U.S. patent application number 15/786509 was filed with the patent office on 2018-04-19 for multi-mode wirelessly rechargeable battery system.
The applicant listed for this patent is POWERSPHYR INC.. Invention is credited to David F. MENG, William B. WRIGHT.
Application Number | 20180109148 15/786509 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60191555 |
Filed Date | 2018-04-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180109148 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
MENG; David F. ; et
al. |
April 19, 2018 |
MULTI-MODE WIRELESSLY RECHARGEABLE BATTERY SYSTEM
Abstract
A device including a processor configured to identify a power
transferring unit, to determine a range configuration relative to
the power transferring unit, and to determine a power status of the
device is provided. The device includes a first antenna configured
to receive an oscillating power signal from the power transferring
device at a first selected frequency based on the range
configuration relative to the power transferring device, and on the
power status of the device. The device includes a rectifier circuit
configured to convert the oscillating power signal from the first
antenna at the first selected frequency into a direct-current
signal to charge an energy storage medium. The rectifier circuit is
configured to provide the direct-current signal to an appliance
coupled with the device. A method for using the above device and a
non-transitory, computer-readable medium including instructions to
use the above device are also provided.
Inventors: |
MENG; David F.; (San Ramon,
CA) ; WRIGHT; William B.; (Boca Raton, FL) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
POWERSPHYR INC. |
Danville |
CA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
60191555 |
Appl. No.: |
15/786509 |
Filed: |
October 17, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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62409802 |
Oct 18, 2016 |
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62409806 |
Oct 18, 2016 |
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62409811 |
Oct 18, 2016 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01Q 9/30 20130101; H02J
7/027 20130101; H02J 50/12 20160201; H02J 7/025 20130101; H02J
50/90 20160201; H04B 5/0075 20130101; H01Q 3/04 20130101; H04B
5/0037 20130101; H04B 5/0093 20130101; H02J 50/10 20160201; H02J
50/23 20160201; H01Q 7/00 20130101; H01Q 19/10 20130101; H02M 1/12
20130101; H01Q 9/42 20130101; H02J 7/0029 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H02J 50/12 20060101
H02J050/12; H04B 5/00 20060101 H04B005/00 |
Claims
1. A device comprising: a processor configured to identify a power
transferring unit, to determine a range configuration relative to
the power transferring unit, and to determine a power status of the
device; a first antenna configured to receive an oscillating power
signal from the power transferring device at a first selected
frequency based on the range configuration relative to the power
transferring device, and on the power status of the device; and a
rectifier circuit configured to convert the oscillating power
signal from the first antenna at the first selected frequency into
a direct-current signal to charge an energy storage medium, wherein
the rectifier circuit is further configured to provide the
direct-current signal to an appliance coupled with the device.
2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a memory storing
instructions which cause the processor to communicate with a
processor in the appliance and to provide an identification of the
power transferring device, the range configuration relative to the
power transferring device and the power status of the device, to
the appliance.
3. The device of claim 1, further comprising a flex circuit
embedding the processor and the first antenna in a casing
configured in a standard AA shape.
4. The device of claim 1, further comprising a second antenna
configured to receive an inductively coupled magnetic power signal
from the power transferring device at a second selected frequency
when the processor determines a near field range configuration
relative to the power transferring device and a power level lower
than a threshold as the power status of the device.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit comprises a
balancing circuit configured to receive a differential input from
the oscillating power signal from the first antenna.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the first antenna is configured
to detect multiple wireless signals operating at multiple
frequencies, the processor further configured to tune the first
antenna at a frequency of one of the multiple wireless signals and
to cause the rectifier circuit to convert the one of the wireless
signals into the direct-current signal.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit comprises a
matching circuit configured to balance a differential coupling of
the first antenna to provide the direct-current signal to the
appliance.
8. A method, comprising: identifying, by a rechargeable battery, a
power transferring unit in a proximity of the rechargeable battery;
determining a range configuration between the power transferring
unit and the rechargeable battery; determining a power status of
the rechargeable battery; selecting a first antenna in the power
receiving unit based on the range configuration between the power
transferring unit and the rechargeable battery, and on the power
status of the rechargeable battery; receiving, with the first
antenna, an oscillating power signal from the power transferring
unit at a selected frequency; converting the oscillating power
signal from the power transferring unit at the selected frequency
into a direct-current signal; and providing the direct-current
signal to a mobile device coupled with the rechargeable
battery.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein converting the oscillating power
signal from the power transferring unit at the selected frequency
into a direct-current signal comprises balancing a differential
input from the first antenna.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein receiving, with the first
antenna, an oscillating power signal from the power transferring
unit comprises tuning a radio-frequency amplifier circuit coupled
to the first antenna at the selected frequency in the rechargeable
battery.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein selecting a first antenna in the
rechargeable battery comprises selecting a radio-frequency antenna
to receive a directed radio-frequency power when the range
configuration between the power transferring unit and the
rechargeable battery is within a far field, and selecting an
inductively coupled antenna when the range configuration between
the power transferring unit and the rechargeable battery is within
a near field.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein selecting the first antenna in
the rechargeable battery comprises selecting a radio-frequency
antenna configured to receive a propagating, directed
radio-frequency signal as the oscillating power signal when the
range configuration between the power transferring unit and the
rechargeable battery is beyond a near field configuration and
within a far field configuration.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein selecting the first antenna in
the rechargeable battery comprises simultaneously selecting a
radio-frequency antenna configured to receive a propagating,
directed radio-frequency signal and an inductively coupled antenna,
when the range configuration between the power transferring unit
and the rechargeable battery is within a near field
configuration.
14. The method of claim 8, further comprising receiving, in a
reserve battery, at least a first portion of the direct-current
signal, and providing at least a second portion of the
direct-current signal from the reserve battery to a mobile
electronic device coupled with the rechargeable battery.
15. The method of claim 8, further comprising: receiving, in a
wireless receiver, multiple wireless signals operating at multiple
frequencies, tuning the at least one power receiving circuit at a
frequency of one of the wireless signals, and converting, in a
rectifier circuit, the one of the wireless signals into the
direct-current signal.
16. The method claim 8, further comprising identifying a sensitive
region in the mobile device and selecting a mode of power transfer
based on the sensitive region.
17. A non-transitory, computer readable medium storing instructions
which, when executed by a processor in a mobile computing device,
cause the mobile computing device to perform a method, comprising:
receiving, from a rechargeable battery in the mobile computing
device, an identification of a power transferring unit, a range
configuration between the mobile computing device and the power
transferring unit, and a power status of the rechargeable battery;
providing, in a display for a user of the mobile computing device,
the power status of the rechargeable battery; requesting, from the
user, an authorization to recharge the rechargeable battery with
the power transferring unit; and providing to the rechargeable
battery a selected mode of power transfer from the power
transferring unit based on the range configuration between the
mobile computing device and the power transferring unit, and the
power status of the rechargeable battery.
18. The non-transitory, computer readable medium of claim 17,
further comprising instructions for receiving, from the
rechargeable battery, an identification of an appliance proximal to
the mobile computing device, a power status of the appliance, and a
request to transfer a power signal to the appliance.
19. The non-transitory, computer readable medium of claim 17,
further comprising instructions for receiving, from the
rechargeable battery, an identification of a radiating power signal
available for recharging the rechargeable battery, and a request to
authorize the rechargeable battery to harvest the radiating power
signal.
