U.S. patent application number 15/597027 was filed with the patent office on 2018-03-01 for multi-degree of freedom resistance exercise device.
The applicant listed for this patent is Peter Lind. Invention is credited to Peter Lind.
Application Number | 20180056122 15/597027 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60326598 |
Filed Date | 2018-03-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180056122 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lind; Peter |
March 1, 2018 |
MULTI-DEGREE OF FREEDOM RESISTANCE EXERCISE DEVICE
Abstract
A rehabilitative and/or exercise machine that has a frame with
attachments to multiple independent bidirectional resistance
devices (pneumatic, hydraulic, spring actuated, pulley system, cam,
or any other resistance devices) used by the arms and/or legs to
provide resistance against movement of the user's appendages in two
substantially opposed directions. The resistance devices may have a
mechanism such as one or more valves, brakes, springs, or the like
that control bi-directional resistance. The action of the arms
and/or legs in bi-directional resistance offers near full body
exercise of the agonist/antagonist muscles using flexion and
extension action of the larger muscle groups in a gait pattern,
simultaneously. Hand engaging members attach to the arm resistance
devices and foot engaging members attach to the leg resistance
devices. The unit may include an attached inclined backboard, mat,
bench, or cushion to fully or partially support the user, such as
for the user to sit or lay on. The unit may have separate
adjustment mechanisms for adjusting the height and/or length of the
various portions of the unit to adjust the range of motion of the
appendages. The unit may have devices to monitor pulse, oxygen flow
and other vital signs.
Inventors: |
Lind; Peter; (Salem,
OR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Lind; Peter |
Salem |
OR |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
60326598 |
Appl. No.: |
15/597027 |
Filed: |
May 16, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62336861 |
May 16, 2016 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 23/0405 20130101;
A63B 21/0087 20130101; A63B 21/02 20130101; A63B 21/4047 20151001;
A63B 2225/09 20130101; A63B 2230/06 20130101; A63B 2225/093
20130101; A63B 23/03541 20130101; A63B 23/03575 20130101; A63B
21/4035 20151001; A63B 21/012 20130101; A63B 21/4043 20151001; A63B
2230/207 20130101; A63B 21/4037 20151001; A63B 2210/50 20130101;
A63B 21/0083 20130101; A63B 21/154 20130101; A63B 21/023 20130101;
A63B 22/0012 20130101; A63B 2230/30 20130101; A63B 2230/50
20130101; A63B 23/1209 20130101; A63B 21/4034 20151001; A63B 21/005
20130101; A63B 21/4029 20151001; A63B 21/4015 20151001; A63B
21/4049 20151001; A63B 21/00069 20130101; A63B 2225/10
20130101 |
International
Class: |
A63B 23/035 20060101
A63B023/035; A63B 21/00 20060101 A63B021/00; A63B 21/008 20060101
A63B021/008; A63B 21/02 20060101 A63B021/02; A63B 22/00 20060101
A63B022/00; A63B 21/012 20060101 A63B021/012 |
Claims
1. An exercise apparatus comprising: a base having a first base
side and a second base side, and a platform having a first platform
side and a second platform side, the base and platform being
connected by one or more supports; a first pair of resistance
elements, each having a first end and a second end, the pair of
resistance elements pivotally attached to the first and second base
sides at the first end and further comprising a foot plate
connected to each resistance element at the second end, each
resistance element providing resistance against linear movement;
and a second pair of resistance elements, each having a first end
and a second end, the resistance elements pivotally attached to the
first and second platform sides at the first end and further
comprising a hand engaging member attached to the resistance
element at the second end, each resistance element providing
resistance against linear movement.
2. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second
pair of resistance elements are pneumatic cylinders.
3. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second
pair of resistance elements are hydraulic cylinders.
4. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second
pair of resistance elements are spring actuated.
5. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second
pair of resistance elements comprise a pulley system.
6. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second
pair of resistance elements further comprise a valve to control
bi-directional resistance.
7. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein the base is
trapezoidal.
8. The exercise apparatus of claim 1 wherein the base is a
cube.
9. An exercise apparatus for permitting simultaneous exercise of
left and right arms, and left and right legs, of a user, the
apparatus comprising: a frame; first and second arm resistance
elements, each arm resistance element defining a hand engaging
member connected to a proximal end thereof, distal ends of the
first and second arm resistance elements being connected to a first
support structure defined by the frame; first and second leg
resistance elements, each leg resistance element defining a foot
engaging member connected to a proximal end thereof, distal ends of
the first and second leg resistance elements being connected to a
second support structure defined by the frame; and a bench for
supporting the user, the bench being connected to the frame by at
least one further support structure.
10. The exercise apparatus of claim 9, wherein the support
structure for the bench defines aligned holes with removable
locking pin for adjusting the configuration of the bench.
11. The exercise apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first support
structure is elevated higher relative to the base than the second
support structure.
12. The exercise apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first support
structure is farther from the bench relative to the second support
structure.
13. The exercise apparatus of claim 9, wherein the frame defines a
removable locking pin allowing for folding of the frame.
14. The exercise apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first support
structure defines aligned holes for adjusting the distance of the
first and second arm resistance elements relative to the bench.
15. The exercise apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second support
structure defines aligned holes for adjusting the distance of the
first and second leg resistance elements relative to the bench.
16. The exercise apparatus of claim 9, wherein the support
structure for connecting the first and second leg resistance
elements is the same support structure for supporting the
bench.
17. An exercise apparatus for permitting simultaneous exercise of
left and right arms, of a user, the apparatus comprising: a frame;
first and second arm resistance elements, each arm resistance
element defining a hand engaging member connected to a proximal end
thereof, distal ends of the first and second arm resistance
elements being connected to a support structure defined by the
frame; and a bench for supporting the user, the bench being
connected to the frame by at least one further support
structure.
18. The exercise apparatus of claim 17, wherein the support
structure for the bench defines aligned holes and removable locking
pin for adjusting the configuration of the bench.
19. The exercise apparatus of claim 17, wherein the frame defines a
removable locking pin allowing for folding of the frame.
