U.S. patent application number 15/639630 was filed with the patent office on 2017-10-19 for granulated dry cleanser for the care of keratinous substrates.
The applicant listed for this patent is Dow Corning Corporation. Invention is credited to Claire-Sophie BERNET, Serge CREUTZ, Stephanie POSTIAUX, Flore Martine Jeanne VANDEMEULEBROUCKE.
Application Number | 20170296455 15/639630 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43586746 |
Filed Date | 2017-10-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170296455 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
BERNET; Claire-Sophie ; et
al. |
October 19, 2017 |
GRANULATED DRY CLEANSER FOR THE CARE OF KERATINOUS SUBSTRATES
Abstract
Described herein is a granulated dry composition comprising at
least one non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane, agglomerated onto
solid carrier particles. The granulated dry compositions can be
used as a dry cleanser for keratinous substrates with high speed of
absorption of body fluids together with improved sensory feel and
release of care agents.
Inventors: |
BERNET; Claire-Sophie;
(Nivelles, BE) ; CREUTZ; Serge; (Liege, BE)
; POSTIAUX; Stephanie; (Ressaix, BE) ;
VANDEMEULEBROUCKE; Flore Martine Jeanne; (Manage,
BE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Dow Corning Corporation |
Midland |
MI |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
43586746 |
Appl. No.: |
15/639630 |
Filed: |
June 30, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13390130 |
Feb 13, 2012 |
9724289 |
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PCT/US10/44182 |
Aug 3, 2010 |
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15639630 |
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61233572 |
Aug 13, 2009 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 8/0225 20130101;
A61K 8/898 20130101; A61K 8/895 20130101; A61K 2800/624 20130101;
A61Q 5/02 20130101; A61K 8/25 20130101; A61K 8/0279 20130101; A61K
8/26 20130101; A61K 2800/412 20130101; A61K 2800/31 20130101; A61K
2800/654 20130101; A61K 8/732 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/895 20060101
A61K008/895; A61K 8/898 20060101 A61K008/898; A61K 8/73 20060101
A61K008/73; A61K 8/25 20060101 A61K008/25; A61K 8/26 20060101
A61K008/26; A61K 8/02 20060101 A61K008/02; A61Q 5/02 20060101
A61Q005/02; A61K 8/02 20060101 A61K008/02 |
Claims
1. A granulated dry composition having granules, wherein the
granules are agglomerated particles having a non-elastomeric
polyorganosiloxane in liquid form agglomerated with a solid
particulate carrier, and wherein the solid particulate carrier is
capable of absorbing body fluids.
2. The granulated dry composition according to claim 1, wherein the
granulated dry composition comprises at least 80 wt % of the solid
particulate carrier and the non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane.
3. The granulated dry composition according to claim 1, further
comprising a binder and/or an additive substance selected from
perfumes, fragrances, colorants, essential oils, deposition agents,
buffering agents, stabilizers, proteins, preservatives,
anti-dandruff agents, disinfectants, glycols, polyols, vitamins
and/or their derivatives, styling agents, sunscreen agents,
humectants, oil components, emollients, esters, ceramides, soothing
ingredients, antiperspirants, malodor sequestrants, surfactants,
amino-acid derivatives, antioxidants, botanicals, antimicrobial
agents, conditioners, and silicone elastomers.
4. (canceled)
5. The granulated dry composition according to claim 1, wherein the
solid particulate carrier comprises zeolite, aluminosilicates,
silicates, mica, bentonite, diatomite, sepiolite, natural or
modified clays, talc, neat or treated silica, cellulose and its
derivatives, alginates, chitin, chitosan, starch and its
derivatives, sulphate salt, wood flour or carbohydrates, or
mixtures thereof.
6. The granulated dry composition according to claim 1, wherein the
mean particle diameter of the granules is 0.02 to 1.5 mm.
7. The granulated dry composition according to claim 1, wherein the
weight ratio of the non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane to the solid
particulate carrier is in the range of 2:98 to 80:20.
8. The granulated dry composition according to claim 1, wherein the
non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane is an organomodified
polysiloxane.
9. The granulated dry composition according to claim 1, wherein the
non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane is an aminofunctional
polyorganosiloxane.
10. A method for preparing the granulated dry composition according
to claim 1, the method comprising: contacting a liquid composition
comprising the non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane with the solid
particulate carrier; wherein the contacting is under conditions
such that the liquid composition is agglomerated with the solid
particulate carrier to produce an agglomerated product; and wherein
the agglomerated product is kept in granule form during
agglomeration or is subsequently formed into granules.
11. (canceled)
12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the contacting is
performed in a mixer, and the mean particle diameter of the solid
particulate carrier fed to the mixer is between 1 micrometer and
250 micrometers.
13. The method according to claim 10, wherein the liquid
composition is sprayed onto the solid particulate carrier.
14. The method according to claim 10, wherein the non-elastomeric
polyorganosiloxane is an organomodified polysiloxane, alternatively
is an aminofunctional polyorganosiloxane.
15. (canceled)
16. The method according to claim 10, wherein the liquid
composition is in the form of an emulsion.
