an open
position (FIG. 12), the valve body 248 is inverted relative to the
stem 250 so that the peripheral edge 252 of the valve body 248
resides above (e.g., spaced apart from) the cover second side 268,
and air can flow through the cartridge outlet 236. The valve 246 is
movable between the first (e.g., open) position and the second
(e.g., closed) position by forming a differential pressure on one
side of the valve. In this embodiment, when the cartridge 214 is
connected to the mouthpiece 112 and a user inhales with the
mouthpiece outlet 122 in the user's mouth, a region of low pressure
is formed in the mouthpiece 112 that causes the valve body to
invert as shown in FIG. 12. Upon release of the low pressure (e.g.,
when the user stops inhaling), the valve body 248 resiliently
returns to its original, non-inverted configuration as shown in
FIG. 13.
[0130] When the cartridge 214 is assembled with the mouthpiece 112,
and the valve 246 is in the first (e.g., open) position, fluid
communication is permitted between the reservoir 232 and the
mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge outlet 234.
When the cartridge 214 is assembled with the mouthpiece 112, and
the valve 246 is in the second (e.g., closed) position, fluid
communication is limited (e.g., substantially or entirely
prevented) between the reservoir 232 and the mouthpiece fluid flow
passage 116 via the cartridge outlet 234.
[0131] The cover 244 includes an annular protrusion 262 that is
formed on a first side 260 of the cover 244. An outer peripheral
edge 264 of the annular protrusion 262 is sized to engage (e.g.
form a press fit connection with) an inner diameter of the housing
sidewall 138, whereby the cover 244 is connected to the housing
230.
[0132] In addition, the cover 244 includes a connection portion 270
that protrudes outward from the second side 268 of the cover 244.
The connecting portion 270 is dimensioned to be received within an
inner diameter of the mouthpiece 112 and to engage (e.g. form a
press fit connection with) the inner surface of the mouthpiece 112.
In addition, the connection portion 270 includes partitions 274
that form a generally circular wall that surrounds each cartridge
inlet 236. Each partition 274 has an open upper end and thus forms
an air bypass port 276 that permits air flow into the mouthpiece
fluid flow passage 116. Alternatively, an air bypass port can be
developed at the junction formed between an outer diameter surface
feature of the connection portion 270 and an inner diameter surface
of the mouthpiece 112 when assembled, with or without air bypass
port 276.
[0133] When the cartridge 214 is connected to inlet end of the
mouthpiece 112, and the valve 246 is in the first (e.g., open)
position, the mouthpiece 112 and the cartridge 214 together define
a flow path through the device 100. Thus, when a user places the
outlet 122 of the mouthpiece 112 in his or her mouth and inhales,
air flows into the reservoir 232 through cartridge inlets 236. Air
then flows from the reservoir 232 through the cartridge outlet 236
and into the inlet 124 of the mouthpiece 112. Air is drawn into the
mouthpiece 112 through both the mouthpiece inlet 124 and the air
bypass port 276. The air flows along the fluid flow passage 116,
and exits the mouthpiece 112 via the mouthpiece outlet 122. Contact
with the airflow directing member 118 deflects the air flowing out
of the mouthpiece 112. In the illustrated embodiment, the airflow
directing member 118 deflects the air flowing out of the mouthpiece
112 to a direction substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal
axis 125 of the mouthpiece 112.
[0134] In some embodiments, the umbrella valve 246 may be replaced
with a different type of valve. For example, in some embodiments,
the cartridge 214 includes a one-way (clack, check, non-return,
etc.) valve including, but not limited to, a duckbill valve, a
ball-check valve, a diaphragm check valve, a swing check valve, a
stop-check valve, lift-check valve, an in-line check valve,
etc.
[0135] Referring to FIGS. 14-18, another cartridge 314 can be used
with the mouthpiece 112 and includes a sealing or closing device
operable on the cartridge to permit selective opening and closing
of the cartridge inlets and outlets. In this embodiment, the
cartridge 314 includes a manually actuated "twist-to-open" port
covering mechanism.
[0136] The cartridge 314 includes a hollow, cylindrical housing 330
that defines an internal reservoir 332 that receives and stores the
aerosolizable product. The housing 330 includes an annular sidewall
338 having a closed first end 340 and open second end 342 opposed
to the first end 340. The housing 330 also includes a cover
assembly 344 disposed on the open second end 342. The cover
assembly 344 includes a cover plate 345 having a central opening
335 that is sized to receive and support resilient legs 350 of a
valve plate 346, as discussed further below. The cover plate 345
includes a pair of openings (e.g., cartridge outlets) 334 that are
disposed between the central opening 335 and a peripheral edge 366
of the cover plate 345. The cartridge outlets 334 are elongated and
extend around the central opening 335 in a bean-shaped
configuration that maximizes outlet size. In addition, the cover
plate 345 includes two peripheral openings (e.g., cartridge inlets)
336 disposed between the central opening 335 and a peripheral edge
366 of the cover plate 345, and configured to permit fluid
communication between the reservoir 332 and an exterior of the
cartridge 314.
[0137] In addition, the cover assembly 344 includes features that
permit selective opening and closing of the cartridge outlets 334.
In particular, the cover assembly 344 is provided with a plate
valve 346. The plate valve 346 has a pair of elongated openings 348
that are shaped, dimensioned and positioned to match the cartridge
outlets 334. In addition, a peripheral edge of the plate valve 346
is formed having cut outs 358 arranged to overlie the cartridge
inlets 336 when the openings 348 are aligned with the cartridge
outlets 334. A pair of resilient legs 350 protrude outward from a
first side (e.g., cover-facing side) 354 of the valve plate 346.
The legs 350 are arranged side-by-side and have a length sufficient
to protrude through the central opening 335 of the cover plate 345.
The legs 350 include a hooked tip 352 that prevents axial
separation of the valve plate 346 from the cover plate 345 once
assembled. The legs 350 are flexible and resilient, whereby the
plate valve 346 is permitted to rotate relative the cover plate 345
about a longitudinal axis of the device 100.
[0138] The plate valve 346 is rotatably connected to the cover
plate 345 so as to be movable (e.g. rotatable about a longitudinal
axis of the device 100) between a first position in which the plate
valve openings 348 are aligned with corresponding cartridge outlets
334 and the plate valve cut outs 358 are aligned with the cartridge
inlets 336 (FIG. 16), and a second position in which a first
portion of the plate valve 346 overlies and substantially
completely obstructs the cartridge outlets 334 and a second portion
of the plate valve 346 overlies and substantially completely
obstructs the cartridge inlets 336 (FIG. 17). When the cover
assembly 344 is connected to the mouthpiece 112, and the plate
valve 346 is in the first (e.g., open) position, fluid
communication is permitted between the reservoir 332 and the
mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge outlet 334. In
the first position, due to the rotation of the valve plate 346
relative to the cover 344, the legs 350 of the plate valve are
slightly stretched and twisted about each other. Due to their
resiliency, the legs 350 apply a biasing force that urges the plate
valve 346 toward the second position. When the cartridge 114 is
assembled with the mouthpiece 112, and the plate valve 346 is in
the second (e.g., closed) position, fluid communication is limited
(e.g., substantially or entirely prevented) between the reservoir
332 and the mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116 via the cartridge
outlet 334.
[0139] The cover plate 345 includes an annular protrusion 362 that
is formed on a first side 360 of the cover 344. An outer peripheral
edge 364 of the annular protrusion 362 is sized to engage (e.g.
form a press fit connection with) an inner diameter of the housing
sidewall 338, whereby the cover 344 is connected to the housing
330.
[0140] Referring to FIG. 18, the plate valve 346 includes a
connection portion 370 that protrudes outward from the valve plate
second side 358. The connecting portion 370 is dimensioned to be
received within an inner diameter of the mouthpiece 112, and
includes first portions 378 that are sized and shaped to engage
(e.g. form a press fit connection with) the inner surface of the
mouthpiece 112. The connecting portion also includes second
portions 380 that are sized and shaped to be spaced apart from the
inner surface 126 of the mouthpiece 112 when assembled therewith.
The space between the outer surfaces of the second portions 380 of
the connection portion 370 and the mouthpiece inner surface 126
provide an air bypass port 376, permitting air flow into the
mouthpiece fluid flow passage 116. In addition, the connection
portion 370 includes arms 372 that are configured to form a snap
fit engagement with corresponding grooves 128 formed in an inner
surface of the mouthpiece 112, and partitions 374 that form a
generally semi-circular wall. When the plate valve 346 is in the
first position, a partition 374 partially surrounds each cartridge
inlet 336, directing air flow into the reservoir 332 of the housing
330. As in the previous embodiment, the partitions 374 are arranged
so that the cartridge inlets 336 are located on an outer side of
the connection portion 370.
