U.S. patent application number 15/540329 was filed with the patent office on 2018-01-04 for method for the severance of an electrical power cable, or of a strand section, device therefor, as well as cutting device.
The applicant listed for this patent is GREENLEE TEXTRON INC., GUSTAV KLAUKE GMBH. Invention is credited to Torsten Darkow, Egbert Georg Gottfried Frenken, Andreas Lehr, William John McNulty.
Application Number | 20180006437 15/540329 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 55353282 |
Filed Date | 2018-01-04 |
United States Patent
Application |
20180006437 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Frenken; Egbert Georg Gottfried ;
et al. |
January 4, 2018 |
METHOD FOR THE SEVERANCE OF AN ELECTRICAL POWER CABLE, OR OF A
STRAND SECTION, DEVICE THEREFOR, AS WELL AS CUTTING DEVICE
Abstract
A device is used to sever an electrical power cable for the
transmission of high voltage. The cable has an insulation sheath, a
screening layer and a conductive layer. The device includes a first
frame having a first cutting blade mounted thereon, a second frame,
and a measuring device mounted on the second frame. The first
cutting blade is movable relative to the measuring device. The
measuring device is capable of measuring an electrical load on the
electrical power cable and capable of terminating the severing of
the electrical power cable. A method of using the device is also
provided.
Inventors: |
Frenken; Egbert Georg
Gottfried; (Heinsberg, DE) ; McNulty; William
John; (Washington, DC) ; Darkow; Torsten;
(Wuppertal, DE) ; Lehr; Andreas; (Neuss,
DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
GREENLEE TEXTRON INC.
GUSTAV KLAUKE GMBH |
ROCKFORD
REMSCHEID |
IL |
US
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
55353282 |
Appl. No.: |
15/540329 |
Filed: |
January 7, 2016 |
PCT Filed: |
January 7, 2016 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US2016/012417 |
371 Date: |
June 28, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62100639 |
Jan 7, 2015 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02G 9/02 20130101; H01B
9/02 20130101; B23D 29/023 20130101; B23D 29/002 20130101; H02G
1/005 20130101; G01R 21/006 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H02G 1/00 20060101
H02G001/00; G01R 21/00 20060101 G01R021/00 |
Claims
1. A device used to sever an electrical power cable for the
transmission of high voltage, the electrical power cable having an
insulation sheath, a screening layer and a conductive layer,
comprising: a first frame; a first cutting blade carried by the
first frame; a second frame connected to the first frame and
defining a cavity therebetween; a second cutting blade carried by
the second frame; and a measuring device carried by the second
frame, the measuring device comprising a probe protruding outwardly
from the second cutting blade and into the cavity, the first
cutting blade being movable relative to the measuring device, the
measuring device capable of measuring an electrical load on the
electrical power cable and capable of terminating the severing of
the electrical power cable.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the measuring device is further
capable of outputting a signal to a user of the device, the signal
being optical, acoustic, or electrical signal.
3-4. (canceled)
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the probe comprises a conductive
spike partially surrounded by an insulative sheath the conductive
spike capable of penetrating the insulation sheath of the
electrical power cable.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the measuring device further
comprises an evaluation and/or transmission controller in
communication with the probe.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the evaluation and/or
transmission controller is remote from the probe.
8. The device of claim 6, wherein the evaluation and/or
transmission controller is carried by the second frame.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the second cutting blade is
opposed to the first cutting blade.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the first and second frames can
be opened relative to each other.
11. The device of claim 10, further comprising a lock for locking
the first and second frames into a closed position.
12. The device of claim 11, further comprising a sensor for sensing
whether the lock is open or closed.
13. The device of claim 1, further comprising a first sensor
carried by the first cutting blade, and a second sensor carried by
the second frame, the sensor being capable of determining the
position of the first cutting blade.
14. The device of claim 13, wherein the first sensor is one of a
magnet, an RFID unit, and a reflector unit.
15. The device of claim 1, further comprising a positioning part
carried by one of the frames, the positioning part capable of
moving the electrical power cable to a central position between the
first and second frames.
16. The device of claim 15, wherein the positioning part is
pivotally carried by the one frame.
17. The device of claim 15, wherein the positioning part translates
in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the first
cutting blade.
18. A method of severing an electrical power cable for the
transmission of high voltage, comprising: providing an electrical
power cable having an insulation sheath, a screening layer and a
conductive layer; providing a device for cutting the electrical
power cable comprising a first frame, a first cutting blade carried
by the first frame, a second frame connected to the first frame and
defining a cavity therebetween, a second cutting blade carried by
the second frame, the first and second cutting blades defining a
cutting plane, and a measuring device carried by the second frame,
the measuring device comprising a probe protruding outwardly from
the second cutting blade and into the cavity, the probe being
offset from the first cutting blade; moving the first cutting blade
and measuring device relative to the second frame and the second
cutting blade into engagement with the electrical power cable;
penetrating the insulation sheath with the probe in a plane which
is offset from the cutting plane; cutting the insulation sheath
with the first cutting blade; electrically coupling the measuring
device with the conductive layer; electrically coupling the first
cutting blade with the screening layer; using the measuring device
to measure the electrical load on the electrical power cable; and
outputting a signal from the measuring device if an electrical load
is measured.
19. The method as defined in claim 18, wherein the signal is an
optical, acoustic, or electrical signal.
20. The method as defined in claim 18, wherein the measuring device
is repeatedly used to measure the electrical load on the electrical
power cable as the electrical power cable is being cut.
21. The method as defined in claim 18, wherein if an electrical
load is measured, then further comprising: automatically
terminating the cutting of the electrical power cable.
22. The method as defined in claim 18, further comprising:
providing an adapter; and mounting the electrical power cable into
the adapter prior to inserting the electrical power cable into the
device.
23. The method as defined in claim 22, wherein during the cutting,
the adapter is cut.
24. The method as defined in claim 18, further comprising:
determining the position of the cutting blade.
25. The method as defined in claim 18, further comprising: moving
the electrical power cable to a central position between the first
and second frames prior to cutting the electrical power cable.
26-33. (canceled)
34. A method for the severance of an electrical power cable, for
the transmission of high voltage, and has an insulation sheath and
also a screening layer, wherein during the severance of the cable a
measurement is executed in terms of the electrical load on the
cable by a measuring device, and in the event of registering an
electrical load a signal is outputted from the measuring
device.
35. The method in accordance with claim 34, wherein the signal is
an optical, acoustic, or electrical signal.
36. The method in accordance with claim 34, wherein the measurement
is executed with a measuring device connected with the cutting
device.
37. The method in accordance with claim 34, wherein the measurement
is executed repeatedly in the course of the severance.
38. The method in accordance with claim 34, wherein in the event of
registering an impermissible electrical load on the cable by the
signal the severance process is automatically terminated.
39-70. (canceled)
71. The device of claim 1, wherein the first and second cutting
blades define a cutting plane, the probe being offset from the
cutting plane.
Description
[0001] This application claims the domestic benefit of U.S.
Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/100,639, filed on Jan. 7, 2015,
the contents of which are incorporated herein in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] A method for the severance of an electrical power cable,
which is used for transmission of high voltage and which has an
insulation sheath as well as a screening layer is provided.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Methods are known and are used, for example, when working on
so-called buried cables, and in particular on buried cables, which
are installed and which are at least ready for operation.
[0004] In particular, in the case of installed electrical power
cables for the transmission of high voltage, there is a risk that
they are still electrically loaded in the course of the severance,
which can lead to endangering the persons, who bring about the
severance of the power cable. It can also lead to damages to the
cutting device.
