Modular Structural Panel And Assembly Comprising Such Panels For The Construction Of A Building

Abstract

The present invention relates to a modular structural panel intended to form part of an inner or outer wall of a building, the structural panel including two facade panels parallel to each other. Both facade panels are connected by at least one first strut extending along a first direction of the structural panel and by a set of second struts extending along a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction, the second struts protruding from an edge of the structural panel by a distance D and the at least one first strut extending in a recessed manner from the opposed edge of the structural panel by a distance D' at least equal to the distance D, in order to allow the protruding parts of the adjacent panel in the building to be nested within the intermediary space between this first strut and the close edge of the structural panel.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a modular structural panel intended to constitute, with same modular structural panels and complementary panels, for forming the end or corner parts, the outer walls of a building or inner partition walls of a building.

[0002] Structural construction panels are known, comprising facade panels and horizontal cross-members connecting the facade panels to each other, which can be nested within each other in order to build, for example, a wall.

[0003] To perform nesting, the horizontal cross-members protrude from the lateral edges of the facade panels at one of their ends and have a size such that the ends protruding from the lateral edges can be nested within the other corresponding ends of the horizontal cross-members of the next structural panel in order to form the wall.

[0004] These panels can have problems of compression mechanical resistance, in particular when they have to withstand the high weight of a member of the construction, for example the roof.

[0005] FR 492 508 A describes a modular structural panel intended to form part of an inner or outer wall of a building, said structural panel comprising two facade panels parallel to each other, both facade panels being connected by at least one first strut extending along a first direction of the structural panel and by a set of second struts extending along a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction.

[0006] The invention relates to a modular structural panel intended to form part of an inner or outer wall of a building, said structural panel comprising two facade panels parallel to each other, both facade panels being connected by at least one first strut extending along a first direction of the structural panel and by a set of second struts extending along a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction, characterized in that said second struts protrude from an edge of said structural panel by a distance D and said at least one first strut extending in a recessed manner from the opposed edge of said structural panel by a distance D' at least equal to the distance D, in order to allow the protruding parts of the adjacent panel in the building to be nested within the intermediary space between this first strut and the close edge of said structural panel.

[0007] The modular structural panel according to the present invention can comprise a single first strut, which forms a vertical upright of said structural panel in mounting position and is arranged at a distance D from the closest edge of said structural panel, the set of second struts constituting horizontal cross-members abutting against the vertical upright in mounting position.

[0008] The struts can be assembled to both facade panels by the cooperation of ribs/grooves formed in the opposite sidewalls of said struts with grooves/ribs formed in the opposite inner faces of both facade panels, particularly by the cooperation of ribs formed in the opposite sidewalls of said struts with grooves formed in the opposite inner faces of both facade panels.

[0009] The assembly of the struts and both facade panels can be a tenon/mortise type assembly, particularly a dovetail assembly.

[0010] In a particular embodiment, the struts can be solid members, and the second struts can be constituted by two lateral bands the outer longitudinal faces of which are able to be attached against the opposite inner faces of the facade members.

[0011] In a second particular embodiment, the struts can each be constituted by two lateral rods the outer longitudinal faces of which are able to be attached against the opposite inner faces of the facade members and which can be joined by at least one connecting member perpendicular to said rods and advantageously adjustable in length in order to allow the spacing of both facade panels to be adjusted.

[0012] The connecting members can be screws with reversed screw pitches allowing, in a same movement, to move both facade panels away from/closer to each other.

[0013] The or each first strut can be intended to constitute a vertical upright of the panel in mounting position, and the second struts can each constitute a horizontal cross-member in mounting position, each cross-member being constituted by two lateral rods the outer longitudinal faces of which are intended to be applied and attached against the opposite inner faces of the facade members and which comprise, along their inner longitudinal faces, notches allowing the mounting of members of the connecting lug type.

[0014] The facade panels can comprise, along their edges, recesses allowing a nesting of the rabbeted type of said panel within an adjacent panel in the building exhibiting a complementary-shaped rabbet.

[0015] The facade panels can be constituted by a succession of at least two laths particularly nested within each other by a nesting of the rabbeted type.

[0016] A facade panel intended to be arranged outside in mounting position can have an extension oriented downwards in mounting position.

