U.S. patent application number 15/252440 was filed with the patent office on 2018-03-01 for electro-shock projectile launcher.
The applicant listed for this patent is Elwha LLC. Invention is credited to RODERICK A. HYDE, LOWELL L. WOOD, JR..
Application Number | 20180058825 15/252440 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 61225730 |
Filed Date | 2018-03-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180058825 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
HYDE; RODERICK A. ; et
al. |
March 1, 2018 |
ELECTRO-SHOCK PROJECTILE LAUNCHER
Abstract
Described embodiments include an electro-shock projectile
launcher, a method, and a system. An electro-shock projectile
launcher includes a deployment tube configured to launch an
electro-shock projectile toward a target human. The launcher
includes a recognition circuit configured to recognize a body
portion of the target human authorized for administration of a
selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. The launcher
includes a guidance circuit configured to determine a flight path
of the electro-shock projectile from the deployment tube to the
recognized body portion of the target human. The launcher includes
an activator circuit configured to initiate a launch from the
deployment tube of the electro-shock projectile along the
determined flight path in response a received authorization.
Inventors: |
HYDE; RODERICK A.; (REDMOND,
WA) ; WOOD, JR.; LOWELL L.; (BELLEVUE, WA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Elwha LLC |
Bellevue |
WA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
61225730 |
Appl. No.: |
15/252440 |
Filed: |
August 31, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06K 2209/21 20130101;
F41G 7/226 20130101; F41F 1/00 20130101; G06K 9/00362 20130101;
F41H 13/0025 20130101; F41G 7/2293 20130101; F41G 7/30 20130101;
F42B 10/62 20130101; G06K 9/22 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F41H 13/00 20060101
F41H013/00; F41F 1/00 20060101 F41F001/00; F42B 10/62 20060101
F42B010/62; F41G 1/35 20060101 F41G001/35; G06K 9/00 20060101
G06K009/00; G06K 9/22 20060101 G06K009/22 |
Claims
1. An electro-shock projectile launcher comprising: a deployment
tube configured to launch an electro-shock projectile toward a
target human; a recognition circuit configured to recognize a body
portion of the target human authorized for administration of a
selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles; a guidance
circuit configured to determine a flight path of the electro-shock
projectile from the deployment tube to the recognized body portion
of the target human; and an activator circuit configured to
initiate a launch from the deployment tube of the electro-shock
projectile along the determined flight path in response a received
authorization.
2. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
activator circuit is configured to record the time when the launch
of the projectile is activated.
3. (canceled)
4. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
deployment tube includes an aimable deployment tube configured to
launch the electro-shock projectile along a flight path selected
from at least different two flight paths.
5. (canceled)
6. (canceled)
7. (canceled)
8. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
deployment tube is configured to adjust at least one directional
control surface of the electro-shock projectile in response to the
determined flight path.
9. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
deployment tube is configured to deflect the electro-shock
projectile as it departs the deployment tube in response to the
determined flight path.
10. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
electro-shock projectile is configured to administer an electric
shock into tissue of the target human at a contact point, the
administered electric shock inhibiting voluntary movement by the
target human.
11. (canceled)
12. (canceled)
13. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a field interchangeable structure that includes the
deployment tube.
14. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 13, wherein the
field interchangeable structure includes the electro-shock
projectile preloaded in the deployment tube.
15. (canceled)
16. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a handheld structure that includes the electro-shock
projectile launcher.
17. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a library of at least one human body portion authorized
for administration of the selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectiles stored on a non-transitory computer readable media.
18. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 17, wherein the
library further includes at least one human body portion
disapproved for administration of the selected electric shock by
the electro-shock projectile.
19. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: an image acquisition device configured to capture an
image of at least a portion of the target human.
20. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 19, wherein the
image acquisition device is further configured to capture the image
of at least a portion of the target human proximate in time to an
initiation of a launch by the activator circuit.
21. (canceled)
22. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
recognition circuit is configured to recognize the target human
body portion authorized for administration of the selected electric
shock in an image that includes at least a portion of the target
human.
23. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a target pointer beam configured to illuminate at least
a portion of the target human.
24. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: an image acquisition device configured to capture an
image of at least a portion of the target human illuminated by a
target pointer beam.
25. (canceled)
26. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 24, wherein the
recognition circuit is configured to recognize in the captured
image at least one body portion of the target human authorized for
administration of the selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectiles.
27. (canceled)
28. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
electro-shock projectile includes a tethered electro-shock
projectile.
29. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a signal generator configured to output a selected
electric shock to a conductive filament electrically coupled with a
tethered electro-shock projectile and through projectile-contacted
tissue of the target human, the electric shock selected to inhibit
voluntary movement by the target human.
30. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 29, further
comprising: the conductive filament electrically coupled between
the signal generator and the electro-shock projectile.
31. (canceled)
32. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
electro-shock projectile includes: a signal generator configured to
output a selected electric shock to a conductive tip of the
electro-shock projectile and through tissue of the target human
contacted by the electro-shock projectile, the electric shock
selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human.
33. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a dosage circuit configured to select an electric shock
that inhibits voluntary movement by the target human but does not
exceed a safety standard for the recognized body portion of the
human target.
34. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 33, further
comprising: a signal generator configured to output the selected
electric shock to a conductive tip of the electro-shock projectile
and through tissue of the target human contacted by the
electro-shock projectile.
35. (canceled)
36. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, wherein the
guidance circuit is further configured to adjust inflight at least
one control surface of the electro-shock projectile
37. (canceled)
38. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a launch safety circuit configured to emit a human
perceivable signal if a condition is not met.
39. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a launch safety circuit configured to prevent a launch
of the electro-shock projectile from the electro-shock projectile
launcher if a condition is not met.
40. (canceled)
41. (canceled)
42. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 1, further
comprising: a fail-safe circuit configured to prevent a discharge
of an electrical shock into the target human if the electro-shock
projectile-contacted tissue is a body portion not authorized for
administration of the selected electric shock.
43. (canceled)
44. A method comprising: targeting a human for an administration of
a selected electric shock by an electro-shock projectile, the
electric shock selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target
human without exceeding a safety standard for the recognized body
portion of the target human; recognizing a body portion of the
target human as authorized for administration of the selected
electric shock by electro-shock projectiles in response to a
library stored on a non-transitory computer readable media of at
least two body portions of humans authorized for administration of
the selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles;
determining a flight path of the electro-shock projectile from a
deployment tube of an electro-shock projectile launcher to the
recognized body portion of the target human; and initiating a
launch of the electro-shock projectile from the deployment tube and
along the determined flight path in response a received
authorization.
45. (canceled)
46. The method of claim 44, wherein the targeting further includes
illuminating the target human with a target pointer beam.
47. (canceled)
48. The method of claim 44, wherein the determining includes
determining an alignment of the deployment tube implementing a
launch of the electro-shock projectile along the determined flight
path.
49. The method of claim 44, further comprising: capturing an image
of the target human, and wherein the recognizing includes
recognizing in the captured image at least one body portion of the
target human authorized for administration of the selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles.
50. The method of claim 44, further comprising: outputting the
selected electric shock through tissue of the target human
contacted by the electro-shock projectile, the electric shock
selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human.
51. The method of claim 50, wherein the outputting includes
outputting the selected electric shock to a conductive filament
electrically coupled with a tethered electro-shock projectile and
through tissue of the target human contacted by the electro-shock
projectile.
52. The method of claim 44, further comprising: selecting the
electric shock to have an excitation voltage, current, or duration
parameter responsive to a safe tolerance level of the recognized
target human body portion while inhibiting voluntary movement by
the target human.
53. An electro-shock projectile launcher comprising: at least two
deployment tubes, each deployment tube configured to launch a
respective electro-shock projectile toward a target human; a
recognition circuit configured to recognize a body portion of the
target human authorized for administration of a selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles launched from respective
deployment tubes of the at least two deployment tubes, the electric
shock selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human; a
guidance circuit configured to determine a first flight path of a
first electro-shock projectile from a first deployment tube to the
recognized body portion of the target human, and to determine a
second flight path of a second electro-shock projectile from a
second deployment tube to the recognized body portion of the target
human; and an activator circuit configured to initiate in response
to a received authorization a launch from the first deployment tube
of the first electro-shock projectile along the first determined
flight path and a launch of the second electro-shock projectile
from the second deployment tube along the second determined flight
path.
54. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 53, wherein a
first deployment tube of the at least two deployment tubes includes
a first aimable deployment tube configured to launch the first
electro-shock projectile along a selected first flight path of at
least two different first flight paths.
55. (canceled)
56. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 53, wherein a
first deployment tube of the at least two deployment tubes is
configured to adjust at least one directional control surface of
the first electro-shock projectile in response to the first
determined flight path.
