U.S. patent application number 15/436603 was filed with the patent office on 2017-11-23 for pipe retainer.
The applicant listed for this patent is Prabhat Industries. Invention is credited to Claus H.H. Boelter, Ryan C. Boelter, Gregory D. Cady, Yogesh H. Dhruv, Warren R. Etches.
Application Number | 20170336009 15/436603 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 50628054 |
Filed Date | 2017-11-23 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170336009 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Boelter; Ryan C. ; et
al. |
November 23, 2017 |
PIPE RETAINER
Abstract
A joint structure for connecting lengths of pipe uses a
plurality of teeth to engage the surface of at least one end of the
adjacent lengths of pipe to connect the ends. A deformable member
applies forces to the plurality of teeth to engage the surfaces. In
an aspect, the plurality of teeth are releasable. In another
aspect, the plurality of teeth are permanently engaged into the
surfaces.
Inventors: |
Boelter; Ryan C.; (Atlanta,
GA) ; Boelter; Claus H.H.; (Cornelia, GA) ;
Dhruv; Yogesh H.; (Lawrenceville, GA) ; Cady; Gregory
D.; (Siloam Springs, AR) ; Etches; Warren R.;
(Springdale, AR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Prabhat Industries |
Duluth |
GA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
50628054 |
Appl. No.: |
15/436603 |
Filed: |
February 17, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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14068696 |
Oct 31, 2013 |
9611966 |
|
|
15436603 |
|
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|
61720527 |
Oct 31, 2012 |
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61720522 |
Oct 31, 2012 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16L 37/0925 20130101;
F16L 37/088 20130101; F16L 37/092 20130101; F16L 47/08 20130101;
F16L 37/0926 20190801 |
International
Class: |
F16L 47/08 20060101
F16L047/08; F16L 37/088 20060101 F16L037/088; F16L 37/092 20060101
F16L037/092 |
Claims
1. An apparatus for joining lengths of pipe wherein each length
pipe has a spigot end and a bell end, wherein the bell end is
elongated to form a bell extension configured to enable the
insertion of a retention device, the retention device comprising:
a. a plurality of teeth engaging at least one surface of the spigot
end or the bell extension; and b. a deformable member engaging at
least the bell extension or spigot end for resiliently urging the
plurality of teeth into engagement.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of teeth of the
retention device are configured to permanently engage the at least
one surface of the spigot end or the bell extension.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the deformable member composes
a flexible body comprising: a. an inner surface forming an insert
opening for the spigot end, the inner surface having a first
portion of the plurality of teeth for engaging an outer surface of
the spigot end; and b. an outer surface having a second position of
the plurality of teeth for engaging an inner surface of the bell
extension.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the deformable member has a
length that is approximately equal to the length of the bell
extension.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the flexible body further
comprises a distal end and a proximal end, wherein the first
portion of the plurality of teeth are biased in the direction of
the distal end and the second portion of the plurality of teeth are
biased in the proximal direction.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the plurality of teeth
comprise multiple rows of annular teeth.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the flexible body further
comprises an elastomeric core.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the elastomeric core is wider
at a distal end than at a proximal end of the flexible body.
9. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the flexible body further
comprises a base ring oriented at a proximal end.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the flexible body further
comprises a slot that runs the length of the flexible body from a
distal end to the proximal end and through the base ring.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the flexible body further
comprises a plurality of flexible sections configured to allow for
individual movement of the flexible sections.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the plurality of flexible
sections are formed by a plurality of slits, the plurality of slits
running the length of the flexible body from a distal end to the
proximal end but terminating before reaching the base ring.
13. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the flexible body comprises
at least two flexible bodies.
14. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the deformable member further
comprises a body with an axially opening annular recess, wherein
the axially opening annular recess includes at least a portion of
the plurality of teeth to engage the surface of the bell
extension.
15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is configured
for releasably joining the lengths of pipe, further comprising
means operable from externally of the bell for retracting the teeth
from engagement with the outer surface of the spigot end.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the bell extension further
comprises an internal annular recess configured to receive the
deformable member.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 further comprising a lock insert
configured to expand and contract the deformable member.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the deformable member
further comprises two mirror plates having internal surfaces,
wherein each of the internal surfaces include a portion of the
plurality of teeth, the portion of the plurality of teeth on each
internal surface oriented in a different direction.
19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the bell extension further
comprises an annular seat configured to retain the plurality of
teeth.
20. An apparatus for joining lengths of pipe wherein each length
pipe has a spigot end and a bell end, wherein the bell end is
elongated to form a bell extension configured to enable the
insertion of a retention device, the retention device comprising:
a. a deformable member comprising: i. an outer surface; ii. an
inner surface, wherein the inner surface forms an insert opening to
receive the spigot end; iii. a distal end; iv. a proximal end; v. a
base ring oriented at the proximal end; and vi. a plurality of
slits that run from the distal end to the proximal end and
terminate at the base ring configured to allow the flexible body to
be deformed when inserted; and b. a plurality of teeth configured
to retain the spigot end within the deformable member and the
deformable member within the bell extension, the plurality of teeth
comprising: i. a first portion of the plurality of teeth found on
the interior surface of the flexible body oriented in a distal
direction and configured to engage the outer surface of the spigot
end; and ii. a second portion of the plurality of teeth found on
the exterior surface of the flexible body; the second portion of
the plurality of teeth oriented in a proximal direction and
configured to engage the inner surface of the bell extension.
Description
CLAIM OF PRIORITY
[0001] This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional
Patent Application Nos. 61/720,522, filed on Oct. 31, 2012, and
61/720,527, filed on Oct. 31, 2012, which are relied upon and
incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to the field of pipe joining
and more particular to retainers for joining lengths of bell and
spigot type PVC pipe. Such pipe is used in municipal water
distribution systems, fire sprinkler systems, sewerage force mains,
agricultural and irrigation systems, industrial process piping
application, PVC electrical conduits and fittings, as well as
through out the building construction industry and in large
diameter water transmission mains. Those knowledgeable in the art
understand that the lengths of pipe must be secured against leakage
as well as against separation. Prior art in this field is
illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,537,248; 7,284,310; 4,120,521;
4,061,459 and others.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0003] It is an object of the present invention to securely connect
the ends of PVC pipe to prevent separation of individual pipes in a
pipeline.
[0004] It is a further object of the present invention to connect
the ends of PVC pipe to prevent undue stress on the connecting
components leading to failure in the pipeline.
[0005] In an aspect, the following devices are added to the pipe
for "joining-purposes" after the pipe pieces have been belled and
finished.
[0006] In an aspect, the following devices are configured to
connect a spigot end of one pipe to the bell end of another
pipe.
[0007] These objects are met by lengthening the bell to accommodate
one or more retention devices. In an aspect, the bell can be
lengthened to for a bell extension. In an aspect, the retention
devices comprise a plurality of teeth and a deformable member to
secure the spigot end within the bell extension. In an aspect, the
deformable member can engage a surface of the spigot end and/or a
surface of the bell extension. In an aspect, the deformable member
can resiliently urge the plurality of teeth to engage a surface of
the spigot end, a surface of the bell extension, or a combination
of surfaces.
[0008] In an aspect, the retention device can permanently join
engage the plurality of teeth into a surface of the spigot end or
bell extension. In another aspect, the retention device can
releasably engage the plurality of teeth into a surface of the
spigot end or the bell extension. In such aspects, means operable
from eternally of the bell for retracting the teeth from engagement
with the outer surface of the spigot end can be utilized.
[0009] The following aspects below meet some or all of the objects
discussed above.
Deep Channel Insert
[0010] A bell extension is formed so that there is precisely enough
room between the outside wall of the spigot and the inside wall of
the bell extension to fit the retention device that can be
described as a deep channel insert. The deep channel insert is
placed on the inside of the end of the bell extension before the
spigot is inserted. The deep channel insert is constructed to have
a deformable member having deformable qualities or a flexible
factor that allows for the spigot to pass by on insertion but
prevents the removal of the spigot from the retention device and
the bell extension through a plurality of teeth. Once the retention
device has been installed, removal of the spigot is not possible
without destructive separation.