[0141] When the cartridge 314 is connected to inlet end of the
mouthpiece 112, and the plate valve 346 is in the first (e.g.,
open) position, the mouthpiece 112 and the cartridge 314 together
define a flow path through the device 100. Thus, when a user places
the outlet 122 of the mouthpiece 112 in his or her mouth and
inhales, air flows into the reservoir 332 through cartridge inlets
336. Air then flows from the reservoir 332 through the cartridge
outlet 336 and into the inlet 124 of the mouthpiece 112. Air is
drawn into the mouthpiece 112 through both the mouthpiece inlet 124
and the air bypass port 376. The air flows along the fluid flow
passage 116, and exits the mouthpiece 112 via the mouthpiece outlet
122. Contact with the airflow directing member 118 deflects the air
flowing out of the mouthpiece 112. In the illustrated embodiment,
the airflow directing member deflects the air flowing out of the
mouthpiece 112 to a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis
125 of the mouthpiece 112.
[0142] Referring to FIGS. 19-24, another disposable and/or
replaceable cartridge 414 can be used with the mouthpiece 112 and
includes a sealing or closing device operable on the cartridge to
permit selective opening and closing of the cartridge inlets and
outlets. In this embodiment, the cartridge 414 includes a housing
that is an assembly of two components 440, 460 that are slidably
connected in a telescoping manner to permit selection between the
open and closed configuration as discussed further below.
[0143] The cartridge 414 includes a connection portion 440, and a
base portion 462 that is slideably connected to the connection
portion so as to be movable relative to the connection portion
along a longitudinal axis 402 of the cartridge 414, while remaining
engaged with the connection portion 440.
[0144] The connection portion 440 is a hollow cylindrical member
having a closed first end 442, an open second end 444 opposed to
the first end 442, and an annular sidewall 446 that extends between
the first and second ends 442, 444. The closed first end 442 is
formed having a central opening (e.g., cartridge outlet) 434. The
outer surface of the sidewall 446 includes a pair of grooves (e.g.,
cartridge inlets) 436 that extend along an axial direction of the
connection portion 440. The cartridge inlets 436 begin at the
connection portion second end 444 and end midway between the
connection portion first end 442 and second end 444. The cartridge
inlets 436 have a depth that is less than the sidewall thickness,
except in the region adjacent the second end 444, where the
cartridge inlets 436 extend through the thickness of the sidewall
446.
[0145] The connection portion 440 includes external screw threads
454 provided at the first end 442 that are configured to engage
corresponding screw threads (not shown) formed on the inner surface
126 of the mouthpiece 112. In addition, flat regions 452 are formed
in the outer surface of the connection portion 440 adjacent to the
screw threads 454 at the connection portion first end 442. When the
cartridge 414 is connected to the mouthpiece 112 via the screw
threads 454, a space is formed between the mouthpiece interior
surface 126 and the flat regions 452, forming an air bypass port
476 that permits air flow into the mouthpiece fluid flow passage
116 (FIG. 24).
[0146] The base portion 460 is a hollow cylindrical member having
an open first end 462, a closed second end 464 opposed to the first
end 462, and an annular sidewall 466 that extends between the first
and second ends 462, 464. The base portion 460 includes a post 468
that protrudes from a center of the inside surface of the second
end 464 toward the base first end 462 and is surrounded by the
sidewall 466. The post 468 has an axial length that is greater than
the axial length of the sidewall 466 so that post 468 extends
through the base open first end 462 and the terminal end 470 of the
post 468 resides outside the base portion 460. In addition, tabs
472 are formed on an inner surface of the base portion sidewall 466
at the first end 462 that are configured to be received in and
engage with corresponding axially-extending channels 456 formed on
an outer surface of the connection portion 440.
[0147] The outer dimension of the connection portion sidewall 446
is sized so that the connection portion second end (e.g., open end)
444 is received within the base portion first end (e.g. open end)
462, and an outer surface of the connection portion sidewall 446
contacts an inner surface of the base portion sidewall 466. In
particular, the connection portion 440 is engaged with the base
portion 460 to define a reservoir 432 that extends between the
connection portion first end 442 and the base portion second end
464. When the connection portion 440 is assembled with the base
portion 460, the base portion tabs 470 engage the axially-extending
channels 456 formed on an outer surface of the connection portion
440, permitting the connection portion 440 to move axially (e.g.,
telescope) relative to the base portion 460. In this regard, the
engagement between the tabs 470 and the channels serves to prevent
separation of the connection portion 440 from the base portion 460,
and the channels 456 serve as guides that determine the extent of
axial movement of the connection portion 440 relative to the base
portion 460.
[0148] The connection portion 440 telescopes relative to the base
portion 460 between a first (e.g., open) position (FIGS. 19 and 20)
and a second (e.g., closed) position (FIGS. 21 and 22). In the
first (open) position, the connection portion 440 is moved outward
relative to the base portion 460 such that a space exists between
the connection portion first end 442 and the post terminal end 470,
such that the cartridge outlet is open and fluid communication
exists between the reservoir 432 and the exterior of the cartridge
414. In addition, in the first position, the cartridge inlets 436
are positioned relative to the base portion 460 so that at least a
portion of the cartridge inlets 436 protrude beyond the base
portion second end 472, permitting air flow into the reservoir 432
via the cartridge inlets 436, which form a passageway between an
inner surface of the base portion 460 and an outer surface of the
connection portion 440. In the second (closed) position, the
connection portion 440 is moved inward relative to the base portion
460 such that the post terminal end 470 resides within and
substantially fully obstructs the cartridge outlet 434. In
addition, in the second position, the cartridge inlets 436 are
positioned relative to the base portion 460 so that the cartridge
inlets 436 reside within the base portion whereby the base portion
sidewall 466 substantially fully obstructs the cartridge inlet 436.
Moreover, since the connection portion 440 telescopes relative to
the base portion 460, the reservoir 432 has a variable volume. In
particular, the reservoir has a first volume when the cartridge 414
is in the first (open) position, and a second volume when the
cartridge 414 is in the second (closed) position, where the first
volume is greater than the second volume.
[0149] In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4-10, the cartridge
114 is connected to the mouthpiece via a snap fit connection, but
the cartridge 114 is not limited to a snap fit connection. Various
strategies are contemplated for attaching the reusable and/or
replaceable cartridges 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712''
described herein to the mouthpiece 112. In some embodiments, a
first end 128 of the cartridge 114 has an outer surface that is
sized and configured to provide a snap-fit engagement with the
inner surface of the corresponding end of the mouthpiece 112. In
some embodiments, other forms of engagement are used instead of or
in addition to snap-fit engagement to attach the cartridge 114 to
the mouthpiece 112. In certain configurations, the cartridge 114 is
held or locked into position through mechanical tension and/or
frictional forces from the particular mounting design. For example,
in some embodiments, the end cap 114 and the mouthpiece 112 have
threads and are screwed together (see for example FIGS. 19-24). In
another example, cartridges are slidably and reversibly
interference or press fit pressed into position within the inlet
end of the mouthpiece 112. In some embodiments, the inlet end of
the mouthpiece 112 is of a slightly larger diameter than the
diameter of the corresponding mating end of the cartridge 114,
creating a press-fit configuration between the pieces (see for
example FIGS. 11-13). In other embodiments, the mouthpiece and
cartridge are locked into position with spring tension locating
pins, dowels, ball bearings, living hinge positioners, etc. In
still other embodiments, the cartridge 114 is held into place with
the mouthpiece via magnetic holders and a ferrous and/or magnetic
counterpiece. Other alternative structures for connecting the
cartridge 114 to the mouthpiece 112 embodied in the present
invention include, but are not limited to, a screw fit, twist fit,
snap fit, press fit and turn, bayonet mount, etc.
[0150] In some embodiments, the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712,
712', 712'' is formed of a resilient material.
[0151] In some embodiments, the components constituting the
cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712'' are manufactured
from a plastic. In certain embodiments, the plastic is
biodegradable. In other certain embodiments, the components
constituting the the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712''
are manufactured from a polyester, a polyhydroxyalkanoate, a
polyanhydride, a polycaprolactone, a polydiaxonone, a
polyglycolide, a polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylactic acid, a
polypropylene carbonate, a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, a
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, a polyvinyl alcohol, a
starch derivative, cellulose esters, a cellophane, an enhanced
biodegradable plastic, compositional variants thereof, combinations
thereof, etc.
[0152] In certain embodiments the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414,
712, 712', 712'' is edible and manufactured from a starch, a
grain-based food, a vegetable, a meat, a fruit, a dairy product, a
sugary food, a nut, a confection, a plant product, processed edible
products thereof, synthetic edible products thereof, combinations
of edible products, etc.