17. A method of cleansing a keratinous substrate, the method
comprising: applying a granulated dry composition to the keratinous
substrate; and removing the granulated dry composition from the
keratinous substrate; wherein the granulated dry composition is
according to claim 1.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the granulated dry
composition is applied to the keratinous substrate by sprinkling or
by spraying or with an applicator.
19. (canceled)
20. The method according to claim 17, wherein the keratinous
substrate is hair.
21. The method according to claim 17, wherein the granules further
comprise an additive substance and the additive substance is
deposited on the keratinous substrate by application of the
granulated dry composition.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] NONE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Disclosed herein is a granulated powder to be used as a dry
cleanser for keratinous substrates with high speed of absorption of
body fluids together with improved sensory feel and release of care
agents. By dry is generally meant that water is not needed during
application. In the present description, we use the term "cleanser"
to include cleaning personal care product which is designed to
clean skin or hair for animals as well as for human beings. A dry
cleanser is designed to remove body fluids, such as sebum,
perspiration and malodor, dirt, skin particles, dandruff,
environmental pollutants or other contaminant particles that
gradually build up on keratinous substrates. The personal care
product may be functional with respect to the portion of the body
to which it is applied; it can be cosmetic, therapeutic, or some
combination thereof, through the release of care agents such as
sensory agent, shine agent, coloring agent, fragrance, moisturizing
agent or refreshing agent. The cleanser as described herein is in
the form of a powder able to clean hair or skin in the absence of
water.
[0003] Cleansers are usually sold in liquid format and require the
use of water and the drying of the keratinous substrate afterwards.
There is however a requirement for dry application, i.e. in the
absence of water, particularly if water is not available or not
allowed, e.g. travels, hospital or during working hours, or if
there are some transportation restriction, e.g. in airports. To
sufficiently absorb sebum, a dry cleanser needs to be left long
enough on the keratinous substrate, thus limiting their use. There
is therefore the need to enhance the speed of absorption and thus
reduce the needed contact time with the keratinous substrate.
[0004] It has been found that the agglomeration of non-elastomeric
polyorganosiloxanes with solid particulate carriers enhances the
speed of absorption of body fluids by these carriers, though these
non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes have no specific absorption
properties.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] Described herein is a granulated dry composition comprising
at least one non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane, agglomerated onto
solid carrier particles. By granules we mean agglomerated
particles, typically free flowing particles, as opposed to slurry
agglomerate. The granules comprise carrier particles upon which a
liquid non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane containing composition is
deposited in combination with optional care agents and which
exhibit fast absorbency.
[0006] The granulated dry composition is prepared by contacting a
liquid non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes containing composition
(liquid composition), with a solid particulate carrier composition
(carrier) under conditions such that the liquid composition is
agglomerated with the carrier, the agglomerated product being kept
in granule form during agglomeration or subsequently formed into
granules.
[0007] We have found that the granulated dry composition absorbs
body fluids faster and is perceived as providing a pleasant feel on
the hair or skin. The granulated dry composition may be packaged in
various types of packaging or dispenser, such as but not limited to
sachet, flask, aerosol.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The solid particulate carriers which may be used in the
invention include zeolites, for example Zeolite 4A or Zeolite X,
and other aluminosilicates or silicates, for example magnesium
silicate, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, mica, bentonite,
diatomite, sepiolite, natural or modified clays, such as that sold
under the Trade Mark `Laponite XG`, talc, neat or treated silica,
cellulose, alginates, chitin, chitosan, starch, for example
granulated starch or native starch, calcium sulphate, calcium
carbonate, sodium sulphate, sodium acetate, magnesium sulphate,
phosphates, for example powdered or granular sodium
tripolyphosphate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium perborate, sodium
citrate, wood flour and carbohydrates such as cellulose
derivatives, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, or sugars,
for example lactose, dextrose, or maltodextrin, for example that
sold under the Trade Mark `Glucidex IT`. Soft carriers are
preferred to hard carriers, so that the granulated cleanser
composition feels soft to the touch. Typically the solid
particulate carrier is one that is able to absorb body fluids such
as sebum. The carrier may comprise a mixture of different carriers,
for example calcium silicate and starch for improved
absorbency.
[0009] The mean particle size of a soft solid particulate carrier
which contacts the liquid composition is generally from 1
micrometer to 250 micrometers, alternatively from 1 to 100
micrometers, alternatively from 2 up to 15 or 30 micrometers.
[0010] The mean particle size of a hard solid particulate carrier
is 1 to 30 micrometers, alternatively 1 to 20 micrometers,
alternatively 1 to 10 micrometers.
[0011] The liquid composition comprises at least one
non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane, optionally a binder and
optionally a cosmetic ingredient.
[0012] The non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein may be in the form of oils, waxes, resins or gums, possibly
modified with organic moieties, and may be soluble or non soluble
in the liquid composition. They may be volatile or non-volatile.
Any combination or mixture of different non-elastomeric
polyorganosiloxanes may also be used. Such non-elastomeric
polyorganosiloxanes are known to the person skilled in the art as
are methods for making them and many of them commercially
available. Elastomeric polyorganosiloxane do not form part of the
polyorganosiloxanes which may be used herein.
[0013] Volatile non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes are typically
those having a boiling point below 250.degree. C., such as (i)
cyclic polyorganosiloxanes containing from 3 to 7 alternatively
from 5 to 6 silicon atoms; (ii) linear volatile polyorganosiloxanes
having 2 to 9 silicon atoms and having a viscosity of less than or
equal to 5 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. The volatile non-elastomeric
polyorganosiloxanes may also be mixtures of (i) and (ii). The
volatile non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes may be further
exemplified by volatile methyl siloxane or volatile ethyl
siloxanes.
[0014] Non-volatile non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes may be
exemplified by polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes,
polyalkylarylsiloxanes, polyorganosiloxane gums and resins,
polyorganosiloxanes modified with organofunctional groups, and
mixtures thereof.
[0015] Examples of polyalkylsiloxanes, are polydimethylsiloxanes
containing trimethylsilyl end groups (CTFA designation Dimethicone)
having a viscosity of from 5 mm.sup.2/s to 2.5 million mm.sup.2/s
at 25.degree. C., alternatively 10 to 1 million mm.sup.2/s. Also
suitable are polydimethylsiloxanes containing dimethylsilanol end
groups (CTFA designation Dimethiconol).
[0016] Polyalkylarylsiloxanes which are useful may be chosen from
linear and branched polydimethylmethylphenylsiloxanes and
polydimethyldiphenylsiloxanes with a viscosity of from 10 to 50 000
mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C.
[0017] The non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane may be in the form of
a gum. Gums are typically polydiorganosiloxanes having a molecular
weight in the range of 200,000 and 1,000,000, used alone or in
conjunction with a solvent. This solvent may be chosen from
volatile polyorganosiloxanes, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils,
isoparaffins, hydrocarbon solvents, or mixtures thereof.
[0018] The non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane may be a resin.
Non-elastomeric polyorganosilxoxane resins which may be used herein
typically consist of siloxane units of the general formula
R''SiO.sub.3/2 wherein R'' denotes a hydrocarbon-based group having
from 1 to 16 carbon atoms or a phenyl group; alternatively a
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 lower alkyl radical; alternatively methyl, or a
phenyl radical. The non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane resins
useful herein may be used alone or in conjunction with a solvent.
The resins may be exemplified by an organopolysiloxane resin (CTFA
designation Trimethylsiloxysilicate) or those described in U.S.
Pat. No. 5,152,984 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,126,126, such as Aminopropyl
Phenyl Trimethicone (CTFA designation).
[0019] Non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes modified with an
organofunctional group (organomodified polyorganosiloxane) may be
used herein. By modified with an organofunctional group it is meant
polyorganosiloxanes containing in their structure one or more
organofunctional groups attached via a Si--C or Si--O--C
linkage.
[0020] One type of organomodified polyorganosiloxane is
polyorganosiloxanes containing polyethylenoxy and/or
polypropylenoxy groups, optionally containing C.sub.6-C.sub.24
alkyl groups and substituted or unsubstituted amine groups such as
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 aminoalkyl groups (aminofunctional
polyorganosiloxanes).
[0021] One example of aminofunctional polyorganosiloxanes are those
having the formula
R.sup.2R.sub.2SiO(R.sub.2SiO).sub.a(R.sup.1RSiO).sub.bSiR.sub.2R.sup.2
or
R.sup.2R.sub.2SiO(R.sub.2SiO).sub.a(R.sup.1SiO.sub.3/2).sub.bSiR.sub.2R.s-
up.2 wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, R.sup.1 is an
aminoalkyl group having its formula selected from the group
consisting of --R.sup.3NH.sub.2 and --R.sup.3NHR.sup.4NH.sub.2
wherein R.sup.3 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having at least 3
carbon atoms and R.sup.4 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having
at least 2 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is selected from the group
consisting of R, R.sup.1, and --OH, typically --OH; subscript a has
a value of 0 to 2000, alternatively 50 to 2000, and subscript b has
a value of from greater than zero to 200, alternatively 1 to
100.
[0022] In these aminofunctional polyorganosiloxanes, the R radicals
are exemplified by alkyl radicals such as the methyl, ethyl,
propyl, butyl, amyl, and hexyl, alkenyl radicals such as the vinyl,
allyl, and hexenyl, cycloalkyl radicals such as the cyclobutyl and
cyclohexyl, aryl radicals such as the phenyl and naphthyl, aralkyl
radicals such as the benzyl and 2-phenylethyl, alkaryl radicals
such as the tolyl, and xylyl, halohydrocarbon radicals such as
3-chloropropyl, 4-bromobutyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl,
chlorocyclohexyl, bromophenyl, and chlorophenyl. Typically R is a
monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alternatively methyl, phenyl, and vinyl.
[0023] In the above aminofunctional polyorganosiloxane, R.sup.3 is
typically an alkylene radical having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms such
as propylene, --CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.3--, butylene,
--CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2--, pentamethylene, hexamethylene,
3-ethyl-hexamethylene, octamethylene, or decamethylene.
[0024] In the above aminofunctional polyorganosiloxane, R.sup.4 is
typically an alkylene radical having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms such
as ethylene, propylene, --CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.3--, butylene,
--CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2--, pentamethylene, hexamethylene,
3-ethyl-hexamethylene, octamethylene, and decamethylene.