Two-Piece Toothed Insert
[0011] A bell extension is formed so that there is precisely enough
room between the outside wall of the spigot and the inside wall of
the bell extension to fit the retention device can be described as
a two piece toothed insert. The two piece toothed insert includes
two separate bodies that form a deformable member. The two bodies
are placed on the inside of the end of bell extension before the
spigot is inserted. The inserts are conformed to have deformable
properties and/or a flexible factor that will allow for the spigot
to pass by on insertion but prevents the removal of the spigot from
the retention device and the bell extension through a plurality of
teeth. Once the retention device has been installed, removal of the
spigot is not possible without destructive separation.
Claw Ring
[0012] The retention device described as a claw ring can be
configured to use the inside and outside of the bell extension to
secure the spigot in the constructed joint position. A recess
formed in the end of the retention device receives the bell. Once
aligned, the spigot insertion will compress the inside teeth of the
retention device to pass through without engaging. The deformable
member can then resiliently urge the teeth to engage the spigot. An
outer ring will be placed around an exterior sleeve and tightened
to ensure the grip on the bell extension and the spigot is secure.
The sleeve is a redundant mechanism that works by creating a
somewhat flexible backbone for the retention device. Once the
retention device has been installed, removal of the spigot is not
possible without destructive separation.
Wedged Lock Ring Assembly
[0013] The bell has been elongated and the inside of the elongation
has been routed to form a channel in which the retention device,
which can be described as a wedged lock ring assembly, can be
fitted. The wedged lock ring assembly can include a deformable
member (which can be described as a ring) that is slightly flexible
so that it will compress and fit easily into the bell extension by
hand. Once inside the bell channel, the ring will expand and be
fitted with a lock insert. This lock insert will serve to keep the
ring expanded when it is desired to take the spigot end out.
Another function of the lock will be to keep the ring tight around
the spigot when the joint is constructed. The ring can resiliency
urge a plurality of teeth found on a surface of the assembly into
the surface of the spigot. A hole in the exterior of the elongated
bell or a linear channel within the elongated bell with external
access can be supplied so that interaction with the lock insert can
take place. The device that will be inserted in the lock insert
will be rotational so that does not have to be removed for the
function to be reached.
Annularly Aligned Teeth Assembly
[0014] A retention device, which can be described as annularly
aligned teeth assembly, is set in a casing that fits inside of an
elongated bell. When the spigot is inserted the first interaction
will be for the teeth to move back into the recessed area of the
bell. No further mechanism must be tightened of placed in for the
locking mechanism to activate. When attempting to retract the
spigot the teeth will resiliently engage due to the angle and
original conformation of the device. The teeth will force
themselves to contract around the spigot towards a singular axis in
the middle.
[0015] Removal of the spigot will use a release device slightly
larger than the outside diameter of the spigot. The release device
will be inserted in to the bell in the same fashion as the spigot,
forcing the teeth to move back into the recess of the bell. This
will disengage the locking mechanism allowing for the spigot to be
removed without substantial effort.
Constrictor Insert
[0016] The bell is elongated and thickened to a point that the
standards of the pipe would not be affected. The augmented bell
would be routed so that the channel is the same in shape as the
retention device, which can be described as a constrictor insert,
only slightly larger. The embodiment comprises two mirrored pieces
centered about the line on the middle of the band. These pieces are
free to move in angle rotated about a central annulus. Adjustable
bands are used to retract/expand the mirrored pieces into the
desired position via struts arrayed around the bands as connections
between the adjustable bands and the mirrored pieces. Metal
reinforcing pieces, located underneath the adjustable bands are
structurally supportive of the conformation that engages both
functions. Surrounding all of rubber and hardware will be a metal
shell, that is the base of stability and movement for the
device
[0017] These and other objects and advantages of the invention will
become apparent from the following detailed description of the
preferred embodiment of the invention.
[0018] Both the foregoing general description and the following
detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are
intended to provide further explanation of the invention as
claimed. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a
further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and
constitute part of this specification, illustrate several
embodiments of the invention, and together with the description
serve to explain the principles of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1 is perspective view of a bell extension, spigot, and
retention device in accordance to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0020] FIG. 2 is a plane side view of the bell extension of FIG.
1.
[0021] FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view along line 3-3 of the bell
extension and retention device of FIG. 1.
[0022] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the retention device of FIG.
1.
[0023] FIG. 5 is a plane side view of the retention device of FIG.
4
[0024] FIG. 6 is a plane top view of the retention device of FIG.
4.
[0025] FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the retention device
of FIG. 4.
[0026] FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of the retention device
along line 8-8 of FIG. 6.
[0027] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a bell extension, spigot,
and retention device according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0028] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the retention device of
FIG. 9.
[0029] FIG. 11 is a partial close up view of component of the
retention device of FIG. 9.
[0030] FIG. 12 is a perspective exploded view of a joint formed by
a bell extension, spigot, and retention device according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] FIG. 13 is a plane side view of the retention device of FIG.
12.
[0032] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the retention device of
FIG. 13 along line 14-14.
[0033] FIG. 15 is a sectional detail view of the retention device
of FIG. 13.
[0034] FIG. 16 is a sectional detail view of the retention device
of FIG. 13.
[0035] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a bell extension, a spigot
and a retention device according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0036] FIG. 18 is a front elevation view of the bell extension and
retention device of FIG. 17.
[0037] FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing of the bell
extension and retention device of FIG. 18 along line 19-19.
[0038] FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the retention device of
FIG. 17.
[0039] FIG. 21 is a detail view of the lock of the wedge lock ring
of FIG. 20.
[0040] FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a bell extension, a spigot
and a retention device according to an embodiment of the present
invention
[0041] FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the bell extension of
FIG. 22 along line 23-23.
[0042] FIG. 24 is a perspective sectional cutaway view of the bell
extension and retention device of FIG. 22.
[0043] FIG. 25 is a sectional view of the retention device of FIG.
22.
[0044] FIG. 26 is a partial cutaway view of the bell extension, the
release device, and retention device of FIG. 22.
[0045] FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a bell extension, a spigot
and a retention device according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0046] FIG. 28 is a partial cutaway view of the bell extension and
retention device of FIG. 27.
[0047] FIG. 29 is a partial perspective view of the retention
device of FIG. 27.
[0048] FIG. 30 is a sectional view of the retention device of FIG.
27.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0049] In the following detailed description of the preferred
embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which
form a part hereof, and within which are shown by way of
illustration specific embodiments by which the invention may be
practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be
utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from
the scope of the invention.
[0050] Referring to the FIGS. 1-30 for a clearer understanding of
the invention, it may be seen that the invention contemplates
several embodiments. FIGS. 1-8 depict a first embodiment of a pipe
retention device 10 utilizing a deep channel insert 200 for use
with a pipe 100 and spigot 150. The pipe 100 and spigot 150 can be
comprised of a variety of different materials that are commonly
utilized in, but are not limited to, municipal water distribution
systems, fire sprinkler systems, sewerage force mains, agricultural
and irrigation systems, industrial process piping application, PVC
electrical conduits and fittings, as well as throughout the
building construction industry and in large diameter water
transmission mains. Such materials can include, but are not limited
to, PVC, iron, copper, steel, and various other materials familiar
to the piping industry.
[0051] As seen in FIGS. 1-3, the pipe 100 terminates in a bell 102
with an inner wall 104. The bell 102, through the inner wall 104,
is configured to compress and enclose a conventional gasket (not
shown). In an aspects as shown in FIG. 3, the bell 102 can include
an internal annular recess 106 in the inner wall 104 configured to
contain the conventional gasket. The combination of the gasket, the
pressure of the inner wall 104, and an outer surface 152 of the
spigot 150 creates a seal between the bell 102 and the inserted
spigot 150.
[0052] In an aspect, the bell 102 includes a bell extension 110.
The bell extension 110 is configured to provide the necessary
length externally of the sealing of the conventional gasket (i.e.,
past the internal annular recess 106) to provide space for the deep
channel insert 200. The bell extension 110 includes an interior
surface 112 that is configured to retain and engage with the deep
channel insert 200. The bell extension 110 includes a front
(distal) end 114 and a back (proximal) end 116. The distal end 114
is adjacent the seal formed by the gasket and spigot 150. The
proximal end 116 of the bell extension 110 is opposite the distal
end 114.
[0053] The bell extension 110 is formed so that there is precisely
enough room between the outside wall 152 of the spigot 150 and the
interior surface 112 of the bell extension 110 for the deep channel
insert 200. In an aspect, the bell extension 110 has a larger
diameter than the remainder of the bell 102, not including the
annular recess 106, of the pipe 100 in order to retain the deep
channel insert 200. In an aspect, the conformation of the bell
extension 110 will allow the interior wall 112 to become a rigid
anchor point for the deep channel insert 200, discussed in more
detail below.