[0153] In certain embodiments the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414,
712, 712', 712'' is edible or biodegradable, and manufactured from
chocolate, bread, fruit, sugar, meat, bread, pasta, processed forms
thereof, combinations thereof, etc.
[0154] In some embodiments, the body of the entire device 100 is
manufactured from a starch, a grain-based food, a vegetable, a
meat, a fruit, a dairy product, a sugary food, a nut, a confection,
a plant product, processed edible products thereof, synthetic
edible products thereof, combinations of edible products, etc.
[0155] In some embodiments, the device 100 may be similar to an
inhaler or inhalation device, such as a dry powder inhaler (DPI) or
metered dose inhaler (MDI); a "pot" that holds an ultrasound source
and confines somewhat the aerosol cloud produced by the source; a
"fountain" that ejects and/or circulates the aerosol; a hand-held
pump device; a compressed air device; a food straw device; a
multi-person, communal device; a tabletop device. A variety of
materials may be used to form the device, or parts thereof,
including: plastics (e.g. polycarbonates, which are relatively
strong, polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene,
polyethylene, etc.), various metals, glass, cardboard, rigid paper,
etc.
[0156] In some embodiments, the device 100 includes an aerosol
generating device, for example, an airflow disrupting "grating,"
through which air and powder flows, thereby yielding an aerosol for
delivery to the user. In certain embodiments, the airflow grating
functions to allow passage of particles having a desired size,
range of desired sizes (mean volume distribution), or otherwise
delimits flow of particles to the user that are outside of a
desired mean volume size distribution range.
[0157] In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing device 100, 700
includes a disposable and/or replaceable cartridge (i.e., cartridge
114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712''). For example, the reusable or
replaceable cartridge is selectively detachable from the mouthpiece
and has a volume separate from the mouthpiece and includes an inlet
and/or outlet port that can be closed or sealed. This is
advantageous in the event that not all the payload has been
delivered, since the device can be selectively placed in a closed
configuration until further usage at a later time. In addition, a
closeable or sealable device is advantageous in situations wherein
the user exchanges one cartridge for another cartridge without
having expended all payload in the first cartridge. The partially
used, sealed first cartridge can be reconnected to the mouthpiece
at a later time for further use.
[0158] The cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712'' may not
be readily opened to access the consumable product inside. This is
advantageous for instances in which it is preferable that the user
have limited direct access to the consumable product (i.e., access
other than by delivery via the mouthpiece as intended). This may be
the case when the consumable product is a controlled substance, a
sensitive substance, or a substance that requires a very precise
dose. This may also reduce the risk of a user inserting other
materials into the device.
[0159] In some embodiments, the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712,
712', 712'' is an assembly of multiple components that together
define concave inner spaces, and, after powder is filled into
either or all of the components, the components snap or screw
together to form a largely closed interior chamber. In some
embodiments, the cartridge 114 further include an aerosol
generating device, for example, an airflow-disrupting "grating"
(not shown), through which air and powder flow, thereby yielding an
aerosol for delivery to the user. The cartridge typically includes
air passageways, for example, on the respective ends of the
enclosed compartments, so as to allow air to flow through upon
inhalation. The design, for example, the size or shape of the air
passageways, should provide sufficient airflow while minimizing
powder loss.
[0160] In the illustrated embodiments, the cartridge 114, 214, 314,
414, 712, 712', 712'' includes upper element (e.g., cover or cover
assembly) and lower element (e.g., housing). While a consumer is
not able to readily separate the upper and lower elements, the two
elements may initially separate so as to permit filling of the
cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712'' during the
manufacture of the overall product. In this embodiment, the housing
is filled with the consumable product during the manufacture of the
overall product, and shortly thereafter, the cover or cover
assembly is affixed to the housing, for example by a snap fit. The
snap fit can be designed to resist being taken apart once the two
elements are affixed. In some embodiments, other methods of
attachment such as, for example, press fits and ultrasonic welding
can be used to attach the cover and the housing.
[0161] In some embodiments, the mouthpiece and cartridge are
designed for single use (perhaps disposable) or, alternatively,
designed for multiple use. For example, in some embodiments, the
cartridge may be disposable, and, optionally, available with a
variety of aerosolizable powders, while the mouthpiece may be
reusable. In some cases, prefilled cartridges could be punctured,
torn, cut or broken by design elements within the housing or
mouthpiece (for example, sharp points, blades, compressing the
device, or twisting the device etc.). In certain embodiments,
pre-filled standard-sized capsules, for example, a gel capsule,
blister pack, or sealed capsule of another form, can be used by
placing them in the cartridge reservoir 132. Such embodiments allow
for easier filling, substitution, cleaning, and disposal. In
addition, such embodiments allow for manufacture of multiple dose
capsules. Such pre-filled capsules could be punctured, torn, cut or
broken by design elements within the housing (for example, sharp
points, blades, compressing the device, or twisting the device
etc.) prior to use. In some cases, a sealing member is removed; for
example, a sealing plastic or metal foil initially adhering to the
capsule (or cap) can be peeled off. In some cases, the capsule can
be protected or sealed with a cover. The product may thus be
released into the reservoir 132, for example, and become more
susceptible to airflow generated during inhalation or activation.
In another embodiment, the aerosolizable product may remain
substantially within the original container but now be in fluid
communication with, and thus now susceptible to, airflow generated
during inhalation and/or activation, etc. After activation and use,
the emptied capsule could be removed from the reservoir 132.
Alternatively, the cartridge can be designed for multiple uses. For
example, the cartridge may be refillable. In some cases, the
cartridge may be designed for one or more uses, and not be itself
refillable. In some cases, used (e.g., empty) cartridge can be
readily removed from contact, or removed from fluid communication,
with the mouthpiece 112. In some cases, new (e.g., filled)
cartridge can be readily brought into contact or fluid
communication with the mouthpiece 112. In some cases, such fluid
communication can be achieved using clean or sterile components. In
some embodiments, a cartridge can contain more than one dose. For
example, in some embodiments, multiple doses are contained within a
single larger cartridge, in which different doses are physically
separated from each other. In some embodiments, a mouthpiece 112 is
in fluid communication with only one of these doses at a given time
during use. Once the dose is delivered, it is possible for the
mouthpiece 112 to be put in fluid communication with a different
dose container within the cartridge, containing a new dose of
consumable product. As such, a single mouthpiece 112, and a single
cartridge 114, can be used to deliver multiple doses. After
consuming all doses within a cartridge element, the cartridge
element may be replaced or refilled. In some embodiments, the
housing 130, 230, 330, 430 is designed to allow for the
incorporation of at least 2, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or
10, cartridge, thereby allowing, for example, the user to mix and
match a variety of flavors in various amounts as desired. In some
embodiments, the housing 130 could be designed to allow for the
loading of a set of multiple cartridges to be activated one at a
time, thus reducing the frequency of removing and replacing spent
cartridges. A particle delivery apparatus can contain a cartridge
element that comprises more than one dose of consumable product.
The mouthpiece and cartridge element can both be reusable, while
individual dose containers can be disposable and/or replaceable. In
FIG. 25A, apparatus 730 comprises a reusable capsule and/or
cartridge element 732, in which 8 doses of consumable product are
physically isolated. Some embodiments are configured with a
different maximum capacity of a cartridge. Reusable mouthpiece 112
can be releasably coupled to cartridge element 732 on the upper
side 734 of the cartridge element 732. Upper side 734 can rotate
relative to lower side 736, sequentially exposing different
individual dose containers within cartridge element 734. Reusable
mouthpiece 112 can be coupled to each of these doses one at a time,
and thus used to deliver, sequentially, all doses contained in
cartridge element 734. In this embodiment, once all doses are used,
upper side 734 can be separated from lower side 736, and new dose
containers can be added into cartridge element 732. In some cases,
new dose containers can be added individually without the need to
separate upper side 734 from lower side 736, by sequentially
rotating upper side 734 relative to lower side 736.
[0162] In some cases, each individual dose container is sealed by a
thin member that must be peeled off before coupling with the
mouthpiece 112.
[0163] In some embodiments, cartridge element 732 is itself
entirely disposable, and can be replaced with a new cartridge
element 732 when the doses are all used.
[0164] In some embodiments, the device 100 is designed for use by
at least 2, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, users. For
example, the device could be designed with multiple branches, each
designed with an airflow directing element, so as to allow for
simultaneous use by multiple users.
[0165] In certain aspects, the device 100, 700 may include a
housing, a cartridge and a cap. In alternative aspects, a device
includes the housing and a cap, wherein both the housing and the
cap are designed for use with cartridges, for example, disposable
or refillable cartridges. In other aspects, the device encompasses
disposable or refillable cartridges. In other aspects, the device
encompasses mouthpieces, used with a variety of aerosolizable
products, aerosolizable product sources, and/or aerosolizable
product containers.
