U.S. patent application number 15/409113 was filed with the patent office on 2017-12-28 for apparatus for reducing windage loss of steam turbines.
The applicant listed for this patent is DOOSAN HEAVY INDUSTRIES CONSTRUCTION CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Sang Wook KANG, Je Young LEE, Seung Chul LEE, Hyun Woo SON, Seong Jong YANG.
Application Number | 20170370252 15/409113 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59021269 |
Filed Date | 2017-12-28 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20170370252 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LEE; Je Young ; et
al. |
December 28, 2017 |
APPARATUS FOR REDUCING WINDAGE LOSS OF STEAM TURBINES
Abstract
An apparatus for reducing windage loss of steam turbines
according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is to reduce
or minimize damage to a blade caused by a rise in temperature at an
outlet stage of a high-pressure turbine.
Inventors: |
LEE; Je Young; (Busan,
KR) ; YANG; Seong Jong; (Gyeongsangnam-do, KR)
; KANG; Sang Wook; (Gyeongsangnam-do, KR) ; SON;
Hyun Woo; (Gyeonggi-do, KR) ; LEE; Seung Chul;
(Seoul, KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
DOOSAN HEAVY INDUSTRIES CONSTRUCTION CO., LTD. |
Gyeongsangnam-do |
|
KR |
|
|
Family ID: |
59021269 |
Appl. No.: |
15/409113 |
Filed: |
January 18, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F01K 11/02 20130101;
F01K 1/04 20130101; F01K 7/16 20130101; F01K 13/025 20130101; F01K
13/02 20130101; F01K 13/003 20130101; Y02E 20/14 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F01K 13/02 20060101
F01K013/02; F01K 11/02 20060101 F01K011/02; F01K 7/16 20060101
F01K007/16; F01K 13/00 20060101 F01K013/00; F01K 1/04 20060101
F01K001/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 27, 2016 |
KR |
10-2016-0080323 |
Claims
1. An apparatus, comprising: a turbine unit including a
high-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure turbine, and a
low-pressure turbine; a condenser that receives steam from the
low-pressure turbine; a tank in which steam generated at the time
of operation of the turbine unit converts into condensed water and
is stored; a steam supplier that supplys additional steam to an
inlet stage of the high-pressure turbine; a sensor that senses the
temperature at the outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine and
internal pressure; and a controller configured to control an amount
of steam supplied by the steam supplier based on temperature or
pressure data sensed by the sensor.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the steam supplier includes an
extension pipe that extends between a second-stage turbine and a
third-stage turbine of the high-pressure turbine, a steam generator
that supplies steam to the extension pipe, and a first control
valve coupled to the extension pipe, an opening degree of the first
control valve being controlled by the controller.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the extension pipe is arranged
to suppls steam at a side of a turbine blade of the high-pressure
turbine and orthogonal to a shaft of the high-pressure turbine.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein an end formed of the extension
pipe includes a nozzle.
5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the extension pipe is arranged
to supple steam in a rotation direction of the high-pressure
turbine.
6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the extension pipe includes a
first extension pipe that extends toward a turbine blade in order
to supply steam in a rotation direction of the high-pressure
turbine, and a second extension pipe positioned opposite to the
first extension pipe to supply steam in the rotation direction of
the turbine blade.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a return pipe
through which the steam supplied to the inlet stage of the
high-pressure turbine is drained, a first end of the return pipe
being coupled to the outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine and
a second end of the return pipe being coupled to the tank.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the return pipe includes a
second control valve that controls an amount of drained steam.
9. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured
to control pressure of the steam supplied by the steam supplier
based on pressure data according to a pressure drop between the
second-stage turbine and the third-stage turbine.
10. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the steam supplier includes a
pressure controller configured to supply the additional steam to
the high-pressure turbine at a pressure determined by the
controller.
11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tank stores steam drained
from the medium-pressure turbine.