20. The non-transitory, computer readable medium of claim 17,
further comprising instructions for selecting a mode of power
transfer based on a sensitive region in the mobile computing
device.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Patent Application Ser. No. 62/409,802, entitled "INTELLIGENT
MULTI-MODE WIRELESS POWER SYSTEM," to U.S. Provisional Patent
Application Ser. No. 62/409,806, entitled "MULTI-MODE ENERGY
RECEIVER SYSTEM," and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser.
No. 62/409,811, entitled "MULTI-MODE WIRELESSLY RECHARGEABLE
BATTERY SYSTEM," all to David F. Meng and William B. Wright, and
filed on Oct. 18, 2016, the contents of which are hereby
incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
Field of the Disclosure
[0002] The present disclosure relates to receiving wireless power
in electric or electronic devices and more particularly to
improving the wireless reception of power to devices for charging
and/or sustaining power to those device loads.
Description of the Related Art
[0003] Common electric or electronic devices consume significant
levels of electric power with use and a considerable amount of
usage occurs while away from main alternate current (AC) power
sources traditionally used to supply power to such devices. Due to
battery storage limitations, the need for frequent recharging
exists in order to sustain device operation. Furthermore, the
prevalence of portable electronic devices and devices operating in
areas where immediate physical connection with a traditional power
source is unavailable, has resulted in increased complexity for
management and maintenance of connected electrical power adapters
and traditional power sources dependent on power conducting
cables.
[0004] Current solutions to this problem are based on a singular
type of wireless power transfer typically involving restrictions on
use and distance that result in either higher power at short
distances or lower power at greater distances.
SUMMARY
[0005] In certain embodiments, a device is provided that includes a
processor configured to identify a power transferring unit, to
determine a range configuration relative to the power transferring
unit, and to determine a power status of the device. The device
further includes a first antenna configured to receive an
oscillating power signal from the power transferring device at a
first selected frequency based on the range configuration relative
to the power transferring device, and on the power status of the
device. The device also includes a rectifier circuit configured to
convert the oscillating power signal from the first antenna at the
first selected frequency into a direct-current signal to charge an
energy storage medium, wherein the rectifier circuit is further
configured to provide the direct-current signal to an appliance
coupled with the device.
[0006] In certain embodiments, a method is provided that includes
identifying, by a rechargeable battery, a power transferring unit
in a proximity of the rechargeable battery and determining a range
configuration between the power transferring unit and the
rechargeable battery. The method includes determining a power
status of the rechargeable battery, and selecting a first antenna
in the power receiving unit based on the range configuration
between the power transferring unit and the rechargeable battery,
and on the power status of the rechargeable battery. The method
also includes receiving, with the first antenna, an oscillating
power signal from the power transferring unit at a selected
frequency, converting the oscillating power signal from the power
transferring unit at the selected frequency into a direct-current
signal, and providing the direct-current signal to a mobile device
coupled with the rechargeable battery.
[0007] In certain embodiments, a non-transitory, computer-readable
medium is provided that stores instructions which, when executed by
a processor in a mobile computing device, cause the mobile
computing device to perform a method including receiving, from a
rechargeable battery in the mobile computing device, an
identification of a power transferring unit, a range configuration
between the mobile computing device and the power transferring
unit, and a power status of the rechargeable battery. The
non-transitory, computer-readable medium also stores instructions
for providing, in a display for a user of the mobile computing
device, the power status of the rechargeable battery, requesting,
from the user, an authorization to recharge the rechargeable
battery with the power transferring unit, and for providing to the
rechargeable battery a selected mode of power transfer from the
power transferring unit based on the range configuration between
the mobile computing device and the power transferring unit, and
the power status of the rechargeable battery.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1A is a schematic illustration of a system for
providing intelligent wireless power to a device load, including a
power transfer unit (PTU) and a power receiving unit (PRU),
according to some embodiments.
[0009] FIG. 1B is a schematic illustration of a PRU, according to
some embodiments.
[0010] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a PRU, according to some
embodiments.
[0011] FIGS. 3A-B illustrate rectifier circuits used in RF to DC
current conversion in a PRU, according to some embodiments.
[0012] FIGS. 4A-C illustrate rectified waveforms as provided by a
rectifier circuit in a PRU, according to some embodiments.
[0013] FIGS. 5A-C illustrate rectified waveforms as provided by a
rectifier circuit in a PRU, according to some embodiments.
[0014] FIGS. 6A-B illustrate block diagrams of a RF to a DC
conversion circuit, according to some embodiments.
[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates a multi-mode wirelessly rechargeable
battery in a standard AA form factor, according to some
embodiments.
[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates multi-mode wirelessly rechargeable
batteries in multiple load devices, according to some
embodiments.
[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates a mobile device casing having slots and
related features that may interfere with a power transfer process
to a rechargeable battery, according to some embodiments.
[0018] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating steps in a method for
managing, from a power receiving unit, a power transfer from a PTU,
according to some embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0019] In autonomous, mobile electronic appliances, power
management is an issue that has direct impact in the performance
and market advantage for the device. Thus, in many applications it
is desirable to have extra mobility and autonomy for users as
provided by embodiments disclosed herein. For example, in the area
of medical devices such as implanted pacemakers and the like,
having autonomy from battery recharge is desired as much as
technologically feasible. Indeed, battery replacement in such
configurations may involve complicated medical, or even surgical
procedures. To the extent that these procedures can be avoided, or
made more infrequent, embodiments as disclosed herein provide an
extended power lifetime of the battery of such devices. The present
disclosure provides embodiments of intelligent systems that provide
a multi-mode wireless power delivery solution without the
limitations of conventional systems.
[0020] In the field of automotive applications, some embodiments as
disclosed herein provide a central power receiving unit that may be
installed or coupled with a mobile device (e.g., cell phones,
laptops, notepads, and the like) for charging within the enclosure
of a car. Accordingly, in embodiments as disclosed herein a driver
can focus on the road rather than in looking for a plug to connect
a power cord for a device, thereby enhancing road safety.
[0021] In one aspect, the present disclosure includes a system and
method of receiving wireless power intelligently in a device.
Accordingly, embodiments consistent with the present disclosure
receive a directed power signal wirelessly from a power
transferring unit (PTU) in a power receiving unit (PRU) in a first
mode of operation (e.g., when the PRU is in the proximity of a far
field range of the PTU). In other aspects, embodiments as disclosed
herein include receiving a field (e.g., a resonant magnetic field)
wirelessly and inductively coupling the field in the PRU at a
resonant frequency of a receiver circuit in a second mode of
operation (e.g., when the PRU is in the proximity of a near field
range of the PTU). Accordingly, in embodiments consistent with the
present disclosure, a power transfer from the PTU to the PRU is
managed selectively and efficiently. Embodiments as disclosed
herein receive power as desired in the first mode of operation, the
second mode of operation, or a combination of both modes
simultaneously. Furthermore, embodiments as disclosed herein take
into consideration a power requirement of the PRU, and its range
relative to the PTU. In some embodiments, multiple PRU's may
receive power from a single PTU, wherein the PRUs are sorted
according to a prioritization based on the power requirements and
range of each PRU relative to the PTU.