[0005] With regard to the known state of the art, the problem is to
specify a method of the type in question, which in particular
ensures the safety of the person, who uses the method.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0006] According to a first aspect, a possible solution of the task
is provided in the case of a method, the focus of which is on that,
during the severance of the cable, a measurement is executed in
terms of the electrical load on the cable by a measuring device and
that, in the event of registering a (relevant) electrical load, a
signal is outputted from the measuring device.
[0007] The safety, in particular of the person carrying out the
method, and further of the person who brings about a severance of
an electrical power cable, is significantly increased by the
proposed method. A measurement of the electrical load of the power
cable is executed in the course of the severance of the cable. In
the event of hereby registering an electrical load, which reaches
or exceeds a predetermined load value, a signal, which is
unambiguous for the user, is thus outputted, whereupon a reaction,
which is more relevant with regard to safety, takes place or is
requested.
[0008] The measurement can take place in the course of penetrating
into or when moving through the screening layer and/or the
insulation sheath of the power cable. A measurement is made between
the screening layer and an insulation sheath, which surrounds the
electrically conducting wires. In the event that the insulated
electrically conductive wires are electrically loaded with high
voltage, this leads to a measurable electrical load between the
screening layer and the insulation sheath. The test voltage, which
is to be registered here, in the event of an electrical loading of
the power cable lies within the range of a few hundred millivolt,
for example 200 to 600 millivolts, up to a few Volts, for example 1
to 5 Volts. Accordingly, the electrical load to be tested lies
within the safety-relevant range, but allows to draw conclusions to
the load of the power cable as a whole within the high voltage
range.
[0009] The signal in the event of registering an electrical load
can be an optical signal, for example a generated light signal. The
signal can also occur acoustically. The signal can furthermore also
be an electrical signal, for example for the further evaluation.
The electrical signal can be a radio signal, which means or shows
that an impermissible voltage was determined. As an alternative to
a radio connection, provision can also be made for an optical
connection (light cable, such as optical fiber, for example).
Provision can also be made for a voltage signal to be transferred
to a display, for example, and to thus be illustrated
graphically.
[0010] The generated signal can furthermore also be transmitted via
a cable, for example by modulating. It can be transmitted as an
optical signal via a cable, which is suitable for optical
transmission, for example a glass fiber cable.
[0011] The measurement can furthermore be executed by a measuring
device connected with the cutting device. The measuring device can
be connected non-detachably with the cutting device. In the
alternative, the measuring device can be fitted detachably with the
cutting device.
[0012] The measuring device may have its own power supply for
evaluating the measuring signal and for outputting a signal in the
event of registering an electrical load. For this purpose,
provision can be made, e.g., for a battery or an accumulator. In
the event that the cutting device is operated electrically, they
can also be used to supply the power for the measuring device.
[0013] The measurement may be executed repeatedly in the course of
the severance, for example at a frequency, which is a function of
the cutting speed, that is, of the penetration speed into the power
cable.
[0014] In the event of registering an impermissible electrical load
on the cable by the signal, the severance process may be terminated
automatically. In the case of an electrically or hydraulically
actuated cutting device, in the case of a cutting blade is moved
towards or along a further cutting blade, a generated signal may
lead to the shut-down of the cutting blade advance and, if
applicable, to a return of the cutting blade. In the case of a
hand-operated cutting device, for example lever-operated cutting
device, a termination of the severance process can be attained, for
example by mechanically interrupting a lever transmission on the
movable cutting blade.
[0015] The disclosure furthermore relates to a method for the
severance of a strand section, in particular of an electrical power
cable, by a cutting device, which has a cutting device aperture,
formed so as to enclose the strand section.
[0016] The cutting device provided for this purpose is capable of
being opened with regard to the cutting device aperture, in
particular for the severance of longer or installed strand sections
(such as, for example, power cables in the form of buried cables)
for surrounding the strand section during the severance
process.
[0017] With regard to the aperture cross-section thereof, the
cutting device aperture is so large such that strand sections of
different diameters or cross-section geometries, respectively, can
be severed with the same cutting device.
[0018] Strand sections comprising a cross-section, which is small
as compared to the cutting device aperture, can result in an
unfavorable orientation of the strand section within the cutting
device aperture in the course of the severance process, thus also
to a tilting of the strand section from a vertical to the aperture
surface. This can lead to a cut, which is inexact and which might
run at an incline.
[0019] With regard to the known state of the art, a technical
problem of the disclosure is seen in improving a method of the type
in question.
[0020] According to a first aspect, a possible solution of the task
is provided in the case of a method, which focuses on surrounding
the strand section with an adapter, which is matched to the
aperture dimension of the cutting device aperture and on then
introducing the adapter with the strand section into the cutting
device aperture.
[0021] A correct, predetermined orientation of the strand section
to be severed can be attained within the cutting device aperture by
the adapter. The adapter for this can be present in the form of a
pipe section, comprising an inner cross-section, which is matched
to the outer cross-section of the strand section, and comprising an
outer cross-section, which is matched to the cutting device
aperture. By using such an adapter, it is thus furthermore made
possible to place the strand section, for example exactly in the
center of the cutting device aperture.
[0022] The adapter may be destroyed in the course of the severance
of the strand section, because the adapter is also severed.
Accordingly, the adapter can only be used once.
[0023] For reutilization, the adapter can also include two
adapters, which are connected with one another via severable webs
or the like. The webs can be replaceable plug-in components or the
like.
[0024] The disclosure also relates to a device for the severance of
an electrical power cable for the transmission of high voltage, and
which has a conductive sheath and also a screening layer, with a
cutting blade.
[0025] Such devices are known, in particular in the form of
hydraulically and/or electromotively driven devices.
[0026] With regard to the known state of the art, a technical
problem of the disclosure is to provide a device of the type in
question to be safer.
[0027] According to a first aspect, a possible solution of the task
is at hand in the case of a device, the focus of which is on the
fact that the device is in operative connection with a controller
for purposes of interrogating the electrical load on the cable and
on the fact that the severance process can be interrupted as a
function of a signal outputted from the controller.
[0028] According to the proposed solution, a device is created,
which is safe with regard to the use, and in particular with regard
to the user, who uses the device. In the event of registering a
relevant electrical load in the course of the cutting or severance
process, respectively, the severance process is interrupted. The
load interrogation is made directly in the course of the severance
process, for the purpose of which the device is in operative
connection with the mentioned controller.
[0029] The mentioned controller is an evaluation and/or
transmission controller. Insofar as reference is made hereinbelow
to an evaluation and/or transmission controller, this also always
refers to the controller as such.
[0030] The controller can have a measuring probe, which penetrates
into the insulation sheath of the cable in the course of a
severance. By reaching or penetrating, respectively, into the
insulation sheath, an electrically conductive contacting between
insulation sheath and measuring probe is attained, in particular in
the case of a standard design of the insulation sheath as semi
conductive polymer conductor.
[0031] The measuring probe penetrates into at least one layer,
which surrounds the insulation sheath, in particular the screening
layer, and a sheath, which surrounds the screening layer so as to
be flush therewith. For this purpose, the measuring probe may be
formed as a spike. The spike may be shielded in a circumferentially
insulating manner. Only the region of the spike can be exposed for
electrical contacting.
[0032] The measuring probe can be arranged opposite a movable
cutting blade of the device. In the course of the severance
process, the movable cutting blade moves successively towards the
measuring probe and in particular towards a spike of the measuring
probe. Provision can also be made for the movable cutting blade to
move past the measuring probe in a laterally offset manner when a
severance process has ended (when no relevant electrical load was
registered).
