U.S. patent application number 15/552593 was filed with the patent office on 2018-03-08 for mixing device.
The applicant listed for this patent is TENNECO GMBH. Invention is credited to Joachim GEHRLEIN, Sascha HAVERKAMP, Eric HEIN, Stefan KOHRS, Attila KOVACS.
Application Number | 20180066559 15/552593 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 55588224 |
Filed Date | 2018-03-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180066559 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
HAVERKAMP; Sascha ; et
al. |
March 8, 2018 |
MIXING DEVICE
Abstract
A mixing device for integration into an exhaust pipe of an
internal combustion engine and for mixing an exhaust gas stream
(T), which device is formed from a housing having a tubular wall
and a mid-axis that can be aligned parallel to the exhaust pipe and
from an intermediate wall which is aligned transversely with
respect to the mid-axis, wherein the intermediate wall divides the
housing and has an inflow side and an outflow side, wherein at
least one inflow opening (E1) is provided in the intermediate wall,
via which the exhaust gas stream (T) can at least partly flow from
the inflow side of the intermediate wall to the opposite outflow
side of the intermediate wall, wherein the at least one inflow
opening (E1) is placed eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis
and is brought close to a wall section (W1) of the tubular wall,
wherein a flow guide element (S2) having a longitudinal axis (L2)
is provided on the outflow side, which at least partly bounds a
mixing chamber with the intermediate wall and by an at least
partial deflection of the exhaust gas stream (T) in a radial
direction in relation to the mid-axis can be effected, wherein the
flow guide element (S2) has at least two outflow openings (A1, A2)
and, by the flow guide element (S2), the exhaust gas stream (T)
coming from the inflow opening (E1) can be guided to the at least
two outflow openings (A1, A2), wherein the outflow openings (A1,
A2) are placed eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis and
brought close to a common wall section (W2) of the tubular wall,
wherein the wall section (W2) is arranged opposite to the wall
section (W1) with respect to the mid-axis, and wherein the outflow
openings (A1, A2) are arranged on opposite sides of the flow guide
element (S2) with respect to the longitudinal axis (L1, L2),
wherein, with respect to the mid-axis, the first partial stream
(T3) can be can at least partly guided in the anticlockwise
direction and a second partial stream (T4) can at least partly be
guided in the clockwise direction out of the outflow openings (A1,
A2).
Inventors: |
HAVERKAMP; Sascha;
(Jockgrim, DE) ; GEHRLEIN; Joachim; (Rheinzabern,
DE) ; KOHRS; Stefan; (Neustadt/Weinstrasse, DE)
; HEIN; Eric; (Neustadt-Diedesfeld, DE) ; KOVACS;
Attila; (Karlsruhe, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TENNECO GMBH |
Edenkoben |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
55588224 |
Appl. No.: |
15/552593 |
Filed: |
March 9, 2016 |
PCT Filed: |
March 9, 2016 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2016/055007 |
371 Date: |
August 22, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F01N 2610/02 20130101;
F01N 2260/04 20130101; F01N 3/206 20130101; F01N 3/0253 20130101;
F01N 3/2892 20130101; F01N 2610/00 20130101; B01F 3/04049 20130101;
F01N 3/2066 20130101; B01F 5/0473 20130101; F01N 3/0293 20130101;
F01N 2610/03 20130101; B01F 5/0608 20130101; B01F 5/0644 20130101;
F01N 3/10 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F01N 3/28 20060101
F01N003/28; B01F 5/04 20060101 B01F005/04; B01F 5/06 20060101
B01F005/06; B01F 3/04 20060101 B01F003/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Mar 9, 2015 |
DE |
10 2015 103 425.5 |
Claims
1. A mixing device for integration into an exhaust pipe of a
combustion engine and for mixing an exhaust gas stream T,
comprising: a housing with a tubular wall and a mid-axis that can
be aligned parallel to the exhaust pipe and from an intermediate
wall which is aligned transversely to the mid-axis, wherein the
intermediate wall divides the housing and features an inflow side
and an outflow side, wherein at least one inflow opening E1 is
provided in the intermediate wall, through which the exhaust gas
stream T can flow at least partially from the inflow side of the
intermediate wall to an opposite outflow side of the intermediate
wall, wherein the at least one inflow opening E1 is positioned
eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis and is brought close to
a wall section W1 of the tubular wall, wherein on the outflow side
a flow guide element S2 is provided with a longitudinal axis L2,
which with the intermediate wall at least partly bounds a mixing
chamber, and by means of which an at least partial deflection of
the exhaust gas stream T can be effected from its original flow
direction into a radial direction in relation to the mid-axis,
wherein the flow guide element S2 features at least two outflow
openings A1, A2, and by means of the flow guide element S2, the
exhaust gas flow T can be guided, starting from the inflow opening
E1, to the at least two outflow openings A1, A2, wherein all
outflow openings A1, A2 are positioned eccentrically with respect
to the mid-axis and are brought close to a wall section W2 of the
tubular wall, wherein the wall section W2 is arranged opposite the
wall section W1 with respect to the mid-axis, and the outflow
openings A1, A2 are arranged on opposite sides of the flow guide
element S2 with respect to the longitudinal axis L1, L2, wherein
with respect to the mid-axis, a first partial stream T3 can be
guided at least partially in the anticlockwise direction and a
second partial stream T4 can be guided at least partially in the
clockwise direction out of the outflow openings A1, A2.
