U.S. patent application number 15/489743 was filed with the patent office on 2018-02-15 for gravity-derived structure for optimal response to gravitational forces.
The applicant listed for this patent is Vasil Shyta. Invention is credited to Vasil Shyta.
Application Number | 20180044937 15/489743 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 61158689 |
Filed Date | 2018-02-15 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180044937 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Shyta; Vasil |
February 15, 2018 |
Gravity-Derived Structure For Optimal Response To Gravitational
Forces
Abstract
A structure, such as a
tower/building/column/beam/bridge/machine, is composed of elements
that are arranged in a manner to optimally respond to any
destructive force applied upon it. Using physical models that
expose the effects of gravitational forces shows that the density
of the structural elements of a structure should gradually increase
from top to bottom in order for the structure to optimally respond
to these and other forces. For optimal response to vibrational
forces traveling through a structure/tower/bridge/machine, the
structure should be divided in segments that satisfy the Formulas
1, 2, 3, Page 4 of this application. When a structure is divided
into segments such that one, or two, or any ratio between these is
an Irrational number, the vibration cannot travel through the
structure because there isn't a wave length that fits through these
different segments.
Inventors: |
Shyta; Vasil; (Livingston,
NJ) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Shyta; Vasil |
Livingston |
NJ |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
61158689 |
Appl. No.: |
15/489743 |
Filed: |
April 18, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62391203 |
Apr 23, 2016 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 1/98 20130101; E04H
9/021 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04H 9/02 20060101
E04H009/02 |
Claims
1. Composition of a structure with at least one zigzag element the
form of this (these) element is generated using the experiments
explained above (using gravity to allocate the structural elements
FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, to FIG. 21). For different appearances of
these structures see FIG. 30, FIG. 31, FIG. 32, FIG. 35, FIG. 42,
FIG. 44, FIG. 46, FIG. 50. FIG. 51, FIG. 52, FIG. 53, FIG. 54, FIG.
64, FIG. 65, FIG. 66, FIG. 67, FIG. 68, FIG. 69, FIG. 70, FIG. 71,
FIG. 79, FIG. 80, FIG. 81, FIG. 82, FIG. 83, FIG. 84, FIG. 85, FIG.
86, FIG. 87, FIG. 88, FIG. 94, FIG. 97, FIG. 98, FIG. 99, FIG. 104,
FIG. 105, FIG. 106, FIG. 107, FIG. 109, FIG. 110. These are some
examples how the structure may look. Using the experiments explain
above (FIG. 4-FIG. 21) we can generate unlimited appearances.
2. The structure of the claim one should be divided in segments
that one or more or all ratios between the lengths of these
segments should equal an Irrational Number. FIG. 41. Length of
segment "a" divided by of length of segment "b" equals an
Irrational number a/b=I.sub.1 where I.sub.1 is an Irrational
Number. (In mathematics golden section of a segment is one example
of the statement above.) (Formula 1 Page 4 of this
application).
3. The structure of the claim one can be divided in segments that
contain one or more oblique elements which defines angles with the
horizon in the manner that one or more or all ratios between the
values of these angles should equal an Irrational Number. The
statement above can apply to different angles in the same segment
or angels in different segments. FIG. 41 the value of angle "m"
divided by the value of angle "n" equals an irrational number.
m/n=irrational number. (Formula 2 page 4 of this application)
4. In the structure of the claim one, the length of the oblique
elements in the same segment or in different segments should be in
the manner that one or more or all the ratios between these lengths
equals an irrational number. FIG. 41 Length of segment "1" divided
by length of segment "2" equals an irrational number. (Formula 3
Page 4 of this application)
5. There is no limitation in the materials that the "Gravity
derivate structure" can be constructed. Some instances are wood,
steal, other metals, concrete, plastic, engineered materials, or
combination of any materials, etc.
6. There is no limitation in size and how the "Gravity derivate
structure" can be used. The structure can be vertical, horizontal
or oblique. For instance this structure can be used as a column, as
a beam, as a cantilever beam, as an oblique beam, as a tower or any
other shape building, as a bridge, FIG. 147-FIG. 151 or any other
way.
7. There is no limitation on the number of the segments, in a
zigzag FIG. 115 to FIG. 138.
8. There is no limitation on the number of the zigzags. There is no
limitations how segments can overlap each other. There is no
limitations on the combination of different zigzags. FIG. 139-FIG.
146.
9. There is no limitation on the combination of the zigzags
structure with other structural or not structural elements of a
structure/building/bridge.
10. There is no limitation on the profile of the structural
elements, these can be square, rectangular, diamond, triangle,
pentagons, hexagons, etc. regular or irregular.
11. There is no limitation how the structural elements are
connected together.
