U.S. patent application number 15/193771 was filed with the patent office on 2017-12-28 for system and method to desalinate a feed water stream by mixing the feed water stream with a heating medium.
The applicant listed for this patent is Cameron Solutions, Inc.. Invention is credited to Christopher Stephen King, Harihara V. Nemmara, Z. Frank Zheng.
Application Number | 20170368470 15/193771 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60674994 |
Filed Date | 2017-12-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170368470 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Zheng; Z. Frank ; et
al. |
December 28, 2017 |
System And Method To Desalinate A Feed Water Stream By Mixing The
Feed Water Stream With A Heating Medium
Abstract
A system and method to desalinate a feed water stream does so in
a liquid pool zone of a vessel as the stream comes into contact
with a heating medium that is less volatile than the feed water
stream. To keep the pool hot, the heating medium can be
recirculated through a heater of a pump-around loop or a heater can
be placed in the liquid pool. As the feed water stream is vaporized
or partially vaporized, any solids and unvaporized water present in
the feed water stream come out of the stream and move into the
heating medium. These solids and unvaporized water may be further
removed from the heating medium in the pool or in the pump-around
loop. The heat exchange surface does not contact the feed
water.
Inventors: |
Zheng; Z. Frank; (Cypress,
TX) ; King; Christopher Stephen; (Houston, TX)
; Nemmara; Harihara V.; (Katy, TX) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Cameron Solutions, Inc. |
Houston |
TX |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
60674994 |
Appl. No.: |
15/193771 |
Filed: |
June 27, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01D 1/14 20130101; Y02A
20/128 20180101; Y02A 20/124 20180101; B01D 1/0094 20130101; C02F
2103/08 20130101; C02F 1/041 20130101; B01D 5/006 20130101; C02F
1/10 20130101; B01D 1/2856 20130101; B01D 1/0064 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B01D 1/14 20060101
B01D001/14; B01D 1/00 20060101 B01D001/00; B01D 5/00 20060101
B01D005/00; C02F 1/10 20060101 C02F001/10 |
Claims
1. A method to desalinate a feed water stream, the method
comprising: routing the feed water stream into a liquid pool zone
of a vessel, the liquid pool zone including a heating medium, the
heating medium being less volatile than the feed water stream and
maintained at an operating temperature determined by vaporization
requirements; vaporizing at least a portion of volatile components
of the feed water stream due to contact with the heating medium in
the liquid pool zone; and removing a vaporized portion of the feed
water stream from a vapor separation zone of the vessel as steam;
compressing at least a portion of the steam; and condensing at
least a portion of the steam; wherein the interior volume of the
vessel does not include a stripping zone for removal of an
unvaporized portion of the feed water stream.
2. A method according to claim 1 further comprising pre-mixing the
feed water stream and the heating medium outside of the liquid pool
zone of the vessel.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein during pre-mixing no
vaporization of the volatile components of the feed water stream
occurs.
4. A method according to claim 2 wherein during pre-mixing no more
than about 90% of the volatile components of the feed water stream
vaporize.
5. A method according to claim 1 further comprising separating and
removing at least some of the unvaporized portion from the vessel
directly as blowdown.
6. A method according to claim 1 further comprising: removing a
portion of the heating medium residing in the liquid pool zone of
the vessel; raising a temperature of the removed portion to produce
a heated recycle stream; and routing the heated recycle stream back
to the liquid pool zone.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein the removed portion of the
heating medium is a mixture of heating medium and at least some of
the unvaporized portion of the feed water stream.
8. A method according to claim 7 further comprising separating and
removing at least some of the unvaporized portion from the mixture
prior to raising the temperature.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein a density of the heating
medium is greater than that of the feed water stream.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein the heating medium is
immiscible with the feed water stream.
11. A method according to claim 1 wherein there is no pre-treatment
of the feed water stream prior to entering the liquid pool zone of
the vessel.
12. A method according to claim 1 further comprising filtering the
feed water stream by coarse straining prior to the feed water
stream entering the liquid pool zone of the vessel.
13. A method according to claim 1 further comprising recovering
residual heat in the condensed steam.
14. A method according to claim 1 further comprising routing the
heating medium through a secondary heater.
15. A method according to claim 1 further comprising preheating the
feed water stream.