[0166] In certain aspects is a carrying case for transporting the
device and a plurality of cartridges. FIGS. 26A-26C are views of a
case 750 for carrying a mouthpiece and associated cartridges. FIGS.
27-29 are perspective views of other carrying case embodiments
750', 750'', 750'''.
[0167] It should be noted that the functionalities (i.e.,
aerosolizable product containment, aerosol generation, aerosol
delivery, airflow (and aerosol) direction, etc.) of the mouthpiece,
cartridge, cap, grating, mouthpiece disc, etc. may, in some
embodiments, be associated with one or more potentially different
physical units, while maintaining the same overall functionality.
For example, in some embodiments, a single device unit may
incorporate all functional aspects. In some embodiments, a
mouthpiece may contain an aerosol-generating device, an aerosol
delivery device, and an airflow- (and aerosol-) directing device,
and the aerosolizable product container may be separate. In some
embodiments, as previously described, food product may be contained
within a cartridge, an aerosol generating device may be part of a
cartridge, and a mouthpiece with airflow-directing elements may be
used to deliver the aerosol from the cartridge to the user.
[0168] The device 100, 700, or parts of the device, may be designed
for single use (for example, disposable). In some embodiments,
certain parts of the device, including the mouthpiece 112 or the
cartridge 114, may be disposable.
[0169] The device 100, 700 itself, or parts of the device, may be
designed for multiuse. In some embodiments, for example, the dosage
cartridge is replaceable or the reservoir 132 may be refilled. In
other embodiments, a reusable mouthpiece may be used with a
disposable cartridge element, the latter containing more than one
dose, with all doses intended to be delivered using the reusable
mouthpiece. In still other embodiments, a reusable mouthpiece may
be used with a disposable and/or replaceable cartridge that
contains the aerosolizable product, as discussed further below.
[0170] In some embodiments, cartridge or cartridge elements contain
a single dose. In some embodiments, cartridge or cartridge elements
contain more than one dose. In some embodiments, cartridges (e.g.,
consumable-product-containing elements) may be disposable and
designed to deliver a consumable product dosage 1, 2, 5, 10, 15,
30, or more times, before being discarded.
[0171] In some embodiments, each dose is physically separated from
the others, while contained in the cartridge or cartridge element.
In other embodiments, multiple doses of a consumable product are
contained within a single physical device, device element or
cartridge, and dosing is regulated by the user or by some other
means, as needed.
[0172] In some embodiments, the device may incorporate a
force-generating mechanism, such as a pump or compressed air
source, to aerosolize the product. In some embodiments, the device
may incorporate a propellant.
[0173] In some embodiments, the device may be designed for "single
action", "repeated action", or "continuous action" aerosolization
and/or delivery, depending on whether it is intended to aerosolize
and/or deliver the product in a single, short-term step (e.g., one
inhalation on an inhalation-triggered apparatus), in multiple
discrete steps (e.g., multiple inhalations on an
inhalation-triggered apparatus), or over a longer-term continuous
step (e.g., maintaining an aerosol cloud in open air), where "step"
can refer to any combination of simultaneous and/or sequential
processes by which the device aerosolizes and/or delivers the
product. Many factors, including whether the device is intended for
use by one subject or multiple subjects at a time, will help
determine which of these step sequences (if any) is appropriate for
any particular embodiment.
[0174] In the illustrated embodiments, the mouthpiece 112 is formed
having a circular or oval cross section, but it is not limited to
these cross-sectional shapes. For example, the mouthpiece can have
a square or rectangular cross-sectional shape.
[0175] In the illustrated embodiment, the mouthpiece 112 is a
monolithic structure (e.g., formed of a single piece). However, in
other embodiments, the mouthpiece 112 can be an assembly of at
least two substructures. For example, the mouthpiece can be an
assembly of an end piece with a deflection member designed for oral
placement and a body that connects the mouthpiece to a consumable
particle cartridge and/or capsule. In another example, the
mouthpiece can be an assembly of three separate components
including an end piece for oral placement, a deflector which may or
may not be detachable from the end piece, and a body that connects
the end piece to a consumable particle cartridge and/or capsule.
Other configurations of a mouthpiece with equivalent function to
that as described herein are contemplated. Other mouthpieces can be
used with aerosolized particle delivery devices.
[0176] In some embodiments, the mouthpiece 112 is manufactured from
a plastic. In certain embodiments, the plastic is biodegradable. In
other certain embodiments, the mouthpiece 112 is manufactured from
a polyester, a polyhydroxyalkanoate, a polyanhydride, a
polycaprolactone, a polydiaxonone, a polyglycolide, a
polyhydroxybutyrate, a polylactic acid, a polypropylene carbonate,
a polylactic-co-glycolic acid, a
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, a polyvinyl alcohol, a
starch derivative, cellulose esters, a cellophane, an enhanced
biodegradable plastic, compositional variants thereof, combinations
thereof, etc.
[0177] In some implementations, the mouthpiece 112 is intended to
be reused, for example, for 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, or more deliveries
of consumable product. In certain embodiments, reusable parts of
the device can be used indefinitely (e.g., they can be readily
cleaned, in a dishwasher, by hand, etc.). For example, a mouthpiece
made of a durable and cleanable material, such as certain metals
(i.e., stainless steel), plastics, ceramic or glass, may be used in
conjunction with many cartridges over time.
[0178] In other implementations, the mouthpiece 112 can be re-used,
for example, with multiple cartridges of the same type (e.g., of
the same embodiment), or in another example, with cartridge of
different types (e.g. of a different embodiment).
[0179] In other implementations, the other mouthpieces may be used
with the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712''.
[0180] In some implementations, the delivery device 100 comprises a
disposable and/or replaceable cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712,
712', 712''. For example, the reusable or replaceable cartridge is
selectively detachable from the mouthpiece 112, and has a reservoir
132 separate from the mouthpiece 112 that includes an inlet and/or
outlet port that can be closed or sealed. This is advantageous in
the event that not all the payload has been delivered, since the
device can be selectively placed in a closed configuration until
further usage at a later time. In addition, a closeable or sealable
device is advantageous in situations wherein the user exchanges one
cartridge for another cartridge without having expended all payload
in the first cartridge. The partially used, sealed first cartridge
can be reconnected to the mouthpiece at a later time for further
use.
[0181] In the cartridge 114 illustrated in FIGS. 4-10, the
cartridge inlet and outlet ports can be selectively sealed or
closed to prevent aerosolizable product from leaking or spilling
out of the cartridge without requiring connectivity to remainder of
the device (e.g., the mouthpiece). In the illustrated embodiment,
the spring-loaded tab 146 was used to provide control of the flow
through the cartridge inlets and outlet, but the cartridge is not
limited to this control device. Other control devices may be used,
including mechanical devices wherein manual (digital) manipulation
of the device open or closes the air inlet and/or payload outlet
ports. In particular embodiments, spring-activated doors or levers
are opened through actuation of a lever, handle, button or other
functionally similar member to open the air inlet and/or outlet
ports. In some embodiments, actively holding the member in an open
position retains the device in a conformation for which an air
expiration or inspiration aerosolizes and delivers a payload
product. Releasing the member will result in the ports being closed
by a spring tension wherein the port door, lid, flap, cover and the
like close the ports to prevent air flow through the device and/or
spillage of the product. In certain embodiments, a spring member is
attached to the door or covering. In other certain embodiments, the
spring member is attached to a lever, handle, button or other
functionally similar member, which in turn actuates a port door or
cover to seal or close the port(s). In still other embodiments, the
members of the closing mechanism are comprised of a material and/or
composition having a spring tension either in the
handle/lever/button, the door/lid/flap/seal/cover, or both. Living
hinges such as these do not require a separate but connected spring
member for actuation of the living hinge sealing/closing mechanism,
and decrease the total number of separately manufactured and
assembled device members. In certain embodiments, the actuating
mechanism for a spring tension device may be opened and placed into
a locked position, wherein the air flow through the device is
achieved without holding the actuating mechanism. Maneuvering the
actuating mechanism will unlock the mechanism, wherein spring
tension (and not the device user) closes the
door/lid/flap/seal/cover. In some embodiments, a lever, button or
handle is actuated to maneuver a door/seal/lid/flap/cover to
overlay one or more ports. In certain embodiments, a mechanism like
this can be locked into an open and/or closed position, and
requires a device user to actively switch the device between an
open and closed conformation.