57. (canceled)
58. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 53, wherein a
first deployment tube of the at least two deployment tubes is
configured to deflect in response to the first determined flight
path the first electro-shock projectile as it departs the first
deployment tube.
59. (canceled)
60. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 53, further
comprising: a signal generator configured to apply the selected
electric shock across a first conductive electrode tip of the first
electro-shock projectile in contact with the tissue of the target
human at a first contact point and a second conductive electrode
tip of the second electro-shock projectile in contact with the
tissue of the target human at a second contact point.
61. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 53, wherein a
first deployment tube of the at least two deployment tubes is
configured to launch a first tethered electro-shock projectile and
a second deployment tube of the at least two deployment tubes is
configured to launch a second tethered electro-shock
projectile.
62. (canceled)
63. The electro-shock projectile launcher of claim 53, wherein the
at least two deployment tubes include at least two field
interchangeable deployment tubes, each deployment tube of the at
least two deployment tubes configured to launch a respective
electro-shock projectile.
64. (canceled)
65. (canceled)
66. (canceled)
67. (canceled)
68. (canceled)
Description
[0001] If an Application Data Sheet (ADS) has been filed on the
filing date of this application, it is incorporated by reference
herein. Any applications claimed on the ADS for priority under 35
U.S.C. .sctn..sctn. 119, 120, 121, or 365(c), and any and all
parent, grandparent, great-grandparent, etc. applications of such
applications, are also incorporated by reference, including any
priority claims made in those applications and any material
incorporated by reference, to the extent such subject matter is not
inconsistent herewith.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0002] The present application claims the benefit of the earliest
available effective filing date(s) from the following listed
application(s) (the "Priority Applications"), if any, listed below
(e.g., claims earliest available priority dates for other than
provisional patent applications or claims benefits under 35 USC
.sctn. 119(e) for provisional patent applications, for any and all
parent, grandparent, great-grandparent, etc. applications of the
Priority Application(s)). In addition, the present application is
related to the "Related Applications," if any, listed below.
PRIORITY APPLICATIONS
[0003] None.
[0004] If the listings of applications provided above are
inconsistent with the listings provided via an ADS, it is the
intent of the Applicant to claim priority to each application that
appears in the Priority Applications section of the ADS and to each
application that appears in the Priority Applications section of
this application.
[0005] All subject matter of the Priority Applications and the
Related Applications and of any and all parent, grandparent,
great-grandparent, etc. applications of the Priority Applications
and the Related Applications, including any priority claims, is
incorporated herein by reference to the extent such subject matter
is not inconsistent herewith.
SUMMARY
[0006] For example, and without limitation, an embodiment of the
subject matter described herein includes an electro-shock
projectile launcher. The electro-shock projectile launcher includes
a deployment tube configured to launch an electro-shock projectile
toward a target human. The launcher includes a recognition circuit
configured to recognize a body portion of the target human
authorized for administration of a selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles. The launcher includes a guidance circuit
configured to determine a flight path of the electro-shock
projectile from the deployment tube to the recognized body portion
of the target human. The launcher includes an activator circuit
configured to initiate a launch from the deployment tube of the
electro-shock projectile along the determined flight path in
response a received authorization.
[0007] In an embodiment, the launcher includes a field
interchangeable structure that includes the deployment tube. In an
embodiment, the launcher includes a structure configured to be
mounted on a vehicle, building, or object. In an embodiment, the
launcher includes a handheld structure that includes the
electro-shock projectile launcher. In an embodiment, the launcher
includes a library of at least one human body portion authorized
for administration of the selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectiles stored on a non-transitory computer readable media. In
an embodiment, the launcher includes an image acquisition device
configured to capture an image of at least a portion of the target
human. In an embodiment, the launcher includes a target pointer
beam configured to illuminate at least a portion of the target
human. In an embodiment, the launcher includes an image acquisition
device configured to capture an image of at least a portion of the
target human illuminated by a target pointer beam. In an
embodiment, the launcher includes a signal generator configured to
output a selected electric shock to a conductive filament
electrically coupled with a tethered electro-shock projectile and
through projectile-contacted tissue of the target human. The
electric shock is selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the
target human. In an embodiment, the launcher includes a signal
generator configured to output a selected electric shock to a
conductive tip of the electro-shock projectile and through tissue
of the target human contacted by the electro-shock projectile. The
electric shock is selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the
target human. In an embodiment, the launcher includes a dosage
circuit configured to select an electric shock that inhibits
voluntary movement by the target human but does not exceed a safety
standard for the recognized body portion of the human target. In an
embodiment, the launcher includes a signal generator configured to
output the selected electric shock to a conductive tip of the
electro-shock projectile and through tissue of the target human
contacted by the electro-shock projectile. In an embodiment, the
launcher includes a launch safety circuit configured to emit a
human perceivable signal if a condition is not met. In an
embodiment, the launcher includes a launch safety circuit
configured to prevent a launch of the electro-shock projectile from
the electro-shock projectile launcher if a condition is not met. In
an embodiment, the launcher includes a fail-safe circuit configured
to prevent a discharge of an electrical shock into a
projectile-contacted tissue of the target human if the
electro-shock projectile-contacted tissue is a body portion not
authorized for tissue contact.
[0008] For example, and without limitation, an embodiment of the
subject matter described herein includes a method. The method
includes targeting a human for an administration of a selected
electric shock by an electro-shock projectile. The electric shock
selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human without
exceeding a safety standard for the recognized body portion of the
human target. The method includes recognizing a body portion of the
target human as authorized for administration of the selected
electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. The method includes
determining a flight path of the electro-shock projectile from a
deployment tube of an electro-shock projectile launcher to the
recognized body portion of the target human. The method includes
initiating a launch of the electro-shock projectile from the
deployment tube and along the determined flight path in response a
received authorization.
[0009] In an embodiment, the method includes capturing an image of
the target human; and wherein the recognizing includes recognizing
in the captured image at least one body portion of the target human
authorized for administration of the selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the method includes
outputting the selected electric shock through tissue of the target
human contacted by the electro-shock projectile, the electric shock
selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human. In an
embodiment, the method includes selecting the electric shock to
have an excitation voltage, current, or duration parameter
responsive to a safe tolerance level of the recognized target human
body portion while inhibiting voluntary movement by the target
human.
[0010] For example, and without limitation, an embodiment of the
subject matter described herein includes an electro-shock
projectile launcher. The electro-shock projectile launcher includes
at least two deployment tubes, each deployment tube configured to
launch a respective electro-shock projectile toward a target human.
The launcher includes a recognition circuit configured to recognize
a body portion of the target human authorized for administration of
a selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles launched
from respective deployment tubes of the at least two deployment
tubes. The electric shock selected to inhibit voluntary movement by
the target human. The launcher includes a guidance circuit
configured to determine a first flight path of a first
electro-shock projectile from a first deployment tube to the
recognized body portion of the target human, and to determine a
second flight path of a second electro-shock projectile from a
second deployment tube to the recognized body portion of the target
human. The launcher includes an activator circuit configured to
initiate in response to a received authorization a launch from the
first deployment tube of the first electro-shock projectile along
the first determined flight path and a launch of the second
electro-shock projectile from the second deployment tube along the
second determined flight path.
[0011] In an embodiment, the launcher includes a signal generator
configured to apply the selected electric shock across a first
conductive electrode tip of the first electro-shock projectile in
contact with the tissue of the target human at a first contact
point and a second conductive electrode tip of the second
electro-shock projectile in contact with the tissue of the target
human at a second contact point. In an embodiment, the launcher
includes a handheld structure that includes the electro-shock
projectile launcher.
[0012] For example, and without limitation, an embodiment of the
subject matter described herein includes a system. The system
includes means for targeting a human to be administered a selected
electric shock by an electro-shock projectile, the electric shock
selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human without
exceeding a safety standard for the recognized body portion of the
human target. The system includes means for recognizing a body
portion of the target human authorized for administration of the
selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. The system
includes means for determining a flight path of the electro-shock
projectile from a deployment tube of an electro-shock projectile
launcher to the recognized body portion of the target human. The
system includes means for initiating a launch of the electro-shock
projectile from the deployment tube and along the determined flight
path in response a received authorization.
[0013] In an embodiment, the system includes means for capturing an
image of at least a portion of the target human; and wherein the
means for recognizing includes means for recognizing in the
captured image at least one body portion of the target human
authorized for administration of the selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the system includes
means for outputting the selected electric shock through
electrode-contacted tissue of the target human. In an embodiment,
the system includes means for selecting the electric shock to have
an excitation voltage, current, or duration parameter responsive to
a safe tolerance level of the recognized target human body portion
while inhibiting voluntary movement by the target human.