16. A system to desalinate a feed water stream, the system
comprising: a vessel arranged to contact the feed water stream and
route the feed water stream into a liquid pool zone of the vessel,
the liquid pool zone including a heating medium less volatile than
the feed water stream and maintained at an operating temperature
determined by vaporization requirements; a pump-around loop
arranged to receive a portion of the heating medium residing in the
liquid pool zone and return the portion back to the liquid pool
zone; a compressor arranged to receive at least a portion of the
steam exiting the vapor separation zone of the vessel and produce a
pressurized steam; and a condenser arranged to receive at least a
portion of the pressurized steam wherein when the feed water stream
is contacted by the heating medium in the liquid pool zone at least
a portion of volatile components of the feed water stream vaporize
and migrate to a vapor separation zone of the vessel; wherein the
vessel does not include a stripping zone for removal of unvaporized
portions of the feed water stream.
17. A system according to claim 16 further comprising a mixer
located outside of the liquid pool zone of the vessel and arranged
to mix the feed water stream and the portion of the heating medium
being returned to the vessel.
18. A system according to claim 17 wherein the mixer is arranged so
no vaporization of the volatile components of the feed water stream
occurs in the mixer.
19. A system according to claim 17 wherein the mixer is arranged so
no more than about 90% of the volatile components of the feed water
stream vaporize in the mixer.
20. A system according to claim 16 wherein the vessel includes
internals arranged to separate at least some of the unvaporized
portion of the process stream from the heating medium.
21. A system according to claim 16 further comprising the
pump-around loop including a heater.
22. A system according to claim 16 further comprising the
pump-around loop including a separation device.
23. A system according to claim 16 wherein the condenser is
arranged to transfer heat to the heating medium in the pump-around
loop.
24. A system according to claim 16 further comprising a preheater
to heat the feed water stream.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] This disclosure is in the field of desalination processes
and, more particularly, desalination processes that do not rely
upon a heat exchanging surface or pretreatment to meet feed water
specifications.
[0002] Current desalination processes are complicated, expensive,
and typically require extensive water pretreatment to ensure the
proper quality of the boiler feed water. In some cases, the cost of
pretreatment exceeds the cost of the actual boiling processes. U.S.
Pat. No. 8,652,304 B2 ("Nazzer") discloses a method of extracting
dissolved or undissolved solids from a mixture of water and a
process liquid or stream. The mixture is introduced into a mixing
zone within or upstream of a separation vessel where it is further
mixed with a recycle fluid extracted from a liquid pool zone of the
separator vessel and pumped through a heat exchanger.
[0003] Vaporization occurs in this mixing zone (where more than 99%
of the volatile components of the feed stream are vaporized). The
resulting stream is then transferred to the separator vessel in
which the vapor is separated, with the solid and liquid components
falling into the liquid pool zone of the separator vessel. A
portion of these solids and liquids that bond to these solids then
passes through a stripping zone of the separator vessel. Water
residing within the stripping zone displaces the liquids bound to
the solids and an aqueous waste stream with dissolved or
nondissolved solids results.
[0004] Because this method requires a mixing zone for vaporization
outside of the liquid pool, the required equipment is difficult to
design and prone to scaling and plugging. The method also does not
allow for vaporization within the liquid pool and requires the
heating medium--i.e., the recycle fluid, immiscible with the
process stream and lighter than the water in the stripping zone--to
be recycled at a rate of at least ten times that of the process
feed rate. This high recycle rate is required because the method
must limit the temperature difference between the recycle fluid and
the feed water stream in order to avoid thermal degradation
effects.
[0005] Last, the method requires a stripping zone for solids
removal. A stripping zone is prone to corrosion because of
unvaporized (solids) components from the feed water stream. The
stripping zone also presents safety concerns due to the risk of
higher temperature oil contacting water. To reduce the safety
concern, the oil must be cooled before it touches the water in the
stripping zone, but cooling the oil increases its viscosity and
ineffective solids separation results.
SUMMARY
[0006] The present disclosure simplifies the system and method of
desalinating a feed water stream and reduces the cost of doing
so.
[0007] Vaporization in a mixing zone outside of the liquid pool
does not occur in embodiments of the system and method, nor do the
system and method have a stripping zone for solids removal. The
system and method is not limited to a light heating medium relative
to the feed water stream but does have, in the case of a liquid
containing a blowdown, a heating medium that is immiscible with the
process stream to enable liquid separation. Any pre-mixing of the
feed water stream and heating medium may be done at a level below
that required for vaporization (or partial vaporization) of the
feed water stream. Pre-mixing may also be done to provide a
relatively small amount of vaporization to enhance the pre-mixing
and accelerate the fluid when it enters the liquid pool.
