U.S. patent application number 15/600443 was filed with the patent office on 2018-03-08 for transceiver for concurrently transmitting and receiving wireless signals.
The applicant listed for this patent is Movandi Corporation. Invention is credited to Alfred Grau Besoli, Michael Boers, Sam Gharavi, Ahmadreza Rofougaran, Maryam Rofougaran, Farid Shirinfar, Seunghwan Yoon.
Application Number | 20180069604 15/600443 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59070288 |
Filed Date | 2018-03-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180069604 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Rofougaran; Ahmadreza ; et
al. |
March 8, 2018 |
Transceiver for Concurrently Transmitting and Receiving Wireless
Signals
Abstract
A wireless transceiver using a phased array antenna panel for
concurrently transmitting and receiving wireless signals is
disclosed. The wireless transceiver includes receive antennas
forming a receive configuration and transmit antennas forming a
transmit configuration. The receive antennas form a receive beam at
a receive frequency based on phase and amplitude information
provided by a master chip in the phased array antenna panel. The
transmit antennas form a transmit beam at a transmit frequency
based on phase and amplitude information provided by the master
chip in the phased array antenna panel. The phase and amplitude
information for the receive antennas is provided by an RF front end
chip that is connected to the master chip. The phase and amplitude
information for the transmit antennas is provided by the RF front
end chip that is connected to the master chip.
Inventors: |
Rofougaran; Ahmadreza;
(Newport Coast, CA) ; Shirinfar; Farid; (Granada
Hills, CA) ; Gharavi; Sam; (Irvine, CA) ;
Boers; Michael; (South Turramurra, AU) ; Yoon;
Seunghwan; (Irvine, CA) ; Besoli; Alfred Grau;
(Irvine, CA) ; Rofougaran; Maryam; (Rancho Palos
Verdes, CA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Movandi Corporation |
Newport Beach |
CA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
59070288 |
Appl. No.: |
15/600443 |
Filed: |
May 19, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
15256038 |
Sep 2, 2016 |
9692489 |
|
|
15600443 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04B 7/0848 20130101;
H04B 7/185 20130101; H04B 7/10 20130101; H04B 7/0617 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H04B 7/04 20060101
H04B007/04; H04B 7/06 20060101 H04B007/06; H04B 7/185 20060101
H04B007/185 |
Claims
1-20: (canceled)
21: A wireless transceiver using a phased array antenna panel for
concurrently transmitting and receiving wireless signals, said
wireless transceiver comprising: receive antennas forming a receive
configuration; transmit antennas forming a transmit configuration;
said receive configuration comprising a cluster of said receive
antennas being capable of forming a receive beam at a receive
frequency; said transmit configuration comprising a cluster of
transmit antennas surrounded by said cluster of receive antennas,
said cluster of transmit antennas being capable of forming a
transmit beam at a transmit frequency.
22: The wireless transceiver of claim 21 wherein said cluster of
transmit antennas is a rectangular cluster of transmit antennas
surrounded by said cluster of receive antennas.
23: The wireless transceiver of claim 21 wherein said cluster of
transmit antennas is a non-rectangular cluster of transmit antennas
surrounded by said cluster of receive antennas.
24: The wireless transceiver of claim 21 wherein said transmit
antennas are smaller than receive antennas.
25: The wireless transceiver of claim 21 wherein said transmit
antennas and said receive antennas have substantially equal
sizes.
26: The wireless transceiver of claim 21 wherein said receive
frequency and said transmit frequency are separated by
approximately 2 GHz.
27: The wireless transceiver of claim 21 wherein a total number of
said receive antennas is greater than a total number of said
transmit antennas.
28: A wireless transceiver using a phased array antenna panel for
concurrently transmitting and receiving wireless signals, said
wireless transceiver comprising: receive antennas forming a receive
configuration; transmit antennas forming a transmit configuration;
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas; said receive
configuration comprising a cluster of said receive antennas being
capable of forming a receive beam at a receive frequency; said
transmit configuration comprising a cluster of transmit antennas
surrounded by said cluster of receive antennas, said cluster of
transmit antennas being capable of forming a transmit beam at a
transmit frequency; wherein said wireless transceiver is configured
to dynamically assign said reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas
so as to increase a number of said transmit antennas or increase a
number of said receive antennas.
29: The wireless transceiver of claim 28 wherein said cluster of
transmit antennas is a rectangular cluster of transmit antennas
surrounded by said cluster of receive antennas.
30: The wireless transceiver of claim 28 wherein said cluster of
transmit antennas is a non-rectangular cluster of transmit antennas
surrounded by said cluster of receive antennas.
31: The wireless transceiver of claim 28 wherein said transmit
antennas are smaller than receive antennas.
32: The wireless transceiver of claim 28 wherein said transmit
antennas and said receive antennas have substantially equal
sizes.
33: The wireless transceiver of claim 28 wherein said receive
frequency and said transmit frequency are separated by
approximately 2 GHz.
34: The wireless transceiver of claim 28 wherein a total number of
said receive antennas is greater than a total number of said
transmit antennas.
35: A wireless transceiver using a phased array antenna panel for
concurrently transmitting and receiving wireless signals, said
wireless transceiver comprising: reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas; said reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas forming a
receive beam at a receive frequency; said reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas forming a transmit beam at a transmit
frequency; wherein said wireless transceiver is configured to
dynamically assign said reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas so
as to increase a number of transmit antennas or increase a number
of receive antennas.
36: The wireless transceiver of claim 35 wherein said receive
frequency and said transmit frequency are separated by
approximately 2 GHz.