[0017] The modular structural panel according to the present invention can enclose an insulating material within at least one inner region therein between the struts.

[0018] The facade panels can be made of wood, the grain of the wood being advantageously arranged in order to be disposed at vertical in the mounting position of the vertical facade panels.

[0019] With such an arrangement of the grain of the wood, the withstanding of the structural load distribution by the facade panels is substantially improved due to the verticality of the grain of the wood.

[0020] The invention also relates to an assembly for the construction of a building comprising: [0021] modular structural panels such as defined above; [0022] panels for forming building corners comprising, for each corner: [0023] two outer panels one of the edges of which is beveled in order to form the outer corner itself and an inner panel parallel to one of the outer panels and assembled thereto by a vertical cross-member by a dovetail assembly; [0024] an outer panel intended to come in the extension of one of both above-mentioned outer panels and an inner panel parallel and assembled thereto by a vertical cross-member by a dovetail assembly; [0025] a corner post arranged within a cavity formed by the outer panels and the inner panels; or [0026] a corner post on which a facade panel can be fitted; [0027] an outer panel intended to be fitted on the corner post perpendicularly to said facade panel and an inner panel parallel and assembled thereto by a vertical cross-member by a dovetail assembly; and [0028] an inner post which is disposed within a cavity formed by the corner post, the outer panel and the cross-member, and on which a facade panel can be fitted; [0029] a sill plate on which the modular structural panels will be disposed, and a linking plate positioned on top of the modular structural panels in mounting position, the sill plate and the linking plate following the walls of the building.

[0030] The insulating material enclosed within the modular panels between the struts can advantageously be, for example, wood chips, expanding foam, cellulose wadding, glass wool or rock wool.

[0031] To better illustrate the subject-matter of the present invention, three particular embodiments of it will be described hereinafter, by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawing.

[0032] In this drawing:

[0033] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a structural panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, said panel being shown in its vertical position oriented to show, in a forward manner, the cross-members protruding from the vertical edges of both facade panels;

[0034] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the panel of FIG. 1 being turned over by 180.degree. in order to show the upright connecting both facade panels and arranged in a recessed manner with respect to the two vertical edges of both facade panels;

[0035] FIG. 3 is, on a larger scale, a horizontal cross-sectional view along III-III of FIG. 1;

[0036] FIG. 3a is, on a larger scale and with the rabbets being reversed, a view of the connection between two successive panels implemented according to a variant;

[0037] FIG. 4 is, also on a larger scale and with cutaways between the cross-members, a vertical cross-sectional view with a cutaway along IV-IV of FIG. 1;

[0038] FIGS. 5 and 6 are views similar to FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively, according to another variant of this embodiment;

[0039] FIG. 7 is a perspective schematic view of the walls of a building made of structural panels according to this first embodiment;

[0040] FIG. 8 is, on a larger scale, a horizontal cross-sectional view through the walls of the building of FIG. 7, with cutaways allowing to show the implementation of the corners of the building of FIG. 7;

[0041] FIG. 8a is a view similar to FIG. 8, showing an alternative embodiment;

[0042] FIG. 9 is a perspective view with cutaways of the corner part which is shown in a cross-sectional view in FIG. 8 and which is at the top right of the sheet containing FIG. 8, the inner facade panel being omitted in order to better illustrate the implementation of this corner part;

[0043] FIGS. 10-13 are views similar to FIGS. 1-4, respectively, of a second embodiment of a structural panel according to the present invention, FIGS. 12 and 13 being horizontal and vertical cross-sectional views, respectively, along X-X and XI-XI of FIG. 10, respectively, and FIGS. 10a and 11a being, on a larger scale, views of the upper part of FIGS. 10 and 11, respectively;

[0044] FIGS. 14 and 15 are views similar to FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively, of walls of a building made of structural panels according to this second embodiment;

[0045] FIGS. 16 and 17 are views similar to FIGS. 3 and 4 of a structural panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a structural panel according to a third embodiment being turned over by 180.degree. with respect to FIG. 17 in order to show the upright of this embodiment.

[0047] When referring to FIGS. 1-4, a structural panel 1 is shown according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The panel 1 is intended to form part of an outer wall of a building or to form part of an inner wall or an inner partition wall of a building.