20. The exercise apparatus of claim 17, wherein the frame includes
at least one wheel for pivotally-lifting and moving of the exercise
apparatus.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Application No. 62/336,861, filed on May 16, 2016. The disclosure
of the provisional applications are expressly incorporated herein
by reference as though fully set forth herein.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
[0002] This invention relates to exercise devices, and, more
particularly, relates to devices having multiple resistance
elements permitting the user to exercise his or her arms and/or
legs synchronously in full or nearly full range of motion without
the influence of gravity.
Description of the Prior Art
[0003] There are two major reasons people don't exercise. The most
common objection is the time it takes for a workout, typically at
least 45-60 minutes, performed three or more times per week. The
second most common objection to exercise is the lack of results
from engaging in an exercise program.
[0004] Safety concerns about exercise in general also limit or
altogether preclude many from exercise, including those who: have
heart conditions; have balance problems; have dizziness and
occasionally lose consciousness; have bone or joint pain made worse
by weight-bearing activity; or have neuropathy made worse by
weight-bearing activity.
[0005] However, the importance of exercise is universally
recognized. Moreover, the wider/fuller the range of motion through
which a user's appendages are put during exercise, the more benefit
is realized. Some of the benefits of full range of motion during
exercise include muscles becoming far stronger, not just in the
bottom of the range of motion but throughout the entire range of
motion, muscle size increases throughout the entire muscle, fat
stores decrease, joints are strengthened throughout the entire
range of motion, not in just one particular range of motion, less
work (weight and intensity) is needed to strengthen a muscle during
a full range of motion, and greater efficient load can be imposed
on the muscle(s) (using less weight) during full range of
motion.
[0006] The best exercise for the body is it to engage the most
muscle groups in the highest active intensity for the shortest
time, until complete fatigue. The more muscles that are engaged,
the more the heart pumps blood, the more the lungs exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide, the greater the volume of oxygen (VO.sub.2).
The more muscles that are engaged, the less time it takes to reach
maximum anaerobic threshold (the point of anaerobic metabolism) and
the sooner the striated muscles and cardio-respiratory system
reaches fatigue. The most successful cardio-respiratory exercise is
one that activates the most muscle groups to reach maximum fatigue
as rapidly as possible.
[0007] To improve muscle function, tone, strength, and endurance
the muscles must be overloaded to the point of fatigue. An
overloaded muscle requires more mitochondrial activity, more oxygen
consumption, and increased efficient metabolism through anaerobic
glycolysis. The longer time spent in muscle overload (past the
level of maximum anaerobic threshold), the more oxygen/carbon
dioxide is exchanged and the more glucose is used. Therefore, the
goal of effective exercise is to bring total cardio-respiratory
overload as fast as possible. This can best be done by engaging
large muscle mass with bi-directional resistance, through
near-complete ranges of motion, while involving both sides of the
body synchronously.
[0008] In some approaches, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.
4,750,735, 6,500,099, and 4,949,954, the user is limited in the
range of motion provided by the exercise machine. In particular,
the exercise machines described in the prior art generally limit
the user to extension of one set of limbs during exercise. Other
approaches, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,104,363 and
4,684,126, require the user to remain in a seated position and
still limits the range of motion provided during exercise. There is
an unmet need in the art for an exercise machine that allows a user
to have a full range of motion in both the arms and the legs at the
same time so as to allow for high intensity interval training or
equivalent exercise, for which the current art does not
provide.
[0009] Maximum aerobic capacity is the maximum rate of oxygen
consumed and is measured as VO.sub.2 Max. VO.sub.2 Max reflects the
aerobic physical condition of the individual.
[0010] VO.sub.2 Max is affected by: the ability of the lungs to
transfer maximum oxygen through inspiration and maximum carbon
dioxide through expiration, the efficiency of oxygen and carbon
dioxide exchange in peripheral tissues, the ability of the heart to
pump maximum blood volume through the lungs and peripherally
through the body, the condition of the circulatory system, the
condition of the muscles and peripheral tissues, and the autonomic
nervous system control.
[0011] Maximum anaerobic capacity is the maximal amount of energy
released by anaerobic metabolism. Enhanced anaerobic metabolism
causes: improved efficiency of the lactic acid cycle, mobilization
and burning of fats, increased metabolic efficiency such that both
metabolic rate and caloric burning is more efficient 24 hours per
day (not merely while exercising--this is the "after-burn" affect),
more efficient use of sugar and glycogen (stored sugar) for energy,
maximization of muscular development, maximization of
cardiovascular-pulmonary stamina, enhanced regeneration of
adenosine triphospate (ATP) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in
muscle tissue, and mitochondrial growth throughout muscle
cells.
[0012] The more muscles that are activated into fatigue the more
calories are burned. The more the muscles that are activated the
more oxygen is required by them. The more the muscles that are
activated the more sugar the body burns as fuel. The more the
muscles that are activated the more likely the body moves into
anaerobic metabolism, increasing the efficiency of mitochondrial
function at the cellular level.
[0013] The greater the muscle mass that is activated, the greater
will be the caloric burn quantity and rate. The highest muscle
activation comes from stretching under resistance. The further the
muscle moves through its range of motion, the greater the muscle is
activated. The greater the resistance and stretch on the muscle,
the greater the muscle strength gained (both in the striated and
cardiac muscles) during the anabolic repair phase. The prior art
previously only allowed for range of motion in one set of limbs,
thereby only allowing for muscle activation in fewer than desired
muscle groups.
[0014] Exercise is a physical/mechanical stress that causes a
catabolic phase (tissue breakdown), followed by a longer anabolic
phase (tissue repair), lasting hours or days. Efficient exercise
tears down striated muscle and cardiac muscle, forcing the body to
rebuild and repair. When exercise is efficient, the body rebuilds
tissue such that the functional capacity of the muscle is more
efficient than it was before the exercise was performed and the
oxygen delivery system is improved (VO.sub.2 max).