2. The mixing device according to claim 1, wherein on the
intermediate wall, a first flow guide element S1 with a
longitudinal axis L1 is provided, which protrudes upstream in the
axial direction over the intermediate wall and which with the
intermediate wall at least partly bounds the mixing chamber,
wherein two inflow openings E1, E2 are provided in the intermediate
wall, which are arranged opposite in relation to the longitudinal
axis L1, wherein the flow guide element S1 effects a division of
the exhaust gas stream T into two partial streams T1, T2, wherein
with respect to the mid-axis, a first partial stream T1 can be
guided in a clockwise direction and a second partial stream T2 can
be guided in an anticlockwise direction around the flow guide
element S1 into the respective inflow opening E1, E2 and into the
mixing chamber.
3. The mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the flow guide
elements S1, S2 are designed as a single piece, and/or at least one
flow guide element S1, S2 is an integral part of the intermediate
wall or the tubular wall.
4. The mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate
wall and the mid-axis enclose an angle .alpha. between 20.degree.
and 80.degree..
5. The mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate
wall has a single or multiple angled, contoured or curved form.
6. The mixing device according to claim 1, wherein in the mixing
chamber in an area before the outflow openings A1, A2, a corrugated
base and/or a flow guide element is provided for the purpose of
avoiding a steam bottleneck.
7. The mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate
wall is at least partially integrated into the housing or at is at
least partially formed from the housing.
8. A mixing device for connection to or integration into an exhaust
pipe of a combustion engine and for mixing an exhaust gas flow T,
comprising: a housing with a tubular wall and with a mid-axis that
can be arranged parallel to the exhaust pipe and with a first
intermediate wall Z1 and with a second intermediate wall Z2 which
are aligned transversely to the mid-axis, wherein both intermediate
walls Z1, Z2 at least partly bound a mixing chamber, wherein the
first intermediate wall Z1 features at least one inflow opening E1,
through which the exhaust gas stream T can enter the mixing
chamber, wherein the inflow opening E1 is positioned eccentrically
with respect to the mid-axis and is brought close to a wall section
W1 of the tubular wall, and the second intermediate wall Z2
features at least one outflow opening A1, through which the exhaust
gas stream T can exit from the mixing chamber, wherein the outflow
opening A1 is positioned eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis
and is brought close to a wall section W2 of the tubular wall,
wherein the wall section W2 is arranged opposite the wall section
W1, so that an at least partial deflection of the exhaust gas
stream T can be effected at least partially in a radial direction
with respect to the mid-axis, and in the flow direction after the
first intermediate wall Z1, at least one flow guide element S3 is
provided in the mixing chamber, which protrudes in the radial
direction over the tubular wall and effects a division of the
exhaust gas stream T into two partial streams T3, T4, wherein with
respect to the mid-axis, a first partial stream T3 can be guided in
an anticlockwise direction, and a second partial stream T4 can be
guided in a clockwise direction around the flow guide element
S3.
9. The mixing device according to claim 8, wherein a feed device
with a feed nozzle is provided, through which an additive can be
brought into the mixing chamber.
10. The mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the inflow
opening E1 or the inflow openings E1, E2 form an inflow profile QE
and the housing features a profile surface QF that effects the
stream, with 0.08 QF<=QE<=0.42 QF.
11. The mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the outflow
opening A1 or the outflow openings A1, A2 form an outflow profile
QA and the housing features a profile surface QF that effects the
stream, with 0.08 QF<=QA<=0.42 QF.
12. The mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the inflow
opening E1 or the inflow openings E1, E2 form an inflow profile QE
and at least one further inflow opening Ex is provided in the flow
guide element S1 or in the intermediate wall Z1, through which a
portion of the exhaust gas stream T can enter the mixing chamber,
wherein the at least one inflow opening Ex forms an inflow profile
Xe, with Xe<=0.1 QE.
13. The mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the outflow
opening A1 or the outflow openings A1, A2 form an outflow profile
QA and at least one further outflow opening Ax is provided in the
flow guide element S2 or in the intermediate wall Z2, through which
a portion of the exhaust gas stream T can enter the mixing chamber,
wherein the at least one outflow opening Ax forms an outflow
profile Xa, with Xa<=0.1 QA.
14. The mixing device according to claim 8, wherein on at least one
inflow opening Ex and/or on at least one outflow opening Ax, a flow
blade is provided.
15. The mixing device according to claim 8, wherein in the mixing
chamber, at least one static mixer and/or at least one baffle plate
is provided, wherein the baffle plate is arranged parallel to the
longitudinal axis L1, L2 of the flow guide element S1, S2.
16. The mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the flow guide
elements S1, S2 are designed as a single piece, and/or at least one
flow guide element S1, S2 is an integral part of the intermediate
wall or the tubular wall, and wherein the intermediate wall and the
mid-axis enclose an angle .alpha. between 20.degree. and
80.degree..