[0054] In an aspect, the bell extension 110 is a continuous
extension of the bell 102, formed during the initial manufacture of
the pipe 100. In another aspect, the bell extension 110 can be
coupled to the bell 102 as an add-on part of the pipe 100. However,
it is preferable to have the bell extension 110 and bell 102 be
formed as an unitary piece in order to avoid the increase potential
of the connection of the spigot and bell joint failing when exposed
to high amounts of pressure from the liquid(s) passing through the
combination, pressure exerted by the pipes themselves, or from
other external forces.
[0055] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3-8, the deep channel input 200 is
configured to fit within the bell extension 110 to retain the
spigot 150 by engaging the interior surface 112 of the bell
extension 110. In an aspect, the deep channel insert 200 comprises
a deformable member 202, which can be described as a single body
202. The single body 202 is configured to be semi-flexible and to
have a flexible factor that assists with the insertion and
retention of the spigot 150. For example, the flexible factor of
the body 202 allows the spigot 150 to pass through on insertion but
not be able to exit the deep channel insert 200 when pulled in an
opposite direction (i.e., when fluids apply opposing force or
attempts to disconnect the two are made). If the retention
device/deep channel insert 200 has no flexibility, but is
completely rigid, the spigot 150 would not be able to pass through.
By being deformable/semi-flexible, the retention device/deep
channel insert 200 can be compressed by the spigot 150 and attempt
to return to the original shape once the spigot 150 has been
inserted. The body 202 of the deep channel insert 200 can be
comprised of a number of different materials, including, but not
limited to, hard plastics, polyethylene, high density polyethylene,
metal composites and the like. While various materials can be used,
it is preferred that the body 202 be made of a material that is
more durable and stronger than that of the bell extension 110 and
spigot 150 because the retention device 200 has to withstand the
forces exerted on or by the pipe 100 and spigot 150
combination.
[0056] As shown in FIGS. 3-8, the body 202 of the deep channel
insert 200 includes a front (distal) end 204 and a back (proximal)
end 206. The distal end 204 is configured to be inserted into the
bell extension 110 and rest adjacent to the bell 102 when the deep
channel insert 200 is fully inserted. The proximal end 206 is
configured to be adjacent the proximal end 116 of the bell
extension 110 when the deep channel insert 200 is fully inserted.
In an aspect, the proximal end 206 of the body 202 includes a base
ring 208. While the overall, body 202 of the deep channel insert
200 comprises a circumferential semi-flexible factor, the base ring
208 is preferably rigid. In an aspect, the base ring 208 can be
comprised of a more rigid material than other components of the
body 202 of the deep channel insert 200. It is preferred that
whatever material the base ring 202 is comprised from is stronger
and more durable than the material from which the bell extension
110 and spigot 150 are made. The interior portion of the base ring
208 can include an angular surface 208a that assists the insertion
of the spigot 150 into the deep channel insert 200. The base ring
208 can include a flange 209. The flange 209 can be configured to
engage the proximal end 116 of the bell extension 110 when the deep
channel insert 200 is fully inserted. In addition, the flange 209
can be configured to prevent the deep channel insert 200 from being
inserted too far within the bell extension 110.
[0057] In an aspect, the length of the body 202 from the distal end
204 to the proximal end 206 provides the needed flexibility for
insertion of the deep channel insert 200 into the bell extension
110 and insertion of the spigot 150 into the deep channel insert
200. For example, by providing a body 202 with a greater length
from the proximal end 206 to the distal end 204, the body 202 can
have more flexibility in an annular direction than a body 202 with
a shorter length. In another aspect, the body 202 is of a length
that is sufficient to prevent the separation of the deep channel
insert 200 from the spigot 150 and the bell extension 110. While
the length of the body 202 of the deep channel insert 200 can be
smaller than the length of the bell extension 110, it is preferable
that the length of the body 202 is approximately equal to the
length of the bell extension 110 from the distal end 114 to the
proximal end 116 in order to have the most possible contact between
the outer surface of the deep channel insert 200 and the interior
surface 112 of the bell extension 110. In an aspect, the length of
the retention device 200 will be limited by the length of the bell
extension 110.
[0058] Referring to FIGS. 3-8, the body 202 may include an
elastomeric core 210. The elastomeric core 210 is configured to
behave as a spring/suspension system to keep the spigot 150 within
the deep channel insert 200 and the deep channel insert 200 within
the bell extension 110, discussed in more detail below. The
elastomeric core 210 can be comprised of a variety of elastomeric
materials, including, but not limited to, rubbers, elastomers, and
the like. The elastomeric core 210 runs from the proximal end 206
to the distal end 204 of the body 202 of the deep channel insert
200. In an aspect, the elastomeric core 210 can be encapsulated by
the base ring 208 of the proximal end 206 and left exposed at the
distal end 204. In such an aspect, the width of the elastomeric
core 210 can be wider at the distal end 204 than at the proximal
end 206, assisting in the suspension/spring qualities discussed
above and in more detail below.
[0059] As shown in FIGS. 3-8, the elastomeric core 210 is
substantially surrounded by an outer surface 220 and an inner
surface 230 of the body 202. The outer surface 220 of the body 202
is configured to engage the interior surface 112 of the bell
extension 110 and the inner surface 230 is configured to engage the
outer surface 152 of the spigot 150. The inner surface 230 of the
body 202 forms an insert opening 232 configured to receive the
spigot 150. In an aspect, the outer surface 220 of the body 202
includes outer teeth 224. The outer teeth 224 are biased in the
proximal direction, pointing toward the back end 206 of the body
202. In an aspect, the inner surface 230 of the body 202 includes
inner teeth 234. The inner teeth 234 are biased in the distal
direction, pointing towards the front end 204 of the body 202. The
outer teeth 224 and inner teeth 234 are configured to engage
respectively the interior surface 112 of the bell extension 110 and
the outer surface 152 of the spigot 150, preventing the spigot 150
from disengaging from the bell extension 110.
[0060] In an aspect, the outer and inner teeth 224, 234 of both
surfaces 220, 230 of the deep channel insert 200 are configured to
be of a material that is capable of embedding the outer and inner
teeth 224, 234 within the interior surface 112 of the bell
extension 110 and the outer surface 152 of the spigot 150,
respectively. Accordingly, in another aspect, the teeth 224, 234
can be formed from a material that is harder than the other
components of the body 202 in order to provide teeth 224, 234
capable of engaging the interior surface 112 of the bell extension
110 and the outer surface 152 of the spigot 150 respectively while
maintaining the flexibility of the body/deformable member 202 of
the deep channel insert 200.
[0061] In an aspect, the outer and inner teeth 224, 234 are of a
sufficient length to fully engage themselves with the interior
surface 112 of the bell extension 110 and the outer surface of the
spigot respectively by embedding into such surfaces at such a depth
as not to shave the surfaces but to cut into the material of which
the surfaces are comprised. In an exemplary example, the teeth
outer and inner 224, 234 can be approximately 1/8 inches in height.
However, factors such as the sharpness of the outer and inner teeth
224, 234, as well as the amount of force needed to embed the outer
and inner teeth 224, 234 into the respective corresponding surfaces
112, 152 of the extension 110 and spigot 150, influence the height
of the teeth.
[0062] In a further aspect, the outer and inner teeth 224, 234 can
be oriented at an angle from the respective surfaces 220, 230 of
the body 202 to form a crevice 226, 236 that can retain/accumulate
the material of the interior surface 112 of the bell extension 110
and the outer surface 152 of the spigot 150 as the teeth 224, 234
are embedded, as shown in FIG. 3. In an aspect, the crevices 226,
236 can form an appropriate angle from the leading surface of the
teeth 224, 234 to the outer surface 220 and inner surface 230 of
the deep channel insert 200 respectively. In an additional aspect,
the teeth 224, 234 are of a thickness that prevents the teeth 224,
234 from breaking away from their respective base surfaces 220,
230. The thickness of the teeth 224, 234 is dependent on the
hardness of the material from which the teeth are made in order to
handle the forces exerted upon the joint formed by the pipes 100
and spigot 150.