[0015] With proper exercise, body strength is increased and
physical stamina improves until a physiological limit is reached at
about 32 years of age. After the physiological limit has been
reached, no greater gains can be made in physiology. However, with
a proper exercise routine, strength and stamina can be maintained
for decades as body metabolism and other factors of health are
maintained. The greater the catabolic breakdown of the muscle
through proper exercise and the greater the opportunity to complete
the anabolic repair cycle, the more efficient the muscles become.
Exercising multiple muscle groups at the same time allows for
greater catabolic breakdown of the muscles thereby allowed for a
greater opportunity to complete the anabolic repair cycle, leading
for more efficient muscles.
[0016] The complete cycle of exercise begins with a strenuous
exercise. Ideally, the catabolic phase begins during the exercise
activity and then continues, and then the anabolic phase begins and
continues until full recovery and rebuilding from the workout is
completed, up to 48 hours later. In an efficient exercise routine,
the anabolic phase is not interrupted by an early catabolic phase,
but it often is when a person exercises too frequently--a condition
known as overtraining. In a high intensity, short duration
catabolic exercise phase, the anabolic recovery phase may take up
to 48 hours for completion.
[0017] High intensity interval training (HIIT) sessions are highly
intense, short duration workouts in which a person quickly reaches
maximum aerobic capacity (VO.sub.2 max) and then approaches their
anaerobic threshold, to the point of muscle fatigue and in attempt
to satisfy the growing oxygen debt.
[0018] HIIT is a short duration exercise (sprint-like bursts of
activity). HIIT is the most effective way to condition the physical
body, while low intensity, long duration exercise (jogging,
treadmill, elliptical, cycling) usually makes a person weak, tired,
hungry, irritable and older faster. Consider the health and
physique of a sprinter versus that of a long-distance runner.
[0019] The most effective high intensity interval training will
cause the body to reach its anaerobic threshold quickly. The
exercise goal of HIIT is to continue in anaerobic metabolism as
long as possible, until complete fatigue. In summary, high
intensity interval training (engaging in short bursts of rapid
activity (30-90 second bursts)), using the most muscle mass, to the
point of complete fatigue, is the most effective form of exercise.
The prior art fails to disclose exercise machines that allow for
the most effective high intensive interval training because they
generally only use a smaller number of muscle groups at a time.
[0020] HIIT produces the greatest hormonal and other metabolic
effects that can be derived from any exercise, burns body fat,
burns sugar, builds lean body mass, and continues metabolic
processes up to 24-48 hours later.
[0021] HIIT has at least two novel features: Firstly, unlike
walking or moderate intensity aerobic training, efficient HI IT
involves the activation of large muscle mass. Secondly, this large
muscle mass activation is associated with a very high glycogen
breakdown-turnover which means improved muscle glucose uptake.
[0022] The principal benefits of HIIT are that: the
cardio-respiratory system will be strengthened; the risk of heart
attacks and strokes will reduce; circulation will improve;
functional muscular strength will improve; weight loss will occur
more readily, food cravings will be reduced; hormonal balance will
improve; muscles will be toned; fat reserves will be metabolized;
energy will improve; aerobic and anaerobic fitness will improve,
fasting insulin levels will decrease; insulin sensitivity will
increase; abdominal and subcutaneous fat will reduce; and total
exercise time will decrease.
[0023] As little as six sessions of HIIT over two weeks, or a total
of only approximately 15 minutes of very intense exercise (a
cumulative energy expenditure of roughly 600 kJ or 143 kcal), has
been shown to increase oxidative capacity in skeletal and cardiac
muscle and significantly improve performance in activities that
rely on aerobic energy metabolism.
[0024] Most people who exercise over-train. Because of their
exercise routine, people are either in an ongoing catabolic phase
or an incomplete anabolic phase. That is, they are stuck in a
catabolic phase and cannot begin the anabolic phase needed to
recover and repair, or they are stuck in an anabolic phase in which
their body is working desperately in an attempt to complete
recovery from the previous catabolic workouts. But they do not
complete the anabolic recovery phase before their next workout. In
either case, most people over-train and continue exercising while
they are not fully recovered.
[0025] Overtraining and excessive exercise are metabolic stressors
that advance the catabolic damages of aging. More than just a few
minutes in a catabolic phase without a complete anabolic repair
phase is over-training. A person cannot over-exercise themselves
into better health. It takes very little exercise volume to
maximize cardio-respiratory fitness, fat loss, strength gain, and
metabolic efficiency.
[0026] The "plateau" is the phase of exercise when the body
approaches the zone of causing greater catabolic stress than
anabolic repair. When a person reaches a plateau, exercise should
not continue until the anabolic cycle is completed. Objective
measurements must be used to determine when the plateau has been
reached (heart rate recovery). Continuing to exercise beyond the
plateau will only make a person tired, hungry, and irritable, have
more pain, waste more time, expose them to injury, and age
faster.
[0027] In an effective exercise program, a person will just reach
plateau but never overdo the exercise routine.
[0028] Therefore, the most effective exercise routine is to engage
as many muscles, safely, through their complete range of motion, in
a synchronized pattern, with adequate resistance, as vigorous as
possible, to complete fatigue.
[0029] However, there has heretofore not been proposed an exercise
machine that can provide such an effective workout. Therefore, it
is a principle object of this invention to provide an exercise
device adapted to simultaneously, or synchronously, exercise the
arms and legs in near complete range of motion with resistance in
the flexion/extension planes.
[0030] The main objective is to exercise the arms and legs in near
complete range of motion with resistance in the flexion/extension
planes. A second objective is to activate the muscles so that
muscular fatigue can be reached quickly. A third objective is to
allow for a non-weight bearing way to exercise large groups of
muscles. A forth objective is to provide a synchronized movement of
the arms and legs in a gait-like pattern. A fifth objective is to
rehabilitate the arms and leg muscles and joints through near
complete range of motion with adjustable resistance. A sixth
objective is to offer one of the safest ways to exercise, almost
eliminating any risk of injury.
[0031] It is also an object this invention to activate the muscles
so that muscular fatigue can be reached quickly.
[0032] Another object of this invention is to allow for a way to
exercise large groups of muscles without the user bearing any
weight.