[0022] In one embodiment, the PRU includes a far field receiver
configured to wirelessly receive the directed power signal
transmitted from the far field transmitter. The PRU may also
include a capture resonator configured to inductively capture
resonant magnetic power in the near field generated by the source
resonator.
[0023] The frequency range of the power received in embodiments
consistent with the present disclosure may include, without
limitation, a radio-frequency (RF), a low-frequency (LF) inductive
magnetic, a high-frequency (HF) resonant magnetic field, or any
combination of the above. For example, frequency of any power
received may be, but is not limited to, any frequency between about
80 kHz to about 300 kHz (e.g., 110 kHz, 232 kHz, 250 kHz, 278 kHz,
915 MHz, 6.78 MHz, 13.56 MHz, 2.4 GHz or 5.8 GHz).
[0024] Some embodiments include a method of managing multimode
receipt of wireless power. The method includes optimizing the
wireless transfer of power from the PTU in at least the first mode
of operation, the second mode of operation, or the two modes of
operation simultaneously. The method includes capturing and
receiving the optimized power transferred wirelessly over varying
distances by one or more power receiving units (PRU's). Some
embodiments include a micro-controller circuit (MCC) configured to
dynamically update a status of a range configuration between the
PRU and the PTU to maximize the amount of power transferred between
the devices in a dual mode, when available. Furthermore, some
embodiments include a power harvesting configuration that exploits
the large amount of unused digital data propagating at RF
frequencies wirelessly to convert the digital signals into power
transferred to the PRU. In such configuration, the MCC includes the
reception and availability of the digital signals for harvesting.
Moreover, in some embodiments the MCC is further configured to
prioritize the desire for power for one or more PRU's in close
proximity of the PTU. Thus, the load on the PTU is optimized for
the needs of the one or multiple PRU's benefiting from the power
transfer.
[0025] The present disclosure addresses the shortcomings of
existing single-mode wireless power receiving systems such as low
power transfer from a far field source or the limited spatial
freedom of near field power transfer inherent to these
technologies. At the same time, embodiments consistent with the
present disclosure obviate a need for traditional wired or cabled
power delivery methods. Advantages of the present disclosure
include increased efficiency, added redundancy for applications
where critical loss of available power could be detrimental to the
user and optional spatial versatility when lower power transfer
rates are acceptable while providing power to or charging an
electric or electronic device.
[0026] FIG. 1A illustrates a system 10 for receiving intelligent
wireless power in a device in accordance with the principles of the
present disclosure. System 10 includes PTU 12 and PRU 14. PTU 12 is
configured to transmit a directed power signal 16 wirelessly in a
first mode of operation to PRU 14. In some embodiments, PTU 12 is
further configured to generate an inductively coupled power signal
(e.g., a resonant magnetic field) 18 wirelessly in a second mode of
operation. PRU 14 is configured to receive the directed power
signal 16 from PTU 12 when PRU 14 is in the far field range of PTU
12. Further, PRU 14 is also configured to receive a resonant
magnetic field in the second mode when PRU 14 is in the proximity
of a near field range of PTU 12.
[0027] In some embodiments, PRU 14 includes a micro-computer
circuit (MCC) 36, which is a processor configured to identify PTU
12, to determine a range configuration between PRU 14 and PTU 12,
and to determine a power status of PRU 14.
[0028] PRU 14 may also include a first antenna 46, and a second
antenna 56. Antennas 46 and 56 may be configured to receive
oscillating power signals (e.g., directed propagating power signal
16 and inductively coupled power signal 18) from PTU 12. Each of
directed propagating power signal 18 and inductively coupled power
signal 16 may oscillate at a selected frequency. For example, in
some embodiments directed propagating power signal 18 is a RF
signal at about 915 MHz, and inductively coupled power signal 16 is
a RF magnetic field oscillating at 6.7 MHz, or at any frequency in
a range between about 80 kHz to 300 kHz. The frequency of
oscillation of signals 18 and 16 may be indicative of the range
configuration of PRU 14 relative to PTU 12. For example, in a far
field range configuration a directed propagating RF signal
oscillating at approximately 915 MHz (signal 16) may be desirable.
And a in a near field range configuration an inductively coupled
power signal oscillating at approximately 6.7 MHz or even lower
(e.g., 80-300 kHz) may be desirable. In some embodiments, the
choice between receiving power from directed propagating RF signal
16, from inductively coupled power signal 18, or from any
combination of both, is selected by MCC 36 based on a power status
of PRU 14. For example, when PRU 14 is substantially depleted of
power, it may be desirable to recharge using both signals 16 and
18, from PTU 12, simultaneously (as long as the range configuration
between PTU 12 and PRU 14 is within the near field). In some
embodiments, PRU 14 also includes a first and a second rectifier
circuits 40a and 40b, configured to convert the oscillating power
signal (e.g., inductively coupled power signal 18 and directed
power signal 16, respectively) from antennas 46 and 56 at the
selected frequency, into a direct-current signal to charge a device
load 60.
[0029] PRU 14 includes a far field receiver 26 configured to
wirelessly receive the directed power signal 16 transmitted from
PTU 12 when PRU 14 is within a far field range of PTU 12. PRU 14
also includes a capture resonator 28 configured to capture resonant
magnetic field (e.g., including inductively coupled power signal
18) generated by PTU 12 when PRU 14 is within a near field range of
PTU 12.
[0030] In one embodiment, PRU 14 includes an MCC 36 configured to
intelligently manage the power transfer in the near field mode, the
far field mode, or both modes, as desired. A communications circuit
38 is configured to communicate information between PTU 12 and PRU
14. A rectifier circuit 40a is configured to convert power from a
capture resonator 28 and provide the power to a device load 60.
Likewise, a rectifier circuit 40b is configured to convert power
from a far field receiver 26 and provide the converted power to
device load 60. Rectifier circuits 40a and 40b will be collectively
referred to, hereinafter, as rectifier circuits 40.
[0031] In some embodiments, rectifier circuits 40 include an
amplifier circuit to amplify the oscillating power signal from
antennas 46 and 56, and to provide an amplified oscillating signal
to a rectifying portion of rectifier circuits 40.
[0032] In some embodiments, antenna 46 includes a capture coil
operatively connected to an impedance matching circuit (IMC) 48. In
some embodiments, far field receiver 26 includes a signal
conversion module 54 and a far field receiver antenna(s) 56.
[0033] In some embodiments, directed power signal 16 and
inductively coupled field 18 include an oscillating power signal
having a bandwidth. For example, directed power signal 16
oscillating at 915 MHz may have a bandwidth of approximately 50
MHz, or more. Likewise, inductively coupled field 18 oscillating at
6.7 MHz may have a bandwidth of approximately 20 MHz, or more.
Further, in some embodiments device load 60 may include multiple
devices attached to a docking station in PRU 14. Accordingly,
rectifier circuits 40 may be configured to convert portions of the
oscillating power signal within separate portions of the bandwidth
to charge each of the multiple devices.
[0034] In some embodiments, transmitters and resonators as
disclosed herein convert RF signals from instruments and devices to
directed power signal 16 and inductively coupled power signal 18
oscillating at an industrial, scientific and medical (ISM)
frequency band appropriately optimized for the application of the
system and within accordance of regulatory rules and laws governing
such wireless operations.