[0063] In an exemplary example, the teeth 224, 234 of both surfaces
220, 230 are comprised of multiple rows of substantially annular
teeth 224, 234 oriented in the opposite directions from one another
as discussed above. In such exemplary embodiments, space is needed
between each row of outer and inner teeth 224, 234 to allow for the
affected portion of the material engaged by the outer and inner
teeth 224, 234 (i.e., the outer surface 152 of the spigot 150 or
the interior surface 112 of the bell extension 110) to move out of
the way and be replaced by the respective teeth 224, 234. (i.e.,
the spaces between the rows of teeth 224, 234 are large enough to
allow for volumetric displacement caused by the teeth 224, 234
embedding into the surfaces 112, 152). In other embodiments, the
teeth 224, 234 can be of any known types of teeth or prongs
configured to engage another surface.
[0064] In an aspect, the number of rows of the teeth 224, 234 and
the separation distance between each row can be calculated to
engage the appropriate amount of the pipe material. In an exemplary
aspect, the deep channel insert 200 can include six rows of teeth
224, 234 even spaced apart. In other embodiments, the number of
rows of teeth 224, 234 can vary, as well as the distance between
each row. The number of teeth 224, 234 cannot exceed a certain
amount over a specified distance; if the proximity of teeth 224,
234 is too close, the teeth 224, 234 cannot embed the bell
extension 110 and spigot 150. Space is needed between each row of
teeth for the affected portion of material to move out of the way
and be replaced by the teeth 224, 234, as discussed above.
[0065] Referring to FIG. 8, the outer surface 220 and the inner
surface 230 of the retention device/deep channel insert 200 can be
configured to form an angle between each other, originating at the
proximal end 206 of the body 202. In other words, the outer surface
220 of the body 202 can be configured to remain oriented in a
parallel fashion with the interior surface 112 of the bell
extension 110 upon insertion, whereas the inner surface 230 of the
body 202 can slant inwards from the proximal end 206 to the distal
end 204. In such an aspect, the elastomeric core 210 can have a
larger width at the proximal end 206 than at the distal end 202
when the inner surface 230 is not engaged with the spigot.
[0066] The combination of the slant of the inner surface 230 and
the increasing width of the elastomeric core 210 work in
combination to allow the spigot 150 to enter into the opening 232
and retain the spigot 150 within the deep channel insert 200 once
the spigot 150 has been inserted completely. As the spigot 150 is
inserted further into the deep channel insert 200, the outer
surface 152 pushes outwardly on the inner teeth 234 of the inner
surface 230, compressing the elastomeric core 210. With the inner
teeth 234 being oriented towards the distal end 204, the inner
teeth 234 slide along the outer surface 152 of the spigot 150
without embedment occurring. As the elastomeric core 210 is
compressed further, the spigot 150 can travel further into the deep
channel insert 200, with the spigot 150 not being harmed by the
teeth 234. Once the spigot 150 is in its final position within the
deep channel insert 200, the combination of the elastomeric core
210 pushing the inner surface 230, including the teeth 234, and the
direction of the teeth 234, which will embed into the outer surface
152 of the spigot 150, keep the spigot 150 from exiting the deep
channel insert 200. Further, the direction of the outer teeth 224,
and the force exerted by the outer surface 220 of the body 202 will
embed the outer teeth 224 into the interior surface 112 of the bell
extension 110, keeping the deep channel insert 200 and the spigot
150 within the bell extension 110. The elastomeric core 210 will
keep the inner teeth 234 pressed against and embedded within the
outer surface 152 of the spigot 150 so that when reverse force is
applied the teeth 234 will easily engage in their final
position.
[0067] Referring to FIGS. 4 and 7, the body 202 of the deep channel
insert 200 includes a slot 240 that runs from the distal end 204 to
the proximal end 206, and continues through the base ring 208,
including the flange 209. The slot 240 provides flexibility for the
body 202. In an aspect, the body 202 is approximately 350 degrees,
with the slot 240 taking up the remaining 10 degrees. In an
exemplary aspect, the elastomeric core 210 can extend partially
into the slot 240 or fill the slot completely.
[0068] As shown in FIGS. 4-7, the body 202 of the deep channel
insert 200 can include a plurality of slits 250. The slits 250 run
from the distal end 204 to the proximal end 206 but terminating
before reaching the base ring 208. The slits 250 define separate
sections 252 of the body 202. The sections 252 are configured to
move independently of each other. The sections 252 serve to enhance
the gripping ability and increase redundancy so that if one section
252 is not engaged completely and/or properly, the other adjacent
sections 252 are not affected. Such an action can occur when the
pipes (bell extension 110 or spigot 150) are imperfect or imperfect
installation caused by foreign particles in the pipe, improper
installation, misalignment, or other like events. In addition, the
sections 252 further increase the flexibility of the body 202 to
keep the spigot 150 from incurring damage on insertion. This
non-restriction allows for each section 252 to move inward further
than if the deformable member/body 202 was one solid ring. In an
aspect, once the spigot 150 has been fully inserted, the joint
formed is not releasable and permanent in nature. In such aspects,
in order to release the spigot 150 from the retention device/deep
channel insert 200, damage will have to occur to some or all of the
components (i.e., the bell extension 110, the spigot 150, and/or
the deep channel insert 200).
[0069] FIGS. 9-11 illustrate a second embodiment of a pipe
retention device 20 that utilizes a two-piece toothed insert 1200
to connect a pipe 1100 to a spigot 1150. The pipe 1100 and spigot
1150 can be comprised of similar materials as to the pipe 100 and
spigot 150 associated with the deep channel insert 200 as described
above. As seen in FIG. 9, the pipe 1100 can include many of the
components of the pipe 100 associated with the deep channel insert
200, including, a bell 1102 with an inner wall with an internal
annular recess configured to contain a conventional gasket. In an
aspect, the bell 1102 includes a bell extension 1110. The bell
extension 1110 is configured to provide the necessary length
externally of the sealing of the conventional gasket (i.e., past
the internal annular recess 1104) to provide space for the
two-piece toothed insert 1200. The bell extension 1110 includes an
interior surface 1112 that is configured to retain and two-piece
toothed insert. The bell extension 1110 includes a front (distal)
end 1114 and a back (proximal) end 1116. The distal end 1114 is
adjacent the seal formed by the gasket and spigot 1150. The
proximal end 1116 of the bell extension 1110 is opposite the distal
end 1114. The bell extension 1110 can be a continuous extension of
the bell 1102 formed during the initial manufacture of the pipe
1100 or can be coupled to the bell 1102 as an add-on part of the
pipe 1100.
[0070] In an aspect, the bell extension 1110 can be formed so that
there is precisely enough room between the outside wall/surface
1152 of the spigot 1150 and the interior surface 1112 of the bell
extension 1110 for the two-piece toothed insert 1200. In an aspect,
the bell extension 1100 can have a larger diameter than the
remaining portion bell 1102 of the pipe 1100 in order to retain the
two-piece toothed insert 1200. In an aspect, the conformation of
the bell extension 1110 will allow the interior wall 1112 to become
a rigid anchor point for the two-piece toothed insert 1200,
discussed in more detail below.
[0071] As shown in FIGS. 9-11, the two-piece toothed insert 1200 is
configured to fit within the bell extension 1110 to retain the
spigot 1150 by engaging the interior surface 1112 of the bell
extension 1110. In an aspect, the two-piece toothed insert 1200 is
formed from two separate deformable members/single body pieces
1202. In an aspect, the separate single body pieces 1202 are in the
form of semi-circles of equal size (i.e., same radius from a
central point and 180 degrees). However, in other embodiments, the
separate single body pieces 1202 can have difference ranges of
degrees and number of single body pieces 1202.
[0072] In an aspect, each body piece 1202 is configured to have a
flexible factor that, when inserted into the bell extension 1110
together as one to form the retention device/two-piece toothed
insert 1200, will allow the spigot 1150 to pass through on
insertion but not be able to exit the two-piece toothed insert 1200
when pulled in an opposite direction (i.e., when fluids apply
opposing force or attempts to disconnect the two are made). The
separate bodies 1202 of two-piece toothed insert 1200 can be
comprised of materials similar to those described in relation to
the deep channel insert 200 as discussed above.
[0073] As shown in FIG. 10, the deformable members/bodies 1202
include a front (distal) end 1204 and a back (proximal) end 1206.
The distal ends 1204 are configured to be inserted into the bell
extension 1110 and rest adjacent to the bell 1102 when the
two-piece toothed insert 1200 (both bodies 1202) is fully inserted.
