U.S. patent application number 15/533160 was filed with the patent office on 2017-12-21 for electrochemical device for releasing ions.
The applicant listed for this patent is NMR Technology AS. Invention is credited to Vidar Saue.
Application Number | 20170360973 15/533160 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52015931 |
Filed Date | 2017-12-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170360973 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Saue; Vidar |
December 21, 2017 |
ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE FOR RELEASING IONS
Abstract
The present invention relates to an electrochemical device for
releasing ions, comprising an electrical circuit comprising a first
electrode and a second electrode adapted for providing a galvanic
cell when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid constituting an
electrolyte, and a boost converter adapted for amplifying a
potential generated between the first and the second electrode. The
electrical circuit further comprises a third electrode connected
with an output side of the boost converter, wherein the second and
the third electrode constitutes an electrolytic cell powered by the
galvanic cell when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid. The
present invention further relates to devices, such as a toothbrush
or a shaver, adapted for being used in connection with a fluid,
comprising such electrochemical device for releasing ions.
Inventors: |
Saue; Vidar; (Bones,
NO) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
NMR Technology AS |
Bones, Bergen |
|
NO |
|
|
Family ID: |
52015931 |
Appl. No.: |
15/533160 |
Filed: |
December 7, 2015 |
PCT Filed: |
December 7, 2015 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2015/078782 |
371 Date: |
June 5, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B26B 21/225 20130101;
A61N 1/322 20130101; A46B 9/04 20130101; A61N 5/0624 20130101; A46B
15/0008 20130101; A61L 2202/11 20130101; A61N 2005/0606 20130101;
C02F 2201/46135 20130101; A61N 1/0432 20130101; A61N 1/3785
20130101; A61N 2005/0661 20130101; C02F 2303/04 20130101; B26B
21/405 20130101; C02F 2001/46133 20130101; C02F 1/46109 20130101;
A46B 2200/1073 20130101; A61L 2/0011 20130101; C02F 1/32 20130101;
C02F 2307/02 20130101; A46B 15/0024 20130101; H02M 3/335 20130101;
A61C 17/3481 20130101; A61N 1/26 20130101; A46B 15/0034 20130101;
B65D 41/00 20130101; A61L 2/035 20130101; A61L 2/14 20130101; A61N
1/22 20130101; A61N 1/325 20130101; C02F 1/4606 20130101; C02F
1/46176 20130101; A61C 17/20 20130101; A61N 1/30 20130101; A61L
2/10 20130101; A61N 1/306 20130101; B26B 21/4087 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61L 2/14 20060101
A61L002/14; A61N 1/04 20060101 A61N001/04; A61C 17/20 20060101
A61C017/20; A61C 17/34 20060101 A61C017/34; A61L 2/03 20060101
A61L002/03; C02F 1/461 20060101 C02F001/461; C02F 1/46 20060101
C02F001/46; B65D 41/00 20060101 B65D041/00; B26B 21/40 20060101
B26B021/40; A46B 9/04 20060101 A46B009/04; H02M 3/335 20060101
H02M003/335; A61N 5/06 20060101 A61N005/06; A61N 1/30 20060101
A61N001/30; A61N 1/26 20060101 A61N001/26; A46B 15/00 20060101
A46B015/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 5, 2014 |
EP |
14196595.4 |
Claims
1. An electrochemical device, comprising a first part and a second
part, said first part comprising: a first and a second electrode
adapted for providing a galvanic cell when said first and second
electrode are exposed to an external fluid, said fluid constituting
an electrolyte, one or more electrochemical system; said galvanic
cell adapted to power, when in operation, said one or more
electrochemical system; said second part comprising a boost
converter adapted for amplyfing a potential generated between said
first electrode and said second electrode.
2. An electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein said
electrochemical device is an handheld device, wherein said first
part is a handle portion for being held in the hand of a user, and
said second part is a head portion adapted to be in contact with
said external fluid.
3. An electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein said one
or more electrochemical system are an electrolytic cell provided by
a third electrode connected with an output side of said boost
converter and said second electrode when exposed to said external
fluid constituting an electrolyte, whereby when in operation ions
are released from one or more of said first, second or third
electrode into said external fluid constituting an electrolyte.
4. An electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein said
first electrode is a cathode electrode of said galvanic cell, said
third electrode is a cathode electrode of said electrolytic cell,
and said second electrode is a common anode electrode shared by
said galvanic cell and said electrolytic cell.
5. An electrochemical device according to claim 1 wherein said one
or more electrochemical system is an electric-powered device.
6. An electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein said one
or more electrochemical system are at least two electrochemical
systems.
7. An electrochemical device according to claim 6, wherein said at
least two electrochemical systems are an electrolytic cell and an
electric powered device.
8. An electrochemical device according to claim 6, wherein
electric-powered device is a light emitting device or an ultrasound
transducer, connected with an output side of the boost
converter.
9. An electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein said
boost converter comprises an inductor in the form of a toroidal
core inductor comprising a toroidal core made from a ferromagnetic
material, and a coil wound around the toroidal core.
10. An electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein said
first electrode comprises graphene, such as carbon nanotubes or
fullerenes, said second electrode comprises magnesium or zinc, and
said third electrode comprises silver or copper.
11. An electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein said
electrochemical device is a toothbrush and wherein said first,
second and third electrodes are provided on a brush head portion of
the toothbrush, whereby when said electrodes are exposed to said
external fluid in the oral cavity, ions may be released from the
electrodes into the oral cavity.
12. An electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein said
electrochemical device is a shaver and wherein said first, second
and third electrodes are provided on a shaver head portion of the
shaver, whereby when the electrodes are exposed to said external
fluid on the skin, ions may be released from the electrodes onto
the skin.
13. An electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein said
electrochemical device is a bottle cap for being mounted on a
bottle and wherein said first, second and third electrodes are
provided on an inner surface of said bottle cap arranged for being
exposed to said external fluid in said bottle, whereby when the
electrodes are exposed to said external fluid in said bottle, ions
may be released from the electrodes into said external fluid in
said bottle.
14. An electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein said
electrochemical device is a water-cleaning device adapted for
cleaning water in a container, wherein said first, second and third
electrodes are arranged in a housing adapted for being at least
partially submerged in water, wherein said first, second and third
electrodes are provided on an outer surface of said housing adapted
for being submerged, whereby when the electrodes are exposed to
said external fluid, such as water, ions may be released from the
electrodes into said external fluid.
15. An electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein said
electrochemical device is a wound disinfection device for cleaning
wounded skin, wherein said first, second and third electrodes are
arranged in a housing and wherein said first, second and third
electrodes are provided on an exterior interface adapted for being
pressed onto an area of a wounded skin, whereby when the electrodes
are exposed to said external fluids located in the wound area, ions
may be released from the electrodes into said external fluids in
the wound area.
16. An electrochemical device according to claim 5, wherein said
electric-powered device is a light emitting device, connected with
an output side of said boost converter.
17. An electrochemical device according to claim 5, further
comprising an electrical circuit; wherein said handheld device is
adapted for being used in connection with said external fluid,
wherein said head portion is provided with a functional unit,
wherein said head portion is provided with at least said first
electrode and said second electrode adapted for providing said
galvanic cell when said head portion is exposed to said external
fluid, said first electrode and said second electrode being
connected with said electrical circuit comprising said boost
converter adapted for amplifying a potential generated between said
first and said second electrode, and wherein said handheld device
further comprises said electric-powered device, such as a light
emitting device, connected with an output side of said boost
converter.
18. An electrochemical device according to claim 5, further
comprising an electrical circuit; wherein said handheld device is
adapted for being used in connection with said external fluid,
wherein said head portion is provided with a functional unit,
wherein said head portion is provided with at least said first
electrode and said second electrode adapted for providing said
galvanic cell when said head portion is exposed to said external
fluid, said first electrode and said second electrode being
connected with said electrical circuit comprising said boost
converter adapted for amplifying a potential generated between said
first and said second electrode, and wherein said handheld device
further comprises said electric-powered device, such as a light
emitting device, connected with an output side of said boost
converter, wherein said functional unit is a brush assembly or a
razor assembly.
19. An electrochemical device according to claim 5, further
comprising an electrical circuit; wherein said handheld device is
adapted for being used in connection with said external fluid,
wherein said head portion is provided with a functional unit,
wherein said head portion is provided with at least said first
electrode and said second electrode adapted for providing said
galvanic cell when said head portion is exposed to said external
fluid, said first electrode and said second electrode being
connected with said electrical circuit comprising said boost
converter adapted for amplifying a potential generated between said
first and said second electrode, and wherein said handheld device
further comprises said electric-powered device, such as a light
emitting device, connected with an output side of said boost
converter, wherein the electric-powered device is a light emitting
device or and ultrasound transducer adapted for transmitting
pulses.
20. An electrochemical device according to claim 17, wherein said
handheld device is a toothbrush and said head portion is a brush
head of the toothbrush.
21. (canceled)
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to an electrochemical device
for releasing ions, comprising an electrical circuit comprising a
first electrode and a second electrode adapted for providing a
galvanic cell, when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid
constituting an electrolyte, and a boost converter adapted for
amplifying a potential generated between the first and the second
electrode. The present invention further relates to devices, such
as a toothbrush or a shaver, adapted for being used in connection
with a fluid, comprising such electrochemical device for releasing
ions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Minerals and ions are extensively used and widely recognized
for their positive effects on the human body. Minerals and ions may
for example be used to prevent the formation of bacteria, viruses
and fungal infections. The use of microcurrent are also know for
purposes such as eliminating bacteria, stimulating cells of the
human body or iontophoresis, which is transportation of ions in a
medium and may be used for non-invasive delivery of medicine to the
body. Additionally, light of various wavelengths are known to have
various advantageous effects.
[0003] In recent years, we have seen that many traditional products
have been redesigned or upgraded with the purpose of improving or
contributing in a positive way to the health of the user. Various
devices used in everyday life, such as toothbrushes or shavers, are
often low-cost, expendable devices with basic functionalities.
Possibilities for improving the functionality of such devices are
often restricted by the need for keeping manufacturing costs as low
as possible. Improvements may be directed to the direct
functionality of the device, e.g. by providing new health improving
functionalities, or more indirectly by improving the user
experience and thereby increasing compliance and correct use.
[0004] Toothbrushes and shavers have been developed to include
various functionalities based on electronics and internal power
supplies. Electronic toothbrushes for example, may measure various
parameters during brushing to improve brushing quality. Ionic
toothbrushes incorporating a power source for controlling release
of ions, and shavers incorporating battery powered vibration
modules for improving shaving quality are other examples. A
disadvantage related to these devices is the increase in complexity
and thus, the cost of the devices.
[0005] A need exists for improving the functionality of everyday
devices without considerable increasing product complexity and
cost. Further, it may be advantageous to integrate health
stimulation functionalities, such as ion or mineral release, into
devices used extensively in everyday life.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide simple
devices that may help to improved quality of treatment and the
health of the user.
[0007] In particular, it may be seen as a further object of the
present invention to provide devices that are able to release ions,
minerals and/or microcurrent during use, and that are relatively
inexpensive to produce.
[0008] Still further, it may be seen as an object of the present
invention to provide everyday devices incorporating an electrical
circuit powered without the need for an integrated power source,
such as a battery.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] Thus, the above described object and several other objects
are intended to be obtained in a first aspect of the invention by
providing an electrochemical device, comprising a first part and a
second part, the first part comprising: a first and a second
electrode adapted for providing a galvanic cell when the first and
second electrode are exposed to an external fluid, the external
fluid constituting an electrolyte; one or more electrochemical
systems; the galvanic cell adapted to power, when in operation, the
one or more electrochemical systems; the second part comprising a
boost converter adapted for amplyfing a potential generated between
the first electrode and the second electrode.
[0010] The external fluid is a fluid not comprised, i.e. not
present in the electrochemical device.
[0011] The external fluid may be an aqueous solution comprising
salts.
[0012] The external fluid may be a body fluid, such as sweat or
saliva.
[0013] The one or more electrochemical systems may be an
electrolytic cell and/or an electric-powered device, such as a
light emitting device.
[0014] Thus, in some embodiments the one or more electrochemical
system is an electric-powered device.
[0015] In some other embodiments, the one or more electrochemical
system are at least two electrochemical systems.
[0016] In some further embodiments, the at least two
electrochemical systems are an electrolytic cell and an electric
powered device.
[0017] In some embodiments, the electric-powered device is a light
emitting device or an ultrasound transducer, connected with an
output side of the boost converter.
[0018] In some embodiments, the electrochemical device is an
handheld device, wherein the first part is a handle portion for
being held in the hand of a user, and the second part is a head
portion adapted to be in contact with the external fluid.
[0019] First and second electrode are located in the first part or
head portion as, in order to power the electrochemical system, the
galvanic cell and thus the first and second electrode need to be
exposed to an external fluid.
[0020] The first and second electrode are thus adapted to be
exposed to a fluid that is provided externally, i.e. from the
outside of the electrochemical device and not comprised in the
electrochemical device. Accordingly, first and second electrode may
be either placed on the external surface of the first part or head
portion so as to be exposed to an external fluid present onto the
external surface of the first part or head portion.