[0025] Specific examples of R.sup.1 are
CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2NHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2NH.sub.2 and
--CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2NHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2NH.sub.2 or their
salts. Examples of such salts include alkyl carboxylate salts, aryl
carboxylate salts, halide salts such as chlorides and bromides, and
other neutralization products of the amines with organic acids.
[0026] The aminofunctional polyorganosiloxanes typically have from
0.1 to 15 mol % of the above described amino groups alternatively
from 0.2 to 10 mol %. The aminofunctional polyorganosiloxanes
useful in this invention may be prepared by procedures well known
in the art. Many of these polyorganosiloxanes are available
commercially.
[0027] Other suitable aminofunctional polyorganosiloxanes include
those having alkoxylated groups; or hydroxyl groups, as described
in EP 1081272, U.S. Pat. No. 6,171,515 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,136,215
such as Bis-Hydroxy/Methoxy Amodimethicone.
[0028] Other aminofunction polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein are amino-acid functional siloxanes obtained by reacting an
amino acid derivative selected from the group of an N-acyl amino
acid and an N-aroyl amino acid with an amino functional siloxane,
further described in WO 2007/141565.
[0029] Other aminofunctional polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein are quaternary ammonium functional polyorganosiloxanes,
described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,482,969 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,607,717,
such as Polyorganosiloxane Quaternium-16 (CTFA designation).
[0030] Other aminofunction polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein are amino ABn polyorganosiloxane polyether block copolymer,
where an amino functionality is added to the ABn polyorganosiloxane
polyether copolymer, also described in IP.COM 00141525 such as
Bis-Isobutyl PEG/PPG-20/35/Amodimethicone Copolymer (CTFA
designation).
[0031] Other organomodified polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein are water soluble or water dispersible polyorganosiloxane
polyether compositions. These are also known as polyalkylene oxide
polyorganosiloxane copolymers, polyorganosiloxane poly(oxyalkylene)
copolymers, polyorganosiloxane glycol copolymers, or
polyorganosiloxane surfactants. These may be linear rake or graft
type materials, or ABA and ABn types where the B is the siloxane
polymer block, and the A is the poly(oxyalkylene) group. The
poly(oxyalkylene) group may consist of polyethylene oxide,
polypropylene oxide, or mixed polyethylene oxide/polypropylene
oxide groups. Other oxides, such as butylene oxide or phenylene
oxide are also possible.
[0032] Other organomodified polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein are hydrocarbyl functional organopolysiloxanes comprising a
siloxy unit of the formula R.sup.5R'.sub.iSiO.sub.(3-i)/2 wherein
R' is any monovalent hydrocarbon group, but typically is an alkyl,
cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, or aryl group containing
1-20 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 is a hydrocarbyl group having the
formula --R.sup.6OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH, wherein R.sup.6 is a divalent
hydrocarbon group containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and i has a value
of from zero to 2. Such hydrocarbyl functional organopolysiloxanes
are further described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,823,218, U.S. Pat. No.
5,486,566, U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,044 and US 20020524. The hydrocarbyl
functional organopolysiloxanes may be exemplified by those
designated by CTFA as Bis-Hydroxyethoxypropyl Dimethicone.
[0033] Yet another organomodified polyorganosiloxane which may be
used herein may be siloxane-based polyamide. U.S. Pat. No.
6,051,216 discloses siloxane-based polyamides as gelling agents for
cosmetic products, methods for making such agents, and formulations
thereof. Such polyamides contain siloxane groups in the main chain
and act to thicken compositions containing volatile and/or
non-volatile polyorganosiloxane fluids. Variants of siloxane-based
polyamides such as polyorganosiloxane polyether-amide block
copolymers described in US 2008/004568, may also be used
herein.
[0034] Yet more organomodified polyorganosiloxanes which may be
used herein may be vinyl-type polymer having a carbosiloxane
dendrimer structure on their side molecular chain. These may be
used as neat polymer or as a solution or a dispersion in a liquid
such as a polyorganosiloxane oil, organic oil, alcohol, or water.
Such polymers which may be used herein are further described in EP
0963751, and are given the CTFA designation
Acrylates/Polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate Copolymer.
[0035] Other organomodified polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein may be alkylmethylsiloxane materials which may be present as
liquids or waxes. In liquid form they can be either cyclic having a
structure [MeR.sup.7SiO].sub.p[Me.sub.2SiO].sub.q or linear having
a structure
R.sup.8Me.sub.2SiO(MeR.sup.7SiO).sub.w(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.xSiR.sup.8Me.sub.-
2 wherein each R.sup.7 is independently a hydrocarbon of 6 to 30
carbon atoms, R.sup.8 is methyl or R.sup.7, p is 1-6, q is 0-5, w
is 0-5 and x is 0-5, provided p+q is 3-6 and q is not 0 if R.sup.8
is methyl. These liquids may be either volatile or non-volatile and
they can have a wide range of viscosities such as from 0.65 to
50,000 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C.
[0036] Alkylmethylsiloxane waxes have the structure
R.sup.8Me.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.y(MeR.sup.7SiO).sub.zSiMe.sub.2R.sup.-
8 wherein y is 0-100, z is 1-100, R.sup.7 is an alkyl group of 6-30
carbon atoms and R.sup.8 is methyl or R.sup.7. Typically the
alkylmethylsiloxane has the formula
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.y(MeR.sup.7SiO).sub.zSiMe.sub.3. These
alkylmethylsiloxane materials are known in the art and can be
produced by known methods.