[0182] In the cartridge 414 illustrated in FIGS. 19-24, the
cartridge inlet and outlet ports can be selectively sealed or
closed to prevent aerosolizable product from leaking or spilling
out of the cartridge without requiring connectivity to remainder of
the device (e.g., the mouthpiece). In the embodiment illustrated in
FIGS. 19-24, the structure of the housing itself, including the
post and features of the external surface, were used to control
fluid flow through the cartridge inlets and outlet, but the
cartridge is not limited to this control device. Alternative
embodiments are contemplated for the cartridge including, for
example, the cartridge being comprised of a single member or more
than one member to define the inner volume. In a particular
embodiment, the replaceable/reusable cartridge inner volume is a
single member molded with one or more components into a single
functional cartridge. In another particular embodiment, the
replaceable/reusable cartridge is comprised of two components that
are slidably connected, wherein each component defines a
cylindrical or elongated closed end, an open end, wall, etc. The
slidably connected members thus define the cartridge (second)
volume. One advantage to such a configuration is that the one
member of the slidably connected members can be configured to
connect with the mouth piece (first member), and slidably
separating or pushing together the other member of the slidably
connected members actuates a sealing mechanism. In certain
embodiments, o-rings, rubber, silicon, etc. seals, edge geometry
(for example, a bevel), or cartridge material is pliable between
the interconnected members to sufficiently seal the cartridge from
powder leakage at the inner and outer cartridge member
interface.
[0183] In many instances, variations of some embodiments may be
designed without, in many instances, affecting the function of the
overall device. For example, the cylindrical nature of the device
may be modified, for example, for aesthetic effect, as may the
overall length of the device. Alternatively, or in addition, the
aerosol generating device, for example, the airflow disrupting
element such as a grating, may be incorporated into the cylindrical
mouthpiece unit. In some embodiments, the aerosol generating device
may include more than one component. For example, a grating and/or
the airflow passageways in the cap may play individual roles in
generating turbulence that leads to aerosolization, or both may be
needed. In general, there may also be multiple configurations of
gratings, airflow passageways, dimensions etc, to produce the right
aerosolization airflow.
[0184] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the device may be
selected so that, while preserving the appropriate airflow
dynamics, aerosolizable product may be provided as capsule that is
placed within the cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712''.
For example, standard medical capsules may be placed within the
cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712'', or may to some
extent replace the previously described aerosolizable particles, or
in another way simplify the process of loading, storing, and
releasing the powder.
[0185] The embodiments of the disposable and/or replaceable
cartridge 114, 214, 314, 414, 712, 712', 712'' described herein
each include a sealing or closing device operable on the cartridge
to permit selective opening and closing of the cartridge inlets and
outlets. The open and closed configurations can affect either the
airflow through the cartridge, and/or close the cartridge to
prevent payload spillage when the device is not in use. In the
described implementations, the sealing device is operable on the
cartridge, independent of the mouthpiece. However, in other
implementations, the sealing device may require both the mouthpiece
and the cartridge either to engagably seal/close/cover or allow an
open configuration of the cartridge. For example, in a particular
embodiment, the mouthpiece terminal edge slidably abuts the
cartridge edge. When the two edges are contacting, the air inlet
ports are sealed or closed with the edge or other device
articulations, thereby preventing payload spillage out of the air
intake ports, aerosol flow outlet ports, bypass ports, etc. Such a
configuration can also utilize, for example, an internal endcap or
similar conformation on the mouthpiece that will slidably abut the
payload outlet port of the cartridge. In a closed position,
therefore, the any or all of the various ports will be closed when
the mouthpiece is slidably abutted to the replaceable cartridge,
thereby minimizing or eliminating payload spillage from the
internal cartridge payload volume. In certain embodiments, o-rings,
rubber, silicon, etc. seals, edge geometry (for example, a bevel),
or cartridge material is pliable between the interconnected members
to sufficiently seal the cartridge from powder leakage at the inner
and outer cartridge member interface.
Activation of Aerosolization and Delivery of Consumable Product
[0186] The aerosol generating device is any device capable of
producing an aerosol of desired characteristics (i.e., particle
size, airborne time/suspension duration, emitted dose, etc.). In
addition to the aerosol generating device, there may be a delivery
device, such as an additional airflow constraining device, a
confined space in which the aerosol is contained, an air passage in
an inhaler, a mouthpiece, airflow-directing elements, or other
devices or structures, that enable, facilitate, or optimize the
delivery of the aerosol to the subject's mouth. For example, FIGS.
4-10 illustrate the cartridge 114, which in many embodiments serves
as an aerosolizable food product container. In some
implementations, the cartridge 114 also incorporates an
aerosol-generating device consisting primarily of a grating (not
shown). In many embodiments, the cartridge 114 is connected to the
mouthpiece 112 with airflow-directing elements, where the
mouthpiece serves as a delivery device.
[0187] By controlling gravitational and inertial forces, the
airflow-directing elements found in some embodiments enable
delivery of the aerosol cloud substantially to surfaces within the
mouth (i.e., tongue, cheeks, etc.) rather than into the respiratory
tract. This aspect of the technology is highly relevant to a number
of potential applications of aerosolizable products. Indeed the
same such delivery device can make possible delivery of a wide
range of aerosol products, generated in a number of different ways,
to a consumer, while minimizing or eliminating coughing and
potential interactions with surfaces of the respiratory system
beyond the mouth.
[0188] The design of any of the devices described herein is
configured for the reduction of the tendency to cough, gag, or
otherwise react unfavorably to an aerosolized product, and can be
embodied in a variety of designs achieving the same function; The
devices described herein are meant to be exemplary.
[0189] Aerosolization and delivery of a product may occur by a
variety of means including, but not limited to, acts of
respiration, device activation, bodily displacement, aerosol
displacement and a combination thereof. For example, such acts may
include the following: inhalation on a mouthpiece, resulting in
exposure of the aerosolizable product to the aerosol generating
device and delivery of the aerosolized product to the mouth; the
activation of an ultrasound source, the actuation of a pump, the
activation of a compressed air source, the activation of an
impeller, the puncturing of a container, the opening of an air
passage, that at least in part causes or helps to cause a product
to aerosolize (the aerosol thus formed may be in a substantially
confined space (e.g., a spacer), or a substantially open space
(e.g., as a "cloud" in air or in a confined structure));
respiration directed "on" or "toward" an aerosol (e.g., that is
contained in a spacer device, freely floating as a cloud or
contained within a larger structure), and that may be facilitated
by the use of a straw, mouthpiece, or other apparatus, thereby
leading to product deposition substantially in the mouth; an act of
bodily displacement, such as walking or leaning (possibly in
conjunction with a particular placement or positioning of the
mouth, tongue, or other body part in a specific way), that exposes
a subject's mouth to an aerosol cloud, or portion thereof, thereby
leading to particle deposition substantially in the mouth; an act
of aerosol displacement caused by, for example, an air current, a
thermal or pressure gradient, inertial impaction, diffusion, or
gravity, that brings an aerosol cloud, or portion thereof, to a
position so as to expose a subject's mouth to the aerosol cloud,
thereby leading to particle deposition substantially in the mouth
(even where aerosol displacement results in dilution of the
particle concentration and spreading out the cloud); an additional
act of device activation, device use, space constraining, airflow
confinement, etc., or of placement or positioning of the mouth,
lips, tongue, jaw, head, or other body part in a particular
configuration, shape, etc.; other actions that help produce the
proper aerosolization and/or delivery and/or tasting of the
aerosolized product (e.g., use of a food straw, opening/closing of
a containing chamber, lifting of the tongue to divert airflow,
etc.). Such acts may be used to help reduce a tendency to cough,
gag, or otherwise react unfavorably to the aerosolized product.
[0190] Air flow of the device is moderated for user comfort and
aerosolizing capacity of the device. Optimal airflow can be
dependent on factors including payload, device design, air inlet
port size and configuration, air bypass size and configuration, and
overall size of the device. Generally, the device is designed for
hand held use. In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery
apparatus is configured to permit a flow rate through the apparatus
of between about five (5) liters per minute and about sixty (60)
liters per minute at a vacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals.
In certain embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus is
configured for a flow rate through the apparatus of between about
ten (10) liters per minute and about thirty (30) liters per minute
at a vacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals. In certain
embodiments the aerosolizing delivery apparatus is configured for a
flow rate through the apparatus of between about fifteen (15)
liters per minute and about twenty-five (25) liters per minute at a
vacuum pressure of about four kiloPascals. It may also be desirable
to achieve flow rates that deliver a portion, or all of, the powder
contained in the cartridge reservoir or volume in one, two, three,
four, five, six, seven, eight, none, ten or more actuations,
wherein an actuation is about a one to two second inhalation at
about 4 kiloPascals of applied vacuum pressure. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between five and 10 percent of the starting quantity
of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between ten and twenty percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between twenty and thirty percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between thirty and forty percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between forty and fifty percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between fifty and sixty percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between sixty and seventy percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between seventy and eighty percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between eighty and ninety percent of the starting
quantity of powder contained in the cartridge reservoir. In certain
embodiments, the payload of delivered powder per actuation at 4
kiloPascals applied vacuum pressure for about 1 to 2 seconds of
inhalation, is between ninety and one hundred percent of the
starting quantity of powder contained in the cartridge
reservoir.