37: The wireless transceiver of claim 35 wherein said number of
said receive antennas is greater than said number of said transmit
antennas.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION(S)
[0001] The present application is related to U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 15/225,071, filed on Aug. 1, 2016, Attorney
Docket Number 0640101, and titled "Wireless Receiver with Axial
Ratio and Cross-Polarization Calibration," and U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 15/225,523, filed on Aug. 1, 2016, Attorney
Docket Number 0640102, and titled "Wireless Receiver with Tracking
Using Location, Heading, and Motion Sensors and Adaptive Power
Detection," and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/226,785, filed
on Aug. 2, 2016, Attorney Docket Number 0640103, and titled "Large
Scale Integration and Control of Antennas with Master Chip and
Front End Chips on a Single Antenna Panel," and U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 15/255,656, filed on Sep. 2, 2016, Attorney
Docket No. 0640105, and titled "Novel Antenna Arrangements and
Routing Configurations in Large Scale Integration of Antennas with
Front End Chips in a Wireless Receiver." The disclosures of these
related applications are hereby incorporated fully by reference
into the present application.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Satellite communications generally use different frequency
bands for receiving and transmitting wireless communications
signals, where the frequencies of the receive and transmit signals
can be, for example, about 2 GHz apart. As a result, a wireless
transceiver can utilize different antenna elements for receiving
and transmitting signals in communicating with a satellite. In
conventional wireless transceivers that can establish two-way
communications to and from satellites, transmit antennas and
receive antennas can be arranged on separate antenna panels. In
this conventional approach, the transmit panel and the receive
panel can be oriented and adjusted separately so that both panels
can align precisely with, for example, a target satellite. However,
in this conventional approach, wireless transceivers would have a
large size due to two separate antenna panels, and would also
require a large number of processing elements and complex routing
networks to coordinate the transmission and reception operations,
which can lead to undesirable signal delays, and high
implementation cost and complexity.
SUMMARY
[0003] The present disclosure is directed to a transceiver using
novel phased array antenna panel for concurrently transmitting and
receiving wireless signals, substantially as shown in and/or
described in connection with at least one of the figures, and as
set forth in the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0004] FIG. 1 illustrates a functional block diagram of a portion
of an exemplary wireless transceiver according to one
implementation of the present application.
[0005] FIG. 2A illustrates a top plan view of a portion of a phased
array antenna panel of an exemplary wireless transceiver according
to one implementation of the present application.
[0006] FIG. 2B illustrates a top plan view of a portion of a phased
array antenna panel of an exemplary wireless transceiver according
to one implementation of the present application.
[0007] FIG. 2C illustrates a top plan view of a portion of a phased
array antenna panel of an exemplary wireless transceiver according
to one implementation of the present application.
[0008] FIG. 2D illustrates a top plan view of a portion of a phased
array antenna panel of an exemplary wireless transceiver according
to one implementation of the present application.
[0009] FIG. 2E illustrates a top plan view of a portion of a phased
array antenna panel of an exemplary wireless transceiver according
to one implementation of the present application.
[0010] FIG. 2F illustrates a top plan view of a portion of a phased
array antenna panel of an exemplary wireless transceiver according
to one implementation of the present application.
[0011] FIG. 3 is an exemplary wireless communications system
utilizing exemplary wireless transceivers according to one
implementation of the present application.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] The following description contains specific information
pertaining to implementations in the present disclosure. The
drawings in the present application and their accompanying detailed
description are directed to merely exemplary implementations.
Unless noted otherwise, like or corresponding elements among the
figures may be indicated by like or corresponding reference
numerals. Moreover, the drawings and illustrations in the present
application are generally not to scale, and are not intended to
correspond to actual relative dimensions.
[0013] Referring now to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 illustrates a functional
block diagram of a portion of an exemplary wireless transceiver
according to one implementation of the present application. As
illustrated in FIG. 1, wireless transceiver 101 includes radio
frequency (RF) front end chips 106a, 106b, 106c, 106d, 106e, 106x,
and 106y (collectively referred to as RF front end chips 106a
through 106y), receive antennas 112a, 112b, 112x, 112y and 112z
(collectively referred to as receive antennas 112a through 112z),
transmit antennas 114a, 114b, 114m, 114n and 114o (collectively
referred to as transmit antennas 114a through 114o), reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 116a, 116b, 116v and 116w (collectively
referred to as reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 116a
through 116w), and master chip 180. In the present implementation,
wireless transceiver 101 includes receive antennas 112a through
112z, transmit antennas 114a through 114o and reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 116a through 116w in a single phased
array antenna panel for concurrently transmitting and receiving
wireless signals.
[0014] As can be seen in FIG. 1, RF front end chip 106a is
connected to a group of receive antennas, such as receive antennas
112a and 112b, while RF front end chip 106b is connected to a group
of receive antennas, such as receive antennas 112x and 112y. RF
front end chip 106c is connected to a group of transmit antennas,
such as transmit antennas 114a and 114b, while RF front end chip
106d is connected to a group of transmit antennas, such as transmit
antennas 114m and 114n. RF front end chip 106e is connected to one
or more receive antennas, such as receive antenna 112z, and one or
more transmit antennas, such as transmit antenna 114o. RF front end
chip 106x is connected to a group of reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas, such as reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 116a and 116b, while RF front end chip 106y is connected
to a group of reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas, such as
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 116v and 116w.
[0015] It should be noted that total numbers of receive antennas,
transmit antennas, and reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas may
vary to suit the specific needs of a particular application. For
example, in one implementation, wireless transceiver 101 may
include only receive antennas and transmit antennas in a single
phased array antenna panel. In another implementation, wireless
transceiver 101 may include receive antennas, transmit antennas,
and reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas in a single phased
array antenna panel. In yet another implementation, wireless
transceiver 101 may include only reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas in a single phased array antenna panel.