[0021] Thus, the above described object and several other objects
are intended to be obtained in a first embodiment of the invention
by providing an electrochemical device for releasing ions,
comprising an electrical circuit comprising: a first electrode and
a second electrode adapted for providing a galvanic cell when the
electrodes are exposed to a fluid constituting an electrolyte, and
a boost converter adapted for amplifying a potential generated
between the first and the second electrode, wherein the electrical
circuit further comprises a third electrode connected with an
output side of the boost converter, the second and the third
electrode, when exposed to the fluid constituting an electrolyte,
being adapted for providing an electrolytic cell powered by the
galvanic cell, whereby during the electrochemical processes in the
galvanic cell and the electrolytic cell ions are released from one
or more or the electrodes into the electrolyte.
[0022] Thus, in some embodiments the one or more electrochemical
system may be an electrolytic cell provided by a third electrode
connected with an output side of the boost converter and the second
electrode when exposed to the external fluid constituting an
electrolyte, whereby when in operation ions are released from one
or more of the first, second or third electrode into the external
fluid constituting an electrolyte.
[0023] As described for the first and second electrode, also the
third electrode and the second electrode need to be exposed to an
external fluid so as to provide an electrolytic cell. Thus first,
second and third electrode are located in the first part or head
portion.
[0024] The first, second and third electrode are thus adapted to be
exposed to a fluid that is provided externally, i.e. from the
outside of the electrochemical device and not comprised in the
electrochemical device. Accordingly, first, second and third
electrode may be either placed on the external surface of the first
part or on the head portion so as to be exposed to an external
fluid present onto the external surface of the first part or head
portion.
[0025] Hereby, a self-powering electrochemical device that is able
to release ions, minerals and microcurrent is provided. The
electrochemical device may be implemented in a wide variety of
products, some of which will be further described below. The
galvanic cell and the integrated boost converter provides an output
potential sufficient to power various electric-powered devices and
the electrolytic process of an electrolytic cell. Hereby, by
choosing suitable materials for the electrodes, ions and minerals
with beneficial properties may be released by the device. Ions and
minerals may be used for various purposes, e.g. in relation to the
human or animal body or for cleaning or disinfection purposes. A
further result of the electrochemical process is that an electrical
field is created between the electrodes. Such electrical field may
be used in an iontophoresis process for transportation of the
released ions. Iontophoresis may for example be used for
transporting charged ions into the body.
[0026] In one embodiment of the electrochemical device the first
electrode may be a cathode electrode of the galvanic cell, the
third electrode may be a second cathode electrode of the
electrolytic cell, and the second electrode may be a common anode
electrode shared by the galvanic and the electrolytic cells. In
some embodiments, the first electrode is a cathode electrode of the
galvanic cell, said third electrode is a cathode electrode of the
electrolytic cell, and the second electrode is a common anode
electrode shared by the galvanic cell and the electrolytic
cell.
[0027] In another embodiment the third electrode may constitute a
second anode electrode. Further, the electrical circuit may
comprise a fourth electrode constituting a second anode electrode
connected with an output side of the boost converter.
[0028] In some embodiments, the fourth electrode may be a
cathode.
[0029] In addition, the first electrode may comprise materials or a
combination of materials chosen from gold, silver, copper, lead,
tin, nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium, zinc, manganese, graphene,
carbon nanotubes or fullerenes. The second electrode may comprise
materials or a combination of materials chosen from lithium,
rubidium, potassium, caesium, barium, strontium, calcium, sodium,
magnesium, aluminium and tin. The third and fourth electrodes may
comprise materials or a combination of materials chosen from any of
the above mentioned groups of materials.
[0030] In the embodiment wherein the first electrode is the first
cathode electrode, the first electrode may preferably comprise
materials or a combination of materials chosen from gold, silver,
copper, graphite or graphene, such as carbon nanotubes, the second
electrode being the common anode electrode may preferably comprise
materials or a combination of materials chosen from magnesium or
zinc, and the third electrode being the second cathode electrode
may preferably comprise materials or a combination of materials
chosen from gold, silver or copper.
[0031] Additionally, the electrical circuit of the electrochemical
device may comprise a light emitting device or an ultrasound
transducer connected with the output side of the boost converter.
Hereby, light and pulses with associated advantageous effect may be
released from the device. Further, the light emitting device may be
adapted for emitting light in the ultra violet spectrum suitable
for killing bacteria.
[0032] As an alternative or supplement to the light emitting device
or an ultrasound transducer, the electric circuit may comprise
other electric-powered devices, such as a loudspeaker, connected
with the output side of the boost converter. The electrical circuit
may also comprise both a light emitting device and an ultrasound
transducer. Also, the electrical circuit may comprise a
timer-circuit for measuring time.
[0033] The boost converter of the electrochemical device described
above may comprise an inductor in the form of a toroidal core
inductor comprising a toroidal core made from a ferromagnetic
material, and a coil.
[0034] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the
above-described electrochemical device may be incorporated in a
toothbrush, wherein the electrodes are provided on a brush head
portion of the toothbrush and ions may be released from the
electrodes into the oral cavity. Further, the electric field
created by the electrodes may have certain advantageous effects,
such as facilitating transportation of released ions into e.g. the
teeth.
[0035] According to a still further embodiment of the invention,
the above-described electrochemical device may be incorporated in a
shaver comprising a shaver head portion, wherein the electrodes are
provided on the shaver head portion and ions may be released from
the electrodes onto the skin. Further, the electric field created
by the electrodes may have certain advantageous effects, such as
facilitating transportation of released ions into the skin.
[0036] According to a still further embodiment of the invention,
the above-described electrochemical device may be incorporated in a
bottle cap for a bottle or other type of container, wherein the
electrodes are provided on an inner surface of the bottle cap and
adapted for being exposed to a fluid in the bottle, whereby when
the electrodes are exposed to the fluid, ions may be released from
the electrodes into the fluid in the bottle.
[0037] According to a still further embodiment of the invention,
the above-described electrochemical device may be incorporated in a
water-cleaning device adapted for cleaning a fluid in a container,
wherein the electrochemical device is arranged in a housing adapted
for being at least partially submerged into a fluid, and wherein
the electrodes are provided on an outer surface of the housing
adapted for being submerged, whereby when the electrodes are
exposed to the fluid, ions may be released from the electrodes into
the fluid.
[0038] According to a still further embodiment of the invention,
the above-described electrochemical device may be incorporated in a
wound disinfection device for cleaning wounded skin, wherein the
electrochemical device is arranged in a housing and the electrodes
are provided on an exterior interface adapted for being pressed
onto an area of a wounded skin, whereby when the electrodes are
exposed to fluids in the wound area, ions are released from the
electrodes into the fluids and the wound. Further, the electric
field created by the electrodes may have certain advantageous
effects, such as facilitating transportation of released ions into
the skin and wound.
