U.S. patent application number 15/641380 was filed with the patent office on 2017-10-19 for luminaire for use in a system for generating non-homogenous light and associated methods.
This patent application is currently assigned to Lighting Science Group Corporation. The applicant listed for this patent is Lighting Science Group Corporation. Invention is credited to David E. Bartine, Eliza Katar Grove, Fredric S. Maxik, Matthew Regan, Robert R. Soler, Addy S. Widjaja.
Application Number | 20170303364 15/641380 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49379487 |
Filed Date | 2017-10-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170303364 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Maxik; Fredric S. ; et
al. |
October 19, 2017 |
LUMINAIRE FOR USE IN A SYSTEM FOR GENERATING NON-HOMOGENOUS LIGHT
AND ASSOCIATED METHODS
Abstract
A luminaire for use in a lighting apparatus comprising a
plurality of luminaires and a computerized device comprising a
plurality of lights and a controller configured to communicate with
the computerized device, and coupled to the plurality of lights,
and configured to operate the luminaire to emit source light, the
source light being characterized by a dominant source light
wavelength that varies with time within a range from 390 nanometers
to 750 nanometers. The controller is configured to operate the
plurality of lights to emit a source light with a different
dominant source light wavelength than the source light of another
luminaire in the lighting apparatus and combine with the source
light emitted by the at least one other luminaire to form a
combined light at a distance from the luminaire, receive a lighting
scenario from the computerized device, and operate the luminaire
responsive to the lighting scenario.
Inventors: |
Maxik; Fredric S.; (Cocoa
Beach, FL) ; Soler; Robert R.; (San Marcos, CA)
; Bartine; David E.; (Cocoa, FL) ; Widjaja; Addy
S.; (Palm Bay, FL) ; Regan; Matthew;
(Melbourne, FL) ; Grove; Eliza Katar; (Satellite
Beach, FL) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Lighting Science Group Corporation |
Cocoa Beach |
FL |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Lighting Science Group
Corporation
Cocoa
FL
|
Family ID: |
49379487 |
Appl. No.: |
15/641380 |
Filed: |
July 5, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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15419617 |
Jan 30, 2017 |
9723682 |
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15641380 |
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14272858 |
May 8, 2014 |
9595118 |
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15419617 |
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13709942 |
Dec 10, 2012 |
8760370 |
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14272858 |
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13107928 |
May 15, 2011 |
8547391 |
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13709942 |
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13234371 |
Sep 16, 2011 |
8465167 |
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13107928 |
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61643308 |
May 6, 2012 |
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61643316 |
May 6, 2012 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G09G 3/3413 20130101;
G09G 2340/06 20130101; G09G 5/02 20130101; H05B 47/155 20200101;
G06T 11/001 20130101; H05B 47/16 20200101; Y02B 20/42 20130101;
G09G 2320/0666 20130101; Y02B 20/40 20130101; H05B 47/175 20200101;
H05B 45/20 20200101; H05B 47/19 20200101 |
International
Class: |
H05B 33/08 20060101
H05B033/08; H05B 37/02 20060101 H05B037/02; H05B 37/02 20060101
H05B037/02 |
Claims
1. A luminaire for use in a lighting apparatus comprising a
plurality of luminaires and a computerized device, the luminaire
comprising: a plurality of lights; and a controller, configured to
communicate with the computerized device, and coupled to the
plurality of lights, and configured to operate the luminaire to
emit source light, the source light being characterized by a
dominant source light wavelength within a range from 390 nanometers
to 750 nanometers; wherein the controller is configured to operate
the plurality of lights to emit a source light with a different
dominant source light wavelength than the source light of at least
one other luminaire in the lighting apparatus, and such that the
source light emitted by the luminaire is combined with the source
light emitted by the at least one other luminaire to form a
combined light at a distance from the luminaire defined as a
combining distance; wherein the dominant source light wavelength of
the luminaire is variable with time; and wherein the controller is
configured to receive a lighting scenario from the computerized
device placed in electronic communication with the controller; and
wherein the controller is programmable to operate the luminaire
responsive to the lighting scenario received from the remote
computerized device.
2. The luminaire according to claim 1 wherein each of the plurality
of lights comprises an LED.
3. The luminaire according to claim 1 wherein the combined light is
a white light.
4. The luminaire according to claim 1 wherein the combined light
comprises a plurality of wavelengths that are variable with
time.
5. The luminaire according to claim 1 wherein the controller is
operable to operate the luminaire such that a selected wavelength
is persistently included in the source light.
6. The luminaire according to claim 1 wherein the controller is
configured to operate the plurality of lights to emit a source
light comprising two wavelengths; and wherein the source light has
a non-white color associated therewith.
7. The luminaire according to claim 1 further comprising a locating
device operable to determine a location of the luminaire, defining
a determined location; wherein the luminaire is operable to
transmit the determined location to the computerized device.
8. The luminaire according to claim 7 wherein the controller is
configured to receive a lighting scenario from the computerized
device responsive to the determined locations transmitted to the
computerized device.
9. The luminaire according to claim 7 wherein the locating device
is operable to determine the determined location with respect to at
least one of an adjacent luminaire, the plurality of luminaires,
and a volume into which the source light is emitted.
10. The luminaire according to claim 7 wherein the locating device
is operable to detect an interfering object within a volume into
which the source light is emitted.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation and claims the benefit
under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
15/419,617 titled A Luminaire For Use in a System for Generating
Non-Homogenous Light and Associated Methods filed Jan. 30, 2017
(Attorney Docket No. 221.00683), which in turn is a continuation of
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/272,858 titled System for
Generating Non-Homogenous Light and Associated Methods filed May 8,
2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,595,118 (Attorney Docket No. 221.00227),
which in turn is a continuation of and claims the benefit of U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 13/709,942 titled System for Generating
Non-Homogenous Light and Associated Methods filed Dec. 10, 2012,
now U.S. Pat. No. 8,760,370 (Attorney Docket No. 221.00100), which
in turn is related to and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Patent Application Ser. No. 61/643,308 titled Tunable Light System
and Associated Methods filed May 6, 2012 (Attorney Docket No.
221.00053), U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/643,316
titled Luminaire Having an Adaptable Light Source and Associated
Methods filed May 6, 2012 (Attorney Docket No. 221.0052), and is a
continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/107,928
titled High Efficacy Lighting Signal Converter and Associated
Methods filed May 15, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,547,391 (Attorney
Docket No. 221.00003), and U.S. patent application Ser. No.
13/234,371 titled Color Conversion Occlusion and Associated Methods
filed Sep. 16, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,465,167 (Attorney Docket
No. 221.00008), the entire contents of each of which are
incorporated herein by reference except to the extent disclosure
therein is inconsistent with disclosure herein.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to systems and methods for
producing light and, more specifically, systems and methods for
producing light that combines to form light having desirable
characteristics.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Lighting devices intended to provide illumination for a room
have tended to operate according to one of two principles; to
provide light that is desirable for everyday use, or light that is
desirable for entertainment value. Light intended for the former
has been static, consistently producing light of a given color,
color temperature, or brightness, although so-called dimmer lights,
which change the brightness of the light, are known. Light intended
for the latter tends to be colored, hence usually having a lower
color rendering index (CRI), and has also tended to be dimmer,
which tends to make such light generally unsuitable for normal
lighting purposes. Therefore, there is a need for a lighting device
that can simultaneously produce light that is dynamic and
entertaining while also being suitable for normal lighting
purposes.
[0004] This background information is provided to reveal
information believed by the applicant to be of possible relevance
to the present invention. No admission is necessarily intended, nor
should be construed, that any of the preceding information
constitutes prior art against the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] With the foregoing in mind, embodiments of the present
invention are related to a luminaire for use in a lighting
apparatus comprising a plurality of luminaires and a computerized
device. The luminaire includes a plurality of light-emitting diodes
(LEDs), and a controller, configured to communicate with the
computerized device, and coupled to the plurality of LEDs, and
configured to operate the luminaire to emit source light. The
source light may be characterized by a dominant source light
wavelength within a range from 390 nanometers to 750 nanometers.
The controller may be configured to operate the plurality of LEDs
to emit a source light with a different dominant source light
wavelength than the source light of at least one other luminaire in
the lighting apparatus, and such that the source light emitted by
the luminaire is combined with the source light emitted by the at
least one other luminaire to form a combined light at a distance
from the luminaire defined as a combining distance. The dominant
source light wavelength of the luminaire may be variable with time.
The controller may operate the plurality of LEDs such that a color
temperature of the combined light does not vary more than 5% across
the length and width of the area of illumination while the dominant
source wavelength varies with time.
[0006] In some embodiments, the combined light may have a color
temperature within the range from 2,700 K to 3,500 K.
[0007] Also, a spectral power distribution of the luminaire may be
alterable responsive to a time indicated by a time-keeping device
in communication with the computerized device.
[0008] In various embodiments, the combined light may be a white
light, and/or include a plurality of wavelengths that are variable
with time.
[0009] In some embodiments, the controller may be operable to
operate the luminaire such that a selected wavelength is
persistently included in the plurality of wavelengths, and the
controller may be configured to operate the plurality of LEDs to
emit a source light comprising two wavelengths. The source light
may have a non-white color associated therewith.
[0010] The combined light at the combining distance has an area of
illumination having a length and a width; wherein the controller is
configured to operate the plurality of LEDs so as to control the
variation of at least one characteristic of the combined light
along at least one of the length and the width of the area of
illumination. The characteristic of the combined light that is
controlled may include color rendering index, chromaticity, and/or
luminous intensity. Furthermore, the characteristic of the combined
light that is controlled may not vary more than 5% across the
length and width of the area of illumination.
[0011] In certain embodiments, the luminaire may be positioned at
an offset distance from the at least one other adjacent luminaire.
The combining distance may be determined by the offset
distance.
[0012] Embodiments are also directed to a luminaire for use in a
lighting apparatus comprising a plurality of luminaires and a
computerized device. The luminaire includes a plurality of lights,
and a controller, configured to communicate with the computerized
device, and coupled to the plurality of lights, and configured to
operate the luminaire to emit source light. The source light may be
characterized by a dominant source light wavelength within a range
from 390 nanometers to 750 nanometers. The controller may be
configured to operate the plurality of lights to emit a source
light with a different dominant source light wavelength than the
source light of at least one other luminaire in the lighting
apparatus, and such that the source light emitted by the luminaire
is combined with the source light emitted by the at least one other
luminaire to form a combined light at a distance from the luminaire
defined as a combining distance. The dominant source light
wavelength of the luminaire may be variable with time. The
controller may operate the plurality of lights such that a color
temperature of the combined light does not vary more than 5% across
the length and width of the area of illumination while the dominant
source wavelength varies with time.
[0013] Embodiments may also be directed to a luminaire for use in a
lighting apparatus comprising a plurality of luminaires and a
computerized device. The luminaire may include a plurality of
lights, and a controller, configured to communicate with the
computerized device, and coupled to the plurality of lights, and
configured to operate the luminaire to emit source light. The
source light may be characterized by a dominant source light
wavelength within a range from 390 nanometers to 750 nanometers.
The controller may be configured to operate the plurality of lights
to emit a source light with a different dominant source light
wavelength than the source light of at least one other luminaire in
the lighting apparatus, and such that the source light emitted by
the luminaire is combined with the source light emitted by the at
least one other luminaire to form a combined light at a distance
from the luminaire defined as a combining distance. The dominant
source light wavelength of the luminaire may be variable with time.
The controller may be configured to receive a lighting scenario
from the computerized device placed in electronic communication
with the controller. The controller may be programmable to operate
the luminaire responsive to the lighting scenario received from the
remote computerized device.
[0014] In certain embodiments, each of the plurality of lights may
be an LED. The combined light may be a white light and/or include a
plurality of wavelengths that are variable with time.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lighting system according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of a plurality of luminaires
of a lighting system according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0017] FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of a plurality of luminaires
of a lighting system according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0018] FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a lighting system according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a
lighting system according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0020] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a
lighting system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present invention.
[0021] FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a
lighting system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present invention.
[0022] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a
lighting system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present invention.
[0023] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a
lighting system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present invention.
[0024] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a
lighting system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present invention.
[0025] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a
lighting system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0026] The present invention will now be described more fully
hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention
may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be
construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather,
these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be
thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the
invention to those skilled in the art. Those of ordinary skill in
the art realize that the following descriptions of the embodiments
of the present invention are illustrative and are not intended to
be limiting in any way. Other embodiments of the present invention
will readily suggest themselves to such skilled persons having the
benefit of this disclosure. Like numbers refer to like elements
throughout.
[0027] Although the following detailed description contains many
specifics for the purposes of illustration, anyone of ordinary
skill in the art will appreciate that many variations and
alterations to the following details are within the scope of the
invention. Accordingly, the following embodiments of the invention
are set forth without any loss of generality to, and without
imposing limitations upon, the claimed invention.
[0028] In this detailed description of the present invention, a
person skilled in the art should note that directional terms, such
as "above," "below," "upper," "lower," and other like terms are
used for the convenience of the reader in reference to the
drawings. Also, a person skilled in the art should notice this
description may contain other terminology to convey position,
orientation, and direction without departing from the principles of
the present invention.
[0029] An embodiment of the invention, as shown and described by
the various figures and accompanying text, provides a lighting
system for providing non-homogenous light. More specifically, a
lighting system comprising a plurality of luminaires that that emit
a plurality of source lights that combine to form a combined light
at a distance from the plurality of luminaires is provided.
[0030] Referring now to FIG. 1, a lighting system 100 will now be
discussed in greater detail. The lighting system 100 may comprise a
computerized device 200 and a plurality of luminaires 300. The
computerized device 200 may be positioned in communication with
each of the plurality of luminaires 300. Additionally, the
computerized device 200 may be configured so as to individually
operate each of the plurality of luminaires 300. The operation of
the plurality of luminaires 300 by the computerized device 200 may
cause some or all of the plurality of luminaires 300 to emit a
source light. The source light emitted by each of the plurality of
luminaires may propagate into a volume adjacent the plurality of
luminaires 300 and combine to form a combined light. The plurality
of luminaires 300 may be positioned in such a configuration so as
to form an array of luminaires 302, as shown in FIG. 1. In some
embodiments, the array 302 will be in a row-and-column
configuration, such as an N by M array
[0031] The computerized device 200 will now be discussed in greater
detail. The computerized device 200 may be any electronic device
that contains the necessary electronic components and attending
circuitry to enable operation of the plurality of luminaires 300.
For example, the computerized device 200 may include a
microcontroller, such as an integrated circuit. Additionally, the
computerized device 200 may include communication circuitry that
enables the computerized device 200 to be positioned in
communication with the plurality of luminaires 300. The
communication between the computerized device 200 and the plurality
of luminaires 300 may be accomplished by any electronic
communication means or methods known in the art, including, but not
limited to, Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), IEEE
1394/Firewire, ThunderBolt, 802.XX communication standards
including WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, RuBee, and all other wired and
wireless communication standard known in the art. More details
regarding communication between the computerized device 200 and the
plurality of luminaires 300 may be found in U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 13/403,531 titled Configurable Environmental Condition
Sensing Luminaire, System and Associated Methods which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0032] Additionally, the computerized device 200 may include the
necessary electronic components necessary to perform calculations
to determine the characteristics of source light emitted by each of
the plurality of luminaires 300 as well as the characteristics of a
combined light comprising the source lights of all the plurality of
luminaires 300 or, alternatively, a combined light comprising the
source lights of a subset of the plurality of luminaires 300.
[0033] Moreover, the computerized device 200 may include electronic
components that enable the communication device to communicate with
another computerized device so as to receive a lighting scenario. A
lighting scenario may be a picture, video, or other visual element
that may be recreated, either in whole or in part, by the operation
of the plurality of luminaires 300 by the computerized device 200.
The receipt of a lighting scenario by the computerized device 200
may cause the computerized device 200 to operate the plurality of
luminaires 300 responsive to the received lighting scenario. The
computerized device 200 may communicate with the other computerized
device so as to receive the lighting scenario by any means or
method known in the art, including, but not limited to, the
electronic communication means listed hereinabove. Moreover, the
computerized device 200 may operate the plurality of luminaires 300
in a manner that varies with time responsive to the lighting
scenario.
[0034] The lighting scenario may be a representation of an event.
For example, the lighting scenario may be a representation of a
naturally occurring phenomenon, such as, for example, the Aurora
Borealis. As another example, the lighting scenario may be a
representation of a human event, such as Mardi Gras. In any case,
the lighting scenario is a visual representation of an event that
has associated with it a varying visual element, usually including
variations in color, brightness, and any other visual elements.
These varying visual elements may be represented by the plurality
of luminaires 300 through their operation by the computerized
device 200. Accordingly, a person looking directly at the plurality
of luminaires 300, such as when they are positioned in an array,
may have the impression that they perceive the event that the
lighting scenario represents. However, when not looking directly at
the plurality of luminaires 300, but instead looking at the walls,
floor, or any other object disposed within a volume within which
the observer is positioned and into which the plurality of
luminaires 300 are emitting light, the observer will not perceive
the varying colors, brightness, or other characteristics of light
that are varying in the light emitted by the plurality of
luminaires 300 individually, as each of the individual emitted
lights will have combined to form a light having generally
consistent lighting characteristics, such as those that are
generally associated with providing normal lighting to a room. More
details regarding the combined light are provided hereinbelow.
[0035] The event that is being reproduced by the lighting scenario
may be digitized in a number of ways. In some embodiments, a video
capture device having a field of view may be positioned and
operated so as to capture a video of the event. In some further
embodiments, the video capture device may provide a video signal to
the computerized device 200 in real-time such that the computerized
device can recreate the event as it is happening. Such a
configuration is typically accomplished by positioning in
electrical communication each of the video capture device and the
computerized device with a network, either directly or through
connection to an intermediate electronic device. The video signal
may then be sent from the video capture device to the computerized
device 200 across the network. Often, a remote computerized device
is used to facilitate communication between the video capture
device and the computerized device 200. In some other embodiments,
a person may use software to recreate the event artificially. In
some other embodiments, an audio capture device may be positioned
to receive audio input, either electronically or using a
microphone, and transmit a signal to the computerized device that
may present a visualization of the received audio input.
[0036] Additionally, the computerized device 200 may be associated
with a memory within which a lighting scenario may be stored. The
memory may be an integral part of the computerized device 200, or
it may be temporarily attached to and associated with the
computerized device 200. When the computerized device 200 receives
a lighting scenario, the lighting scenario may be stored in the
memory for retrieval at another time by the computerized device
200.
[0037] Where the plurality of luminaires 300 is formed into an
array, the computerized device 200 may determine the location of
each of the plurality of luminaires 300. More specifically, the
computerized device 200 may determine the location of each
luminaire 300 with respect to its adjacent luminaires 300, or it
may determine the location of each luminaire 300 with respect to
every other luminaire 300 of the plurality of luminaires 300. In
order to determine the location of the plurality of luminaires 300,
the computerized device 200 may enter an acquisition phase, wherein
it transmits a signal to each of the plurality of luminaires 300.
In some embodiments, the quantity and arrangement of the plurality
of luminaires 300 may be predetermined, and a user may position the
luminaires 300 accordingly. The signal sent by the computerized
device 200 may either confirm the proper quantity and arrangement
of the luminaires 300 or it may indicate a missing or an
incorrectly arranged luminaire 300.
[0038] In some other embodiments, responsive to the locating signal
sent from the computerized device 200, the luminaires 300 may
operate a locating device comprised within either some or all of
the luminaires 300 to determine their location. The locating device
may function to determine the position of at least the containing
luminaire 300 and potentially luminaires 300 adjacent thereto. The
locating device may use any means or method in determining the
above locations, including, without limitation, electromagnetic
mapping, acoustic mapping, network trace mapping, visible light
communication, radio communication, and any other method known in
the art. These methods are exemplary only and do not limit the
scope of the invention. The locating device may determine the
location of the containing luminaire 300 either with respect to
adjacent luminaires, with respect to the entire plurality of
luminaires 300, with respect to the volume into which light emitted
by the luminaire 300 will propagate, and any combination thereof.
Moreover, the locating device may be configured to detect the
presence of interfering objects within the volume or among the
plurality of luminaires 300 that may affect the operation of the
lighting system.
[0039] Once the locating device has determined the locations
described above, it may transmit a response signal to the
computerized device 200 providing location information for the
containing luminaire 300, adjacent luminaires 300, the volume into
which light emitted by the luminaire 300 will propagate, and any
combination thereof. Once the computerized device 200 has received
the response signal from each luminaire 300 containing a locating
device, the computerized device may be programmed to determine how
to operate the plurality of luminaires 300 to both represent the
selected lighting scenario as well as to result in the selected
combined light.
[0040] Referring now to FIG. 2, the plurality of luminaires 300
will now be discussed in greater detail. Each of the plurality of
luminaires 300 may be configured to produce polychromatic light.
Polychromatic light is light that comprises two or more
wavelengths, hence being composed of two or more colors. More
details regarding luminaires configured to produce polychromatic
light, as well as the methods of producing polychromatic light
generally, may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No.
13/107,928 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.
61/643,308, both of which are incorporated by reference
hereinabove. Some of the luminaires may be capable of generating a
wider variety of lights, including having a broader color gamut,
having greater or lesser color intensity, and the like.
[0041] As noted above, the computerized device 200 may selectively
operate each of the plurality of luminaires 300. When a luminaire
300 is operated, it may emit a source light 304. The source light
304 of each luminaire 300 may have a known rate of lateral
propagation 306. The rate of lateral propagation 306 may be
described as the rate at which the source light 304 expands through
a volume away from a longitudinal axis 308 of the source light 304.
Each of the plurality of luminaires 300 may have an equivalent rate
of lateral propagation 306, or some or all luminaires 300 may have
a rate of lateral propagation 306 that is different from the other
luminaires 300. Additionally, where the plurality of luminaires 300
are arranged to form an array 302, as depicted in FIG. 1, each pair
of adjacent luminaires 300 may be separated by an offset distance
310. The proportion of the offset distance 310 to the rate of
lateral propagation 306 of adjacent luminaires 300 may determine a
combination distance 312. The combination distance 312 may be
defined as a distance along the longitudinal axis 308 of a
luminaire 300 where the source light 304 of a first luminaire 300
overlaps with the source light 304 of a second luminaire 300. In
the present embodiment, the first and second luminaires 300 are
adjacent to one another. Beyond the combination distance 312, the
overlap between the source lights 304 of two or more luminaires 300
may be defined as a combined light 314. The offset distance 310,
rate of lateral propagation 306, or both may be configured so as to
result in a combination distance 312 that is generally less than
the distance to the eye level of an average observer. Moreover, the
offset distance 310 between each adjacent luminaires may be
uniform, or it may vary. Moreover, the longitudinal axes 308
defined by each luminaire 300 may be parallel, intersecting, or
skew. In further embodiments, some or all of the luminaires 300 may
be capable of altering their offset distance 310 or angle of their
longitudinal axis 308 by repositioning or rotating itself by any
electrical, mechanical, magnet, or any other mechanism or system
capable of enabling such movement. Moreover, such movement may be
controlled by the computerized device 200 and the computerized
device 200 may alter the source lights 304 of any moving luminaire
300 to compensate for such movement.
[0042] The combined light 314 may be a polychromatic light
comprising the wavelengths of each of the source lights 304 that
overlapped to form the combined light 314. In some embodiments,
where the source lights 304 emitted by each of the plurality of
luminaires 300 are monochromatic and have the same single
wavelength, the resulting combined light 314 will be similarly
monochromatic. In some other embodiments, where the source lights
304 each emit a polychromatic light, the polychromaticity of the
combined light 314 will comprise an increased number of included
wavelengths. As the wavelength of each source light 304 varies with
time, so too will the wavelengths comprised by the combined light
314 vary with time.
[0043] Moreover, the combined light 314 may have other selected
lighting characteristics, such as chromaticity, luminous intensity,
color rendering index (CRI), color temperature, and any other
lighting characteristic. For example, the combined light 314 may be
a generally white light, may have luminous intensity within the
range from about 100 lumens to about 2,600 lumens, may be a
generally white light, may have a CRI of about 50 or greater, or
may have a color temperature within the range from about 2,000
Kelvin to about 25,000 Kelvin, or any combination of the above.
More specifically, where the color of the combined light 314 is
selected, the combined light 314 may form a metamer, wherein the
apparent color of the light is the result of the spectral power
distribution of the combined source lights 304 combining to form
the combined light 314. These selections of lighting
characteristics are exemplary only and non-limiting and any other
possible selection for each of the characteristics of light are
contemplated and included within the scope of the invention.
[0044] As stated above, the computerized device 200 may control the
operation of each of the plurality of luminaires 300. Furthermore,
the computerized device 200 may be configured to operate each of
the plurality of luminaires 300 to emit a source light 304
comprising one or more selected wavelengths.
[0045] The source light emitted by each luminaire 300 may include a
dominant wavelength. The dominant wavelength may be within a range
of wavelengths generally considered as within the visible spectrum
of wavelengths. More specifically, the dominant wavelength may be
within the range of from about 390 nanometers to about 750
nanometers. The dominant wavelength may principally define a color
of the source light 304. The dominant wavelength may be a white
color or a non-white color.
[0046] The color of the source light 304 of a luminaire 300 may be
assigned to the luminaire 300 by the computerized device 200, which
may operate the plurality of luminaires 300 according to a lighting
scenario as described hereinabove. More specifically, the
computerized device 200 may determine that a luminaire 300 will
represent a portion of the lighting scenario, and operate that
luminaire 300 so as to represent that portion of the lighting
scenario, recreating the lighting characteristics of that portion
of the lighting scenario, including such lighting characteristics
such as luminous intensity, chromaticity, and any other
characteristic which can be controlled by the operation of the
luminaire 300.
[0047] Furthermore, the source light 304 emitted by each luminaire
300 may vary with time. More specifically, the computerized device
200 may operate a luminaire 300 to emit a first source light 304
having a first selected characteristic of light. After some
interval of time, the computerized device 200 may operate the
luminaire 300 to emit a second source light 304 having a second
selected characteristic of light that differs from the first
selected characteristic of light. Accordingly, the computerized
device 200 may operate each of the plurality of luminaires 300 so
as to vary the characteristics of the source lights 304 emitted
thereby.
[0048] Turning now to FIG. 3, in some embodiments of the invention,
the computerized device 200 may be configured to operate the
plurality of luminaires 300 so as to emit source lights 304 that
combine to form a second combined light 316 at a second combination
distance 318 having desired lighting characteristics. The second
combination distance 318 may be defined as a distance along the
longitudinal axis 308 of a luminaire 300 where the source light 304
of a first luminaire 300' overlaps with the source light 304 of a
second luminaire 300'' and a third luminaire 300''. As such, the
second combined light 316 may essentially contain within it the
combined lights of each of the first luminaire 300' and the second
luminaire 300'' as well as the second luminaire 300'' and the third
luminaire 300'''. Generally, the second combination distance 318
will be greater than a combination distance for the combined lights
of the first luminaire 300' and the second luminaire 300'' as well
as the second luminaire 300'' and the third luminaire 300'''.
[0049] In each of the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 2 and 3, the
combined lights 314, 316, will comprise one or more wavelengths
that are determined by the source lights 304 emitted by each of the
luminaires 300 that combine to form the combined lights 314, 316.
Where the plurality of luminaires 300 comprises more than two
luminaires in the case of combined light 314, and more than three
luminaires 300 in the case of combined light 316, there will be
more than one combined light formed in each of those embodiments.
Accordingly, where the source lights 304 of a luminaire 300
comprises one or more wavelengths that differs from the source
lights 304 of other luminaires 300, it is possible for there to be
a variety of combined lights comprising different wavelengths in
the polychromatic light. Accordingly, where the plurality of
luminaires 300 are formed into an array, the combined light formed
by the plurality of luminaires 300 may vary across the length and
width of an area of illumination offset from the array at the
combining distance, depending on what source lights 304 are
combining to form the combined light at a given location.
[0050] Moreover, the computerized device 200 may control the
operation to control the variation of the combined light formed by
the plurality of luminaires 300 across the length and width of the
area of illumination. More specifically, the computerized device
200 may control the operation of the plurality of luminaires 300 to
control the variation of a characteristic of light, such as those
disclosed hereinabove, of the combined light formed thereby. More
specifically, the computerized device 200 may control the variation
of the characteristic of light to not exceed 5% of a selected value
or magnitude.
[0051] In some embodiments, the lighting system may further
comprise one or more optical sensors. The optical sensors may be
positioned so as to measure the source lights, the combined lights,
and reflections thereof throughout the volume through which they
propagate. The optical sensors may be placed in electrical
communication with the computerized device so as to function as a
feedback system, providing information to the computerized device
about the volume into which the light emitted by the luminaires is
emitted, and if the desired combined light is being formed. Types
of information included may be obstructions in the volume, the
color of any walls or objects in the volume, the actual combined
light, and the like. The computerized device may alter the source
lights of the plurality of luminaires responsive to the indication
of the characteristics of light being observed by the optical
sensors.
[0052] Where the lighting system 100 forms two or more combined
lights, in order to estimate what the combined lights of the
lighting system 100 will be at a given location, the computerized
device 200 may group subsets of the plurality of luminaires 300
into combination groups. Referring now to FIG. 4, an array 400 of
luminaires 300 is depicted, wherein the luminaires 300 are
positioned such that the array 400 is in a 4.times.4 grid
configuration.
[0053] The computerized device 200 may determine a plurality of
combination groups from the array 400 of luminaires 300. For
instance, the computerized device 200 may designate a first
combination group 402 comprising a four luminaires 300 in a
2.times.2 grid configuration. The computerized device 200 may
operate each of the luminaires 300 of the first combination group
such that a combined light formed by the first combination group
402 is a metamer comprising the wavelengths of light of each source
light emitted by the luminaires 300. Moreover, the computerized
device 200 may operate the luminaires 300 of the first combination
group 402 such that the metamer formed thereby has one or more
selected characteristic of light, such as those described
hereinabove.
[0054] Still referring to FIG. 4, the computerized device may
further designate a second combination group 404. The second
combination group 404 may comprise two luminaires 300 positioned in
a 1.times.2 array. The computerized device 200 may similarly
operate the luminaires 300 of the second combination group 404 such
that the metamer formed thereby has one or more selected
characteristic of light. The characteristic of light selected for
the metamer formed by the second combination group 404 may be the
same as the selected characteristic of light for the metamer formed
by the first combination group 402, or it may be different.
Moreover, while the selected characteristics may be of the same
type (i.e., chromaticity, luminous intensity, etc.), the magnitudes
may be different. Moreover, due to the orientation of the
luminaires 300 forming the second combination group 404, the
combination height of the metamer formed thereby will be different
from the combination height of the metamer formed by the first
combination group 402.
[0055] Still referring to FIG. 4, the computerized device 200 may
define a third combination group 406. The third combination group
406 may comprise four luminaires 300 positioned in a 2.times.2
array. Moreover, two of the luminaires 300 comprised by the third
combination group 406 may also be included in the first combination
group 402. Accordingly, the source lights emitted by luminaires 300
shared between the first combination group 402 and the third
combination group 406 will be constituent components of the
metamers formed by each of the combination groups. Moreover, any
changes to those shared luminaires 300 will affect both metamers
formed by the first and third combination groups 402, 406. This
phenomenon will be discussed in greater detail hereinbelow.
[0056] Referring now to the flowchart 500 illustrated in FIG. 5, a
method aspect of the present invention is now described in greater
detail. The method according to the present invention, and as
illustrated in the flowchart 500 of FIG. 5, is directed to a method
of operating a lighting system to reproduce a lighting scenario
while forming a combined light having selected characteristics of
light. The lighting system may include some or all of the features
described hereinabove.
[0057] From the Start (Step 501) a computerized device may send a
first signal to a plurality of luminaires at Step 502. At Step 504
the luminaires may operate responsive to the first signal, emitting
a source light having a first dominant wavelength. For at least two
of the luminaires, the source light emitted by a first luminaire
may have a different first dominant wavelength than a dominant
wavelength of a source light for a second luminaire. At Step 506
the source lights emitted by the luminaires may combine to form a
first combined light. At Step 508 the computerized device may
transmit a second signal to the luminaires. The sequential nature
of the above steps results in the second signal being transmitted
at some time after the transmittal of the first signal. At Step 510
the luminaires may operate responsive to the second signal,
emitting a source light having a second dominant wavelength. For at
least one of the luminaires, the first dominant wavelength may be
different than the second dominant wavelength. At Step 512 the
source lights emitted by the luminaires having second dominant
wavelengths may combine to form a second combined light. The method
is ended at Step 514.
[0058] Referring now additionally to the flowchart 600 illustrated
in FIG. 6, a method aspect of the present invention is now
described in greater detail. The method according to the present
invention, and as illustrated in the flowchart 600 of FIG. 6, is
directed to a lighting system that operates responsive to a
lighting scenario received from a remote computerized device. From
the Start (Step 601) a computerized device of the lighting system
may be placed in communication with a remote computerized device,
as described hereinabove, at Step 602. At Step 604, the
computerized device may receive from the remote computerized device
a lighting scenario. As discussed hereinabove, the lighting
scenario may be generated by a signal capture device, such as a
video capture device, an audio capture device, a video playback
device, an audio playback device, and the like. Furthermore, the
lighting scenario may be captured live by the signal capture
device. Alternatively, the lighting scenario may be pre-programmed
on the remote computerized device. At Step 606, the computerized
device may then operate a plurality of luminaires of the lighting
system responsive to the received lighting scenario. For example,
the computerized device may operate the luminaires as described in
flowchart 500 as shown in FIG. 5. Any method of operation described
in this application or known in the art are contemplated and
included within the scope of the invention. The method is ended at
Step 608.
[0059] Referring now additionally to the flowchart 700 illustrated
in FIG. 7, a method aspect of the present invention is now
described in greater detail. The method according to the present
invention, and as illustrated in the flowchart 700 of FIG. 7, is
directed to a lighting system that includes a computerized device
comprising a memory. From the Start (Step 701) a computerized
device of the lighting system may be placed in communication with a
remote computerized device, as described hereinabove, at Step 702.
At Step 704 the computerized device may receive from the remote
computerized device a lighting scenario, also as described
hereinabove. At Step 706 the computerized device may write the
received lighting scenario to a memory associated with the
computerized device. At Step 708, the computerized device may
retrieve the lighting scenario from the memory and operate the
luminaires responsive to the stored lighting scenario, as described
hereinabove. The method is ended at Step 710.
[0060] Referring now additionally to the flowchart 800 illustrated
in FIG. 8, a method aspect of the present invention is now
described in greater detail. The method according to the present
invention, and as illustrated in the flowchart 800 of FIG. 8, is
directed to a lighting system that determines the location of a
plurality of luminaires positioned in an array. From the Start
(Step 801) a computerized device may transmit a locating signal to
each of a plurality of luminaires at Step 802. At Step 804 each of
the plurality of luminaires may determine its location by any
method disclosed hereinabove. Each luminaire may determine its
location according to one of at least three location perspectives.
Depending on the configuration and capabilities of a locating
device included by at least some of the plurality of luminaires,
the containing luminaires may determine its location with respect
to at least one of its adjacent luminaires, as shown in Step 806,
with respect to at least all the other luminaires of the plurality
of luminaires, as shown in Step 808, or with respect to the volume
into which light emitted by the plurality of luminaires will
propagate into, as shown at Step 810, and any combination thereof.
At Step 812 each luminaire may transmit a response signal to the
computerized device providing its location information. At Step 814
the computerized device may operate the luminaires responsive to
the response signals received from the luminaires. The location
indicated by each response signal associated with each luminaire
may facilitate the computerized device in determining which portion
of the lighting scenario each luminaire may be assigned and
operated to recreate. The method is ended at Step 816.
[0061] Referring now additionally to the flowchart 900 illustrated
in FIG. 9, a method aspect of the present invention is now
described in greater detail. The method according to the present
invention, and as illustrated in the flowchart 900 of FIG. 9, is
directed to a lighting system determines whether light emitted
responsive to a lighting scenario will produce a selected combined
light. From the Start (Step 901) a computerized device may
determine a lighting scenario at Step 902. The determination of the
lighting scenario may include the receipt of a lighting scenario as
described hereinabove, or it may include the selection of one
lighting scenario from many lighting scenarios available to the
computerized device by any of the methods disclosed hereinabove.
The lighting scenario of this embodiment may comprise a plurality
of pixels arranged into an array. Furthermore, the determination of
the lighting scenario may include assigning each pixel of the
lighting scenario to a luminaire of the plurality of luminaires,
defining a pixel light for each of the luminaires. The color of
each pixel light may be designated a dominant wavelength of a
source light for the luminaire associated with the pixel light.
[0062] In some embodiments, the lighting scenario may comprise a
plurality of pixels that is greater in number than the number of
luminaires in the plurality of luminaires. Alternatively, the
lighting scenario may have an aspect ratio that is different than
an aspect ratio of the array of luminaires. Accordingly, in
determining the lighting scenario, the computerized device may
render the lighting scenario either by pixelating, deresolving,
cropping, resizing, or in some other way modifying the lighting
scenario such that it may be producible by the plurality of
luminaires.
[0063] At Step 904 the computerized device may determine a selected
combined light. The selected combined light may be a combined light
that has a selected characteristic of light as described
hereinabove. The computerized device may determine the selected
combined light by a number of methods. One such method is for the
computerized device to be pre-programmed to include a predetermined
combined light. Another method is for the computerized device to
receive included with the lighting scenario a selected combined
light. Another method is for the computerized device to receive an
input providing the selected combined light. The input may be
received from a variety of sources, including, without limitation,
a remote computerized device, such as a computer terminal, a smart
phone, a tablet computer, a wireless device specifically associated
with the computerized device, or any other electrical device
capable of transmitting the selected combined light to the
computerized device. These methods and devices are exemplary only,
and all possible methods and associated devices of providing the
selected combined light to the computerized device are contemplated
and included within the scope of the invention.
[0064] At Step 906 the computerized device may determine whether a
metamer comprising the dominant wavelengths of the plurality of
luminaires produces the selected combined light. If, at Step 906,
it is determined the metamer comprising the dominant wavelengths of
the plurality of luminaires will produce the selected combined
light, then at Step 908 the computerized device may operate the
plurality of luminaires according to each of their previously
determined pixel lights.
[0065] However, if at Step 906 it is determined that the metamer
comprising the dominant wavelengths of the plurality of luminaires
does not produce the selected combined light, then at Step 910 the
computerized device may determine a first subordinate light that,
when combined with the metamer, will produce the selected combined
light. At Step 912 the computerized device may identify a pixel
light, and hence a luminaire, that can be adjusted to include the
first subordinate light.
[0066] At Step 914 the computerized device may determine a modified
pixel light that includes both the dominant wavelength for that
pixel light as well as the first subordinate light. The
computerized device may determine that, upon addition of the first
subordinate light, the identified pixel light will still produce
the color, luminous intensity, or other characteristic of light
that is required for conformity with the lighting scenario. At Step
916 the computerized device may then operate the luminaires
according to their pixel light or, in the case of the identified
pixel light, the modified pixel light. The method is ended at Step
918.
[0067] Referring now additionally to the flowchart 1000 illustrated
in FIG. 10, a method aspect of the present invention is now
described in greater detail. The method according to the present
invention, and as illustrated in the flowchart 1000 of FIG. 10, is
directed to a lighting system similar to that described in
flowchart 900 of FIG. 9 wherein the computerized device determines
a plurality of metamers.
[0068] From the Start (Step 1001) the computerized device may
determine a lighting scenario, as described hereinabove, at Step
1002. At Step 1004 the computerized device may determine the
selected combined light as described hereinabove. At Step 1006 the
computerized device may define a plurality of combination groups
consisting of subsets of the plurality of luminaires. The various
configurations of combination groups are disclosed hereinabove.
Each combination group defined by the computerized device has
associated with it a metamer comprising the dominant wavelengths of
each of the pixel lights of the combination groups.
[0069] At Step 1008 the computerized device may determine whether
the metamers of each combination group produces the selected
combined light. If, at Step 1008, it is determined the metamer
comprising the dominant wavelengths of the plurality of luminaires
will produce the selected combined light, then at Step 1010 the
computerized device may operate the plurality of luminaires
according to each of their previously determined pixel lights.
[0070] However, if at Step 1008 it is determined that one or more
of the metamers does not produce the selected combined light, then
at Step 1012 the computerized device may identify the
non-conforming metamer and determine a first subordinate light
that, when combined with the metamer, will produce the selected
combined light. At Step 1014 the computerized device may identify a
first pixel light selected from the pixel lights of the
non-conforming combination group that can be adjusted to include
the first subordinate light.
[0071] At Step 1016 the computerized device may determine a first
modified pixel light that includes both the dominant wavelength for
the identified pixel light as well as the first subordinate light.