[0016] In the present implementation, each receive antenna, such as
receive antennas 112a through 112z, of wireless transceiver 101 may
operate in a reception mode and provide a horizontally-polarized
signal and a vertically-polarized signal, as a pair of linearly
polarized signals, to a corresponding RF front end chip, such as RF
front end chips 106a, 106b and 116e. Each of the RF front end chips
may combine all of the horizontally-polarized signals, by adding
powers and combining phases of the individual
horizontally-polarized signals, from the group of corresponding
receive antennas coupled thereto, and provide an H-combined output
(not explicitly shown in FIG. 1) to master chip 180. Similarly,
each of the RF front end chips may also combine all of the
vertically-polarized signals, by adding powers and combining phases
of the individual vertically-polarized signals, from the group of
corresponding receive antennas coupled thereto, and provide a
V-combined output (not explicitly shown in FIG. 1) to master chip
180. In the present implementation, master chip 180 is configured
to receive the H-combined and V-combined outputs from each of the
RF front end chips coupled to the receive antennas, and provide
phase shift information/signals to phase shifters and amplitude
control information/signals to various amplifiers (not explicitly
shown in FIG. 1) in the RF front end chips through control buses,
such as control buses 110a, 110b and 110e.
[0017] In the present implementation, each transmit antenna, such
as transmit antennas 114a through 114o, of wireless transceiver 101
may operate in a transmission mode, and transmit a
horizontally-polarized signal and a vertically-polarized signal, as
a pair of linearly polarized signals, provided by a corresponding
RF front end chip, such as RF front end chips 106c, 106d and 106e.
In the present implementation, master chip 180 is configured to
provide phase shift information/signals to phase shifters and
amplitude control information/signals to various amplifiers (not
explicitly shown in FIG. 1) in the RF front end chips through
control buses, such as control buses 110c, 110d and 110e, to
control amplitude and phase of horizontally-polarized signals and a
vertically-polarized signals being transmitted by transmit antennas
114a through 114o.
[0018] In the present implementation, receive antennas 112a through
112z, and optionally one or more reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 116a through 116w, form a receive beam at a receive
frequency based on phase and amplitude information provided by
master chip 180 to corresponding RF front end chips 106a, 106b and
106e in a phased array antenna panel, such as phased array antenna
panel 202 shown in FIGS. 2A through 2F. Transmit antennas 114a
through 114o, and optionally one or more reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 116a through 116w, form a transmit beam
at a transmit frequency based on phase and amplitude information
provided by master chip 180 to corresponding RF front end chips
106c, 106d and 106e in the phased array antenna panel.
[0019] In the present implementation, each reconfigurable
receive/transmit antenna, such as reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 116a through 116w, of wireless transceiver 101 is coupled
to a corresponding RF front end chip, and may operate in either the
reception or transmission mode. For example, each reconfigurable
receive/transmit antenna may receive or transmit a
horizontally-polarized signal and a vertically-polarized signal, as
a pair of linearly polarized signals, depending on the mode of
operation it is in. Wireless transceiver 101 is configured to
dynamically assign reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 116a
through 116w to operate in either the reception or transmission
mode. As a consequence, the total number of the transmit antennas
or the total number of the receive antennas on the phased array
antenna panel can be increased.
[0020] For example, when reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas
116a through 116w are assigned to operate in the reception mode,
each reconfigurable receive/transmit antenna may provide a
horizontally-polarized signal and a vertically-polarized signal, as
a pair of linearly polarized signals, to a corresponding RF front
end chip, such as RF front end chips 106x and 116y. Each of the RF
front end chips may combine all of the horizontally-polarized
signals, by adding powers and combining phases of the individual
horizontally-polarized signals, from the group of corresponding
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas coupled thereto, and
provide an H-combined output (not explicitly shown in FIG. 1) to
master chip 180. Similarly, each of the RF front end chips may also
combine all of the vertically-polarized signals, by adding powers
and combining phases of the individual vertically-polarized
signals, from the group of corresponding reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas coupled thereto, and provide a V-combined
output (not explicitly shown in FIG. 1) to master chip 180. Master
chip 180 is configured to receive the H-combined and V-combined
outputs from each of the RF front end chips coupled to the
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas, and provide phase shift
signals to phase shifters, and amplitude control signals to various
amplifiers, in the RF front end chips through control buses, such
as control buses 110x and 110y.
[0021] For example, when reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas
116a through 116w are assigned to operate in the transmission mode,
each reconfigurable receive/transmit antenna may transmit a
horizontally-polarized signal and a vertically-polarized signal, as
a pair of linearly polarized signals, provided by a corresponding
RF front end chip, such as RF front end chips 106x and 106y.
[0022] It should be understood that wireless transceiver 101 may
assign only a portion of reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas
116a through 116w to operate in the transmission mode, while assign
another portion of reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 116a
through 116w to operate in the reception mode. For example,
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 116a and 116b, although
both coupled to RF front end chip 106x, may be assigned to
different operation modes, with one in the transmission mode and
the other one in the reception mode.
[0023] In one implementation, master chip 180 is configured to
drive in parallel control buses 110a through 110y. By way of one
example, and without limitation, control buses 110a through 110y
are ten-bit control buses in the present implementation. In one
implementation, RF front end chips 106a through 106y, and all the
receive, transmit, and reconfigurable transmit/receiver antennas
coupled to corresponding RF front end chips 106a through 106y, and
master chip 180 are integrated on a single substrate, such as a
printed circuit board.
[0024] Referring now to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2A illustrates a top plan
view of a portion of a phased array antenna panel of an exemplary
wireless transceiver according to one implementation of the present
application. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, phased array antenna panel
202 includes receive antennas, such as receive antennas 212a, 212b
and 212z (collectively referred to as receive antennas 212a through
212z). Phased array antenna panel 202 also includes transmit
antennas, such as transmit antennas 214a, 214b and 214o
(collectively referred to as transmit antennas 214a through 214o).
As illustrated in FIG. 2A, receive antennas 212a through 212z and
transmit antennas 214a through 214o form an alternating
configuration where receive antennas 212a through 212z and transmit
antennas 214a through 214o are approximately evenly interspaced in
phased array antenna panel 202.