17. The mixing device according to claim 16, wherein the
intermediate wall has a single or multiple angled, contoured or
curved form, wherein in the mixing chamber in an area before the
outflow openings A1, A2, a corrugated base and/or a flow guide
element is provided for the purpose of avoiding a steam bottleneck,
and wherein the intermediate wall is at least partially integrated
into the housing or at is at least partially formed from the
housing.
18. The mixing device according to claim 9, wherein the inflow
opening E1 or the inflow openings E1, E2 form an inflow profile QE
and the housing features a profile surface QF that effects the
stream, with 0.08 QF<=QE<=0.42 QF, wherein the outflow
opening A1 or the outflow openings A1, A2 form an outflow profile
QA and the housing features a profile surface QF that effects the
stream, with 0.08 QF<=QA<=0.42 QF, and wherein the inflow
opening E1 or the inflow openings E1, E2 form an inflow profile QE
and at least one further inflow opening Ex is provided in the flow
guide element S1 or in the intermediate wall Z1, through which a
portion of the exhaust gas stream T can enter the mixing chamber,
wherein the at least one inflow opening Ex forms an inflow profile
Xe, with Xe<=0.1 QE.
19. The mixing device according to claim 18, wherein the outflow
opening A1 or the outflow openings A1, A2 form an outflow profile
QA and at least one further outflow opening Ax is provided in the
flow guide element S2 or in the intermediate wall Z2, through which
a portion of the exhaust gas stream T can enter the mixing chamber,
wherein the at least one outflow opening Ax forms an outflow
profile Xa, with Xa<=0.1 QA, wherein on at least one inflow
opening Ex and/or on at least one outflow opening Ax, a flow blade
is provided, and wherein in the mixing chamber, at least one static
mixer and/or at least one baffle plate is provided, wherein the
baffle plate is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis L1, L2
of the flow guide element S1, S2.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The invention relates to a mixing device for integration or
connection or coupling to an exhaust pipe or connection to an
exhaust pipe of a combustion engine and for mixing an exhaust gas
stream T, which is formed from a housing having a tubular wall with
a round or oval profile Q and a mid-axis that can be aligned
parallel to the exhaust pipe and from an intermediate wall which is
aligned transversely to the mid-axis, wherein the intermediate wall
divides the housing and features an inflow side and an outflow
side, and creates a division of the housing into an inflow section
and an outflow section, wherein at least one inflow opening E1 is
provided in the intermediate wall, through which the exhaust gas
stream T can flow at least partially from the inflow side of the
intermediate wall to an opposite outflow side of the intermediate
wall, wherein the at least one inflow opening E1 is positioned
eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis and is brought close to
a wall section W1 of the tubular wall.
[0002] The invention further relates to a mixing device for
connection to or integration into an exhaust pipe of a combustion
engine and for mixing an exhaust gas flow T, which is formed from a
housing with a tubular wall with a round or oval profile Q and with
a mid-axis that can be arranged parallel to the exhaust pipe and
with a first intermediate wall Z1 and with a second intermediate
wall Z2 which are aligned transversely to the mid-axis, wherein
both intermediate walls Z1, Z2 at least partly bound a mixing
chamber, wherein the first intermediate wall Z1 features at least
one inflow opening E1, through which the exhaust gas stream T can
enter the mixing chamber, wherein the inflow opening E1 is
positioned eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis and is
brought close to a wall section W1 of the tubular wall, and the
second intermediate wall Z2 features at least one outflow opening
A1, through which the exhaust gas stream T can exit from the mixing
chamber, wherein the outflow opening A1 is positioned eccentrically
with respect to the mid-axis and is brought close to a wall section
W2 of the tubular wall.
[0003] The exhaust pipe can also be the corresponding part of the
housing for a catalytic converter or particle filter.
[0004] The mixing relates to an additive to be incorporated, such
as a reduction agent or hydrocarbon compounds.
[0005] The housing usually has a round profile Q. Alternatively,
said housing can also feature an oval or polygonal profile Q.
[0006] For the purpose of forming an inflow opening E or an outflow
opening A1, a recess is always required within an intermediate wall
that closes the profile area QF of the housing. This can be
achieved according to the exemplary embodiments through the use of
a correspondingly small intermediate wall, which is reduced in
diameter over a portion of the circumference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0007] A mixing device for connection to an exhaust pipe of a
combustion engine for mixing an exhaust gas stream is already known
from WO 2012/080585 A1. This features a housing with a tubular wall
with a round profile and a mid-axis that can be aligned parallel to
the exhaust pipe, and an intermediate wall with an inflow opening
which is essentially aligned transversely to the mid-axis. The
intermediate wall has a coiled shape, so that the entire exhaust
gas stream is deflected in the same circumferential direction.
Additionally, a downstream second intermediate wall is provided
with an outflow opening, which together at least partially bound a
mixing chamber.