[0033] A further object of this is to provide a synchronized
movement of the arms and legs in a gait-like pattern, synchronizing
the nervous system.
[0034] A still further object of this invention is to rehabilitate
the arms and leg muscles and joints through near complete range of
motion with adjustable resistance.
[0035] It is yet a further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which allows for a free, not rigid, range of motion
of the limbs.
[0036] It is yet a further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which allows for a full body, non-weight bearing
exercise.
[0037] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which offers purely operator-induced exercise
because the exerciser is supine and using only muscular action, not
gravity, to facilitate exercise.
[0038] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which offers the greatest effect to the
cardio-respiratory systems by utilizing the largest muscle groups
in all four limbs in near-complete range of motion through
resistance.
[0039] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which provides high intensity interval training
exercise.
[0040] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device through which a user reaches cardio-respiratory
fatigue.
[0041] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which activates more than one muscle group at one
time.
[0042] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which increases cardio-respiratory output.
[0043] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which increases aerobic metabolism.
[0044] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which increases anaerobic metabolism.
[0045] It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
exercise device which offers the shortest time to achieve a full
body exercise.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0046] The foregoing objectives, among others, are achieved through
an exercise apparatus which allows for near-complete joint range of
motion in active and resistant movements. An embodiment of the
present invention is directed to an exercise machine comprising a
base, a first pair of bi-directional resistance elements, each
comprising a first end and a second end, the first end of each
resistance element of the first pair of resistance elements
pivotally attached to a support in such a manner as to imbue each
element with a substantially free range of motion, the second end
of each resistance element of the first pair of resistance elements
comprising a foot-engagement member, and a second pair of
bi-directional resistance elements, each comprising a first end and
a second end, the first end of each resistance element of the
second pair of resistance elements pivotally attached to the
support in such a manner as to imbue each such element with a
substantially free range of motion, each resistance element of the
second pair of resistance elements comprising a hand-engagement
member.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0047] FIG. 1 is a right, front perspective view of a first
embodiment of the invention showing a user in a first position of
use employing the invention.
[0048] FIG. 2 is a right, front perspective view of the invention
showing a user in a second position of use employing the
invention.
[0049] FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the embodiment of FIGS.
1 and 2.
[0050] FIG. 4 is a left rear perspective view thereof.
[0051] FIG. 5 is a left front perspective view thereof.
[0052] FIG. 6 is a right rear perspective view thereof.
[0053] FIG. 7 is a top view thereof.
[0054] FIG. 8 is a left rear perspective view of a second
embodiment of the invention.
[0055] FIG. 9 is a right front perspective view of a second
embodiment of the invention.
[0056] FIG. 10 is a right, rear perspective view of a third
embodiment of the invention.
[0057] FIG. 11 is a top view of a third embodiment of the
invention.
[0058] FIG. 12 is a left side view of a fourth embodiment of the
invention in an extended position.
[0059] FIG. 13 is a left side view of a fourth embodiment of the
invention in a folded position.
[0060] FIG. 14 is a right rear perspective view of a fourth
embodiment of the invention in an extended position.
[0061] FIG. 15 is a left side view of a fifth embodiment of the
invention.
[0062] FIG. 16 is a right rear perspective view of a fifth
embodiment of the invention.
[0063] FIG. 17 is a left side view of a sixth embodiment of the
invention in an extended position.
[0064] FIG. 18 is a left side view of a sixth embodiment of the
invention in a folded position.
[0065] FIG. 19 is a right rear perspective view of a sixth
embodiment of the invention in an extended position.
[0066] FIG. 20 is a left side view of a seventh embodiment of the
invention in an extended position.
[0067] FIG. 21 is a left side view of the a seventh embodiment of
the invention in a folded position.
[0068] FIG. 22 is a right rear perspective view of a seventh
embodiment of the invention in an extended position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT(S)
[0069] The following description is of a preferred and other
embodiments presently contemplated for carrying out the invention.
This description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is
made merely for the purpose of describing one or more embodiments
of the invention. The scope of the invention should be determined
with reference to the claims.
[0070] By "substantially free range of motion" is meant freedom to
rotatingly move about a connection in any direction of movement
brought about by the appendage with which the resistance element is
associated while the exercise device is in use.
[0071] An embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in
FIGS. 1-7 shown from various perspectives. In this embodiment, the
exercise apparatus 10 is comprised of a frame/base 12 having a
first base side 14 and second base side 16, and an upper platform
18 having a first platform side 20 and second platform side 22. The
frame/base 12 has one or more supports 24 connecting the lower
sides 14, 16 to the platform 18.
[0072] Hingedly attached to frame/base 12 are a first pair of
resistance elements 26, which may be any type of apparatus that
presents resistance to the user in both flexion and extension, such
as hydraulic or pneumatic rams, spring-like members, frictional
resistance mechanisms, pulleys, cams, and/or the like. In the case
of a hydraulic or pneumatic ram, the resistance elements may be
comprised of an inner rod 28 and outer cylinder 30.
[0073] The first pair of resistance elements (each denoted by the
reference numeral "26") each have a first end 32 and second end 34.
The first ends 32 of the first pair of resistance elements 26 are
attached to the upper platform level side 20 and second platform
side 22 through the use of pivot joints 36 such as ball and socket
joints or other structure permitting substantially free range of
motion. Joints 36 should be constructed and arranged in such a
manner as to imbue each such element with a substantially free
range of motion in any direction of movement brought about by the
user's appendage with which the resistance element is associated
while the exercise device is in use. Joints 36 may, in one or more
embodiments, be adjustably connected to upper section 16 so as to
permit adjustment of the position of resistance element 26 relative
to the user, to accommodate different sized users and/or different
exercise modalities. By providing such an adjustment of the
connection position of joints 36 to base 12 relative to the user,
the distance of the connection points of joints 36 from the user
can be adjusted. Additional mounting points may be provided on the
frame/base 12. A user may also adjust the resistance provided by
the first pair resistance elements 26 through the use of a valve or
methods currently known or to be discovered.