[0025] As shown in FIG. 2A, receive antennas 212a and 212b are
separated by distance d1, while receive antenna 212a and transmit
antenna 214a are separated by distance d2. In the present
implementation, d1=2.times.d2. In other words, each of the transmit
antennas is approximately half-way between two of the receive
antennas. In another implementation, there may be multiple transmit
antennas between every pair of immediately adjacent receive
antennas. In one implementation, the total number of receive
antennas 212a through 212z is greater than the total number of
transmit antennas 214a through 214o. In another implementation, the
total number of receive antennas 212a through 212z and the total
number of transmit antennas 214a through 214o may vary to suit the
specific needs of a particular application.
[0026] As illustrated in FIG. 2A, transmit antennas 214a through
214o in phased array antenna panel 202 may each have a
substantially square shape that is slightly smaller than receive
antennas 212a through 212z. This is because the receive frequency
and the transmit frequency of the wireless transceiver are set to
be different to ensure signal isolation between the receive and
transmit signals. For example, receive antennas 212a through 212z
in phased array antenna panel 202 may receive signals having a
receive frequency of approximately 10 GHz, while transmit antennas
214a through 2140 in phased array antenna panel 202 may transmit
signals having a transmit frequency of approximately 12 GHz. As
such, the receive frequency and the transmit frequency are
separated by approximately 2 GHz to ensure signal isolation.
[0027] In one implementation, receive antennas 212a through 212z in
phased array antenna panel 202 as shown in FIG. 2A, may be
configured to receive signals from one or more wireless
transmitters, such as commercial geostationary communication
satellites or low earth orbit satellites having a very large
bandwidth in the 10 GHz to 20 GHz frequency range and a very high
data rate. In one implementation, for a wireless transmitter, such
as satellite 360 in FIG. 3, transmitting signals at 10 GHz (i.e.,
.lamda..apprxeq.30 mm), each receive antenna in phased array
antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter wavelength
(e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) by a quarter wavelength (e.g.,
.lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) to receive the transmitted signals. As
illustrated in FIG. 2A, receive antennas 212a through 212z in
phased array antenna panel 202 may each have a substantially square
shape having dimensions of 7.5 mm by 7.5 mm, for example. In one
implementation, each adjacent pair of receive antennas may be
separated by a distance of a multiple integer of the quarter
wavelength (i.e., n*.lamda./4), such as 7.5 mm, 15 mm, 22.5 mm, and
etc.
[0028] In one implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214o
in phased array antenna panel 202 as shown in FIG. 2A, may be
configured to transmit signals to one or more wireless receivers,
such as commercial geostationary communication satellites or low
earth orbit satellites having a very large bandwidth in the 10 GHz
to 20 GHz frequency range and a very high data rate. In one
implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214o may transmit
signals at 12 GHz (i.e., .lamda..apprxeq.25 mm) to a wireless
receiver, such as satellite 360 in FIG. 3. Each transmit antenna in
phased array antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) by a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) to transmit signals at
12 GHz. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, transmit antennas 214a through
214o in phased array antenna panel 202 may each have a
substantially square shape having dimensions of 6.25 mm by 6.25 mm,
for example. In one implementation, each adjacent pair of transmit
antennas may be separated by a distance of a multiple integer of
the quarter wavelength (i.e., n*.lamda./4), such as 6.25 mm, 12.5
mm, 18.75 mm, and etc.
[0029] In another implementation, using much smaller antenna sizes,
transmit antennas 214a through 214o in phased array antenna panel
202 may be configured to transmit signals in the 60 GHz frequency
range, while receive antennas 212a through 212z in phased array
antenna panel 202 may also be configured to receive signals in the
60 GHz frequency range, sometimes referred to as "60 GHz
communications," which involve transmission and reception of
millimeter wave signals. Among the applications for 60 GHz
communications are wireless personal area networks, wireless
high-definition television signal and Point-to-Point links. In that
implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214o and receive
antennas 212a through 212z in phased array antenna panel 202 may
have substantially equal sizes (that are both generally much
smaller than antenna sizes used in 10 GHz or 12 GHz
communications).
[0030] In the present implementation, phased array antenna panel
202 is a flat panel array employing receive antennas 212a through
212z and transmit antennas 214a through 214o, where phased array
antenna panel 202 is coupled to associated active circuits to form
beams for reception and transmission. In one implementation, the
reception beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase and
amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end circuits
(such as RF front end chips 106a, 106b and 106e in FIG. 1)
associated with receive antennas 212a through 212z. In one
implementation, the transmission beam is formed fully
electronically by means of phase and amplitude control circuits,
for example, in RF front end circuits (such as RF front end chips
106c, 106d and 106e in FIG. 1) associated with transmit antennas
214a through 214o. Thus, phased array antenna panel 202 can provide
for beamforming for both reception and transmission without the use
of any mechanical parts, thereby reducing signal delay,
implementation cost and complexity.
[0031] Referring now to FIG. 2B, FIG. 2B illustrates a top plan
view of a portion of a phased array antenna panel of an exemplary
wireless transceiver according to one implementation of the present
application. As illustrated in FIG. 2B, phased array antenna panel
202 includes receive antennas, such as receive antennas 212a, 212b,
212c, 212d, 212v, 212w, 212x and 212y (collectively referred to as
receive antennas 212a through 212y). Phased array antenna panel 202
also includes transmit antennas, such as transmit antennas 214a,
214b and 214n (collectively referred to as transmit antennas 214a
through 214n). As illustrated in FIG. 2B, receive antennas 212a
through 212y and transmit antennas 214a through 214n form a
staggered row configuration where receive antennas 212a through
212y and transmit antennas 214a through 214n are arranged in
staggered rows. As illustrated in FIG. 2B, transmit antenna 214a is
approximately centered between receive antennas 212a, 212b, 212c
and 212d, where transmit antenna 214a is spaced from each of
receive antennas 212a, 212b, 212c and 212d at substantially equal
distances. Similarly, transmit antenna 214n is approximately
centered between receive antennas 212v, 212w, 212x and 212y, where
transmit antenna 214n is spaced from each of receive antennas 212v,
212w, 212x and 212y at substantially equal distances. In another
implementation, there may be multiple transmit antennas between
every group of four receive antennas. In one implementation, the
total number of receive antennas 212a through 212y is greater than
the total number of transmit antennas 214a through 214n. In another
implementation, the total number of receive antennas 212a through
212y and the total number of transmit antennas 214a through 214n
may vary to suit the specific needs of a particular
application.