12. An apparatus, comprising: a turbine unit including a
high-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure turbine, and a
low-pressure turbine; a condenser that receives steam from the
low-pressure turbine; a tank in which steam generated at the time
of operation of the turbine unit convers into condensed water and
is stored; a steam supplier that supplies additional steam to an
inlet stage and an outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine; a
sensor that senses the temperature at the outlet stage of the
high-pressure turbine and internal pressure; and a controller
configured to control an amount of steam supplied by the steam
supplier by receiving data on the temperature and the pressure
sensed by the sensor.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the steam supplier includes
a first extension pipe that extends between a second-stage turbine
and a third-stage turbine of the high-pressure turbine, a second
extension pipe that extends toward a last stage of the
high-pressure turbine, and a steam generator that supplies steam to
the first and second extension pipes.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the steam supplier includes
at least one first control valve coupled to the first and second
extension pipes, an opening degree of the first control valve being
controlled by the controller.
15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the controller causes steam
to be simultaneously supplied by the first and second extension
pipes or causes steam to be selectively supplied by the first
extension pipe and the second extension pipes.
16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the controller is configured
to control a pressure of the steam supplied to the first extension
pipe and a pressure of the steam supplied to the second extension
pipe to be different from each other.
17. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a return pipe
through which the steam supplied to the inlet stage of the
high-pressure turbine is drained, a first end of the return pipe
being coupled to the outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine and
a second end of the return pipe being coupled to the tank.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent
Application No. 10-2016-0080323, filed on Jun. 27, 2016, the
disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an
apparatus for reducing or preventing windage loss of steam turbines
for reducing or minimizing damage to a blade caused by a rise in
temperature at an outlet stage of a high-pressure turbine due to
operation of the steam turbine.
[0003] Generally, steam is supplied to a heat supply and storage
tank after a high-pressure turbine. When a medium-pressure turbine
is started-up for cogeneration in a state in which a condenser is
not operated, the high-pressure turbine is rotated and a
temperature at an outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine rapidly
rises occurs. The rapid rise in temperature at the outlet stage may
be referred to as a windage loss phenomenon.
[0004] In a case in which the windage phenomenon is continued, a
turbine positioned at the last stage of the high-pressure turbine
that is heated as described above causes damage to a bucket.
[0005] The bucket positioned at the stage corresponds to, for
example, a sixth-stage turbine or a seventh-stage turbine among
multiple turbines in the high-pressure turbine. When the turbine
positioned at the stage is damaged, operation thereof needs to be
stopped.
[0006] In particular, since when the cogeneration is simultaneously
performed, district heating may also be stopped at the same time, a
method capable of reducing or minimizing the windage loss for
stable operation of the high-pressure turbine and stable
cogeneration, is needed.
BRIEF SUMMARY
[0007] An object of the present disclosure is to provide an
apparatus for reducing or preventing windage loss of steam turbines
capable of reducing or minimizing damage to a last-stage bucket
caused by the windage loss in a high-pressure turbine under a
condition that the high-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure
turbine, and a heat supply and storage tank are started-up.
[0008] In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure,
there is provided an apparatus for reducing or preventing windage
loss of steam turbines, including: a turbine unit including a
high-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure turbine, and a
low-pressure turbine; a condenser in which steam passing through
the low-pressure turbine is supplied and heat-exchanged; a tank
unit in which steam generated at the time of operation of the
turbine unit is converted into condensed water after being
condensed, and stored; a steam supplier supplying additional steam
to an inlet stage of the high-pressure turbine to reduce or
minimize a rapid rise in temperature at an outlet stage of the
high-pressure turbine due to speed-up of the medium-pressure
turbine under a condition that the condenser is not operated; a
sensor sensing the temperature at the outlet stage of the
high-pressure turbine and internal pressure; and a controller
controlling an amount of steam supplied by the steam supplier by
receiving data on the temperature and the pressure sensed by the
sensor.
[0009] The steam supplier may include an extension pipe extending
toward between a second-stage turbine and a third-stage turbine
among turbines configuring the high-pressure turbine, a steam
generator supplying steam to the extension pipe, and a first
control valve positioned at any extended position of the extension
pipe and of which an opening degree is controlled by the
controller.
[0010] The extension pipe may supply steam at a side of a turbine
blade provided in the high-pressure turbine in a state in which the
extension pipe is orthogonal to a shaft of the high-pressure
turbine.
[0011] The extension pipe may have an end formed in a nozzle
form.
[0012] The extension pipe may supply steam in a rotation direction
of the high-pressure turbine.
[0013] The extension pipe may include a first extension pipe
extending toward a turbine blade in order to supply steam in a
rotation direction of the high-pressure turbine, and a second
extension pipe positioned opposite to the first extension pipe and
extending to supply steam in the rotation direction of the turbine
blade.