[0074] Second ends 34 of the first pair of resistance elements 26
have associated therewith foot engaging members 38 adapted to
engage the user's feet during use of the device. Structure for
removably securing the user's feet to the foot engaging members 38,
such as straps 40, may be provided as well.
[0075] Hingedly attached to frame/base 12 are a second pair of
resistance elements 42, which may be any type of apparatus that
presents resistance to the user in both flexion and extension, such
as hydraulic or pneumatic rams, spring-like members, frictional
resistance mechanisms, pulleys, cams, and/or the like. In the case
of a hydraulic or pneumatic ram, the resistance elements may be
comprised of an inner rod 44 and outer cylinder 46, or vice
versa.
[0076] The second pair of resistance elements (each denoted by the
reference numeral "42") each have a first end 48 and second end 50.
The first ends 48 of the second pair of resistance elements 42 are
attached to the lower section 14 through the use of a pivot joints
52 such as ball and socket members or other structure permitting
substantially free range of motion. Joints 52 should be constructed
and arranged in such a manner as to imbue each such element with a
substantially free range of motion in any direction of movement
brought about by the user's appendage with which the resistance
element is associated while the exercise device is in use. Joints
52 may, in one or more embodiments, be adjustably connected to
lower section 14 so as to permit adjustment of the position of
resistance element 42 relative to the user, to accommodate
different sized users and/or different exercise modalities. Joints
52 should be constructed and arranged in such a manner as to imbue
each such element with a substantially free range of motion in any
direction of movement brought about by the user's appendage with
which the resistance element is associated while the exercise
device is in use.
[0077] Second ends of the second pair of resistance elements 42
have associated therewith hand engaging members 54 adapted to be
engaged by a user's feet during use of the device. Structure for
removably securing the user's hands to the foot engaging members
(not shown), such as straps, may be provided as well. As shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2, the hand engaging member 54 can be a handle 56 or a
grip 58, or any other known or unknown hand engaging configuration
or structure.
[0078] In the preferred embodiment, each resistance element 26, 42
is independent and bidirectional and can provide resistance in a
number of ways, including, but not limited to, pneumatics,
hydraulics, springs, and any other apparatus, now known or
currently unknown, that resists the pushing or pulling forces
exerted by the user. The action of the arms and legs in
bi-directional resistance offers near full body exercise of the
agonist/antagonist muscles using flexion and extension action of
the larger muscle groups in a gait pattern, simultaneously.
[0079] The unit may include an attached inclined or horizontal
support, mat, cushion or the like for the exerciser to lay on. The
unit may have an adjustment mechanism for height of the leg
settings and for the length of the arm settings in accord to reach
maximal limb range of motion. The unit may include one or more
devices to monitor heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen flow (VO2
max), body temperature and the like.
[0080] For one version of a rehabilitation use of the invention, a
person lays on their back, straps their feet in foot engaging
members 38 using the straps 40, holds onto the hand engaging
members 52, and moves their arms and legs against resistance in
near-complete range of motion. In one version of an exercise use of
the invention, a person lays on their back, straps their feet in
foot engaging members 38 using the straps 40, holds onto the hand
engaging members 52, and pumps their arms and legs against
bi-directional resistance in near-complete range of motion until
cardio-respiratory fatigue is reached.
[0081] The unit allows for near-complete joint range of motion in
active and resistant movements. That is, for example, the following
magnitude of movements can be achieved in the following joints:
elbow flexion: 0-150 degree movement, shoulder flexion: 0-180
degree movement, knee flexion: 0-100 degree movement, hip flexion:
0-120 degree movement. These ranges represent what is essentially
free range of movement for all four limbs, thereby providing a full
body workout engaging multiple muscle groups.
[0082] An alternative embodiment is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in
which a base of any configuration/shape is contemplated. By way of
example but not by way of limitation, a rectangular-shaped base 112
is shown. Base 112 may be water-fillable or otherwise constructed
and arranged to be heavy enough to remain in place while being used
by someone exercising, and/or to accommodate some form of removable
weight (not shown) such as sand or discrete, removable weight
elements. Base 112 provides support for the pair of resistance
elements 26 and a solid structure for the exercise apparatus as a
whole. The frame/base 112 still has a first, lower, section 14 and
second, upper, section 16. The frame/base 112 also has a top face
60 where the first pair of resistance elements 26 are attached
using pivot joint 36. The second pair of resistance elements 42 are
also attached to a lower portion of front face 62 of the frame/base
112 using pivot joints 52.
[0083] The unit may include one or more devices to monitor such
things as heart rate, oxygen flow (VO2 max), blood pressure, and
temperature or any newly developed health monitoring devices.
[0084] In another embodiment, base 12 or 112, or a base comprised
simply of a flat plate or the like (not shown) (e.g., steel), which
is heavy enough to remain in place while the device is in use, to
which is connected resistance elements 26, 42, may be constructed
and arranged to be placed on or mounted to a surface such as a wall
or floor.
[0085] In embodiments, a back support structure may be employed to
support the user either on the ground/floor or above the
ground/floor. Such a support may be connected to bases 12/112 or be
independent thereof.
[0086] In another embodiment, the arm or leg resistance elements,
or all of them, may be movably connected to the base to permit
extended appendage movement by larger (i.e., taller) users. In one
embodiment shown in FIGS. 10-11, arm resistance elements 42,
through joints 52, are slideably connected to base 12/112 via
tracks 120. Joints 52 are slideably disposed in tracks 120 such
that joint 52 will slide back and forth in response to user
movement of elements 42, giving the user and resistance elements
greater range of movement. Alternatively, joints 52 may be
releasably locked into place relative to tracks 120 via a suitable
locking structure. Any structure for allowing releasable locking of
joints 52 may be used, such as aligned holes 125 through which may
be passed a removable locking pin 127. Joints 52 may fit tightly
within track 120 to provide resistance to movement by a user but
still allow the joint 52 to translate in track 120 to provide
additional range of motion.