[0035] FIG. 1B is a schematic illustration of PRU 14, according to
some embodiments. PRU 14 may include a communications circuit 138
configured to communicate information between PTU 12 and PRU 14
(e.g., communications circuit 38).
[0036] Antenna 165 is configured to wirelessly receive a directed
power signal 116 transmitted from PTU 12. In some embodiments,
antenna 165 is a far field receiver configured to wirelessly
receive the directed power signal transmitted from the far field
transmitter. In some embodiments, a passively-tuned integrated
circuit (PTIC) 120a is configured to dynamically tune a receiver
circuit to receive directed power signal 116 from antenna 165. In
some embodiments, PTIC 120a may be configured to amplify a signal,
or may be integrated with an amplifier to provide a tuned,
amplified signal. A RF to DC circuit 125rf converts directed power
signal 116 from a RF oscillating signal provided by PTIC 120a into
a DC signal having a received voltage and a selected current. In
some embodiments, RF to DC circuit 125rf may include a rectifier
circuit as disclosed herein (e.g., rectifier circuits 40). Voltage
control 127 adjusts the received voltage to a pre-selected value
and provides a directed power signal to a charge management IC
150.
[0037] PRU 14 includes an Rx resonator 160r configured to receive
an inductively coupled field from PTU 12. In some embodiments, the
inductively coupled field is a magnetic field modulated at a low RF
(e.g., 6.78 MHz, 13.56 MHz and the like) compared to the operation
frequency of antenna 165 (e.g., 915 MHz). The RF of the magnetic
field tuned to a resonant frequency of Rx resonator 160r. Further,
in some embodiments, the resonant frequency of Rx resonator 160r is
tuned to the frequency of RF modulated magnetic field 118 by PTIC
120b. Accordingly, in some embodiments, PTIC 120b may include a
source coil operatively connected to an IMC (e.g., IMC 48). Rx
resonator 160r initiates a power transfer from PTU 12 when PRU 14
is located within a near field range of PTU 12. Rectifier 125m is
configured to convert the inductively coupled field (e.g., a low RF
modulated magnetic field) into a DC power signal including a
voltage and a current. DC to DC converter 115 amplifies the DC
power signal from rectifier 125m and provides an inductive power
signal to charge management IC 150.
[0038] In some embodiments, charge management IC 150 includes a USB
controller configured to handle a USB-type coupling with external
devices (e.g., a device 187, USB to USB port 182, and USB socket
105). Charge management IC 150 provides a power signal to battery
170, at a selected DC voltage and a selected DC current.
Accordingly, charge management IC 150 combines the directed power
signal from voltage control 127 and the inductive power signal to
provide a power signal that charges battery 170. Furthermore, in
some embodiments, charge management IC 150 may select only one or
the other of the directed power signal or the inductive power
signal, depending on their availability and the mode of operation
of PRU 14, to provide the power signal to battery 170.
[0039] In some embodiments, PRU 14 is coupled with device 187
through a device socket 185. Device 187 may be any type of mobile
electronic appliance such as a computer, a laptop computer, a
mobile phone, smart phone, tablet computer, and tablet phone.
Furthermore, in some embodiments device 187 is capable of
facilitating and running a software program for the purpose of
displaying session data and offering additional command options for
the power transfer session in a visual format. Moreover, in some
embodiments battery 170 is a battery for device 187, integrally
installed in device 187, or independently coupled to charge
management IC 150. Moreover, in some embodiments device socket 185
may support multiple devices 187 configured to be charged by PRU
14.
[0040] In some embodiments, battery 170 is a reserve battery and
may be charged via USB socket 105 and USB port 182 by a direct DC
power source such as a laptop/computer, wall adaptor or power bank.
Thus, device 187 may be charged at a later time from the charge in
battery 170 (e.g., when PRU 14 is unplugged from a DC power source
in USB socket 105). Accordingly, in some embodiments USB socket 105
and USB port 182 may be used for charging device 187 from the
direct DC power source. In some embodiments, device 187 may be a
phone externally coupled to USB socket 105 for charging, as a power
bank. Thus, in some embodiments PRU 14 may charge an external
device 187 via USB socket 105, and in some embodiments USB port 185
may receive a direct source of power coupled through USB socket 105
to battery 170. Accordingly, embodiments consistent with the
present disclosure provide device 187 with multiple options for
charging.
[0041] PRU 14 includes a MCC 100 and a memory 155. MCC 100 may be
as described in detail above with regard to MCC 36. In some
embodiments, MCC 100 is configured to control the receiving of the
directed power signal at antenna 165 from PTU 12 when PRU 14 is in
the proximity of a far field range of PTU 12. Further, in some
embodiments MCC 100 is configured to control the coupling of an
inductive field wirelessly provided by PTU 12, to the resonate
magnetic field in the second mode when PRU 14 is in the proximity
of a near field coupling range of PTU 12. Accordingly, MCC 100 may
be further configured to control charge management IC 150 wherein
power is transferred to PRU 14 from PTU 12 by managing the directed
power signal and the resonant magnetic field to deliver power as
needed by the first mode of operation, the second mode of
operation, or both modes of operation and with consideration to the
power requirement of PRU 14, a priority value for transferring
power to PRU 14, and a range configuration between PTU 12 and PRU
14. Accordingly, MCC 100 may be configured to manage and determine
the power requirement of PRU 14 and the priority value for
transferring power to PRU 14 in view of the range configuration
between PTU 12 and PRU 14. Furthermore, in some embodiments the
power requirement of PRU 14 may include a power requirement of
device 187 docked in device socket 185. Memory 155 may include
instructions to cause MCC 100, upon successfully establishing a
communication link with PTU 12 via a communication protocol, and
upon determining the presence of a corresponding software program
installed on a device capable of running the software will provide
relevant wireless power transfer session data in a visual format
via said software program. In some embodiments, the second MCC is
integrated into one or more of the IC components in device 187.
[0042] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a PRU 214, according
to some embodiments. PRU 214 includes a battery 270, according to
some embodiments. In some embodiments, battery 270 includes a
charge reserve battery with capacity to deliver current from about
1800 milliamps per hour (mAh) to about 2800 mAh. In some
embodiments, for a directed power signal 116 at a RF of about 915
MHz, battery 270 may include a charge reserve battery with about 35
mAh capacity, or lower. An antenna 280 is activated by controller
290 to provide a signal to a PTU (e.g., PTU 12). In some
embodiments, antenna 280 is a BlueTooth antenna. For example, the
signal provided by antenna 280 to the PTU may indicate a power
requirement for reserve battery 270, or a range configuration
between the PTU and PRU 214. DC to DC converter 115 amplifies a
control signal for antenna 280 to controller 290. The control
signal for antenna 280 may be provided by a power management IC
(PMIC) 200. PMIC 200 provides a 5-9V power signal to mobile device
287, and a 3.5-4.2V power signal to battery 270. In some
embodiments, PMIC 200 may include a switch configured to shift
power transfer between mobile device 287 and battery 270 (e.g.,
when mobile device 287 is de-docked into PRU 214, or when mobile
device 287 is fully charged), or from reserve battery 270 to mobile
device 287 (e.g., when mobile device 287 is docked into PRU 214, or
when battery 270 is fully charged). Mobile device 287 may also
couple with antenna 280 through a bluetooth connection.