The computerized device may determine that, upon addition of the
first subordinate light, the identified pixel light will still
produce the color, luminous intensity, or other characteristic of
light that is required for conformity with the lighting scenario.
At Step 1018 the computerized device may then operate the
luminaires according to their pixel light or, in the case of the
identified pixel light, the modified pixel light.
[0072] It is contemplated that more than one combination group may
produce a metamer that does not produce the selected combined
light. Steps 1012, 1014, and 1016 may be repeated for each
combination group producing a non-conforming metamer. The method is
ended at Step 1020.
[0073] Referring now additionally to the flowchart 1100 illustrated
in FIG. 11, a method aspect of the present invention is now
described in greater detail. The method according to the present
invention, and as illustrated in the flowchart 1100 of FIG. 11, is
directed to a lighting system similar to that described in
flowchart 1000 of FIG. 10 wherein the computerized device
determines a plurality of metamers, further wherein the
computerized device defines a plurality of combination groups that
are overlapping, such that one luminaire may be included in two or
more combination groups.
[0074] From the Start (Step 1101) the computerized device may
determine a lighting scenario, as described hereinabove, at Step
1102. At Step 1104 the computerized device may determine the
selected combined light as described hereinabove. At Step 1106 the
computerized device may define a plurality of combination groups
consisting of subsets of the plurality of luminaires as described
hereinabove. At Step 1108 the computerized device may determine
whether the metamers of each combination group produces the
selected combined light. If, at Step 1108, it is determined the
metamer comprising the dominant wavelengths of the plurality of
luminaires will produce the selected combined light, then at Step
1110 the computerized device may operate the plurality of
luminaires according to each of their previously determined pixel
lights.
[0075] However, if at Step 1108 it is determined that one or more
of the metamers does not produce the selected combined light, then
at Step 1112 the computerized device may identify the
non-conforming metamer and determine a first subordinate light
that, when combined with the metamer, will produce the selected
combined light. At Step 1114 the computerized device may identify a
first pixel light selected from the pixel lights of the
non-conforming combination group that can be adjusted to include
the first subordinate light.
[0076] At Step 1116 the computerized device may determine a first
modified pixel light that includes both the dominant wavelength for
the identified pixel light as well as the first subordinate light.
The computerized device may determine that, upon addition of the
first subordinate light, the identified pixel light will still
produce the color, luminous intensity, or other characteristic of
light that is required for conformity with the lighting
scenario.
[0077] As stated above, the combination groups of this embodiment
may overlap such that one luminaire may be included in two or more
combination groups. Accordingly, when a modified pixel light is
determined, it is possible that the modified pixel light may be
associated with a luminaire that is included in more than one
combination group, namely a first and second combination groups,
wherein at least the first combination group is determined to be
producing a non-conforming metamer. Moreover, should that luminaire
be included in more than one combination group, it is possible that
while the modified pixel light may cause the previously
non-conforming metamer of the first combination group to produce
the selected combined light, it may have the unintended consequence
of causing the metamer of the second combination group to become
non-conforming. Accordingly, at Step 1118, the computerized device
may determine whether the modified pixel light is included in more
than one combination group. If it is determined that the modified
pixel light is not associated with more than one combination group,
then at Step 1120 the computerized device may then operate the
luminaires according to their pixel light or, in the case of the
identified pixel light, the modified pixel light.
[0078] However, if at Step 1118 it is determined the modified pixel
light is included in more than one combination group, then at Step
1122 the computerized device may determine whether a second metamer
associated with a second combination group now including the
modified pixel light produces the selected combined light. If the
second metamer produces the selected combined light, then the
method may proceed to Step 1120 and the computerized device may
operate the luminaires according to their pixel light or, in the
case of the identified pixel light, the modified pixel light.
[0079] However, if at Step 1122 it is determined that the second
metamer does not produce the second combined light, then at Step
1124 the computerized device may determine a second subordinate
light that, when combined with the second metamer, produces the
selected combined light. At Step 1126 the computerized device may
then identify a second pixel light from the pixel lights included
in the second combination group to include the second subordinate
light. The second identified pixel light may be the same as the
first identified pixel light, or it may be a pixel light of the
second combination group other than the first identified pixel
light.
[0080] At Step 1128 the computerized device may determine a second
modified pixel light that includes both the dominant wavelength for
the second identified pixel light as well as the second subordinate
light. The computerized device may determine that, upon addition of
the second subordinate light, the second identified pixel light
will still produce the color, luminous intensity, or other
characteristic of light that is required for conformity with the
lighting scenario.
[0081] It is appreciated that Step 1118 may be performed for the
second modified pixel light, with Steps 1120 through 1126
potentially being performed again. It is contemplated that these
steps may be performed iteratively until it is determined by the
computerized device that the metamer of every combination group
produces the selected combined light. Accordingly, the computerized
device may operate the luminaires according to their respective
pixel light, first modified pixel light, second modified pixel
light, and any number modified pixel light as is required. The
method is ended at Step 1130.
[0082] Some of the illustrative aspects of the present invention
may be advantageous in solving the problems herein described and
other problems not discussed which are discoverable by a skilled
artisan.
[0083] While the above description contains much specificity, these
should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any
embodiment, but as exemplifications of the presented embodiments
thereof. Many other ramifications and variations are possible
within the teachings of the various embodiments. While the
invention has been described with reference to exemplary
embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that
various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for
elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention.
In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular
situation or material to the teachings of the invention without
departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is
intended that the invention not be limited to the particular
embodiment disclosed as the best or only mode contemplated for
carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include
all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Also, in the drawings and the description, there have been
disclosed exemplary embodiments of the invention and, although
specific terms may have been employed, they are unless otherwise
stated used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for
purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention therefore not
being so limited. Moreover, the use of the terms first, second,
etc. do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms
first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from
another. Furthermore, the use of the terms a, an, etc. do not
denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of
at least one of the referenced item.
[0084] Thus the scope of the invention should be determined by the
appended claims and their legal equivalents, and not by the
examples given.
* * * * *