[0014] The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not
intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative
aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further
aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by
reference to the drawings and the following detailed
description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example environment in
which embodiments may be implemented;
[0016] FIG. 2 illustrates an example operational flow;
[0017] FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the operational flow
described in conjunction with FIG. 2;
[0018] FIG. 4 illustrates an environment that includes the target
human and an electro-shock projectile launcher;
[0019] FIG. 5 illustrates an example system;
[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates an environment that includes the target
human and a steerable electro-shock projectile;
[0021] FIG. 7 illustrates an environment that includes the target
human and a system;
[0022] FIG. 8 illustrates an example operational flow; and
[0023] FIG. 9 illustrates an environment that includes the target
human and a system.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In the following detailed description, reference is made to
the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the
drawings, similar symbols typically identify similar components,
unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments
described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not
meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized, and other
changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of
the subject matter presented here.
[0025] This application makes reference to technologies described
more fully in U.S. patent application Ser. No. To be assigned,
TRAJECTORY-CONTROLLED ELECTRO-SHOCK PROJECTILES, Roderick A. Hyde
et al. as inventors, filed on Aug. 31, 2016, is related to the
present application. That application is incorporated by reference
herein, including any subject matter included by reference in that
application.
[0026] Those having skill in the art will recognize that the state
of the art has progressed to the point where there is little
distinction left between hardware, software, and/or firmware
implementations of aspects of systems; the use of hardware,
software, and/or firmware is generally (but not always, in that in
certain contexts the choice between hardware and software can
become significant) a design choice representing cost vs.
efficiency tradeoffs. Those having skill in the art will appreciate
that there are various implementations by which processes and/or
systems and/or other technologies described herein can be effected
(e.g., hardware, software, and/or firmware), and that the preferred
implementation will vary with the context in which the processes
and/or systems and/or other technologies are deployed. For example,
if an implementer determines that speed and accuracy are paramount,
the implementer may opt for a mainly hardware and/or firmware
implementation; alternatively, if flexibility is paramount, the
implementer may opt for a mainly software implementation; or, yet
again alternatively, the implementer may opt for some combination
of hardware, software, and/or firmware. Hence, there are several
possible implementations by which the processes and/or devices
and/or other technologies described herein may be effected, none of
which is inherently superior to the other in that any
implementation to be utilized is a choice dependent upon the
context in which the implementation will be deployed and the
specific concerns (e.g., speed, flexibility, or predictability) of
the implementer, any of which may vary. Those skilled in the art
will recognize that optical aspects of implementations will
typically employ optically-oriented hardware, software, and or
firmware.
[0027] In some implementations described herein, logic and similar
implementations may include software or other control structures
suitable to implement an operation. Electronic circuitry, for
example, may manifest one or more paths of electrical current
constructed and arranged to implement various logic functions as
described herein. In some implementations, one or more media are
configured to bear a device-detectable implementation if such media
hold or transmit a special-purpose device instruction set operable
to perform as described herein. In some variants, for example, this
may manifest as an update or other modification of existing
software or firmware, or of gate arrays or other programmable
hardware, such as by performing a reception of or a transmission of
one or more instructions in relation to one or more operations
described herein. Alternatively or additionally, in some variants,
an implementation may include special-purpose hardware, software,
firmware components, and/or general-purpose components executing or
otherwise invoking special-purpose components. Specifications or
other implementations may be transmitted by one or more instances
of tangible transmission media as described herein, optionally by
packet transmission or otherwise by passing through distributed
media at various times.
[0028] Alternatively or additionally, implementations may include
executing a special-purpose instruction sequence or otherwise
invoking circuitry for enabling, triggering, coordinating,
requesting, or otherwise causing one or more occurrences of any
functional operations described below. In some variants,
operational or other logical descriptions herein may be expressed
directly as source code and compiled or otherwise invoked as an
executable instruction sequence. In some contexts, for example, C++
or other code sequences can be compiled directly or otherwise
implemented in high-level descriptor languages (e.g., a
logic-synthesizable language, a hardware description language, a
hardware design simulation, and/or other such similar mode(s) of
expression). Alternatively or additionally, some or all of the
logical expression may be manifested as a Verilog-type hardware
description or other circuitry model before physical implementation
in hardware, especially for basic operations or timing-critical
applications. Those skilled in the art will recognize how to
obtain, configure, and optimize suitable transmission or
computational elements, material supplies, actuators, or other
common structures in light of these teachings.
[0029] In a general sense, those skilled in the art will recognize
that the various embodiments described herein can be implemented,
individually and/or collectively, by various types of
electro-mechanical systems having a wide range of electrical
components such as hardware, software, firmware, and/or virtually
any combination thereof; and a wide range of components that may
impart mechanical force or motion such as rigid bodies, spring or
torsional bodies, hydraulics, electro-magnetically actuated
devices, and/or virtually any combination thereof. Consequently, as
used herein "electro-mechanical system" includes, but is not
limited to, electrical circuitry operably coupled with a transducer
(e.g., an actuator, a motor, a piezoelectric crystal, a Micro
Electro Mechanical System (MEMS), etc.), electrical circuitry
having at least one discrete electrical circuit, electrical
circuitry having at least one integrated circuit, electrical
circuitry having at least one application specific integrated
circuit, electrical circuitry forming a general purpose computing
device configured by a computer program (e.g., a general purpose
computer configured by a computer program which at least partially
carries out processes and/or devices described herein, or a
microprocessor configured by a computer program which at least
partially carries out processes and/or devices described herein),
electrical circuitry forming a memory device (e.g., forms of memory
(e.g., random access, flash, read only, etc.)), electrical
circuitry forming a communications device (e.g., a modem, module,
communications switch, optical-electrical equipment, etc.), and/or
any non-electrical analog thereto, such as optical or other
analogs. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that
examples of electro-mechanical systems include but are not limited
to a variety of consumer electronics systems, medical devices, as
well as other systems such as motorized transport systems, factory
automation systems, security systems, and/or
communication/computing systems. Those skilled in the art will
recognize that electro-mechanical as used herein is not necessarily
limited to a system that has both electrical and mechanical
actuation except as context may dictate otherwise.
[0030] In a general sense, those skilled in the art will also
recognize that the various aspects described herein which can be
implemented, individually and/or collectively, by a wide range of
hardware, software, firmware, and/or any combination thereof can be
viewed as being composed of various types of "circuitry" or
"electrical circuitry." Consequently, as used herein "circuitry" or
"electrical circuitry" includes, but is not limited to, electrical
circuitry having at least one discrete electrical circuit,
electrical circuitry having at least one integrated circuit,
electrical circuitry having at least one application specific
integrated circuit, electrical circuitry forming a general purpose
computing device configured by a computer program (e.g., a general
purpose computer configured by a computer program which at least
partially carries out processes and/or devices described herein, or
a microprocessor configured by a computer program which at least
partially carries out processes and/or devices described herein),
electrical circuitry forming a memory device (e.g., forms of memory
(e.g., random access, flash, read only, etc.)), and/or electrical
circuitry forming a communications device (e.g., a modem,
communications switch, optical-electrical equipment, etc.). Those
having skill in the art will recognize that the subject matter
described herein may be implemented in an analog or digital fashion
or some combination thereof.
[0031] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that at
least a portion of the devices and/or processes described herein
can be integrated into an image processing system. A typical image
processing system may generally include one or more of a system
unit housing, a video display device, memory such as volatile or
non-volatile memory, processors such as microprocessors or digital
signal processors, computational entities such as operating
systems, drivers, applications programs, one or more interaction
devices, control systems including feedback loops and control
motors. An image processing system may be implemented utilizing
suitable commercially available components, such as those typically
found in digital still systems and/or digital motion systems.
[0032] Computer-readable media may include any media that can be
accessed by a computing device and include non-transitory media,
both volatile and nonvolatile media, and removable and
non-removable media. By way of example, and not of limitation,
computer-readable media may include computer storage media.
Computer storage media includes nonvolatile, removable and
non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for
storage of information such as computer-readable instructions, data
structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media
includes, but is not limited to, random-access memory (RAM),
read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable
read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, or other memory
technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD), or other optical
disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk
storage, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium
which can be used to store the desired information and which can be
accessed by the computing device 110. In a further embodiment, a
computer storage media may include a group of computer storage
media devices. In another embodiment, a computer storage media may
include an information store. In another embodiment, an information
store may include a quantum memory, a photonic quantum memory, or
atomic quantum memory. Combinations of any of the above may also be
included within the scope of computer-readable media.
[0033] In certain instances, one or more elements of a disclosed
embodiment may be deemed not necessary and omitted. In other
instances, one or more other elements of a disclosed embodiment may
be deemed necessary and added.