Accordingly, mobile device 287 may be an external device docked
onto PRU 214 by a user, for re-charging (e.g., device 187).
[0043] To receive the transferred power from the PTU, PRU 214
includes a resonator 260 that couples with matching circuit 240.
Matching circuit 240 may tune resonator 260 to a particular RF
frequency of an inductively coupled near field power signal
provided by the PTU (e.g., a RF resonant magnetic field). The
inductively coupled near field power signal is provided to ASIC 220
and to a diode 250-1 (e.g., at 5V and 2 A). Antenna 265 is
configured to receive a RF directed power transferred by the PTU,
and is coupled with RF to DC circuit 225rf which provides a DC
power signal (e.g., at 5 C and 200 mA) to an ideal diode 250-2.
Accordingly, RF to DC circuit 225rf may be a rectifier circuit as
disclosed herein (e.g., rectifier circuits 40 and RF to DC circuit
125rf). In some embodiments, a device cable 205 provides direct
power to ideal diode 250-3 (e.g., at 5V and 2.5 A). Ideal diodes
250-1 through 250-3 will be collectively referred to, hereinafter,
as "diodes 250." The configuration of diodes 250 in PRU 214 enables
PMIC 200 to receive power signals from three different sources:
inductively coupled near field power signal, RF directed power
signal (both from the PTU), and from an external source through
device cable 205.
[0044] In some embodiments, any one of antennas 280, 265, and
resonator 260 may be configured to detect multiple wireless signals
operating at multiple frequencies. Accordingly, PMIC may be further
configured to tune antennas 280, 265 or resonator 260 at a
frequency of one of the multiple wireless signals and to cause RF
to DC converter circuit 225rf to convert at least one of the
wireless signals into the direct-current signal.
[0045] In some embodiments, PMIC 200 may include a power protection
circuit to determine a fault condition in the direct-current
signal, such as an over voltage condition, an over charge
condition, and an over temperature condition.
[0046] FIGS. 3A-B illustrate rectifier circuits 325a and 325b,
respectively (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "rectifier
circuits 325") used in RF to DC current conversion in a PRU,
according to some embodiments. The DC current is provided to a
device load 350 (e.g., device load 60). In some embodiments,
rectifier circuits 325 may include a full-wave rectifier or a
half-wave rectifier. Rectifier circuits 325 may be coupled in a
parallel or a series configuration, depending on the desired
voltage output in selected applications. Accordingly, when a higher
voltage output is desirable, a series configuration may be
preferred.
[0047] Rectifier circuit 325a may be included in PRU 14 (e.g., RF
to DC circuit 125rf). An input port 330a is coupled to an antenna
365 through a PTIC circuit (e.g., antenna 165, PTIC circuit 120).
Diodes 335-1, 335-2, 335-3, and 335-4 (hereinafter collectively
referred to as "diodes 335") are arranged in a configuration such
that an "up-swing" is captured by a capacitor 337-1, and a
"down-swing" is captured by a capacitor 337-2 (hereinafter
collectively referred to as "capacitors 337"). The charge of
capacitors 337 is integrated in output port 340a as a DC signal. In
some embodiments, a capacitor 337-3 is adjusted according to a DC
to DC conversion circuit (e.g., DC to DC converter 115). Capacitor
337-3 will be referred to, hereinafter, together with capacitors
337.
[0048] In RF to DC conversion circuit 325a, inductors 339-1, 339-2,
and 339-3 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as inductors 339)
are configured to be resonantly tuned to a RF frequency of a
directed energy signal (e.g., 915 MHz, and the like).
[0049] Rectifier circuit 325b includes diodes 335-5, 335-6, 335-7,
and 335-8 (collectively referred to, hereinafter, as "diodes 335,"
similarly to rectifier circuit 325a). Different diodes may be
evaluated for cost, packaging, and performance. In some
embodiments, rectifier circuit 325b includes a differential
coupling of antenna 365 to balancing block 345. Input port 330b and
output port 340b are as input/output ports 330a/340a described
above, respectively.
[0050] In some embodiments, at least some of diodes 335 may
generate undesirable harmonics of the RF signal (Radiated Spurious
Emissions, RSE). These harmonics may be radiative and cause issues
with FCC limits (e.g., interference with other devices or
conducting materials in the vicinity, health impact on surrounding
people, and the like). Accordingly, in some embodiments rectifier
circuit 325b includes a radio-frequency shield to prevent a
harmonic re-radiation of the oscillating power signal from any one
of diodes 335. Some embodiments may include additional components
to block higher order harmonics from re-radiating through antenna
365. In some embodiments, a capacitor 337-4 is adjusted according
to a DC to DC conversion circuit (e.g., DC to DC converter 115).
Capacitor 337-4 will be referred to, hereinafter, together with
capacitors 337 in rectifier circuit 325a.
[0051] Balancing block 345 includes a three port device with
matched input and differential outputs to enhance power transfer
efficiency. In some embodiments, balancing block 345 includes a
Balun circuit, or an impedance matching circuit. Further, in some
embodiments balancing block 345 is used to compensate for an
unbalanced coupling of antenna 365. Accordingly, in some
embodiments balancing block 345 includes a balancing circuit that
receives a differential input from the oscillating power signal in
antenna 365. In other aspects, balancing block 345 may include a
matching circuit configured to balance a differential coupling of
the first antenna to provide the direct-current signal to the
device load.
[0052] FIGS. 4A-C illustrate rectified waveforms 440a-c,
respectively (collectively referred to, hereinafter, as "rectified
waveforms 440"), as provided by rectifier circuit 325a, according
to some embodiments. Rectified waveforms 440 illustrate input
oscillating power signal 430 (e.g., as measured at point 330 in
rectifier circuit 325), and rectified waveforms 440 are the
resulting signal corresponding to a given load (e.g., measured at
point 340, for different load 350).
[0053] FIG. 4A illustrates rectified waveform 440a for an open
load.
[0054] FIG. 4B illustrates rectified waveform 440b for a 50 ohm
load. Waveform 440b indicates a half-wave rectification by
rectifier circuit 325a.
[0055] FIG. 4C illustrates rectified waveform 440c for a 1000 Ohm
load. Waveform 440c indicates a somewhat distorted, half-wave
rectification by rectifier circuit 325a.
[0056] FIGS. 5A-C illustrate rectified waveforms 540a-c,
respectively (collectively referred to, hereinafter, as "rectified
waveforms 540"), as provided by rectifier circuit 325b including
balancing block 340, according to some embodiments. Rectified
waveforms 540 illustrate input oscillating power signal 530 (e.g.,
as measured at point 330 in rectifier circuit 325), and rectified
waveforms 540 are the resulting signal corresponding to a given
load (e.g., measured at point 340, for different load 350).
[0057] FIG. 5A illustrates rectified waveform 540a for an open
load. Waveform 540a indicates a high fidelity, full wave
rectification by rectifier circuit 325b.
[0058] FIG. 5B illustrates rectified waveform 540b for a 50 ohm
load. Waveform 540b indicates a slightly distorted full wave
rectification by rectifier circuit 325b.
[0059] FIG. 5C illustrates rectified waveform 540c for a 1000 Ohm
load. Waveform 540c indicates a full wave rectification by
rectifier circuit 325b with a somewhat higher distortion than
waveform 540b.
[0060] FIGS. 6A-B illustrate block diagrams of a PRU 614 including
a RF to DC block 620a, and a RF to DC block 620b (hereinafter,
collectively referred to as "RF to DC blocks 620"), according to
some embodiments. In some embodiments, PRU 614 includes an antenna
665 may be as disclosed herein (e.g., antennas 165, 265, 365). A
connector 680 for antenna 665 may include a miniature RF connector
(e.g., "ufl" connector) for high-frequency signals up to 6
giga-Hertz (1 GHz=10.sup.9 Hz), or more. In some embodiments PRU
614 includes a matching circuit 645 including a balancing block as
disclosed herein (e.g. balancing block 345). In some embodiments,
matching circuit 645 may be included in a rectifier circuit 625
consistent with embodiments disclosed herein (e.g., rectifier
circuits 325).
[0061] In some embodiments, PRU 614 also includes an energy
harvesting circuit 685 (e.g., of size about 3 mm.times.3 mm), to
pick up, collect, and convert to a DC power, a radiating power
signal available in the environment of PRU 614. The radiating power
signal may be a telecommunication signal from external devices, and
it may include information stored in it (e.g., codified or
encrypted information). A regulator 690 to determine voltage and
current levels of a DC power delivered to battery 670 or to a
device load (e.g., device load 60), according to battery and device
specifications.
[0062] In some embodiments, block 620a includes connector 680,
matching circuit 645, rectifier circuit 625, harvesting circuit
685, and regulator 690 in a compact unit (e.g., of size 7.2
mm.times.11.4 mm). Including connector 680 and matching circuit 645
increases the constraints for real-estate in the area allocated for
block 620a, including the architecture types available for antenna
665. In some embodiments, block 620b includes rectifier 625, energy
harvesting circuit 685, and regulator circuit 690 in a compact unit
(e.g., of size 7.2 mm.times.11.4 mm). Excluding connector 680 and
matching circuit 645 relaxes the real-estate constraint in block
620b and allows the use of balanced, unbalanced, printed, and
peripheral elements in antenna 665, thereby widening the range of
possibilities for antenna design.
[0063] FIG. 7 is an illustration of a multi-mode wirelessly
rechargeable battery 700 in a standard AA form factor 701. FIG. 7
includes a perspective view 701, a top view 702, and a cross
section view 710 of battery 700. Battery 700 includes a resonator
704; and an antenna 706. Battery 700 is configured to receive a
directed power signal (e.g., directed power signals 16 and 116) or
non-directed, propagating RF power signal in a first mode, through
antenna 706. Accordingly, the first mode may include battery 700
located within a far field range of a PTU as disclosed herein
(e.g., PTU 12). In some embodiments, battery 700 is also configured
to capture an inductively coupled power signal (e.g., inductively
coupled power signals 18 and 118) through resonator 704 in a second
mode when battery 700 is within a near field range of the PTU.
[0064] In some embodiments, battery 700 also includes
charging/communications circuit 703, an energy storage medium (ESM)
705; and a material enclosure 711 (e.g., flex circuit) wrapped
around the system. Charging/communications circuit 703 is
configured to receive power from both antenna 706 and resonator
704, separately or in combination (e.g., overlapping in time or
simultaneously) to charge the ESM 705 where it can be routed
through contacts in the material enclosure 711 for use by a device
load as needed (e.g., device load 60).
[0065] In one embodiment, ESM 705 may be operatively coupled with
charging/communications circuit 703 and configured to receive
electrical charging from the charging/communications circuit 703.
Accordingly, ESM 705 provides power to the device load, when
charged.
[0066] In some embodiments, antenna 706 is operatively connected to
charging/communications circuit 703 to receive a directed (e.g.,
directed power signals 16 and 116) or non-directed RF power signal
to provide power to charging/communications circuit 703. Resonator
704 may be operatively coupled to charging/communications circuit
703 to receive an inductively coupled magnetic field to provide
power to charging/communications circuit 703.
[0067] In some embodiments, charging/communications circuit 703 is
operatively coupled with resonator 704, with antenna 706 and with
ESM 705 to manage the distribution of power throughout the system
and share power requirements with nearby devices (e.g., provide
power wirelessly to other devices).
[0068] In some embodiments, antenna 706 and resonator 704 convert
power signals to electrical power at an ISM frequency band (e.g.,
in addition to a direct-current power) appropriately optimized for
the application of the system and in accordance with regulatory
rules and laws governing certain wireless operations. Thus, in some
embodiments, battery 700 may include intelligently optimizing a
wireless receiving of power from a multi-mode power source (e.g.,
PTU 12) and capturing and receiving the optimized energy
transferred wirelessly over varying distances. In some embodiments,
charging/communications circuit 703 may include a wireless
communication protocol capable of independently identifying
additional batteries or devices nearby.
[0069] Further, charging/communications circuit 703 may be
configured to detect the range of a mobile device relative to the
battery and generate identification and range data associated with
the mobile device. Accordingly, in some embodiments, battery 700
may be configured to provide wireless power to the identified
mobile devices, or to provide the identification and range data of
the mobile devices to a PTU within range (e.g., near field or far
field) of the mobile devices.
[0070] Accordingly, charging/communications circuit 703 may be
configured to intelligently determine the combination of the first
and second charging modes, to optimize power transfer (e.g., power
transfer rate and efficiency). Battery 700 establishes a
communication link with a nearby PTU via a communication protocol
in charging/communications circuit 703. In some embodiments battery
700 is installed in a mobile device that includes a display and
that has a memory storing commands and a processor configured to
execute the commands to cause the mobile device to run a power
transfer application. The power transfer application may interact
with and receive data from battery 700. Thus, the mobile device may
display relevant wireless energy transfer session data in a visual
format for a user.
[0071] One or more of batteries 700 may be integrated into devices
such as computer peripherals (e.g., a mouse, a keyboard, a
headset), or other appliances such as phones and mobile devices,
remote controls, cameras, radios or flashlights. Accordingly, the
devices may use different battery configurations and power levels,
which may be stored in memory 713, accessible to
charging/communications circuit 703.
[0072] FIG. 8 illustrates multi-mode wirelessly rechargeable
batteries 800-1 and 800-2 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as
rechargeable batteries 800) in load devices 860-1 and 860-2
respectively (hereinafter, collectively referred to as load devices
860), according to some embodiments. Batteries 800 may be as
described above (e.g. battery 700). Load devices 860 may include
any type of mobile electronic appliance such as a smart phone, a
wrist band, a mobile computer, or even an accessory such as an
ear-phone, a mouse, a keyboard, and the like.
[0073] Batteries 800 may receive a directed power 816 and an
inductively coupled power 818 from a PTU 812 (e.g., PTU 12).
Battery 800-1 may operate in a first mode to receive directed power
816 within a far field zone 801 of PTU 812. Further, battery 800-2
may operate in a second mode to receive inductively coupled power
818 from PTU 812 within a near field zone 802 of PTU 812. In some
embodiments, either one of batteries 800 (e.g., battery 800-1) may
operate in a third mode 803 harvesting a radiating power 814 from
the environment.
[0074] Load devices 860 may include memory circuits 865-1 and 865-2
(hereinafter, collectively referred to as "memory circuits 865").