[0014] The apparatus may further include a return pipe of which one
end is connected to the outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine
and the other end is connected to the tank unit, and through which
the steam supplied to the inlet stage of the high-pressure turbine
is drained.
[0015] The return pipe may include a second control valve
controlling an amount of drained steam.
[0016] The controller may control pressure of the steam supplied by
the steam supplier based on pressure data according to pressure
drop between the second-stage turbine and the third-stage
turbine.
[0017] The steam supplier may further include a pressure controller
installed at the extension pipe in order to supply the additional
steam supplied to the high-pressure turbine at different pressure
by the controller.
[0018] Steam drained from the medium-pressure turbine may be stored
in a heat supply and storage tank in which heating water for
heating is stored.
[0019] In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure,
there is provided an apparatus for reducing or preventing windage
loss of steam turbines, including: a turbine unit including a
high-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure turbine, and a
low-pressure turbine; a condenser in which steam passing through
the low-pressure turbine is supplied and heat-exchanged; a tank
unit in which steam generated at the time of operation of the
turbine unit is converted into condensed water after being
condensed, and stored; a steam supplier supplying additional steam
to an inlet stage and an outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine
to reduce or minimize a rapid rise in temperature at an outlet
stage of the high-pressure turbine due to speed-up of the
medium-pressure turbine under a condition that the condenser is not
operated; a sensor sensing the temperature at the outlet stage of
the high-pressure turbine and internal pressure; and a controller
controlling an amount of steam supplied by the steam supplier so as
not to generate damage at the outlet stage by receiving data on the
temperature and the pressure sensed by the sensor.
[0020] The steam supplier may include a first extension pipe
extending toward between a second-stage turbine and a third-stage
turbine among turbines configuring the high-pressure turbine, a
third extension pipe extending toward the last stage of the
high-pressure turbine, and a steam generator supplying steam to the
first and third extension pipes.
[0021] The steam supplier may further include a first control valve
positioned at any extended position of the first and third
extension pipes and of which an opening degree is controlled by the
controller.
[0022] The controller may perform a control to simultaneously
supply steam to the first and third extension pipes or to supply
the steam to any one of the first extension pipe and the third
extension pipe.
[0023] When the steam is simultaneously supplied to the first and
third extension pipes, the controller may control pressure of the
steam supplied to the first extension pipe and pressure of the
steam supplied to the third extension pipe to be different from
each other.
[0024] The apparatus may further include a return pipe of which one
end is connected to the outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine
and the other end is connected to the tank unit, and through which
the steam supplied to the inlet stage of the high-pressure turbine
is drained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] The above and other objects, features and other advantages
of the present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the
following detailed description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
[0026] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus for reducing
or preventing windage loss of steam turbines according to a first
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an extension
pipe according to the first embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another example of an
extension pipe according to the first embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a controller and a
peripheral structure associated with the controller according to
the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating operation of the apparatus
for reducing or preventing windage loss of steam turbines according
to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus for reducing
or preventing windage loss of steam turbines according to a second
embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating operation of the apparatus
for reducing or preventing windage loss of steam turbines according
to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating operation of the apparatus
for reducing or preventing windage loss of steam turbines according
to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be
described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying
drawings. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in
different forms and should not be construed as limited to the
embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are
provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and
will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those
skilled in the art.
[0035] An apparatus fore reducing or preventing windage loss of
steam turbines according to a first embodiment of the present
disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1
is a diagram illustrating an apparatus for reducing or preventing
windage loss of steam turbines according to a first embodiment of
the present disclosure, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating
various examples of an extension pipe according to the first
embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram
illustrating a controller and a peripheral structure associated
with the controller according to the first embodiment of the
present disclosure.
[0036] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, an apparatus for reducing or
preventing windage loss of steam turbines according to the present
embodiment is to reduce or minimize damage to a last-stage bucket
of a high-pressure turbine 110 caused by the windage loss by
supplying additional steam such that a temperature at a specific
position does not rapidly rises in a state in which there is no
steam in the high-pressure turbine 110 using the steam.
[0037] Further, according to the present disclosure,
high-temperature steam of which a temperature is decreased by
passing through a turbine unit 100 is reused as a heat source for
cogeneration, thereby improving energy reuse efficiency.
