U.S. patent application number 15/524952 was filed with the patent office on 2017-12-07 for three-dimensional structural system made from spherical joints and beams.
The applicant listed for this patent is SELFRAMES S.R.L.. Invention is credited to Ettore VENTRELLA, Roberta VENTRELLA.
Application Number | 20170350112 15/524952 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52232348 |
Filed Date | 2017-12-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170350112 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
VENTRELLA; Roberta ; et
al. |
December 7, 2017 |
THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURAL SYSTEM MADE FROM SPHERICAL JOINTS AND
BEAMS
Abstract
Disclosed is a system of spherical joints and tubular beams that
interconnect to make a spatial reticulate construction based on
geometries composed of basic tetrahedral and semi-tetrahedral
modules. The joint includes two equal semispherical caps
symmetrically organized around a central plate with four or more
square fissure sections, joined by a single central screw allowing
simultaneous clamping of eight or more hammer terminals at the beam
ends. These extremities have a prismatic hammer shape with
hexadecagonal base and a multifaceted hemisphere. The frames have a
prismatic square section, allowing rotation only in the plane of
the board of the joint. The design has a prismatic shape with a
square section of multifaceted pole hammer terminals present both
on the hammer head and within the caps which eliminates the
structural instability that arises in the reticular structure due
to the rotation of the beams around the several crux after
clamping.
Inventors: |
VENTRELLA; Roberta; (Napoli,
IT) ; VENTRELLA; Ettore; (Capodrise (CE),
IT) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SELFRAMES S.R.L. |
Caserta (CE) |
|
IT |
|
|
Family ID: |
52232348 |
Appl. No.: |
15/524952 |
Filed: |
October 5, 2015 |
PCT Filed: |
October 5, 2015 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/IT2015/000249 |
371 Date: |
May 5, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 2001/1984 20130101;
E04B 2001/1966 20130101; E04B 1/1906 20130101; E04B 2001/1927
20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04B 1/19 20060101
E04B001/19 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 7, 2014 |
IT |
NA2014A000041 |
Claims
1. Construction system for reticular spatial structures composed of
tubular rods and three-dimensional spherical joints formed by two
equal semi-spherical caps (1) between them and arranged
symmetrically around a central plate (7 or 15) comprising four
internal prismatically shaped cavities with a hexadecagonal base in
the central part and sixteen-sided semi-sphere in the lateral parts
(3) in correspondence with the four slots mutually orthogonal in
the squared section (2) for the insertion and locking of the
terminals (4) of the eight or twelve diagonals tubular hammer rods
of prismatic shape (12) with a basis hexadecagonal in the central
part and sixteen-sided semi-sphere in the lateral parts (12),
supported by a square section shank (14) and locked into the
positions of 0.degree., .+-.22.5, 45.degree., 67.5.degree.,
90.degree. after tightening with a `single central screw (13) along
the `axis of the node (19). Said rods (11) before tightening rotate
freely about the transverse axis (18) of the heads of the hammers
(12) and are then locked into place by tightening the central pin
into the predetermined angles so as to transform and stabilize the
joint hinge into a interlocking joint.
2. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 1, further comprising a cylindrical central plate (7) for
the coupling, an 8-rod of the same diameter as the caps (1) which
corresponds with each side and on the tooth coupling to four slots,
orthogonal to each other, of square section (8) with an angle of
12.5 degrees, for the `insertion and subsequent locking of the
terminals (4) and of the four horizontal beams (11).
3. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 1, further comprising a cylindrical central plate (15) for
the coupling rods (12), of the same diameter as the caps (1), which
has, in correspondence to the lower side, four slots with a square
section (8) with an angle of 12.5 degrees, and eight slits in
correspondence to the upper side, four with angles at 0 degrees
(9), and four with angles of 12.5 degrees (2) corresponding to the
prismatic cavity with a hexadecagonal base in the central part and
sixteen-sided semispherical form on the lateral parts (3) for the
insertion of the terminals (4) and the subsequent locking of the
four rods stream (11).
4. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 1, wherein the terminal is (4) inserted to the two ends of
the rods, consisting of a joining element for joining the tubular
rod, by a groove (16) for the coplanar positioning of the two
terminals, a central cone for connection to the square section, a
prismatic shank with a square base (14), the hammer head with
prismatic shape and the hexadecagonal base in the central part and
the sixteen-sided semisphere in the lateral parts (12).
5. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 1, further comprising `tubular rods of any geometric
section (11) provided by guide in its interior and for its entire
length (17) to allow the correct matching with the groove (16)
present on the terminal (4) and coplanar alignment of the two
terminals.
6. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 1, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
7. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 2, wherein the terminal is (4) inserted to the two ends of
the rods, consisting of a joining element for joining the tubular
rod, by a groove (16) for the coplanar positioning of the two
terminals, a central cone for connection to the square section, a
prismatic shank with a square base (14), the hammer head with
prismatic shape and the hexadecagonal base in the central part and
the sixteen-sided semisphere in the lateral parts (12).
8. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 3, wherein the terminal is (4) inserted to the two ends of
the rods, consisting of a joining element for joining the tubular
rod, by a groove (16) for the coplanar positioning of the two
terminals, a central cone for connection to the square section, a
prismatic shank with a square base (14), the hammer head with
prismatic shape and the hexadecagonal base in the central part and
the sixteen-sided semisphere in the lateral parts (12).
9. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 2, further comprising `tubular rods of any geometric
section (11) provided by guide in its interior and for its entire
length (17) to allow the correct matching with the groove (16)
present on the terminal (4) and coplanar alignment of the two
terminals.
10. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 3, further comprising `tubular rods of any geometric
section (11) provided by guide in its interior and for its entire
length (17) to allow the correct matching with the groove (16)
present on the terminal (4) and coplanar alignment of the two
terminals.
11. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 4, further comprising `tubular rods of any geometric
section (11) provided by guide in its interior and for its entire
length (17) to allow the correct matching with the groove (16)
present on the terminal (4) and coplanar alignment of the two
terminals.
12. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 2, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
13. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 3, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
14. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 4, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
15. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 5, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
16. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 7, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
17. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 8, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
18. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 9, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
19. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 10, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
20. Construction system for reticular spatial structures according
to claim 11, wherein the shape of the hammer head (12) of the
terminal (4) and its housing (3) into the caps (1) and (15), are of
any polygonal geometrical shape in section (hexagon, octagon,
dodecagon, etc.) to increase the friction between the components
heads (12) and cavity (3) and allow the rods take multiple
positions about the transverse axis (18) of the hammer (12).
Description
[0001] The invention (images 1-14) consists of a system for spatial
reticular structures composed of joints and beams. The joints are
composed of two semispherical caps (1) equipped with square fissure
sections (2) and internal cables housing hexadecagonal prismatic
shapes in the central part and multifaceted semispherical shapes in
the lateral parts (3) equal in size to each other and symmetrically
organized round a central plate (7) this is then joined together by
a single central screw (13) with nuts (6) through the central hole
(10). In these caps converge the ends of the tubular beams (4)
composed of hammer heads (12), they also have a prismatic
hexadecagonal shape in the central part and a multifaceted
semispherical shape in the lateral part (12) and they are supported
by a prismatic square stem section (14).
[0002] These elements are assembled through the addition of
terminals (4) fixed at the extremity of beams (11), in the housing
(13) and in the fissures (2), (8) on the caps (3) and the central
plate (7), which achieves a definitive fixing of position due to
the central fulcrum (13) which prevents the beams from moving or
rotating.
[0003] The external diameter of the joints and the length of beams
are variable depending on the reticular structure required and are
based geometrically on tetrahedral and semi-octahedron modules. The
assembly of these modules produces a double (Image 1) and triple
layer (Image 3), whose diagonal beams take on the name of `diagonal
beams` while the horizontal beams take the name of `higher
horizontal beams' if they are above the plate, and lower horizontal
beams if they are below.
[0004] There are already two similar patents for spatial reticular
structures systems, issued to the same inventors and depositors of
this patent, that use joints composed by two semispherical caps
equipped with fissures and housing which flow into the terminals of
the hammer heads beams, joined by a single central fulcrum: the
patent numbers for these systems are no 01260770, owner Ventrella
Ettore and no 0001389994 owner Ventrella Roberta.
[0005] The disadvantages of this system, identified in the
innumerable structures made by the same owners of the patent,
essentially are that the beams can turn around the crux also after
their clamping, causing unexpected inclines of the joint axes,
consequently creating abnormal position and consecutive fleeting
within the spatial reticular structure, especially when in order to
achieve particular shapes not all eight or twelve of the beams
specified in the patent are attached. This happened especially in
the perimeter crux above the double layer plates where only three
lower horizontal beams and two diagonals attach.
[0006] These disadvantages are caused by two main factors: 1) the
hammer terminals of the beams are of a cylindrical shape with a
smooth outside and they are situated in a similar smooth housing
situated in the hemispherical cap of the joint; 2) the stem that
supports the terminal is also cylindrical in shape. Consequently
after the screwing of the central pivot, preventing rotation in the
above invention is entrusted only to the low friction between the
cylindrical smooth heads of the beams and their housing in the
existent hemispherical cap. This friction is insufficient to stop
the rotation of the beams after the assembly and prevent the
instability problems of the spatial reticular structure.
[0007] Instead with this invention the rotation of the beams around
the crux after the screwing of the central bolt (13) is stopped
thanks to the particular shape at the head of the beams. The head
of the beams are hexadecagonal-prismatic section in the centre and
a multifaceted hemisphere in the lateral parts (12) and in the
cavity of their housing in the hemispherical cap (3). Another
(element) characteristic of this invention that prevents the
rotations of joints after their clamping is caused by the frame
(14) which supports the hammer heads (4) of the beams. They also
have a prismatic square shape and they are inserted into the
fissures of the cap and the central plate which also has a
prismatic square structure (2).