12. The formulas expressed on the claims two, three, and four can
be used in any other object or machine with the goal to isolate,
reduce, and eliminate vibrations in this objects or machines.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of provisional patent
application Ser. No. 62/391,203, field 2016 Apr. 23 by the present
inventor.
FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH
[0002] None.
SEQUENCE LISTING
[0003] None.
BACKGROUND
[0004] This relates to any structure independent from the materials
(wood, steal, concrete, etc.) that are used to construct the
structure. The idea is to optimize the distribution of the
structural elements of a structure with the goal of using the
minimal amount of materials for a maximal response to all the
forces that are applied to the structure.
[0005] I. Gravitational forces. Every structure on Earth is
continually under the effects of gravitational forces. FIG. 1 is a
diagram that illustrates the effects of gravitational forces on a
structure. The building is horizontally divided into 20 equal
sections. On each section there is a gravitational force "X". On
the top section the gravitational force is X, on the second section
(from top) the gravitational force is 2.lamda., on the third
section the gravitational force is 3.times. and so forth until
reaching the bottom of the structure a gravitational force of
20.lamda.. When moving from top to bottom, the weight of each
section gradually increases because it holds the weight of all the
sections above it. The structure of a building should respond to
these additive forces; this can be achieved by increasing the
strength of the lower sections. Increasing the strength can be
achieved in two different ways. One way is to increase the density
of the elements on the bottom, and a second way is to increase the
width (bulk) of the elements.
[0006] II. Seismic forces and vibration. FIG. 2 is a diagram that
explains the impact of seismic forces upon a structure/building.
Seismic forces can be horizontal vibrations or vertical vibrations;
these are depicted by the arrows. When these vibrations travel from
the bottom to the top of the structure the amplitude of the
vibrations increases. The vibrations are then reflected from the
top to the bottom with a larger Moment=Force.times.Distance
(M=F.times.D) at the bottom; (The Moment of a force is a measure of
its tendency to cause a body to rotate about a specific point or
axis) this is represented with the arrows. The structure of a
building should respond these seismic forces and this can be
achieved:
[0007] 1) By increasing the strength of the bottom sections by
increasing the density and/or width/bulk of the structure at the
bottom.
[0008] 2) By allocating the structural elements in the manner that
reduces the travel path of the vibration and isolating the
vibration forces in small segments in the structure. On other
words: the structure should be divided in different segments in the
manner that when a vibrational force is applied in one segment of
the structure, these vibration force stays there until vanishes,
and is not transmitted to the next segment of the structure. This
effect can be achieved in three different ways claimed in this
patent application:
[0009] a) The length of the segments. If a structure is divided in
n segments (a, b, c, d etc.) Then one or more or all ratios between
the lengths of these segments should equal an Irrational
Number.
[0010] Example: the length of segment "a" divided by the length of
segment "c" is an irrational number, the length of segment "b"
divided by the length of segment "a" is an irrational number and so
on. (Refer to FIG. 41)
a/c=I.sub.1, b/a=I.sub.2, a/d=I.sub.3 etc. where I.sub.1, I.sub.2,
I.sub.3 are Irrational Numbers. (Formula 1)
[0011] b) The composition of the structural segments. In any
segment should exist at least one oblique element which defines an
angle with the horizontal line. One or more or all ratios between
the values of these angles should equal an Irrational Number.
[0012] Example: The angel m, n, o, p, q, r, etc. should satisfy the
formula: value of "m" divided by value of "n" equals an Irrational
number and so on. (Refer to FIG. 41)
m/n=I.sub.4, n/o=I.sub.5, o/p=I.sub.6 etc. where I.sub.4, I.sub.5,
I.sub.6, is an Irrational number. (Formula 2)
[0013] c) The length of the oblique elements in the same segment or
in different segments should be in the manner that one or more or
all the ratios between these lengths equals an irrational number
and so on. (Refer to FIG. 41)
[0014] Example: The length 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. should satisfy the
formula: length"1" divided by length "2" is an irrational
number.
Length1/length2=I.sub.7, length2/length3=I.sub.8 etc. where
I.sub.7, I.sub.8 is an Irrational number. (Formula 3)
[0015] III. Wind and other lateral forces. FIG. 3 is a diagram
depicting the overturn forces of the wind on a structure/building.
Wind forces cause an overturn moment upon the building.
Moment=force.times.distance, or M=(F)(D). These forces increase
from top to bottom. The structure should respond to these forces in
two ways, by increasing the density or by increasing the width of
the lower structural elements.
SUMMARY
[0016] The above ideas suggest that a structure/building should be
1) stronger on the bottom 2) composed by different non identical
segments, in order to withstand the forces applied on it. One way
to achieve this is to gradually increase the density of the
structural elements from top to bottom. How gradual should the
increase in density be? The optimal way to solve this problem is by
using gravity to allocate the structural elements.