[0008] A mixing device is known from U.S. Pat. No. 8,033,104 B2,
which features a perforated intermediate wall that lies transverse
to the exhaust pipe and a feed channel for reduction agent. A
portion of the exhaust gas stream mixes with the reduction agent
while flowing through the perforated feed channel. A second portion
of the exhaust gas is not guided through the feed channel, but
flows through the perforation of the intermediate wall and thus
reaches the exit of the mixing device.
[0009] In DE 10 2013 012 909 A1, a mixing chamber is described
which features a tubular flow guide element, through which the
exhaust gas stream is guided from an entrance opening of the mixing
chamber to an exit opening, wherein the axis of the flow channel
lies transversely to the mid-axis of the mixing chamber. At one end
of the flow guide element, an additive can be injected so that said
additive mixes with the exhaust gas in the tubular channel.
[0010] FR 2 943 381 A1 describes a tubular mixing element with
three intermediate walls, wherein the middle intermediate wall is
arranged opposite the first and last intermediate wall with respect
to the mid-axis.
[0011] WO 2014 051617 A1 also describes a mixing device which
effects a deflection of the exhaust gas stream in the
circumferential direction.
[0012] DE 10 2012 224 198 A1 describes a classic swirl mixer
consisting of a mixing sheet with several mixing blades distributed
over the circumference.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] The object of the invention is to design and arrange a
mixing device in such a manner that a good mixing behavior is
guaranteed despite the compact, space-saving construction.
[0014] The object is attained according to the invention by the
fact that a flow guide element S2 is provided with a longitudinal
axis L2, which with the intermediate wall at least partly bounds a
mixing chamber, and by means of which an at least partial
deflection of the exhaust gas stream T can be effected from its
original flow direction into a radial direction in relation to the
mid-axis or the housing, wherein the flow guide element S2 features
at least two outflow openings A1, A2, and by means of the flow
guide element S2, the exhaust gas flow T can be guided, starting
from the inflow opening E1 to the at least two outflow openings A1,
A2, wherein all outflow openings A1, A2 are positioned
eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis and are brought close to
a wall section W2 of the tubular wall, wherein the wall section W2
is arranged opposite the wall section W1 with respect to the
mid-axis, and the outflow openings A1, A2 are arranged on opposite
sides of the flow guide element S2 with respect to the longitudinal
axis L1, L2, wherein with respect to the mid-axis, a first partial
stream T3 can be guided at least partially in the anticlockwise
direction and a second partial stream T4 can be guided at least
partially in the clockwise direction out of the outflow openings
A1, A2. Due to the arrangement of the outflow openings A1, A2 on
opposite sides of the flow guide element S2, a bridge is
formed.
[0015] The object is also attained according to the invention
through the fact that the wall section W2 is arranged opposite the
wall section W1 with respect to the mid-axis, so that an at least
partial deflection of the exhaust gas stream T can be effected at
least partially in a radial direction with respect to the mid-axis,
and in the flow direction after the first intermediate wall Z1 or
before the second intermediate wall Z2 in the area of the outflow
opening A1, at least one flow guide element S3 is provided in the
mixing chamber, which protrudes in the radial direction over the
tubular wall and effects a division of the exhaust gas stream T
into two partial streams T3, T4, wherein with respect to the
mid-axis, a first partial stream T3 can be guided in the
anticlockwise direction, and a second partial stream T4 can be
guided in a clockwise direction around the flow guide element S3.
During operation, the flow guide element S3 guides the first
partial stream T3 in an anticlockwise direction and the second
partial stream T4 in a clockwise direction.
[0016] The inflow opening E1 lies opposite the respective outflow
opening A1, A2 with respect to the mid-axis. In relation to a
symmetrical axis, which runs transversely to the mid-axis or at
right-angles to a plane LE which spans through the mid-axis and
longitudinal axis L2, the inflow opening E1 is positioned between
the symmetrical axis Sy and the wall section W1, while the
respective outflow opening A1, A2 is positioned between the
symmetrical axis Sy and the wall section W2. Due to the opposite
arrangement of the inflow and outflow openings E1, A1, A2 with
respect to the mid-axis, a deflection of the exhaust gas flow T is
achieved in a radial direction to the pipe. This in turn supports
the function of the flow guide element S2, S3, which effects the
counter-directional deflection in the circumferential direction,
i.e. in a clockwise direction and an anticlockwise direction.
[0017] It has been shown in studies that the deflection of the
entire exhaust gas stream into a single swirl flow moving in the
same direction in the circumferential direction leads to a
disadvantageous interaction with the housing wall of the mixing
device, such as condensation or the crystallization of an additive
that has also been transported. Through the use of a flow guide
element, which divides the exhaust gas stream and conducts a
circumferential movement in the opposite direction, in combination
with a flow deflection of the entire exhaust gas stream into a
radial direction, the circumferential speed is in general lower,
which also leads to lower centrifugal forces. Therefore, the
aerosols of the additive transported in the exhaust gas stream are
added less intensively to the housing wall, as a result of which
the degree of condensation or crystallization is reduced
considerably. The deflection in the opposite direction leads to a
further mixing of the exhaust gas stream. Here, the flow conditions
at the outflow opening A1 are initially of importance for the
division of the exhaust gas stream and the respective deflection. A
division applied upstream in the area of the inflow opening E1 of
the exhaust gas stream and/or its deflection in the circumferential
direction can be advantageous, as described below.