[0037] Other organomodified polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein may be polyorganosiloxane quaternary ammonium compounds or
monoquaternary ammonium functional derivatives of alkanolamino
polydimethylsiloxanes, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
5,026,489. The derivatives are exemplified by
(R.sup.9.sub.3SiO).sub.2SiR.sup.9(CHR.sup.10).sub.cNR.sup.10.sub.dR.sup.1-
1.sub.3-d wherein R.sup.9 is an alkyl group, R.sup.10 is H, alkyl,
or aryl, R.sup.11 is (CHR.sup.10)OH, c is 1 to 10, and d is 1 to
3.
[0038] Other organomodified polyorganosiloxanes which may be used
herein may be saccharide-siloxane copolymer having a saccharide
component and an organosiloxane component and linked by a linking
group, such as described in WO 2006/127883, EP 1885331 and US
2008/0199417. The saccharide-siloxane copolymer has the following
formula:
R.sup.12.sub.eR.sup.13.sub.(3-e)SiO[(SiR.sup.12R.sup.13O).sub.m(SiR.sup.1-
2O).sub.n].sub.vSiR.sup.13.sub.(3-e)R.sup.12.sub.e
wherein each R.sup.13 may be the same or different and comprises
hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, an organic radical, or
R.sup.3--W, W comprises an epoxy, cycloepoxy, primary or secondary
amino, ethylenediamine, carboxy, halogen, vinyl, allyl, anhydride,
or mercapto functionality, m and n are integers from 0 to 10,000
and may be the same or different, each e is independently 0, 1, 2,
or 3, v is an integer such that the copolymer has a molecular
weight less than 1 million, R.sup.12 has the formula
--Z(G.sup.1).sub.f(G.sup.2).sub.g, and there is at least one
R.sup.12 per copolymer, wherein G.sup.1 is a saccharide component
comprising 5 to 12 carbons, f+g is 1 to 10, for g can be 0, G.sup.2
is a saccharide component comprising 5 to 12 carbons additionally
substituted with organic or organosilicon radicals, Z is the
linking group and is independently selected from the group
consisting of: R.sup.15NHC(O)R.sup.16--; R.sup.15NHC(O)OR.sup.16--;
R.sup.15NH--C(O)NHR.sup.16--; R.sup.15C(O)OR.sup.16--;
R.sup.15OR.sup.16--; R.sup.15CH(OH)CH.sub.2OR.sup.16--;
R.sup.15SR.sup.16--; R.sup.15CH(OH)CH.sub.2NHR.sup.16; and
R.sup.15N(R.sup.1)R.sup.16 where R.sup.15 and R.sup.16 are divalent
spacer groups comprising
(R.sup.17).sub.r(R.sup.18).sub.s(R.sup.19).sub.t, where at least
one of r, s and t must be 1, and R.sup.17 and R.sup.19 are either
C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl or ((C.sub.1-C.sub.12)O).sub.k where k is
any integer 1-50 and each (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)O may be the same or
different, R.sup.18 is --N(R.sup.20)--, where R.sup.20 is H or
C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, or is Z--X where Z is previously defined or
R.sup.15. X is a carboxylic acid, phosphate, sulfate, sulfonate or
quaternary ammonium radical, and at least one of R.sup.15 and
R.sup.16 must be present in the linking group and may be the same
or different, and wherein the saccharide-siloxane copolymer is a
reaction product of a functionalized organosiloxane polymer and at
least one hydroxy-functional saccharide such that the
organosiloxane component is covalently linked via the linking
group, Z, to the saccharide component.
[0039] The saccharide-siloxane copolymer which may be used herein
may be ionically-modified saccharide siloxane copolymers, such as
described in WO 2006/127924.
[0040] Organofunctional polyorganosiloxanes having at least one
substituent that is a sulfonate group are useful herein. The
sulfonate groups typically has the formula
--R.sup.21G(CO)PhSO.sub.3Y.sup.+ where R.sup.21 is a divalent
organic group bonded to the organopolysiloxane; Y is hydrogen, an
alkali metal, or a quaternary ammonium; G is an oxygen atom, NH, or
an NR.sup.22 group where R.sup.22 is a monovalent organic group
such as those having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alternatively 1 to 10
carbon atoms, and Ph is a phenyl cycle. The sulfonate group
substituent is bonded to the organopolysiloxane via a Si--C bond by
the R.sup.21 moiety.
[0041] R.sup.21 is typically a divalent hydrocarbon group
containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene,
butylene, pentylene, or hexylene group. Alternatively, R.sup.21 is
a propylene group, --CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2-- or an isobutylene
group, --CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2--.
[0042] G in the general formula for the sulfonate substituent group
above is an oxygen atom, NH, or an NR.sup.22 group where R.sup.22
is a monovalent organic group. Typically, G is NH. R.sup.22 may be
exemplified by, but not limited to alkyl groups such as methyl,
ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, undecyl, and
octadecyl; cycloalkyl such as cyclohexyl; aryl such as phenyl,
tolyl, xylyl, benzyl, and 2-phenylethyl; amine functional organic
groups such as aminopropyl and aminoethylaminoisobutyl; a
polyalkylene oxide (polyether) such as polyoxyethylene,
polyoxypropylene, polyoxybutylene, or mixtures thereof, and
halogenated hydrocarbon groups such as 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl,
3-chloropropyl, and dichlorophenyl.