[0038] The apparatus for reducing or preventing windage loss of
steam turbines according to the present disclosure includes the
turbine unit 100, a condenser 200, a tank unit 300, a steam
supplier 400, a sensor 500, and a controller 600.
[0039] The turbine unit 100 includes the high-pressure turbine 110,
a medium-pressure turbine 120, and a low-pressure turbine 130, and
may transfer rotational force to a generator 2 since the generator
2 is connected to a shaft of the high-pressure turbine 110.
[0040] The high-pressure turbine 110 includes, for example, a
first-stage turbine to n+1-th-stage turbine, for example, a
first-stage turbine to a seventh-stage turbine. A clutch 3
controlling connection and disconnection of the rotational force to
the low-pressure turbine 130 is installed in the shaft connecting
between the medium-pressure turbine 120 and the low-pressure
turbine 130.
[0041] The condenser 200 is positioned below the low-pressure
turbine 130 and has a heat exchange pipe extending and bent at a
predetermined length while passing through the condenser 200
multiple times. In the condenser 200, when the steam of the
low-pressure turbine 130 is supplied, the steam is changed into
medium-temperature steam through heat exchange.
[0042] The tank unit 300 which is a tank storing steam discharged
from an outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine 110, may have
a predetermined size and the predetermined number.
[0043] In the tank unit 300, the steam generated at the time of
operation of the high-pressure turbine 110 of the turbine unit 100
is converted into condensed water after being condensed, and
stored.
[0044] The steam supplier 400 supplies additional steam to an inlet
stage 111 of the high-pressure turbine 110 to reduce or minimize a
rapid rise in temperature at the outlet stage 112 of the
high-pressure turbine 110 due to speed-up of the medium-pressure
turbine under a condition that the condenser 200 is not
operated.
[0045] The steam supplier 400 includes an extension pipe 410
extending toward between a second-stage turbine and a third-stage
turbine among the turbines of the high-pressure turbine 110, a
steam generator 420 supplying steam to the extension pipe 410, and
a first control valve 430 positioned at any extended position of
the extension pipe 410 and of which an opening degree is controlled
by the controller 600.
[0046] The extension pipe 410 extends between the second-stage
turbine and the third-stage turbine while passing through an
inspection hole pre-formed to inspect between the second-stage
turbine and the third-stage turbine in an outer casing forming an
appearance of the high-pressure turbine 110.
[0047] The extension pipe 410 is a pipe or a tube having a general
circular cross-section and includes a heat insulation pad for heat
insulation at an outer circumferential surface to reduce or
minimize heat loss, thereby reducing or minimizing heat loss to the
outside even when the steam is supplied.
[0048] As the steam generator 420, for example, a boiler unit is
used to supply steam to the extension pipe 410, and the boiler unit
includes a main boiler and an auxiliary boiler. The main boiler
supplies steam to the extension pipe 410, and when the main boiler
is broken down or malfunctions, the auxiliary boiler is operated,
thereby stably supplying the steam to the extension pipe 410.
[0049] It is to be noted that the steam generator 420 may also be
configured to include a component generating steam other than the
above-described boiler unit.
[0050] The additional steam is supplied through the extension pipe
410, and thus is moved to the outlet stage 112 at which stagnant
high temperature is maintained and then causes flow of fluid to
move to a return pipe 50 to be described below together with gas
having high-temperature heat energy, thereby reducing or preventing
a phenomenon that the temperature at the outlet stage 112 is
overheated, and maintaining a circulation state of the steam.
[0051] Therefore, a phenomenon that the temperature rapidly rises
at the outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine 110 may be
reduced or minimized.
[0052] The first control valve 430 is provided to control an amount
of steam supplied to the high-pressure turbine 110 through the
extension pipe 410, and an opening degree thereof is selectively
controlled by the controller 600 to be described below.
[0053] Referring to FIG. 2, the extension pipe 410 according to the
present embodiment is disposed to supply steam at a side of a
turbine blade 114 provided in the high-pressure turbine 110 in a
state in which the extension pipe 410 is orthogonal to the shaft of
the high-pressure turbine 110.
[0054] The turbine blade 114 rotates in a specific direction. When
the high-pressure turbine 110 is rotated in a state in which there
is no steam, windage loss phenomenon that the temperature at the
outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine 110 is overheated may
occur.