[0018] In this regard, it can be advantageous when on the
intermediate wall a first flow guide element S1 with a longitudinal
axis L1 is provided, which protrudes upstream in the axial
direction over the intermediate wall and which with the
intermediate wall at least partly bounds the mixing chamber,
wherein two inflow openings E1, E2 are provided in the intermediate
wall, which are arranged opposite in relation to the longitudinal
axis L1 or the plane LE, wherein the flow guide element S1 effects
a division of the exhaust gas stream T into two partial streams T1,
T2, wherein with respect to the mid-axis, a first partial stream T1
can be guided in a clockwise direction and a second partial stream
T2 can be guided in an anticlockwise direction around the flow
guide element S1 into the respective inflow opening E1, E2 and into
the mixing chamber. The exhaust gas stream is therefore already
divided when it enters the mixing chamber and is deflected in the
circumferential direction, so that mixing is further improved. Due
to the arrangement of the inflow openings E1, E2 on opposite sides
of the flow guide element S1, a bridge is formed.
[0019] For this purpose, it can also be advantageous when the flow
guide elements S1, S2 are designed as a single piece and/or when at
least one flow guide element S1, S2 is an integrated part of the
intermediate wall and/or the tubular wall. The combination of an
intermediate wall with a pipe that runs diametrically within it,
which forms the flow guide element S1, S2 and bounds the mixing
chamber, appears to be advantageous.
[0020] It can further be advantageous when the inflow opening E1,
E2 and/or the outflow opening A1, A2 extends at least partially or
fully onto the flow guide element S1, S2 or is provided in the flow
guide element S1, S2.
[0021] An inflow opening is required through which the exhaust gas
can penetrate. Depending on the design of the mixing chamber, said
chamber is arranged within the intermediate wall. Insofar as the
flow guide element S1 is an integral part of the intermediate wall,
it remains in the intermediate wall near the inflow opening. Only
the positioning of the inflow opening can be changed in such a
manner that the flow guide element S1 is covered. If the flow guide
element S1 is a separate component, which is positioned on the
intermediate wall, an inflow opening must be provided both in the
intermediate wall and the flow guide element S1. The same applies
to the outflow openings.
[0022] If the flow guide element S1 is an integral part of the
intermediate wall, no further intermediate wall is required for the
flow guide element S2, i.e. the flow guide element S2 can be
designed as a separate component which is positioned on the one
intermediate wall. In an equivalent manner, the flow guide element
S2 can also be an integral component of the intermediate wall, so
that the flow guide element S1 is designed as a separate
component.
[0023] Finally, it is also possible to provide two intermediate
walls and for the respective flow guide element S1, S2 to be an
integral part of the respective first or second intermediate
wall.
[0024] Here, it can advantageously be provided that the
intermediate wall and the mid-axis enclose an angle .alpha. between
20.degree. and 80.degree., or between 30.degree. and 60.degree., or
between 55.degree. and 75.degree., or of 65.degree.. The angle
between the intermediate wall and the mid-axis determines the ratio
between the profile size or housing height and the construction
length or housing length. Since the shortest possible construction
length of the mixing device is desired, angles between 55.degree.
and 75.degree. are particularly advantageous. In relation to the
intermediate wall, the straight line G should be taken as a
reference, which also results from the connection of the two
furthest upstream and downstream connection points of the
intermediate wall with the tubular wall.
[0025] For this purpose, it can be advantageous when the
intermediate wall has a single or multiple angles, contoured or
curved form, such as an L, a Z or an S form. The intermediate wall
can also be designed asymmetrically with respect to the plane
LE.
[0026] It can additionally be advantageous when in the mixing
chamber in the area before the outflow openings A1, A2, for the
purpose of avoiding a steam bottleneck, a corrugated base and/or a
flow guide element such as a cone or a semi-cone or a ramp is
provided.
[0027] It can additionally be advantageous when the intermediate
wall is at least partially integrated into the housing or is formed
at least partially from the housing.
[0028] It can additionally be advantageous when a feed device is
fitted with a feed nozzle, through which an additive can be brought
into the mixing chamber. When the additive has already been mixed
into the exhaust gas stream, an improved mixing can be achieved by
the mixing device. Naturally, the mixing in is also provided within
the mixing device. Here, it is provided that the additive is
injected at an angle of between 5.degree. and 185.degree., and thus
e.g. the inner walls of the mixing chamber are used for atomizing
and evaporating the additive.
[0029] It can also be advantageous when the inflow opening E1
and/or the inflow openings E1, E2 form an inflow profile QE and the
housing features a profile surface QF that effects the stream, with
0.08 QF<=QE<=0.42 QF The inflow profile therefore moves
between 8% and 42% of the pipe profile or housing profile. This
entails sufficient acceleration of the exhaust gas on the one hand
and acceptable pressure losses on the other.