[0048] The panel 1 will be described in reference to its vertical mounting position.

[0049] It comprises two facade panels 2, 3. In case where the panel 1 is intended to form part of an outer wall of a building, one panel will constitute the outer panel and the other will constitute the inner panel. In the example as shown, the panel 3 is intended to constitute the outer panel (see FIG. 4) and has a downward extension 3a formed by a notch 3b made along the lower horizontal edge of the panel 3.

[0050] Each panel 2 or 3 is composed of three laths, 2A, 2B, 2C and 3A, 3B, 3C, respectively. Each of these laths comprises, along a vertical edge, a first rabbet 4 and, along the opposed vertical edge, a second rabbet 5 according to a re-entrant angle which is opposed to that constituting the first rabbet 4.

[0051] A lath is assembled to the adjacent lath by a nesting of their opposed vertical edges, the nesting being made possible by the rabbets 4 and 5, respectively, of each of the two laths. The panels close to the panel 1, one of them (panel 1') being shown in dotted lines in FIG. 3, will be assembled to the panel 1 in the same manner, by nesting the opposed vertical edges of their end laths.

[0052] The panels 2 and 3 are assembled by means of four horizontal cross-members 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D and a vertical upright 7.

[0053] The horizontal cross-members 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are arranged at equal distance from each other, the cross-member 6A being arranged in the vicinity of the lower horizontal edges of the laths 2A, 2B, 2C and 3A, 3B, 3C, and the cross-member 6D being arranged in the same manner in the vicinity of the upper horizontal edges of said laths, and the cross-members 6B and 6C being arranged between the two previous cross-members such that the cross-members are arranged at equal distance from each other.

[0054] Each horizontal cross-member 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D extends along each of its two opposed sidewalls by a tenon 8 widening from the base to the end as a swallow tail, allowing to make a "dovetail" assembly with the panels 2 and 3 which comprise corresponding horizontal grooves 9.

[0055] Similarly, the upright 7 extends along its two vertical sidewalls by a tenon 10 widening from the base to the end as a swallow tail, allowing to make a "dovetail" assembly with the panels 2 and 3 which comprise vertical grooves 11 of corresponding shape.

[0056] In fact, these grooves 11 are made in the middle of the lath 2C and the lath 3C in the example as shown. The cross-members 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D abut against the upright 7 and protrude from the edges of the panels 2 and 3, that is, the edges of the laths 2A and 3A in the example as shown, by a distance D equal to the distance between the wall 7a of the upright 7 opposed to the cross-members 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D and the outer edge of the laths 2C and 3C.

[0057] In order to ensure a better sealing of a structure made using the panels 1, grooves R are provided at each rabbet 4 and 5 on the entire length of the panel. These grooves R have a semicircle profile and, when nesting each lath within each other, the grooves made on the rabbets 4 and those made on the rabbets 5 face each other such that the grooves R form a substantially cylindrical space in which a seal (not shown) could be inserted. The seal is generally a flexible seal, for example made of silicone.

[0058] Each lath of the respective panels, as well as the cross-members and the upright, will be made of wood. Ideally, the laths will be made such that the grain of the wood thereof will be parallel to the longitudinal edge of the panels. In so doing, the panels could better withstand, in assembly position, the vertical loads associated with a load supported by the panels, such as that caused by roof members.

[0059] In FIG. 3a, an alternative embodiment of the connection between two successive panels 3A and 3B is shown, the rabbet 4 comprising a reservation bevel 4a for the seal and the outer edge of the panel 3B comprising a notch 5a to provide a non-connecting aspect when it is required.

[0060] In FIGS. 5 and 6, it can be noted that the cross-members are each limited to two lateral bands 6A1, 6A2; 6B1, 6B2; 6C1, 6C2; and 6D1, 6D2, respectively.

[0061] When referring to FIG. 7, a building B, the walls of which have been built using a set of panels 1 according to the first embodiment is shown.

[0062] The building B has a door opening P and a window opening F. The building is arranged on a slab d, such as a concrete slab. In order to mount the walls, a sill plate LB, such as a wood sill plate on which the panels 1 could be disposed, is arranged on the slab d. This sill plate LB is attached on the concrete slab, for example by screwing. When the set of panels are assembled to each other on the sill plate, a linking plate LC is then arranged on the set of panels 1, on top of them. This linking plate LC constitutes the belt of the building.