[0039] According to a still further embodiment of the invention,
the above-described electrochemical device may be incorporated in a
light band comprising a plurality of light emitting device
connected with the electrical circuit, wherein the electrodes are
arranged on an inner surface of the light band adapted for coming
into contact with the skin of a user whereby when the electrodes
are exposed to a fluid on the skin, such as perspiration, the
potential created by the galvanic element powers the light emitting
devices and ions are released from the electrodes.
[0040] Alternatively, the light band may comprise only the first
and a second electrode arranged on the inner surface of the light
band and adapted for providing a galvanic cell when the inner
surface is exposed to a fluid, and the plurality of light emitting
devices may be connected with an output side of the boost converter
of the electrical circuit and thereby powered by the galvanic
cell.
[0041] The above described object and several other objects may
also be obtained in another embodiment of the invention by
providing a handheld device, such as a toothbrush or a shaver,
adapted for being used in connection with a fluid, the handheld
device comprising: a handle portion for being held in the hand of a
user, a head portion provided with a functional unit, such as a
brush assembly or a razor assembly, and an electrical circuit,
wherein the head portion is provided with at least a first
electrode and a second electrode adapted for providing a galvanic
cell when the head portion is exposed to the fluid, the first
electrode and the second electrode being connected with the
electrical circuit comprising a boost converter adapted for
amplifying a potential generated between the first and the second
electrode, and wherein the handheld device further comprises an
electric-powered device, such as a light emitting device, connected
with an output side of the boost converter.
[0042] According to one embodiment of the handheld device, the
first electrode may be a cathode electrode and the second electrode
may be an anode electrode. Further, the head portion may be
provided with a third electrode connected with an output side of
the boost converter, and the second and the third electrodes may be
adapted for providing an electrolytic cell, when the head portion
is exposed to the fluid. Additionally, the third electrode may be a
second cathode electrode or alternatively a second anode
electrode.
[0043] In the embodiment of the handheld device wherein the first
electrode is a first cathode electrode, the first electrode may
preferably comprise materials or a combination of materials chosen
from gold, silver, copper, graphite or graphene, such as carbon
nanotubes, the second electrode being a common anode electrode may
preferably comprise materials or a combination of materials chosen
from magnesium or zinc, and the third electrode being the second
cathode electrode may preferably comprise materials or a
combination of materials chosen from gold, silver or copper.
[0044] Further, the electric-powered device may be a light emitting
device, such as an LED or an ultrasound transducer adapted for
transmitting pulses. In addition, the light emitting device may be
adapted for emitting light in the ultra violet spectrum suitable
for killing bacteria. The handheld device may also comprise both a
light emitting diode device and an ultrasound transducer. In
addition, the electric-powered device may be a loudspeaker.
Furthermore, the electrical circuit may comprises a timer-circuit
for measuring time.
[0045] Still further, the boost converter of the handheld device
may comprise an inductor in the form of a toroidal core inductor
comprising a toroidal core made from a ferromagnetic material, and
a coil wound around the core.
[0046] In one embodiment of the handheld device described above,
the first electrode may comprise gold, silver, copper graphite or
graphene, such as carbon nanotubes or fullerenes, or a combination
of these, and the second electrode may comprise magnesium or zinc.
Further, the third electrode may comprise silver or copper.
[0047] In one embodiment, the handheld device is a toothbrush and
the head portion is a brush head of the toothbrush. In another
embodiment, the handheld device is a dish brush and the head
portion is a brush head of the dish brush. Further, one or more of
the electrodes may be incorporated in the brush assembly of
toothbrush or the dish brush.
[0048] Alternatively, the handheld device may be a shaver, wherein
the head portion is a shaver head provided with one or more razor
blades.
[0049] Further embodiments, advantages and features of the present
invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to
the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying
drawings.
[0050] The first and other aspects and/or embodiments of the
present invention may each be combined with any of the other
aspects and/or embodiments. These and other aspects and/or
embodiments of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated
with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0051] The electrochemical device and the handheld device according
to the invention will now be described in more detail with regard
to the accompanying figures. The figures show one way of
implementing the present invention and is not to be construed as
being limiting to other possible embodiments falling within the
scope of the attached claim set.
[0052] FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are schematic diagrams of an
electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the
invention.
[0053] FIG. 1D is a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit of
an electrochemical device according to some embodiments of the
invention.
[0054] FIG. 2a-2c show different embodiments of a handheld device
in the form of a toothbrush.
[0055] FIG. 3 shows a brushing head of the toothbrush.
[0056] FIGS. 4a and 4b show different embodiments of a handheld
device in the form of a shaver.
[0057] FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of a dish brush according to
some embodiments of the invention.
[0058] FIG. 6 shows a schematic drawing of a water-cleaning device
comprising an electrochemical device.
[0059] FIG. 7 shows a schematic drawing of a wound disinfection
device comprising an electrochemical device.
[0060] FIG. 8 shows a cross-section of a bottle cap comprising an
electrochemical device.
[0061] FIG. 9 shows front- and backsides of a light band comprising
an electrochemical device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT
[0062] FIG. 1A shows an electrochemical device 106 comprising
comprising a first electrode 105 and a second electrode 104
connected to a boost converter 101. The first and second electrodes
being adapted for providing a galvanic cell 103 when the electrodes
are exposed to an external fluid constituting an electrolyte of the
galvanic cell. When the electrodes 104 and 105 are immersed in the
electrolyte a potential (V.sub.in), which may be determined an
input potential, is generated between the electrodes. The input
potential is amplified by the boost converter 101 to an output
potential (V.sub.out) delivered on an output side of the boost
converter.
[0063] The galvanic cell 103, in the first part of the
electrochemical device, is adapted to power, when in operation, an
electrochemical system 102; the boost converter 101 is adapted for
amplyfing a potential generated between the first electrode and the
second electrode.
[0064] FIG. 1B shows an electrochemical device 107 comprising
comprising a first electrode 109 and a second electrode 110
connected to a boost converter 113 providing the galvanic cell
108.
[0065] In the electrochemical device 107, the electrochemical
system powered by the galvanic cell 108 is the electrolytic cell
112 provided by a third electrode 111 connected with an output side
of the boost converter 113 and the second electrode 110 when
exposed to the external fluid constituting an electrolyte.
[0066] FIG. 1C shows an electrochemical device 121 comprising a
first electrode 119 and a second electrode 118 connected to a boost
converter 114.
[0067] In the electrochemical device 121, the galvanic cell 120
powers two electrochemical systems being an electrolytic cell 116
provided by the second electrode 118 and the third electrode 117
and an electric powered device 115 connected with an output side of
the boost converter 114.
