U.S. patent application number 15/705125 was filed with the patent office on 2018-03-15 for ventilation and air flow control.
The applicant listed for this patent is Switch, Ltd.. Invention is credited to Rob Roy.
Application Number | 20180077819 15/705125 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 61561130 |
Filed Date | 2018-03-15 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180077819 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Roy; Rob |
March 15, 2018 |
VENTILATION AND AIR FLOW CONTROL
Abstract
Disclosed is an electrical cabinet with associated air flow
direction control system. The cabinet has a front, rear, a first
side and a second side. The front side has openings to accept flow
of cool air into the cabinet and the rear side has openings for
exit of warm air from the rear side of the cabinet. The front,
rear, first side and second side define an interior space are
configured to house heat generating electrical equipment. A frame
is adjacent the rear side of the cabinet. The frame has a first
frame side and a second frame side. Louvers are located adjacent
the rear of the cabinet. The louvers extend between the first frame
side and the second frame side. Each louver has a face positioned
at an angle to direct the warm air exiting the cabinet other than
perpendicular to the rear of the cabinet.
Inventors: |
Roy; Rob; (Las Vegas,
NV) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Switch, Ltd. |
Las Vegas |
NV |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
61561130 |
Appl. No.: |
15/705125 |
Filed: |
September 14, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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62394680 |
Sep 14, 2016 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H05K 7/20181 20130101;
H05K 7/20745 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H05K 7/20 20060101
H05K007/20 |
Claims
1. A cabinet for storing electronic equipment with associated air
flow direction control system comprising: a cabinet comprising a
front side, rear side, a first side and a second side, the front
side having one or more openings to accept flow of cool air into
the cabinet and the rear side having one or more openings for exit
of warm air from the rear side of the cabinet, the front side, rear
side, first side and second side defining an interior space
configured to house heat generating electrical equipment within the
cabinet; a frame adjacent the rear side of the cabinet, the frame
having a first frame side and a second frame side; and two or more
louvers adjacent the rear side of the cabinet and extending between
the first frame side and the second frame side, at least one louver
having at least one face positioned at an angle to direct the warm
air exiting the cabinets in a direction other than perpendicular to
the rear side of the cabinet.
2. The cabinet of claim 1 further comprising two or more legs
connected to the frame, the two or more legs cooperating with the
frame to adjust a height of the frame in relation to a floor.
3. The cabinet of claim 1 wherein the frame is releasably connected
to the cabinet adjacent the rear side of the cabinet.
4. The cabinet of claim 1 wherein the two or more louvers are fixed
to the frame thereby fixing the angle associated with the
louvers.
5. The cabinet of claim 1 wherein the two or more louvers are
movable in relation to the frame from a first position to a second
position, the first position establishing a first louver angle and
the second position establishing a second louver angle.
6. The cabinet of claim 5 further comprising at least one motor
associated with at least one frame, the at least one motor being
responsive to a control signal to change the angle of at least one
louver.
7. The cabinet of claim 5 wherein a first group of the two or more
louvers are positioned at a first angle and a second group of two
or more louvers are position at a second angle.
8. An arrangement of cabinets with associated air flow direction
control system comprising: a first row of cabinets comprising two
or more cabinets; a second row of cabinets comprising two or more
cabinets, wherein the cabinets in the first row of cabinets and the
second row of cabinets have a front side, rear side, a first side
and a second side, the front side having one or more front openings
to accept flow of cool air into the cabinet and the rear side
having one or more rear openings for exit of warm air from the rear
side of the cabinet, the front side, rear side, first side and
second side defining an interior space configured to house heat
generating electrical equipment within the housing, such that the
rear side of the first row of cabinets faces the rear side of the
second row of cabinets thereby establishing a hot aisle between the
first row of cabinets, the second row of cabinets, and a floor; a
first set of louvers supported by a first frame that is adjacent
the rear side of the first row of cabinets, the first set of
louvers extending across at least a portion of the rear side of at
least one of the cabinets that form the first row of cabinets; and
a second set of louvers supported by a second frame that is
adjacent the rear side of the second row of cabinets, the second
set of louvres extending across at least a portion of the rear side
of at least one of the cabinets that form the second row of
cabinets.
9. The arrangement of cabinets of claim 8 wherein the first set of
louvers and the second set of louvers are positioned at an angle to
direct the warm air exiting the cabinets upward away from the
floor.
10. The arrangement of cabinets of claim 8 wherein the first set of
louvers are adjustable between a first position, a second position
and a third position such that the first position directs warm
airflow upward, the second position directs warm air flow
perpendicular to the rear face of the cabinets and the third
position inhibits airflow from the one or more rear openings.
11. The arrangement of cabinets of claim 8 further comprising two
or more legs associated with the frame, the two or more legs
adjustable to change a height of the louvers relative to the
floor.
12. The arrangement of cabinets of claim 8 further comprising at
least one motor associated with at least one louvers, the at least
one motor being responsive to a motor control signal to change the
angle of the at least one louvers.
13. The arrangement of cabinets of claim 10, wherein a first group
of the first set of louvers are positioned at a first angle and a
second group of the second set of louvers are position at a second
angle.
14. The arrangement of cabinets of claim 8 further comprising: one
or more temperature sensors, one or more air flow sensor, or both
configured to generate sensor signals; and a controller configured
to receive and process sensor signals, and responsive to the
processing generate the motor control signals which control the
position of at least one louvers.
15. A method for maintaining temperature within a cabinet storing
electrical equipment within a predetermined range comprising:
providing a first row of cabinets; providing a second row of
cabinets, the cabinets in the first row of cabinets and the second
row of cabinets include a front side and a rear side, the front
side having one or more front openings to accept flow of cool air
into the cabinet and the rear side having one or more rear openings
for exit of warm air from the rear side of the cabinet, the front
side and rear side defining an interior space therebetween
configured to house heat generating electrical equipment within the
interior space, such that the rear side of the first row of
cabinets faces the rear side of the second row of cabinets thereby
establishing a hot aisle between the first row of cabinets, second
row of cabinets; adjusting a first set of louvers to direct airflow
exiting the rear side of a cabinet in a direction non-perpendicular
to the rear side of the first row of cabinets, the first set of
louvers supported by a first frame the rear side of at least one
cabinet that forms the first row of cabinets, the first set of
louvers extending across at least a portion of the rear side of a
cabinet that forms the first row of cabinets; adjusting a second
set of louvers to direct airflow exiting the rear side of a cabinet
in a direction non-perpendicular to the rear side of the second row
of cabinets, the second set of louvers supported by a second frame
which is adjacent the rear side of at least one cabinet that forms
the second row of cabinets, the second set of louvers extending
across at least a portion of the rear side of the cabinets that
form the second row of cabinets; providing cooling airflow to the
front of the first row and second row of cabinets, the cooling air
flow flowing from the front of the cabinets toward the rear of the
cabinets resulting in the cooling air flow becoming warm airflow
due to the cooling air flow contacting the heat generating
electrical equipment within the interior space of the cabinets;
directing the air flow with two or more louvers from the first row
of cabinets in a first direction toward one or more warm air
channels associated with the hot aisle directing the air flow with
two or more louvers from the second row of cabinets in a second
direction toward the one or more warm air channels associated with
the hot aisle, wherein the first direction and the second direction
are not opposing directions; cooling the warm airflow from the hot
aisle to create cooling air flow; and returning the cooling airflow
to the front of the cabinets.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the rear side of the first row
of cabinets faces the rear side of the second row of cabinets.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein at least one louver is position
adjustable by a motor, the motor responsive to a motor control
signal from a controller.