[0008] The hexadecagonal section form (polygon with 16 sides) of
the pole's terminals allows one to fix the beams at +45.degree.,
+67.5.degree., +90.degree. and .+-.22.5.degree. diagonals, whereas
for the lower horizontal beams the allowed positions, in addition
to 0.degree., are .+-.22.5.degree.. These beam angles are adequate
for realizing any type of reticular spatial structure with
semi-tetrahedral and/or tetrahedral module.
[0009] In each joint up to eight or twelve beams can meet
together.
[0010] The joint with eight beams (FIGS. 1 and 2) is composed of
two equal spherical caps and they are symmetrical (1) each one
provided with four fissures of 67.5.degree. (2) square section and
hexadecagonal prismatic cavities in the central part and a
multifaceted hemispherical in the lateral parts (3), a central hole
(10), a recess (5)for the housing of nut (6) and a central plate
(7) it also equipped with parallel-piped square section incisions
(8) organized at 90.degree., a superior side (9) and a central hole
(10).
[0011] The locking of the eight beams (11) is done by inserting the
terminals (4) with a prismatic square section stem (14) and
multifaceted hammer heads (12) into the equivalent fissures of the
same stem's form, clamping in the same time with the screw (13)
before four horizontal beams with the intern nut (6) and later
those diagonal with the external nut (6).
[0012] The connection of the terminal (4) into the beams (11) is
done by inserting the grooves (16) into the guide (17) in the
tubular beams (11) (FIG. 5).
[0013] After the clamping the beams are unable to do further
rotations and therefore the aforementioned instability problems for
the spatial reticular structure are avoided.
[0014] The joint with twelve beams (FIGS. 3 and 4) is made up of
the same elements, pole and hemispherical caps of joints with eight
beams (1), whereas the central plate (7) is made up with the plate
(15) equipped with a parallel-piped square section and vertical
fissures (16), to which correspond the prismatic hexadecagonal
section cavities (17) in the central part and a multifaceted
hemisphere in the lateral parts and a central hole (10), in order
to contain the hexadecagonal hammer heads terminals of the other
four horizontal beams an extra central disc is also included
(16).
[0015] The clamping of twelve beams happens through the insert of a
central pivot (13) that fix at the same time to the terminals of
eight beams by nuts (6) and later the other four diagonals through
another external nuts (6).
[0016] The connection between the pole (11) and the terminals with
hammer heads (4) can be achieved through soldering, screwing,
pasting, scraping or deep-drawing the tube.
[0017] The invention is shown with diagrams which demonstrate
assembly.
[0018] FIGS. 1 and 2 represent the diagram of a double layer
reticular spatial structure , in plan and elevation
[0019] FIG. 3 represent closed joint axonometry, made up of two
spherical caps (1) and a central plate (7), in which eight beams
converge and the plan of a spatial reticular structure with
semi-tetrahedron double layer (FIGS. 1, 2) with an interposed
tetrahedron.
[0020] FIG. 4 represents the exploded diagram of the eight pole
joints (11) hidden by two hemispherical caps (1) and a central
plate (7) through one single crew (13). The median nut (6) and the
external nut (6).
[0021] FIGS. 5 and 6 represents the diagram of a triple layer
reticular spatial structure with a semi-tetrahedron base module and
an interposed tetrahedron, in plan and elevation
[0022] FIG. 7 represents the twelve convergent beams (11) joint
axonometry
[0023] FIG. 8 represents the exploded diagram the twelve beams
joint hidden by two hemispherical caps (1), the central plate (15),
and the disk (16) through a single screw (13) and the external nuts
(6).
[0024] FIG. 9 represents the pole (11) with variable length,
diameter and thickness to the extremities of which are fixed,
through soldering, screwing, pasting or scraping to the terminals
(4) from the hexadecagonal section hammer head in the central part
and multifaceted hemispherical in the lateral parts (12) supported
by a square section stem (14).
[0025] FIGS. 10, 11 represent the particularity of the pole's
terminal (4) fitted with a hammer head with a prismatic
hexadecagonal section in the central part and a multifaceted
hemisphere in the lateral parts (12) and a support stem with a
square parallel-piped shape (14).
[0026] FIG. 12 represents the angular positions of the terminals of
the beams after the clamping: 0.degree., .+-.22.5.degree.,
45.degree., 67.5.degree., 90.degree..
[0027] FIG. 13 represents the higher and lower view of the central
plate (15) within the hexadecagonal form cavities in the central
part and a multifaceted hemisphere in the lateral parts (3),
arranged orthogonally and at the external part square section
fissures with 22.5.degree. angulations (8) and tooth coupling
(9);
[0028] FIG. 14 represent the internal and external view of the pole
(1) within the hexadecagonal form cavities in the central part and
a multifaceted hemisphere in the lateral parts (3), arranged
orthogonally and at the external part square section fissures with
67.5.degree. (2) and external recess that lock off the joint
(6).
* * * * *