[0087] In another embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 12-14, the
exercise apparatus 100 is comprised of a frame/base 212, a first
pair of resistance elements 126, a second pair of resistance
elements 142, and a bench 170. By way of example but not by way of
limitation the frame/base 212 is comprised of multiple elongated
members. In various other embodiments, the frame/base 212 is
comprised of one or more members arranged in a variety of
shapes/configurations. In the current embodiment, the frame/base
212 has one or more supports 123, 124 hingedly connecting the first
pair of resistance elements 126, and the second pair of resistance
elements 142, to the frame/base 212.
[0088] In various embodiments the support 124 extends higher than
the support 123, relative to the frame/base 212, such that when the
first pair of resistance elements 126 is hingedly connected to the
support 124, and the second pair of resistance elements 142 is
hingedly connected to the support 123, the resistance elements 126,
142 do not come in contact with one another during use. In the
alternative, the resistance elements 126, 142 may be capable of
being switched, in which the first pair of resistance elements 126
are hingedly connected to the support 123, and the second pair of
resistance elements 142 are hingedly connected to the support 124.
In either configuration the difference in height between the
support 124 and the support 123 is such that the resistance
elements 126, 142 do not come in contact with one another during
use.
[0089] The first pair of resistance elements 126, may be any type
of apparatus that presents resistance to the user in both flexion
and extension, such as hydraulic or pneumatic rams, spring-like
members, frictional resistance mechanisms, pulleys, cams, and/or
the like. In the case of a hydraulic or pneumatic ram, the
resistance elements may be comprised of an inner rod 128 and outer
cylinder 130.
[0090] The first pair of resistance elements (each denoted by the
reference numeral "126") each has a first end 132 and a second end
134. When attached to the support 124, the first ends 132 of the
first pair of resistance elements 126 are attached to the first
upper platform 118 through the use of pivot joints 136 such as ball
and socket joints or other structure permitting substantially free
range of motion. Joints 136 may, in one or more embodiments, be
adjustably connected so as to permit adjustment of the position of
resistance element 126 relative to the user, to accommodate
different sized users and/or different exercise modalities. The
adjustability of the connection position allows for the distance
from the connection points of the joints 136 relative to the user
to be altered to the preference of the user. The user may also be
able to adjust the resistance provided by the first pair of
resistance elements 126.
[0091] The adjustability of the distance of the connection points
of the joints 136 relative to the user may be achieved through any
suitable locking structure, such as aligned holes 1125 through
which may be passed a removable locking pin 1127. As seen in FIGS.
12-14, the removable locking pin 1127 may comprise a spring loaded
knob and pin combination, whereas once pulled up, the joints 136
slidingly engage with the aligned holes 1125 in the first upper
platform 118.
[0092] The second ends 134 of the first pair of resistance elements
126 have associated therewith foot engaging members 138 adapted to
engage the user's feet during use of the device. The foot engaging
members 138 are capable of removably securing the user's feet to
the foot engaging members 138. The ability of removably securing
the user's feet may be achieve through any suitable securing
structure, currently known or unknown, such that when the exercise
apparatus 100 is in use the user's feet remain fixed to the foot
engaging members 138. In various embodiments, the securing ability
may be provided by at least a portion of the foot engaging member
138 enveloping the user's foot. The foot engaging member 138 may
comprise multiple components, of a variety of differing materials,
configured in a variety of manners. In one or more embodiments, the
foot engaging member 138 may include a base portion, a webbing or
strap portion, and a heel portion. In other embodiments, not shown,
the foot engaging member 138 may include various other components
such as to allow the foot engaging member 138 to removably secure
the user's foot. In one or more embodiments, the foot engaging
members 138 may be removable and replaceable with a differently
configured foot engaging member 138.
[0093] Hingedly attached to the frame/base 212 are a second pair of
resistance elements 142, which may be any type of apparatus that
presents resistance to the user in both flexion and extension, such
as hydraulic or pneumatic rams, spring-like members, frictional
resistance mechanisms, pulleys, cams, and/or the like. In the case
of hydraulic or pneumatic ram, the resistance elements may be
comprised of an inner rod 144 and an outer cylinder 146, or vice
versa.
[0094] The second pair of resistance elements (each denoted by the
reference numeral "142") each has a first end 148 and a second end
150. When attached to the support 123, the first ends 148 of the
second pair of resistance elements 142 are attached to the second
upper platform 119 through the use of pivot joints 152 such as ball
and socket members or other structure permitting substantially free
range of motion. Joints 152 may, in one or more embodiments, be
adjustably connected so as to permit adjustment of the position of
resistance element 142 relative to the user, to accommodate
different sized users and/or different exercise modalities. The
adjustability of the connection position allows for the distance
from the connection points of the joints 142 relative to the user
to be altered to the preference of the user. The user may also be
able to adjust the resistance provided by the second pair of
resistance elements 142.
[0095] The adjustability of the distance of the connection points
of the joints 152 relative to the user may be achieved through any
suitable locking structure, such as aligned holes 1125 through
which may be passed a removable locking pin 1127. As seen in FIGS.
12-14, the removable locking pin 1127 may comprise a spring loaded
knob and pin combination, whereas once pulled up, the joints 152
slidingly engage with the aligned holes 1125 in the second upper
platform 119.
[0096] Second ends of the second pair of resistance elements 142
have associated therewith hand engaging members 154 adapted to be
engaged by the user's hands during use of the device. The hand
engaging members 154 can be a handle 156 or a grip, or any other
known or unknown hand engaging configuration or structure. The hand
engaging members 154 may comprise multiple components, of a variety
of differing materials, configured in a variety of manners. In one
or more embodiments, the hand engaging members 154 may be removable
and replaceable with a differently configured hand engaging member
154. One or more hand engaging members 154 may be of a fixed
structure, and one or more hand engaging members 154 may have at
least of a portion that is flexible, the flexible structure may
include but is not limited to fabric.