[0034] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example environment 100
in which embodiments may be implemented. The environment includes a
target human 195 and an electro-shock projectile launcher 105. The
electro-shock projectile launcher includes a deployment tube 110
configured to launch an electro-shock projectile 120 toward the
target human. The electro-shock projectile launcher includes a
targeting circuit 132 configured to recognize a body portion or a
body part (hereafter referred to as "body portion" 197) of the
target human authorized for administration of a selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the targeting
circuit is configured to recognize a body portion of the target
human as authorized for administration of a selected electric shock
by electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the targeting
circuit is configured to recognize a body portion of the target
human as authorized for tissue contact by the electro-shock
projectile and administration of the selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the tissue contact
includes a tissue impact or a tissue penetration. In an embodiment,
the electro-shock projectile launcher includes a deployment tube
110 configured to launch a conducted electro-shock projectile 120
toward the target human, the conducted electro-shock projectile
electrically coupled with the launcher by an electrically
conductive tether.
[0035] The electro-shock projectile launcher 105 includes a
guidance circuit 134 configured to determine a flight path 116 of
the electro-shock projectile 120 from the deployment tube 110 to
the recognized body portion of the target human. In an embodiment,
the flight path determination may be responsive to pointing or
aimed direction of the deployment tube, a motion of the deployment
tube, or distance from the deployment tube to the target human 195.
In an embodiment, the flight path determination may be responsive
to known projectile flight dispersion. The electro-shock projectile
launcher includes an activator circuit 136 configured to initiate a
launch from the deployment tube of the electro-shock projectile
along the determined flight path in response a received
authorization. In an embodiment, the received authorization
includes an authorization received from a person holding the
electro-shock projectile launcher. For example, the authorization
may be generated by the person pulling a trigger 182 of a handheld
structure 180. For example, the authorization may be generated by
the person speaking a voice recognized command. In an embodiment,
the received authorization includes an authorization received from
a machine. For example, the machine may include an intruder
security system. In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile
launcher is a conducted electro-shock projectile launcher.
[0036] In an embodiment, the activator circuit 136 is configured to
record the time when the launch of the projectile is activated. In
an embodiment, data indicative of the time when the launch of the
projectile is activated and indicative of a time when the
recognition circuit recognizes the body portion of the target human
authorized for administration of a selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles are stored in an association in a
non-volatile computer readable media. In an embodiment, the
deployment tube 110 includes an aimable deployment tube configured
to launch the electro-shock projectile 120 along a flight path 116
selected from at least different two flight paths. In an
embodiment, the aimable deployment tube is configured to be aimed
independently of an orientation of the handheld structure 180 that
includes electro-shock projectile launcher 105. In an embodiment,
the aimable deployment tube is configured to be aimed along one
axis. In an embodiment, the aimable deployment tube is configured
to be aimed along two axes.
[0037] In an embodiment, the deployment tube 110 is configured to
adjust at least one directional control surface of the
electro-shock projectile in response to the determined flight path
116. For example, a directional control surface may include an air
deflecting surface or fin. An air deflecting surface or fin is
illustrated in FIG. 6 by an air deflecting surface or fin 614A or
fin 614B. In an embodiment, the deployment tube is configured to
deflect the electro-shock projectile as it departs the deployment
tube in response to the determined flight path to direct the
electro-shock projectile in the flight path toward the target human
body portion. For example, the deflection may be implemented by an
air deflecting surface. In an embodiment, the deployment tube is
configured to deflect the electro-shock projectile as it departs
the deployment tube in response to the determined flight path. For
example, the deflection may be done by deflecting the projectile as
it leaves the deployment tube.
[0038] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile 120 is
configured to administer an electric shock into tissue of the
target human 195 at a contact point. The administered electric
shock inhibiting voluntary movement or locomotion by the target
human. In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile is configured
to administer an electric shock into tissue of the target human at
a contact point either alone or in cooperation with one or more
other electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the
electro-shock projectile is configured to administer an electric
shock into tissue of the target human upon impacting the target
human. In an embodiment, the body portion 197 of the target human
195 authorized for administration of the selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles includes a back, lower torso, pelvis,
hip, arm, legs, or foot. In an embodiment, the target human body
portion authorized for administration of the selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles does not include a thorax, upper
torso, or head portion of the target human. In an embodiment, an
unauthorized or not-authorized body portion of the target human is
illustrated by the head 199 of the target human.
[0039] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes a field interchangeable structure 112 that includes the
deployment tube 110. In an embodiment, the field interchangeable
structure includes the electro-shock projectile 120 preloaded in
the deployment tube. In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile
launcher 105 includes a structure configured to be mounted on a
vehicle, building, or object. In an embodiment, the electro-shock
projectile launcher is aimable. In an embodiment, the handheld
structure 180 includes the electro-shock projectile launcher. In an
embodiment, the handheld structure is aimable by a person holding
the handheld structure. In an embodiment, the electro-shock
projectile launcher includes a library 138 of at least one human
body portion authorized for administration of the selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles stored on a non-transitory
computer readable media. In an embodiment, the library further
includes at least one human body portion not authorized for
administration of the selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectiles, illustrated as the head 199.
[0040] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes an image acquisition device 142 configured to capture an
image of at least a portion of the target human 195. For example,
the image acquisition device may include a digital camera, CCD
array, sonic or ultrasonic image capture device, or other sensor.
In an embodiment, the image acquisition device is further
configured to capture the image of at least a portion of the target
human proximate in time to an initiation of a launch by the
activator circuit 136. In an embodiment, the image acquisition
device is further configured to capture the image of at least a
portion of the target human and record a time of an initiation of a
launch by the activator circuit. In an embodiment, the targeting
circuit 132 is configured to recognize the target human body
portion 197 authorized for administration of the selected electric
shock in an image that includes at least a portion of the target
human.
[0041] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes a target pointer beam 144 configured to illuminate at
least a portion of the target human 195. For example, the target
pointer beam may include a visible or IR laser light beam. In an
embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher includes the
image acquisition device 142 configured to capture an image of at
least a portion of the target human illuminated by a target pointer
beam. In an embodiment, the image acquisition device is further
configured to capture the image of at least a portion of the target
human proximate in time to an initiation of a launch by the
activator circuit. In an embodiment, the targeting circuit 132 is
configured to recognize in the captured image at least one body
portion 197 of the target human 195 authorized for administration
of the selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an
embodiment, the targeting circuit is configured to recognize in the
captured image at least one body portion of the target human not
authorized 199 for administration of the selected electric shock by
the electro-shock projectile.
[0042] In an embodiment of the electro-shock projectile launcher
105, the electro-shock projectile 120 includes a tethered
electro-shock projectile. An embodiment of a tethered electro-shock
projectile is described in M. Hanchett, Electrode for electronic
weaponry that dissipates kinetic energy, Pub. No. US 20160010956
(Jan. 14, 2016). An embodiment of a tethered electro-shock
projectile is described in T. Beechey, et al., Electronic for
electronic weaponry and methods of manufacture, Pub. No. US
20140293499 (Oct. 2, 2014). An embodiment of a tethered
electro-shock projectile is described in M. Hanchett, et al.,
Systems and method for electrodes and coupling structures for
electronic weaponry, Pub. No. 20140153153 (Jan. 5, 2014). An
embodiment of a tethered electro-shock projectile is described in
M. Cerovic, et al., Systems and method for deploying electrodes
from a covered cavity for electronic weaponry, Pub. No. US
20070297116 (Dec. 27, 2007).
[0043] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes a signal generator 146 configured to output a selected
electric shock or stimulus to a conductive filament electrically
coupled with a tethered electro-shock projectile 120 and through
projectile-contacted tissue of the target human 195. The electric
shock selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human.
In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher includes
the conductive filament electrically coupled between the signal
generator and the electro-shock projectile. In an embodiment, the
electric shock is selected to have an excitation voltage, current,
or duration parameter responsive to a safe tolerance level of the
recognized target human body portion while inhibiting voluntary
movement by the target human. For example, the electric shock may
have an adjusted excitation voltage, current, or duration based on
a tissue contact or penetration site. For example, the electric
shock may apply more excitation in some sites, such as thigh or
lower legs than in other sites, such as arms.
[0044] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile 120 includes
a signal generator 146 configured to output a selected electric
shock to a conductive tip of the electro-shock projectile and
through tissue of the target human 195 contacted by the
electro-shock projectile. The electric shock selected to inhibit
voluntary movement by the target human.