[0008] Embodiments of the system and method may disperse the feed
water stream into a liquid pool containing a hot heating medium
that is less volatile than the feed water stream. To keep the pool
hot, the heating medium can be recirculated through a heater in a
pump-around loop. Alternatively or additionally, a heater can be
placed in the liquid pool.
[0009] As the feed water stream is vaporized, any dissolved or
undissolved solids present in the feed water stream come out of the
stream together with the unvaporized feed water (in partial
vaporization) and move into the heating medium. The solids and
unvaporized feed water that move into the heating medium may be
further removed from the heating medium within the vessel or in a
separator located in the pump-around loop. If the removal of the
solids and unvaporized feed water occurs within the vessel, the
vessel should include internals of a kind known in the art to
separate the unvaporized portion of the feed water stream from the
heating medium. If the removal of the solids and unvaporized feed
water occurs in a separator in the pump-around loop, the separator
can be a hydrocyclone, centrifuge, particulate filter, settling
tank, or some other piece of separation device equivalent to these,
or a combination of these.
[0010] The vaporized feed water stream, i.e. steam, is compressed
and condensed. The latent heat recovered during condensing is used
to heat the heating medium as it recirculates in the pump-around
loop. The condensed water is the desalinated water. The sensible
heat in the condensed water can be further recovered by preheating
the feed water. A secondary heater can be used in the pump-around
loop to compensate the heat loss.
[0011] Unlike prior art systems and methods, there is no
requirement for pretreatment of the feed water stream or low
temperature differentials between the vaporization temperature of
the stream and heating medium (e.g., limited to 10.degree. C. above
the vaporization temperature due to the risk of scaling in the heat
exchanger in the pump-around loop).
[0012] The embodiments of this disclosure may simplify the system
and method to desalinate a feed water stream; reduce the costs
associated with prior art desalination processes; and eliminate the
design and operational challenges presented by mixing zones located
outside of the liquid pool zone of the vessel and stripping zones
for solids removal. The disclosure eliminates the need for light
heating mediums relative to the feed water stream and, in the case
of total vaporization with a blowdown which contains the dissolved
and undissolved solids portion of the feed water, eliminates the
need for immiscible heating mediums. The disclosure also does not
require the low temperature differential between the stream and
heating medium or recycle rates of at least 10 times greater than
that of the process feed.
[0013] The disclosure also reduces, and potentially eliminates,
pretreatment for the feed water stream while at the same time
minimizing or eliminating scaling and fouling of equipment. Because
no heat exchanging surface is used directly in boiling, the
disclosure can accommodate a wider range of feed water quality,
thereby reducing the specifications for the feed water and allowing
a much greater choice for the source of the feed water. Any
pre-mixing of the feed water stream and the heating medium that
occurs outside of the liquid pool zone may be done at a level below
that at which the water vaporizes. Pre-mixing may also be done to
provide a relatively small amount of vaporization to enhance the
pre-mixing and accelerate the fluid when it enters the liquid
pool.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] So that the above recited features can be understood in
detail, a more particular description may be had by reference to
embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended
drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like elements. It
is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate
various embodiments and are therefore not to be considered limiting
of its scope, and may admit to other equally effective
embodiments.
[0015] FIG. 1 is a schematic of an embodiment of a system and
method to desalinate a feed water stream. The feed water stream is
routed to a heating medium pool of a vessel. Steam is generated as
the water of the feed water stream mixes with the heating medium
and vaporizes or partially vaporizes. As the feed water vaporizes
and turns into steam, dissolved solids may turn to undissolved
solids. Undissolved solids along with unvaporized water (if any)
move into the heating medium. The vessel includes internals to
allow the separation of the solids and unvaporized water (if any)
from the heating medium and remove the solids and unvaporized water
(if any) from the vessel. A pump-around loop recycles the heating
medium and any unvaporized portion of the feed water stream. The
vaporized water stream is compressed and the heating medium can be
reheated by condensing the pressurized stream in the pump-around
loop. A secondary heater can be used to compensate any heat loss.
The condensed water can be used to preheat the feed water to
further cover the heat. If any pre-mixing of the feed water and
heating medium occurs outside of the liquid pool (see FIG. 3), the
pre-mixing may be at a level below that at which vaporization
occurs. Pre-mixing may also be done to provide a relatively small
amount of vaporization to enhance the pre-mixing and accelerate the
fluid when it enters the liquid pool.
[0016] FIG. 2 is an embodiment of the system and method to
desalinate a feed water stream. The pump-around loop includes a
separator for removing solids alone or in combination with any
unvaporized feed water. The separator can be a hydrocyclone,
centrifuge, particulate filter, settling tank, or some other piece
of separation device equivalent to these, or a combination of
these.