[0097] In an embodiment, each resistance element 126, 142, is
independent and bidirectional and can provide resistance in a
number of ways, including, but not limited to, pneumatics,
hydraulics, springs, pulleys, cams, and any other apparatus, now
known or currently unknown, that resists the pushing or pulling
forces exerted by the user. The action of the arms and legs in
bi-directional movement while being resisted by the resistance
elements in both directions offers near full body exercise of the
agonist/antagonist muscles using flexion and extension action of
the larger muscle groups in a gait pattern, simultaneously.
[0098] In the current embodiment, the bench 170 is elevated from
the frame/base 212 by one or more supports 121, 122. In various
other embodiments, the bench 170 may rest on the frame/base 212. In
the current embodiment, one way to use the exercise apparatus 100
allows the person lay their back on the bench 170, place their feet
in the foot engaging members 138, hold onto the hand engaging
members 154, and move their arms and legs against resistance in
near-complete range of motion.
[0099] The unit allows for near-complete joint range of motion in
active and resistant movements. That is, for example, the following
magnitude of movements can be achieved in the following joints:
elbow flexion: 0-150 degree movement, shoulder flexion: 0-180
degree movement, knee flexion: 0-100 degree movement, hip flexion:
0-120 degree movement. These ranges represent what is essentially
free range of movement for all four limbs, thereby providing a full
body workout engaging multiple muscle groups.
[0100] In various embodiments, the frame/base 212 may include one
or more removable locking pins 1127. When utilized, the removable
locking pins 1127 may allow for the frame/base 212 to pivotally
fold from an extended position, as shown in FIG. 12, to a folded
position, as shown in FIG. 13. The removable locking pin 1127 may
comprise a spring loaded knob and pin combination, whereas once
pulled up, the frame/base 212 is no longer locked in a uniform
section, but instead is able to fold upon itself. In other
embodiments, the removable locking pin 1127 may be fixed pin and
hole variety. By allowing for frame/base 212 to fold up, the
exercise apparatus 100 is able to be stored in a more
space-efficient manner.
[0101] In various embodiments, the supports 121, 122, may allow for
various portions of the bench 170 to be elevated in various
degrees. In the preferred embodiment, the range of degree variation
can allow for the bench 170 to form any angle between 90 to 180
degrees. In various other embodiments, the bench 170 may form and
an angle greater than 180 degrees. By providing for variation in
the angle of the bench 170, the position of the resistance elements
126, 142 relative to the user are able to be altered, thus allowing
the user to focus of differing muscle groups.
[0102] In another embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 15-16, the
exercise apparatus 1000 is comprised of a frame/base 312, at least
one pair of resistance elements 242, and a bench 270. By way of
example but not by limitation, the frame/base 312 is comprised of
multiple elongated members. In various embodiments, such as the
embodiment depicted in FIG. 17, the frame/base 312 may include one
or more locking pins 1127 to allow for the various members to
slidingly-engage with one another so as to allow the frame/base 312
to be capable of lengthening or shortening. As seen in FIGS. 15 and
16, the removable locking pin 1127 may comprise a spring loaded
knob and pin combination, whereas once pulled up, the frame/base
312 is able to telescopically elongate. In various other
embodiments, the frame/base 312 may be comprised of one or more
members comprised in a variety of shapes/configurations. The
frame/base 312 has one or more supports 221, 223, 224, hingedly
connecting the resistance elements 226, 242, to the frame/base
312.
[0103] The resistance elements 226, 242, may be any type of
apparatus that presents resistance to the user in both flexion and
extension, such as hydraulic or pneumatic rams, spring-like
members, frictional resistance mechanisms, pulleys, cams, and/or
the like. In the case of a hydraulic or pneumatic ram, the
resistance elements 226, 242, may be comprised of an inner rod 228,
244, and outer cylinder 230, 246, respectively.
[0104] The resistance elements 242 each have a first end 248 and a
second end 250. The first end 248 of the pair of resistance
elements 242 are attached to the upper platform 219 through the use
of pivot joints 252 such as ball and socket joints or other
structure permitting substantially free range of motion. The user
may be able to adjust the resistance provided by the pair of
resistance elements 242. In the alternative, the resistance
elements 242 are capable of attaching to the lower platform 218,
wherein the connection may be made through the use of pivot joints
236 such as ball and socket or other structure permitting
substantially free range of motion.
[0105] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, both the upper
platform 219 and the lower platform 218 are located on the same
support structure 224. In various embodiments the support structure
224 may be angled relative to the frame/base 312, or in the
alternative, may be perpendicular to the frame/base 312. Both the
upper platform 219 and the lower platform 218 are capable of
attaching resistance elements 226, 242. In various versions of use
the upper platform 219 hingedly attaches the first resistance
element 226, where the lower platform 218 hingedly attaches the
second resistance element 242. Whereas, when the upper platform 219
is hingedly attached to the second resistance element 226, the
lower platform 218 may hingedly attach the first resistance element
226.
[0106] In this embodiment, the upper platform 219 and the lower
platform 218 are configured in a cross-brace fashion with hinges at
either end to attach the resistance elements 226, 224. In various
embodiments, either one or both of the upper platform 219 and the
lower platform 218 may span the entire width of the support
structure 224. For instance, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 the
upper platform 219 spans across the width of the support structure
224, where the lower platform 218 is comprised of two independent
sections that do not span the width of the support structure
224.
[0107] Second ends 250 of the pair of resistance elements 242 have
associated therewith hand engaging members 254 adapted to be
engaged by the user's hands during use of the device. The hand
engaging members 254 can be a handle 256 or a grip, or any other
known or unknown hand engaging configuration or structure. The hand
engaging members 254 may comprise multiple components, of a variety
of differing materials, configured in a variety of manners. In one
or more embodiments, the hand engaging members 254 may be removable
and replaceable with a differently configured hand engaging member
254. One or more hand engaging members 254 may be of a fixed
structure, and one or more hand engaging members 254 may have at
least of a portion that is flexible, the flexible structure may
include but is not limited to fabric.
[0108] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17-19, the first end
232 of the resistance elements 226 may be attached under the bench
270, or, in the alternative, may be attached to the upper platform
218, in either attachment the connection may be made through the
use of pivot joints 236 such as ball and socket or other structure
permitting substantially free range of motion. The user may be able
to adjust the resistance provided by the pair of resistance
elements 226.