[0045] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes a dosage circuit 148 configured to select an electric
shock that inhibits voluntary movement by the target human 195 but
does not exceed a safety standard for the recognized body portion
of the human target. An embodiment of selecting electric shock
parameter is described in P. Smith, et al., Systems and method for
immobilization using charge delivery, Pub. No. 20060256498 (Nov.
16, 2006). In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher
a signal generator 146 configured to output the selected electric
shock to a conductive tip of the electro-shock projectile and
through tissue of the target human contacted by the electro-shock
projectile.
[0046] In an embodiment, the deployment tube 110 includes a field
interchangeable deployment tube preloaded with the electro-shock
projectile 120. In an embodiment, the guidance circuit 134 is
further configured to adjust inflight at least one directional
control surface of the electro-shock projectile to direct the
electro-shock projectile along the determined flight path. In an
embodiment, the targeting circuit 132 is further configured to emit
a human perceivable signal in response to a recognition of the body
portion 197 authorized for tissue contact. For example, the human
perceivable signal may include a sound, light, haptic signal.
[0047] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes a launch safety circuit 152 configured to emit a human
perceivable signal if a condition is not met. For example, the
human perceivable signal may include a sound, light, or haptic
signal. In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes the launch safety circuit 152 configured to prevent a
launch of the electro-shock projectile 120 from the electro-shock
projectile launcher if a condition is not met. In an embodiment,
the condition is not met if the targeting circuit fails to
recognize at least one body portion 197 of the target human
authorized for administration of the selected electric shock by the
electro-shock projectile. For example, the condition may not be met
if a predicted impact point of the electro-shock projectile is the
head 199, upper torso, or other non-authorized predicted impact
point on the human target. In an embodiment, the condition is not
met if the guidance circuit 134 determines that a likelihood of the
electronic projectile successfully contacting the recognized body
portion of the target human is less than a specified value. For
example, a specified value of the likelihood may be a 75%, 50%, or
30% likelihood of the electronic projectile successfully contacting
the recognized body portion of the target human. For example, the
likelihood may be responsive to a motion of the deployment tube or
the human target, an excessive distance to the human target, or a
high projectile dispersion relative to the size of the human
target.
[0048] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 105
includes a fail-safe circuit 154 configured to prevent a discharge
of an electrical shock into the target human 195 if the
electro-shock projectile-contacted-tissue is a body portion not
authorized 199 for administration of the selected electric shock.
For example, a body portion of the target human not authorized for
administration of the selected electric shock may include a body
portion of the target human that is not recognized by the
recognition circuit. In an embodiment, the fail-safe circuit
configured to prevent a discharge of an electrical shock into
projectile-contacted tissue of the target human if the
electro-shock projectile-contacted tissue is in a body portion of
the target human that is disapproved for tissue contact. For
example, a body portion of the target human not authorized for
administration of the selected electric shock in a database. For
example, the database may be stored on a non-volatile computer
readable medium accessible by the electro-shock projectile
launcher.
[0049] FIG. 2 illustrates an example operational flow 200. After a
start operation, the operational flow includes an aiming operation
210. The aiming operation includes targeting a human for an
administration of a selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectile. The electric shock is selected to inhibit voluntary
movement by the target human without exceeding a safety standard
for the recognized body portion of the target human. In an
embodiment, the aiming operation may be implemented using the
targeting circuit 132 as described in conjunction with FIG. 1. A
validation operation 220 includes recognizing a body portion of the
target human as authorized for administration of the selected
electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the
validation operation may be implemented using the targeting circuit
132 described in conjunction with FIG. 2. A guidance operation 230
includes determining a flight path of the electro-shock projectile
from a deployment tube of an electro-shock projectile launcher to
the recognized body portion of the target human. In an embodiment,
the guidance operation may be implemented using the guidance
circuit 134 described in conjunction with FIG. 2. An activation
operation 240 includes initiating a launch of the electro-shock
projectile from the deployment tube and along the determined flight
path in response a received authorization. In an embodiment, the
activation operation may be implemented using the activator circuit
136 described in conjunction with FIG. 1. The operational flow
includes an end operation.
[0050] In an embodiment of the validation operation 220, the
recognizing includes recognizing a body portion of the target human
authorized for administration of the selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles in response to a library stored on a
non-transitory computer readable media. The library including at
least two body portions of humans authorized for administration of
the selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an
embodiment, the library includes at least one body portion of
humans not authorized for administration of the selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the library
includes at least one body portion of humans unauthorized for
administration of the selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectiles. In an embodiment, the aiming operation 210 further
includes illuminating the target human with a target pointer beam.
In an embodiment, the validation operation includes recognizing the
target human body portion authorized for administration of the
selected electric shock in an image of at least a portion of the
target human acquired in real time. In an embodiment, the guidance
operation 230 includes determining an alignment of the deployment
tube implementing or facilitating a launch of the electro-shock
projectile along the determined flight path.
[0051] FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the operational flow 200
described in conjunction with FIG. 2. In the embodiment, the
operational flow may include at least one additional operation 250.
An additional operation 252 includes capturing an image of the
target human. In the operation 252, the recognizing of the
validation operation 220 includes recognizing in the captured image
at least one body portion of the target human authorized for
administration of the selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectiles. In an embodiment, the operation 252 includes capturing
an image of the target human illuminated by a target pointer beam.
An additional operation 254 includes outputting the selected
electric shock through tissue of the target human contacted by the
electro-shock projectile, the electric shock selected to inhibit
voluntary movement by the target human. In an embodiment, the
outputting includes outputting the selected electric shock to a
conductive filament electrically coupled with a tethered
electro-shock projectile and through tissue of the target human
contacted by the electro-shock projectile. An additional operation
256 includes selecting the electric shock to have an excitation
voltage, current, or duration parameter responsive to a safe
tolerance level of the recognized target human body portion while
inhibiting voluntary movement by the target human.
[0052] FIG. 4 illustrates an environment 400 that includes the
target human 195 and an electro-shock projectile launcher 405. The
electro-shock projectile launcher includes at least two deployment
tubes 410, illustrated by a first deployment tube 410A and a second
deployment tube 410B. Each deployment tube is configured to launch
a respective electro-shock projectile, illustrated by a first
electro-shock projectile 420A and a second electro-shock projectile
420B, toward the target human. The electro-shock projectile
launcher includes a targeting circuit 432 configured to recognize a
body portion of the target human authorized for administration 197
of a selected electric shock by at least two electro-shock
projectiles launched from respective deployment tubes of the at
least two deployment tubes. The electric shock is selected to
inhibit voluntary movement by the target human. The electro-shock
projectile launcher includes a guidance circuit 434 configured to
determine a first flight path 416A of the first electro-shock
projectile from the first deployment tube to the recognized body
portion of the target human, and to determine a second flight path
416B of the second electro-shock projectile 420B from the second
deployment tube to the recognized body portion of the target human.
In an embodiment, the guidance circuit is configured to determine a
first flight path of a first electro-shock projectile from a first
deployment tube to a first contact point on the recognized body
portion of the target human, and to determine a second flight path
of a second electro-shock projectile from a second deployment tube
to a second contact point on the recognized body portion of the
target human. In an embodiment, the first and second body portions
can be the same body portion. For example, both may be the right
thigh of the target human. In an embodiment, the first and second
body portions can be different body portions. For example, the
first body portion may be the right buttock and the second body
portion may be the left buttock. The electro-shock projectile
launcher includes an activator circuit 436 configured to initiate
in response to a received authorization a launch from the first
deployment tube of the first electro-shock projectile along the
first determined flight path and a launch of the second
electro-shock projectile from the second deployment tube along the
second determined flight path. In an embodiment, the received
authorization includes an authorization received from a person
holding the electro-shock projectile launcher. For example, the
authorization may be generated by the person pulling a trigger 182
of a handheld structure 480. For example, the authorization may be
generated by the person speaking a voice recognized command. In an
embodiment, the received authorization includes an authorization
received from a machine. For example, the machine may include an
intruder security system.
[0053] In an embodiment, the first deployment tube 410A of the at
least two deployment tubes 410 includes a first aimable deployment
tube 410A configured to launch the first electro-shock projectile
420A along a selected first flight path 416A of at least two
different first flight paths. In an embodiment, the second
deployment tube 410B of the at least two deployment tubes includes
a second aimable deployment tube configured to launch the second
electro-shock projectile 420B along a selected second flight path
416B of at least two different second flight paths. In an
embodiment, the first deployment tube of the at least two
deployment tubes is configured to adjust at least one directional
control surface of the first electro-shock projectile in response
to the first determined flight path. For example, a directional
control surface may include an air deflecting surface or fin. An
air deflecting surface or fin is illustrated in FIG. 6 by air
deflecting surface or fin 614A. In an embodiment, the first
deployment tube of the at least two deployment tubes is configured
to adjust at least one directional control surface of the first
electro-shock projectile in response to the first determined flight
path to direct the electro-shock projectile in the flight path
toward the target human body portion. In an embodiment, the second
deployment tube of the at least two deployment tubes is configured
to adjust at least one directional control surface of the second
electro-shock projectile in response to the second determined
flight path. In an embodiment, the first deployment tube of the at
least two deployment tubes is configured to deflect the first
electro-shock projectile in response to the first determined flight
path as it departs the first deployment tube. In an embodiment, the
first deployment tube is configured to deflect the first
electro-shock projectile as it leaves the deployment tube. In an
embodiment, the second deployment tube of the at least two
deployment tubes is configured to deflect in response to the second
determined flight path the second electro-shock projectile as it
departs the second deployment tube.