[0191] All references to a powder, liquid, aerosol, cloud,
particle, etc. made herein may equivalently refer to some fraction
or portion of the total amount of the powder, liquid, aerosol,
cloud, etc.
[0192] In some embodiments, the aerosolized product should be of a
determined size, i.e., of sufficient size to limit entry into the
respiratory tract but of small enough size to allow for suspension
in the air. In some embodiments, particle size may be a
manufacturing requirement of pre-atomized, generally solid
products, for example the products placed inside the capsule/cap of
certain embodiments, or certain dry products used in association
with an air pump or compressed air source. In some embodiments,
particle size may be a requirement of the aerosol-generating
device, for (generally liquid) products that are only atomized upon
aerosol generation, for example the products used in association
with ultrasound sources to produce an aerosol cloud.
[0193] In some embodiments, the predetermined, mean size of the
aerosolized product is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30,
35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 75, 80, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120,
125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185,
190, 195, 200, 205, 210, 215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 250,
255, 260, 265, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 295, 300, 325, 350, 375,
400, 425, 450, 475, or 500 microns. In some embodiments, the
predetermined, mean size of the aerosolized product is less than
500, 450, 400, 350, 325, 300, 275, 250, 245, 240, 235, 230, 225,
220, 215, 210, 205, 200, 195, 190, 185, 180, 175, 150, 140, 130,
120, 110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, or 10 microns in
size. Ranges intermediate to those recited above, e.g., about 50
microns to about 215 microns, are also intended to be part of this
disclosure. For example, ranges of values using a combination of
any of the above recited values as upper and/or lower limits are
intended to be included.
[0194] Especially, but not exclusively, in some embodiments in
which intake is by inspiration or expiration, minimum particle size
is an important feature of the approach. The food aerosol particles
are designed to be substantially delivered and deposited into the
mouth, for example by the forces of gravity or inertial impaction,
but to not be easily delivered and deposited substantially further
into the respiratory tract, for example the trachea or lungs. Such
consumable particles would thus possess a size larger than that
which focuses penetration into the lungs (i.e., larger than about
10 microns). For example, breath-activated aerosolizing devices,
such as the devices shown (in part or in whole) in the figures,
generate an aerosol that would fairly easily follow the inspired
air toward the lungs were it not for the aerosol particles' larger
size (and the delivery device's airflow-directing elements).
[0195] Especially, but not exclusively, in embodiments in which
intake is by displacement of the subject or of the aerosol (e.g.,
with an aerosol cloud), maximum particle size is an important
feature of the approach. Indeed, the aerosol cloud must remain
suspended in air for at least a brief time so that displacement
into the mouth can occur. Thus the particles must not be so large
such that they rapidly settle from the air. This will greatly
depend on the force(s) and/or mechanism(s) by which the particles
are held in the air (e.g., by "natural" forces alone, such as
inertia, diffusion, etc., or by additional forces, such as an
impeller, air currents, convection, etc.). Accordingly, in some
embodiments, the particles should be less than about 500 microns
under typical suspension forces and mechanisms. For example,
ultrasound sources in liquid products can produce a standing
aerosol cloud that, so long as convection is minimal, balances
gravity, diffusion, inertial impaction, and other forces, to stay
suspended in the air.
[0196] The specific parameters of the apparatus and intake method
will in part determine whether the subject is inhaling/exhaling or
eating/sipping when intake of the aerosol occurs. This generally
corresponds to (1) whether the aerosol is entering the subject's
mouth and/or throat via breathed air (physiologically, while the
epiglottis is directing the air into the trachea toward the lungs)
or whether the aerosol is entering the subject's mouth by another
method (such as displacement of the aerosol or of the subject), and
(2) whether the subject's maneuver or expectation is equivalent to
the consumption of a food product to be (eventually) swallowed
(e.g., as with the use of a drinking straw while drawing fluid into
the mouth, before swallowing; physiologically, while the epiglottis
is blocking passage to the trachea). In any case, it should be
further noted that the product, after deposition in the mouth, may
be eventually swallowed and consumed essentially as any other
typical ingestible product.
[0197] In some cases, the aerosol may be carried via inhaled air
that flows all the way to the lungs, for example, like the
inhalation a smoker may have, which carries air and smoke
through/from the cigarette, into the lungs. In some cases, the
aerosol may be carried via sucked air that stops in the mouth, more
like the approach used with a typical straw and beverage, or with
cigars. In some cases, elements of both approaches may be suitable.
This potential distinction may have important implications for an
aerosolizing device. For example, in the case in which the
particles are carried by air that continues directly to the lungs,
preventing deposition of particles too far into the respiratory
tract is more dependent on the physical parameters of the
particles, airflow, etc. In the case in which the particles are
carried by air that is sucked into the mouth, it may be possible to
carry particles of mean sizes, or with other properties, that would
normally allow them to extend further than desirable into the
respiratory system, but that, by virtue of the airflow stopping
before the lungs, have them fall substantially into the mouth
anyway.
[0198] In some embodiments of the devices described herein,
relatively dry, solid powders of appropriate size can be used as
the product. Preliminary tests have shown that the water-solubility
of the dry powders used plays a role in the taste and potential
coughing reflex resulting from intake of the aerosolized product.
For example, powders of particles that tend to be more rapidly
water-soluble, such as ground chocolate bars, or certain
chocolate-based powders, give rise to a generally pleasing reaction
upon contact of the particles with the tongue and other surfaces
within the mouth. In the case of ground chocolate bars, for
example, the effect is in some cases similar to that of sensing
chocolate melt very rapidly in one's mouth. Conversely, particles
that are less water-soluble, such as certain ground-cocoa-based
powder products, tend to be considered harsher and more likely to
elicit less pleasurable reactions, such as a dry-mouth sensation or
coughing. However, in some instances, a combination of both kinds
of powders, in varying proportions, provides interesting flavor
complexity.
Aerosol Powders
[0199] By designing a product payload form that can be aerosolized
(particles much larger than 500 microns fall quickly out of the air
unless supported by an external force) and yet has sufficiently
large particles (greater than approximately 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15
or 20 microns) such that few or no particles enter the lungs on
inspiration, our technology results in oral deposition and
oral/buccal delivery. Ideally, the particles would be engineered
and produced such that, for example, at least about 50%, at least
about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, at least about
90%, at least about 95%, at least about 97%, or at least about 99%
of the particles deposit in the mouth and do not extend further
into the respiratory tract.
[0200] Particle engineering can also account for reducing any
tendency to cough, gag, or otherwise react unfavorably to the
aerosol. For example, some payload formulations may result in a
mouth feel/oral sensation that is more pleasant with a range of
particle sizes greater than about 50 microns but less than 100
microns. Therefore, in particular embodiments, the range of
particle sizes is engineered to the specific particle payload
formulation to optimize aerosolizablity, solubility, and membrane
transport.
[0201] Additionally, particle payload median size distribution can
be engineered for good performance in a particular aerosolizing
device. For example, in certain embodiments a particle size
distribution of a particular formulation for use in a disposable
device may be numerically larger or smaller than the same
formulation for use in a disposable cartridge and/or than for use
in an edible cartridge or device. In other embodiments, the
particle size distribution is chosen for required, maximal and/or
consistent payload delivery per actuation of a particular device.
For example, a single device or cartridge may be designed for
carrying any class of formulations (i.e., a pharmaceutical, an OTC,
an energy supplement, etc.), but the particle size distribution and
formulation of different payloads results in different payload
delivery amounts per actuation of the same device.
[0202] Dry powder particles can be created through a number of
different methods. For example, certain products including food
products be dehydrated, freeze dried, lyophilized, etc.
Alternatively or in addition, where the food is a more malleable or
liquid based food, the food may be frozen first to facilitate
subsequent grinding or chopping. The food product may subsequently
be ground to form particles (e.g., food particles) of the
appropriate size. Grinding of the products can be performed by use
of a mortar and pestle. Alternatively or in addition, products may
be chopped, for example using a mechanical or electrical grinder,
knives, etc. The resulting ground or chopped particles can
subsequently be filtered through sieves (for example by hand, using
an electrical or mechanical sieve shaker, by an air classification
system, by a screening system, etc.) to achieve the appropriate
particle size. Another approach is to use a powder mill that grinds
down larger particles into pre-defined sizes. Spray drying, in
which a mixture of water and the material to be dried is forced
through a nozzle into a high-temperature drum, instantly
evaporating the water droplets clinging to the material, may also
be utilized. These methods, in addition to others, would allow for
the creation of specifically sized particles capable of being
aerosolized, but large enough not to pass easily through the mouth
and throat and continue into the respiratory tract.