[0032] As illustrated in FIG. 2B, transmit antennas 214a through
214n in phased array antenna panel 202 may each have a
substantially square shape, that is slightly smaller than receive
antennas 212a through 212y. Similar to FIG. 2A, this is because the
receive frequency and the transmit frequency of the wireless
transceiver may be set to be different to ensure signal isolation
between the receive and transmit signals. For example, receive
antennas 212a through 212y in phased array antenna panel 202 may
receive signals having a receive frequency of approximately 10 GHz,
while transmit antennas 214a through 214n in phased array antenna
panel 202 may transmit signals having a transmit frequency of
approximately 12 GHz. As such, the receive frequency and the
transmit frequency are separated by approximately 2 GHz to ensure
signal isolation.
[0033] In one implementation, receive antennas 212a through 212y in
phased array antenna panel 202 as shown in FIG. 2B, may be
configured to receive signals from one or more wireless
transmitters, such as commercial geostationary communication
satellites or low earth orbit satellites having a very large
bandwidth in the 10 GHz to 20 GHz frequency range and a very high
data rate. In one implementation, for a wireless transmitter, such
as satellite 360 in FIG. 3, transmitting signals at 10 GHz (i.e.,
.lamda..apprxeq.30 mm), each receive antenna in phased array
antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter wavelength
(e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) by a quarter wavelength (e.g.,
.lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) to receive signals. As illustrated in
FIG. 2B, receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased array antenna
panel 202 may each have a substantially square shape having
dimensions of 7.5 mm by 7.5 mm, for example. In one implementation,
each adjacent pair of receive antennas may be separated by a
distance of a multiple integer of the quarter wavelength (i.e.,
n*.lamda./4), such as 7.5 mm, 15 mm, 22.5 mm, and etc.
[0034] In one implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214n
in phased array antenna panel 202 as shown in FIG. 2B, may be
configured to transmit signals to one or more wireless receivers,
such as commercial geostationary communication satellites or low
earth orbit satellites having a very large bandwidth in the 10 GHz
to 20 GHz frequency range and a very high data rate. In one
implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214n may transmit
signals at 12 GHz (i.e., .lamda..apprxeq.25 mm) to a wireless
receiver, such as satellite 360 in FIG. 3. Each transmit antenna in
phased array antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) by a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) to transmit signals.
As illustrated in FIG. 2B, transmit antennas 214a through 214n in
phased array antenna panel 202 may each have a substantially square
shape having dimensions of 6.25 mm by 6.25 mm, for example. In one
implementation, each adjacent pair of transmit antennas may be
separated by a distance of a multiple integer of the quarter
wavelength (i.e., n*.lamda./4), such as 6.25 mm, 12.5 mm, 18.75 mm,
and etc.
[0035] In another implementation, using much smaller antenna sizes,
transmit antennas 214a through 214n in phased array antenna panel
202 may be configured to transmit signals in the 60 GHz frequency
range, while receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased array
antenna panel 202 may also be configured to receive signals in the
60 GHz frequency range. In that implementation, transmit antennas
214a through 214n and receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased
array antenna panel 202 may have substantially equal sizes (that
are both generally much smaller than antenna sizes used in GHz or
12 GHz communications).
[0036] In the present implementation, phased array antenna panel
202 is a flat panel array employing receive antennas 212a through
212y and transmit antennas 214a through 214n, where phased array
antenna panel 202 is coupled to associated active circuits to form
beams for reception and transmission. In one implementation, the
reception beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase and
amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end circuits
(such as RF front end chips 106a and 106b in FIG. 1) associated
with receive antennas 212a through 212y. In one implementation, the
transmission beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase
and amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end
circuits (such as RF front end chips 106c and 106d in FIG. 1)
associated with transmit antennas 214a through 214n. Thus, phased
array antenna panel 202 can provide for beamforming for both
reception and transmission without the use of any mechanical parts,
thereby reducing signal delay, implementation cost and
complexity.
[0037] Referring now to FIG. 2C, FIG. 2C illustrates a top plan
view of a portion of a phased array antenna panel of an exemplary
wireless transceiver according to one implementation of the present
application. As illustrated in FIG. 2C, phased array antenna panel
202 includes receive antennas, such as receive antennas 212a, 212b
and 212y (collectively referred to as receive antennas 212a through
212y). Phased array antenna panel 202 also includes transmit
antennas, such as transmit antennas 214a, 214b, 214m and 214n
(collectively referred to as transmit antennas 214a through
214n).
[0038] As illustrated in FIG. 2C, receive antennas 212a through
212y are in receive configuration 240. In the present
implementation, receive configuration 240 includes a cluster of
receive antennas. Transmit antennas 214a through 214n are in
transmit configuration 220. In the present implementation, transmit
configuration 220 includes a rectangular cluster of transmit
antennas. As illustrated in FIG. 2C, the cluster of transmit
antennas 214a through 214n is a rectangular cluster of transmit
antennas surrounded by the cluster of receive antennas 212a through
212y. In one implementation, the total number of receive antennas
212a through 212y is greater than the total number of transmit
antennas 214a through 214n. In another implementation, the number
of receive antennas in receive configuration 240 and the number of
transmit antennas in transmit configuration 220 may vary to suit
the specific needs of a particular application.