[0030] Accordingly, it can be advantageous when the outflow opening
A1 and/or the outflow openings A1, A2 form an outflow profile QA
and the housing features a profile surface QF that affects the
stream, with 0.08 QF<=QA<=0.42 QF.
[0031] It can additionally be advantageous when the inflow opening
E1 or the inflow openings E1, E2 form an inflow profile QE and at
least one further inflow opening Ex is provided in the flow guide
element S1 or in the intermediate wall Z1, through which a portion
of the exhaust gas stream T can enter the mixing chamber, wherein
the at least one inflow opening Ex forms an inflow profile Xe, with
Xe<=0.1 QE.
[0032] It can additionally be advantageous when the outflow opening
A1 or the outflow openings A1, A2 form an outflow profile QA and at
least one further outflow opening Ax is provided in the flow guide
element S2 or in the intermediate wall Z2, through which a portion
of the exhaust gas stream T can enter the mixing chamber, wherein
the at least one outflow opening Ax forms an outflow profile Xa,
with Xa<=0.1 QE.
[0033] As a supplement to the inflow and outflow openings E1, E2,
A1, A2, further openings Ex, Ax can be provided. While the
positioning of the inflow and outflow openings E1, E2, A1, A2 is
designed according to the invention in such a way that a deflection
of the exhaust gas stream in a radial direction to the pipe is
achieved, further openings Ex, Ax can be positioned as required.
Preferably, however, openings Ex are arranged in the area of the
bridge of the flow guide element S1 so that the entire exhaust gas
stream flows into the mixing chamber.
[0034] Additionally, outflow openings Ax can be arranged in the
area of the bridge of the flow guide element S2. The value Xe is
the perforation profile, i.e. the total of the profiles of all
inflow openings Ex, and the Xa value is the total of the profiles
of all outflow openings Ax. Preferably, 0.03 A<=Xa<=0.07 A or
0.03 E<=Xe<=0.07 E applies.
[0035] It can also be advantageous when a stream blade is provided
on at least one inflow opening Ex and/or on at least one outflow
opening Ax. In order to avoid a stream bottleneck in this area, or
for improved alignment of the auxiliary stream guided through the
inflow opening Ex and/or the outflow opening Ax, said auxiliary
stream can be deflected by the blades in the radial direction
and/or in the circumferential direction.
[0036] Additionally, it can be advantageous when in the mixing
chamber at least one static mixer or a mixer pipe and/or at least
one even or angled or curved baffle plate is provided, wherein the
baffle plate is largely arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis
L1, L2 of the flow guide element S1, S2. The baffle plate can be
fitted with a hydrolysis coating which supports the disintegration
or transformation of the additive. An anti-adhesion coating or
anti-adhesion surface structure is also provided. Advantageously,
the baffle plates are arranged in such a manner that a low level of
additional pressure loss is generated. This is achieved by the fact
that the plates are arranged almost parallel to the flow direction
in the mixing chamber.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] Further advantages and details of the invention are
explained in the patent claims and in the description and figures,
in which:
[0038] FIG. 1a shows a profile view of the principle sketch of the
mixing device from the front;
[0039] FIG. 1b shows the mixing device shown in FIG. 1a from the
rear;
[0040] FIG. 2a, 2b show the respective profile view A-A or B-B
according to FIG. 1a;
[0041] FIG. 3a shows the mixing device with exhaust pipe;
[0042] FIG. 3b shows the dividing wall with single-part flow guide
element S1, S2;
[0043] FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment in a perspective
view;
[0044] FIG. 5a shows the mixing device shown in FIG. 4 from the
rear;
[0045] FIG. 5b shows the profile view C-C shown in FIG. 5a;
[0046] FIG. 6 shows a profile view of a schematic sketch without
mixing pipe.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0047] The mixing device 1 shown in FIG. 1a features a tubular
housing 2 with a round profile Q. Within this housing 2, an
intermediate wall 3 is provided which is set at an angle .alpha.
opposite a mid-axis 2.2 (see FIG. 2a, 2b). On the intermediate wall
3, a flow guide element S1 is provided which extends upstream with
respect to the direction of the exhaust gas (to the left according
to FIG. 2) from the intermediate wall 3. The flow guide element S1
features two inflow openings E1, E2, through which an exhaust gas
flow T (see FIG. 3a) can flow from the inflow side 3.1 shown in
FIG. 1a of the intermediate wall 3 to the rearward outflow side
3.2. The surface of the flow guide element S1 increases upwards, so
that there is sufficient space for the inflow openings E1, E2
mentioned above. A bridge 2.6 is formed between the two inflow
openings E1, E2. As a result of the bridge 2.6, said exhaust gas
flow T is divided into two partial streams T1, T2. The partial
stream T1 flows in a clockwise direction and the partial stream T2
flows in an anticlockwise direction into the respective inflow
opening E1, E2. With respect to a symmetrical axis Sy, which
according to FIG. 1a divides the housing 2 approximately in the
middle and horizontally, the two inflow openings E1, E2 are moved
towards the upper wall section W1, additionally the flow guide
element S1 features a further inflow opening Ex, through which a
small portion of the exhaust gas can flow from the inflow side 3.1
to the outflow side 3.2 of the intermediate wall 3.