18. The method of claim 17 further comprising one or more
temperature sensors, airflow sensors, or both configured to provide
a sensor signal to the controller such that the motor control
signal responsive to the sensor signal.
19. The method for of claim 15, further comprising increasing air
flow with one or more fans mounted to at least one louver such that
adjusting a louver adjusts a position of one or more fans.
20. The method for of claim 15, further comprising adjusting a
height of one or more legs to change a height of the first set of
louvers and the second set of louvers.
Description
PRIORITY CLAIM
[0001] The application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S.
Provisional Patent Application No. 62/394,680 filed on Sep. 14,
2016 titled Ventilation and Air Flow Control.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to cooling and heating systems and in
particular to a system for air flow control in electrical equipment
locations, such as co-location facility designs.
RELATED ART
[0003] Numerous applications benefit from or require air flow to
provide fresh or non-contaminated airflow, or airflow for heating,
cooling, humidity control or drying. One example environment that
requires airflow is electrical equipment, such as equipment located
in data centers and server co-location facilities.
[0004] In such facilities, rows of electronics equipment, such as
servers, power supplies, and network communication devices are
stored and interconnected or connected to a network, such as the
Internet or direct network connections to remote systems. In many
facilities and applications, cabinets are arranged side by side and
each cabinet may house multiple server cards, communication cards,
or power supplies. As is widely understood, electrical equipment
generates heat and this heat must be removed from the electrical
equipment to ensure that the electrical equipment is maintained
within manufacturer's specified temperature range.
[0005] In some instances, the electrical equipment is separately
owned such that the owner of the electrical equipment may have its
own temperature range for operation or other operating parameters
which must be met. In addition, the activity level of the servers
may change based on the nature of the server itself. For example,
some servers may be most active during work hours, while other
servers may be primarily active on the weekends and holidays. This
will thus affect the time at which heat is generated. In many
instances, the owner of the facilities manages the installation and
the servers within the facility, and is responsible for maintaining
the servers and the server environment.
[0006] As mentioned above, electrical equipment generates heat
during operation and the amount of heat generated will vary over
time, typically in relation to the activity level of the electronic
equipment. To maintain the equipment within a defined safe
operating range, cooling air flow is typically used to conduct the
heat away from the equipment. Failure to maintain the electrical
equipment within a defined safe operating temperate range will
result in equipment shut down or equipment failure.
[0007] Prior innovations by Switch, Ltd. have advanced the
efficiency and technology of data centers. Switch, Ltd invented and
introduced to the industry cabinets of electronic equipment placed
into rows, and further to have parallel rows of equipment
configured back-to back so that each row of equipment generally
forces the heat from a front of the cabinet, over the electronic
equipment toward a common area behind the cabinets. This common
area, as introduced by Switch, Ltd., is now referred to in the
industry as an enclosed hot aisle, as that aisle generally contains
air warmed from passing through the cabinets containing the
electrical equipment. Consequently, the area in front of the
equipment is often referred to as a cold aisle. In addition,
systems that sense the temperature in the hot aisle and the cold
aisle and provide a feedback are provided. Based on this feedback,
additional cooling may automatically be provided to the cool aisle
if the cool aisle exceeds a predetermined temperature. Likewise,
servers and power supplies are known to have built in temperature
sensors to provide an alert or a shutdown signal if the
server/power supply temperature exceeds a predetermined safe
threshold.
[0008] However, improvements in the overall control would be
beneficial to numerous aspect of data center operation,
particularly for data centers that utilize Switch, Ltd.,
improvements or in other data center designs to control and promote
efficient air flow.
SUMMARY
[0009] To overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, disclosed is an
electrical cabinet with associated air flow direction control
system. In one embodiment the cabinet has a front side, rear side,
a first side and a second side. The front side has one or more
openings to accept flow of cool air into the cabinet and the rear
side has one or more openings for exit of warm air from the rear
side of the cabinet. The front side, rear side, first side and
second side define an interior space configured to house heat
generating electrical equipment within the housing. A frame is
adjacent the rear side of the cabinet and the frame has a first
frame side and a second frame side. Two or more louvers are
adjacent the rear side of the cabinet and extend between the first
frame side and the second frame side. In this example embodiment,
at least one louver has at least one face positioned at an angle to
direct the warm air exiting the cabinets in a direction other than
perpendicular to the rear side of the cabinet.
[0010] This embodiment may further include two or more legs
connected to the frame such that the two or more legs cooperate
with the frame to adjust a height of the frame in relation to a
floor. The frame may be releasably connected to the cabinet
adjacent the rear side of the cabinet. In addition, the two or more
louvers may be fixed to the frame thereby fixing the angle
associated with the louver. Alternatively, the two or more louvers
may be movable in relation to the frame from a first position to a
second position such that the first position establishes a first
louver angle and the second position establishes a second louver
angle. Although described in relation to a first position and a
second position, the louvers may be set at any position, either
manually or automatically, either in steps, or through any other
movement control. The louvers may be opened or completely closed,
or moved to any position between open and closed. In one
embodiment, a stepper motor is used. The louvers may be moved by
actuators, either manual, mechanical, or automated, or any other
movement control devices. The louver position control devices may
receive signal, such as an electrical or wireless signal, from a
data center management system which monitors and controls the
entire data center including overall and specific location
temperature control, power usage, and airflow control. The data
center management system includes one or more computer which
received sensor data and process the sensor data to generate
automated or manually generated control signals that can control
the position of the louvers. It is also contemplated that the
louver position control devices may receive control signals
directly from an air flow or temperature sensors located near the
louvers for automated control or as a back-up control method.
[0011] The frame may include at least one motor associated with at
least one frame such that the at least one motor is responsive to a
control signal to change the angle of at least one louver. In one
configuration, a first group of the two or more louvers are
positioned at a first angle and a second group of two or more
louvers are position at a second angle.
[0012] Also disclosed is an arrangement of cabinets with associated
air flow direction control system. This embodiment includes a first
row of cabinets comprising three or more cabinets and a second row
of cabinets comprising three or more cabinets. The cabinets in the
first row of cabinets and the second row of cabinets have a front
side, rear side, a first side and a second side. The front side has
one or more front openings to accept flow of cool air into the
cabinet and the rear side has one or more rear openings for exit of
warm air from the rear side of the cabinet. The front side, rear
side, first side and second side define an interior space
configured to house heat generating electrical equipment within the
housing, such that the rear side of the front row of cabinets faces
the rear side of the second row of cabinets thereby establishing a
hot aisle between the first row of cabinets, second row of
cabinets, a floor, a ceiling. Also part of this embodiment is a
first set of louvers supported by a first frame adjacent the rear
side of the first row of cabinets. The first set of louvers extend
at least across a portion of the rear side of the cabinets that
form the first row of cabinets. A second set of louvers are
supported by a second frame adjacent the rear side of the second
row of cabinets. The second set of louvers extend at least across a
portion of the rear side of the cabinets that form the first row of
cabinets.