[0055] According to the present embodiment, the extension pipe 410
extends toward the above-mentioned stage of the high-pressure
turbine 110 and an end thereof extends toward a direction in which
the turbine blade 114 rotates so that the steam is supplied in the
rotation direction of the turbine blade 114 to reduce or minimize
the windage loss phenomenon.
[0056] The end of the extension pipe 410 extending between the
second-stage turbine and the third-stage turbine of the
high-pressure turbine 110 may have a nozzle form, and in this case,
the nozzle may include a single nozzle or a plurality of
nozzles.
[0057] In the case in which the extension pipe 410 is configured in
the nozzle form, a discharge speed of the steam may be increased,
thereby allowing the steam to be supplied toward the second-stage
turbine and the third-stage turbine at a high speed.
[0058] Referring to FIG. 3 or 5, the extension pipe 400 according
to the present embodiment may include a first extension pipe 412
and a second extension pipe 414 unlike the above-described
embodiment. The first and second extension pipes 412 and 414 are
illustrated in order to assist in understanding of the description
by way of example, thus are not necessarily limited to the form
illustrated in the drawings.
[0059] However, disposition thereof may be similar to that
illustrated in the drawings, and the number thereof may also be
changed.
[0060] The state in which there is no steam in the high-pressure
turbine 110 may not be maintained by supplying the steam to the
turbine blade 114 through the first and second extension pipes 412
and 414.
[0061] The first extension pipe 412 extends toward the turbine
blade 114 in order to supply the steam in the rotation direction of
the high-pressure turbine 110, and the second extension pipe 414 is
positioned opposite to the first extension pipe 412 and extends to
supply the steam in the rotation direction of the turbine blade
114.
[0062] The disposition of the first and second extension pipes 412
and 414 may be variously changed without being limited to the
layout illustrated in the drawings. For example, the first
extension pipe 412 may extend toward the 12 o'clock direction from
the left side and the second extension pipe 414 may extend toward
the 6 o'clock direction from the lower right side, based on a front
surface of the high-pressure turbine 110.
[0063] In this case, the steam sprayed toward the turbine blade 114
from the first extension pipe 412 and the steam sprayed toward the
turbine blade 114 from the second extension pipe 414 are supplied
respectively in the directions shown by arrows and the turbine
blade 114 rotates in a dotted line arrow direction.
[0064] Here, in the turbine blade 114, a position where the
additional steam is supplied through the first extension pipe 412
and a position where the addition steam is supplied through the
second extension pipe 414 are different from each other. However,
the additional steam may be easily moved to the outlet stage 112
along an axis direction in the high-pressure turbine 110 and the
additional steam moved to the outlet stage of the high-pressure
turbine 110 may forcibly move gas of which high temperature is
maintained to the outlet stage 112, thereby reducing or preventing
a rise in temperature at the outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure
turbine 110.
[0065] Accordingly, the last-stage bucket may be stably used
without being damaged due to windage loss at the outlet stage 112
of the high-pressure turbine 110.
[0066] According to the present embodiment, the apparatus for
reducing or preventing windage loss of steam turbines includes the
return pipe 50 of which one end is connected to the outlet stage
112 of the high-pressure turbine 110 and the other end is connected
to the tank unit 300, and through which steam supplied to the inlet
stage 111 of the high-pressure turbine 110 is drained.
[0067] The return pipe 500 includes a second control valve 52
controlling an amount of drained steam. One return pipe 50 or a
plurality of return pipes 50 may be provided, and the number of the
return pipe 50 is not particularly limited. Further, the additional
steam is mixed and drained together with the high temperature gas
moved to the outlet stage 112.
[0068] Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the sensor 500 according to the
present embodiment includes a temperature sensor for sensing the
temperature at the outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine
110.
[0069] The temperature sensor is not damaged and stably operated
under high temperature condition, and a pressure sensor sensing
internal pressure may be provided together with the temperature
sensor.
[0070] Data on temperature sensed by the sensor 500 is transmitted
to the controller 600, and the controller 600 controls the steam
supplier 400.
[0071] For example, the controller 600 controls pressure of steam
supplied by the steam supplier 400 based on pressure data according
to pressure drop between the second-stage turbine and the
third-stage turbine.