[0109] In the preferred embodiment, the resistance elements 226,
242, are independent and bidirectional and can provide resistance
in a number of ways, including, but not limited to, pneumatics,
hydraulics, springs, pulleys, cams, and any other apparatus, now
known or currently unknown, that resists the pushing or pulling
forces exerted by the user.
[0110] In the current embodiment, the bench 270 is elevated from
the frame/base 312 by one or more supports 221, 222. In various
other embodiments, the bench 270 may rest on the frame/base
212.
[0111] One method of using the exercise apparatus 1000 allows for
the person to lay on their back on the bench 270, place their feet
in either a foot engaging member 238, as shown in FIGS. 12-14, on
the floor, on the frame/base 312, on the lower platform 218, or the
upper platform 219, hold onto the hand engaging members 252, and
move their arms and/or legs against resistance in near-complete
range of motion.
[0112] The unit allows for near-complete joint range of motion in
active and resistant movements. That is, for example, the following
magnitude of movements can be achieved in the following joints:
elbow flexion: 0-150 degree movement, and shoulder flexion: 0-180
degree movement. These ranges represent what is essentially free
range of movement, thereby providing a workout engaging multiple
muscle groups.
[0113] In differing embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 17-19, the
frame/base 312 may include one or more removable locking pins 1127
that allow for the frame/base 312 to pivotally fold from an
extended position, as shown in FIG. 17, to a folded position, as
shown in FIG. 18. The removable locking pin 1127 may comprise a
spring loaded knob and pin combination, where once pulled up, the
frame/base 312 is no longer locked in a uniform section, but
instead is able to fold upon itself. In other embodiments, the
removable locking pin 1127 may be fixed pin and hole variety. By
allowing for the frame/base 312 to fold up, the exercise apparatus
1000 is able to be stored in a more space-efficient manner.
[0114] In various embodiments, the frame/base 312 may include
wheels 223 either fixed, or removably attached. The wheels 223
allow for the exercise apparatus 1000 to be pivotally-lifted and
moved without having to fully lift the exercise apparatus 1000.
Thereby allowing the user to move and position the exercise
apparatus 1000 on any suitable floor space.
[0115] In various embodiments, the supports 224 may allow for
various portions of the bench 270 to be elevated to various fixed
positions, such as can be seen in FIG. 17. The adjustability of the
various portions of the bench 270 may be achieved through any
suitable locking structure, such as aligned holes 1125 through
which may be passed a removable locking pin 1127.
[0116] The adjustability of the various portions of the bench 270
may help provide comfort for the user by allowing the user to
engage the exercise apparatus 1000 in various positions. By
enabling the user to engage the exercise apparatus 1000 in various
positions, the user is able to position themselves in a suitable
position to better focus on differing muscle groups. For instance,
if the user wishes to focus on their shoulders, the bench 270 will
optimally be flat in a 180 degree position. If the user wishes to
focus on their biceps and/or triceps, the bench 270 will optimally
be positioned between 90 to 120 degrees. However, the optimal
position for various users may vary based upon the individual
preference of the user.
[0117] In various embodiments, as seen in FIGS. 20-22, the
resistance elements 700, 800, may be any unidirectional or
bidirectional resistance apparatus, including, by way of example
but not by way of limitation, fluid cylinders, electromechanical
devices, pulleys, cam devices, leaf spring, coil spring, brakes, or
combination thereof. The cam devices may include but are not
limited to spring loaded cams. The resistance elements 700, 800,
may interchangeably attach to the different support structures 423,
424, which hingedly connect the resistance elements 700, 800, to
the frame/base 412 at the location of the joint 436, 452. The joint
436 connects to the support structure 424 on the first upper
platform 418, and the joint 452 connects to the support structure
423 on the second upper platform 419. In the various embodiments,
the resistance elements 700, 800, may be interchangeable, in which
a resistance element 700, 800 of one variety (i.e. fluid cylinders,
electromechanical devices, pulleys, cam devices, leaf spring, coil
spring, brakes, or combination thereof) may be exchanged for a
resistance elements 700, 800, of a different variety (i.e. fluid
cylinders, electromechanical devices, pulleys, cam devices, leaf
spring, coil spring, brakes, or combination thereof).
[0118] The resistance element 700 is connected to a connecting
apparatus 710, which is itself connected to a foot engaging member
438. The resistance element 800 is connected to a connecting
apparatus 810, which is itself connected to a hand engaging member
456. The connecting apparatus 710, 810, may be of any suitable
structure to connect the foot engaging member 438 or the hand
engaging member 456 to resistance element 700, 800. In various
embodiments the connecting apparatus 710, 810, may be either a
rigid material, like a metal, plastic, or other suitable bar
composition, or may be flexible, like a wire, nylon, or other
suitable cable-like structure. Different choice of connection
apparatus 710, 810, may be suitable dependent on, among other
things, the choice of the resistance element 700, 800. For example,
when employing pulleys the connection apparatus 710, 810, best
suited will likely be a flexible structure, such as but not limited
to a cable.
[0119] The resistance elements 700, 800, may be formed through a
combination of multiple different varieties of resistance elements.
For example, if a pulley is selected the user may also choose to
attach a cam device to provide increased resistance for the pulley.
The combination of a pulley and cam device may form one unitary
resistance element 700, 800. By allowing for different variety of
resistance mechanisms to be combined to form one unitary resistance
element 700, 800, the user will be further enabled to vary the
level of resistance created.
[0120] Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have
been described above with regard to specific embodiments of the
present invention. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to
problems, and any element(s) that may cause or result in such
benefits, advantages, or solutions to become more pronounced are
not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature
or element of any or all the claims. The invention is defined
solely by the appended claims including any amendments made during
the pendency of this application and all equivalents of those
claims as issued. While the invention has been described in its
preferred form or embodiment with some degree of particularity, it
is understood that this description has been given only by way of
example and that numerous changes in the details of construction,
fabrication, and use, including the combination of structural
arrangement and sizes of features, may be made without departing
from the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *