U.S. patent application number 15/185332 was filed with the patent office on 2017-12-21 for vehicle active side vent system.
This patent application is currently assigned to SRG Global Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is SRG Global Inc.. Invention is credited to Patrick Ayoub, David Michael Dunford, Rob Frayer.
Application Number | 20170361879 15/185332 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 58995234 |
Filed Date | 2017-12-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170361879 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Frayer; Rob ; et
al. |
December 21, 2017 |
VEHICLE ACTIVE SIDE VENT SYSTEM
Abstract
An active side vent system for a vehicle can include a housing
disposed in a side vent opening defined by a recessed surface in a
rear portion of a front fender of the vehicle, a set of louvers
disposed in the housing and configured to pivot such that (i) in an
open position, none of the set of louvers extends beyond an outer
surface of the front fender and (ii) in a closed position, the set
of louvers are substantially flush with the recessed surface of the
front fender, and an actuator configured to control the pivoting of
the set of louvers.
Inventors: |
Frayer; Rob; (Huntington
Woods, MI) ; Ayoub; Patrick; (Bloomfield Hills,
MI) ; Dunford; David Michael; (Canton, MI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SRG Global Inc. |
Warren |
MI |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
SRG Global Inc.
Warren
MI
|
Family ID: |
58995234 |
Appl. No.: |
15/185332 |
Filed: |
June 17, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B62D 35/008 20130101;
B60K 11/085 20130101; Y02T 10/88 20130101; B62D 35/005 20130101;
B62D 35/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B62D 35/00 20060101
B62D035/00; B60K 11/08 20060101 B60K011/08 |
Claims
1. An active side vent system for a vehicle, the system comprising:
a housing disposed in a side vent opening defined by a recessed
surface in a rear portion of a front fender of the vehicle; a set
of louvers disposed in the housing and configured to pivot such
that (i) in an open position, none of the set of louvers extends
beyond an outer surface of the front fender and (ii) in a closed
position, the set of louvers are substantially flush with the
recessed surface of the front fender; and an actuator configured to
control the pivoting of the set of louvers.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the recessed surface defines a
variable depth that decreases from a maximum recess depth at a
point towards a front of the vehicle in a direction towards a rear
of the vehicle.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein each louver of the set of louvers
comprises a pivot shaft and a blade, and wherein each blade is
coupled to its respective pivot shaft at non-central point.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a duct configured to
direct airflow from an air source to the side vent opening, wherein
the airflow exits the vehicle when the set of louvers are in the
open position.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the air source is a powertrain
compartment of the vehicle.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the side vent opening is defined
in an upper portion of the rear portion of the front fender of the
vehicle.
7. The system of claim 4, wherein the air source is a wheel well of
the vehicle.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the side vent opening is defined
in a lower portion of the rear portion of the front fender of the
vehicle.
9. An active side vent system for a vehicle, the system comprising:
a first active side vent subsystem associated with a first side of
the vehicle and comprising: a first housing disposed in a first
side vent opening defined by a first recessed surface in a first
rear portion of a first front fender of the vehicle, and a first
set of louvers disposed in the first housing and configured to
pivot such that (i) in an open position, none of the first set of
louvers extends beyond a first outer surface of the first front
fender and (ii) in a closed position, the first set of louvers are
substantially flush with the first recessed surface of the first
front fender; a second active side vent subsystem associated with
an opposing second side of the vehicle and comprising: a second
housing disposed in a second side vent opening defined by a second
recessed surface in a second rear portion of a second front fender
of the vehicle, and a second set of louvers disposed in the second
housing and configured to pivot such that (i) in an open position,
none of the second set of louvers extends beyond a second outer
surface of the second front fender and (ii) in a closed position,
the second set of louvers are substantially flush with the second
recessed surface of the second fender; and an actuator configured
to control the pivoting of both the first and second sets of
louvers.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the actuator is configured to
control the pivoting of the first set of louvers, and further
comprising a linkage connected between the one of the actuator and
the first set of louvers such that the linkage controls pivoting of
the second set of louvers.
11. The system of claim 9, further comprising first and second
ducts configured to direct airflow from at least one air source to
the first and second side vent openings, respectively, wherein the
airflow exits the vehicle when the first and second sets of louvers
are in the open position.
12. The system of claim 11, where the at least one air source is
first and second wheel wells of the vehicle.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein each duct is coupled to an
opening defined in a wall of its respective wheel well, and further
comprising a mesh screen disposed in each wall opening.
14. The system of claim 12, wherein the first side vent opening is
defined in a first lower portion of the first rear portion of the
first front fender, and wherein the second side vent opening is
defined in a second lower portion of the second rear portion of the
second front fender.
15. The system of claim 11, wherein the at least one air source is
a powertrain compartment of the vehicle.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the first side vent opening is
defined in a first upper portion of the first rear portion of the
first front fender, and wherein the second side vent opening is
defined in a second upper portion of the second rear portion of the
second front fender.
17. An airflow control system for a vehicle, the system comprising:
a front active grille shutter (AGS) system comprising: a first
housing disposed in a front grille opening of the vehicle, and a
first set of louvers disposed in the front grille opening and
configured to pivot between (i) an open position during which air
flows through the front grille opening and into a powertrain
compartment of the vehicle and (ii) a closed position during which
airflow through the front grille opening and into the powertrain
compartment is mitigated; a first active side vent subsystem
comprising: a second housing disposed a first side vent opening
defined by a first recessed surface in a first rear portion of a
first front fender of the vehicle, and a second set of louvers
disposed in the second housing and configured to pivot such that
(i) in an open position, none of the second set of louvers extends
beyond a first outer surface of the first front fender and (ii) in
a closed position, the second set of louvers are substantially
flush with the first recessed surface of the first front fender;
and an actuator system configured to control the pivoting of both
the first and second sets of louvers.
18. The airflow control system of claim 17, wherein the actuator
system comprises distinct first and second actuators associated
with the front AGS system and the first active side vent system,
respectively.
19. The airflow control system of claim 17, wherein the actuator
system comprises a single actuator that is connected to one of the
front AGS system and the first active side vent system, and further
comprising a linkage connected between the single actuator and the
other of the front AGS system and the active side vent system.
20. The airflow system of claim 17, further comprising: a second
active side vent system that is associated with an opposite side of
the vehicle than the first active side vent system and comprising:
a third housing disposed in a second side vent opening defined by
second recessed surface in a second rear portion of a second front
fender of the vehicle, and a third set of louvers disposed in the
third housing and configured to pivot such that (i) in an open
position, none of the third set of louvers extends beyond a second
outer surface of the second front fender and (ii) in a closed
position, the third set of louvers are substantially flush with the
second recessed surface of the second front fender, wherein the
actuator system is further configured to control the pivoting of
the third set of louvers.
Description
FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to vehicle active
aerodynamic systems and, more particularly, to an active side vent
system for a vehicle.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The background description provided herein is for the
purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work
of the presently named inventors, to the extent it is described in
this background section, as well as aspects of the description that
may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are
neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the
present disclosure.
[0003] A vehicle can be propelled by a powertrain (e.g., an engine,
an electric motor, or a combination thereof) that generates drive
torque. In some implementations, the powertrain can be arranged in
a front compartment of the vehicle underneath a hood. During
operation, the powertrain can generate a large amount of heat. To
prevent overheating of the powertrain and potential damage to other
components in the powertrain compartment, a cooling system can be
implemented. One example component of the cooling system is a heat
transfer device, such as a radiator. Air can flow through openings
of a grille system at a front of the compartment to cool the
radiator. Such conventional cooling systems, however, may be
inadequate at particular operation conditions (e.g., when the
vehicle is traveling at high speeds).
SUMMARY
[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an
active side vent system for a vehicle is presented. In one
exemplary implementation, the system can include a housing disposed
in a side vent opening defined by a recessed surface in a rear
portion of a front fender of the vehicle; a set of louvers disposed
in the housing and configured to pivot such that (i) in an open
position, none of the set of louvers extends beyond an outer
surface of the front fender and (ii) in a closed position, the set
of louvers are substantially flush with the recessed surface of the
front fender; and an actuator configured to control the pivoting of
the set of louvers.
[0005] In some implementations, the recessed surface defines a
variable depth that decreases from a maximum recess depth at a
point towards a front of the vehicle in a direction towards a rear
of the vehicle. In some implementations, each louver of the set of
louvers comprises a pivot shaft and a blade, and wherein each blade
is coupled to its respective pivot shaft at non-central point.
[0006] In some implementations, the system further includes a duct
configured to direct airflow from an air source to the side vent
opening, wherein the airflow exits the vehicle when the set of
louvers are in the open position. In some implementations, the air
source is a powertrain compartment of the vehicle. In some
implementations, the side vent opening is defined in an upper
portion of the rear portion of the front fender of the vehicle. In
some implementations, the air source is a wheel well of the
vehicle. In some implementations, the side vent opening is defined
in a lower portion of the rear portion of the front fender of the
vehicle.
[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an
active side vent system for a vehicle is presented. In one
exemplary implementation, the system can include a first active
side vent subsystem associated with a first side of the vehicle and
comprising: a first housing disposed in a first side vent opening
defined by a first recessed surface in a first rear portion of a
first front fender of the vehicle, and a first set of louvers
disposed in the first housing and configured to pivot such that (i)
in an open position, none of the first set of louvers extends
beyond a first outer surface of the first front fender and (ii) in
a closed position, the first set of louvers are substantially flush
with the first recessed surface of the first front fender; a second
active side vent subsystem associated with an opposing second side
of the vehicle and comprising: a second housing disposed in a
second side vent opening defined by a second recessed surface in a
second rear portion of a second front fender of the vehicle, and a
second set of louvers disposed in the second housing and configured
to pivot such that (i) in an open position, none of the second set
of louvers extends beyond a second outer surface of the second
front fender and (ii) in a closed position, the second set of
louvers are substantially flush with the second recessed surface of
the second fender; and an actuator configured to control the
pivoting of both the first and second sets of louvers.
[0008] In some implementations, the actuator is configured to
control the pivoting of the first set of louvers, and further
comprising a linkage connected between the one of the actuator and
the first set of louvers such that the linkage controls pivoting of
the second set of louvers. In some implementations, the system
further includes first and second ducts configured to direct
airflow from at least one air source to the first and second side
vent openings, respectively, wherein the airflow exits the vehicle
when the first and second sets of louvers are in the open
position.
[0009] In some implementations, the at least one air source is
first and second wheel wells of the vehicle. In some
implementations, each duct is coupled to an opening defined in a
wall of its respective wheel well, and the system further includes
a mesh screen disposed in each wall opening. In some
implementations, the first side vent opening is defined in a first
lower portion of the first rear portion of the first front fender,
and wherein the second side vent opening is defined in a second
lower portion of the second rear portion of the second front
fender. In some implementations, the at least one air source is a
powertrain compartment of the vehicle. In some implementations, the
first side vent opening is defined in a first upper portion of the
first rear portion of the first front fender, and wherein the
second side vent opening is defined in a second upper portion of
the second rear portion of the second front fender.
[0010] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an
airflow control system for a vehicle is presented. In one exemplary
implementation, the system can include a front active grille
shutter (AGS) system comprising: a first housing disposed in a
front grille opening of the vehicle, and a first set of louvers
disposed in the front grille opening and configured to pivot
between (i) an open position during which air flows through the
front grille opening and into a powertrain compartment of the
vehicle and (ii) a closed position during which airflow through the
front grille opening and into the powertrain compartment is
mitigated; a first active side vent subsystem comprising: a second
housing disposed a first side vent opening defined by a first
recessed surface in a first rear portion of a first front fender of
the vehicle, and a second set of louvers disposed in the second
housing and configured to pivot such that (i) in an open position,
none of the second set of louvers extends beyond a first outer
surface of the first front fender and (ii) in a closed position,
the second set of louvers are substantially flush with the first
recessed surface of the first front fender; and an actuator system
configured to control the pivoting of both the first and second
sets of louvers.
[0011] In some implementations, the actuator system comprises
distinct first and second actuators associated with the front AGS
system and the first active side vent system, respectively. In some
implementations, the actuator system comprises a single actuator
that is connected to one of the front AGS system and the first
active side vent system, and further comprising a linkage connected
between the single actuator and the other of the front AGS system
and the active side vent system.
[0012] In some implementations, the system further includes a
second active side vent system that is associated with an opposite
side of the vehicle than the first active side vent system and
comprising: a third housing disposed in a second side vent opening
defined by second recessed surface in a second rear portion of a
second front fender of the vehicle, and a third set of louvers
disposed in the third housing and configured to pivot such that (i)
in an open position, none of the third set of louvers extends
beyond a second outer surface of the second front fender and (ii)
in a closed position, the third set of louvers are substantially
flush with the second recessed surface of the second front fender,
wherein the actuator system is further configured to control the
pivoting of the third set of louvers.
[0013] Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure
will become apparent from the detailed description provided
hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description
and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration
only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] The present disclosure will become more fully understood
from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings,
wherein:
[0015] FIGS. 1A-1B depict rear perspective views of different
configurations of an example vehicle active side vent system
according to some implementations of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIGS. 2A-2B depict front perspective views of the different
configurations of the example active side vent system according to
some implementations of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIGS. 3A-3B depict different front side views of the example
active side vent system according to some implementations of the
present disclosure; and
[0018] FIGS. 4A-4C depict different rear side views of the example
active side vent system according to some implementations of the
present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] As previously mentioned, operation of a powertrain of a
vehicle can cause a large build-up of heat in its powertrain
compartment (e.g., under a hood of the vehicle). Conventional
cooling components, such as a radiator, are configured to provide
cool air to the powertrain compartment. These conventional cooling
components, however, may be inadequate for preventing or mitigating
heat build-up in the powertrain compartment, particularly at
certain operating conditions (e.g., when the vehicle is traveling
at high speeds, such as on a highway or expressway). Accordingly, a
vehicle active side vent system is presented.
[0020] The active side vent system can be disposed in a side vent
opening defined in a rear portion of a front fender of the vehicle.
The active side vent system can include louvers that are recessed
from a surface of the front fender for aerodynamic purposes. In one
configuration, the active side vent system can be configured to
vent air from the powertrain compartment. In another configuration,
the active side vent system can be configured to vent air from a
wheel well of the vehicle. It will be appreciated that the term
"front fender" as used herein can also refer to both (i) a front
quarter panel of the vehicle and (ii) a side panel of the vehicle
that is arranged between a front fascia and a front door of the
vehicle (e.g., behind a front wheel/tire of the vehicle).
[0021] Referring now to FIGS. 1A-1B, rear perspective views of a
vehicle 100 are illustrated. The vehicle 100 has a side portion 104
that includes a front fender 108. The side portion 104 also
includes a wheel well 112 partially surrounding a wheel/tire 116 of
the vehicle 100. An active side vent system 124 can be disposed in
a rear portion of the front fender 108 between the wheel well 112
and a front door 120 of the side portion 104 of the vehicle 100. In
a first configuration of FIG. 1A, the active side vent system 124
is disposed in an upper portion of the rear portion of the front
fender 108. In a second configuration of FIG. 1B, the active side
vent system 124 is disposed in a lower portion of the rear portion
of the front fender 108.
[0022] Referring now to FIGS. 2A-2B, front perspective views of the
vehicle 100 are illustrated. Underneath a hood 128 of the vehicle
100 is a powertrain compartment 132. A controller 136, such as an
engine control unit (ECU), can be disposed in the powertrain
compartment 132. A powertrain (not shown), such as an engine, an
electric motor, or a combination thereof, can also be disposed in
the powertrain compartment 132. The controller 136 can control
operation of the powertrain (not shown) as well as the active side
vent system 124. Air can be drawn into the powertrain compartment
132 through a front grille 140 with a louver system 144. In one
exemplary implementation, the louver system 144 is an AGS system in
that it is controlled by an actuator 148 that is in turn controlled
by the controller 136, but it will be appreciated that the louver
system 144 could alternatively comprise fixed louvers (i.e., a
non-AGS system). The actuator 148 could be optionally connected via
a linkage 150 to another actuator 216 associated with the active
side vent system 124, which is discussed in greater detail below. A
configuration of the linkage 150 can depend on a relative
positioning of the actuators 148, 216 with respect to each other.
Non-limiting examples of the linkage 150 include a mechanical link,
a molded part, and a push-pull cable. The actuators 148, 216 could
also be a single actuator.
[0023] In FIG. 2A, a first air path 152 is defined as entering the
powertrain compartment 132 through the front grille 140 and exiting
the powertrain compartment 132 through the active side vent system
124 when it is opened. This first air path 152 can also represent a
duct (a pipe, a tube, etc.) configured to route airflow from the
front grille 140 or from inside the powertrain compartment 132 and
to the active side vent system 124. In FIG. 2B, a second air path
156 is defined as entering the wheel well 112 from the side or from
the front (e.g., underneath a front bumper 158) of the vehicle 100
and exiting the wheel well 112 through an opening 160 in the wheel
well opening (e.g., with a mesh screen 164 optionally disposed
therein) and then out the active side vent system 124 when it is
opened. Similarly, this second air path 156 can also represent a
duct (a pipe, a tube, etc.) configured to route airflow from the
wheel well opening 160 to the active side vent system 124.
[0024] The configuration of FIG. 2A can correspond to the first
configuration of FIG. 1A where the active side vent system 124 is
disposed in an upper portion of the rear portion of the front
fender 108. The configuration of FIG. 2B, on the other hand, can
correspond to the second configuration of FIG. 1B where the active
side vent system 124 is disposed in a lower portion of the rear
portion of the front fender 108. It will be appreciated, however,
that the configuration of FIG. 2B (air path 156 through the wheel
well 112, the opening 160, and the optional mesh screen 164) could
be associated with the positioning of active side vent system 124
of FIG. 1A (the upper portion of the rear portion of the front
fender 108). Similarly, it will be appreciated that the
configuration of FIG. 2A (air path 152 through the front grille 140
and the powertrain compartment 132) could be associated with the
positioning of the active side vent system 124 of FIG. 1B (the
lower portion of the rear portion of the front fender 108).
[0025] Referring now to FIGS. 3A-3B, front side views of the active
side vent system 124 are illustrated. The front fender 108 defines
both an outer surface 200 and a recessed surface 204. In one
exemplary implementation, the recessed surface 204 defines a
variable depth that decreases from a maximum recess depth defined
by surfaces 220, 224 at a point towards the front of the vehicle
100 in a direction towards a rear of the vehicle 100. At some
point, the recessed surface 204 merges with the outer surface 200
of the front fender 108 (e.g., a depth of zero). The recessed
surface 204 can define a side vent opening 208 in which a housing
202 of the active side vent system 124 is disposed. A set of
louvers 212 can be disposed in the housing 202 and can be
configured to pivot such that (i) in an open position, none of the
louvers 212 extend beyond the outer surface 200 of the front fender
108 and (ii) in a closed position, the louvers 212 are
substantially flush with the recessed surface 204.
[0026] Such a configuration may provide for improved aerodynamics.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the louvers 212 can rotate in a
clockwise direction such that air can be vented from a front
portion of the vehicle 100 (e.g., the powertrain compartment). The
actuator 216 previously discussed herein are configured to be
controlled by the controller 136 in order to rotatable drive the
louvers 212 opened/closed. Examples of the actuator 216 include,
but are not limited to, electric motors, drive shafts, drive gears,
and combinations thereof. In some implementations, sets of the
louvers 212 could be driven independently of each other as opposed
to being driven uniformly. While single actuators 148, 216 are
shown and discussed herein, it will be appreciated that multiple
actuators could be utilized to collectively drive each system.
[0027] Referring now to FIGS. 4A-4C, rear side views of the active
side vent system 124 are illustrated. The front fender 108 further
defines an inner surface 300 having a mounting assembly 304
connected thereto via mounting devices 308 (e.g., screws). This
device 304 can at least partially house the louvers 212 and
therefore may be part of the housing 202. Each louver 212 can
include a pivot shaft 312 and a blade 316. The blade 316 can be
coupled to its respective pivot shaft 312 at a non-central point of
the blade 316 as shown. This can enable the louvers 212 to rotate
primarily inwardly in order to avoid any of the louvers 212
extending beyond the outer surface 200 of the front fender 108 for
aerodynamic purposes. For example only, the pivot shaft 312 could
be coupled to an end of the blade 316. It will be appreciated,
however, that other configurations of the pivot shaft 312 and the
blade 316 can be utilized, such as a centralized configuration of
the pivot shaft 312 with respect to the blade 316.
[0028] The controller 136 can be configured to control the actuator
216 in a variety of ways. Example control parameters include
vehicle speed and temperatures (ambient temperature, powertrain
temperature, powertrain compartment temperature, brake temperature,
etc.), but it will be appreciated that any suitable parameters can
be used in controlling the active side vent system 124. In one
implementation, the controller 136 may control the actuator 216 to
close the set of louvers 212 at vehicle speeds greater than a high
speed threshold. This high speed threshold could be, for example, a
highway speed at which optimal aerodynamics (i.e., a closed active
side vent system 124) are desired. This may be desired for both the
upper configuration (powertrain compartment venting) and the lower
configuration (wheel well venting). In one implementation, the
controller 136 may control the actuator 216 to open the set of
louvers (a) after a period at vehicle speeds greater than the high
speed threshold and (b) when the vehicle has slowed to less than a
low speed threshold. This low speed threshold could be, for
example, a few miles per hour, such as when the vehicle has exited
the highway/expressway and is slowing to near a stop on an off-ramp
or at a traffic light. This can be a good time to open the active
side vent system 124 to expel heat that was just generated during
the high speed operation of the vehicle 100.
[0029] As previously mentioned, coordinated or concurrent control
of both actuator 148 and actuator 216 could also be performed.
Thus, their associated systems could be referred to as subsystems
144 and 124 that are both part of a larger active airflow control
system. This control method could be performed by controlling both
actuators 148, 216 or by controlling one of the actuators 148, 216,
the other of which would then also be controlled by the optional
linkage 150. In some implementations, there may be only one
actuator 148 or 216 and the linkage 150 could be implemented to
directly control the other set of louvers 144, 212 not directly
associated with the one actuator 148 or 216. In one exemplary
implementation, the louvers 144 of the front grille 140 could be
similarly closed at high vehicle speeds and then subsequently
opened at low vehicle speeds to increase the airflow through the
powertrain compartment 132 and out of the active side vent system
124, thereby providing for improved cooling.
[0030] Similarly, and referring again to FIG. 2A, a second active
side vent system 124' could be associated with an opposing side
portion 104' of the vehicle 100. This second active side vent
system 124' could have the same or similar configuration as the
active side vent system 124. One example difference could be the
configuration of the duct leading to the respective active side
vent systems 124, 124', which may need to be different based on a
configuration of components (e.g., in the powertrain compartment
132). The active side vent systems 124, 124' could both be driven
by the actuator 216 or two distinct/separate actuators. In one
exemplary implementation, one of the active side vent systems 124,
124' could be driven by the actuator 216, and a linkage 218 could
be connected between (i) one of the actuator 216 and the louvers of
the one of the active side vent systems 124, 124' and (ii) the
louvers of the other of the active side vent systems 124, 124'.
Distinct or separate actuators could also be implemented, although
the same (i.e., coordinated) control of both systems 124, 124' may
be desired for optimal venting and easier design/implementation.
The front AGS system 144 could also be implemented with this dual
active side vent configuration. The front AGS system 144 could be
similarly driven via the same actuator 216 as the active side vent
systems 124, 124' (e.g., via the linkage 150) or via its own
distinct actuator 148.
[0031] Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure
will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are
skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as
examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a
thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It
will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details
need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in
many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit
the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments,
well-known procedures, well-known device structures, and well-known
technologies are not described in detail.
[0032] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing
particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be
limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the"
may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise. The term "and/or" includes any
and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having," are
inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features,
integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do
not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other
features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or
groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations
described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring
their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated,
unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is
also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be
employed.
[0033] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used
herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers
and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or
sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be
only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or
section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as
"first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do
not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the
context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section
discussed below could be termed a second element, component,
region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of
the example embodiments.
[0034] As used herein, the term module may refer to, be part of, or
include: an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC); an
electronic circuit; a combinational logic circuit; a field
programmable gate array (FPGA); a processor or a distributed
network of processors (shared, dedicated, or grouped) and storage
in networked clusters or datacenters that executes code or a
process; other suitable components that provide the described
functionality; or a combination of some or all of the above, such
as in a system-on-chip. The term module may also include memory
(shared, dedicated, or grouped) that stores code executed by the
one or more processors.
[0035] Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the
above discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the
description, discussions utilizing terms such as "processing" or
"computing" or "calculating" or "determining" or "displaying" or
the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system,
or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and
transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities
within the computer system memories or registers or other such
information storage, transmission or display devices.
[0036] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been
provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not
intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual
elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not
limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are
interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if
not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in
many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure
from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be
included within the scope of the disclosure.
* * * * *