[0063] Cutaways are made in FIG. 7, in order to show the panels 1. On these cutaways, cross-members 6B and 6C as well as uprights 7 can be seen.

[0064] When referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, a horizontal cross-section view through the walls of the building B is shown in FIG. 8, and a perspective view is shown in FIG. 9 with cutaways of the corner which is shown in a cross-section view in FIG. 8 and which is at the top right thereof. The assembly of the corners of this building will be described below using these two figures.

[0065] In FIG. 8, the corners of the building B are each made from two corner members. The corner at the top left in FIG. 8 has two members 12 and 13. The member 12 and the member 13 are each configured to receive a panel 1 on the protruding cross member side, respectively.

[0066] The member 12 is constituted by two outer laths 14 and 15 arranged at 90.degree. to each other, the sidewalls of both outer laths 14 and 15 being beveled for forming the corner. On each respective sidewall of the laths 14 and 15 forming the corner, a groove R with a semicircle profile is provided along the entire length of the laths 14 and 15. When the corner is mounted, the grooves R form a substantially cylindrical space in which a seal (not shown) could be inserted. The member 13 also has an inner lath 16.

[0067] The outer lath 15 comprises, along the vertical edge opposed to the beveled sidewall and intended to receive the panel 1, a rabbet 17 configured to receive the corresponding rabbet 4 of the panel 1. The rabbet 17 has, on its entire length, a groove R with a semicircle profile. Similarly, the inner lath also has a rabbet 18 configured to receive the corresponding rabbet 4 of the panel 1. The rabbet 18 has, on its entire length, a groove R with a semicircle profile. Thus, when the panel 1 will be assembled to the corner member 12, the grooves R on the rabbets 4 of the panel 1 and the grooves R on the respective rabbets 17 and 18 will form a respective substantially cylindrical space in which a seal could be inserted.

[0068] The outer lath 15 and the inner lath 16 are assembled by an upright 19. The upright 19 extends along its two vertical sidewalls by a tenon 20 widening from the base to the end as a swallow tail, allowing to make a "dovetail" assembly with the laths 15 and 16 which comprise vertical grooves 21 and 22, respectively, of corresponding shape.

[0069] The member 12 comprises, on its entire length, a corner piece 23 arranged along the corner formed by the inner faces 14a and 15a of the inner lath 14 and the inner lath 15, respectively. The corner piece is attached to the outer laths 14 and 15 by screwing.

[0070] A corner post 24 is inserted within the cavity formed by the upright 19 and the laths 14, 15 and 16. The corner post 24 is attached to the outer lath 14 by screwing. The corner post 24 and the upright are screwed to each other by a plurality of screws.

[0071] A mounting angle 25 allows to attach the member to the sill plate LB. This attachment is made by screwing the mounting angle 25 to the upright 19 and the sill plate LB.

[0072] Each lath of the corner member 12 as well as the upright 19 and the corner post 24 will be made of wood. Similarly to the laths of the panels, the laths of the corner member will be made such that the grain of the wood will be vertical in mounting position.

[0073] The member 13 is constituted by an outer lath 26 and an inner lath 27. The outer lath 26 has, along the vertical edge intended to receive a panel 1, a rabbet 28 corresponding to the rabbet 4 of the panel 1. The rabbet 28 has, on its entire length, a groove R with a semicircle profile. Similarly, the inner lath 27 also has a rabbet 29 configured to receive the corresponding rabbet 4 of the panel 1. The rabbet 29 has, on its entire length, a groove R with a semicircle profile. When the panel 1 is assembled to the corner member 13, the grooves R on the rabbets 4 of the panel 1 and the grooves R on the respective rabbets 28 and 29 will form a respective substantially cylindrical space in which a seal could be inserted.

[0074] The outer lath 26 and the inner lath 27 are assembled by an upright 30. The upright 30 extends along its two vertical edges by a tenon 31 widening from the base to the end as a swallow tail, allowing to make a "dovetail" assembly with the laths 26 and 27 which comprise vertical grooves 32 and 33, respectively, of corresponding shape.