The proximal ends 1206 are configured to be adjacent the proximal
end 1116 of the bell extension 1110 when the two-piece toothed
insert 1200 is fully inserted. In an aspect, the proximal ends 1206
of the bodies 1202 include a semi-base ring 1208. While each single
body 1202 comprises a circumferential flexible factor, the
semi-base ring 1208 is preferably rigid. In an aspect, the
semi-base ring 1208 can be comprised of a more rigid material than
other components of the single body 1202. The interior portion of
the semi-base ring 1208 can include an angular surface 1208a that
assists the insertion of the spigot 1150 into the two-piece toothed
insert 1200. The semi-base ring 1208 can include a flange 1209. The
flanges 1209 can be configured to engage the proximal end 1116 of
the bell extension 1110 when the two-piece toothed insert 1200 is
fully inserted. In addition, the flanges 1209 can be configured to
prevent the two-piece toothed insert 1200 from being inserted too
far within the bell extension 1110.
[0074] In an aspect, the lengths of the single bodies 1202 from the
distal end 1204 to the proximal end 1206 are sufficient to prevent
the separation of the two-piece toothed insert 1200 from the spigot
1150 and the bell extension 1110. While the length of the single
bodies 1202 can be smaller than the length of the bell extension
1110, it is preferable the length of the bodies 1202 is
approximately equal to the length of the bell extension 1110 in
order to have the most possible contact between the outer surface
of the two-piece toothed insert 1200 and the interior surface 1112
of the bell extension.
[0075] In an aspect, the bodies 1202 can be comprised of an
elastomeric material, configuring the two-piece toothed insert 1200
to behave as a spring/suspension system to keep the spigot within
the two-piece toothed insert 1200 and the two-piece toothed insert
1200 within the bell extension 1110, discussed in more detail
below. The elastomeric material can be comprised of a variety of
elastomeric materials, including, but not limited to, saturated
rubbers, unsaturated rubbers, and the like. In an aspect, the
bodies 1202 can comprise an elastomeric core that runs from the
proximal end 1206 to the distal end 1204 of each body 1202.
[0076] As shown in FIGS. 10-11, each single body 1202 includes an
outer surface 1220 and an inner surface 1230. The outer surface
1220 is configured to engage the interior surface 1112 of the bell
extension 1110 and the inner surface 1230 is configured to engage
the outer surface 1152 of the spigot 1150. When both bodies 1202
are inserted into the bell extension 1110, the inner surfaces 1230
combine to form an insert opening 1232 configured to receive the
spigot 1150. In an aspect, the outer surfaces 1220 of the bodies
1202 include outer teeth 1224. In another aspect, the outer teeth
1224 are biased in the proximal direction, pointing toward the back
end 1206 of the single body 1202. In an aspect, the inner surfaces
1230 of the bodies 1202 include inner teeth 1234. In another
aspect, the inner teeth 1234 are biased in the distal direction,
pointing towards the front end 1204 of the single body 1202. The
outer inner teeth 1224, 1234 are configured to engage respectively
the interior surface 1112 of the bell extension 1110 and the outer
surface 1152 of the spigot 1150, preventing the spigot 1150 from
disengaging from the bell extension 1110.
[0077] In an aspect, the outer and inner teeth 1224, 1234 of both
surfaces 1220, 1230 can be imbedded or otherwise contained in the
elastomeric material of each deformable member/body 1202 of the
retention device/two-piece toothed insert 1200. It is preferred
that the outer and inner teeth 1224, 1234 are configured to be of a
material that is capable of embedding within the interior surface
1112 of the bell extension 1110 and the outer surface of the
spigot, respectively. Accordingly, the outer and inner teeth 1224,
1234 can be formed from a material that is harder than the body
1202 in order to increase the flexibility of the two-piece toothed
insert 1200 while still providing outer and inner teeth 1224, 1234
capable of engaging the interior surface 1112 of the bell extension
1110 and the outer surface of the spigot 1152 respectively.
[0078] In an exemplary example, the teeth 1224, 1234 of both
surfaces 1220, 1230 of both bodies 1202 are comprised of multiple
rows of annular teeth 1224, 1234. In such an example, the teeth
1124, 1234 can be oriented in the opposite directions from one. In
other embodiments, the teeth 1224, 1234 can be of any known types
of teeth or prongs configured to engage another surface.
[0079] In an aspect, the outer surfaces 1220, outer teeth 1224,
inner surfaces 1230, inner teeth 1234, and the elastomeric nature
of the deformable members/single bodies 1202 work in combination to
allow the spigot 1150 to enter into the opening 1232 and retain the
spigot 1150 within the two-piece toothed insert 1200 once the
spigot 1150 has been inserted completely. As the spigot 1150 is
inserted further into the two-piece toothed insert 1200, the outer
surface 1152 of the spigot 1150 pushes outwardly on the teeth 1234
of the inner surfaces 1230, compressing the elastomeric material of
the bodies 1202. When the teeth 1234 are oriented towards the
distal ends 1204 of the bodies of the two-piece toothed insert
1200, the teeth 1234 slide along the outer surface 1152 of the
spigot 1150. Once the spigot 1150 is in a final position within the
two-piece toothed insert 1200, the combination of the elastomeric
material of the bodies 1202 pushing the inner surfaces 1230,
including the teeth 1234, and the direction of the teeth 1234,
which will embed into the outer surface 1152 of the spigot 1150,
keep the spigot 1150 from exiting the two-piece toothed insert
1200. Further, the direction of the outer teeth 1224, and the force
exerted by the outer surfaces 1220 of the bodies 1202 will embed
the outer teeth 1224 into the inferior surface 1112 of the bell
extension 1110, keeping the two-piece toothed insert 1200 and the
spigot 1150 within the bell extension 110.
[0080] In an aspect, the use of two single separate bodies 1202
provides flexibility for the two-piece toothed insert 1200. The two
bodies 1202 are configured to move independently of each other,
serving to enhance the gripping ability and increase redundancy so
that if one body 1202 is not engaged completely and/or properly,
the other body 1202 is not affected. Such an action can occur when
the pipes 1100 and/or spigot 1150 are imperfect or through faulty
installation. In addition, the separate bodies 1202 further
increase the flexibility of the two-piece toothed insert 1200 to
keep the spigot 1150 from damage on insertion. This non-restriction
allows for each body 1202 to move inward further than if the
two-piece toothed insert 1200 was one complete solid ring with no
slots or slants as described above in relation to the deep channel
insert 200.
[0081] FIGS. 12-16 illustrate a third embodiment of a pipe
retention device 30 that utilizes a claw ring retainer 2200 to
connect a pipe 2100 to a spigot 2150. The pipe 2100 can be
comprised of similar materials as to the pipes 100, 1100 discussed
above, and can include similar components. In an aspect, the pipe
2100 can include a bell 2102, an internal annular recess in an
inner wall configured to contain a conventional gasket, a bell
extension 2110, an interior surface 2112, and an exterior surface
2113. The bell extension 2110 can include a front (distal) end
2114, adjacent the seal formed by the gasket and spigot 2150, and a
back (proximal) end 2116 opposite the distal end 2114. In an
aspect, the interior surface 2112 and exterior surface 2113 are
configured to be rigid anchor points for the claw ring retainer
2200, discussed in more detail below.
[0082] The claw ring retainer 2200, shown partially in FIGS. 12-16,
includes a body 2202. While FIGS. 13 and 16 only show a portion of
the claw ring retainer 2200 (i.e., in a half portion), the claw
ring retainer 2200 is configured to form a deformable
member/cylindrical body 2202. The cylindrical body 2202 can be
formed from one single piece or a combination of pieces. The
cylindrical body 2202 includes a distal (front) end 2204, a
proximal (back) end 2206, and outer surface 2220, and an inner
surface 2230. In an aspect, the outer surface 2220 of the claw ring
retainer 2200 can include an outwardly opening annular recess 2222.
The recess 2222 can be configured to receive a supplemental
compression ring 2300. In an aspect, the supplemental compression
ring 2300 can be configured to be adjustable, allowing for the
manual tightening to ensure the claw ring retainer 2200 securely
retains the bell extension 2110 and the spigot.
[0083] The inner surface 2230 forms an insert opening 2232
configured to receive the spigot 2150. The inner surface 2230 is
configured to engage the outer surface 2152 of the spigot 2150,
discussed in more detail below. The deformable member/cylindrical
body 2202 of the claw ring retainer 2200 can have elastomeric
properties, allowing for the body 2202 to be flexibly attached to
the bell extension 2110 while retaining the spigot (not shown). In
an exemplary aspect, the body 2202 of the claw ring retainer 2200
is almost completely made of a solid material, with a small portion
of the body 202 being filled with an elastomeric portion to allow
for flexibility.