[0068] FIG. 1D shows an electrochemical device comprising an
electrical circuit 14 comprising a first electrode 15 and a second
electrode 16 connected to a boost converter 18. The first and
second electrodes being adapted for providing a galvanic cell when
the electrodes are exposed to a fluid constituting an electrolyte
of the galvanic cell. When the electrodes 14, 15 are immersed in
the electrolyte a potential (V.sub.in), which may be determined an
input potential, is generated between the electrodes. The input
potential is amplified by the boost converter 16 to an output
potential (V.sub.out) delivered on an output side of the boost
converter.
[0069] The boost converter 18 is a DC-DC converter comprising an
inductor 21 and a transistor T. The inductor comprises a core 22
and a coil 23 wound around the core. The coil comprises a primary
winding connected with a collector terminal of the transistor T,
and a secondary winding connected with a base terminal of the
transistor via a resistor R. The boost converter 18 may also be
denoted a switched-mode power supply or a blocking oscillator. The
first electrode is connected to the inductor and the second
electrode is connected with an emitter terminal of the transistor.
The boost converter 18 hereby amplifies the potential between the
first and second electrodes to an output potential, V.sub.out of
approximately 3-15 V delivered as high frequency pulses. The output
side of the boost converter is defined as the collector and emitter
terminals of the transistor, and the output potential is the
potential between the collector and emitter of the transistor.
Details about the functionality of the boost converter should be
readily understood by the skilled person. Further, the boost
converter may also be constructed in other ways known to the
skilled person, without departing from the scope of the
invention.
[0070] The output potential, V.sub.out delivered by the boost
converter is used to power an electric-powered device 19, such as a
light emitting device, an ultrasound transducer or another type of
electric powered device. Subject to the materials chosen for the
electrodes, the boost converter is able to amplify the potential
created by the galvanic cell using tap water as an electrolyte to a
level sufficient to drive a conventional light emitting diode, LED
or an ultrasound transducer.
[0071] Still referring to FIG. 1D, a third electrode 17 connected
with the output side of the boost converter 18 is provided as part
of the electrical circuit. Together with the second electrode 16,
the third electrode 17 is adapted for providing an electrolytic
cell, when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid constituting an
electrolyte of the electrolytic cell. The output potential,
V.sub.out may generate an electrical current between the second and
the third electrode, sufficient to drive an electrolytic process in
the electrolytic cell.
[0072] Depending on the electrode material and the constituents of
the fluid used as an electrolyte, various reactions may take place.
According to one embodiment, materials for the electrodes are
chosen such that the first electrode 15 constitutes the cathode and
the second electrode 16 constitutes the anode of the galvanic cell.
The first cathode electrode 15 may for example comprise gold,
silver, copper, graphite or graphene, e.g. in the form of carbon
nanotubes or fullerenes, or an alloy comprising one or more of
these materials. The anode electrode 16 may comprise magnesium,
zinc, or an alloy comprising one or more of these materials.
[0073] When the electrodes are exposed to the electrolyte, an
oxidation process takes place at the anode electrode whereby
positive metal ions, such as magnesium ions, are released into the
fluid. During the oxidation reaction electrodes are freed and these
travel to the first electrode 15 or the cathode electrode via the
electrical circuit. At the cathode electrode, a reduction reaction
takes place as the electrodes are absorbed by positive ions. Hereby
the cathode electrode may be considered the positive side and the
anode electrode the negative side of a power supply.
[0074] The electric potential created between the anode electrode
and the cathode electrode of the galvanic cell is determined by the
standard electrode potential of the electrode materials. Fullerenes
and carbon nanotubes provides unique electrical properties and
these may be used for the cathode electrode to increase the
potential created between the electrodes. The maximum theoretical
potential is about 2.4 V, but in practice the potential is somewhat
lower and dependent on amongst others the temperature, ion
concentration and resistance in the electrodes.
[0075] As described above the electrolytic reaction in the
electrolytic cell is powered by the potential created in the
galvanic cell. Again, dependent on the materials chosen for the
electrodes, the electrolytic process may result in various metal
ions such as copper ions or silver ions being released from the
third electrode.
[0076] According to one embodiment, magnesium or zinc or an alloy
comprising these is chosen as the material for the second electrode
and silver or copper or an alloy comprising these is chosen as the
material for the third electrode. With the third electrode
connected to the positive side of the output side of the boost
converter 18, the third electrode will constitute a cathode
electrode of the electrolytic cell. In this exemplary embodiment
the second electrode constitutes a common anode shared by both the
galvanic cell and the electrolytic cell. During the electrolytic
reaction oxidation takes place at the anode and a reduction
reaction takes places at the cathode. Further, the reaction at the
cathode electrode may result in the release of silver or copper
ions, dependent on the material of the cathode electrode.
[0077] The composition of the electrolyte may also influence the
reactions at the electrodes and the associated release of ions.
Accordingly, an electrolyte with specific properties may be used to
achieve specific results. In general the electrode potential and
concentration of ions in a solution has an impact on the reactions
which takes place and which ions that are reduce and oxidised at
the cathode and the anode, respectively.
[0078] Referring to FIG. 2-5, a handheld device according to the
invention will be described in further detail below. The handheld
device comprises a handle portion 11 for being held in the hand of
a user, and a head portion 12 extending from the handle portion.
Further, the head portion is provided with a functional unit 13,
such as a brush assembly 13a. A first electrode 15 and a second
electrode 16 connected with an electrical circuit 14 are arranged
on the head portion, adapted for providing a galvanic cell when the
head portion in exposed to a fluid constituting an electrolyte.
Finally, the handheld device comprises an electric-powered device
19, such as a light emitting device 19a, connected with the
electrical circuit.
[0079] FIG. 2a shows a handheld device in the form of a toothbrush
1a. The toothbrush comprising a handle portion 11 and a head
portion in the form of a bush head 12a provided with a functional
unit in the form of a brush assembly 13a. The toothbrush further
comprises an electrical circuit 14 and electrodes 15, 16 as
described above. The electrodes are shown to be positioned at
opposite sides of the head portion and connected to the remaining
electrical circuit integrated in the handle portion 11. The
electric-powered device is a light emitting device 19a which may
comprise one or more light emitting diodes. The electrical circuit
including the boost converter 18 and the electric-powered device
may alternatively be integrated in the head portion or other parts
of the toothbrush as envisaged by the skilled person.
[0080] When the toothbrush is used, the electrodes in combination
with an external fluid, i.e. water, saliva and/or toothpaste create
a galvanic cell as described above. The galvanic cell powers the
light emitting device 19a via the boost converter 18 and light may
be emitted. The light emitted may be used for both functional
purposes and for guiding the user. In one embodiment the electrical
circuit 14 is provided with a timer circuit (not shown) providing a
timer function. The timer function measures the time the toothbrush
has been used and may for example be activated when the electrodes
are exposed to a fluid for the first time. When the electrodes are
exposed to the fluid the light emitting device emits a light of a
specific colour, e.g. red, and after a predetermined period, for
example 2 minutes, the light emitted changes colour, e.g. to green.
