U.S. patent application number 15/173593 was filed with the patent office on 2017-12-07 for surgical drill and method of controlling the automatic stop thereof.
The applicant listed for this patent is ORION BIOTECH INC.. Invention is credited to Ming-Fu Chiang.
Application Number | 20170348010 15/173593 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60482939 |
Filed Date | 2017-12-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170348010 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Chiang; Ming-Fu |
December 7, 2017 |
SURGICAL DRILL AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE AUTOMATIC STOP
THEREOF
Abstract
A surgical drill includes a drill bit, a driving device
connected and electrically coupled to the drill bit, and a smart
module electrically coupled to the driving device. In a bone
drilling work, the smart module monitors an electrical signal of
the driving device, and if the electrical signal shows a step drop,
the smart module will send a stop command to the driving device to
stop the operation of the driving device.
Inventors: |
Chiang; Ming-Fu; (Taipei,
TW) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
ORION BIOTECH INC. |
Taipei |
|
TW |
|
|
Family ID: |
60482939 |
Appl. No.: |
15/173593 |
Filed: |
June 3, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 2090/031 20160201;
A61B 2090/062 20160201; A61B 17/1626 20130101; A61B 2017/00022
20130101; A61B 90/03 20160201 |
International
Class: |
A61B 17/16 20060101
A61B017/16; A61B 90/00 20060101 A61B090/00 |
Claims
1. A surgical drill comprising: a drill bit, a driving device
coupled to the drill bit, and a smart module electrically coupled
to the driving device, wherein when the surgical drill performs a
bone drilling work, the smart module receives an instantaneous
electrical signal from the driving device, and compares the
instantaneous electrical signal with a reference electrical signal,
and if the instantaneous electrical signal has a step drop with
respect to the reference electrical signal, the smart module sends
a stop command to the driving device to stop operation of the
driving device.
2. The surgical drill according to claim 1, wherein the
instantaneous electrical signal is represented by a voltage.
3. The surgical drill according to claim 1, wherein the reference
electrical signal is a preset electrical signal of the smart
module.
4. The surgical drill according to claim 1, wherein the reference
electrical signal is a sampling electrical signal.
5. The surgical drill according to claim 4, wherein the sampling
electrical signal is an average of all instantaneous electrical
signals in a unit time during the bone drilling work.
6. The surgical drill according to claim 5, wherein the unit time
is a plurality of consecutive seconds, or a fixed time.
7. The surgical drill according to claim 5, wherein the unit time
includes a plurality of consecutive seconds, and the unit time
rolls with working time of the surgical drill.
8. The surgical drill according to claim 5, wherein the
instantaneous electrical signal is compared with the reference
electrical signal that is happened closest to the unit time.
9. The surgical drill according to claim 1, further comprising a
measuring device for obtaining a bone drilling depth, wherein the
measuring device is a non-contact distance measuring device
electrically coupled to the smart module.
10. The surgical drill according to claim 9, wherein the measuring
device is selected from the group consisting of a lightwave
distance measuring module, an infrared distance measuring module,
and a laser distance measuring module.
11. The surgical drill according to claim 10, wherein the bone
drilling depth obtained by the measuring device is displayed on a
display screen of the measuring device.
12. A method of controlling automatic stop of a surgical drill,
executed by a smart module electrically coupled to a driving device
of the surgical drill, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving a plurality of instantaneous electrical signals of the
driving device per second when the surgical drill executes a bone
drilling work; setting a plurality of consecutive seconds as a unit
time, and setting an average of all instantaneous electrical
signals in the unit time as a reference electrical signal;
comparing the instantaneous electrical signal with the reference
electrical signal; and when the instantaneous electrical signal has
a step drop with respect to the reference electrical signal,
sending a stop command to the driving device to stop operation of
the driving device.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the unit time is a
fixed time.
14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the unit time rolls
with working time of the surgical drill.
15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the instantaneous
electrical signal is compared with reference electrical signal that
is happened closest to the unit time.