[0048] The outflow side 3.2 of the intermediate wall 3 is according
to FIG. 1b mirror symmetric to the symmetry axis Sy. There, the
flow guide element S2 is located, which extends in the direction of
the exhaust gas flow (to the right according to FIG. 2) over the
intermediate wall 3. The flow guide element S2 features two outflow
openings A1, A2, which are displaced downwards with respect to the
symmetry axis S2 to a wall section W2. Both flow guide elements S1,
S2 feature a longitudinal axis L1, L2, which according to the
exemplary embodiment runs central to the pipe wall 2.1 or at
right-angles to a mid-axis 2.2 of the pipe wall 2.1. Further
outflow openings Ax are provided in the intermediate wall 3, which
are positioned opposite the outflow openings A1, A2 with respect to
the symmetry axis Sy. A bridge 2.4 is also formed between the two
outflow openings A1, A2, so that the exhaust gas stream T exits in
two partial streams T3, T4, wherein the partial stream T3 leaves
the flow guide element S2 in an anticlockwise direction and partial
stream T4 leaves in a clockwise direction. Additionally, the flow
guide element S2 features further outflow openings Ax in the area
of the bridge 2.4. A flow blade 9.2 is provided on the respective
outflow opening Ax, through which the auxiliary stream that flows
through the outflow opening Ax can be deflected in a radial
direction.
[0049] Both flow guide elements S1, S2 bound a mixing chamber 2.3,
which due to the opposite arrangement of the inflow openings E1, E2
on the one hand and the outflow openings A1, A2 on the other is
predominantly flowed through by the exhaust gas stream T in the
radial direction.
[0050] As can be seen in FIG. 3a, a feed device 5 with a feed
nozzle 5.1 is located within the mixing chamber 2.3, through which
an additive is introduced into the exhaust gas stream T.
[0051] In the profile view A-A shown in FIG. 2a, the flow guide
element S1 and the flow guide element S2 can be seen in profile.
The exhaust gas that flows in here from the left enters into the
inflow opening E1 or into the additional opening Ex into the mixing
chamber 2.3 and leaves said chamber via the outflow opening A1.
Within the mixing chamber 2.3, a corrugated base 7 is arranged
below the outflow opening A1 transversely to the main flow
direction, which prevents the formation of a stream bottleneck in
the area of the outflow opening A1. Additionally, within the mixing
chamber 2.3, a baffle plate 2.5 is provided, which can be moistened
with additive through the nozzle 5.1 not shown here.
[0052] In the profile view B-B according to FIG. 2b, only the
intermediate wall 3 is profiled, while the two flow guide elements
S1, S2 can be seen in a side view. The opposite inflow openings E1,
E2 can be seen, as can the two outflow openings A1, A2. The
intermediate wall 3 is set opposite the mid-axis 2.2 and the angle
.alpha.. The exhaust gas stream that comes from the left here is
largely deflected upwards in the radial direction towards the
inflow openings E1, E2 and in turn flows through the mixing chamber
2.3 in the radial direction from the inflow openings E1, E2
downwards to the outflow openings A1, A2, and leaves the mixing
chamber 2.3 to the right through the two outflow openings A1, A2
according to FIG. 2b.
[0053] According to FIG. 3a, the mixing device 1 is an integral
part of an exhaust pipe 4.1, 4.2 as part of a particle filter or
catalytic converter. Through the nozzle 5.1, additive is introduced
into the mixing chamber 2.3, which is guided via the above exhaust
gas stream T1 or T2, starting from the area of the inflow openings
E1, E2 downwards in the radial direction to the outflow openings
A1, A2, and leaves the mixing chamber 2.3 through both partial
streams T3, T4, and again combines to form the total stream T.
According to FIG. 3a, as an alternative to the corrugated base 7
shown in FIG. 2, a flow guide element in the form of a ramp 8 is
provided in the area of the outflow opening A1 within the mixing
chamber 2.3, so that stream bottlenecks are prevented in this
area.
[0054] Decisive for the definition of the angle .alpha. is the
straight line G, which connects the intersection points of the
intermediate wall 3 and the pipe wall 2.1, wherein the two
intersection points have the greatest distance from each other with
respect to the exhaust gas stream or the direction of the mid-axis
2.2.
[0055] According to FIG. 3b, the intermediate wall 3 is shown with
a single-part flow guide element S1, S2 arranged within it. The
single-part flow guide element S1, S2 is designed as a cylindrical
pipe, which is inserted into a corresponding recess in the oval
intermediate wall 3 and which is tightly connected to the
intermediate wall 3. The assembly thus created is then inserted
into the housing 2, as shown in FIG. 3a, wherein the intermediate
wall 3 is connected on the circumference side with the pipe wall
2.1.