The user is thereby informed about how long the toothbrush has been
used. The light emitting device may also light up to indicate that
the toothbrush is properly used or as a simple gimmick for
stimulating use of the toothbrush. Additionally, the electrical
circuit and the light emitting device may be designed in such a way
that the light emitting device only turns on during a fixed period
starting from the first time the toothbrush is used. Hereby, the
user may be notified when it is time to change the toothbrush. This
functionality may for example be implemented by proper dimensioning
of the size of the electrodes of the galvanic cell, such that the
galvanic cell ceases to operate after a predetermined period of
time.
[0081] In another embodiment, the light emitting device 19 may be
adapted for emitting light in the ultra violet spectrum and the
light emitting device may be arranged at or near the head portion
12. The ultra violet light may be used for killing bacteria either
during use of the toothbrush or between uses. The light emitting
device may also be adapted for emitting light having a whitening
effect on the teeth.
[0082] FIG. 2b shows another embodiment which, compared to the
embodiment of FIG. 2a, additionally comprises a third electrode 17.
The third electrode may function as a second cathode as described
above in connection with the electrochemical device. Hereby, an
electrolytic cell is created when the toothbrush is exposed to a
fluid and an electrolytic process may take place. The electrolytic
process may produce various ions such as copper ions or silver
ions, which may have beneficial effects related to the teeth and
mouth hygiene. For example, copper and silver ions may be used to
fight bacteria, viruses and fungal infections. Additionally,
creating negative ion, such as chloride ions or hydroxide ions may
assist in removing plaque as plaque is boned to the teeth by
positive ions. Further, the potential created between the
electrodes create an electrical field resulting in microcurrents
flowing in the electrolyte and in other parts of the oral cavity,
such as in the teeth. Such microcurrents may facilitate
transportation of charged ions into the teeth and other parts of
the oral cavity.
[0083] FIG. 2c shows another embodiment, which may in addition to
the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, comprise an ultrasound
transducer 19b. The ultrasound transducer is arranged at the head
portion and may be used for emitting vibrations in the form of
ultrasound. Emitted wavelength may be determined based on the
objects to be achieved. For example, ultrasound vibrations may be
used to clean the teeth by removing plaque and other
impurities.
[0084] FIG. 3 shows a brush head 12a, which may be a brush head of
the previous disclosed embodiments. The brush head comprises a
brush assembly 13a comprising a plurality of brushes 131. As shown,
the electrodes may be incorporated in the bush assembly in the form
of brushes 131.
[0085] Further, the toothbrush may be designed and manufactured in
such a way that the brush head 12a constitutes an exchangeable and
disposable part, which can be changed more frequently than the
remaining parts of the toothbrush. For example, it may be
advantageous to be able to change the brush head, if one or more
electrodes has to be replaced. Additionally, by providing an
exchangeable brush head the total live cycle cost and the carbon
footprint of a toothbrush may be reduced.
[0086] FIG. 4a shows a handheld device in the form of a shaver 1c.
The shaver 1c comprising a handle portion 11 and a head portion in
the form of a shaver head 12c provided with one or more razor
blades 13c. The shaver further comprises an electrical circuit 14
and electrodes 15, 16 as described above in connection with the
toothbrush. The electrodes are shown to be positioned at opposite
sides of the head portion and connected to the remaining electrical
circuit integrated in the handle portion 11. The electric-powered
device is a light emitting device 19a, which may comprise one or
more light emitting diodes. The electrical circuit including the
boost converter 18 and the electric-powered device may also be
integrated in the head portion or other parts of the toothbrush as
envisaged by the skilled person.
[0087] When the shaver is used the electrodes come into contact
with water, shaving cream and/or moisture on the skin thereby
creating a galvanic cell according to the principles described
above. The galvanic cell powers the light emitting device 19a via
the boost converter 18 and light may be emitted. The light emitted
may be used for both functional purposes and for guiding the user.
The electrical circuit 14 may be provided with a timer circuit (not
shown) providing a timer function as described above. The light
emitting device may also light up to indicate that the shaver is
properly used or for other purposes envisaged by the skilled
person. As is also described above in relation to the toothbrush,
the light emitting device 19 may also be adapted for emitting light
in the ultra violet spectrum. Additionally, the electrical circuit
and the light emitting device may be designed in such a way that
the light emitting device only turns on during a fixed period
starting from the first time of use of the shaver or a shaver head.
Hereby, the user may be notified when it is time to change the
shaver or the shaver head. This functionality may for example be
implemented by dimensioning of the size of the electrodes in such a
way that the galvanic cell ceases to operate after a predetermined
period.
[0088] FIG. 4b shows another embodiment of a shaver which, compared
to the embodiment of FIG. 4a, additionally comprises a third
electrode 17. When using the shaver in connection with water,
moisture on the skin and/or shaving cream an electrolytic cell and
associated electrolytic reaction as described above may be created.
Also as described above, the electrolytic process may produce
various ions and microcurrents, which may have beneficial effects
related to the skin. Further, the shaver may be designed and
manufactured in such a way that the shaver head 12c constitutes an
exchangeable and disposable part, which can be changed more
frequently than the remaining parts of the shaver. This may for
obvious reasons be advantageous, if one or more electrodes needs
replacement before the remaining shaver components.
[0089] In one embodiment the shaver may also be provided with an
ultrasound transducer (not shown) or other vibration module adapted
for emitting vibrations. Vibrating a shaver head is a known method
form improving shaving quality. According to the present invention,
a vibration module may be powered by a galvanic cell using shaving
cream, water and/or skin moisture as an electrolyte.
[0090] Consequently, no external or integrated power supply, such
as a battery, is needed.
[0091] FIG. 5 shows a handheld device in the form of a dish brush.
The dish brush comprises a handle portion 11 and a head portion in
the form of a bush head 12b provided with a functional unit in the
form of a brush assembly 13b. The dish brush further comprises an
electrical circuit 14 as indicated by the dotted square and first
and second electrodes 15, 16 shown to be incorporated in the brush
assembly. Here it is noted that the electrodes 15, 16 may also be
incorporated in other parts of the brush head 12b as described in
connection with the toothbrush embodiments. The electrical circuit
may be fully or partly integrated in the handle portion. The
electrical circuit comprises an electric-powered device in the form
of a light emitting device 19a, which may comprise one or more
light emitting diodes. The light emitting device may be arrange
either in connection with the head portion or the handle
portion.