[0084] The distal end 2204 of the claw ring 2200 includes an
axially opening annular recess 2240 configured to receive the bell
extension 2110. The axially opening annular recess 2240 includes an
outer surface 2242 and an inner surface 2244. The outer surface
2242 and the inner surface 2244 of the axially opening annular
recess 2240 are configured to engage the outer surface 2113 and
inner surface 2112 respectively of the bell extension 2110. In an
aspect, the width of the axially opening annular recess 2240 is
large enough to receive the bell extension 2110 while having the
inner and outer surfaces 2242, 2244 engaging the outer surface 2112
and inner surface 2113 of the bell extension 2110 respectively.
[0085] Looking to FIG. 15, the outer surface 2242 and the inner
surface 2244 of the axially opening annular recess 2440 include
outer teeth 2246 and inner teeth 2248 respectively. Further, in
another aspect, the inner surface 2230 of the claw ring retainer
2200 can include teeth 2234 to engage the surface 2152 of the
spigot 2150. In an aspect, the inner surface teeth 2234 and the
outer teeth 2246 and the inner teeth 2248 of the axially opening
annular recess 2240 can be formed of a material that is configured
to embed into the outer surface 2152 of the spigot 2150 and the
outer surface 2112 and inner surface 2113 of the bell extension
2110 respectively. In a preferred embodiment, the teeth 2234, 2246,
2248 are configured to have some flexibility as to allow the spigot
2150 to be inserted into the insert opening 2230 and the bell
extension 2110 to be inserted into the axially opening annular
recess 2440 without damaging the teeth 2234, 2246, 2248.
[0086] The teeth 2234, 2246, 2248 are also oriented (e.g., angle of
the teeth from the base surface to the point of the tooth) and
configured to be of a length that allows the teeth 2234, 2346, 2248
to embed into the walls they respectively encounter (i.e., the
outer surface 2152 of the spigot 2150 and the outer surface 2113
and inner surface 2112 respectively) at such a depth as to not
shave but cut into the material. It is also preferably that the
teeth 2234, 2246, 2248 have a thickness that prevents the teeth
2234, 2246, 2248 from breaking away from their respective surfaces
2230, 2242, and 2244. In an aspect, the teeth 2334, 2246, 2248 can
be oriented to form crevices between each other to allow material
of the engaged surfaces (i.e., the outer wall 2152 of the spigot
2150, the outer surface 2113 and inner surface 2112 of the bell
extension respectively) to be retained/to accumulate within the
crevices.
[0087] In an aspect, the inner and outer teeth 2246, 2248 of the
axially opening annular recess 2240 are oriented to point towards
the proximal end 2206 of the claw ring retainer 2200. The teeth
2234 of the inner surface 2330 are pointed in the distal direction.
In an exemplary aspect, the inner teeth 2246 and the other teeth
2248 can be comprised of rings of substantially annular teeth. The
number of rings of teeth 2234, 2246, 2248 can vary, but the number
of rings of teeth 2334, 2246, 2248 cannot exceed a certain amount
over a specified distance; if the proximity of teeth is to close
(i.e., the crevices are not large enough to allow for volumetric
displacement), the teeth 2334, 2246, 2248 will not engage the
respective surfaced in other aspects, the teeth 2234, 2246, 2248
can be comprised of various other embedding mechanisms.
[0088] In a further aspect, the claw ring retainer 2200 can be
configured to utilize a supplemental compression ring 2300 and
compression collar 2400. As discussed above, the supplemental
compression ring 2300 can be configured to engage a channel 2222 on
the exterior surface of the claw ring retainer 2200 to further
tighten the claw ring retainer 2200. The compression collar 2400
can be configured to engage the outer surface 2220 of the claw ring
retainer 2200. The compression collar 2400 can be a redundant
mechanism that creates a flexible backbone for the claw ring
retainer 2200 when the supplemental compression ring 2300 is
already utilized. The compression collar 2400 presses in a
direction that keeps the teeth 2248 of the outer surface 2244 of
the recess 2240 engaged on the outer surface 2113 of the bell
extension 2110. The compression collar 2400 can be placed on the
claw ring retainer 2200 after the claw ring retainer 2300 has
received the bell extension 2110 but before the insertion of the
spigot.
[0089] To form the joint between the spigot and the bell extension
2110, the proximal end 2116 of the bell extension 2110 is inserted
into the axially opening annular recess 2240. The inner surface
2112 and the outer surface 2113 engage the outer teeth 2246 and the
inner teeth 2248 of the axially opening annular recess 2240
respectively. Since the bell extension 2110 is being inserted, the
orientation of the teeth 2246, 2448 allow the surfaces 2113, 2112
respectively to press down on the teeth 2246, 2448 without the
teeth embedding. Once the bell extension 2110 is in place (the
proximal end 2116 meets the end of the axially opening annular
recess 2240), a compression sleeve 2400 can be placed on the
outside of the claw ring retainer 2200, pressing the outer teeth
2248 into the outer surface 2113 of the bell extension 2110 and
partially securing the bell extension 2110 to the claw ring
retainer 2200. Once secure, the spigot 2150 can be inserted. The
spigot 2150 applies pressure to the inner surface 2230 of the claw
ring retainer 2200, causing the inner teeth 2246 of the axially
opening annular recess 2240 to engage/embed into the inner surface
2112 of the bell extension 2110. The teeth 2234 of the inner
surface 2330 of the claw ring retainer 2200 will engage the outer
surface 2152 of the spigot 2150 without embedding, sliding along
the surface. Once the spigot has been fully inserted, the
compression ring 2300 can be tightened, which can increase the
depth of the teeth 2234, 2246, 2248 into the material of the spigot
2150 and bell extension 2110. Once the joint is formed between the
pipe 2100, spigot 2150 and claw ring retainer 2200, removal of the
spigot 2150 is not possible without destructive separation because
of the engagement of the teeth 2234, 2246, 2248 with opposing
surfaces 2152, 2112, 2113.
[0090] FIGS. 17-21 illustrate an embodiment of a removable pipe
retention device 40 that utilizes a wedged lock ring assembly 3200
to connect a pipe 3100 to a spigot 3150. The pipe 3100 and spigot
3150 can be comprised of similar materials as to the pipes and
spigots discussed above, and can Include similar components. In an
aspect, the pipe 3100 can include a bell 3102, an internal annular
recess in an inner wall configured to contain a conventional
gasket, a bell extension 3110, an interior surface 3112, and an
exterior surface 3113. The bell extension 3110 has a length
externally of the sealing of the conventional gasket to interact
with the wedged lock ring assembly 3200. In an aspect, the length
of the extension 3110 will be precisely enough for the wedged lock
ring assembly 3200 to fit and function properly.
[0091] The bell extension 3110 car include a front (distal) end
3114, adjacent the seal formed by the gasket and spigot 3150, and a
back (proximal) end 3116 opposite the distal end 3114. The interior
surface 3112 of the bell extension 3110 includes an internal
annular recess 3118. In an aspect, the internal annular recess 3118
(see FIG. 19) is configured to be an anchor point for the wedged
look ring assembly 3200, discussed in more detail below. In an
aspect, the internal annular recess 3118 is configured to be
slightly wider than that of the wedged lock ring assembly 3200,
allowing the wedged lock ring assembly 3200 to move to allow the
insertion of the spigot 3150 into the bell extension 3110,
discussed in more detail below. In another aspect, the bell
extension 3110 can further comprise a means to allow access to the
wedged lock ring assembly 3200 from the exterior of the bell
extension 3110. In such aspects, a locking aperture extending
through the inner surface 3112 to the outer surface of the bell
extension 3110 can be provided. In other aspects, a channel formed
in the inner surface 3112 can extend through the proximal end 3116
of the bell extension to provide access.
[0092] In an aspect, the wedged lock ring assembly 3200 comprises a
ring 3210 and a lock insert 3250. The ring 3210 comprises a
deformable member in the form of a body 3212. The body 3212 can be
configured to be slightly flexible to compress and fit easily into
the bell extension 3110 by hand. In an aspect, the body 3212 of the
ring 3210 can comprise an elastomeric material, similar to such
elastomeric materials discussed above.