[0013] In one embodiment, the first set of louvers and the second
set of louvers are positioned at an angle to direct the warm air
exiting the cabinets upward to the ceiling and the ceiling is
configured to vent the warm air in the hot aisle from the hot
aisle. The first set of louvers may be adjustable between a first
position, a second position and a third position such that the
first position directs warm airflow upward, the second position
directs warm air flow perpendicular to the rear face of the
cabinets and the third position inhibits airflow from the one or
more rear openings. Although discussed as a first, second, and
third position, it is understood that the louvers may be adjusted
to any position. The arrangement of cabinets may further include
two or more legs associated with the frame such that the two or
more legs are adjustable to change a height of the louvers relative
to the floor. It is further contemplated that at least one motor
may be associated with at least one louver. The motor being
responsive to a motor control signal to change the angle of the at
least one louver.
[0014] It is also contemplated that a first group of the first set
of louvers are positioned at a first angle and a second group of
the second set of louvers are positioned at a second angle. In one
embodiment the arrangement of cabinets also includes one or more
temperature sensors, one or more air flow sensor, or both
configured to generate sensor signals, and a controller configured
to receive and process sensor signals. Responsive to the processing
of the sensor signals, the controller generates the motor control
signals which control the position of at least one louver and may
also control fans located in or as part of the louver.
[0015] Also disclosed is a method for maintaining temperature,
within a predetermined range, within a cabinet storing electrical
equipment. In one embodiment this method comprises providing a
first row of cabinets and providing a second row of cabinets. The
cabinets in the first row of cabinets and the second row of
cabinets having a front side and a rear side. The front side has
one or more front openings to accept flow of cool air into the
cabinet and the rear side has one or more rear openings for exit of
warm air from the rear side of the cabinet. The front side and rear
side defining an interior space configured to house heat generating
electrical equipment within the interior space. The rear side of
the front row of cabinets faces the rear side of the second row of
cabinets thereby establishing a hot aisle between the first row of
cabinets, second row of cabinets, a floor, a ceiling.
[0016] This method also includes adjusting a first set of louvers
to direct airflow exiting the rear side of the cabinet in a
direction non-perpendicular to the rear side of the first row of
cabinet. The first set of louvers is supported by a first frame
which is adjacent the rear side of the first row of cabinets and
the first set of louvers extend at least across at least a portion
of the rear side of the cabinets that form the first row of
cabinets. Adjusting a second set of louvers directs airflow exiting
the rear side of the cabinet in a direction non-perpendicular to
the rear side of the second row of cabinet. The second set of
louvers is supported by a second frame which is adjacent the rear
side of the second row of cabinets and the second set of louvers
extend across at least a portion of the rear side of the cabinets
that form the second row of cabinets.
[0017] To maintain temperature, cooling airflow is presented to the
front of the first row and second row of cabinets. The cooling
airflow flows from the front of the cabinet toward the rear of the
cabinets resulting in the cooling airflow becoming warm airflow.
After exiting the cabinet or when exiting the cabinet, the warm
airflow is directed by the louvers of the first row of cabinets and
the second row of cabinets toward one or more warm air vents
associated with the hot aisle. In one embodiment the warm air vents
are on or in the ceiling. The louvers may direct the air flow in
the same direction or different directions based on the location of
the warm air vents. In one embodiment, the warm air from the first
row of cabinets is directed by the louvers in a first direction and
the warm air from the second row of cabinets is directed by the
louvers in a second direction. In one configuration, the first
direction and the second direction are not opposing directions. In
one configuration, the first direction and the second direction are
toward the warm air vent in the hot aisle. The hot air may be
vented to the exterior of a building, used for building heating, or
this method of operation may cool the warm airflow entering the
warm air one or more warm air vents to create cool airflow and then
return the cool airflow to the front of the cabinets.
[0018] In one configuration, the rear side of the first row of
cabinets faces the rear side of the second row of cabinets. At
least one louver may be adjustable by a motor and the motor
responsive to a motor control signal from a controller. It is also
contemplated that one or more temperature sensors, airflow sensors,
or both are provided and are configured to provide a sensor signal
to the controller and the motor control signal responsive to the
sensor signal. In one embodiment, this method of operation also
includes increasing air flow with one or more fans mounted to at
least one louver such that adjusting a louver adjusts the one or
more fans mounted to the adjusted louver. To change the height of
the frames that hold the louvers, two or more legs may be height
adjusted to change a height of the first set of louvers and the
second set of louvers.
[0019] Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the
invention will be or will become apparent to one with skill in the
art upon examination of the following figures and detailed
description. It is intended that all such additional systems,
methods, features and advantages be included within this
description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected
by the accompanying claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale,
emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of
the invention. In the figures, like reference numerals designate
corresponding parts throughout the different views.
[0021] FIG. 1A illustrates a floor design used in an electrical
equipment room, such as a data center or co-location facility
according to the present invention.
[0022] FIG. 1B illustrates floor-based components disposed over the
floor design of the electrical equipment room, such as a
co-location facility, according to the present invention.
[0023] FIG. 1C illustrates a perspective cut-away view along line
c-c from FIG. 1A.
[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates a top plan view of an alternative
embodiment of the location and cabinet layout in an electrical
equipment room.
[0025] FIG. 3 illustrates a side plan view of the server and
cabinet layout in an electrical equipment room of FIG. 2.
[0026] FIG. 4 illustrates an improved cabinet layout.
[0027] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary cabinet with back mounted
louvers.
[0028] FIG. 6A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and
frame.
[0029] FIG. 6B illustrates a side view of the louvers of FIG.
6A.
[0030] FIG. 7A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and
frame.
[0031] FIG. 7B illustrates a side view of the louvers of FIG.
7A.
[0032] FIG. 8A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and
frame.
[0033] FIG. 8B illustrates a side view of the louvers of FIG.
8A.
[0034] FIG. 9A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and
frame.
[0035] FIG. 9B illustrates a side view of the louvers of FIG.
9A.
[0036] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary vertically aligned louver
position.
[0037] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary diagonally aligned louver
position.
[0038] FIG. 12 illustrates an example louver having integrated
fans.
[0039] FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B illustrate exemplary adjustable legs
for a frame containing louvers for use at the back of a
cabinet.
[0040] FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing example or representative
computing devices and associated elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] FIG. 1A illustrates a floor design used in an electrical
equipment room, such as for a data center or co-location facility,
according to the present invention. The preferred embodiment
discussed herein uses parallel rows of equipment configured back-to
back so that each row of equipment generally forces the heat from
the electronic equipment towards a hot aisle, thus also
establishing a cold aisle in the front of the equipment. The cold
aisles in FIG. 1A are illustrated at the dotted line block 60 and
the hot aisles are illustrated at the dotted line block 62. One
feature of the present invention is the provision for marking the
floor 50 to explicitly show the various areas of the facility. As
illustrated, the hot aisle 62 has a central area 52 that is tiled,
painted, taped or otherwise marked to indicate that it is center
area of the hot aisle 62, also referred to as a central hot air
area. The typical dimensions of the central area 52 are typically
in the range of 2'-4' across the width, with a row length
corresponding to the number of electronic cabinets in the row.
Marking with tiles is preferable as the marking will last, and
tiles that are red in color, corresponding to the generation of
heat, have been found preferable. Around this center area 52 is a
perimeter area 54, over which the cabinets are installed. This
perimeter area 54 is marked in another manner, such as using a grey
tile that is different in color from the center area 52. Around the
perimeter area 54 is an outside area 56, which is marked in yet a
different manner, such as using a light grey tile. The placement of
these markings for areas 52, 54 and 56 on the floor of the
facility, preferably prior to moving any equipment onto the floor,
allows for a visual correspondence on the floor of the various hot
and cold aisles. In particular, when installing cabinets over the
perimeter 54 are, the area that is for the front of the cabinet
that will face the cold aisle, and thus the area for the back of
the cabinet for the hot aisle, is readily apparent.
[0042] FIG. 1B illustrates floor-based components disposed over the
floor design of the co-location facility according to the present
invention. FIG. 1B also shows additional area of the floor, which
in this embodiment is provided to illustrate interaction of the
electronics equipment with the evaporators of the air conditioning
units. In the embodiment described with respect to FIG. 1B, certain
features are included so that conventional equipment, particularly
conventional air conditioning equipment, can effectively be used
While still creating the desired air flow patterns of the present
invention as described herein.
[0043] Before describing the components in FIG. 1B, an aspect of
the present invention is to isolate the hot air exhaust from the
areas that require cooling as much as possible, and to also create
air flows in which the air moves through the exhaust system, into
the air conditioning system, through the air conditioning ducts and
out to the cool equipment in a very rapid manner. In particular,
the amount of circulation established according to the present
invention moves air at a volume such that the entire volume of air
in the facility recirculates rapidly. In one embodiment
recirculation occurs at least once every 10 minutes, preferably
once every 5 minutes, and for maximum cooling once every minute. it
has been found that this amount of recirculation, in combination
with the air flows established by the present invention,
considerably reduce the temperature in the facility in an
environmentally efficient manner.
[0044] Cabinets 110 shown in FIG. 1B are placed generally over the
sides of the perimeter 54 as described, in rows. Different rows are
thus shown with cabinets 110 (a-f), with each letter indicating a
different row. Also included within the rows are electrical
equipment 170 to which the electronic equipment in each of the
cabinets 110 connect as described further herein, as well as power
equipment 180, containing circuit breakers as is known to protect
against energy spikes and the like, that is used to supply power
along wires to the electronics equipment in each of the cabinets
110 connect as described further herein. Air conditioning units 120
include the evaporator units 120 (1-6) that are shown being
physically separated by some type of barrier from the area 56
described previously with respect to FIG. 1A. The condenser units
of the air conditioning system that receive the warmed
refrigerant/water along lines 122 and are disposed outside the
walls of the facility are not shown. This physical separation is
implemented in order to establish warm exhaust channel area 240
separate from the physical space, which warm air area will connect
to a separate warm air area in the ceiling and allow the warm air
to flow into the exhaust channel area 240 and enter into intake
ducts of evaporator air conditioning equipment 120, as will be
described. This feature allows the usage of conventional evaporator
air conditioning equipment that has air intakes at the bottom of
the unit, as well as allows for usage of different air conditioning
equipment types, while still maintaining an efficient airflow
throughout the entire facility.
[0045] FIG. 1C illustrates a perspective cut-away view along line
c-c from FIG. 1A of the FIG. 1A. Additionally illustrated are the
false ceiling 140 and the actual ceiling 150, which have a gap that
is preferably at least 1.5-3 feet and advantageously at least 15
feet, as the higher the ceiling the more the ward air rises (and
thus also stays further away from the equipment in the cabinets
110). The false ceiling 140 is preferably made of tiles that can be
inserted into a suspended ceiling as is known, which tiles
preferably have are drywall vinyl tiles, which exhibit a greater
mass than many conventional tiles. Also shown are arrows that
illustrate the air floe being centrally lifted upward from the hot
air area containment chamber (hot aisle) 210 formed by the thermal
shields 400 to the area between the false ceiling 140 and the
actual ceiling 150, and the flow within the ceiling toward the warm
exhaust channel area 240, and then downward into the warm exhaust
channel area 240 with the wall 130 separating the area 56 and the
warm exhaust channel area 240. Also shown are arrows that take cold
air from the cold air ducts 310 and insert the air into the cold
aisles 60.
[0046] Though the arrows in the drawing are directed straight
downward, the vents themselves can be adjusted to force or direct
for directional downward flow at various angles. In a preferred
embodiment, each of the vents have a remote-controlled actuator
that allows for the offsite control of the vents, both in terms of
direction and volume of air let out of each vent. This allows
precise control such that if a particular area is hot, more cold
air can be directed thereto, and this can be detected (using
detectors not shown), and then adjusted for offsite.
[0047] FIG. 2 illustrates a top plan view of an alternative
embodiment of the room location and cabinet layout in an electrical
equipment room. This is but one example embodiment and those of
ordinary skill in the art will understand that other embodiment and
layouts are possible without departing from the scope of the claims
that follow.
[0048] As shown a building wall or containment wall 208 is shown
which defines an inner space. Within the interior space are three
main elements, normally one or more hot aisles 212, one or more
cold aisles 216 and one or more rows of cabinets 220. The cabinets
are configured to enclose and support electrical equipment, such as
but not limited to servers, communication equipment, power
supplies, control systems, routers, switches and switching
equipment, memory, or any other electronic or electrical
devices.
[0049] The cabinets are located between the hot aisles 212 and the
cold aisles 216 such that air flow passes through the cabinets 220,
such as from the front of the cabinet toward the back of the
cabinet. The air flow includes cool air flow 224 which enters the
cabinets 220 to cool the electrical equipment thereby conducting
heat from the electrical equipment to form hot air flow 230 in the
hot aisle. As shown, the rows of cabinets 220A, 220B placed back to
back to separate the hot aisle 212 from the cold aisles 216. The
front of the cabinet may be at a higher pressure than the back of
the cabinet thereby causing airflow from cabinet front to cabinet
back. One or more fans may be associated with the cabinets and/or
the electrical equipment located in the cabinet to create air flow
or increase air flow.
[0050] Also shown in FIG. 2 is a ventilation system that includes
one or more fans 240 and a cooling system 244. The fans 240 move
the air within the cold aisle 216 and/or the hot aisle 212. The
cooling system 244 removes the heat from the hot air flow 230
entering from the hot aisle to create cold air flow 224 which is
pushed back into the cold aisle 216. Air circulates in this manner
thereby maintaining a desired operating temperature of the
electrical equipment.
[0051] FIG. 3 illustrates a side plan view of the server and
cabinet layout in an electrical equipment room of FIG. 2. As
compared to FIG. 2, identical elements are labeled with identical
reference numbers. As shown in the side view of FIG. 3 a hot aisle
212 is between rows of cabinets 220A, 220B. Between the cabinets is
a hot aisle 212. In this embodiment, the front of the cabinets 220
faces the cold aisle 216 while the back of the cabinets 312 are in
the hot aisle 212.
[0052] In operation, as cold air flow 224 is blown into the cold
aisle 216 through one or more vents 316, it passes through the
cabinets 220A, 220B into the hot aisle 212. As a drawback to the
prior art, because the cabinets 220A, 220B have backs 312 which are
facing each other, the hot air exiting the back 312 of cabinets
220A is directed into the hot air exiting the back 312 of cabinet
220B. Thus, two opposing flows 340 of hot air are created in the
hot aisle 212. This generates circular air flow patterns, referred
to herein as eddies 340 and dead spots 344. The opposing air flow
340 and eddies 344 inhibits and prevents all of the hot air 230
from exiting the hot aisle 212 through the vent 320.
[0053] As can be appreciated, the opposing air flow 340 and eddies
344 create hots spots within the hot aisle and also inhibit the
free flow of air in the hot aisle. In some instances, the opposing
air flow 340 in the upper areas of the hot aisle creates an air
curtain which inhibits air flow from the hot aisle 212 and within
the cold aisle 216. In some instances, the hot aisle 212 is at a
higher pressure than the cold aisle 216 which in turn inhibits air
flow. This is a significant disadvantage for cooling efficacy. In
other situations, the air flow through the cabinets may be too fast
or faster than needed to maintain a desired cabinet temperature.
This wastes energy by dumping cool air into the hot aisle, while at
the same time denying that cool air to other cabinets in need of
cooling. As such, the vents may be adjusted to reduce air flow
through a cabinet, thereby causing additional airflow through other
cabinets and reducing cooling costs. In yet other situations, the
air flow through cabinets may be occurring when the cabinet is not
populated with electrical equipment. In such a situation, the lack
of equipment may create a low pressure air flow path that flows
high volumes of air through a cabinet with no or minimal electrical
equipment. Thus cooling is not needed in the cabinet that is only
sparsely populated with heat generating electrical equipment. In
addition, some cabinets may require more cooling due to the heat
generating nature of the equipment in the cabinet or the preferred
operating temperatures of the equipment in the cabinet.
[0054] FIG. 4 illustrates an improved cabinet layout. As compared
to FIGS. 2 and 3, identical elements are labeled with identical
reference numbers. In FIG. 4, the back 312 of the cabinets 220A,
220B are fitted with louvers 404 which may be adjusted to direct
air flow in a desired direction, or reduce air flow. As a result,
the upward air flow 408 does not flow in opposing direction
creating eddies or dead spots but instead is directed in the
direction of the hot air vent 320. This improved cooling, provides
even and uniform cooling across all parts of the back of the
cabinets, and provides control of cooling based on factors such as
cabinet usage.
[0055] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary cabinet with back mounted
louvers. This is but one possible embodiment and as such it is
contemplated that one of ordinary skill in the art will arrive at
different embodiments which do not depart from the claims that
follow. In this embodiment a cabinet 500 is shown with two opposing
side panels 504 and a top and bottom. The top and bottom may be
formed by the same material as the sides or formed by a ceiling and
floor respectively. The cabinet has a front side 508 and a rear or
back side 512. The sides 504, top, and bottom define an interior.
The interior is configured to house electrical equipment and may
include brackets 520 or mounting points on the interior of the
cabinet 500 to support and secure the electrical equipment. The
sides 504 of the cabinets 500 may have openings to allow for wires,
pipes, conduits or other elements to access the interior of the
cabinet.
[0056] Mounted at the back of the cabinets 500 is a frame 530
having a first side 534 and a second side 536. The frame 530 may
optionally include a top frame portion and bottom frame portion.
Mounted between the first side 534 and the second side 536 are
louvers 540 that are angled upward to direct the air flow from the
rear of the cabinets upward. Between each louver 540 is an open
space 544 which allows for the passage of air. The louvers 540 may
be at any angle. As discussed below in greater detail, the louvers
may be fixed in position, as shown in FIG. 5, or movable to thereby
adjust the direction of the air flow and the size of the openings
544. If adjustable, the louvers may pivot about a central pin (not
shown) or axis, in an arced recess, or in any other way now known
in the art or develop in the future.
[0057] At the bottom of the frame 530 are legs 550 that support the
frame on a floor. The legs may be of fixed length, or adjustable in
height to move the frame 530 and associated louvers 540 upward or
downward to align with the cabinet. Although not shown in this
embodiment, it is contemplated that the frame may also have rails
as part of the frame that expand the height of the frame. This may
be useful if the cabinet height changes or if different height
cabinets are in use or to expand the frame and louver dimensions to
cover the full height or width of the back side of the cabinet,
other structure or any opening. The legs or frame may mount to the
floor to provide a more secure attachment.
[0058] One or more brackets 560 may be attached to or be integral
with the frame 530 to attach the frame (and louvers) to the back of
the cabinet 504. Bolts, screws, magnetics, slots, clips, or any
other fastener may be used to secure the frame 530 to the cabinet
500. It is also contemplated that hinges may be used to connect the
frame(s) (and louvers) to the cabinets. Hinges allow the frame to
swing out of the way for access to the back of the cabinet.
[0059] In operation, the air exiting the back of the cabinet 500
hits the louvers and is directed upward (or in any direction based
on the louvers). When arranged as rows of cabinets as shown in FIG.
5, the louvers angle upward eliminate the air flow from the back to
back cabinets being opposing and thereby preventing dead spots and
eddies. This in turn increases cooling efficiency and
effectiveness.
[0060] FIG. 6A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and frame.
FIG. 6B illustrates a side view of the louvers. FIGS. 6A and 6B are
discussed together. FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate a frame 604 around
louvers 608. The frame 604 may include a top 612, bottom 616 and a
first and second sides 620, 624. In this embodiment, the louvers
608 are fixed at an upward angle. In this embodiment and all
embodiments described herein the louvers may any size or shape. In
this embodiment, the louvers 608 are straight but in other
embodiment the louvers may have another shape such as but not
limited to curved, angled, or oval, or any other shape or
pattern.
[0061] FIG. 7A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and frame.
FIG. 7B illustrates a side view of the louvers. FIGS. 7A and 7B are
discussed together. Identical or similar items are labeled with
identical reference numbers. It is contemplated that the louvers
may be adjustable. As shown the louvers 608 are adjusted to a
horizontal position within the frame 604. This arrangement provides
for maximum air flow, but the air flow is directed directly out the
back of the cabinet.
[0062] FIG. 8A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and frame.
FIG. 8B illustrates a side view of the louvers. FIGS. 8A and 8B are
discussed together. Identical or similar items are labeled with
identical reference numbers. It is contemplated that the louvers
may be adjustable. As shown the louvers 608 are adjusted to a
generally vertical position within the frame 604 to block or
inhibit air flow. This arrangement provides for minimal air flow.
In relation to FIGS. 6A, 7A and 8A, the louvers 608 may be set at
any angle.
[0063] FIG. 9A illustrates a perspective view of louvers and frame.
FIG. 9B illustrates a side view of the louvers. FIGS. 9A and 9B are
discussed together. In FIGS. 9A and 9B, identical or similar items
are labeled with identical reference numbers as compared to
[0064] FIGS. 6A and 6B. It is contemplated that the louvers may be
adjustable. As shown the louvers 608 are adjusted to different
angles depending on the location of the louvers in the frame 604.
Within a single frame 604 the louvers may be pointed in the upward
direction 904, aligned horizontal 908 for maximum air flow, or shut
912 to inhibit or prevent air flow. It is also contemplated that
some louvers may be removed thereby allowing free passage of some
air flow (where there are no louvers) while directing other airflow
upward based on the louver angle.
[0065] In this embodiment, it is contemplated that louvers 608 are
not fixed, but are movable between positions. In this embodiment,
the louvers are linked to or controlled by motors 924. A motor 924
may be dedicated to each louver 608 or multiple louvers may be
controlled by a single motor. Any type motor and/or gear/arm
assembly may be used. For example, an arm may extend vertically and
connects to one or more louvers such that movement of the arm moves
all the louvers which the arm connects. In one embodiment, a
stepper motor is used to precisely control louver position.
[0066] The stepper motors 924 are controlled by a controller 920.
The controller 920 may comprise a computer, processor, or any other
control system. It is contemplated that memory may be associated
with the controller 920 and the non-transitory memory stores
non-transitory machine readable or executable code. The controller
920 may interface and communicate with the memory and thus be
configured to execute non-transitory machine readable or executable
code based on one or more inputs or settings. In one embodiment,
the settings are stored in the memory and are user accessible and
changeable thereby making the louver position user controllable.
The louver position may also be based on input from one or more
sensors data 930, such as from temperature sensors, airflow
sensors, manual control by a user, or programmed control from an
outside or secondary input. The temperature sensor may be located
at any location inside the cabinets, on or near the electrical
equipment in each cabinet, on or near the louvers, or at any
location in the hot aisle. Likewise, the airflow sensors may be at
any of the locations. By using sensor data to control louver
position, a real time, dynamic feedback system is established that
maintains cooling while concurrently minimizing energy use and air
speed.
[0067] FIG. 10 illustrates exemplary vertically aligned louver
positions. In FIG. 10 identical or similar items are labeled with
identical reference numbers as compared to FIGS. 6A and 6B. As
shown, the louvers 608 are aligned vertically. As discussed above,
the louvers may be fixed, manually adjustable, or automatically
position controlled to different angles in the frame 604. Aligning
the louvers vertically directs the air flow toward either the side
of cabinet, such as if the hot air venting for the hot aisle were
at a side of the hot aisle, and not the top of the hot aisle.
[0068] FIG. 11 illustrates exemplary diagonally aligned louver
position. In FIG. 11 identical or similar items are labeled with
identical reference numbers as compared to FIGS. 6A and 6B. As
shown, the louvers 608 are aligned diagonally. As discussed above,
the louvers may be fixed, manually adjustable, or automatically
position controlled to different angles in the frame 604. Aligning
the louvers diagonally directs the air flow diagonally out the back
of the cabinet.
[0069] FIG. 12 illustrates an example louver having integrated
fans. This is but one possible arrangement of fans within a louver
and other designs are possible that depart from that shown in FIG.
12. As shown, a louver 1200 includes a louver frame 1208 having a
top 1212 and a bottom 1204 with two opposing sides 1212. The frame
may be solid or partially open. One or more sections within the
louver 1200 form openings 1240 that pass through the louver from
the front size 1244 to the back side 1248. Although open for air
flow, one or more screens, grates, or other elements may be
disposed over the openings 1244.
[0070] Associated with the louver 1200 are fans 1220 that are
aligned with the openings 1240 such that operation of the fan 1220
moves air through the opening from the backside 1248 of the louver
to the front side of the louver 1244. Any type fan 1220 may be used
that is sized to fit on a louver. Numerous computer fans are known
in the art and as such the fan 1220 is not described in detail. The
fan may be permanently mounted in the louver or connected with
screws, bolts, clips or any other connector means. The louver 1200
may have one or more fans 1200 in the louver and if a fan is not
mounted in an opening 1240, then the opening may be covered with a
cover or other element to deflect and direct the airflow according
to the position of the louver. The fans 1200 may be single speed,
multispeed, or variable speed.
[0071] The position of the louver is determined by a louver angle
control module 1228 that is configured to generate control signals
which are provided to a motor 1230 or other position control device
capable of moving the angle of the louver 1200. Any type controller
1228 and motor 1230 may be used as discussed therein. In addition,
the controller 1228 and motor 1230 may control a single louver, a
group of louvers, or all the louvers in the frame of louvers. In
addition, it is contemplated that in the group of louvers at the
back of a cabinet, one, a portion, or all of the louvers may have
fans incorporated therein. For example, the bottom louvers, near
the bottom of the cabinet, may have low air flow causing heat to
accumulate and to address this issue the louvers at the bottom of
cabinet may have fans installed to boost air flow and direct air
flow upward.
[0072] Controlling and/or providing power to the fans 1220 are
wires which connect to a fan controller 1224. In this embodiment,
the fan controller 1224 is configured to individually control each
fan's operation. In other embodiments, all the fans may function in
a unified manner. The fan controller 1224 may receive input from
other sources, such as sensors or user input. In one embodiment, a
memory associated with the controller 1224 includes a table of
stored temperatures for different sensor locations and a
corresponding fan speed and/or louver angle. This may be referred
to as a look up table. In other embodiments, one or more algorithms
receive data regarding one or more of temperature, system computing
load, air speed or flow, energy cost, time of day, and any other
factor regarding the server room, cabinets, load, cabinets, or the
cooling system to generate louver angle control signals and fan
speed control signals.
[0073] FIG. 13A and 13B illustrates exemplary adjustable legs for a
frame containing louvers for use at the back of a cabinet. In
reference to FIG. 13A, the frame 1304 is configured to support the
louvers. At or near the bottom of the frame 1304 is a leg 1312 that
forms a C-channel configured to accept the frame 1304 therein. One
or more bolts 1320 extend through one or more frame openings 1224
and one or more leg openings 1228. The bolts 1320 may be removed
and the frame 1304 moved upward or downward in the C-channel of the
leg 1312 to raise or lower the frame and louvers. To secure the
frame 1304 to leg 1312 after height adjustment, the bolts 1320 are
inserted through the openings 1324 and secure. Any other securing
device other than bolts may also be used. In one embodiment the leg
1312 also includes feet 1330 with one or more openings there
through to secure the leg to the floors, such as with bolts, pins
or screws.