[0092] The dish brush may further comprise an ultrasound transducer
(not shown) or other vibration module adapted for emitting
vibrations. Vibrations may be used for removing dirt or other
substances, which are especially difficult to rinse off, such as
burned or dried foodstuff. The ultrasound transducer or vibration
module may be selectively activated by the user of simply activated
when the dish brush is exposed to a fluid.
[0093] When the dish brush is used in combination with water or
other fluids a galvanic cell is created according to principles
described earlier. The galvanic cell powers the light emitting
device 19a, and possible also the vibration module. The light
emitted may be used for both functional purposes and for guiding
the user. In one embodiment the electrical circuit 14 is provided
with a temperature sensor (not shown) for measuring a temperature
of the water used in connection with the dish brush. The
temperature sensor monitors the temperature and informs the user
via the light emitting device when the temperature is below or
above a predefined temperature threshold. This may be done by a
change in colour of the light emitted. Additionally, the electrical
circuit may be provided with a timer function for measuring how
long the dish brush has been used. The dish brush may also
incorporate features and functions mentioned in relation to the
toothbrush embodiments.
[0094] In another embodiment, the light emitting device 19 may be
adapted for emitting light in the ultra violet spectrum and the
light emitting device may be arranged in such a way that emitted
light reaches the brush assembly 13b. The ultra violet light may be
used for killing bacteria during use or between uses of the dish
brush.
[0095] FIG. 6 shows a water-cleaning device 3 submerged in a
container containing water or possibly another fluid. The
water-cleaning device integrates the electrochemical device 1 as
described above, and the electrical circuit 14 is arranged in a
housing 31. The housing is adapted for being submerged in water and
the electrodes 15, 16, 17 of the electrochemical device are
provided on an outer surface 32 of the housing. When the
water-cleaning device is submerged and the electrodes are exposed
to water, the galvanic and electrolytic reactions described above
are initiated. Hereby, ions may be released from the electrodes
into the water, which may help to kill bacteria, clean the water or
enrich the water with beneficial ions and minerals.
[0096] FIG. 7 shows a wound disinfection device for cleaning
wounded skin, such as an insect bite. The wound disinfection device
integrates the electrochemical device 1 as described above, and the
electrical circuit 14 is arranged in a housing 41. The electrodes
are provided on an exterior interface 42 of the housing adapted for
being pressed onto an area of a wounded skin. When the electrodes
are exposed to fluids in the wound area, ions and microcurrent may
be released from the electrodes into the fluids and the wound.
[0097] FIG. 8 shows a cross-section of a bottle cap 5 for being
mounted on a bottle. The bottle cap comprises a flange 52 for being
mounted on a bottle or other containers (not shown) and a fluid
passage 53 through which fluid may flow from the bottle. The bottle
cap further comprises the electrochemical device 1 as described
above, with the electrodes mounted in the fluid passage on an inner
surface 51 of the bottle cap. Hereby, the electrodes are exposed to
fluids flowing from the bottle. When the electrodes are exposed to
the fluid, ions may be released into the water, which may help to
kill bacteria, clean the water or enrich the water with beneficial
ions and minerals.
[0098] FIG. 9 shows front- and backsides of a light band 6, which
may be a headband or an armband adapted for being worn around the
head, arm or other parts of the body. The light band may also be
integrated in other wearable garments. The light band comprises the
electrochemical device 1 described above and a plurality of light
emitting devices 19a arranged on an outer surface 61 of the light
band. The light emitting devices 19a are electrically connected
with the electrical circuit 14 and the boost converter 18. The
electrodes 15, 16, 17 are arranged on an inner surface 62 of the
light band adapted for coming into contact with the skin of a user.
Hereby, when the electrodes are exposed to fluids on the skin, such
as perspiration, the light emitting devices are powered by the
galvanic cell and ions may be released from the electrodes to the
skin.
[0099] Although the present invention has been described in
connection with the specified embodiments, it should not be
construed as being in any way limited to the presented examples.
The handheld device may for example also be a mobile phone or
tablet, in which the galvanic cell in combination with the boost
converter may be used as a backup power source or as a source for
charging batteries.
[0100] The scope of the present invention is set out by the
accompanying claim set. In the context of the claims, the terms
"comprising" or "comprises" do not exclude other possible elements
or steps. Also, the mentioning of references such as "a" or "an"
etc. should not be construed as excluding a plurality. The use of
reference signs in the claims with respect to elements indicated in
the figures shall also not be construed as limiting the scope of
the invention. Furthermore, individual features mentioned in
different claims, may possibly be advantageously combined, and the
mentioning of these features in different claims does not exclude
that a combination of features is not possible and
advantageous.
[0101] Items
[0102] The invention also relates to the following items: [0103] 1.
An electrochemical device (1) for releasing ions, comprising an
electrical circuit (14) comprising: [0104] a first electrode (15)
and a second electrode (16) adapted for providing a galvanic cell
when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid constituting an
electrolyte, and [0105] a boost converter (18) adapted for
amplifying a potential (V.sub.in) generated between the first
electrode and the second electrode, [0106] wherein the electrical
circuit further comprises a third electrode (17) connected with an
output side of the boost converter, the second electrode and the
third electrode, when exposed to the fluid constituting an
electrolyte, being adapted for providing an electrolytic cell
powered by the galvanic cell, whereby during the electrochemical
processes in the galvanic cell and the electrolytic cell ions may
be released from one or more or the electrodes into the
electrolyte. [0107] 2. An electrochemical device according to item
1, wherein the first electrode is a cathode electrode (15) of the
galvanic cell, the third electrode is a cathode electrode of the
electrolytic cell, and the second electrode is a common anode
electrode (16) shared by the galvanic cell and the electrolytic
cell. [0108] 3. An electrochemical device according to item 1 or 2,
wherein electrical circuit further comprises a light emitting
device (19a) or an ultrasound transducer (19b), connected with an
output side of the boost converter. [0109] 4. An electrochemical
device according to any of the previous items, wherein the boost
converter comprises an inductor (21) in the form of a toroidal core
inductor comprising a toroidal core (22) made from a ferromagnetic
material, and a coil (23) wound around the toroidal core. [0110] 5.
An electrochemical device according to any of the previous items,
wherein the first electrode comprises graphene, such as carbon
nanotubes or fullerenes, the anode electrode comprises magnesium or
zinc, and the third electrode comprises silver or copper. [0111] 6.
A toothbrush (1a) comprising the electrochemical device as
described in any of the items 1-5, wherein the electrodes are
provided on a brush head portion (12a) of the toothbrush, whereby
when the electrodes are exposed to a fluid in the oral cavity, ions
may be released from the electrodes into the oral cavity. [0112] 7.