[0093] In an aspect, the ring 3210 includes a distal end 3214 and a
proximal end 3216, wherein the distal end 3214 is configured to be
aligned closer to the gasket of the bell 3102. In an aspect, the
ring 3210 has a wedge cross-sectional shape, with the distal end
3214 having a larger width than the proximal end 3216. The ring
3210 includes an exterior surface 3220 and an interior surface
3230. In an aspect, the exterior surface 3220 is configured to
engage the surface of the internal annular recess 3118 and the
interior surface 3230 is configured to engage the exterior surface
3152 of the spigot 3150. In an aspect, the interior surface 3230 of
the ring 3210 comprises teeth 3232. The teeth 3232 can be made of
any material that can embed or cut into the outer surface 3152 of
the spigot 3150. In an aspect, the teeth 3232 can be comprised of
annular metal strips embedded into the body 3212 of the ring
3210.
[0094] In an aspect, the teeth 3232 are configured to be long
enough to fully engage the exterior surface 3152 of the spigot
3150, meaning the teeth 3232 will embed in the outer surface 3152
of the spigot 3150 at such a depth as to not `shave` the material
but cut into it. In an aspect, the teeth 3232 of the ring 3210
comprise annular rings of teeth 3232. In such an aspect, the rows
of teeth 3232 are in an amount to appropriately engage the amount
of spigot 3150 needed to prevent separation. The number of rows of
teeth 3232 cannot exceed a certain amount over a specified
distance; if the proximity of the teeth 3232 is to close there will
be a non-engagement of the material of the spigot 3150. Space is
needed between each row of teeth 3232 to allow for the affected
portion of material of the spigot 3150 to move out of the way and
be replaced by the teeth 3232 (i.e., volumetric displacement). The
angle of the teeth 3232 from the inner surface 3230 to the point of
the tooth 3232 is be large enough to allow material (i.e., the
outer surface 3152 of the spigot 3150) to retain/accumulate in the
crevice while also maintaining a proper orientation as to prevent
separation. The teeth 3232 should also be thick enough so as not to
break away from the interior surface 3230. In another aspect, the
teeth 3232 can be oriented in the distal direction (i.e., the
direction of the insertion of the spigot). The orientation of the
teeth 3232 allow the spigot 3150 to be inserted into the ring 3210
without damaging the teeth 3232 and/or the spigot 3150 without
preventing insertion of the spigot 3150. However, if the ring 3210
is constricted (discussed below), an opposite force on the spigot
3150 (i.e., pulling the spigot out or pressure from fluid flowing
from the pipe 3100 to the spigot) will cause the teeth 3232 to dig
into the surface 3152 of the spigot 3150.
[0095] In an aspect, the ring 3210 of the wedged lock ring assembly
3200 is not a complete ring, having a gap 3240 configured to
interact with a lock insert 3250. When the wedged lock ring
assembly 3200 is inserted into the bell extension 3110, and more
specifically the recession 3118, the lock insert 3250 is configured
to fit into the gap 3240. The insert lock 3250 is configured to
expand the ring 3210 to allow the spigot 3150 to be inserted and
removed. As the spigot 3150 travels further into the bell extension
3110 while the insert lock 3250 expands the ring 3210, the spigot
3150 engages the ring 3210, but pushes the ring 3210 further into
the annular recess 3118. In an aspect, the wedge shape of the ring
3210 further assists in the ease of insertion of the spigot 3150
(since it is smaller at the proximal end 3206, less resistance is
met by the spigot 3150).
[0096] The insert lock 3250 is configured to restrict the ring 3210
to retain the spigot within the bell extension 3110. When the
insert lock 3250 is placed in a closed position, the insert lock
3250 pulls the edges of the ring 3210 closer, contracting the ring
3210, and further embedding the teeth 3232 into the surface of the
spigot. The wedge shape of the ring 3210 assists in the retention
of the fully inserted spigot 3150 (tire distal end 3204 has a
larger width, applying more pressure). As stated above, when the
insert lock 3250 is placed in an open position, the insert lock
3250 will push the edges of the ring 3210 found in the gap to
expand the ring 3210, preventing the ring 3210, and the teeth 3232,
from engaging the surface of the spigot. By placing the insert lock
3250 in an open position, a once secured spigot can be removed.
[0097] In an aspect, keeping the ring 3210 tight around the spigot
3150, but not necessarily engaged, prevents slippage of the ring
3210 in the case of unexpected vibrations or other factors that may
cause the ring 3210 to retract into the annular recess 3118. In
other words, the ring 3210 needs to be tight to prevent the
disengagement of the pipe 3100 and spigot 3150 when the joint
formed flexes. If the insert lock 3250 was not there, and wasn't
tightened upon such a flex, the wedged lock ring assembly 3200
could loosen enough (through vibration) to separate the joint
formed.
[0098] In an aspect, the insert lock 3250 can be configured to
function in a rotational manner, rotating from an open position to
a closed position. In another aspect, the insert lock 3250 can be
configured to operate in a sliding fashion. In an aspect, the
insert lock 3250 can include clasps, prongs or appendages that
engage the ends of the ring 3210 found in the gap 3240. In other
aspects, other retaining means can be employed by the insert lock
3250.
[0099] FIGS. 22-26 illustrate an embodiment of a removable pipe
retention device 50 that utilizes an annularly aligned teeth
assembly 4200 to connect a pipe 4100 and a spigot 4150. The pipe
4100 and spigot 4150 can be comprised of similar materials as to
the pipes and spigots discussed above, and can include similar
components. In an aspect, the pipe 4100 can include a bell 4102, an
internal annular recess in an inner wall configured to contain a
conventional gasket, a bell extension 4110, an interior surface
4112, and an exterior surface 4113. The bell extension 4110 has a
length externally of the sealing of the conventional gasket to
interact with the aligned teeth assembly 4200. In an aspect, the
length of the extension will be precisely enough for the aligned
teeth assembly 4200 to fit and function properly.
[0100] The bell extension 4210 includes a distal end 4114 adjacent
the seal formed by the gasket and spigot 4150 and a proximal end
4116 opposite the distal end 4114. In addition, as illustrated in
FIGS. 22-24 and 26, the bell extension 4110 includes an annular
seat 4120 to house the retention device/aligned teeth assembly
4200. In an aspect, the annular seat 4120 is wider towards the
distal end 4114 than at the proximal end 4116 of the bell extension
4110, discussed in more detail below. In an aspect, the extension
4110 is of a length and a thickness to house the aligned teeth
assembly 4200.
[0101] As shown in FIGS. 22 and 24-26, the retention device 50
includes an aligned teeth assembly 4200. The aligned teeth assembly
4200 comprises a plurality of individual teeth 4210. In an aspect,
the teeth 4210 are configured to be rigid enough to maintain
contact with the outer surface 4152 of an inserted spigot 4150
while retaining enough elasticity to move out of the way when the
spigot 4150 is being inserted to prevent damage to the spigot 4150.
The teeth 4210 need to be harder and stronger than the pipe
material, or strong enough to engage or be embedded in the pipe
material. The teeth 2410 of the assembly 4200 can be connected by a
casing (not shown) that fits within the seat 2120. In another
aspect, the teeth assembly 4210 can be attached directly to the
surface of the seat 2120 through various fastening means known in
the art.
[0102] The teeth 4210 include a distal end 4212 and a proximal end
4214. The teeth 4210 include a main body portion 4216 and a flange
portion 4218, with the flange portion 4218 oriented at an obtuse
angle from the main body portion 4216 facing a singular figurative
axis down the center of the tube extension 4110. In other aspects,
the flange portion 4218 can be curved. The flange portion 4218 is
oriented at the distal end of the tooth 4210, and the main body
portion 4216 at the proximal end 4214.
[0103] In an aspect, the proximal end 4214 of each tooth 4210 can
be coupled to a casing or coupled to the annular seat 4120. While
various means of coupling can secure the proximal end 4214 of each
tooth 4210, such means should allow the distal end 4212 to move in
a restricted manner to engage the surface 4152 of the spigot 4150
and the interior of the bell extension 4110, and namely the annular
seat 4120.
[0104] In an aspect, each tooth 4210 is mated with at least one
other tooth 4210 such that the flange portions 4218 are nested with
one another, as shown in FIGS. 24-26. In an exemplary aspect, the
teeth 4210 are nested by three, with the teeth 4210 having various
lengths. Other numbers of combinations of teeth 4210 can be used in
other aspects. While stacked or nested, each tooth 4210 is capable
of individual movement, contributing to the prevention of a
separation of a spigot 4150 that is not perfectly round or that
might be damaged in some way.