[0054] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 405
includes a signal generator 446 configured to apply the selected
electric shock across a first conductive electrode tip 422A of the
first electro-shock projectile 420A in contact with the tissue of
the target human 195 at a first contact point and a second
conductive electrode tip 422B of the second electro-shock
projectile 420B in contact with the tissue of the target human at a
second contact point. In an embodiment, the first deployment tube
410A of the at least two deployment tubes 410 is configured to
launch a first tethered electro-shock projectile 420A and a second
deployment tube 410B of the at least two deployment tubes is
configured to launch a second tethered electro-shock projectile
420B. In an embodiment, the first tethered electro-shock projectile
includes a signal generator, such as the signal generator 446,
configured to apply the selected electric shock to the tissue of
the target human at a first contact point and to the tissue of the
target animal at a second contact point.
[0055] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 405
includes a field interchangeable structure 412 that includes the at
least two deployment tubes 410, illustrated as the deployment tube
410A and the deployment tube 410B. In an embodiment, the field
interchangeable structure includes an electro-shock projectile
respectively preloaded in each deployment tube, illustrated as the
first electro-shock projectile 420A and the second electro-shock
projectile 420B. Each deployment tube of the at least two
deployment tubes is configured to launch a respective electro-shock
projectile. In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher
includes a handheld structure 480 that includes the electro-shock
projectile launcher. In an embodiment, the handheld structure
includes an aimable handheld structure.
[0056] In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher 405
may include a the library 138 of at least one human body portion
authorized for administration of the selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles stored on a non-transitory computer
readable media described in conjunction with FIG. 1. In an
embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher may include the
image acquisition device 142 described in conjunction with FIG. 1.
In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher may include
the target pointer beam 144 described in conjunction with FIG. 1.
In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher may include
signal generator 146 as described in conjunction with FIG. 1. In an
embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher may include the
dosage circuit 148 described in conjunction with FIG. 1. In an
embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher may include
launch safety circuit 152 as described in conjunction with FIG. 1.
In an embodiment, the electro-shock projectile launcher may include
the fail-safe circuit described in conjunction with FIG. 1.
[0057] FIG. 5 illustrates an example system 500. The system
includes means for targeting a human to be administered a selected
electric shock by an electro-shock projectile. The electric shock
is selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the target human
without exceeding a safety standard for the recognized body portion
of the human target. The system includes means for recognizing 520
a body portion of the target human authorized for administration of
the selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. The
system includes means for determining 530 a flight path of the
electro-shock projectile from a deployment tube of an electro-shock
projectile launcher to the recognized body portion of the target
human. The system includes means for initiating 540 a launch of the
electro-shock projectile from the deployment tube and along the
determined flight path in response a received authorization. In an
embodiment, the received authorization may include a human
initiated authorization or a machine initiated authorization.
[0058] In an embodiment, the system includes means for capturing
550 an image of at least a portion of the target human; and the
means for recognizing 520 includes recognizing in the captured
image at least one body portion of the target human authorized for
administration of the selected electric shock by electro-shock
projectiles. In an embodiment, the system includes means for
outputting 560 the selected electric shock through
electrode-contacted tissue of the target human. In an embodiment,
the system includes means for selecting 570 the electric shock to
have an excitation voltage, current, or duration parameter
responsive to a safe tolerance level of the recognized target human
body portion while inhibiting voluntary movement by the target
human.
[0059] FIG. 6 illustrates an environment 600 that includes the
target human 195 and a steerable electro-shock projectile 610. The
steerable electro-shock projectile includes a recognition circuit
622 configured to recognize a body portion of the target human
authorized for administration 197 of a selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles. The steerable electro-shock projectile
includes a conductive electrode tip 612A configured to administer
the selected electric shock to the recognized body portion of the
target human. The electric shock selected to inhibit voluntary
movement by the target human. The steerable electro-shock
projectile includes a guidance circuit 624 configured to generate
instructions directing the electro-shock projectile along a flight
path 616 toward the recognized body portion of the target human.
The steerable electro-shock projectile includes a flight controller
626 configured to operate a directional control surface in response
to the generated instructions. For example, the directional control
surface may include an air deflecting surface. For example, an air
deflecting surface may include the fin 614A or fin 614B. For
example, the directional control surface may include deformable
structure or asymmetric surface creating off-axis drag. An
embodiment of a directional control surface of a projectile is
described in M. Minnicino, Steerable munitions projectile, Pub. No.
US 20160033244 (Feb. 4, 2016). An embodiment of a directional
control surface of a projectile is described in P. Mallon, et al.,
Steerable Projectile, U.S. Pat. No. 8,719,639 (May 6, 2014). An
embodiment of a directional control surface of a projectile is
described in J. Jones et al., Small caliber guided projectile, U.S.
Pat. No. 7,781,709 (Aug. 24, 2010). In an embodiment, the flight
controller is configured to operate a directional control surface
in response to the generated instructions steering electro-shock
projectile along the flight path to the recognized body portion of
the target human. In an embodiment, the steerable electro-shock
projectile includes a signal generator 628 configured to output the
selected electric shock to the conductive electrode tip and through
tissue of the target human contacted by the conductive electrode
tip.
[0060] In an embodiment, the steerable electro-shock projectile 610
includes a receiver circuit 632 configured to receive information
indicative of the flight path 616 to the recognized body portion of
the target human 195. In an embodiment, the flight path may be
received from a system or a device configured to launch the
steerable electro-shock projectile. In an embodiment, the flight
path may be received wirelessly or over a tether from a device
configured to launch the steerable electro-shock projectile. In an
embodiment, the flight path may be received wirelessly or over a
tether from an airborne vehicle, such as a manned aircraft or
drone. In an embodiment, the flight path may be received from
another electro-shock projectile.
[0061] In an embodiment, the guidance circuit 624 is further
configured to determine the flight path 616 to the recognized body
portion of the target human 195. In an embodiment, the guidance
circuit is further configured to determine the flight path to the
recognized body portion of the target human in response to an
illumination reflected from the target human. For example, the
illumination may be provided by a target pointer beam configured to
illuminate at least a portion of the target human. In an
embodiment, the steerable electro-shock projectile 610 further
includes an illumination source configured to deliver illumination
to the target human. In an embodiment, the steerable electro-shock
projectile further includes a sensor configured to receive
illumination reflected from the target human. In an embodiment, the
sensor is configured to determine directional information to the
target human from the received illumination. In an embodiment, the
guidance circuit is further configured to (i) recognize in an image
of the target human a body portion authorized for administration
197 of the selected electric shock by the conductive electrode tip;
(ii) determine a flight path to the recognized body portion; and
(iii) generate the instructions steering the electro-shock
projectile along the determined flight path. In an embodiment,
guidance circuit is configured to (i) recognize in an image an
illuminated target human.
[0062] In an embodiment, the steerable electro-shock projectile 610
includes an image acquisition device 634 configured to capture an
image of at least a portion of the target human 195. In an
embodiment, the image acquisition device is configured to capture
an image of at least a portion of the target human illuminated by a
target pointer beam. In an embodiment, the image acquisition device
configured to detect an illumination reflected from the target
human.
[0063] In an embodiment, the steerable electro-shock projectile 610
includes another conductive electrode tip 612B configured to
co-administer the selected electric shock to the recognized body
portion of the target human 195. The signal generator 628 is
configured to apply the selected electric shock across the
conductive electrode tip 612A in the tissue of the target human at
a contact point and the another conductive electrode tip 612B in
the tissue of the target human at another contact point. In an
embodiment, the another conductive electrode tip is deployable from
the steerable electro-shock projectile. In an embodiment, the
electro-shock projectile 610 includes a projectile body configured
to be launched by rapidly expanding gas. For example, the rapidly
expanding gas may in a launch tube, or by a rocket motor. In an
embodiment, the steerable electro-shock projectile includes a
dosage circuit 636 configured to select an electric shock that
inhibits voluntary movement by the target human but does not exceed
a safety standard for the recognized body portion of the human
target.