[0033] The measuring probe can be mounted on a stationary cutting
blade, on which the movable cutting blade moves in the course of
the severance process. In the course of the severance process, the
movable cutting blade runs with a broad side along the broad side
of the stationary cutting blade facing it.
[0034] The measuring probe may be provided on the side of the
stationary cutting blade which faces away from the movable cutting
blade. The measuring probe thus penetrates into the cable in a
plane, which is offset to the cutting plane of the cutting
blades.
[0035] The measuring probe is electrically connected with the
evaluation and/or transmission controller. For this purpose,
provision may be made for an electrical cabling within the
device.
[0036] The entire measuring arrangement of the device, thus in
particular the measuring probe and the evaluation and/or
transmission controller is furthermore provided with its own power
supply. In the alternative, in particular in the case of an
electrical device for the severance of strand sections, the
electrical supply of the measuring device can also take place via
the device supply.
[0037] The evaluation and/or transmission controller can be
arranged at a distance from the measuring probe. The signal
transmission between measuring probe and evaluation and/or
transmission controller can be attained directly in an electrical
manner via a cable connection. In the alternative, a communication
is also possible via radio or in an optical manner. A single
evaluation controller, which is in contact with the transmission
controller via radio, for example, can also be arranged at a
distance from the measuring probe.
[0038] The evaluation controller compares the value of the
electrical load interrogation in the course of a severance process,
the interrogation may be carried out repeatedly with a maximum
reference value, which is stored in particular. In the event of
reaching or exceeding the maximum value or generally also in the
event of registering a load value, the evaluation controller
generates a signal, which may lead to the interruption of the
severance process.
[0039] The evaluation and/or transmission controller can also be
provided directly at the device, whereby a compact device is
specified, which includes the load control in the course of the
severance process.
[0040] The device has a cutting head, which is formed so as to
encompass the cable completely. For this purpose, the cutting head
has a cutting head aperture, which, for the severance of the power
cable or a strand section, respectively, is penetrated by it.
[0041] In particular, for the severance of long and/or installed
electrical power cables, which are in particular installed in the
ground, the cutting head can be opened so as to place it around the
cable to be severed. For this purpose, the cutting head has a
pivotable frame section, which, if applicable, supports the
stationary cutting blade. Prior to executing the severance process,
the pivotable frame section must be fixed and locked to a
stationary frame section, which, if applicable, guides the movable
cutting blade.
[0042] The evaluation and/or transmission controller can be
arranged on the cutting head, thus for example at the pivotable
frame part of the cutting head. A signal generated by the
evaluation controller in the event of the registration of a load in
the course of the severance process can transmit via the
transmission controller, for example via radio transmission, to a
receiving controller of the device, which can actuate the device
electromotively or hydraulically. The receiving controller
generates a signal for interrupting the severance process by
stopping the device drive and/or returning the device drive and
associated relocation of the movable cutting blade.
[0043] The evaluation and/or transmission controller can also be
arranged laterally displaced from a traverse path of the movable
cutting blade. The evaluation and/or transmission controller is
thus arranged in a plane, which is offset to a cutting plane
between the movable and the stationary cutting blade.
[0044] In the closed position, the cutting blade can be locked by a
locking bolt. Provision may be made for a locking bolt, which can
be displaced transverse to the direction of displacement of the
movable cutting blade and which is held at a stationary frame
section of the device and which, in the locked position, penetrates
a corresponding borehole of the pivotable frame section of the
device. The pivotable frame section of the device may be held on
the stationary frame section so as to be capable of being pivotably
moved about a pivot axis, which is oriented parallel to the bolt
axis.
[0045] The position of the locking bolt, in particular the locked
position, can be registered via a sensor. This can be a proximity
sensor or also a magnetic sensor.
[0046] The position of the locking bolt can be registered and
evaluated in the evaluation and/or transmission controller. In the
event that a correct locked position of the bolt is registered, for
example, a severance process can thus be triggered. If applicable,
the correct locked position also ensures the correct positioning of
the measuring probe, so that a correct load test of the cable can
also be executed in the event of a correct locking.
[0047] The registration of an incorrect locked position of the bolt
interrupts the drive for moving the cutting blade, for example, or
does not allow actuation. If applicable, an optical and/or acoustic
error display can also take place additionally.
[0048] With regard to its position, the movable cutting blade can
also be registered via a sensor. In particular, the cutting blade
end position can be registered in a sensory manner so as to ensure
that the cutting process was executed completely.
[0049] The movable cutting blade can thus have a passive sensor,
which is displaced accordingly with the movable cutting blade in
the course of the severance of the cable.
[0050] The passive sensor can be a magnet and/or RFID unit or
reflector unit. The passive sensor may be provided on the movable
cutting blade, at a position which does not penetrate the cable in
the course of the severance.
[0051] The passive sensor can be interrogated by an active sensor.
The active sensor may be fastened to the device and, for example,
on the pivotable frame section of the cutting head.
[0052] In the event of registering the passive sensor on the
cutting blade side, the active sensor generates and end position
signal, which represents the finalization of the severance process.
The generated signal can be represented as optical and/or acoustic
signal or also as electrical signal for relocating the movable
cutting blade into the initial position.
[0053] In one embodiment, the active sensor can be accommodated in
the evaluation and/or transmission controller. As a further
alternative, the signal generated via a separate evaluation
controller can be transmitted to the equipment, which operates the
device, for example, in the event of registering the passive
sensor.
[0054] The disclosure furthermore relates to a cutting device, in
particular a cutting device that can be actuated hydraulically or
electrically with a cutting head, which is formed so as to
encompass an item to be cut, with a movable and a stationary
cutting blade, which can be traversed linearly relative to one
another.
[0055] Cutting devices of the type in question have a cutting
device aperture in the region of the cutting head, which is
suitable to penetrate items to be cut comprising different
cross-sectional dimensions. The problem of an unsatisfactory cut
often results in particular in the case of items to be cut, which
have cross-sections, which are relatively small as compared to the
aperture dimension, for example cross-sectional dimensions, which
correspond to half or less of the maximum aperture dimension of the
device aperture.
[0056] With regard to the known state of the art, it is a technical
problem of the disclosure to further improve a cutting device of
the type in question.
[0057] According to a first aspect, the task is solved in that a
positioning part is provided on the stationary and/or movable
cutting blade, which positioning part, in the course of the
traverse of the movable cutting blade, pushes the item to be cut
towards a central region of the movable cutting blade with respect
to an extent transverse to the direction of displacement of the
movable cutting blade.
[0058] By arranging the positioning part, the item to be cut is
displaced essentially into the central region with respect to the
aperture cross-section of the cutting device. In this position,
which is oriented centrally, if applicable, the item to be cut is
severed.
[0059] Cross-sections, which are at least approximately always the
same, result from this. It can also be ensured through this that
the item to be cut is severed completely due to overlapping of the
cutting blades relative to one another.
[0060] In combination with a measuring device of the
above-described type for load interrogation of a power cable, there
is a further positive effect, namely that the item to be cut, here
the power cable, is always oriented in such a manner independent
from the outer diameter thereof that a provided measuring probe can
penetrate into the cable properly and can execute the corresponding
measurement.
[0061] The positioning part can be formed in the shape of an arm,
which is oriented at an acute angle to the traverse direction of
the movable cutting blade. This arm can be shaped in an elongated
straight manner, but, if applicable, the longitudinal extension
thereof can also run in a convex or also concavely curved
manner.
[0062] The positioning part in total can also be moved in a guided
manner in a direction of displacement of the movable cutting blade.