A shaver (1c) comprising the electrochemical device as described in
any of the items 1-5, wherein the electrodes are provided on a
shaver head portion (12c) of the shaver, whereby when the
electrodes are exposed to a fluid on the skin, ions may be released
from the electrodes onto the skin. [0113] 8. A bottle cap (5) for
being mounted on a bottle, comprising the electrochemical device as
described in any of the items 1-5, wherein the electrodes are
provided on an inner surface (51) of the bottle cap arranged for
being exposed to a fluid in the bottle, whereby ions may be
released from the electrodes into the fluid, when the fluid passes
the electrodes. [0114] 9. A water-cleaning device (3) adapted for
cleaning water in a container, the water-cleaning device comprising
the electrochemical device as described in any of the claim items
1-5 arranged in a housing (31) adapted for being at least partially
submerged in water, wherein the electrodes are provided on an outer
surface (32) of the housing adapted for being submerged, whereby
when the electrodes are exposed to water, ions may be released from
the electrodes into the water. [0115] 10. A wound disinfection
device (4) for cleaning wounded skin, comprising an electrochemical
device as described in any of the items 1-5 arranged in a housing
(41), wherein the electrodes are provided on an exterior interface
(42) adapted for being pressed onto an area of a wounded skin,
whereby when the electrodes are exposed to fluids in the wound
area, ions may be released from the electrodes into the fluids and
the wound. [0116] 11. A handheld device (2), such as a toothbrush
or a shaver, adapted for being used in connection with a fluid,
comprising: [0117] a handle portion (11) for being held in the hand
of a user, [0118] a head portion (12) provided with a functional
unit (13), such as a brush assembly or a razor assembly, and [0119]
an electrical circuit (14), [0120] wherein the head portion is
provided with at least a first electrode (15) and a second
electrode (16) adapted for providing a galvanic cell when the head
portion is exposed to the fluid, the first electrode and the second
electrode being connected with the electrical circuit comprising a
boost converter (18) adapted for amplifying a potential (V.sub.in)
generated between the first and the second electrode, and wherein
the handheld device further comprises an electric-powered device
(19), such as a light emitting device (19a), connected with an
output side of the boost converter. [0121] 12. A handheld device
according to item 11, wherein the first electrode is a cathode
electrode (15) and the second electrode is an anode electrode (16)
of the galvanic cell. [0122] 13. A handheld device according to
item 11 or 12, wherein the electric-powered device is a light
emitting device (19a) or and ultrasound transducer (19b) adapted
for transmitting pulses. [0123] 14. A handheld device according to
any of the items 11-13, wherein the handheld device is a toothbrush
(1a) and the head portion is a brush head (12a) of the toothbrush.
[0124] 15. A handheld device according to any of the items 11-14,
wherein the head portion is provided with a third electrode (17)
connected with an output side of the boost converter, and the
second and the third electrodes are adapted for providing an
electrolytic cell when the head portion is exposed to the
fluid.
[0125] The invention also relates to the following items and
embodiments according to the first aspect of the invention and its
embodiments: [0126] 16. An electrochemical device according to
first aspect of the invention and its embodiments, wherein the
first electrode comprises graphene, such as carbon nanotubes or
fullerenes, the second electrode comprises magnesium or zinc, and
said third electrode comprises silver or copper. [0127] 17. An
electrochemical device according to first aspect of the invention
and its embodiments, wherein the electrochemical device is a
toothbrush and wherein the first, second and third electrodes are
provided on a brush head portion of the toothbrush, whereby when
the electrodes are exposed to the external fluid in the oral
cavity, ions may be released from the electrodes into the oral
cavity. [0128] 18. An electrochemical device according to first
aspect of the invention and its embodiments, wherein the
electrochemical device is a shaver and wherein the first, second
and third electrodes are provided on a shaver head portion of the
shaver, whereby when the electrodes are exposed to the external
fluid on the skin, ions may be released from the electrodes onto
the skin. [0129] 19. An electrochemical device according to first
aspect of the invention and its embodiments, wherein said
electrochemical device is a bottle cap for being mounted on a
bottle and wherein said first, second and third electrodes are
provided on an inner surface of said bottle cap arranged for being
exposed to said external fluid in said bottle, whereby when the
electrodes are exposed to said external fluid in said bottle, ions
may be released from the electrodes into said external fluid in
said bottle. [0130] 20. An electrochemical device according to
first aspect of the invention and its embodiments, wherein said
electrochemical device is a water-cleaning device adapted for
cleaning water in a container, wherein said first, second and third
electrodes are arranged in a housing adapted for being at least
partially submerged in water, wherein said first, second and third
electrodes are provided on an outer surface of said housing adapted
for being submerged, whereby when the electrodes are exposed to
said external fluid, such as water, ions may be released from the
electrodes into said external fluid. [0131] 21. An electrochemical
device according to first aspect of the invention and its
embodiments, wherein said electrochemical device is a wound
disinfection device for cleaning wounded skin, wherein said first,
second and third electrodes are arranged in a housing and wherein
said first, second and third electrodes are provided on an exterior
interface adapted for being pressed onto an area of a wounded skin,
whereby when the electrodes are exposed to said external fluids
located in the wound area, ions may be released from the electrodes
into said external fluids in the wound area. [0132] 22. An
electrochemical device according to first aspect of the invention
and its embodiments, wherein said electric-powered device is a
light emitting device, connected with an output side of said boost
converter. [0133] 23. An electrochemical device according to first
aspect of the invention and its embodiments, further comprising an
electrical circuit; [0134] wherein said handheld device is adapted
for being used in connection with said external fluid, wherein said
head portion is provided with a functional unit, wherein said head
portion is provided with at least said first electrode and said
second electrode adapted for providing said galvanic cell when said
head portion is exposed to said external fluid, said first
electrode and said second electrode being connected with said
electrical circuit comprising said boost converter adapted for
amplifying a potential (V.sub.in) generated between said first and
said second electrode, and wherein said handheld device further
comprises said electric-powered device, such as a light emitting
device, connected with an output side of said boost converter.
[0135] 24. An electrochemical device according to first aspect of
the invention and its embodiments, wherein said functional unit is
a brush assembly or a razor assembly. [0136] 25. An electrochemical
device according to first aspect of the invention and its
embodiments, wherein the electric-powered device is a light
emitting device or and ultrasound transducer adapted for
transmitting pulses. [0137] 26. An electrochemical device according
to first aspect of the invention and its embodiments, wherein said
handheld device is a toothbrush and said head portion is a brush
head of the toothbrush. [0138] 27. An electrochemical device
according to first aspect of the invention and its embodiments,
wherein said head portion is provided with said third electrode
connected with an output side of said boost converter, and said
second and said third electrodes are adapted for providing an
electrolytic cell when said head portion is exposed to said
external fluid.
* * * * *