[0075] The sidewall opposed to the sidewall having the rabbet 29 of the inner lath 27 is aligned with the longitudinal edge of the upright 30.

[0076] Each lath of the corner member 13 as well as the upright 30 will be made of wood. Similarly to the laths of the panels and the corner member 12, the grain of the wood of the laths will be vertical in assembly position.

[0077] The member 13 is assembled to the member 12, the upright 30 of the member 13 abutting against the inner lath 16 of the member 12. The outer lath 14 of the member 13 has, along its sidewall opposed to the beveled sidewall, a rabbet 34. The outer lath 26 of the member 13 has, on its sidewall opposed to the sidewall which receives the panel 1, a rabbet 35 with a re-entrant angle opposed to that of the rabbet 34 such that the outer lath 14 and the outer lath 26 can be nested with each other. Similarly to the nesting of the laths of a panel according to the invention, the rabbets 34 and 35 each have a groove R on their entire length and which form a substantially cylindrical space when the members 12 and 13 are assembled and the grooves R face each other. The space thus created can contain a seal.

[0078] The member 12 and the member 13 are assembled by screwing the upright 30 of the member 13 to the inner lath 16 of the member 12 by a plurality of screws. Also, the corner post 24 of the member 12 will be screwed to the laths 14 and 26 of the respective members 12 and 13.

[0079] A mounting angle 36 allows to attach the member to the sill plate LB. This attachment is made by screwing the mounting angle 36 to the upright 30 and the sill plate LB.

[0080] In order to build the corners from wood laths with constant sizes, and for aesthetic reasons of length of corner members, the other corner members will be slightly different. The common members of the corners will be not described again and still have the same reference numerals.

[0081] The right-hand corners in FIG. 8 have two corner members 12' and 13'. The member 12' is configured to receive a panel 1 on the upright side and the member 13' is configured to receive a panel 1 on the protruding cross-member side.

[0082] In practice, the differences between the members 12 and 12' are the angle of the rabbets. Thus, the member 12' has laths 14', 15' and 16' which comprise rabbets 17', 18' and 34' the re-entrant angle of which is inverted with respect to the respective rabbets 17, 18 and 34 of the corner member 12. It allows the member 12' to receive a panel 1 on the upright side.

[0083] Similarly, the member 13' has laths 26' and 27' which comprise rabbets 28', 29' and 35' the re-entrant angle of which is inverted with respect to the respective rabbets 28, 29 and 35 of the member 13. Thus, the member 13' can receive a panel 1 on the protruding cross member side.

[0084] The left-hand bottom corner in FIG. 8 has a corner member 13 identical to the corner at the top left, configured to receive a panel 1 on the protruding cross member side. However, this corner has a member 12'' configured to receive a panel 1 on the upright side and to be assembled to a member 13. Thus, the member 12'' has laths 15' and 16' identical to the right-hand corners and a lath 14 identical to the left-hand upper corner.

[0085] The assemblies of each corner are identical, only the angles of the rabbets of the corner parts can vary from one corner to another.

[0086] In order to mount the building, the sill plate LB, which sets the building structure, is attached on the concrete slab d. Then, first corner members 12 and 13 are arranged in a first corner. The panels 1 could then be easily nested with each other in order to constitute the building walls.

[0087] In FIG. 8a, an alternative embodiment of FIG. 8 is shown, in which a corner post P.sub.angle shows the combination of pieces 12, 14, 16, 19 and 24 of FIG. 8, and an inner post P.sub.int is arranged in the space between the pieces P.sub.angle, 26 and 30.

[0088] When referring to FIGS. 10-13, a second embodiment of a modular structural panel 100 according to the present invention is shown. Only the members of this second embodiment which differ from those of the first embodiment will be described, the common members still having the same reference numerals.

[0089] The cross-members 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are replaced with cross-members 106A, 106B, 106C and 106D which are each constituted by two lateral rods 137 connected to each other by a connecting member 138.

[0090] Each of the lateral rods 137 externally has the tenon part 8 intended to cooperate with a groove 9 of the inner faces of the panels 2 and 3.