The movement of the positioning part can hereby result directly
from the movement of the cutting blade, for example by dragging the
item to be cut across the movable cutting blade, into a stop
position of the positioning part. In the stop position, the item to
be cut is in an orientation within the cutting device aperture. In
this orientation, the actual cutting process takes place
hereafter.
[0063] In the case of a positioning part, which can be moved in a
direction, which corresponds to the movable cutting blade,
provision can be made for guidance. They can include one or a
plurality of elongated holes with running guide pins mounted
therein. The elongated holes may extend in the direction of
displacement of the movable cutting blade and may be provided at
the positioning part.
[0064] A movable positioning part can be displaced from an initial
position, which is initially unloaded by the item to be cut,
counter to a spring force, which effects a resetting. Such a spring
force may be chosen to be so low that the movable cutting blade
does not or does not significantly cut into the cable before the
cable has reached a stop-limiting end position in the region of the
positioning part or in the region of the stationary cutting blade,
respectively.
[0065] The positioning part can also be deflected counter to the
direction of displacement of the movable cutting blade in the
course of a cutting operation. The positioning part can furthermore
also be displaced essentially crosswise to the direction of
displacement of the movable cutting blade in the course of the
forward displacement of the movable cutting blade.
[0066] Two positioning parts may be arranged. The positioning parts
can be arranged in a V-shape or are arranged running essentially
parallel to one another. A preadjustment of the orientation of the
positioning parts relative to one another, in particular of a
function of the predetermined cross-sectional dimensions of the
item to be cut can take place hereby. A manual adjustment may be
used for this.
[0067] In the case of an arrangement of two positioning parts, such
an adjustment of the two positioning parts can take place
synchronously, that is, the adjustment of one positioning part
inevitably leads to the corresponding adjustment of the other
positioning part. Provision can be made for a synchronization
drive.
[0068] The disclosure furthermore relates to an adapter for
purposes of enclosing an item to be cut in the form of a
strand.
[0069] Such an adapter can be used to adapt the strand-shaped item
to be cut to an aperture cross-section of a cutting device, whereby
an item to be cut comprising a comparatively small cross-sectional
dimension can also be cut correctly in a cutting device comprising
an aperture, which is large as compared thereto.
[0070] To offer an adapter of the type in question in a manner,
which is cost-efficient from a manufacturing standpoint, it is
proposed for the adapter to be formed from a material that can be
cut easily, such as foam, plastic, such as, in particular, soft
plastic, or balsa wood, and for the adapter to be formed in two
parts, wherein the parts can be connected with one another for
purposes of pivoting.
[0071] The material selection of the adapter provides a
cost-efficient production thereof. At the same time, the adapter
can be severed easily by a cutting device due to the material
selection. The material can also be an elastically resilient
foam.
[0072] The two-part design makes it possible to place such an
adapter around an item to be cut, which, due to the length and/or
installation type thereof, does not allow a one-part adapter to be
slid on.
[0073] The adapter can have a substantially circular layout with
respect to a view, in which a geometric axis of an aperture of the
adapter for the passage of the item to be cut is in the form of a
point. The layout may be adapted to an aperture cross-section of a
cutting device and can accordingly also be formed essentially
elongated and/or approximately rectangular.
[0074] A penetration of a measuring probe through the adapter and
hereafter into the strand section to be severed is furthermore
possible by the material selection of the adapter, which turns out
to be advantageous in particular in the event of a cutting process
of an electrically power cable, which might be under load.
[0075] The mentioned electrical load is in particular a voltage
load. The voltage load can start at 1000 Volt (1 KV), for example,
and can be up to 380,000 Volts (380 KV), for example. If
applicable, it can also be higher.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0076] The disclosure is explained below by the enclosed drawing,
which, however, only represents exemplary embodiments. A part,
which is only explained with respect to one of the exemplary
embodiments and which is not replaced by a different part in the
case of a further exemplary embodiment due to the characteristic
highlighted therein, is thus also described as a part, which might
at least be possible for this further exemplary embodiment.
[0077] FIG. 1 shows a device for the severance of an electrical
power cable in the form of a cutting device in the use state;
[0078] FIG. 2 shows the device in perspective illustration relating
to an initial position;
[0079] FIG. 3 shows a perspective rear view for this;
[0080] FIG. 4 shows the device in side view;
[0081] FIG. 5 shows the device in bottom view;
[0082] FIG. 6 shows the device in a perspective exploded
illustration;
[0083] FIG. 7 shows an illustration, which corresponds to FIG. 4,
comprising a strand section to be severed in the form of a power
cable;
[0084] FIG. 8 shows an illustration, which corresponds to FIG. 7,
but in the course of the cutting process;
[0085] FIG. 9 shows the perspective section along line IX-IX in
FIG. 4;
[0086] FIG. 10 shows the enlargement of the region X in FIG. 9;
[0087] FIG. 11 shows an illustration, which corresponds to FIG. 3,
but after complete severance of the strand section;
[0088] FIG. 12 shows a movable cutting blade of the device in a
perspective individual illustration;
[0089] FIG. 13 shows an illustration, which corresponds to FIG. 2,
relating to a further embodiment with open cutting head;
[0090] FIG. 14 shows a view of a further embodiment of the
device;
[0091] FIG. 15 shows a view of the device in a further
embodiment;
[0092] FIG. 16 shows an adapter for surrounding a strand-shaped
item to be cut in a perspective individual illustration;
[0093] FIG. 17 shows an illustration, which corresponds to FIG. 4,
of the device prior to severance of a strand-shaped item to be cut
in the form of a power cable, which is provided with the
adapter;
[0094] FIG. 18 shows an illustration, which corresponds to FIG. 17,
but relating to the cutting or test position, respectively,
according to FIG. 8;
[0095] FIG. 19 shows the adapter in a further embodiment;
[0096] FIG. 20 shows a cross-sectional view of an electrical probe
according to a further aspect;
[0097] FIG. 21 shows a cross-sectional view of an electrical probe
according to yet another aspect;
[0098] FIGS. 22A and 22B show a cross-sectional views of an
electrical probe according to yet an even further aspect; and
[0099] FIGS. 22C and 22D show top plan views of the electrical
probe of FIGS. 22A and 22B.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0100] A device 1 in the form of a hydraulic cutting device 2 for
the severance of a strand-shaped item to be cut 3, in particular a
strand section 4, and, as illustrated, a power cable 5, is
illustrated and described with reference to FIG. 1. Insofar as
reference is made below to the power cable 5, the disclosure is
also relevant for a strand-shaped item to be cut or a strand
section, respectively, insofar as a voltage admission, as might
possibly be present in the case of the electrical power cable, is
not important. The electrical power cable 5 is a high voltage power
cable.
[0101] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a situation, in which the
power cable 5, which is to be severed, is installed as item to be
cut 3 in an exposed trench 6.
[0102] The cutting device 2 can be remotely controlled, by a
control device 7, which is hydraulically and, if applicable, also
electrically connected with the cutting device 2. A connecting
dielectric hydraulic hose is provided with reference numeral 8.
[0103] The control device 7 has at least one activation switch 9.
By actuating the activation switch 9, an electrically actuated
hydraulic pump is activated in the control device 7 for conveying
hydraulic oil from a hydraulic reservoir into a piston chamber,
which is provided in the cutting device 2.