[0072] In the high-pressure turbine 110, as the stage number
increases from the first-stage turbine to the n+1-th-stage turbine,
the pressure drop occurs, and the controller 600 may perform a
control for pressure compensation for additional steam that is
additionally supplied according to the pressure drop, such that it
is possible to provide steam while maintaining optimal pressure.
The steam pressure may be easily controlled as described above by
inputting, to the controller 600, the pressure drop according to
the stage number from the first-stage turbine to the n+1-th-stage
turbine using pressure data values provided to a manufacturer of
the turbine in advance.
[0073] For example, as the stage number is changed between the
second-stage turbine and the third-stage turbine, pressure
difference due to the pressure drop is generated between the
second-stage turbine and the third-stage turbine. Pressure of the
additional steam supplied through the extension pipe 410 may be
controlled according to the corresponding stage number of the
high-pressure turbine 110 in consideration of variables according
to the pressure drop, and the additional steam may be supplied at
the controlled pressure, thus the additional steam may easily move
to the outlet stage 112.
[0074] The steam supplier 400 includes a pressure controller 700
installed at the extension pipe 410 in order to supply the
additional steam supplied to the high-pressure turbine at different
pressure by the controller 600. The pressure controller 700 may be
configured as a separate valve, and the number thereof is not
particularly limited. Further, the supply pressure of the
additional steam may be easily controlled by the pressure
controller 700, thereby minimizing windage loss of the
high-pressure turbine 110.
[0075] Steam drained from the medium-pressure turbine 120 is stored
in a heat supply and storage tank 800 in which heating water for
district heating is stored. The heat supply and storage tank 800,
which is provided for cogeneration, stores high-temperature steam,
and is connected with a separate pipe to supply the
high-temperature steam to a district requiring heating.
[0076] An apparatus for reducing or preventing windage loss of
steam turbines according to a second embodiment of the present
disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0077] Referring to FIGS. 6 to 8, an apparatus for reducing or
preventing windage loss of steam turbines according to a second
embodiment of the present disclosure includes a turbine unit 100
including a high-pressure turbine 110, a medium-pressure turbine
120, and a low-pressure turbine 130, a condenser 200 in which steam
passing through the low-pressure turbine 130 is supplied and
heat-exchanged, a tank unit 300 in which steam generated at the
time of operation of the turbine unit 100 is converted into
condensed water after being condensed, and stored, a steam supplier
4000 supplying additional steam to an inlet stage 111 and an outlet
stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine 110 to minimize a rapid rise
in temperature at the outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine
110 due to speed-up of the medium-pressure turbine 120 under a
condition that the condenser 200 is not operated, a sensor 500
sensing the temperature at the outlet stage 112 of the
high-pressure turbine and internal pressure, and a controller 600
controlling an amount of steam supplied by the steam supplier 4000
so as not to generate damage at the outlet stage 112 by receiving
data on the temperature and the pressure sensed by the sensor
500.
[0078] The apparatus for reducing or preventing windage loss of
steam turbines according to the present embodiment is to reduce or
minimize damage to a last-stage bucket of the high-pressure turbine
110 caused by the windage loss by discharging stagnant high
temperature gas together with additional steam by supplying the
additional steam such that a temperature does not rapidly rises in
a state in which there is no steam at the outlet stage of the
high-pressure turbine 110, when the turbine unit 100 is operated
using high-temperature steam generated in the steam turbine using
the steam.
[0079] In particular, according to the present embodiment, the
steam supplier 4000 extends toward the inlet stage 111 and the
outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine 110, respectively,
and the additional steam may be supplied to the inlet stage 111 and
the outlet stage 112 at the same time by the controller 600 to be
described below, or may be selectively supplied to any one of inlet
stage 111 and the outlet stage 112.
[0080] In this case, the problem caused by the windage loss may be
reduced or minimized by selecting supply position of the additional
steam based on a temperature state of the outlet stage 112 of the
high-pressure turbine 110.
[0081] Since main configurations of the present embodiment are
similar to those of the aforementioned first embodiment, the steam
supplier 4000 having different configuration will be mainly
described.
[0082] The steam supplier 4000 supplies additional steam to the
inlet stage 111 of the high-pressure turbine 110 to minimize a
rapid rise in temperature at the outlet stage 112 of the
high-pressure turbine 110 due to speed-up of the medium-pressure
turbine 120 under a condition that the condenser 200 is not
operated.