[0017] FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the system and method to
desalinate a feed water stream. Pre-mixing of the feed water stream
and heating medium occurs outside of the liquid pool zone of the
vessel but at a level below that needed for vaporization.
Pre-mixing may also be done to provide a relatively small amount of
vaporization to enhance the pre-mixing and accelerate the fluid
when it enters the liquid pool.
ELEMENTS AND NUMBERING USED IN THE DRAWINGS AND DETAILED
DESCRIPTION
[0018] 10 System or method [0019] 15 Feed water stream [0020] 17
Mixer within or outside of 20 [0021] 20 Vessel [0022] 21 Liquid
pool zone [0023] 23 Heating medium [0024] 24 Interior volume [0025]
25 Unvaporized (dissolved and undissolved solids and any
unvaporized water) portion of 15 [0026] 27 Vapor separation zone
[0027] 29 Vaporized portion of 15 [0028] 30 Steam [0029] 35 Removed
heating medium stream or mixture (heating medium 23 and portion of
25) [0030] 40 Pump-around loop [0031] 41 Heating medium
heater/steam condenser [0032] 45 Heated recycle stream
substantially unvaporized portion-free or with a reduced
unvaporized portion 25 [0033] 47 Separator or separation device
(such as a hydrocyclone, centrifuge, particulate filter, settling
tank or their equivalents, or a combination of these) [0034] 50
Heating medium stream substantially unvaporized portion-free or
with a reduced unvaporized portion 25 [0035] 60 Secondary heater
[0036] 61 Feed water preheater/desalinated water cooler [0037] 65
Condensed desalinated water stream [0038] 66 Cooled desalinated
water [0039] 70 Compressor [0040] 75 Pressurized steam
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] In the following description, numerous details are set forth
to provide an understanding of some embodiments of the present
disclosure. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary
skill in the art that the system and/or methodology may be
practiced without these details and that numerous variations or
modifications from the described embodiments may be possible.
[0042] In the specification and appended claims, the terms
"connect", "connection", "connected", "in connection with", and
"connecting" are used to mean "in direct connect with" or "in
connection with via one or more elements"; and the term "set" is
used to mean "one element" or "more than one element". Further, the
terms "couple", "coupling", "coupled", "coupled together", and
"coupled with" are used to mean "directly coupled together" or
"coupled together via one or more elements". As used herein, the
terms "up" and "down", "upper" and "lower", "upwardly" and
"downwardly", "upstream" and "downstream", "above" and "below", and
other like terms indicated relative positions above or below a
given point or element and are used in this description to more
clearly describe some embodiments of the disclosure.
[0043] Embodiments of a system and method to desalinate a feed
water stream eliminate the vaporization on the heat exchanging
surface that drives existing feed water specifications. Therefore,
a much wider choice for the source of (lower quality) feed water
with very little or no pretreatment is allowed, including produced
water and seawater sources.
[0044] The embodiments desalinate the feed water stream through
vaporization (or partial vaporization) of the feed water stream
when the stream contacts a heating medium residing in a liquid pool
zone of a vessel. The vessel is arranged to directly receive the
feed water stream, thereby eliminating pre-treatment between it and
the upstream process providing the stream. A pump-around loop heats
a portion of the heating medium and recycles this heated portion
back to the vessel.
[0045] The heating medium, which can be lighter or heavier than the
stream, is maintained at an operating temperature required for the
desired vaporization (and desalination) effects. If any pre-mixing
of the feed water and heating medium occurs outside of the liquid
pool, the pre-mixing may be at a level below that at which
vaporization occurs. Pre-mixing may also be done to provide a
relatively small amount of vaporization to enhance the pre-mixing
and accelerate the fluid when it enters the liquid pool. The vessel
can also make use of blowdown to remove solids formed during the
vaporization of the feed water stream. Blowdown, as used here,
refers to the removal of solids or unvaporized feed water stream
with concentrated levels of dissolved or undissolved solids. A
separator located in the pump-around loop can be used for the
separation of the blowdown.
[0046] The different arrangements of the system and method 10 as
shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 route a feed water stream 15 into a vessel 20
whose interior volume 24 is defined by a liquid pool zone 21 and a
vapor separation zone 27. A heating medium 23 resides within the
liquid pool zone 21 and this heating medium 23 is used to vaporize
or partially vaporize the volatile components 29 of the feed water
stream 15. Mixing of the feed water stream 15 and heating medium 23
occurs naturally within the liquid pool zone 21 as the feed water
stream 15 enters the zone 21.