16. A method of controlling automatic stop of a surgical drill and
measuring a bone drilling depth, executed by a smart module
electrically coupled to a driving device of the surgical drill and
a non-contact distance measuring device electrically coupled to the
smart module, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a
plurality of instantaneous electrical signals of the driving device
per second when the surgical drill executes a bone drilling work;
setting a plurality of consecutive seconds as a unit time, and
setting an average of all instantaneous electrical signals in the
unit time as a reference electrical signal; comparing the
instantaneous electrical signal with the reference electrical
signal; sending a stop command to the driving device to stop
operation of the driving device, when the instantaneous electrical
signal has a step drop with respect to the reference electrical
signal; when the surgical drill is started, the smart module
sending a first distance measuring command to the non-contact
distance measuring device to obtain a first distance (D1) from a
light source emitting point to an outer side of a cortical layer
and send the first distance to the smart module; when the stop
command is sent to stop operation of the driving device, the smart
module sending a second distance measuring command to the
non-contact distance measuring device to obtain a second distance
(D2) from a light source emitting point to an outer side of the
cortical layer and send the second distance (D2) to the smart
module; and executing the operation of [D1-D2] by the smart module
to obtain a bone drilling depth value, and displaying the bone
drilling depth value on a display screen of the bone drilling depth
measuring device.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical
instruments, and more particularly to a surgical drill and a method
of controlling the automatic stop of the surgical drill solar panel
module.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Surgical bone drills are mainly divided into manual drills
and electrical drills. In the manual bone drill, the rotating
speed, the drilling depth, and the start and end of the drill are
controlled manually by a surgeon. The surgeon operates the bone
drill based on experience and hand feel. At the moment of drilling
through bone tissues, the bone drilling resistance drops
significantly and the surgeon's hand may sense such drop
significantly, but the surgeon is unable to stop the drilling
operation instantaneously. Therefore, blood vessels, nerves, or
fascia may be drilled and damaged easily, and the patient safety
may be jeopardized.
[0003] On the other hand, the electrical bone drill steadily
receives electromechanical torque from a mechanical structure to
achieve an automatic rotating effect of a drill bit, so that the
electrical bone drill has the advantages of reducing the force or
load required for the surgeon's drilling operation and shortening
the bone drilling time, but it still has the disadvantage that the
surgeon is unable to feel the drop of bone drilling resistance
through both hands and stop the bone drilling operation timely. If
the surgeon cannot stop drilling bone tissues timely, the
high-speed drill bit may damage blood vessels, nerves, muscles or
fascia more seriously than the manual bone drill.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] Therefore, it is a primary objective of the present
invention to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of the
conventional electrical bone drill by providing a surgical drill
capable of stopping its operation instantaneously while the
surgical drill is drilling bone tissues as well as calculating the
bone drilling depth of the surgical drill automatically.
[0005] To achieve the aforementioned and other objectives, the
present invention provides a surgical drill, comprising: a drill
bit, a driving device coupled to the drill bit, and a smart module
electrically coupled to the driving device; when the surgical drill
performs a bone drilling work, the smart module receives an
instantaneous electrical signal of the driving device, and compares
the instantaneous electrical signal with a reference electrical
signal, and if the instantaneous electrical signal has a step drop
with respect to the reference electrical signal, the smart module
will send a stop command to the driving device to stop the
operation of the driving device.
[0006] To achieve the aforementioned and other objectives, the
present invention provides a method of controlling the automatic
stop of a surgical drill, and the method is executed by a smart
module electrically coupled to a driving device of the surgical
drill. The method comprises the following steps:
[0007] Receive a plurality of instantaneous electrical signals of
the driving device per second when the surgical drill executes a
bone drilling work.
[0008] Set a plurality of consecutive seconds as a unit time, and
use an average of all instantaneous electrical signals in the unit
time as a reference electrical signal.
[0009] Compare the instantaneous electrical signal with the
reference electrical signal.
[0010] When the instantaneous electrical signal has a step drop
with respect to the reference electrical signal, stop the operation
of the driving device and a stop command is sent to the driving
device.
[0011] To achieve the aforementioned and other objectives, the
present invention provides a method of controlling the automatic
stop of a surgical drill and measuring a bone drilling depth, and
the method is executed by a smart module electrically coupled to a
driving device of the surgical drill and a non-contact distance
measuring device electrically coupled to the smart module. The
method comprises the following steps:
[0012] Receive a plurality of instantaneous electrical signals of
the driving device per second when the surgical drill executes a
bone drilling work.
[0013] Set a plurality of consecutive seconds as a unit time, and
use an average of all instantaneous electrical signals in the unit
time as a reference electrical signal.
[0014] Compare the instantaneous electrical signal with the
reference electrical signal.
[0015] Send a stop command to the driving device to stop the
operation of the driving device, when the instantaneous electrical
signal has a step drop with respect to the reference electrical
signal.
[0016] Send a first distance measuring command to the non-contact
distance measuring device by the smart module when the surgical
drill is started, and obtain a first distance (D1) from a light
source emitting point to an outer side of a cortical layer by the
non-contact distance measuring device, and receive the first
distance by the smart module. Send a second distance measuring
command to the non-contact distance measuring device by the smart
module when the surgical drill is controlled to stop its operation
by the smart module, and obtain a second distance (D2) from a light
source emitting point to an outer side of the cortical layer, and
receive the second distance (D2) by the smart module. Execute the
operation of [D1-D2] by the smart module to obtain a bone drilling
depth value, and displaying the bone drilling depth value on a
display screen of the bone drilling depth measuring device.