[0043] The non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxanes useful herein
include non-volatile polyorganosiloxanes chosen from the family of
polyalkylsiloxanes containing trimethylsilyl end groups,
polyalkylsiloxanes containing dimethylsilanol end groups, such as
dimethiconol, polysiloxanes containing amine groups, such as
amodimethicones or trimethylsilylamodimethicones, polysiloxanes
containing polyethylenoxy and/or polypropylenoxy groups,
hydrocarbyl functional organopolysiloxane and mixtures of two or
more of these. Also useful are emulsions of any of these and in
situ polymerized emulsions.
[0044] The polyorganosiloxane is typically liquefied before adding
to the solid particulate composition. For example, the
polyorganosiloxanes may be in the form of a fluid or an emulsion or
a suspension when it is mixed with the solid particulate
composition. Where an emulsion or suspension is used, the water
present in the emulsion or suspension forms some or all of the
water required to solubilize the other ingredients present in the
liquid composition. Suitable polydiorganosiloxane emulsions are
described for example in EP 432951, EP 798332, EP 0874017, U.S.
Pat. No. 6,013,682, EP 1263840 and EP 1054032.
[0045] A binder may also be added to improve the stability of the
granules. Examples of binders are polycarboxylates, for example
polyacrylic acid or a partial sodium salt thereof or a copolymer of
acrylic acid, for example a copolymer with maleic anhydride,
polyoxyalkylene polymers such as polyethylene glycol, which may be
applied molten or as an aqueous solution, reaction products of
tallow alcohol and ethylene oxide, or cellulose ethers,
particularly water-soluble or water-swellable cellulose ethers such
as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, or sugar syrup binders such as
Polysorb 70/12/12 or LYCASIN 80/55 HDS maltitol syrup or Roclys
C1967 S maltodextrin solution.
[0046] Polycarboxylate binders are water soluble polymers,
copolymers or salts thereof. They have at least 60% by weight of
segments with the general formula:
##STR00001##
wherein A, Q and Z are each selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen, methyl, carboxy, carboxymethyl, hydroxy and
hydroxymethyl, M is hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or substituted
ammonium and v is from 30 to 400. Typically A is hydrogen or
hydroxy, Q is hydrogen or carboxy and Z is hydrogen. Suitable
polymeric polycarboxylates include polymerised products of
unsaturated monomeric acids, e.g. acrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic
anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, aconitic acid, mesaconic
acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid. The
copolymerisation with lesser amounts of monomeric materials
comprising no carboxylic acid, e.g. vinylmethyl, vinylmethylethers,
styrene and ethylene is not detrimental to the use of the
polycarboxylates of the present invention. Depending on the type of
polycarboxylate this level can be kept low, or levels can be up to
40% by weight of the total polymer or copolymer.
[0047] The polycarboxylates binders are polyacrylates having an
average viscosity at 25.degree. C. in mPas from 50 to 10,000,
alternatively 2,000 to 8,000 and a molecular weight of 1,000 to
500,000, alternatively 3,000 to 100,000, alternatively 15,000 to
80,000. Examples of polycarboxylate binders are acrylate/maleate or
acrylate/fumarate copolymers or their sodium salts having a ratio
of acrylate to maleate or fumarate segments from 30:1 to 2:1.
[0048] The binder may be mixed with the liquid composition before
being deposited on the carrier, or alternatively is deposited on
the carrier particles either at the same time or subsequently to
the liquid carrier, or at both times. In any case, the binder
should be liquid, being solubilised or molten. The binder may be
used at 0.1 to 10% by weight of the granulated dry composition.
[0049] The granulated dry compositions may contain other
ingredients or additive substances such as perfumes, fragrances,
colorants such as dyes, essential oils, deposition agents such as
polyquaternary compounds to improve the deposition of additive
substances from the dry cleanser onto hair or skin, buffering
agents, stabilizers, proteins, preservatives, anti-dandruff agent,
disinfectants, glycols, polyols such as glycerine and propylene
glycol, vitamins and/or their derivatives, styling agents,
sunscreen agents, humectants, oil components, emollients, esters,
ceramides, soothing ingredients, antiperspirants, malodor
sequestrants, surfactants, amino-acid derivatives, antioxidants,
botanicals, antimicrobial agents and silicone elastomers. Such
ingredients may be mixed into the liquid composition before
granulation or mixed with the solid particulate carrier composition
before granulation or they can be mixed to the granulated dry
composition.
[0050] Antidandruff agents useful herein include compounds such as
pyridinethione salts, selenium compounds such as selenium
disulfide, and soluble antidandruff agents.
[0051] Hair dyeing agents useful herein include oxidation hair
dyeing agents, no-oxidation dyeing agents and semi-permanent dyeing
agents. Oxidation dye agents penetrate into hair, and chemically
impart a colour to the hair by means of colour formation resulting
from oxidative polymerisation under the action of an oxidation
agent. Non-oxidation dyeing agents are used for semi-permanent or
non-permanent hair dyeing. Semi-permanent or non-oxidation dyeing
agents are sometimes also referred to as direct dyes.