[0064] FIG. 7 illustrates an environment 700 that includes the
target human 195 and a system 705. The system includes a first
steerable electro-shock projectile 710 and a second steerable
electro-shock projectile 750. The first steerable electro-shock
projectile includes a targeting circuit 722 configured to recognize
the body portion of the human target authorized for administration
197 of a selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. The
electric shock is selected to inhibit voluntary movement by the
target human without exceeding a safety standard for the recognized
body portion of the human target. The first steerable electro-shock
projectile includes a guidance circuit 724 configured to determine
(i) a first flight path 716 directing the first steerable
electro-shock projectile to the recognized body portion of the
human and (ii) a second flight path 756 directing a second
steerable electro-shock projectile 750 to the recognized body
portion of the human. The first steerable electro-shock projectile
includes a first flight controller 726 configured to steer the
first steerable electro-shock projectile along the first flight
path using a first directional control surface. For example, the
first directional control surface may include an air deflecting
surface or fin. An embodiment of a directional control surface is
illustrated by air deflecting surface 714A and by air deflecting
surface 714B. The first steerable electro-shock projectile includes
a first communication circuit 728 configured to transmit the second
flight path to the second steerable electro-shock projectile. In an
embodiment, the first communication circuit is configured to
transmit the second flight path to the second steerable
electro-shock projectile wirelessly or by a tether.
[0065] The second steerable electro-shock projectile 750 includes a
second communication circuit 764 configured to receive second
flight path 756 from the first steerable electro-shock projectile
710. The second steerable electro-shock projectile includes a
second flight controller 766 configured to steer the second
steerable electro-shock projectile along the second flight path
using a second directional control surface. For example, the second
directional control surface may include an air deflecting surface
or fin. An embodiment of the second directional control surface is
illustrated by air deflecting surface 754A and by air deflecting
surface 754B.
[0066] The system 705 includes a signal generator configured to
apply the selected electric shock across a first conductive tip 712
of the first steerable electro-shock projectile 705 in contact with
the target human 195 at a first contact point and a second
conductive electrode tip 752 of the second steerable electro-shock
projectile 750 in contact with the target human at a second contact
point. In an embodiment, the signal generator is illustrated by a
signal generator 732 carried by the first steerable electro-shock
projectile 710. In an embodiment, the signal generator is
illustrated by a signal generator 768 carried by the second
steerable electro-shock projectile 750. In an embodiment, a first
portion of the signal generator is carried by the first steerable
electro-shock projectile and a second portion is carried by the
second steerable electro-shock projectile.
[0067] In an embodiment, the targeting circuit 722 is further
configured to recognize a body portion of a human target authorized
for administration 197 of a selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles at least partially in response to an
illumination reflected from the target human. For example, the
illumination may be from a pointer beam configured to illuminate
the human target. For example, the pointer beam may be a visible or
infrared light beam. In an embodiment, the guidance circuit 724 is
further configured to determine the first flight path and the
second flight path.
[0068] In an embodiment, the first steerable electro-shock
projectile 710 includes an image acquisition device 734 configured
to capture an image of a portion of the target human. In an
embodiment, the first steerable electro-shock projectile includes a
first projectile body configured to be launched by rapidly
expanding gas. In an embodiment, the second steerable electro-shock
projectile 750 includes a first projectile body configured to be
launched by rapidly expanding gas. In an embodiment, the first
steerable electro-shock projectile includes a first conductive
electrode tip 712 configured to conduct the selected electric shock
to tissue of the target human 195 at a first contact point. In an
embodiment, the second steerable electro-shock projectile includes
a second conductive electrode tip 752 configured to conduct the
selected electric shock to tissue of the target human at a second
contact point.
[0069] In an embodiment, the first steerable electro-shock
projectile 710 further includes a dosage circuit 736 configured to
select an electric shock that inhibits voluntary movement by the
target human 195 but does not exceed a safety standard for the
recognized body portion of the human target.
[0070] In an embodiment, the system 705 includes an electro-shock
projectile launcher having a first deployment tube configured to
launch the first steerable electro-shock projectile 710 and a
second deployment tube configured to launch the second steerable
electro-shock projectile 750. For example, see electro-shock
projectile launcher 405 described in conjunction with FIG. 4. In an
embodiment, the system 705 includes a field interchangeable module
configured to be removably mounted on an electro-shock projectile
launcher and having a first deployment tube configured to launch
the first steerable electro-shock projectile and a second
deployment tube configured to launch the second steerable
electro-shock projectile.
[0071] FIG. 8 illustrates an example operational flow. After a
start operation, the operational flow includes a targeting
operation 810. The targeting operation includes recognizing a body
portion of a target human authorized for administration of a
selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an
embodiment, the validating operation may be implemented using the
targeting circuit 722 described in conjunction with FIG. 7. The
operational flow includes a guidance operation 820 generating in a
first steerable electro-shock projectile (i) a first flight path
directing a first steerable electro-shock projectile to the
recognized body portion of the human and (ii) a second flight path
directing a second steerable electro-shock projectile to the
recognized body portion of the human. In an embodiment, the
guidance operation may be implemented using the guidance circuit
724 described in conjunction with FIG. 7. The operational flow
includes a first piloting operation 830 steering the first
steerable electro-shock projectile along the first flight path
toward the recognized body portion of the target human. In an
embodiment, the first piloting operation may be implemented using
the first flight controller 726 described in conjunction with FIG.
7. The operational flow includes a communication operation 840
transmitting the second flight path from the first steerable
electro-shock projectile to the second steerable electro-shock
projectile. In an embodiment, the communication operation may be
implemented using the first communication circuit 728 described in
conjunction with FIG. 7. The operational flow includes a second
piloting operation 850 steering the second steerable electro-shock
projectile along the second flight path to the recognized body
portion of the target human. In an embodiment, the second piloting
operation may be implemented using the second flight controller 766
described in conjunction with FIG. 7. An immobilization operation
860 includes applying a selected electric shock across a first
conductive electrode tip of the first steerable electrode in
contact with tissue of the recognized body portion of the target
human at a first contact point and a second conductive electrode
tip of the second steerable electrode in contact with tissue of the
recognized body portion of the target human at a second contact
point. The electric shock selected to inhibit voluntary movement by
the target human without exceeding a safety standard for the
recognized body portion of the target human. The immobilization
operation may be implemented using either or both signal generator
732 and signal generator 768 described in conjunction with FIG. 7.
The operational flow includes an end operation.
[0072] In an embodiment of the targeting operation 810, the
recognizing includes recognizing in an image a body portion of a
target human authorized for administration of a selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the
operational flow 800 includes capturing an image of at least a
portion of the target human. In an embodiment, the operational flow
includes launching the first steerable electro-shock projectile
from a first deployment tube and launching the second steerable
electro-shock projectile from a second deployment tube. In an
embodiment, the operational flow includes mounting a field
interchangeable module in the electro-shock projectile launcher,
the field interchangeable module the configured to be removably
received by the electro-shock projectile launcher body and having a
first deployment tube configured to launch a first steerable
electro-shock projectile toward the target human and a second
deployment tube configured to launch a second steerable
electro-shock projectile toward the target human.
[0073] FIG. 9 illustrates an environment 900 that includes the
target human 195 and a system 905. The system includes a first
steerable electro-shock projectile 910. The first steerable
electro-shock projectile includes a first targeting circuit 922
configured to recognize a body portion of a target human authorized
for administration 197 of a selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the first targeting
circuit configured to recognize in a first image a body portion of
a target human authorized for administration of a selected electric
shock by electro-shock projectiles. The first steerable
electro-shock projectile includes a first guidance circuit 924
configured to generate a first set of flight paths (916 and 956) to
the recognized body portion for both the first steerable
electro-shock projectile and a second steerable electro-shock
projectile 950. The first steerable electro-shock projectile
includes a first communication circuit 926 configured to
communicate with a second steerable electro-shock projectile. In an
embodiment, the communication includes the first set flight paths.
In an embodiment, the first communication circuit configured to
communicate with a second communication circuit 966 of the second
steerable electro-shock projectile wirelessly or over a tether
between the first steerable electro-shock projectile and a second
steerable electro-shock projectile. The first steerable
electro-shock projectile includes a first flight controller 928
configured to steer the first steerable electro-shock projectile
along the selected first flight path using a first directional
control surface to the recognized body portion of the target human.
The first steerable electro-shock projectile includes a first
flight path decision circuit 932.