[0039] In one implementation, receive antennas 212a through 212y
and transmit antennas 214a through 214n in phased array antenna
panel 202 may be configured to communicate with one or more
wireless transceivers, such as commercial geostationary
communication satellites or low earth orbit satellites having a
very large bandwidth in the 10 GHz to 20 GHz frequency range and a
very high data rate. As illustrated in FIG. 2C, similar to FIGS. 2A
and 2B, transmit antennas 214a through 214n may each have a
substantially square shape, that is slightly smaller than receive
antennas 212a through 212y. For example, receive antennas 212a
through 212y may receive signals having a receive frequency of
approximately 10 GHz, while transmit antennas 214a through 214n may
transmit signals having a transmit frequency of approximately 12
GHz. As such, the receive frequency and the transmit frequency are
separated by approximately 2 GHz to ensure signal isolation.
[0040] In one implementation, for a wireless transmitter, such as
satellite 360 in FIG. 3, transmitting signals at 10 GHz (i.e.,
.lamda..apprxeq.30 mm), each receive antenna in phased array
antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter wavelength
(e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) by a quarter wavelength (e.g.,
.lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) to receive signals. In one
implementation, each adjacent pair of receive antennas may be
separated by a distance of a multiple integer of the quarter
wavelength (i.e., n*.lamda./4), such as 7.5 mm, 15 mm, 22.5 mm, and
etc. In one implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214n may
transmit signals at 12 GHz (i.e., .lamda..apprxeq.25 mm) to a
wireless receiver, such as satellite 360 in FIG. 3. Each transmit
antenna in phased array antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least
a quarter wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) by a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) to transmit signals.
In one implementation, each adjacent pair of transmit antennas may
be separated by a distance of a multiple integer of the quarter
wavelength (i.e., n*.lamda./4), such as 6.25 mm, 12.5 mm, 18.75 mm,
and etc.
[0041] In another implementation, using much smaller antenna sizes,
transmit antennas 214a through 214n in phased array antenna panel
202 may be configured to transmit signals in the 60 GHz frequency
range, while receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased array
antenna panel 202 may also be configured to receive signals in the
60 GHz frequency range. In that implementation, transmit antennas
214a through 214n and receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased
array antenna panel 202 may have substantially equal sizes (that
are both generally much smaller than antenna sizes used in GHz or
12 GHz communications).
[0042] In the present implementation, phased array antenna panel
202 is a flat panel array employing receive antennas 212a through
212y and transmit antennas 214a through 214n, where phased array
antenna panel 202 is coupled to associated active circuits to form
beams for reception and transmission. In one implementation, the
reception beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase and
amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end circuits
(such as RF front end chips 106a and 106b in FIG. 1) associated
with receive antennas 212a through 212y. In one implementation, the
transmission beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase
and amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end
circuits (such as RF front end chips 106c and 106d in FIG. 1)
associated with transmit antennas 214a through 214n. Thus, phased
array antenna panel 202 can provide for beamforming for both
reception and transmission without the use of any mechanical parts,
thereby reducing signal delay, implementation cost and
complexity.
[0043] Referring now to FIG. 2D, FIG. 2D illustrates a top plan
view of a portion of a phased array antenna panel of an exemplary
wireless transceiver according to one implementation of the present
application. As illustrated in FIG. 2D, phased array antenna panel
202 includes receive antennas, such as receive antennas 212a, 212b,
212x and 212y (collectively referred to as receive antennas 212a
through 212y). Phased array antenna panel 202 also includes
transmit antennas, such as transmit antennas 214a, 214b, 214m and
214n (collectively referred to as transmit antennas 214a through
214n).
[0044] As illustrated in FIG. 2D, a portion of receive antennas
212a through 212y are in receive configuration 240a, while another
portion of receive antennas 212a through 212y are in receive
configuration 240b. In the present implementation, each of receive
configurations 240a and 240b includes a cluster of receive
antennas. As further illustrated in FIG. 2D, a portion of transmit
antennas 214a through 214n is in transmit configuration 220a, while
another portion of transmit antennas 214a through 214n is in
transmit configuration 220b. In the present implementation, each of
transmit configurations 220a and 220b is a non-rectangular cluster
of transmit antennas. As shown in FIG. 2D, the cluster of transmit
antennas in transmit configuration 220a is a substantially circular
cluster of transmit antennas surrounded by the cluster of receive
antennas in receive configuration 240a. Similarly, the cluster of
transmit antennas in transmit configuration 220b is a substantially
circular cluster of transmit antennas surrounded by the cluster of
receive antennas in receive configuration 240b.
[0045] In one implementation, the total number of receive antennas
212a through 212y is greater than the total number of transmit
antennas 214a through 214n. In another implementation, the number
of receive antennas in receive configuration 240a and the number of
transmit antennas in transmit configuration 220a may vary to suit
the needs of a particular application. Similarly, the number of
receive antennas in receive configuration 240b and the number of
transmit antennas in transmit configuration 220b may vary to suit
the needs of a particular application.
[0046] In one implementation, receive antennas 212a through 212y
and transmit antennas 214a through 214n in phased array antenna
panel 202 may be configured to communicate with one or more
wireless transceivers, such as commercial geostationary
communication satellites or low earth orbit satellites having a
very large bandwidth in the 10 GHz to 20 GHz frequency range and a
very high data rate. As illustrated in FIG. 2D, transmit antennas
214a through 214n may each have a substantially square shape, that
is slightly smaller than receive antennas 212a through 212y. For
example, receive antennas 212a through 212y may receive signals
having a receive frequency of approximately 10 GHz, while transmit
antennas 214a through 214n may transmit signals having a transmit
frequency of approximately 12 GHz. As such, the receive frequency
and the transmit frequency are separated by approximately 2 GHz to
ensure signal isolation.
[0047] In one implementation, for a wireless transmitter, such as
satellite 360 in FIG. 3, transmitting signals at 10 GHz (i.e.,
.lamda..apprxeq.30 mm), each receive antenna in phased array
antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter wavelength
(e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) by a quarter wavelength (e.g.,
.lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) to receive signals. In one
implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214n may transmit
signals at 12 GHz (i.e., .lamda..apprxeq.25 mm) to a wireless
receiver, such as satellite 360 in FIG. 3. Each transmit antenna in
phased array antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) by a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) to transmit signals.