Memory circuits 865 store instructions which, when executed by
processor circuits 867-1 and 867-2 (collectively referred to,
hereinafter, as "processor circuits 867"), cause load devices 860
to perform, at least partially, steps in methods as disclosed
herein. In some embodiments, the instructions in memory circuits
865 may include a power application 822 which, when executed by
processors 867, cause load devices 860 to display an interactive
charging power image for the user in each of displays 863-1 and
863-2 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "displays 863").
Batteries 800 may communicate and exchange information stored in
memories 813-1 and 813-2 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as
memories 813), with processors 867 so that application 822 may
accurately display a power status information on displays 863, for
view by the user.
[0075] FIG. 9 illustrates a mobile device casing 900 having slots
902-1 and 902-2 (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "slots
902") and related features that may interfere with a power transfer
process, according to some embodiments. Antennas in the mobile
device may interact with a metal casing 900, impacting the lifetime
of a mobile device battery. For example, when the mobile device
antennas are detuned by device casing 900, the mobile device may
require a higher power level for adequate transmission and
reception of signals. Accordingly, the mobile device battery will
tend to drain and drop calls (in the case of a cell phone or a
smart phone).
[0076] Moreover, in some configurations mobile device casing 900
may create electromagnetic interference (EMI) and RF noise, thus
degrading signal quality, reducing network capacity and increasing
the number of dropped calls. To compensate for signal quality
degradation, some mobile devices increase the power usage,
negatively impacting battery lifetime. Mobile device casing 900
includes sensitive regions 923-1, 923-2, and 923-3 (hereinafter,
collectively referred to as "sensitive regions 923") where antennas
may be located.
[0077] In some embodiments lower frequency antennas (RF below 1
GHz) may use the entire casing 900 to radiate (e.g., including
portion 923-2). Higher frequency antennas (RF greater than 1.6 GHz)
are more localized in the radiation (e.g., in portions 923-1 and
923-3).
[0078] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating steps in a method 1000
for managing, from a rechargeable battery (e.g., batteries 700 or
800), a power transfer from a power transferring unit, according to
some embodiments. Method 1000 may be performed at least partially
by any one of MCC circuits installed in the PRU device, executing
instructions stored in a memory (e.g., MCC 36, and MCC 100 and
memories 155, 713, and 813), while communicating with each other
through a communications circuit (e.g., communications circuit 38,
and 138). In some embodiments, method 1000 is partially performed
by a PTU in communication with one or more mobile devices roaming
in the proximity of the PTU. Each of the one or more mobile devices
may include a rechargeable battery having access to a power
charging service of the PTU. Methods consistent with the present
disclosure may include at least some, but not all of the steps
illustrated in method 1000, performed in a different sequence.
Furthermore, methods consistent with the present disclosure may
include at least two or more steps as in method 1000 performed
overlapping in time, or almost simultaneously.
[0079] Step 1002 includes identifying, by the rechargeable battery,
a PTU in proximity of the rechargeable battery.
[0080] Step 1004 includes determining a range configuration between
the PTU and the rechargeable battery. In some embodiments, step
1004 includes determining whether the rechargeable battery is in a
near field range or in a far range of the PTU. In some embodiments,
step 1004 includes determining a geolocation of the PRU from the
communication circuit in the PRU. Further, in some embodiments step
1004 may include determining that the PRU is in the near field
range when the PRU is within a few millimeters (mm), e.g., 2 mm, 3
mm, or less than 5 or 10 mm. In some embodiments, step 1004 may
include determining that the PRU is in the far field range of the
PTU when the PRU is within a few meters (m) of the PTU (e.g., 1 m,
2 m, or 5 to 10 m). In some embodiments, the near field range can
extend further distances, such as 6-8 inches (e.g., about 15-40
cm), depending on power transfer efficiency and safety
considerations. In some embodiments, a far field range may include
distances of about 1-2 meters, or 3-12 meters. In some embodiments,
efficient RF power transfer can be achieved from 1-12 meters in a
far field range.
[0081] Step 1006 includes determining the power status of the
rechargeable battery. In some embodiments, step 1006 may include
receiving a charge percentage of a battery in the PRU (e.g., 10%,
50%, or 100% and the like). In some embodiments, step 1006 may also
include receiving a "time remaining" for the operation of the PRU
based on the power status, current usage conditions, and other
environmental factors (e.g., temperature and the like). For
example, in some embodiments step 1006 may include receiving from
the PRU a message as "10 minutes (min) remaining," "5 min.
remaining," and the like.
[0082] Step 1008 includes selecting a first antenna in the
rechargeable battery based on the range configuration between the
PTU and the rechargeable battery, and on the power status of the
rechargeable battery. In some embodiments, step 1008 includes
selecting a radio-frequency antenna to receive a directed
radio-frequency power when the range configuration between the
power transferring unit and the power receiving unit is within a
far field, and selecting an inductively coupled antenna when the
range configuration between the power transferring unit and the
power receiving unit is within a near field. In some embodiments,
step 1008 may also include selecting a radio-frequency antenna
configured to receive a propagating, directed radio-frequency
signal as the oscillating power signal when the range configuration
between the power transferring unit and the power receiving unit is
beyond a near field configuration and within a far field
configuration. In some embodiments, step 1008 includes
simultaneously selecting a radio-frequency antenna configured to
receive a propagating, directed radio-frequency signal and an
inductively coupled antenna, when the range configuration between
the power transferring unit and the power receiving unit is within
a near field configuration.
[0083] Step 1010 includes receiving, with the first antenna, an
oscillating power signal from the power transferring unit at the
selected frequency. In some embodiments, step 1010 includes
receiving, in the rechargeable battery and based on the power
status information, a directed power signal from the PTU when the
rechargeable battery is in proximity of a far range of the PTU. In
some embodiments, step 1010 includes receiving, in the rechargeable
battery and based on the power status information, an inductively
coupled field from the PTU that is resonant with the rechargeable
battery, when the rechargeable battery is in the proximity of at
least a near field range of the power transferring unit. In some
embodiments, the inductively coupled field is a RF-modulated
magnetic field, and step 1010 includes receiving the resonant
RF-modulated magnetic field with a receiver circuit in the
rechargeable battery (e.g., Rx resonator 160r, see FIG. 2). In some
embodiments, step 1010 includes receiving, in a wireless receiver,
multiple wireless signals operating at multiple frequencies, and
tuning the at least one power receiving circuit at a frequency of
one of the wireless signals.
[0084] Step 1012 includes converting, with a rectifier circuit, the
oscillating power signal from the PTU at the selected frequency
into a direct-current signal. In some embodiments, step 1012
includes tuning a radio-frequency amplifier circuit coupled to the
first antenna at the selected frequency in the power receiving
unit. In some embodiments, step 1012 includes balancing a
differential input from the first antenna. In some embodiments,
step 1012 includes converting, in a rectifier circuit, one of
multiple wireless signals into the direct-current signal.
[0085] Step 1014 includes providing the direct-current signal to a
mobile device. In some embodiments, step 1014 includes receiving,
in a reserve battery, at least a first portion of the
direct-current signal, and providing at least a second portion of
the direct-current signal from the reserve battery to a mobile
electronic device docked in the power receiving unit.
[0086] The foregoing detailed description has set forth various
embodiments of devices and/or processes via the use of block
diagrams, flowcharts, and/or examples. Insofar as such block
diagrams, flowcharts, and/or examples contain one or more functions
and/or operations, it will be understood by those within the art
that each function and/or operation within such block diagrams,
flowcharts, or examples can be implemented, individually and/or
collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware, or
virtually any combination thereof. In one embodiment, several
portions of the subject matter described herein may be implemented
via Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field
Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs),
General Purpose Processors (GPPs), Microcontroller Units (MCUs), or
other integrated formats. However, those skilled in the art will
recognize that some aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein, in
whole or in part, can be equivalently implemented in integrated
circuits, as one or more computer programs running on one or more
computers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more
computer systems), as one or more programs running on one or more
processors (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more
microprocessors), as firmware, or as virtually any combination
thereof, and that designing the circuitry and/or writing the code
for the software/and or firmware would be well within the skill of
one skilled in the art in light of this disclosure.
[0087] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that
the mechanisms of some of the subject matter described herein may
be capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety
of forms, and that an illustrative embodiment of the subject matter
described herein applies regardless of the particular type of
signal bearing medium used to actually carry out the distribution.
Examples of a signal bearing medium include, but are not limited
to, the following: a recordable type medium such as a floppy disk,
a hard disk drive, a Compact Disc (CD), a Digital Video Disk (DVD),
a digital tape, a computer memory, etc.; and a transmission type
medium such as a digital and/or an analog communication medium,
e.g., a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wired communication link,
a wireless communication link (e.g., transmitter, receiver,
transmission logic, reception logic, etc.).
[0088] Those having skill in the art will recognize that the state
of the art has progressed to the point where there is little
distinction left between hardware, software, and/or firmware
implementations of aspects of systems; the use of hardware,
software, and/or firmware is generally (but not always, in that in
certain contexts the choice between hardware and software can
become significant) a design choice representing cost vs.
efficiency tradeoffs. Those having skill in the art will appreciate
that there are various vehicles by which processes and/or systems
and/or other technologies described herein can be effected (e.g.,
hardware, software, and/or firmware), and that the preferred
vehicle will vary with the context in which the processes and/or
systems and/or other technologies are deployed. For example, if an
implementer determines that speed and accuracy are paramount, the
implementer may opt for a mainly hardware and/or firmware vehicle;
alternatively, if flexibility is paramount, the implementer may opt
for a mainly software implementation; or, yet again alternatively,
the implementer may opt for some combination of hardware, software,
and/or firmware. Hence, there are several possible vehicles by
which the processes and/or devices and/or other technologies
described herein may be effected, none of which is inherently
superior to the other in that any vehicle to be utilized is a
choice dependent upon the context in which the vehicle will be
deployed and the specific concerns (e.g., speed, flexibility, or
predictability) of the implementer, any of which may vary. Those
skilled in the art will recognize that optical aspects of
implementations will typically employ optically-oriented hardware,
software, and or firmware.
[0089] As mentioned above, other embodiments and configurations may
be devised without departing from the spirit of the disclosure and
the scope of the appended claims.
[0090] The term "machine-readable storage medium" or "computer
readable medium" as used herein refers to any medium or media that
participates in providing instructions or data to processor for
execution. Such a medium may take many forms, including, but not
limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission
media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical disks,
magnetic disks, or flash memory (e.g., memories 713 and 865).
Volatile media include dynamic memory (e.g., memories 713 and 865).
Transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wire, and fiber
optics, including the wires that comprise a bus. Common forms of
machine-readable media include, for example, floppy disk, a
flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium,
a CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape,
any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, an
EPROM, a FLASH EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, or any
other medium from which a computer can read. The machine-readable
storage medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a
machine-readable storage substrate, a memory device, a composition
of matter effecting a machine-readable propagated signal, or a
combination of one or more of them.
[0091] In one aspect, a method may be an operation, an instruction,
or a function and vice versa. In one aspect, a clause or a claim
may be amended to include some or all of the words (e.g.,
instructions, operations, functions, or components) recited in
other one or more clauses, one or more words, one or more
sentences, one or more phrases, one or more paragraphs, and/or one
or more claims.
[0092] Phrases such as an aspect, the aspect, another aspect, some
aspects, one or more aspects, an implementation, the
implementation, another implementation, some implementations, one
or more implementations, an embodiment, the embodiment, another
embodiment, some embodiments, one or more embodiments, a
configuration, the configuration, another configuration, some
configurations, one or more configurations, the subject technology,
the disclosure, the present disclosure, other variations thereof
and alike are for convenience and do not imply that a disclosure
relating to such phrase(s) is essential to the subject technology
or that such disclosure applies to all configurations of the
subject technology. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may
apply to all configurations, or one or more configurations. A
disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may provide one or more
examples. A phrase such as an aspect or some aspects may refer to
one or more aspects and vice versa, and this applies similarly to
other foregoing phrases.
[0093] A reference to an element in the singular is not intended to
mean "one and only one" unless specifically stated, but rather "one
or more." The term "some," refers to one or more. Underlined and/or
italicized headings and subheadings are used for convenience only,
do not limit the subject technology, and are not referred to in
connection with the interpretation of the description of the
subject technology. Relational terms such as first and second and
the like may be used to distinguish one entity or action from
another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such
relationship or order between such entities or actions. All
structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the
various configurations described throughout this disclosure that
are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in
the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and intended
to be encompassed by the subject technology. Moreover, nothing
disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public
regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the
above description. No claim element is to be construed under the
provisions of 35 U.S.C. .sctn. 112, sixth paragraph, unless the
element is expressly recited using the phrase "means for" or, in
the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase
"step for."
[0094] While this specification contains many specifics, these
should not be construed as limitations on the scope of what may be
claimed, but rather as descriptions of particular implementations
of the subject matter. Certain features that are described in this
specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be
implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely,
various features that are described in the context of a single
embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments
separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although
features may be described above as acting in certain combinations
and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a
claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the
combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a
subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
[0095] The subject matter of this specification has been described
in terms of particular aspects, but other aspects can be
implemented and are within the scope of the following claims. For
example, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a
particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that
such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in
sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed,
to achieve desirable results. The actions recited in the claims can
be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable
results. As one example, the processes depicted in the accompanying
figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or
sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In certain
circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be
advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components
in the aspects described above should not be understood as
requiring such separation in all aspects, and it should be
understood that the described program components and systems can
generally be integrated together in a single software product or
packaged into multiple software products.
[0096] The title, background, brief description of the drawings,
abstract, and drawings are hereby incorporated into the disclosure
and are provided as illustrative examples of the disclosure, not as
restrictive descriptions. It is submitted with the understanding
that they will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the
claims. In addition, in the detailed description, it can be seen
that the description provides illustrative examples and the various
features are grouped together in various implementations for the
purpose of streamlining the disclosure. The method of disclosure is
not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed
subject matter requires more features than are expressly recited in
each claim. Rather, as the claims reflect, inventive subject matter
lies in less than all features of a single disclosed configuration
or operation. The claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed
description, with each claim standing on its own as a separately
claimed subject matter.
[0097] The claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects
described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent
with the language claims and to encompass all legal equivalents.
Notwithstanding, none of the claims are intended to embrace subject
matter that fails to satisfy the requirements of the applicable
patent law, nor should they be interpreted in such a way.
* * * * *