Semi-permanent dyeing will usually colour human hair for up to six
subsequent shampoo washes, although a high proportion of colour is
often lost after 2 or 3 washes. Semi-permanent hair dyeing
compositions are usually provided as single-component products, and
may contain a variety of additives in addition to a direct dye.
[0052] Conditioners useful herein are typically in the form of
organic cationic conditioning agents for the purpose of providing
more hair grooming. Such cationic conditioning agents may include
quaternary nitrogen derivatives of cellulose ethers; homopolymers
of dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride; copolymers of acrylamide and
dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride; homopolymers or copolymers
derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid which contain
cationic nitrogen functional groups attached to the polymer by
ester or amide linkages; polycondensation products of
N,N'-bis-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-piperazine or piperazine-bis-acrylamide
and piperazine; and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and acrylic acid
esters with quaternary nitrogen functionality. Specific materials
include the various polyquats Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium-8,
Polyquatemium-10, Polyquaternium-11, and Polyquaternium-23. The
above cationic organic polymers and others are described in more
details in U.S. Pat. No. 4,240,450 which is hereby incorporated by
reference to further describe the cationic organic polymers. Other
categories of conditioners such as cationic surfactants such as
cetyl trimethylammonium chloride, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide,
and stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, may also be employed in the
compositions as a cationic conditioning agent.
[0053] A cationic deposition aid may also be used. The cationic
deposition aid may be a polymer or be formed from two or more types
of monomers. The molecular weight of the polymer will generally be
5,000 and 10,000,000, typically at least 10,000 alternatively
100,000 to 2,000,000. The polymers will have cationic nitrogen
containing groups such as quaternary ammonium or protonated amino
groups, or a mixture thereof. The cationic charge density has been
found to need to be at least 0.1 meq/g, alternatively above 0.8 or
higher. The cationic charge density should not exceed 4 meq/g,
alternatively it is less than 3, alternatively less than 2 meq/g.
The charge density may be measured using the Kjeldahl method and
should be within the above limits at the desired pH of use, which
will in general be from 3 to 9 and alternatively from 4 to 8. The
cationic nitrogen-containing group will generally be present as a
substituent on a fraction of the total monomer units of the
cationic deposition polymer. Thus when the deposition aid is not a
polymer it may contain spacer noncationic monomer units. Suitable
cationic deposition aids include, for example: copolymers of
1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g.,
Chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic,
Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, "CTFA". as Polyquaternium-16)
such as those commercially available from BASF Wyandotte Corp.
(Parsippany, N.J., USA) under the LUVIQUAT tradename (e.g.,
LUVIQUAT FC 370); copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine and
dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to in the industry by
CTFA as Polyquaternium-11) such as those commercially from Gar
Corporation (Wayne, N.J., USA) under the GAFQUAT tradename (e.g.,
GAFQUAT 755N); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing
polymer including, for example, dimethyldiallyammonium chloride
homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethydiallyammonium
chloride, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium-6
and Polyquaternium-7, respectively; mineral acid salts of
aminoalkyl esters of homo- and co-polymers of unsaturated
carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, as described in
U.S. Pat. No. 4,009,256; and cationic polyacrylamides as described
in WO 95/22311. Other cationic deposition aids that may be used
include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose
derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Cationic
polysaccharide polymer materials suitable for use in compositions
of the invention include those of the formula:
A-O(R--N.sup.+R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3X.sup.-) wherein: A is an
anhydroglucose residual group, such as starch or cellulose
anhydroglucose residual, R is an alkylene oxyalkylene,
polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof,
R1, R2 and R3 independently are alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl,
alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to 18
carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms for each
cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon atoms in R1, R2 and R3)
alternatively being 20 or less, and X is an anionic counterion, as
previously described. Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol
Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) in their Polymer iR (trade mark) and LR
(trade mark) series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in
the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10. Another type of cationic
cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of
hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl
ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as
Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol
Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200. Other
cationic deposition aids that can be used include cationic guar gum
derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride
(Commercially available from Celanese Corp. in their Jaguar
trademark series). Other materials include quaternary
nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers (e.g., as described in U.S.
Pat. No. 3,962,418, incorporated herein by reference), and
copolymers of etherified cellulose and starch (e.g., as described
in U.S. Pat. No. 3,958,581, incorporated herein by reference). The
cationic deposition aid may be put in the liquid composition or
added in solid form to the particulate carrier composition.
[0054] The granulated dry composition may contain proteins, like
those extracted from wheat, soy, rice, corn, keratin, elastin or
silk. Most are in the hydrolyzed form and they may also be
quaternised to provide better performance.