EXPERIMENT
[0017] FIG. 4 to FIG. 21 show how gravity can be used to allocate
the structural element of a structure/building. On FIG. 4, FIG. 5,
and FIG. 6 a strip of cardboard is bent in a zig-zag manner. When
the top segment of the strip is pulled up, the effect of gravity
upon the strip can be visualized. The segments of the zig-zag are
denser at the bottom. FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10 shows
different models that are suspended over a gridded background;
again, the effect of gravity is shown. The models are made from
different materials, and with a different number of segments. FIG.
11, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14 shows the zigzag strip of
cardboard suspended through two metal rods, again the effect of the
gravity upon the structure is visually depicted. FIG. 15, FIG. 16,
FIG. 17, FIG. 18, FIG. 19, FIG. 20, and FIG. 21 show a wider strip
that is bent in a zigzag manner (the center of each segment is
subtracted) suspended through four metal rods.
Conclusion
[0018] These experiments demonstrate 1) how gradual the density of
the structural elements should be increased from top to bottom and
2) how to divide a structure in n different non identical segments
that can be calculated to satisfy the above formulas 1, 2, 3. (the
length "a" divided by the length "b" equals an irrational number,
the value of angle "m" divided by the value of angle "n" equals an
irrational number, and length "1" divided by length "2" equals an
irrational number. (FIG. 41.) For optimal response of the forces
that are applied upon a structure/building.
Process
[0019] The FIG. 22 shows a model, which contains 8 equal segments.
FIG. 23 is a diagram of the above model with measured distances
between the zig-zag points; it is clear that these distances are
increasing from the bottom up. On the left side the distances
between points are 20, 80, 124, 147, units, and on the right side
they are 49, 110, 135, 163, units, (I used the grid from FIG. 7) to
generate these distances. FIG. 24 shows the distances a, b, c, d,
e, f, g, h, which are the distances from one bent to the next one.
Using these distances I produced the graphic displayed at the FIG.
25. The vertical lines a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h, are equally
arranged on a horizontal line AB, and connected at the top with the
spline DC. Experimenting with physical materials will always have
some limitations or errors which lead to the production of a
non-idealistic (non-perfect) experiment. As a result the graphic
line DC on FIG. 25 is not smooth. To correct these limitations I
smoothed out spline DC and got the new graphic on FIG. 26. This
graphic represent an idealistic experiment without the limitations
of physical materials. The result from the new graphic are the
segments a', b', c', d', e', f', g', h'. Using these segments I
constructed the diagram on FIG. 27, which is the new (idealistic)
zig-zag line. FIG. 28 shows both zigzag lines. It is clear that the
difference is small and the new zigzag is smoother. FIG. 29 shows
this zigzag line bolder which represents how the structure element
should be allocated at a vertical building/structure. FIG. 30, FIG.
31, and FIG. 32 show how this structure is used to brace a
tower/building with variations on building height. On FIG. 30 the
bracing starts with a horizontal element at the bottom and finishes
with a horizontal element at the top. On FIG. 31 the building is a
segment shorter. On FIG. 32 the top is oblique.
[0020] FIG. 33, FIG. 34, and FIG. 35 show the process of using two
symmetrical zigzag lines to produce a new structure which has two
zigzag elements. FIG. 35 shows the elevation of a building using
the double structure, the other three elevations are similar to the
elevation on FIG. 35.
[0021] FIG. 36 to, FIG. 37, FIG. 38, FIG. 39, FIG. 40, FIG. 41,
FIG. 42, FIG. 43, FIG. 44, FIG. 45, and FIG. 46 is the same process
repeated with a 9 segments zigzag strip of cardboard. The results
are similar with the first process. FIG. 44 shows the double zigzag
structure and FIG. 46 shows quadruple zigzag structure. The graphic
at the FIG. 45 shows how we can generate the extra 2 zigzag lines.
At the graphic on the FIG. 45 we add extra segments in the middle
of the space between the existing ones. With these segment we
construct one other zigzag line and generate the symmetrical line
of it. Overlying the four zig-zag lines we get the structure FIG.
46. All other elevations can be similar to the elevation at the
FIG. 46. This process can be repeated multiply times as e result to
produce structures with multiply zigzag lines.
Adjustments.
[0022] 1) In FIG. 41 we can make small adjustments in the length of
the segments a, b, c . . . in order to achieve the result: one or
more or all the ratios of any segment a, b, c . . . with any other
segment a, b, c . . . equals an irrational number. 2) In FIG. 41 we
can make small adjustments in the value of the angles m, n, o, p,
q, r . . . in order to achieve the result: one or more or all the
ratios between the value of the angles m, n, p, o, q, r . . .
equals an irrational number. 3) In the FIG. 41 we can make small
adjustments in the length of the segments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 . . . in
order to achieve the result: one or more or all the ratios between
the length of the segments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, . . . equals an
irrational number. (Formulas 1, 2, and 3. Page 4)
[0023] FIG. 47, FIG. 48, FIG. 49, showing the diagrams of a single
bracing element, double bracing element, and quadruple bracing
element. FIG. 50 shows a computer generated rendering of a
quadruple structure. FIG. 51, FIG. 52, FIG. 53, and FIG. 54 shows
computer generated renderings of buildings that are produced by
connecting the zig-zag structure from elevation to elevation in
three different ways.