[0056] FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment. Within the housing
2, two intermediate walls Z1, Z2 are provided at a distance with
respect to the mid-axis 2.2, which extend respectively over
approximately half the profile area QF of the housing 2. The two
intermediate walls Z1, Z2 are also positioned opposite with respect
to the two opposite wall sections W1, W2, so that the exhaust gas
stream T, which enters into the mixing chamber 2.3 through an
inflow opening E1, is deflected downwards in the radial direction
to the outflow opening A1 and leaves the mixing chamber 2.3 through
the outflow opening A1. The feed device 5 with the feed nozzle 5.1
for additive is also provided within the mixing chamber 2.3 or in
the housing 2.
[0057] A wedge-shaped flow guide element S3 is provided in the area
of the wall section W2, which divides the impinging exhaust gas
stream T into two partial streams T3, T4. Due to the wedge-shaped
design of the flow guide element S3, a partial stream T3 is created
with respect to the flow direction, which is deflected in an
anticlockwise direction, while the partial stream T4 is deflected
in a clockwise direction.
[0058] According to FIG. 5a, the mixing device 1 is shown from the
outflow side 3.1 (lee side). The mixing chamber 2.3 can only be
seen within the scope of the outlet opening A1. In contrast to FIG.
4, within the upper part of the mixing chamber 2.3 an optional
mixing pipe 6 with a perforation 6.1 is arranged, which is
positioned coaxially to the feed device 5. The exhaust gas or
exhaust gas stream T which flows in through the inflow opening,
thereby initially flow through the mixing pipe 6 within which it
then mixes with the sprayed in additive and is guided downwards
towards the flow guide element S3, where the two partial streams
T3, T4 are deflected in the circumferential direction in counter
directions as described above.
[0059] Within the second intermediate wall Z2, further slit-shaped
outflow openings Ax are provided, the outflow profile Xa of which
is subordinate relative to the outflow opening A1. These then
merely serve to prevent a stream bottleneck in the area of the
upper wall section W1. Additionally, in the first intermediate wall
Z1, further slit-shaped inflow openings Ex are provided, the inflow
profile Xe of which is subordinate relative to the inflow profile
QE of the inflow opening E1. These serve to prevent a stream
bottleneck in front of the first intermediate wall Z1 in the area
of the lower wall section W2. A flow blade 9.1 is provided on the
respective inflow opening E1, through which the auxiliary stream
that flows through the inflow opening Ex can be deflected in a
radial direction.
[0060] FIG. 5b shows the profile view C-C shown in FIG. 5a. The
mixing pipe 6 is oval and therefore features an enlarged entrance
and exit area facing towards the exhaust gas stream T. After it has
flowed through the mixing pipe 6, the exhaust gas stream T is
according to FIG. 5b deflected in the radial direction and leaves
the mixing device 1 in a divided, counter-directional stream
movement outwards in the circumferential direction.
[0061] In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the second
intermediate wall Z2 is curved. A mixing chamber is not provided.
The exhaust gas stream T that enters from the right is deflected
downwards in the radial direction towards the flow guide element S3
after entering the mixing chamber 2.3, and leaves the mixing
chamber 2.3 through the outflow opening A1. Here, the height of the
flow guide element S3 increases in the direction of the first
intermediate wall Z1, so that the two partial streams T3, T4 are
formed at an early stage.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0062] 1 Mixing device [0063] 2 Housing [0064] 2.1 Tubular wall
[0065] 2.2 Mid-axis [0066] 2.3 Mixing chamber [0067] 2.4 Bridge
between A1, A2 [0068] 2.5 Baffle plate [0069] 2.6 Bridge between
E1, E2 [0070] 3 Intermediate wall [0071] 3.1 Inflow side, windward
side [0072] 3.2 Off-flow side, lee side [0073] 4.1 Exhaust pipe
[0074] 4.2 Exhaust pipe [0075] 5 Feed device [0076] 5.1 Feed nozzle
[0077] 6 Mixer, mixer pipe [0078] 6.1 Perforation [0079] 7
Corrugated base [0080] 8 Cone, ramp, flow guide element [0081] 9.1
Blade of Ex [0082] 9.2 Blade of Ax [0083] A1 Outflow opening [0084]
A2 Outflow opening [0085] Ax Outflow opening [0086] E1 Inflow
opening [0087] E2 Inflow opening [0088] Ex Inflow opening [0089] G
Connection straight line, straight line [0090] LE Plane [0091] L1
Longitudinal axis of S1 [0092] L2 Longitudinal axis of S2 [0093] Q
Profile of 2 [0094] QA Outflow profile [0095] QE Inflow profile
[0096] QF Outflow area [0097] S1 Flow guide element [0098] S2 Flow
guide element [0099] S3 Flow guide element [0100] Sy Symmetry axis
[0101] T Exhaust gas stream [0102] T1 Partial stream of exhaust gas
stream [0103] T2 Partial stream of exhaust gas stream [0104] T3
Partial stream of exhaust gas stream [0105] T4 Partial stream of
exhaust gas stream [0106] W1 Wall section [0107] W2 Wall section
[0108] Xa Outflow profile of total Ax [0109] Xe Inflow profile of
total Ex [0110] Z1 Intermediate wall [0111] Z2 Intermediate wall
[0112] .alpha. Angle
* * * * *