[0017] The present invention has the following effects:
[0018] The surgical drill may be stopped immediately and
automatically at the moment of drilling bone tissues by a drill
bit. The automatic stop of the operation of the surgical drill
alerts the surgeon that he has already drilled through the cortical
layer already. The automatic stop also provides the safety effect
of protecting the tissues, blood vessels, muscles, nerves and
fascia behind the cortical layer and prevents them from being
damaged by the surgical bone drill that drills through the cortical
layer.
[0019] The smart module of the present invention is compatible with
surgical drill of any model and specification without the need of
changing the structure of the surgical drill or adding additional
components or modules. The smart module of the present invention
has the automatic stop function regardless of the model and
specification of the surgical drill.
[0020] The smart module of the present invention allows the
surgical drill to have the automatic stop function, while
maintaining the external structure of the surgical drill without
requiring extra components, and facilitates the overall
disinfection of the surgical drill for aseptic packaging.
[0021] The surgical drill with the smart module in accordance with
the present invention adopts the non-contact distance measuring
device to achieve the function of calculating the bone drilling
depth automatically while maintaining the external structure of the
surgical drill without requiring any additional component and
facilitates the overall disinfection of the surgical drill for
aseptic packaging.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a surgical drill of the
present invention;
[0023] FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the instantaneous
electrical signal over a time domain, a sampling electrical signal
(or a reference electrical signal) over a fixed time ("FT") and a
step drop ("SD") in accordance with the present invention;
[0024] FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing ascending or rolling unit
times in accordance with the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of a surgical drill
executing a bone drilling work in accordance with the present
invention;
[0026] FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the electrical signal
over a time domain corresponding to FIG. 4;
[0027] FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of a surgical drill
executing a bone drilling work in accordance with the present
invention;
[0028] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of showing the electrical signal
over a time domain corresponding to FIG. 6;
[0029] FIG. 8 is a third schematic view of a surgical drill
executing a bone drilling work in accordance with the present
invention;
[0030] FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the electrical signal
over a time domain corresponding to FIG. 8;
[0031] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a surgical drill executing a
bone drilling depth measurement at the start of a bone drilling
work in accordance with the present invention; and
[0032] FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a surgical drill executing a
bone drilling depth measurement after the drilling is stopped in
accordance with the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0033] The objective of the invention, its structure, innovative
features, and performance will become apparent in the following
detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
[0034] With reference to FIG. 1 for a surgical drill of the present
invention, the surgical drill comprises a drill bit 10, a driving
device 11 connected and electrically coupled to the drill bit 10,
and a smart module 20 electrically coupled to the driving device
11.
[0035] In a surgical drilling work, the smart module 20 continues
monitoring and obtaining an instantaneous electrical signal,
wherein the electrical signal is represented by one including, but
not limited to, a voltage. The smart module 20 compares the
instantaneous electrical signal with a reference electrical signal,
and if the instantaneous electrical signal has a step drop with
respect to the reference electrical signal, the smart module 20
will send a stop command to the driving device 11 to stop the
operation of the driving device 11.
[0036] The reference electrical signal may be an absolute
electrical signal or a sampling electrical signal. The absolute
electrical signal is a built-in default value in the smart module
20. The sampling electrical signal is an average of all
instantaneous electrical signals in a unit time during the surgical
drilling work. The unit time includes a plurality of consecutive
seconds, wherein the unit time may be fixed or rolling with the
working time of the surgical drill. Assumed that consecutive four
seconds are used as a unit time, and the fixed unit time constantly
uses the [N.sup.th to N+3.sup.th] seconds of the bone drilling work
as the sampling time, wherein the sampling time remains constant.
The unit time with the ascending unit time uses the 1.sup.st to
4.sup.th seconds, the second to 5.sup.th seconds, the third to
6.sup.th seconds (so on and so forth) as the sampling time of the
bone drilling work, wherein the sampling time varies and ascends
(or rolls) with the time of the bone drilling work.
[0037] With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 for the schematic views of
using a time domain method to show an instantaneous electrical
signal, a sampling electrical signal (or a reference electrical
signal) and a step drop in accordance with the present invention,
the x-axis represents the surgical drill working time (sec) and the
y-axis represents the electrical signal (voltage) of the driving
device of the surgical drill. During the surgical drilling work,
the smart module 20 obtains the electrical signal per second and
uses it as an instantaneous electrical signal, and the smart module
20 also obtains an average of instantaneous electrical signals in a
unit time and uses it as a reference electrical signal. In FIG. 2,
the reference electrical signal is generated in a fixed unit time.