[0104] The hydraulic pump moves a piston 10 in the cutting device
2. A movable cutting blade 11 is fastened to the piston 10.
[0105] The cutting device 2 or the device 1, respectively, has a
cutting head 12. It is formed in a frame-like manner for
encompassing the item to be cut 3. The cutting head 12 includes a
stationary frame section 13 and a frame section 14, which are
pivotally connected to each other. The frame section 14 defines a
pivotable frame section 14. The frame section 14 may be at least
partially formed of a plate which is generally U-shaped such that
an opening is defined. The frame section 13 may be formed of a pair
of plates which are joined together such that an essentially forked
layout is defined. The plates of frame section 13 may be generally
U-shaped such that an opening is defined. The frame section 14
seats between the plates forming the frame section 13 and the
openings face each other.
[0106] The stationary frame section 13 is connected to a handling
section 15, in which, among others, the afore-described piston 10
is arranged so as to be linearly shiftable such that the piston 10
is movable relative to the stationary frame section 13.
[0107] First and second cutting blades 11, 16 are arranged in the
cutting head 12. The cutting blade 11 has a cutting edge 17. The
cutting blade 16 has a cutting edge 18. The movable cutting blade
11, which is connected with the piston 10, is attached to and
guided within the stationary frame section 13. The stationary
cutting blade 16 is attached to and guided within the pivotable
frame section 14. The cutting blades 11, 16 face each other, but
are laterally offset from each other.
[0108] The movable cutting blade 11 can be displaced relative to
the stationary cutting blade 16 along a cutting plane E, see FIG.
5.
[0109] With respect to the cutting plane E, the cutting blades 11,
16 (see FIG. 5, in which the cutting plane E is illustrated as a
line) are arranged laterally offset relative to one another. The
cutting blades 11, 16 can be moved past one another in this manner.
The movable cutting blade 11 is moved past the stationary cutting
blade 16 to the extent that the cutting edges 17, 18 overlap for
complete severance of an item to be cut 3.
[0110] The pivotable frame section 14 is attached to the stationary
frame section 13 so as to be capable of being pivoted about a bolt
19 which defines an axis x, see FIG. 5. The axis x is oriented
vertically to the cutting plane E. For this purpose, an end of the
pivotable frame section 14 seats between the plates of the
stationary frame section 13. The pivotable mount is provided by the
bolt 19, which extends through the plates of the stationary frame
section 13 and the assigned end of the pivotable frame section
14.
[0111] Due to the pivotability of the frame section 14 and the
stationary cutting blade 16 mounted thereon, a cutting process, in
which the cutting head 12 is initially placed around the item to be
cut 13 when the cutting head 12 is pivoted, can in particular be
executed in the case of a very long item to be cut 3 and/or as a
function of the locality, for example in the case of an installed
power cable 5.
[0112] As a result of pivoting the frame section 14 back into a
position in which the cutting edge 18 of the stationary cutting
blade 16 is located opposite to the cutting edge 17 of the movable
cutting blade 11 in the direction of displacement r thereof, the
cutting head 12 is closed after this.
[0113] The operating position shown in FIG. 2 can be fixed, for
example, in a hold-open position.
[0114] In the disclosure, a locking bolt 20, which is oriented
parallel to the bolt 19 and which can be displaced in axial
direction of the bolt, serves this purpose.
[0115] The locking bolt 20 is held and guided in the stationary
frame section 13 and has a handling collar 21, which can be seized
manually.
[0116] In a locked position, the locking bolt 20 extends through a
locking aperture 22 of the pivotable frame section 14 and has a
free end which extends into a receiving hole 23 in one of the
plates forming the stationary frame section 13.
[0117] The locking bolt 20 is spring-loaded towards this locked
position.
[0118] An unlocking for releasing the pivotable frame section 14
can be attained by powerfully displacing the locking bolt 20 in
axial direction thereof against the spring force, until the locking
bolt 20 leaves the locking aperture 22 of the pivotable frame
section 14. This allows the pivotable frame section 14 to pivot
relative to the stationary frame section 13 around bolt 19 as shown
in FIG. 13.
[0119] As illustrated in FIG. 13, the position of the locking bolt
20, in particular the locked position, can be registered in a
sensory manner by registering the position of the free end of the
locking bolt 20, which faces away from the handling collar 21, in
the receiving hole 23. For this purpose, a corresponding sensor 24,
see FIG. 13, can be arranged in the region of the receiving hole
23. This can be a proximity sensor or also a contact sensor.
[0120] Provision can furthermore be made on the stationary frame
section 13 for a further handle 25.
[0121] The cutting device 2 or device 1, respectively, is provided
with a measuring device 61 which includes an electrical measuring
probe 26 and an evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 which
are electrically connected together.
[0122] As is illustrated, the measuring probe 26 may be embodied as
a spike 62 having an insulative sheath 64 surrounding the portions
of which are to remain electrically isolated from the cutting
device 2 or device 1, and a spike tip 65 having a portion thereof
which remains exposed. The insulative sheath 64 may be formed of
ceramic. The spike tip 65 is conductive. As shown in FIG. 10, the
spike 62 has a cylindrical section 66 having a cone 67 attached to
an end of the cylindrical section 66. The spike tip 65 is formed by
part of the cone 67. The insulative sheath 64 surrounds the
cylindrical section 66 and part of the cone 67. As shown in FIG.
20, the insulative sheath 64 only surrounds the cylindrical section
66 and the spike tip 65 is formed by the cone 67. In FIG. 21, the
insulative sheath 64 extends along a majority of the cylindrical
section 66, but leaves an outer shoulder 68 of the cylindrical
section 66 exposed. The spike tip 65 is formed by the cone 67 and
the shoulder 68. FIGS. 22A and 22B show that the spike 62 has a
cylindrical section 66 having a protruding spike tip 65 formed
therewith. The spike tip 65 has an outer surface 69 which is
planar, a first pair of opposing side surfaces 70a, 70b which are
radiused and curve inwardly from the cylindrical section 66 to the
outer surface 69, and a second pair of opposing side surfaces 71a,
71b which follow along the line of an imaginary cylinder. The
insulative sheath 64 surrounds the cylindrical section 66. The
radiused side surfaces may follow a single radius or multiple radii
which are joined together to form the respective side surface.
[0123] In the disclosure, the measuring probe 26 is provided on the
pivotable frame section 14. The measuring probe 26 is arranged in a
plane parallel to the cutting plane E, in particular facing the
side of the stationary cutting blade 16, which faces away from the
movable cutting blade 11.
[0124] The spike 62 of the measuring probe 26 is parallel to the
cutting plane E. The spike 62 is oriented such that the spike 62
faces toward the stationary cutting blade 16 when the cutting head
12 is closed. The spike 62 may be provided in the center of the
longitudinal extension of the cutting edge 18 of the cutting blade
16, wherein the spike 62 of the measuring probe 26 is directed in
repositioning direction of the movable cutting blade 11 in the
operating position, that is, when the cutting head 12 is
closed.
[0125] The measuring probe 26, in particular the spike tip 65,
projects freely beyond the cutting edge 18 of the cutting blade 16
into a cutting device aperture 27, which is formed between the
cutting edges 18 when the cutting head 12 is closed and the cutting
blades 11, 16 are not yet moved. Accordingly, the measuring probe
26, in particular the spike tip 65 thereof, is arranged upstream of
the stationary cutting blade 16 in the course of a cutting
process.
[0126] As shown, the measuring probe 26 is electrically connected
with the evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 via a line
28. The line 28 leads from the measuring probe 26 at least
partially through the pivotable frame section 14, if applicable
guided in a trough-like depression 30, which is embodied on a
broadside of the pivotable frame section 14. While a line 28 is
shown, it is to be understood that the measuring probe 26 may be
electrically connected with the evaluation and/or transmission
controller 29 via a wireless connection.