[0091] The connecting member 138 is arranged in the vicinity of the edge of the panel 100 from which the cross-members 106A-106D protrude. It consists in a screw with two reversed screw pitches 138a, 138b (see FIG. 12), each being attached by its end to a rod 137 of the associated cross-member, an operation of the middle part 138c allowing to adjust the spacing of both rods 137 of the associated cross-member and, therefore, both panels 2 and 3.

[0092] The upright 7 is replaced with the upright 107 which is constituted by two lateral rods 139 connected to each other by connecting members 140.

[0093] Each of the rods 139 externally has the tenon part 10 intended to cooperate with the groove part 11 of the inner faces of both panels 2 and 3.

[0094] The connecting members 140 are four in number and evenly distributed on the entire height of the panel 100 viewed in its mounting position. Each connecting member consists in a screw with two reverse screw pitches 140a, 140b (see FIG. 12), each being attached by its end to a rod 139 of the upright 107, an operation of the middle part 140c allowing to adjust the spacing of both rods 139 and, therefore, both panels 2 and 3.

[0095] Similarly to the panel 1, the different members constituting the panel 100, such as the connecting rods 137 and 139 as well as the screws 138 and 140, will be made of wood.

[0096] When referring to FIG. 14, a building B', the walls of which have been built using a set of panels 100 according to the second embodiment, is shown.

[0097] On the cutaways shown in FIG. 14, the position of different cross-members 106B, 106C and 106D, as well as the uprights 107, can be seen. For clarity purposes, the connecting screws 138 and 140 are shown without their threads.

[0098] When referring to FIG. 15, a horizontal cross-sectional view through the walls of the building B' of FIG. 12 is shown. The corner members which are identical to those described in the first embodiment will not be described again.

[0099] When referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, a third embodiment of a modular structural panel 200 according to the present invention is shown. Only the members of this third embodiment which differ from those of the first and second embodiments will be described, the common members still having the same reference numerals.

[0100] The cross-members 106A, 106B, 106C and 106D are replaced with cross-members 206A, 206B, 206C and 206D which are each constituted by two lateral rods 237 connected to each other by a connecting member 238 of the connecting lug type.

[0101] Each of the lateral rods 237 externally has the tenon part 8 intended to cooperate with a groove 9 of the inner faces of the panels 2 and 3.

[0102] The connecting member 238 is arranged in the vicinity of the edge of the panel 200 from which the cross-members 206A-206D protrude. Each lateral rod has a groove 241 which is formed only on part of said lateral rod, in the upper part of the rod. The groove 241 is formed on the side opposed to the side on which the tenon 8 is disposed. Each connecting member 238 comprises, at each of its ends, a tenon 242 able to cooperate with a groove 241. The tenons 242 are inserted within the corresponding grooves of each opposed lateral rod and abut against the bottom of each groove. Each groove 241 and each tenon 242 form a dovetail type connecting assembly.

[0103] The upright 107 is replaced with the upright 207 which is constituted by two lateral rods 239 connected to each other by connecting members 240 of the connecting lug type. Each of the rods 239 externally has the tenon part 10 intended to cooperate with the groove part 11 of the inner faces of both panels 2 and 3.

[0104] The connecting members 240 are four in number and evenly distributed on the entire height of the panel 200 viewed in its mounting position. Each lateral rod has four notches 243. These notches are narrowed from their base to their apex leading to the inner space of the panels between the faces 2 and 3. The notches 243 are not provided on the entire thickness of the lateral rod 239 to which they belong. Each connecting member 240 has, at each of its ends, a tenon 244 able to cooperate with the notches 243 of each lateral rod 239. Each tenon will be inserted within the notches and abut against the bottom thereof. Each notch 243 and each tenon 244 form a dovetail type connecting assembly. The outer face of the connecting members 240 comes up to the outer face of the rods 239 on the end which will receive the protruding cross-members of the next panel when assembling thereof.

[0105] Similarly to the panels 1 and 100, the members of the panels 200, such as the rods 237 and 239 and the connecting members 238 and 240, are made of wood.