For example, consecutive four seconds are used as a unit time, and
the second to fifth seconds are used as the fixed unit time (FT),
and an average of all instantaneous electrical signals in the fixed
unit time (FT) is used as a reference electrical signal as well as
a reference for comparing the instantaneous electrical signal per
second. In other words, the instantaneous electrical signals at the
sixth second and thereafter are compared with the reference
electrical signal at the second to fifth seconds (FT). With
reference to FIG. 3 for the reference electrical signals generated
at the unit time of ascending unit time (for example, consecutive
four seconds are used as a unit time, and the surgical drill
working time at the 2.sup.nd.about.5.sup.th seconds (AT1), the
3.sup.rd.about.6.sup.th seconds (AT2), the 4.sup.th.about.7.sup.th
seconds (AT3), so on and so forth, are used as a unit time, wherein
the unit time ascends or rolls with the bone drilling work. In
other words, when the surgical drilling work is carried on to the
sixth second, the average of the instantaneous electrical signals
of (AT1) is used as a reference electrical signal of the sixth
second. When the work is carried on to the seventh second, the
average of the instantaneous electrical signals of AT2 is used as a
reference electrical signal of the seventh second. When the work is
carried on to the eighth second, the average of the instantaneous
electrical signals of AT3 is used as a reference electrical signal
of the eighth second, and so on and so forth. Preferably, the
instantaneous electrical signal should be compared with the
reference electrical signal that is happened closest to the unit
time. In FIGS. 2 and 3, as the work is carried on with time, the
smart module 20 constantly obtains the instantaneous electrical
signals and compares them with the reference electrical signal
until an electrical signal with a step drop shows up. In FIGS. 2
and 3, the step drop (SD) has a waveform with a steep drop. In
other words, the instantaneous electrical signal drops drastically
and shows a significant difference with the reference electrical
signal.
[0038] With reference to FIGS. 4 to 9 for the bone drilling work
executed by a surgical drill of the present invention, a drill bit
10 is provided for drilling from the outer side 31 to the inner
side 32 of the cortical layer 30. In FIGS. 4 to 7, when the drill
bit 10 has not drilled through the cortical layer 30, the rotating
speed of the drill bit 10 is substantially constant, and the output
voltage of the driving device 11 is also substantially constant,
and the instantaneous electrical signal (voltage) obtained by the
smart module 20 is substantially maintained at a standard level.
The smart module 20 compares all obtained instantaneous electrical
signals with the reference electrical signal. Since the
instantaneous electrical signal and the reference electrical signal
are maintained at a standard level, the smart module 20 will not
output a stop command, and the driving device 11 of the surgical
drill continues its operation. In FIGS. 8 and 9, when the tip of
the drill bit 10 drills through the inner side 32 of the cortical
layer 30, the rotating speed of the drill bit 10 increases
drastically, and the current output of the driving device 11
increases, so that the voltage drops drastically, and the
instantaneous electrical signal obtained by the smart module 20 has
a step drop (SD) and shows a significant difference from the
reference electrical signal, and the smart module 20 sends a stop
command to the driving device 11 to stop the operation of the
driving device 11. The automatic stop of the driving device 11 and
the drill bit 10 reminds the surgeon that the drilling has passed
through the cortical layer. The automatic stop also provides the
safety effect of protecting the tissues, blood vessels, muscles,
nerves and fascia behind the cortical layer and prevents them from
being damaged by the surgical bone drill that drills through the
cortical layer. Unless the surgeon turns on the power of the
surgical drill again, the surgical drill will remain at the OFF
status.
[0039] In FIGS. 10 and 11, the surgical drill further comprises a
measuring device 40 for measuring a bone drilling depth, wherein
the measuring device 40 is installed on the surgical drill and
electrically coupled to the smart module 20, and the measuring
device 40 is a non-contact distance measuring device including but
not limited to a lightwave distance measuring module, an infrared
distance measuring module, and a laser distance measuring module.
When the surgical drill is turned on, the smart module 20 sends a
first distance measuring command to the device 40, and the device
40 obtains a first distance (D1) from a light source emitting point
45 to an outer side 31 of a cortical layer 30, and the smart module
20 receives the first distance (D1). When the surgical drill is
controlled to stop its operation by the smart module 20, the smart
module 20 sends a second distance measuring command to the device
40, and the device 40 obtains a second distance (D2) from the light
source emitting point to the outer side 31 of the cortical layer
30, and the smart module 20 receives the second distance (D2). The
smart module 20 executes the operation of [D1-D2] to obtain a bone
drilling depth value, and the bone drilling depth value is
displayed on a screen display 41 of the bone drilling depth
measuring device 40.
* * * * *