[0127] The evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 includes,
amongst other components, a transceiver, a processor, software,
memory, digital logic, for carrying out its functions.
[0128] The evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 is fastened
to the pivotable frame section 14, and may be fastened to the side
of the stationary cutting blade 16, which faces away from the
measuring probe 26.
[0129] The evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 can
furthermore be positioned on the pivotable frame section 14 in such
a manner that the movable cutting blade 11 moves underneath
evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 in the course of a
cutting process.
[0130] The evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 may have
its own power supply. For this purpose, provision can be made in
the evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 for a battery or
an accumulator, for example.
[0131] According to an aspect of the disclosure, the measuring
probe 26, in particular the spike 62, which is electrically
connected with the line 28, is embodied as electrical conductor,
which is in contact with the evaluation and/or transmission
controller 29 via the line 28. A measuring value is registered in
the evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 and is evaluated
to determine whether this measuring value corresponds to or exceeds
a predetermined maximum. A signal, which is sent out via the
evaluation and/or transmission controller 29, is generated as a
function of the evaluation result.
[0132] The evaluation and/or transmission controller 29 can
transfer the signal to a receiving controller 31, see FIG. 1, via
radio. In the alternative, for example in the event of an
additional electrical supply of the cutting device 2 via the
control device 7, if applicable, the signal can also be forwarded
to the control device 7 via an additionally provided data line or
by modulation.
[0133] In the event of a radio transmission, the control device 7
has a corresponding receiving controller 31.
[0134] Furthermore, the evaluation and/or transmission controller
29 can also evaluate a locking signal from the sensor 24. Provision
can thus be made for a cutting process to be released only in the
event of a generation of a corresponding locking signal which is
generated when cutting head 12 is closed and is locked via locking
bolt 20. In this case, the cutting device 2 can be activated via
the activation switch 9 only by registering the locking signal
transmitted via the evaluation and/or transmission controller
29.
[0135] A successful completion of the cutting process can also be
detected by the evaluation and/or transmission controller 29. The
end position of the movable cutting blade 11 illustrated in FIG.
11, for example, in which the cutting edge 17 of the movable
cutting blade 11 is moved completely beyond the cutting edge 18 of
the stationary cutting blade 16, can thus be detected. For this
purpose, the movable cutting blade 11 can have a passive sensor 32,
see FIG. 12, which can be interrogated by an active sensor 33, see
FIG. 11, here by the evaluation and/or transmission controller
29.
[0136] As shown in FIG. 12, the passive sensor 32 may be formed as
a RFID unit, which is arranged on an edge surface of the movable
cutting blade 11, which faces the evaluation and/or transmission
controller 29.
[0137] The passive sensor 32 illustrated in FIG. 12 can also be a
reflector unit, which reflects light emitted by the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29 for the detection of the cutting
blade position.
[0138] A correspondingly generated signal in the event of the
registration of the passive sensor 32 triggers an optical or
acoustic signal, for example, which conveys to the user that the
cutting process has ended. In the alternative or as a combination
to this, an automatic return of the movable cutting blade 11 can
also be triggered.
[0139] A measurement with regard to the electrical load of the
power cable 5 is executed by the measuring probe 26 in the course
of the severance of a power cable 5 for the transmission of high
voltage.
[0140] As best shown in FIG. 10, the power cable 5 has internal
conductors 57, for example copper conductors, which are embodied
for guiding voltage, which are embedded in an insulating material
58 and which are surrounded by it. As a whole, the conductors 57
and the insulating material 58 can be surrounded by an insulating
layer 59 (for example including cross-linked polyethylene or
rubber).
[0141] A conductive sheath 36 surrounds the outside of the
insulating layer 59.
[0142] A screening layer 35 surrounds the outside of the conductive
sheath 36. The screening layer can include, for example, a
plurality of spaced apart copper wires 60, which are tin-plated, if
applicable.
[0143] A cable sheath 34 forms an outer surface of the power cable
5 surrounding it on the outside. The cable sheath 34 includes a
cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and mechanically protects the
screening layer 35 located therebelow.
[0144] In the course of moving the movable cutting blade 11
forward, the power cable 5, which is seated within the cutting
device aperture 27, is displaced out of a retracted initial
position and is moved towards the fixed cutting blade 13 and
towards the measuring probe 26. Upon the further movement of the
cutting blade 11, the cutting blade 11 applies pressure on the
power cable 5 and cuts the power cable 5 until the cutting blade 11
contacts the screening layer 35 to electrically couple the
screening layer 35 and the cutting blade 11 together. When the
measuring probe 26 contacts the power cable 5, the measuring probe
26 penetrates the cable sheath 34 and the screening layer 35 (or
the spike 62 of the measuring probe 26 may pass between adjacent
wires 60 which form the screening layer 35) and the tip 65 of the
electrically conductive spike 62 penetrates into the conductive
sheath 36 to electrically couple the conductive sheath 36 and the
spike 62 of the measuring probe 26
[0145] The fixed cutting blade 16 is shifted backwards relative to
the measuring probe 26 such that the fixed cutting blade 16 does
not contact the screening layer 35.
[0146] A continuous voltage measurement is made between the
measuring probe 26 and the device ground via the cutting blade 11
during the cutting process.
[0147] The cutting process runs such that an outer layer of the
power cable 5, the cable sheath 34, is severed at two locations in
a first step. These two locations can be at located opposite one
another relative to the power cable 5, as is also illustrated in
the FIGURES. On principle, two adjacent locations across the length
of the power cable 5 can also be used for this purpose.
[0148] The severance of an outer layer, in particular of the cable
sheath 34, has the effect or is executed to the extent,
respectively, that the cutting blade 11 is in contact with the
wires 60 of the screening layer 35. The wires 60 are arranged below
the outer layer, thus below the cable sheath 34 or on the inside of
the cable sheath 34, respectively.
[0149] A cut is made into the power cable 5 by the measuring probe
26, namely to the extent that the wires 60 are cut through and that
the measuring probe 26 contacts the sheath 36. A resistance
measurement is then executed between the measuring probe 26 and the
device ground via the cutting blade 11 which is electrically
coupled to the screening layer 35.
[0150] Finally, a voltage measurement between the measuring probe
26 when in contact with the conductive sheath 36 and the device
ground via the cutting blade 11 when in contact with the screening
layer 35 is executed. In the event that a voltage can be measured
hereby, the power cable 5 is under voltage, thus "live".
[0151] Accordingly, a power cable 5, which is under high voltage,
leads to a measurable voltage at the screening layer 35.
[0152] A high voltage loaded power cable 5 leads to a measurable
voltage at the screening layer 35 to ground or against the cutting
blade 11 in the millivolt or single-digit Volt range.
[0153] In the event of the determination of a corresponding
voltage, if applicable in the event of the determination of a
predetermined maximum voltage and corresponding evaluation, a
signal is generated and is transmitted directly to the device 1 or
to the control device 7 via the evaluation and/or transmission
controller 29. An optical or acoustic signal can be emitted, which
is to prompt the user to terminate the cutting process. The signal
triggers an automatic termination of the cutting process, if
applicable a subsequent return of the movable cutting blade 11 into
the initial position wherein the cutting blade 11 is disengaged
from the power cable 5.
[0154] If applicable, the signals transmitted to the control device
7 can be recorded in the control device 7.
[0155] Provision can also be made in the control device 7 for a
display, on which measuring values of the measuring probe 26 are
continually illustrated in a graphic manner.