Claims

1. A modular structural panel intended to form part of an inner or outer wall of a building, the structural panel comprising two facade panels parallel to each other, both facade panels being connected by at least one first strut extending along a first direction of the structural panel and by a set of second struts extending along a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction, wherein the second struts protrude from an edge of the structural panel by a distance D and the at least one first strut extends in a recessed manner from the opposed edge of the structural panel by a distance D' at least equal to the distance D, in order to allow the protruding parts of the adjacent panel in the building to be nested within the intermediary space between this first strut and the close edge of the structural panel.

2. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, comprising a single first strut, which forms a vertical upright of the structural panel in mounting position and is arranged at a distance D from the closest edge of the structural panel, the set of second struts constituting horizontal cross-members abutting against the vertical upright in mounting position.

3. The structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the struts are assembled to both facade panels by the cooperation of ribs/grooves formed in the opposite sidewalls of the struts with grooves/ribs formed in the opposite inner faces of both facade panels.

4. The structural panel according to claim 3, wherein the struts are assembled by the cooperation of ribs formed in the opposite sidewalls of the struts with grooves formed in the opposite inner faces of both facade panels.

5. The modular structural panel according to claim 4, wherein the assembly of the struts and both facade panels is a tenon/mortise type assembly.

6. The modular structural panel according to claim 5, wherein the assembly of the struts and both facade panels is a dovetail assembly.

7. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the struts are solid members.

8. The modular structural panel according to claim 7, wherein the second struts are constituted by two lateral bands the outer longitudinal faces of which are able to be attached against the opposite inner faces of the facade members.

9. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the struts are each constituted by two lateral rods the outer longitudinal faces of which are able to be attached against the opposite inner faces of the facade members and which can be joined by at least one connecting member perpendicular to the rods.

10. The modular structural panel according to claim 9, wherein the at least one connecting member is adjustable in length in order to allow the spacing of both facade panels to be adjusted.

11. The modular structural panel according to claim 9, wherein the connecting members are screws with reversed screw pitches allowing, in a same movement, to move both facade panels away from/closer to each other.

12. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the or each first strut is intended to constitute a vertical upright of the panel in mounting position, and the second struts each constitute a horizontal cross-member in mounting position, each cross-member being constituted by two lateral rods the outer longitudinal faces of which are intended to be applied and attached against the opposite inner faces of the facade members and which comprise, along their inner longitudinal faces, notches allowing the mounting of members of the connecting lug type.

13. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the facade panels comprise, along their edges, recesses allowing a nesting of the rabbeted type of the panel within an adjacent panel in the building exhibiting a complementary-shaped rabbet.

14. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the facade panels are constituted by a succession of at least two laths particularly nested within each other by a nesting of the rabbeted type.

15. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein a facade panel intended to be arranged outside in mounting position has an extension oriented downwards in mounting position.

16. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein it encloses an insulating material within at least one inner region therein between the struts.

17. The modular structural panel according to claim 1, wherein the facade panels are made of wood.

18. The modular structural panel according to claim 17, wherein the grain of the wood is arranged in order to be disposed at vertical in the mounting position of the vertical facade panels.

19. An assembly for the construction of a building comprising: modular structural panels such as defined in claim 1; panels for forming building corners comprising, for each corner: two outer panels one of the edges of which is beveled in order to form the outer corner itself and an inner panel parallel to one of the outer panels and assembled thereto by a vertical cross-member by a dovetail assembly; an outer panel intended to come in the extension of one of both above-mentioned outer panels and an inner panel parallel and assembled thereto by a vertical cross-member by a dovetail assembly; a corner post arranged within a cavity formed by the outer panels and the inner panels; a sill plate on which the modular structural panels will be disposed, and a linking plate positioned on top of the modular structural panels in mounting position, the sill plate and the linking plate following the walls of the building.

20. The assembly for the construction of a building comprising: modular structural panels such as defined in claim 1; panels for forming building corners comprising, for each corner: a corner post on which a facade panel can be fitted; an outer panel intended to be fitted on the corner post perpendicularly to said facade panel and an inner panel parallel and assembled thereto by a vertical cross-member by a dovetail assembly; and an inner post which is disposed in a cavity formed by the corner post, the outer panel and the cross-member, and on which a facade panel can be fitted; a sill plate on which the modular structural panels will be disposed, and a linking plate positioned on top of the modular structural panels in mounting position, the sill plate and the linking plate following the walls of the building.