[0024] FIG. 55, FIG. 56, FIG. 57, FIG. 58, FIG. 59, FIG. 60, FIG.
61, FIG. 62, and FIG. 63 shows the process repeated again with a
different strip of cart board. The result again is similar to the
above processes. FIG. 64, FIG. 65, FIG. 66 showing the elevations
of a building that has the front and the back elevations identical
and the left and right are produced by adding horizontal beams
which connect the bending point of the front zigzag with the
bending point of the back zigzag. FIG. 67, FIG. 68, FIG. 69 showing
the single, double, and quadruple zigzag structure applied on a
tower. FIG. 70, FIG. 71 showing the computer generated rendering of
a building with to elevators single zigzag structure and two others
horizontal beams connecting the zigzag structures, the top finishes
at the last segment of the zigzag.
[0025] The process is repeated again with a new 13-segments model
FIG. 72, FIG. 73, FIG. 74, FIG. 75, FIG. 76, FIG. 77, FIG. 78, FIG.
79 FIG. 80, FIG. 81, FIG. 82, and FIG. 83. FIG. 80 shows the
diagram of the density of a shading device on the facade of a
building where the density is reversed; top denser bottom less
dense. FIG. 83 shows the elevation of a building with a quadruple
zigzag structure combine with diamond shaped windows and with a
secondary zigzag structure. FIG. 84, FIG. 85, FIG. 86, FIG. 87, and
FIG. 88 show different renderings.
[0026] FIG. 89, FIG. 90 shows a physical model which is constructed
using 18 plastic (elastic) frames connected diagonally at the
corner, and the connection is repeated using the other two corners.
FIG. 89 the model is suspended on a gridded background, and at the
FIG. 90 the model is suspended through the metal rods. FIG. 91,
FIG. 92, FIG. 93, FIG. 95, and FIG. 96 are the diagrams generated
based on the models in the FIG. 89, and FIG. 90. I repeated the
process again as a result generating the building depicted in the
FIG. 94, FIG. 97, and FIG. 98. FIG. 99 is a rendering of the
quadruple zigzag model generated by the above diagrams.
[0027] Next model FIG. 100, and FIG. 102 is constructed using a
wider cardboard strip which contains 20 segments (the central part
of each segment is removed in the manner each segment forms a
frame). This model is suspended through the four metal roads. Based
on this model are generated the diagrams in the FIG. 101, and FIG.
103. These diagrams are used to generate the new structure/building
shown in the FIG. 104, FIG. 105, FIG. 106, and FIG. 107 showing the
four elevations of the new structure/building. FIG. 108 shows the
rendering of the zig-zag structure. FIG. 109 shows the combination
of the zig-zag structure with other structural elements in this
case horizontal and vertical elements. FIG. 110 is a rendering of
the Building/structure.
[0028] FIG. 111, FIG. 112, FIG. 113, and FIG. 114 shows the
combination of the different elements that form the facade of the
building.
[0029] FIG. 115 to FIG. 138 showing different structures with
different segments vertically, from 2 to multiply, and horizontally
different number of zigzags from one, two, three, to multiply.
[0030] FIG. 139, FIG. 140, FIG. 141, FIG. 142, FIG. 143, FIG. 144,
FIG. 145, and FIG. 146 showing that different zig-zag elements can
be combined 2 or more to produce new structure/building.
[0031] FIG. 147, FIG. 148, FIG. 149, FIG. 150, and FIG. 151 showing
that the structure can be used in a horizontal manner, as a
cantilever beam or regular beam or a bridge.
[0032] FIG. 152, FIG. 153 showing diagrams how the vibrating waives
travel in the structure. From physics we know that when the
frequency of the vibrating waives that are applied upon a
building/structure equals the internal frequency of the structure
itself the vibration is maximized (this is called resonance). In
this instance the building can collapse. The benefit of the
structure described in this application is that because of the
structure has different in length and form segments there is
difficult for an exterior vibrations that is applied upon the
structure/building to reach the resonance. On the other hand the
resonance can easier reached in a building/structure with similar
segments FIG. 152.
[0033] It is very difficult for the structure in the FIG. 153 to
reach the resonance, because there is no wave length to fit in two
segments a and b, that satisfy a/b=I, where I is an irrational
number (Formulas 1, 2, 3 Page 4).
* * * * *