[0074] FIG. 13B illustrates an alternative embodiment of an
adjustable height leg. In this embodiment, an upper leg 1360
cooperates with a lower leg 1364 to adjust the height of the upper
leg 1360. In this embodiment the interior dimensions of the upper
leg 1360 is greater than the out dimensions of the lower leg 1364
allowing the lower leg to fit within the upper leg. The upper leg
1360 and lower leg 1364 have two or more openings 1368 through
which a bolt 1372 or other securing device is placed. In operation
the upper leg 1360 may be moved relative to the lower leg 1364 to
adjust the height of the upper leg and the frame. The bolt 1372
secures the upper leg 1360 in place relative to the lower leg 1364.
Slip resistant feet 1376 may be placed at the bottom of the lower
leg 1364.
[0075] FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing example or representative
computing devices and associated elements that may be used to
implement the systems method and apparatus described herein. FIG.
14 shows an example of a generic computing device 1400A and a
generic mobile computing device 1450A, which may be used with the
techniques described here. Computing device 1400A is intended to
represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops,
desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade
servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. Computing
device 1450A is intended to represent various forms of mobile
devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular telephones,
smart phones, and other similar computing devices. The components
shown here, their connections and relationships, and their
functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to
limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed in
this document.
[0076] Computing device 1400A includes a processor 1402A, memory
1404A, a storage device 1406A, a high-speed interface or controller
1408A connecting to memory 1404A and high-speed expansion ports
1410A, and a low-speed interface or controller 1412A connecting to
low-speed bus 1414A and storage device 1406A. Each of the
components 1402A, 1404A, 1406A, 1408A, 1410A, and 1412A, are
interconnected using various busses, and may be mounted on a common
motherboard or in other manners as appropriate. The processor 1402A
can process instructions for execution within the computing device
1400A, including instructions stored in the memory 1404A or on the
storage device 1406A to display graphical information for a GUI on
an external input/output device, such as display 1416A coupled to
high-speed controller 1408A. In other implementations, multiple
processors and/or multiple buses may be used, as appropriate, along
with multiple memories and types of memory. Also, multiple
computing devices 1400A may be connected, with each device
providing portions of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server
bank, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system).
[0077] The memory 1404A stores information within the computing
device 1400A. In one implementation, the memory 1404A is a volatile
memory unit or units. In another implementation, the memory 1404A
is a non-volatile memory unit or units. The memory 1404A may also
be another form of computer-readable medium, such as a magnetic or
optical disk.
[0078] The storage device 1406A is capable of providing mass
storage for the computing device 1400A. In one implementation, the
storage device 1406A may be or contain a computer-readable medium,
such as a floppy disk device, a hard disk device, an optical disk
device, or a tape device, a flash memory or other similar solid
state memory device, or an array of devices, including devices in a
storage area network or other configurations. A computer program
product can be tangibly embodied in an information carrier. The
computer program product may also contain instructions that, when
executed, perform one or more methods, such as those described
above. The information carrier is a computer- or machine-readable
medium, such as the memory 1404A, the storage device 1406A, or
memory on processor 1402A.
[0079] The high-speed controller 1408A manages bandwidth-intensive
operations for the computing device 1400A, while the low-speed
controller 1412A manages lower bandwidth-intensive operations. Such
allocation of functions is exemplary only. In one implementation,
the high-speed controller 1408A is coupled to memory 1404A, display
1416A (e.g., through a graphics processor or accelerator), and to
high-speed expansion ports 1410A, which may accept various
expansion cards (not shown). In the implementation, low-speed
controller 1412A is coupled to storage device 1406A and low-speed
bus 1414A. The low-speed bus 1414, which may include various
communication ports (e.g., USB, Bluetooth, Ethernet, wireless
Ethernet) may be coupled to one or more input/output devices, such
as a keyboard, a pointing device, a scanner, or a networking device
such as a switch or router, e.g., through a network adapter.
[0080] The computing device 1400A may be implemented in a number of
different forms, as shown in the figure. For example, it may be
implemented as a standard server 1420A, or multiple times in a
group of such servers. It may also be implemented as part of a rack
server system 1424A. In addition, it may be implemented in a
personal computer such as a laptop computer 1422A. Alternatively,
components from computing device 1400A may be combined with other
components in a mobile device (not shown), such as device 1450A.
Each of such devices may contain one or more of computing device
1400A, 1450A, and an entire system may be made up of multiple
computing devices 1400A, 1450A communicating with each other.
[0081] Computing device 1450A includes a processor 1452A, memory
1464A, an input/output device, such as a display 1454A, a
communication interface 1466A, and a transceiver 1468A, among other
components. The device 1450A may also be provided with a storage
device, such as a microdrive or other device, to provide additional
storage. Each of the components 1450A, 1452A, 1464A, 1454A, 1466A,
and 1468A, are interconnected using various buses, and several of
the components may be mounted on a common motherboard or in other
manners as appropriate.
[0082] The processor 1452A can execute instructions within the
computing device 1450A, including instructions stored in the memory
1464A. The processor may be implemented as a chipset of chips that
include separate and multiple analog and digital processors. The
processor may provide, for example, for coordination of the other
components of the device 1450A, such as control of user interfaces,
applications run by device 1450A, and wireless communication by
device 1450A.
[0083] Processor 1452A may communicate with a user through control
interface 1458A and display interface 1456A coupled to a display
1454A. The display 1454A may be, for example, a TFT LCD
(Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid Crystal Display) or an OLED (Organic
Light Emitting Diode) display, or other appropriate display
technology. The display interface 1456A may comprise appropriate
circuitry for driving the display 1454A to present graphical and
other information to a user. The control interface 1458A may
receive commands from a user and convert them for submission to the
processor 1452A. In addition, an external interface 1462A may be
provided in communication with processor 1452A, so as to enable
near area communication of device 1450A with other devices.
External interface 1462A may provide, for example, for wired
communication in some implementations, or for wireless
communication in other implementations, and multiple interfaces may
also be used.
[0084] The memory 1464A stores information within the computing
device 1450A. The memory 1464A can be implemented as one or more of
a computer-readable medium or media, a volatile memory unit or
units, or a non-volatile memory unit or units. Expansion memory
1474A may also be provided and connected to device 1450A through
expansion interface 1472A, which may include, for example, a SIMM
(Single In Line Memory Module) card interface. Such expansion
memory 1474A may provide extra storage space for device 1450A, or
may also store applications or other information for device 1450A.
Specifically, expansion memory 1474A may include instructions to
carry out or supplement the processes described above, and may
include secure information also. Thus, for example, expansion
memory 1474A may be provide as a security module for device 1450A,
and may be programmed with instructions that permit secure use of
device 1450A. In addition, secure applications may be provided via
the SIMM cards, along with additional information, such as placing
identifying information on the SIMM card in a non-hackable
manner.
[0085] The memory may include, for example, flash memory and/or
NVRAM memory, as discussed below. In one implementation, a computer
program product is tangibly embodied in an information carrier. The
computer program product contains instructions that, when executed,
perform one or more methods, such as those described above. The
information carrier is a computer- or machine-readable medium, such
as the memory 1464A, expansion memory 1474A, or memory on processor
1452A, that may be received, for example, over transceiver 1468A or
external interface 1462A.
[0086] Device 1450A may communicate wirelessly through
communication interface 1466A, which may include digital signal
processing circuitry where necessary. Communication interface 1466A
may provide for communications under various modes or protocols,
such as GSM voice calls, SMS, EMS, or MMS messaging, CDMA, TDMA,
PDC, WCDMA, CDMA2000, or GPRS, among others. Such communication may
occur, for example, through radio-frequency transceiver 1468A. In
addition, short-range communication may occur, such as using a
Bluetooth, Wifi, or other such transceiver (not shown). In
addition, GPS (Global Positioning system) receiver module 1470A may
provide additional navigation- and location-related wireless data
to device 1450A, which may be used as appropriate by applications
running on device 1450.
[0087] Device 1450A may also communicate audibly using audio codec
1460, which may receive spoken information from a user and convert
it to usable digital information. Audio codec 1460A may likewise
generate audible sound for a user, such as through a speaker, e.g.,
in a handset of device 1450A. Such sound may include sound from
voice telephone calls, may include recorded sound (e.g., voice
messages, music files, etc.) and may also include sound generated
by applications operating on device 1450A.
[0088] The computing device 1450A may be implemented in a number of
different forms, as shown in the figure. For example, it may be
implemented as a cellular telephone 1480A. It may also be
implemented as part of a smart phone 1482A, personal digital
assistant, a computer tablet, or other similar mobile device.
[0089] Thus, various implementations of the systems and techniques
described here can be realized in digital electronic circuitry,
integrated circuitry, specially designed ASICs (application
specific integrated circuits), computer hardware, firmware,
software, and/or combinations thereof. These various
implementations can include implementation in one or more computer
programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable
system including at least one programmable processor, which may be
special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and
instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a
storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output
device.
[0090] These computer programs (also known as programs, software,
software applications or code) include machine instructions for a
programmable processor, and can be implemented in a high-level
procedural and/or object-oriented programming language, and/or in
assembly/machine language. As used herein, the terms
"machine-readable medium" "computer-readable medium" refers to any
computer program product, apparatus and/or device (e.g., magnetic
discs, optical disks, memory, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs))
used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable
processor, including a machine-readable medium that receives
machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term
"machine-readable signal" refers to any signal used to provide
machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor.
[0091] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and
techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having a
display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid
crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user
and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball)
by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of
devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well;
for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of
sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or
tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any
form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
[0092] The systems and techniques described here can be implemented
in a computing system (e.g., computing device 1400A and/or 1450A)
that includes a back end component (e.g., as a data server), or
that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server),
or that includes a front end component (e.g., a client computer
having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a
user can interact with an implementation of the systems and
techniques described here), or any combination of such back end,
middleware, or front end components. The components of the system
can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data
communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of
communication networks include a local area network ("LAN"), a wide
area network ("WAN"), and the Internet.
[0093] The computing system can include clients and servers. A
client and server are generally remote from each other and
typically interact through a communication network. The
relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer
programs running on the respective computers and having a
client-server relationship to each other.
[0094] In the example embodiment, computing devices 1400A and 1450A
are configured to receive and/or retrieve electronic signal and
commands from various other computing devices connected to
computing devices 1400A and 1450A through a communication network,
and store these electronic signals within at least one of memory
1404A, storage device 1406A, and memory 1464A. Computing devices
1400A and 1450A are further configured to manage and organize these
electronic signals within at least one of memory 1404A, storage
device 1406A, and memory 1464A using the techniques described
herein.
[0095] In addition, the logic flows depicted in the figures do not
require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve
desirable results. In addition, other steps may be provided, or
steps may be eliminated, from the described flows, and other
components may be added to, or removed from, the described systems.
Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the
following claims.
[0096] It is also contemplated that the louvers may be located on
the ceilings, roof areas, or the top sections of any element or
component. For example, the position adjustable louvers may be
located on the cool air vents to control the flow of cool air into
the data center, such as the cool aisle area, or to direct more
cool air to certain areas and less cool air to other areas. In
addition, the adjustable louver may be located on a roof or ceiling
to control the flow of hot or cool air into our out of any space
that is part of or associated with the data center. As describe
above, the adjustable louver may be fully open, fully closed, or
adjustable to any position therebetween. The louvers may also be
associated with a condenser, air exchanger, air conditioner, or any
other heating or ventilation unit. In one embodiment, the hot air
exhaust is used in connection with or directed by adjustable
louvers to melt snow or ice from a roof structure or other portion
of a building. It is contemplated that snow or ice may be melted
with the heated air directed to a snowy or icy area.
[0097] It will be appreciated that the above embodiments that have
been described in detail are merely example or possible
embodiments, and that there are many other combinations, additions,
or alternatives that may be included. For example, while online
gaming has been referred to throughout, other applications of the
above embodiments include online or web-based applications or other
cloud services.
[0098] Also, the particular naming of the components,
capitalization of terms, the attributes, data structures, or any
other programming or structural aspect is not mandatory or
significant, and the mechanisms that implement the invention or its
features may have different names, formats, or protocols. Further,
the system may be implemented via a combination of hardware and
software, as described, or entirely in hardware elements. Also, the
particular division of functionality between the various system
components described herein is merely exemplary, and not mandatory;
functions performed by a single system component may instead be
performed by multiple components, and functions performed by
multiple components may instead be performed by a single
component.
[0099] Some portions of above description present features in terms
of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on
information. These algorithmic descriptions and representations may
be used by those skilled in the data processing arts to most
effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in
the art. These operations, while described functionally or
logically, are understood to be implemented by computer programs.
Furthermore, it has also proven convenient at times, to refer to
these arrangements of operations as modules or by functional names,
without loss of generality.
[0100] Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the
above discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the
description, discussions utilizing terms such as "processing" or
"computing" or "calculating" or "determining" or "identifying" or
"displaying" or "providing" or the like, refer to the action and
processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing
device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as
physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system
memories or registers or other such information storage,
transmission or display devices.
[0101] Based on the foregoing specification, the above-discussed
embodiments of the invention may be implemented using computer
programming or engineering techniques including computer software,
firmware, hardware or any combination or subset thereof. Any such
resulting program, having computer-readable and/or
computer-executable instructions, may be embodied or provided
within one or more computer-readable media, thereby making a
computer program product, i.e., an article of manufacture,
according to the discussed embodiments of the invention. The
computer readable media may be, for instance, a fixed (hard) drive,
diskette, optical disk, magnetic tape, semiconductor memory such as
read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory, etc., or any
transmitting/receiving medium such as the Internet or other
communication network or link. The article of manufacture
containing the computer code may be made and/or used by executing
the instructions directly from one medium, by copying the code from
one medium to another medium, or by transmitting the code over a
network.
[0102] While the disclosure has been described in terms of various
specific embodiments, it will be recognized that the disclosure can
be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the
claims.
[0103] While various embodiments of the invention have been
described, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the
art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible
that are within the scope of this invention. In addition, the
various features, elements, and embodiments described herein may be
claimed or combined in any combination or arrangement.
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