[0047] The now vaporized portions 29 of the feed water stream 15
migrate to a vapor separation zone 27 of the vessel 20 and are
removed as a vaporized feed water stream 30 in the form of steam.
The steam 30 is routed to a compressor 70 and the pressurized steam
75 is routed to a heating medium heater/steam condenser 41 to
produce a condensed desalinated water stream 65. Heat from the
heating medium heater/steam condenser 41 can be recovered and used
to raise the temperature of the recycle stream 45.
[0048] As the volatile components 29 of the feed water stream 15
vaporize, the unvaporized portion 25 of the feed water stream 15
moves into the liquid pool zone 21 along with the heating medium
23. Because the unvaporized portion 25 is solids, or if any liquid,
immiscible with the heating medium 23, that portion 25 can separate
from the heating medium 23 either within the vessel 20 or within a
separator 47 located in the pump-around loop 40. The unvaporized
portion 25, both liquid and undissolved solids, can be removed as
blowdown stream 25. No stripping zone is used.
[0049] The separator 47 used in the pump-around loop 40 can be any
separator suitable, including but not limited to a hydrocyclone,
centrifuge, particulate filter, settling tank, or some other piece
of separation device equivalent to these, or a combination of
these. A heating medium stream 50 with reduced amounts of, or
without, unvaporized solids and liquids 25 exits the separator 47.
Heat recovered from condensing the steam is used to raise the
temperature of the recycle stream 45. A secondary heater 60 can be
used to provide additional heat. The heated recycle stream 45 then
recycles back to the liquid pool zone 21 of the vessel 20. The
heated recycle stream 45 may include some unvaporized portion 25 of
the feed water stream 15. A feed water preheater 61 can be used to
preheat the feed water to recover the residual heat in the
condensed desalinated water.
[0050] The heating medium 23 is maintained at an operating
temperature that provides the desired vaporization effects. The
heating medium 23 can be any heating medium depending on the
make-up of feed water stream 15 and application-specific
requirements. For example, the heating medium 23 could be one that
one that is lighter than, heavier than, or (in the case of total
vaporization of the water) the same density as the feed water
stream 15. The heating medium 23 could also be one that forms, in
the case of total vaporization, a homogeneous or heterogeneous
mixture with the feed water stream 15. However, in the case of
partial vaporization in which there is unvaporized water in the
unvaporized portion 25, the heating medium 23 is immiscible with
the feed water stream 15 to form a heterogeneous mixture. In either
case, the heating medium 23 is less volatile than the volatile
components 29 of the feed water stream 15.
[0051] To keep the heating medium 23 at the selected operating
temperature, a heater (not shown) can be placed in the liquid pool
zone 21. Alternatively or additionally, a removed stream 35 of the
heating medium 23, which may include unvaporized portion 25
residing within the liquid pool zone 21, can be removed from the
vessel 20 and routed to the pump-around loop 40 and its heating
medium heater/steam condenser 41 and secondary heater 60. A heated
recycle stream 45, which may include solids and unvaporized water
from 25, then recycles back to the liquid pool zone 21.
[0052] An embodiment of a method to desalinate a feed water stream
includes: [0053] routing the feed water stream 15 into the liquid
pool zone 21 of the vessel 20 where it becomes mixed with a heating
medium 23 that is less volatile than the feed water stream 15 and
maintained at an operating temperature determined by vaporization
requirements to vaporize a volatile components portion 29 of the
feed water stream 15; [0054] removing the vaporized portion 29 of
the feed water stream 15 from the vapor separation zone 27 of the
vessel 20 as steam 30; [0055] compressing at least a portion of the
steam 30; and [0056] condensing at least of portion of the
compressed steam 75. Condensing can take placed in the pump-around
loop 40. Heat recovered from the heating medium heater/steam
condenser 41 can be used as pre-heating to raise the temperature of
the recycle stream 45.
[0057] Prior to the feed water stream 15 entering the liquid pool
zone 21 there may be no pre-treatment of the stream 15 as it exits
the upstream process providing the stream 15 and there may be no
mixing of the feed water stream 15 with the heating medium 23.
Pretreatment means treatment such as but not limited to chemical
dosing, filtration using selectively permeable membranes,
separators, or the use of ion exchange, deaerators or blowdown
prior to the feed water stream 15 entering vessel 20 (or some
combination of the above pretreatment methods). (Coarse straining
of a kind known in the art and typically done ahead of pretreatment
might be used if the feed is taken directly from a natural body of
water or from a source with excessive undissolved solids.) If any
pre-mixing of the feed water stream 15 and heating medium 23 occurs
outside of the liquid pool zone 21 (see e.g. mixer 17 in FIG. 3),
the pre-mixing may be done at a level below that at which
vaporization occurs. Therefore, vaporization of the feed water
stream 15 occurs within the liquid pool zone 21 of the vessel
20.
[0058] Pre-mixing may also be done to provide a relatively small
amount of vaporization to enhance the pre-mixing and accelerate the
fluid 15 when it enters the liquid pool 21. The amount of
vaporization that occurs may be less than that which occurs in the
liquid pool 21. For example, during normal (non-turndown)
operations no more than about 20% or about 5% of the volatile
components in the stream 15 may vaporize during pre-mixing. If the
amount of vaporization does exceed that of the liquid pool, during
normal operations vaporization during pre-mixing should not exceed
about 80% or about 90% of the volatile components. Limiting the
amount of vaporization during pre-mixing helps avoid the design
challenges and scaling and plugging problems associated with the
mixing zone of the prior art (see Background).
[0059] The heating medium 23 and feed water stream 15 can form a
heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture (in the case of total or
partial vaporization of water) or a heterogeneous mixture (in the
case of partial vaporization of water) when residing within the
liquid pool zone 21. Additionally, the density of the heating
medium 23 can be greater than, less than, or (in the case of total
vaporization) equal to that of the feed water stream 15.
[0060] The method can also include removing a portion 35 of the
heating medium 23 residing in the liquid pool zone 21 of the vessel
20; raising a temperature of the removed portion or stream 35 to
produce a heated recycle stream 45; and routing the heated recycle
stream 45 back to the liquid pool zone 21. The removed stream 35
can also be routed to a separator 47 to produce a heating medium
stream 50 substantially unvaporized portion-free or with a reduced
unvaporized portion 25. Once stream 50 is heated (by heating medium
heater/steam condenser 41 and secondary heater 60 arranged to
transfer heat to the stream 50), it can be returned to the liquid
pool zone 21 as the heated recycled stream 45.
[0061] An embodiment of a system to desalinate a feed water stream
includes a vessel 20 arranged to contact a feed water stream 15
exiting an upstream process and route the feed water stream 15 into
a heating medium 23 residing within the liquid pool zone 21 of the
vessel 20. The interior volume 24 of the vessel 20 does not include
a stripping zone for the removal of unvaporized portion 25. The
heating medium 23 is less volatile than the feed water stream 15
and maintained at an operating temperature determined by
vaporization requirements. The partially vaporized volatile
components 29 of the feed water stream 15 migrate to the vapor
separation zone 27 of the vessel 20.
[0062] A pump-around loop 40 is arranged to receive a portion 35 of
the mixed heating medium 23 along with the non-volatile (dissolved
and undissolved) and unvaporized water 25 of the feed water stream
15 that have moved into the heating medium 23 and then return the
portion 35 back to the liquid pool zone 21 as a heated recycle
stream 45. The pump-around loop 40 of the system can also include a
heating medium heater/steam condenser 41 and secondary heater 60,
as well as a separator 47 arranged upstream of the heating medium
heater/steam condenser 41, so that a substantially unvaporized
portion-free or reduced unvaporized portion heating medium stream
45 is being returned to the vessel 20.
[0063] Prior to contacting the heating medium 23, the feed water
stream 15 may not be mixed with the heating medium 23 outside of
the liquid pool zone 21 of the vessel 20. If any pre-mixing of the
stream 15 and heating medium 23 occurs, the mixing may be at a
level below that required for vaporization of the volatile
components 29. Pre-mixing may also be done to provide a relatively
small amount of vaporization to enhance the pre-mixing and
accelerate the fluid when it enters the liquid pool 21.
[0064] The system includes a compressor 70 arranged to receive at
least a portion of the steam 30. The system also includes a heating
medium heater/steam condenser 41 arranged to receive at least a
portion of the steam 30 exiting the vapor separation zone 27 of the
vessel 20. Heat recovered from condensing the pressurized stream 75
can be used in the pump-around loop 40 to raise the temperature of
the recycle stream 45.
[0065] Although the preceding description has been described herein
with reference to particular means, materials, and embodiments, it
is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein;
rather, it extends to all functionally equivalent structures,
methods, and uses, such as are within the scope of the appended
claims.
* * * * *