In one implementation, each adjacent pair of transmit antennas may
be separated by a distance of a multiple integer of the quarter
wavelength (i.e., n*.lamda./4), such as 6.25 mm, 12.5 mm, 18.75 mm,
and etc.
[0048] In another implementation, using much smaller antenna sizes,
transmit antennas 214a through 214n in phased array antenna panel
202 may be configured to transmit signals in the 60 GHz frequency
range, while receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased array
antenna panel 202 may also be configured to receive signals in the
60 GHz frequency range. In that implementation, transmit antennas
214a through 214n and receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased
array antenna panel 202 may have substantially equal sizes (that
are both generally much smaller than antenna sizes used in GHz or
12 GHz communications).
[0049] In the present implementation, phased array antenna panel
202 is a flat panel array employing receive antennas 212a through
212y and transmit antennas 214a through 214n, where phased array
antenna panel 202 is coupled to associated active circuits to form
beams for reception and transmission. In one implementation, the
reception beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase and
amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end circuits
(such as RF front end chips 106a and 106b in FIG. 1) associated
with receive antennas 212a through 212y. In one implementation, the
transmission beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase
and amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end
circuits (such as RF front end chips 106c and 106d in FIG. 1)
associated with transmit antennas 214a through 214n. Thus, phased
array antenna panel 202 can provide for beamforming for both
reception and transmission without the use of any mechanical parts,
thereby reducing signal delay, implementation cost and
complexity.
[0050] Referring now to FIG. 2E, FIG. 2E illustrates a top plan
view of a portion of a phased array antenna panel of an exemplary
wireless transceiver according to one implementation of the present
application. As illustrated in FIG. 2E, phased array antenna panel
202 includes receive antennas, such as receive antennas 212a, 212b,
212x and 212y (collectively referred to as receive antennas 212a
through 212y). Phased array antenna panel 202 also includes
transmit antennas, such as transmit antennas 214a, 214b, 214c and
214d (collectively referred to as transmit antennas 214a through
214d). Phased array antenna panel 202 further includes
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas, such as reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 216a, 216b, 216v and 216w (collectively
referred to as reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a
through 216w).
[0051] As illustrated in FIG. 2E, receive antennas 212a through
212y are in receive configuration 240, which includes a cluster of
receive antennas. Also, transmit antennas 214a through 214d are in
transmit configuration 220, which includes a rectangular cluster of
transmit antennas. In addition, reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 216a through 216w are in reconfigurable receive/transmit
configuration 230, which includes a rectangular cluster of
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas. As shown in FIG. 2E, the
cluster of transmit antennas in transmit configuration 220 is
surrounded by the cluster of reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas in reconfigurable receive/transmit configuration 230. The
cluster of reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas in
reconfigurable receive/transmit configuration 230 is in turn
surrounded by the cluster of receive antennas in receive
configuration 240.
[0052] In the present implementation, a wireless transceiver is
configured to dynamically assign reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 216a through 216w so that each of reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216w may operate in either
the transmission mode or in the reception mode. As a consequence,
the total number of transmit antennas or the total number of
receive antennas in phased array antenna panel 202 may be
increased. In other words, depending on the specific needs of a
particular application, the wireless transceiver may assign one or
more reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216w to
operate in the transmission mode along with transmit antennas 214a
through 214d to transmit signals, or operate in the reception mode
along with receive antennas 212a through 212y to receive signals.
In one implementation, the number of receive antennas in receive
configuration 240, the number of reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas in reconfigurable receive/transmit configuration 230, and
the number of transmit antennas in transmit configuration 220a may
vary to suit the specific needs of a particular application.
[0053] In one implementation, receive antennas 212a through 212y,
transmit antennas 214a through 214d, and reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216w in phased array antenna
panel 202 may be configured to communicate with one or more
wireless transceivers, such as commercial geostationary
communication satellites or low earth orbit satellites having a
very large bandwidth in the 10 GHz to 20 GHz frequency range and a
very high data rate. As illustrated in FIG. 2E, transmit antennas
214a through 214d may each have a substantially square shape, that
is slightly smaller than receive antennas 212a through 212y. For
example, receive antennas 212a through 212y may receive signals
having a receive frequency of approximately 10 GHz, while transmit
antennas 214a through 214d may transmit signals having a transmit
frequency of approximately 12 GHz. As such, the receive frequency
and the transmit frequency are separated by approximately 2 GHz to
ensure signal isolation.
[0054] In one implementation, for a wireless transmitter, such as
satellite 360 in FIG. 3, transmitting signals at 10 GHz (i.e.,
.lamda..apprxeq.30 mm), each receive antenna in phased array
antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter wavelength
(e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) by a quarter wavelength (e.g.,
.lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) to receive signals. In one
implementation, transmit antennas 214a through 214d may transmit
signals at 12 GHz (i.e., .lamda..apprxeq.25 mm) to a wireless
receiver, such as satellite 360 in FIG. 3. Each transmit antenna in
phased array antenna panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) by a quarter
wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) to transmit signals.
In one implementation, each reconfigurable receive/transmit antenna
in phased array antenna panel 202 may have a substantially square
shape that is substantially equal to the area of each of receive
antennas 212a through 212y. In another implementation, each
reconfigurable receive/transmit antenna in phased array antenna
panel 202 may have a substantially square shape that is
substantially equal to the area of each of transmit antennas 214a
through 214d. In yet another implementation, each reconfigurable
receive/transmit antenna in phased array antenna panel 202 may have
a substantially square shape that is greater in size than transmit
antennas 214a through 214d, but smaller in size than receive
antennas 212a through 212y.