[0074] The system 905 includes the second steerable electro-shock
projectile 950. The second steerable electro-shock projectile
includes a second targeting circuit 962 configured to recognize a
body portion of the target human authorized for administration 197
of the selected electric shock by electro-shock projectiles. In an
embodiment, the second targeting circuit 962 is configured to
recognize in a second image a body portion of the target human
authorized for administration of the selected electric shock by
electro-shock projectiles. In an embodiment, the second targeting
circuit may or may not recognize the same body portion as the first
targeting circuit 922. The second steerable electro-shock
projectile includes a second guidance circuit 964 configured to
generate a second set of flight paths (916 and 956) to the
recognized body portion for both first steerable electro-shock
projectile 510 and the second steerable electro-shock projectile.
The second steerable electro-shock projectile includes a second
communication circuit 966 configured to communicate with the first
steerable electro-shock projectile. In an embodiment, the
communication includes the first set flight paths. In an
embodiment, the second communication circuit configured to
communicate with first communication circuit wirelessly or over a
tether between the first steerable electro-shock projectile and a
second steerable electro-shock projectile. The second steerable
electro-shock projectile includes a second flight controller 968
configured to steer the second steerable electro-shock projectile
along the selected second flight path using a second directional
control surface 954A or 954B to the recognized body portion of the
target human. The second steerable electro-shock projectile
includes a second flight path decision circuit 972.
[0075] The system 905 includes a signal generator configured to
apply the selected electric shock between a first conductive
electrode tip 912 of the first steerable electrode 910 in contact
with tissue of the recognized body portion 197 of the target human
195 at a first contact point and a second conductive electrode tip
952 of the second steerable electrode in contact with tissue of the
recognized body portion of the target human at a second contact
point, the electric shock selected to inhibit voluntary movement by
the target human. In an embodiment, the first steerable
electro-shock projectile 910 includes the signal generator and is
illustrated as a signal generator 934. In an embodiment, the second
steerable electro-shock projectile includes the signal generator
and is illustrated as a signal generator 974.
[0076] In the system 905, the first flight path decision circuit
932 and the second flight path decision circuit 972 are configured
in combination to select the first flight path 916 to the
recognized body portion and to select the second flight path 956 to
the recognized body portion. The selections are responsive to the
first set of determined flight paths and the second set of
determined flight paths. In an embodiment, the first flight path
decision circuit 932 and the second flight path decision circuit
972 are configured in combination to select in real time the first
flight path to the recognized body portion and to select the second
flight path to the recognized body portion. In an embodiment, the
first flight path decision circuit 932 and the second flight path
decision circuit 972 are configured in combination to select while
in-flight the first flight path to the recognized body portion and
to select the second flight path to the recognized body portion. In
an embodiment, the first flight path decision circuit and the
second flight path decision circuit are configured in combination
to select based on an arbitration algorithm the first selected
flight path to the recognized body portion and the second selected
flight path to the another recognized body portion, the selections
responsive to the first set of determined flight paths and the
second set of determined flight paths. In an embodiment, the
arbitration algorithm is responsive to a quality of the first set
of determined flight paths and a quality of the second set of
determined flight paths. For example, the quality may include a
quality of the first image and a quality of the second image. For
example, the quality may include a noise level in the first set of
determined flight paths and a noise level in the second set of
determined flight paths. In an embodiment, the arbitration
algorithm is responsive to a probability of each of the determined
flight paths in the first and second sets of determined flight
paths making contact with the recognized body portion. In an
embodiment, the arbitration algorithm is responsive to a relative
confidence level in each of the first and second sets of determined
flight paths making contact with the recognized body portion.
[0077] In an embodiment, the first steerable electro-shock
projectile 910 includes a first projectile body configured to be
launched by rapidly expanding gas. In an embodiment, the second
steerable electro-shock projectile 950 includes a second projectile
body configured to be launched by rapidly expanding gas. In an
embodiment, the first steerable electro-shock projectile includes a
first conductive electrode tip 912 configured to apply the selected
electric shock to tissue of the target human 195 at a first contact
point. In an embodiment, the second steerable electro-shock
projectile includes a second conductive electrode tip 952
configured to apply the selected electric shock to tissue of the
target human at a second contact point.
[0078] In an embodiment, the first steerable electro-shock
projectile 910 includes a first image acquisition device configured
to capture a first image of at least a portion of the target human
195. In an embodiment, the second steerable electro-shock
projectile 950 includes a second image acquisition device
configured to capture a second image of at least a portion of the
target human. In an embodiment, the first steerable electro-shock
projectile and the second steerable electroshock are electrically
coupled by a tether.
[0079] In an embodiment, the system 905 includes an electro-shock
projectile launcher having a first deployment tube configured to
launch the first steerable electro-shock projectile and a second
deployment tube configured to launch the second steerable
electro-shock projectile. The electro-shock projectile launcher 405
described in conjunction with FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of
the electro-shock projectile launcher of the system 905. In an
embodiment, the system 905 includes a handheld structure that
includes the electro-shock projectile launcher. In an embodiment,
the handheld structure includes an aimable handheld structure. The
handheld structure 480 described in conjunction with FIG. 4
illustrates an embodiment of the handheld structure of the system
905.
[0080] In an embodiment, the system 905 includes a field
interchangeable module configured to be removably mounted on an
electro-shock projectile launcher body and having a first
deployment tube configured to launch the first steerable
electro-shock projectile and a second deployment tube configured to
launch the second steerable electro-shock projectile. The field
interchangeable structure 412 described in conjunction with FIG. 4
illustrates an embodiment of the field interchangeable structure of
the system 905.
[0081] All references cited herein are hereby incorporated by
reference in their entirety or to the extent their subject matter
is not otherwise inconsistent herewith.
[0082] In some embodiments, "configured" or "configured to"
includes at least one of designed, set up, shaped, implemented,
constructed, or adapted for at least one of a particular purpose,
application, or function. In some embodiments, "configured" or
"configured to" includes positioned, oriented, or structured for at
least one of a particular purpose, application, or function.
[0083] It will be understood that, in general, terms used herein,
and especially in the appended claims, are generally intended as
"open" terms. For example, the term "including" should be
interpreted as "including but not limited to." For example, the
term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least." For
example, the term "has" should be interpreted as "having at least."
For example, the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes
but is not limited to," etc. It will be further understood that if
a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended,
such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the
absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example,
as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may
contain usage of introductory phrases such as "at least one" or
"one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of
such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction
of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits
any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to
inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same
claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least
one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a
receiver" should typically be interpreted to mean "at least one
receiver"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles
used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a
specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly
recited, it will be recognized that such recitation should
typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g.,
the bare recitation of "at least two chambers," or "a plurality of
chambers," without other modifiers, typically means at least two
chambers).
[0084] In those instances where a phrase such as "at least one of
A, B, and C," "at least one of A, B, or C," or "an [item] selected
from the group consisting of A, B, and C," is used, in general such
a construction is intended to be disjunctive (e.g., any of these
phrases would include but not be limited to systems that have A
alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and
C together, or A, B, and C together, and may further include more
than one of A, B, or C, such as A.sub.1, A.sub.2, and C together,
A, B.sub.1, B.sub.2, C.sub.1, and C.sub.2 together, or B.sub.1 and
B.sub.2 together). It will be further understood that virtually any
disjunctive word or phrase presenting two or more alternative
terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be
understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the
terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase
"A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or
"B" or "A and B."
[0085] The herein described aspects depict different components
contained within, or connected with, different other components. It
is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely
examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be
implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual
sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same
functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired
functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein
combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as
"associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is
achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components.
Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as
being "operably connected," or "operably coupled," to each other to
achieve the desired functionality. Any two components capable of
being so associated can also be viewed as being "operably
couplable" to each other to achieve the desired functionality.
Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited
to physically mateable or physically interacting components or
wirelessly interactable or wirelessly interacting components.
[0086] With respect to the appended claims the recited operations
therein may generally be performed in any order. Also, although
various operational flows are presented in a sequence(s), it should
be understood that the various operations may be performed in other
orders than those which are illustrated, or may be performed
concurrently. Examples of such alternate orderings may include
overlapping, interleaved, interrupted, reordered, incremental,
preparatory, supplemental, simultaneous, reverse, or other variant
orderings, unless context dictates otherwise. Use of "Start,"
"End," "Stop," or the like blocks in the block diagrams is not
intended to indicate a limitation on the beginning or end of any
operations or functions in the diagram. Such flowcharts or diagrams
may be incorporated into other flowcharts or diagrams where
additional functions are performed before or after the functions
shown in the diagrams of this application. Furthermore, terms like
"responsive to," "related to," or other past-tense adjectives are
generally not intended to exclude such variants, unless context
dictates otherwise.
[0087] While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed
herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those
skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed
herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be
limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the
following claims.
* * * * *