[0203] These dry powder particles could be created from a single
product or ingredient of a composition, such as chocolate, coffee,
or truffles, or from a combination of foods or ingredients, such as
combinations representative of an entire dish or meal (e.g., mixed
fruits, pizza, pastry, meat and potatoes, etc.). In the case of
chocolate, chocolate bars, chocolate powder, cocoa powder, and
other forms and varieties of foods derived from the cocoa plant may
be used. In addition, in some cases, spices and other (natural or
artificial) flavorings may be used alone or in combination with
such food ingredients to create other tastes or sensations (e.g.,
natural or artificial chocolate, raspberry, mango, mint, vanilla,
cinnamon, caramel, and/or coffee flavors). Additionally, the
apparatus may contain a single dose of food product or multiple
doses/portions of the food product. In addition, they may be made
from largely liquid products, for example by extracting dissolved
solids or using other solid components. In some embodiments,
flavors can be experienced while using less of the actual product
compared to normal ingestion. In addition, by mixing different
powders, new flavors can be created.
[0204] Depending on the food product(s) and device(s) used, the
food product may be stored and/or contained in the form of a tablet
or pill, in a blister pack, within a capsule, as simply a powder in
a jar-like container, and/or in a tray, box, container, thermos,
bottle, etc.
[0205] In some embodiments, it is possible to deliver odors using
appropriately designed and appropriately sized particles, which may
be utilized independently or in addition to embodiments described
herein, i.e., in addition to delivery of aerosolized food product
so as to enhance the aesthetic experience.
[0206] "Food product", "aerosol", "particle", and other similar
terms are used throughout this document, and though they may
typically refer to small solid particles derived from foods, these
terms may in some cases refer to any of the other edible products
including, but not limited to, a food product, an energy
supplement, a pharmaceutical compound, an over-the-counter
pharmaceutical compound, a nutraceutical, a sleep-aid compound, a
weight-loss compound, an oral health compound, etc.
Applications
[0207] Our apparatus can transform how ingestible aerosolizable
payloads are experienced, allowing for an enhanced delivery and
performance of ingestible products. For example, medicines can be
delivered more effectively, and by having larger surface area to
volume in the aerosolized payload, are likely to be transported
through membrane barriers at higher kinetic efficiencies.
Additionally, for food-based payloads, the aerosolizing apparatus
can allow subjects to experience food either individually with hand
held devices, or expose themselves to, for example, rooms filled
with aerosolized clouds of various flavorings. The devices
described herein can be applicable for compounds used for weight
loss, OTC and pharmaceutical compound delivery (for example,
allergy medicines, cold and flu medicines, etc.), nutraceuticals,
dietary supplements, energy supplements, etc.
[0208] In some embodiments, the devices and methods described can
allow subjects to experience food by exposing themselves to
aerosolized food via individual, hand-held, and/or portable
devices. In some embodiments, our technology may be used in and/or
associated with social contexts similar to candy eating or
cigarette smoking. For example, some embodiments may be carried
about and used at various points throughout the day, or used
simultaneously by multiple users.
[0209] In addition, the apparatus can serve to provide nutrition to
subjects either who are incapable of chewing or for whom delivery
of food is not convenient. For example, the particle delivery
apparatus may be useful for elderly or young children, for whom
chewing or feeding is inconvenient. In addition, individuals with
medical conditions that require them to be fed in particular ways
(e.g., by a feeding tube or intravenously) may use certain
embodiments of this invention as a way to experience and taste food
again.
[0210] In certain embodiments, the aerosolizing apparatus can serve
to facilitate the intake of medication that may not be of a
pleasurable taste. If used in conjunction with delivery of the
medication, e.g. orally, the apparatus can provide an additional
flavor that masks the flavor of the medication.
[0211] In some embodiments, the aerosolizing apparatus described
herein may be used for weight control or addiction mitigation
applications. For example, the aerosolizing apparatus can allow for
subjects to consume relatively small or negligible quantities of
food products or certain unhealthy or addictive substances, and the
exposure to the particles (e.g., food particles, weight loss,
nutraceuticals, etc.) via the apparatus may provide a sensation or
satisfaction normally associated with the consumption of a larger
quantity of the food or substance in question, thereby potentially
satisfying hunger or addictive urges without the (potentially
negative) consequences of actually consuming larger amounts of the
substance(s). In some cases, this may be due to the higher surface
area of the food product exposed to surfaces of the mouth, for
example exposed to taste receptors, relative to the overall
quantity (e.g., mass) of food product. Indeed, the particle
delivery apparatus may form a basis for dieting, weight control and
healthy eating programs (for example, by satisfying cravings for
sweets, fatty foods, chocolate and caffeine) and addiction
treatment (for example, by satisfying urges for alcohol, smoking,
drugs but in much smaller, less harmful amounts).
[0212] Additionally, the particle delivery apparatus can serve as a
means for taste-testing a number of items in a simple and efficient
way. For example, a patron at a restaurant can taste test various
dishes on the menu before making a selection. Additionally, chefs
may use the particle delivery apparatus to test combinations of
foods while cooking or designing a recipe. Similarly, the apparatus
may serve as an aid in cooking lessons, as an international
"dining" experience for a subject, as a way to teach children about
food, etc. In addition, the particle delivery apparatus may be used
to improve quality of life, for example, with respect to
individuals subject to special dietary restrictions
[0213] Other useful applications of the particle delivery apparatus
include, but are not limited to hunger relief (e.g., in the
emergency conditions of a famine) and for animal feedings.
[0214] Terms and phrases including "inhalable", "exhalable",
"inhalation", "exhalation", "breathable", "respiration",
"respirable", "aspiration", "inspiration", "expiration", "sip",
"sipping", "sucking", and others, have been used throughout this
disclosure--or could have been used, as exact or approximate
equivalents--to describe certain aspects of the disclosed
embodiments. It should be noted that the definitions of each of
these terms and phrases must be understood based on context and
other relevant information herein. The precise definitions as
understood in certain fields (e.g., medicine, anatomy, mechanical
engineering, etc.) may not always be applicable in part or in
whole.
[0215] Throughout the disclosure, "mouthpiece" and "first member"
have been used interchangeably to describe function and/or
structure of the components of the aerosolizing device described
herein, and should be understood as being interchangeable for the
descriptions as provided.
[0216] In addition, throughout this disclosure, "aerosol", and
similar terms (including singular and plural usages), are intended
to refer to "a gaseous suspension of fine solid or liquid
particles" ("aerosol" as defined in the American Heritage
Dictionary online, 2011). For example, a dry powder that can be
suspended in an air flow and transported via the airflow, as with
the devices and payloads described herein, is considered to be
within this definition. As another example, a plurality of liquid
droplets substantially suspended in air as the result of ultrasonic
agitation of a liquid, is also considered to be within this
definition. Other examples of aerosols, and other relevant uses of
such terms, would be evident to those skilled in the art; these
examples and definition are therefore meant as clarification and in
no way are intended to limit the scope or applicability of the
terms as used herein.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
[0217] FIG. 30 shows a sprung door covering element 2910 which is
used to enclose a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradable
cartridge and serve as the abutting member to the first member or
mouthpiece of an aerosolizing apparatus. Lever 2920 comprises a
hole 2970 which is off center (e.g., not aligned with the outlet
port of the cartridge) when the lever is in the unactuated, closed
position. When pressed towards the body of the cartridge 2910
(actuated), lever member 2920 aligns the hole 2970 with the outlet
port of the cartridge. Members 2980 can be separate spring members
or spring portions integral with the lever 2920 as would be found
with a living hinge.
Example 2
[0218] FIGS. 31a and 31b illustrate a replaceable cartridge 3010
with a sealing or closing mechanism 3020 in an aerosolizing
delivery apparatus. The apparatus comprises a first member (or
mouthpiece) 3000 detachably connected to a replaceable, edible
and/or biodegradable cartridge 3010 that contains aerosolizable
powder. A deflection member 3050 is located on an end of the first
member 3000 opposed to the cartridge 3010 and is configured to
redirect aerosolized particles to the sides of a user's mouth upon
actuation of the apparatus. The air intake ports 3030 and aerosol
flow outlet port 3040 direct aerosolized powder towards the
deflection member 3050. In the closed configuration shown in FIGS.
30a and b, the slide lever 3020 covers the outlet port, preventing
air from flowing into the chamber through air intake port 3030, and
prevents powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge
through outlet port 3040. FIG. 30b shows a cartridge and slide
lever in the open position, with outlet port 3040 uncovered. Slide
lever 3020 is designed to be sprung or passive, and has an end that
protrudes outward from the apparatus to permit manual actuation
between the closed configuration and the open configuration.