[0156] In particular, in the event of a cutting of electrical power
cables 5, but furthermore also in the case of another item to be
cut 3, it is necessary to push the item to be cut 3 transverse to
the direction of displacement r towards a central region of both
cutting blades 11 and 16 in relation to the direction of
displacement r of the movable cutting blade 11. In particular, in
the case of the arrangement of the measuring probe 26 and of a
cutting of the power cable 5, which is to be carried out, a guided
displacement of the power cable 5 towards the centrally arranged
measuring probe 26 is advantageous in the case of a power cable 5,
which has a smaller cross-section than the cutting device aperture
27, so as to be able to correctly execute a voltage test, which is
provided as described above.
[0157] As shown in FIGS. 1-13, the cutting head 12, in particular
the pivotable frame section 14, is provided with two positioning
parts 37, 38. The positioning parts 37, 38 are hinged in a
pivotably movable manner proximate to the ends of the pivotable
frame section 14, on the flat side of the frame section 14, which
faces away from the evaluation and/or transmission controller 29,
wherein the pivot axis of the positioning parts 37, 38 runs
parallel to the pivot axis x of the frame section 14.
[0158] Bolts 39, 40 are mounted on the pivotable frame section 14.
The positioning parts 37, 38 are guided on the bolts 39, 40 and are
loaded via springs 41, 42 in an initial position, which is
stop-limited.
[0159] Starting at the bolts 39 and 40, the positioning parts 37,
38 extend so as to be curved in the shape of a segment of a circle
in relation to a projection towards the cutting plane E, with the
spike 62 of the measuring probe 26 seated between the positioning
parts 37, 38 such that the spike 62 is within the cutting device
aperture 27. The curvature of the positioning parts 37, 38 is
oriented towards the movable cutting blade 11. Free ends of the
positioning parts 37, 38 are oriented towards the measuring probe
26.
[0160] A V-shaped constriction of the cutting device aperture 27 is
formed by the positioning parts 37, 38 and extends towards the
measuring probe 26. As a result, an item to be cut 3, for example a
power cable 5, is pushed automatically towards the centrally
oriented measuring probe 26 by slow displacement via the movable
cutting blade 11.
[0161] The positioning parts 37, 38 pivot and give way to the force
of the springs 41, 42 about the axes of the bolts 39, 40 in the
course of the execution of the cutting process.
[0162] FIG. 14 shows alternative positioning parts 37, 38. The
positioning parts 37, 38 have an axis which centrally intersects
the cutting device aperture 27 in the direction of displacement r.
The two positioning parts 37, 38 are arranged in the region of a
journal 43 of the pivotable frame section 14, which connects the
ends of the pivotable frame section 14, on both sides of this axis.
The measuring probe 26 is positioned on the journal 43 between the
positioning parts 37, 38. The positioning parts 37, 38 are
connected to journal 43 by bolts 39, 40 which extend through
support regions of the positioning parts 37, 38, and the
positioning parts are pivotable about axes through bolts 39, 40,
which run parallel to the pivot axis x herein.
[0163] The support regions of the positioning parts 37, 38 are
connected to one another in a gear-driven manner, in particular by
of gear wheels 44, 45. Accordingly, the pivot displacement of a
positioning part 37, 38 leads via the gear wheels 44, 45 to the
counter-directional orientation, which draws the same angle to the
central axis, of the other positioning part 38, 37.
[0164] The orientation of the positioning parts 37, 38, which run
in a V-shaped manner and which can thus be pre-adjusted by the
user, can be fixed via a screw 46. Provision can also be made at
the journal 43 for markings in the form of numbers, by a
pre-adjustment can be made so as to be matched to the outer
diameter dimensions of the item to be cut 3.
[0165] Provision can furthermore be made for only one positioning
part 37 as a carriage, which is supported in the direction of
displacement r of the movable cutting blade 11 (see FIG. 15).
[0166] The positioning part 37 of the embodiment in FIG. 15 is
formed in a plate-shaped manner, hereby bears on a broadside of the
pivotable frame section 14, on the broadside, which faces away from
the evaluation and/or transmission controller 29.
[0167] The positioning part 37 has two elongated holes 47, 48,
which are oriented in the direction of displacement r and in which
guide pins 49, 50 are seated. The guide pins 49, 50 are attached to
the pivotable frame section 14. While the guide pins 49, 50 are
shown on the frame section 14 and the holes 47, 48 are shown as
provided on the positioning part 37, it is to be understood that
the guide pins 49, 50 can be provided on the positioning part 37
and the holes 47, 48 provided on the frame section 14.
[0168] This provides for a linear guide for the positioning part
37, wherein tension springs 51 acting on the positioning part 37 to
load the positioning part 37 towards the movable cutting blade
11.
[0169] An outer edge of the positioning part 37, which faces the
movable cutting blade 11, is formed as in a V-shape in relation to
the spike 62 into the cutting plane E, hereby in each case from the
outside towards the journal 43 of the pivotable frame section 14
rising towards the center of the positioning part 37.
[0170] An item to be cut 3, which is seated within the cutting
device aperture 27, is also pushed via the movable cutting blade 11
along the facing outer edges of the positioning part 37 to the
center of the cutting device aperture 27, wherein the positioning
part 37 is able to give way in the direction of displacement r in
the course of the cutting process.
[0171] While the positioning part 37 or positioning parts 37, 38
are shown as being provided on the frame section 14 which houses
the stationary cutting blade 16, it is to be understood that the
positioning part 37 or positioning parts 37, 38 may be provided on
frame section 13 which houses the movable cutting blade 11.
[0172] Provision can furthermore be made for an adapter 52, see
FIG. 16, for centering an item to be cut 3 in the cutting device
aperture 27.
[0173] The adapter 52 is a part which, as a whole, has the shape of
a pipe section, and is made of a material which can be cut quickly,
such as foam or soft plastic, for example. The adapter 52 may have
a circular layout.
[0174] The adapter 52 has an outer cross-sectional contour, which
is matched to the cross-sectional contour of the cutting device
aperture 27. The cross-sectional inner contour of the adapter 52 is
matched or, due to the material selection, can be matched to the
outer cross-section of the item to be cut 3 (here of a power cable
5; see FIGS. 16-18).
[0175] The adapter 52 may be formed in two parts, wherein both
parts substantially form half shells 53. For pivoting and for
surrounding the item to be cut 3, the half shells 53 can be
connected with one another, for example via a hinge-like bond seam
54 (see FIG. 19).
[0176] According to FIG. 16, the half shells 53 can alternatively
have pins 55, which project beyond the parting plane of the adapter
52, for positive accommodation in correspondingly embodied grooves
56. This can be a dove tail-like undercut.
[0177] As can be seen in particular from the illustration in FIG.
18, the centered arrangement of an item to be cut 3 can be attained
in the cutting device aperture 27 by using such an adapter 52. This
leads to a favorable cross-section.
[0178] When cutting a power cable 5, it is furthermore ensured that
a corresponding measuring probe 26, which is positioned in the
center, securely penetrates the power cable 5 after penetrating the
adapter 52 in the course of the cutting process for penetrating
into the conductive sheath 36 so as to test the voltage.
[0179] The adapter 52 is severed in the course of the cutting
process.
[0180] The spike 62 of the measuring probe 26 can be embodied as
the cutting blade 16 having an insulative sheath (not shown), like
that of insulative sheath 64, surrounding the portions of which are
to remain electrically isolated from the cutting device 2 or device
1, with the cutting edge 18 remaining exposed and forming the spike
tip, like that of spike tip 65. Like that of insulative sheath 64,
the insulative sheath partially surrounding the cutting blade 16
may be formed of ceramic.