[0055] In another implementation, using much smaller antenna sizes,
transmit antennas 214a through 214d in phased array antenna panel
202 may be configured to transmit signals in the 60 GHz frequency
range, while receive antennas 212a through 212y in phased array
antenna panel 202 may also be configured to receive signals in the
60 GHz frequency range. In that implementation, transmit antennas
214a through 214d, receive antennas 212a through 212y, and
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216w in
phased array antenna panel 202 may have substantially equal sizes
(that are both generally much smaller than antenna sizes used in 10
GHz or 12 GHz communications).
[0056] In the present implementation, phased array antenna panel
202 is a flat panel array employing receive antennas 212a through
212y, transmit antennas 214a through 214d, and reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216w, where phased array
antenna panel 202 is coupled to associated active circuits to form
beams for reception and transmission. In one implementation, the
reception beam is formed fully electronically by means of phase and
amplitude control circuits, for example, in RF front end circuits
(such as RF front end chips 106a, 106b, 106x and 106y in FIG. 1)
associated with receive antennas 212a through 212y and
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216w. In one
implementation, the transmission beam is formed fully
electronically by means of phase and amplitude control circuits,
for example, in RF front end circuits (such as RF front end chips
106c, 106d, 106x and 106y in FIG. 1) associated with transmit
antennas 214a through 214d and reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 216a through 216w. Thus, phased array antenna panel 202
can provide for beamforming for both reception and transmission
without the use of any mechanical parts, thereby reducing signal
delay, implementation cost and complexity.
[0057] Referring now to FIG. 2F, FIG. 2F illustrates a top plan
view of a portion of a phased array antenna panel of an exemplary
wireless transceiver according to one implementation of the present
application. As illustrated in FIG. 2F, phased array antenna panel
202 includes reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a, 216b,
216x and 216y (collectively referred to as reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216y). In the present
implementation, substantially every or in fact every antenna in
phased array antenna panel 202 is reconfigurable, such that the
wireless transceiver is configured to dynamically assign each of
the reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas to operate in either
the reception mode or the transmission mode.
[0058] For example, the wireless transceiver may dynamically assign
a portion of reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through
216y to form a receive configuration to operate in the reception
mode, while assign another portion of reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216y to form a transmit
configuration to operate in the transmission mode. In one
implementation, the wireless transceiver may dynamically assign
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216y to form
one or more transmit configurations and one or more receive
configurations, as shown and described with reference to FIGS. 2A
through 2E above.
[0059] In one implementation, reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 216a through 216y in phased array antenna panel 202 may be
configured to communicate with one or more wireless transceivers,
such as commercial geostationary communication satellites or low
earth orbit satellites having a very large bandwidth in the 10 GHz
to 20 GHz frequency range and a very high data rate. As illustrated
in FIG. 2F, reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through
216y may each have a substantially square shape.
[0060] In one implementation, each of reconfigurable
receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216y in phased array antenna
panel 202 needs an area of at least a quarter wavelength (e.g.,
.lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) by a quarter wavelength (e.g.,
.lamda./4.apprxeq.7.5 mm) to receive signals at 10 GHz. These
dimensions can also be used to transmit signals at 12 GHz. In one
implementation, each of reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas
216a through 216y in phased array antenna panel 202 needs an area
of at least a quarter wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm)
by a quarter wavelength (e.g., .lamda./4.apprxeq.6.25 mm) to
transmit signals at 12 GHz. These dimensions can also be used to
receive signals at 10 GHz. In another implementation, each of
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216y in
phased array antenna panel 202 may be configured to transmit or
receive signals in the 60 GHz frequency range using much smaller
antenna sizes.
[0061] In the present implementation, phased array antenna panel
202 is a flat panel array employing reconfigurable receive/transmit
antennas 216a through 216y, where phased array antenna panel 202 is
coupled to associated active circuits to form beams for reception
and transmission. In one implementation, the reception beam is
formed fully electronically by means of phase and amplitude control
circuits, for example, in RF front end circuits (such as RF front
end chips 106x and 106y in FIG. 1) associated with a portion of
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216y. In one
implementation, the transmission beam is formed fully
electronically by means of phase and amplitude control circuits,
for example, in RF front end circuits (such as RF front end chips
106x and 106y in FIG. 1) associated with another portion
reconfigurable receive/transmit antennas 216a through 216y. Thus,
phased array antenna panel 202 can provide for beamforming for both
reception and transmission without the use of any mechanical
parts.
[0062] Referring now to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary
wireless communications system utilizing exemplary wireless
transceivers according to one implementation of the present
application. As illustrated in FIG. 3, satellite 360 is configured
to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive data and/or signals)
with various wireless transceivers, such as wireless transceiver
301a mounted on car 303a, wireless transceiver 301b mounted on
recreational vehicle 303b, wireless transceiver 301c mounted on
airplane 303c and wireless transceiver 301d mounted on house 303d.
It should be understood that car 303a, recreational vehicle 303b
and airplane 303c may each be moving, thereby causing a change in
position of corresponding wireless transceivers 301a through 301c.
It should be understood that, although house 303d can be
stationary, the relative position of wireless transceiver 301d to
satellite 360 may also change, for example, due to wind or other
factors. In the present implementation, wireless transceivers 301a
through 301d may each correspond to wireless transceiver 101 in
FIG. 1, where each of wireless transceivers 301a through 301d may
include a phased array antenna panel, such as any of the phased
array antenna panels 202 in FIGS. 2A through 2F, for concurrently
transmitting and receiving wireless signals, as discussed
above.
[0063] From the above description it is manifest that various
techniques can be used for implementing the concepts described in
the present application without departing from the scope of those
concepts. Moreover, while the concepts have been described with
specific reference to certain implementations, a person of ordinary
skill in the art would recognize that changes can be made in form
and detail without departing from the scope of those concepts. As
such, the described implementations are to be considered in all
respects as illustrative and not restrictive. It should also be
understood that the present application is not limited to the
particular implementations described above, but many
rearrangements, modifications, and substitutions are possible
without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
* * * * *