Example 3
[0219] FIGS. 32a-32d illustrate a replaceable cartridge 3110 with a
sealing or closing door 3180 actuated by a separate lever mechanism
3120 in an aerosolizing delivery apparatus. The apparatus comprises
a first member (or mouthpiece) 3100 detachably connected to a
replaceable, edible and/or biodegradable cartridge 3110 that
contains aerosolizable powder. The air intake ports 3130 and
aerosol flow outlet port 3170 direct aerosolized powder towards the
mouthpiece 3100. In the closed configuration shown in FIGS. 32 a
and 32b, the door or cover 3180 overlies the cartridge outlet port
3170 and prevents air from flowing into the first member chamber
through air intake port 3130 and prevents powder from becoming
aerosolized and exiting the cartridge through outlet port 3170.
FIGS. 32c and 32d shows the cartridge 3110 with the door 3180 in
the open position, in which the door is pushed away from the
cartridge outlet port 3170 by the lever mechanism 3120, leaving the
outlet port 3170 uncovered. The door 3180 may pivot or bend to
achieve the configuration shown in FIGS. 30c and 30d. The
closing/opening lever 3120 is designed to be sprung or passive, and
lockable in the open position. An end of the lever 3120 protrudes
outward from the apparatus to permit manual actuation between the
closed configuration and the open configuration.
Example 4
[0220] FIGS. 33a and 33b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or
biodegradable cartridge 3210 with a sealing or closing door 3220
actuated by a separate post configuration in an aerosolizing
delivery apparatus 3200. The apparatus comprises a first member (or
mouthpiece) 3200 detachably connected to a replaceable cartridge
3210 that contains aerosolizable powder. A deflection member 3250
is located on an end of the first member 3200 opposed to the
cartridge 3210 and is configured to redirect aerosolized particles
to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation of the apparatus. In
the closed configuration shown in FIGS. 33a, the door or cover 3220
obstructs an outlet port of the cartridge 3210, and thus prevents
air from flowing into the chamber through air intake ports and
prevents powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge
through outlet port. In some embodiments, the door or cover 3220 is
a flap formed integrally with a top surface of the cartridge. FIG.
33b shows the cartridge 3210 with the door 3220 in the open
position whereby the outlet port is uncovered. The door 3220 is
opened by moving the first member 3200 toward the cartridge 3210
whereby the post 3240 provided in the first member 3200 urges the
door 3220 into the open configuration. The closing/opening lever is
designed to be sprung or passive, and lockable in the open
position.
Example 5
[0221] FIGS. 34a and 34b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or
biodegradable cartridge 3310 with a sealing or closing door 3360
actuated by a living hinge mechanism in an aerosolizing delivery
apparatus 3300. The apparatus comprises a first member (or
mouthpiece) 3300 detachably connected to a replaceable cartridge
3310 that contains aerosolizable powder. A deflection member 3350
is located on an end of the first member 3300 opposed to the
cartridge 3310 and is configured to redirect aerosolized particles
to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation of the apparatus. In
the closed configuration shown in FIG. 34a, the door or cover is
disposed on an outer surface of the cartridge, and prevents air
from flowing into the chamber through air intake ports 3330 and
prevents powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge
through outlet port 3340. FIG. 34b shows a cartridge 3310 and door
3360 in the open position, with outlet port uncovered. The
closing/opening lever is designed to be sprung or passive with
button or lever 3320, and lockable in the open position. An end of
the lever 3320 protrudes outward from the apparatus to permit
manual actuation between the closed configuration and the open
configuration.
Example 6
[0222] FIGS. 35a and 35b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or
biodegradable cartridge 3410 with a sealing one way duck bill valve
3420, actuated by a digital manipulation, in an aerosolizing
delivery apparatus 3400. The apparatus comprises a first member (or
mouthpiece) 3400 detachably connected to a replaceable cartridge
3410 that contains aerosolizable powder. A deflection member 3450
is located on an end of the first member 3400 opposed to the
cartridge 3410 and is configured to redirect aerosolized particles
to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation of the apparatus. In
the closed configuration shown in FIG. 35a, the valve prevents air
from flowing from the chamber through outlet ports, and prevents
powder from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge. FIG.
35b shows a cross sectional view of the cartridge 3410 and valve
3420 in the closed position, with outlet port uncovered. The
closing/opening actuation is achieved by squeezing the ends of the
valve through the side opening 3415 of the cartridge as seen in
FIG. 35a.
Example 7
[0223] FIGS. 36a and 36b illustrate a replaceable, edible and/or
biodegradable cartridge 3610 with a sealing one way dual flapper
valve 3620, actuated by inhalation/inspiration, in an aerosolizing
delivery apparatus 3600. The apparatus comprises a first member (or
mouthpiece) 3650 detachably connected to a replaceable cartridge
3610 that contains aerosolizable powder. A deflection member 3650
is located on an end of the first member 3600 opposed to the
cartridge 3610 and is configured to redirect aerosolized particles
to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation of the apparatus. In
the closed configuration, the valve 3620 prevents air from flowing
from the chamber through outlet ports 3640, and prevents powder
from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge. FIG. 36b shows
an underside (or cartridge) view of the bottom 3510 and bottom
flapper valve 3622 in the closed position, with outlet port 3640
covered.
Example 8
[0224] FIG. 37 shows a replaceable, edible and/or biodegradable
cartridge with a post-in-hole sealing or closing mechanism in an
aerosolizing delivery apparatus. The apparatus comprises a first
member (or mouthpiece) 3700 detachably connected to a replaceable
cartridge 3710 that contains aerosolizable powder. A deflection
member 3750 is located on an end of the first member 3700 opposed
to the cartridge 3710 and is configured to redirect aerosolized
particles to the sides of a user's mouth upon actuation of the
apparatus. The air intake ports 3708 and aerosol flow outlet port
3740 direct aerosolized powder towards the deflection member 3750.
The cartridge 3710 includes a cartridge inner member 3704 and an
outer member 3706, which are slidably connected. In the open
configuration shown in FIGS. 37c and 37d, the inner member 3704
telescopes upward and partially out of the outer member 3706,
whereby the cartridge outlet port 3740 is open. The inner member
3704 slides relative to the outer member 3706 such that pushing the
outer member 3706 up into the inner member 3704 brings a free end
of the post 3720 into outlet port 3740, whereby the cartridge is in
the closed closed configuration, and the outlet port 3740 is
sealed. The post-in-hole configuration prevents air from flowing
into the chamber of the first member through air intake port 3708
by covering the opening to the air intake portal with the upper
edge of outer member 3706. A closed orientation prevents powder
from becoming aerosolized and exiting the cartridge through outlet
port 3740 or spilled from the air inlet ports 3708. FIG. 37b and d
shows a cross sectional view of cartridge 3710 and post orientation
in the closed (FIG. 37b.) and open (FIG. 37d) positions. Also shown
in FIG. 37c are orientation guides 3730 for the slidable member,
which also aid in attaching the cartridge to the mouthpiece.
Example 9
[0225] FIG. 38 illustrates an example of an aerosolizing apparatus
4000. The apparatus includes a first member (or mouthpiece) 4600
detachably connected to a mounting carriage 4050 that supports a
replaceable, edible and/or biodegradable cartridge 4020 that
contains aerosolizable powder. A deflection member is located on a
first end of the first member 4600 opposed to the mounting carriage
4050 and is configured to redirect aerosolized particles to the
sides of a user's mouth upon actuation of the apparatus. Mounting
carriage 4050 connects with the mouthpiece or first member 4600
with dowels, pins, prongs, magnets, etc., 4030. Openings 4040 can
be present in the bottom of the mounting carriage 4050 when using
edible cartridges 4020. Edible cartridges can have at least one
outlet port 4060, be sized to be press fit into the first member
4600, and/or be held in place adjoining the first member 4600 by
the mounting carriage 4050. In certain examples, puncture prongs
are mounted to a carrying case designed to carry the apparatus with
or without at least one edible cartridge. The prongs mounted to the
case are then used to create small air inlet holes 4040 in the
edible cartridge 4020 by puncturing the bottom of the edible
cartridge 4020. The holes 4040 in the bottom of the mounting
carriage can be used to align the cartridge 4020 with the prongs in
the carrying case. The mounting carriage and edible cartridge are
then detachably connected to the mouthpiece, wherein a user inhales
pre-loaded powder via the first member. In addition to inhalation,
the user can eat the edible cartridge for a full flavor experience.
For example, candies and chocolates can be press molded into a
cartridge, breads or crusts can be used for cartridge material and
loaded with lyophilized or freeze dried powders processed from, for
example, sandwiches, pizzas, meats, etc.
* * * * *