[0181] The sensors 24, 32, 33 are in communication with the
evaluation and/or transmission controller 29. Such communication
may be done via wires or wirelessly.
[0182] The above explanations serve to explain the disclosure,
which is captured by the application as a whole and which also
further develop the state of the art, in each case also
independently, at least by the following feature combinations,
namely:
[0183] A method for the severance of an electrical power cable 5
for the transmission of high voltage, and has a conductive sheath
36 and also a conductive screening layer 35, wherein during the
severance of the cable 5 a measurement is executed in terms of the
electrical load on the cable 5 by a measuring probe 26, and in the
event of registering an electrical load a signal is outputted from
the measuring probe 26.
[0184] A method, which is characterized in that the signal is an
optical, acoustic, or electrical signal.
[0185] A method, which is characterized in that the measurement is
executed with a measuring device connected with the cutting device
2.
[0186] A method, which is characterized in that the measurement is
executed repeatedly in the course of the severance.
[0187] A method, which is characterized in that in the event of
registering an impermissible electrical load on the cable 5 by the
signal the severance process is automatically terminated.
[0188] A method, which is characterized in that the strand section
4 is surrounded with an adapter 52, which is matched to the
aperture dimension of the cutting device aperture 27, and in that
the adapter 52 is then introduced with the strand section 4 into
the cutting device aperture 27.
[0189] A method, which is characterized in that the adapter 52 is
destroyed in the course of the severance of the strand section
4.
[0190] A device, which is characterized in that the device 1 is in
operative connection with an evaluation and/or transmission
controller 29 for purposes of interrogating the electrical load on
the cable 5, and the severance process can be interrupted as a
function of a signal outputted from the evaluation and/or
transmission controller 29.
[0191] A device, which is characterized in that the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29 communicates with a measuring
probe 26, which penetrates into the insulation sheath 36 of the
cable 5 in the course of a severance.
[0192] A device, which is characterized in that the measuring probe
26 is formed as a spike 62.
[0193] A device, which is characterized in that the measuring probe
26 is arranged opposite a movable cutting blade 11.
[0194] A device, which is characterized in that the measuring probe
26 is assigned to a stationary cutting blade 16.
[0195] A device, which is characterized in that the measuring probe
26 is electrically connected with the evaluation and/or
transmission controller 29.
[0196] A device, which is characterized in that the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29 is arranged remotely from the
measuring probe 26.
[0197] A device, which is characterized in that the device 1 has a
cutting head 12, which surrounds the cable 5 completely.
[0198] A device, which is characterized in that the cutting head 12
can be opened.
[0199] A device, which is characterized in that the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29 is arranged on the cutting head
12.
[0200] A device, which is characterized in that the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29 is arranged laterally displaced
from a traverse path of the movable cutting blade 11.
[0201] A device, which is characterized in that in the closed
position the cutting head 12 can be locked by a locking bolt
20.
[0202] A device, which is characterized in that the position of the
locking bolt 20 can be registered via a sensor 24.
[0203] A device, which is characterized in that the position of the
locking bolt 20 can be registered and evaluated in the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29.
[0204] A device, which is characterized in that the movable cutting
blade 11 can be registered with regard to its position via a sensor
32, 33.
[0205] A device, which is characterized in that the movable cutting
blade 11 has a passive sensor 32.
[0206] A device, which is characterized in that the passive sensor
32 is a magnet, RFID unit and/or reflector unit.
[0207] A device, which is characterized in that the passive sensor
32 can be interrogated by an active sensor 33.
[0208] A device, which is characterized in that the active sensor
33 is accommodated in the controller 29.
[0209] A device, which is characterized in that the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29 includes software to evaluate
information received from the measuring probe 26.
[0210] A device, which is characterized in that the evaluation
and/or transmission controller 29 includes a transmitter.
[0211] A cutting device, which is characterized in that a
positioning part 37, 38 is mounted on the stationary cutting blade
16, which positioning part 37, 38, in the course of the traverse of
the movable cutting blade 11, pushes the item 3 to be cut towards a
central region of the movable cutting blade 11 with respect to an
extent transverse to the direction of displacement r of the movable
cutting blade 11.
[0212] A cutting device, which is characterized in that the
positioning parts 37, 38 can be pivoted.
[0213] A cutting device, which is characterized in that the
positioning part 37, 38 in total can be moved in a guided manner in
a direction of displacement r of the movable cutting blade 11.
[0214] A cutting device, which is characterized in that guidance is
provided for the positioning part 37, which includes one or a
plurality of elongated holes 47, 48 with therein running guide pins
49, 50.
[0215] A cutting device, which is characterized in that the
positioning part 37, 38 can be deflected counter to the direction
of displacement r of the movable cutting blade 11 in the course of
a cutting operation.
[0216] A cutting device, which is characterized in that two
positioning parts 37, 38 are arranged.
[0217] A cutting device, which is characterized in that the
positioning parts 37, 38 are arranged in a V-shape.
[0218] A cutting device, which is characterized in that the
positioning part 37, 38 is attached to the fixed cutting blade
16.
[0219] An adapter 52, which is characterized in that the adapter 52
is formed from a material that can be cut easily, such as foam,
plastic, such as, in particular, soft plastic, or balsa wood, and
that the adapter 52 is formed in two parts, wherein the parts can
be connected with one another for purposes of pivoting.
[0220] An adapter 52, which is characterized in that the adapter 52
has an essentially circular layout with respect to a view in which
a geometric axis of an aperture of the adapter 52 for the passage
of the item 3 to be cut is in the form of a point.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0221] 1 device [0222] 2 cutting device [0223] 3 item to be cut
[0224] 4 strand section [0225] 5 power cable [0226] 6 trench [0227]
7 control device [0228] 8 hydraulic hose [0229] 9 activation switch
[0230] 10 piston [0231] 11 movable cutting blade [0232] 12 cutting
head [0233] 13 frame section [0234] 14 frame section [0235] 15
handling section [0236] 16 cutting blade [0237] 17 cutting edge
[0238] 18 cutting edge [0239] 19 bolt [0240] 20 locking bolt [0241]
21 handling collar [0242] 22 locking aperture [0243] 23 receiving
hole [0244] 24 sensor [0245] 25 handle [0246] 26 measuring probe
[0247] 27 cutting device aperture [0248] 28 line [0249] 29
evaluation and/or transmission controller [0250] 30 depression
[0251] 31 receiving controller [0252] 32 passive sensor [0253] 33
active sensor [0254] 34 cable sheath [0255] 35 screening layer
[0256] 36 conductive sheath [0257] 37 positioning part [0258] 38
positioning part [0259] 39 bolt [0260] 40 bolt [0261] 41 spring
[0262] 42 spring [0263] 43 journal [0264] 44 gear wheel embodiment
[0265] 45 gear wheel embodiment [0266] 46 screw [0267] 47 elongated
hole [0268] 48 elongated hole [0269] 49 guide pin [0270] 50 guide
pin [0271] 51 tension spring [0272] 52 adapter [0273] 53 half shell
[0274] 54 bond seam [0275] 55 pin [0276] 56 groove [0277] 57
conductor [0278] 58 insulating material [0279] 59 insulating layer
[0280] 60 wire [0281] 62 spike [0282] 64 insulative sheath [0283]
65 spike tip [0284] 66 cylindrical section [0285] 67 cone [0286] 68
outer shoulder [0287] 69 outer surface [0288] 70a, 70b opposing
side surfaces [0289] 71a, 71b opposing side surfaces [0290] r
direction of displacement [0291] x axis [0292] E cutting plane
* * * * *