[0105] In an aspect, when the spigot 4150 is inserted into the
aligned teeth assembly 4200 (housed in the annular seat 4120), the
teeth 4210 will move back into the wider area of the seat 4120
(located towards the distal end 4114). When attempting to retract
the spigot 4150, the teeth 4210 will engage the surface 4152 of the
spigot 4150 due to the angle and original conformation of the
aligned teeth assembly 4200, with the teeth 4210 forcing themselves
to contract around the spigot 4150 towards a singular axis in the
middle.
[0106] The stacking of the multiple independent teeth 4210 on one
another provides a measure of redundancy that ensures a substantial
force is applied to the surface 4152 of the spigot 4150 when the
spigot 4150 is inserted. The redundant factor improves and ensures
proper performance of the retention device/aligned teeth assembly
4200 even if there was a problem during installation of an
individual tooth 4210 breaks. No further mechanism must be
tightened or placed in for the locking mechanism to activate.
[0107] In an aspect, a release device 4300 can be used to disengage
the aligned teeth assembly 4200 for the removal of the spigot 4150,
as illustrated in FIG. 26. The release device 4300 has a slightly
larger diameter than the outside 4152 of the spigot 4150, but has a
diameter smaller than the interior of the bell extension 4110. When
the release device 4300 is inserted into the bell extension 4110
between the spigot 4150 and the aligned teeth assembly 4200, the
release device 4300 engages the teeth 4210, forcing the teeth 4210
to move back into the annular seat 4120 of the bell extension 4110,
thus disengaging the teeth 4210 from the surface of the spigot and
allowing the spigot's removal without substantial effort.
[0108] FIGS. 27-31 illustrate an embodiment of a removable pipe
retention device 60 that utilizes a constrictor insert 5200 to
connect a pipe 5100 and a spigot 5150. The constrictor insert 5200
can be used to prevent over-insertion or construct an internal
joint restraint. The pipe 5100 and spigot 5150 can be comprised of
similar materials as to the pipes and spigots discussed above, and
can include similar components. In an aspect, the pipe 5100 can
include a bell 5102, an internal annular recess in an inner wall
configured to contain a conventional gasket, a bell extension 5110,
an interior surface 5112, and an exterior surface 5113. The bell
extension 5110 has a length externally of the sealing of the
conventional gasket to interact with the constrictor insert 5200.
In an aspect, the bell extension 5110 can also be thickened in
order to avoid affecting the standards of the remainder of the pipe
5100. In an aspect, the length of the extension will be precisely
enough for the constrictor insert 5200 to fit and function
properly. Although FIGS. 27-28 illustrate the bell extension 5100
in a partial sectional view, the bell extension 5110 is configured
to form a complete cylindrical body.
[0109] As illustrated in FIG. 28, the bell extension 5110 further
comprises an annular channel 5116. In an aspect, the annular
channel 5116 is configured to retain the constrictor insert 5200.
The annular channel 5116 can be routed or formed to correspond to
the shape of the constrictor insert 5200, but slightly larger. As
illustrated in FIGS. 27-31, the constrictor insert 5200 comprises a
double wedge or pentagonal shape, with the shape of the annular
channel 5116 corresponding. In an aspect, the bell extension 5110
can provide access to the constrictor insert 5200 when retained in
the annular channel 5116, discussed in detail below.
[0110] FIGS. 27-30 illustrate the constrictor insert 5200. In an
aspect, the constrictor insert 5200 can comprise a gap (not shown)
that allows for the radial compression of the constrictor insert
5200 in order to assist in the insertion within the annular channel
5116. According to an aspect the constrictor insert 5200 comprises
an inner band 5210 and an outer band 5220. The inner band 5210
includes two mirrored plates 5212, 5214. In an aspect, the mirrored
plates 5212, 5214 are configured to angularly rotate freely within
the inner hand 5210. In an aspect, the outer surfaces (not visible)
slidably engage with the inner surfaces of the outer bands
5220.
[0111] The inner surfaces of the mirrored plates 5212, 5214 are
configured to engage the outer surface 5152 of the spigot 5150 upon
insertion. In an aspect, the mirrored plates 5212, 5214 comprise
teeth 5216, 5218 respectively. The orientation and configuration of
the teeth 5216, 5218 are configured to prevent over insertion on
one side (5212) and to retain the spigot 5150 upon insertion
(5214). It is possible for both sets of teeth 5126, 5128, neither,
or one to be engaged at any time.
[0112] In an aspect, the teeth 5218 on the proximal plate 5214 are
oriented in a proximal direction to prevent the spigot 5150 from
being inserted too far into the constrictor insert 5200. In the
same aspect, the teeth 5216 on the distal plate 5212 are oriented
in the distal direction to retain the spigot 5150 upon
insertion.
[0113] In an aspect, the teeth 5216, 5218 are long enough to fully
engage the outer surface 5152 of the spigot 5150, meaning the teeth
5216, 5218 will embed in the pipe wall/outer surface 5152 at such a
depth as to not `shave` the material but cut into it. The angle of
the teeth 5216, 5218 from the base surfaces of the respective
mirror plates 5212, 5214 to the point of the teeth 5216, 5218 is
large enough to allow material of the spigot 5150 that is displaced
to retain/accumulate in the crevice while also maintaining a proper
orientation as to prevent separation. The teeth 5216, 5218 should
also be thick enough so as not to break away from the base surface.
The number of aligned rows of teeth 5216, 5218 and the separation
distance between each row are calculated to engage the appropriate
amount of pipe material. The number of teeth 5216, 5218 cannot
exceed a certain amount over a specified distance; if the proximity
of teeth is to close there will be a non-engagement of the
material. Space is needed between each row to allow for the
affected portion of material to move out of the way and be replaced
by the insert's teeth 5216, 5218. (i.e. volumetric
displacement).
[0114] In an aspect, adjustable bands 5222 of the outer band 5220
are used to retract/expand the mirrored plates 5212, 5214 into a
desired position. The bands 5222 will be rigid enough to maintain a
maximum expanded diameter when not adjusted and elastic enough so
that they may be tightened by an access point on the bell extension
5110. When the bands 5222 are tightened the diameter will decrease
therefore engaging either/both the restraint and over-insertion
functions provided by the teeth 5216, 5218.
[0115] Support stays 5224 are arrayed around the constrictor insert
5200 between the adjustable bands 5222 and the mirrored pieces
5212, 5214. The support stays 5224, being rigid connections,
further assist in the retraction/extraction of the mirrored plates
5212, 5214 and their respective alignment. In an aspect, the
support stays 5224 are rigid connections to prevent bending with
the adjustable bands 5222 are tightened. The stays 5224 are part of
a redundant system that will maintain the proper alignment and
conformation of the constrictor insert 5200 in the corresponding
states of function. The rigidity of the stays 5224 is important for
keeping the device 5200 engaged property. In an aspect, arcs 5226
can support the adjustable bands 5222. The arcs 5226 are
structurally supportive of the configuration that enables both
functions of retention and insertion limitation provided by the
separate plates 5212, 5214 and their respective teeth 5216,
5218.
[0116] In an aspect, the outer bands 5222 of the constrictor insert
5200 further comprise a supporting elastomeric body 5230, shown in
FIG. 30. The elastomeric body 5230 further assists in the
retraction and expansion of the mirrored plates 5212, 5214 by
holding the retractive and expansive forces aforementioned. In an
aspect, the outer hands 5222, including the stays 5224, arcs 5226,
and elastomeric body 5230, can be enclosed in a shell 5240. The
housing 5240 can also prevent the constrictor insert 5200 from
expanding or contracting in the wrong way. The shell 5240 can
provide access from outside of the bell extension 5110 to allow for
the adjustment of the adjustable bands 5222 and other relevant
parts. In an aspect, the collapsible gap will most likely be where
the adjustments to the bands will take place. In an aspects, the
bauds 5222 can be expanded to allow the spigot 5150 to be
removed.
[0117] Having thus described exemplary embodiments of the present
invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the within
disclosures are exemplary only and that various other alternatives,
adaptations, and modifications may be made within the scope of the
present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not
limited to the specific embodiments as illustrated herein, but is
only limited by the following claims.
* * * * *