[0083] The steam supplier 400 includes a first extension pipe 4100
extending toward between a second-stage turbine and a third-stage
turbine among the turbines configuring the high-pressure turbine
110, a third extension pipe 4200 extending toward the last stage of
the high-pressure turbine 110, and a steam generator 4300 supplying
steam to the first and third extension pipes 4100 and 4200.
[0084] The first and third extension pipes 4100 and 4200 are pipes
or tubes having a general circular cross-section and include a heat
insulation pad (not illustrated) for heat insulation at an outer
circumferential surface to minimize heat loss, thereby reducing or
minimizing heat loss to the outside even when the steam is
supplied.
[0085] The heat insulation pad may reduce or minimize heat loss of
the additional steam generated from the steam generator 4300 by
blocking the heat loss to the outside when a temperature of the
outside air is maintained to be low.
[0086] As the steam generator 4300, a boiler unit for supplying
steam to the first and third extension pipes 4100 and 4200 is used,
and the boiler unit includes a main boiler and an auxiliary
boiler.
[0087] The first extension pipe 4100 extends toward between the
second-stage turbine and the third-stage turbine of the
high-pressure turbine 110, and the third extension pipe 4200
extends toward the last-stage turbine of the high-pressure turbine
110 or a turbine of a stage adjacent to the last stage.
[0088] Referring to FIG. 7, the controller 600 according to the
present embodiment may perform a control to simultaneously supply
steam to the first and third extension pipes 4100 and 4200 or to
supply the steam to any one of the first extension pipe 4100 and
the third extension pipe 4200.
[0089] When the controller 600 performs a control to simultaneously
supply the steam to the first and third extension pipes 4100 and
4200 extending toward the high-pressure turbine 110, a high
temperature state around the last-stage bucket of the high-pressure
turbine 110 may be changed to a low temperature state in the least
amount of time. In this case, a phenomenon that a bucket of the
outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine 110 may be reduced or
minimized, thereby improving safety and efficiency at the same
time.
[0090] Referring to FIG. 8, when the steam is simultaneously
supplied to the first and third extension pipes 4100 and 4200, the
controller 600 according to the present embodiment may control
pressure of the steam supplied to the first extension pipe 4100 and
pressure of the steam supplied to the third extension pipe 4200 to
be different from each other. For example, the pressure of the
additional steam supplied to the first extension pipe 4100 may be
higher than that of the additional steam supplied to the third
extension pipe 4200, thereby reducing or minimizing overheating
phenomenon due to windage loss.
[0091] The reason why the pressure of the additional steam supplied
to the first extension pipe 4100 is high is to maintain sufficient
pressure energy to be supplied to the last-stage turbine of the
high-pressure turbine 110.
[0092] The apparatus for reducing or preventing windage loss of
steam turbines includes a return pipe 50 of which one end is
connected to the outlet stage 112 of the high-pressure turbine 110
and the other end is connected to the tank unit 300, and through
which steam supplied to the inlet stage 111 of the high-pressure
turbine 110 is drained.
[0093] The steam supplier 4000 includes a first control valve 4400
positioned at any extended position of the first and third
extension pipes 4100 and 4200 and of which an opening degree is
controlled by the controller 600.
[0094] The first control valve 4400 is operated so that the opening
degree thereof is increased or decreased depending on an amount of
supplied additional steam, and thus is operated so that the
additional steam is supplied under optimal condition according to
the internal temperature and pressure of the high-pressure turbine
110.
[0095] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, it
is possible to stably reduce or prevent the windage loss phenomenon
that may be generated when the steam turbine including the heat
supply and storage tank is started-up, thereby reducing or
minimizing damage to the high-pressure turbine.
[0096] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure,
since the optimal amount of additional steam supplied to the
high-pressure turbine may be calculated and supplied, it is
possible to economically operate the turbine unit without operating
the condenser.
[0097] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure,
since additional steam may be supplied to the inlet stage and the
outlet stage of the high-pressure turbine, respectively, it is
possible to reduce or minimize a rise in temperature of the
high-pressure turbine.
[0098] The breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not
be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but
should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and
their equivalents. Moreover, the above advantages and features are
provided in described embodiments, but shall not limit the
application of the claims to processes and structures accomplishing
any or all of the above advantages.
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