[0055] Another additive that may be included in the granulated dry
composition is a perfume or fragrance. The perfume may be a
fragrant odoriferous substance or a mixture of fragrant odoriferous
substances including natural substances obtained by extraction of
flowers, herbs, leaves, roots, barks, wood, blossoms or plants;
artificial substances including mixtures of different natural oils
or oil constituents; and synthetically produced substances. Some
examples of perfume ingredients that are useful include hexyl
cinnamic aldehyde; amyl cinnamic aldehyde; amyl salicylate; hexyl
salicylate; terpineol; 3,7-dimethyl-cis-2,6-octadien-1-ol;
2,6-dimethyl-2-octanol; 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol;
3,7-dimethyl-3-octanol; 3,7-dimethyl-trans-2,6-octadien-1-ol;
3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol; 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol;
2-methyl-3-(para-tert-butylphenyl)-propionaldehyde;
4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde;
tricyclodecenyl propionate; tricyclodecenyl acetate; anisaldehyde;
2-methyl-2-(para-iso-propylphenyl)-propionaldehyde;
ethyl-3-methyl-3-phenyl glycidate;
4-(para-hydroxyphenyl)-butan-2-one;
1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one;
para-methoxyacetophenone; para-methoxy-alpha-phenylpropene;
methyl-2-n-hexyl-3-oxo-cyclopentane carboxylate; and undecalactone
gamma.
[0056] Additional examples of perfume ingredients include orange
oil; lemon oil; grapefruit oil; bergamot oil; clove oil;
dodecalactone gamma; methyl-2-(2-pentyl-3-oxo-cyclopentyl) acetate;
beta-naphthol methylether; methyl-beta-naphthylketone; coumarin;
decylaldehyde; benzaldehyde; 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate; alpha,
alpha-dimethylphenethyl acetate; methylphenylcarbinyl acetate;
Schiff's base of
4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde and
methyl anthranilate; cyclic ethyleneglycol diester of tridecandioic
acid; 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1-nitrile; ionone gamma methyl;
ionone alpha; ionone beta; petitgrain; methyl cedrylone;
7-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,1,6,7-tetramethyl-naphthalene;
ionone methyl; methyl-1,6,10-trimethyl-2,5,9-cyclododecatrien-1-yl
ketone; 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl tetralin;
4-acetyl-6-tert-butyl-1,1-dimethyl indane; benzophenone;
6-acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,5-hexamethyl indane;
5-acetyl-3-isopropyl-1,1,2,6-tetramethyl indane; 1-dodecanal;
7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl octanal; 10-undecen-1-al; iso-hexenyl
cyclohexyl carboxaldehyde; formyl tricyclodecan;
cyclopentadecanolide; 16-hydroxy-9-hexadecenoic acid lactone;
1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran-
e; ambroxane; dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho-2,1bfuran;
cedrol; 5-(2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-enyl)-3-methylpentan-2-ol;
2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol;
caryophyllene alcohol; cedryl acetate; para-tert-butylcyclohexyl
acetate; patchouli; olibanum resinoid; labdanum; vetivert; copaiba
balsam; fir balsam; and condensation products of:
hydroxycitronellal and methyl anthranilate; hydroxycitronellal and
indol; phenyl acetaldehyde and indol; 4-(4-hydroxy-4-methyl
pentyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, and methyl
anthranilate.
[0057] More examples of perfume ingredients are geraniol; geranyl
acetate; linalool; linalyl acetate; tetrahydrolinalool;
citronellol; citronellyl acetate; dihydromyrcenol; dihydromyrcenyl
acetate; tetrahydromyrcenol; terpinyl acetate; nopol; nopyl
acetate; 2-phenylethanol; 2-phenylethyl acetate; benzyl alcohol;
benzyl acetate; benzyl salicylate; benzyl benzoate; styrallyl
acetate; dimethylbenzylcarbinol; trichloromethylphenylcarbinyl
methylphenylcarbinyl acetate; isononyl acetate; vetiveryl acetate;
vetiverol; 2-methyl-3-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-propanal;
2-methyl-3-(p-isopropylphenyl)-propanal;
3-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-propanal;
4-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-3-cyclohexenecarbaldehyde;
4-acetoxy-3-pentyl tetrahydropyran; methyl dihydrojasmonate;
2-n-heptylcyclopentanone; 3-methyl-2-pentyl-cyclopentanone;
n-decanal; n-dodecanal; 9-decenol-1; phenoxyethyl isobutyrate;
phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal; phenyl acetaldehyde di ethyl
acetal; geranonitrile; citronellonitrile; cedryl acetal;
3-isocamphylcyclohexanol; cedryl methylether; isolongifolanone;
aubepine nitrile; aubepine; heliotropine; eugenol; vanillin;
diphenyl oxide; hydroxycitronellal ionones; methyl ionones;
isomethyl ionomes; irones; cis-3-hexenol and esters thereof; indane
musk fragrances; tetralin musk fragrances; isochroman musk
fragrances; macrocyclic ketones; macrolactone musk fragrances; and
ethylene brassylate.
[0058] Pediculicides, for control of lice infestations may be
present in the granulated dry composition. Suitable pediculicides
are well known in the art and include, for example, pyrethrins such
as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,668,666.
[0059] A pH adjusting agent may be used to adjust pH of the
granulated dry composition, within the range of 4 to 9
alternatively within the range of 5 to 7. Any water soluble acid
such as a carboxylic acid or a mineral acid is suitable. Suitable
acids include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric
acid, and phosphoric acid, monocarboxylic acid such as acetic acid
and lactic acid, and polycarboxylic acids such as succinic acid,
adipic acid, and citric acid.
[0060] Typical pigments are iron oxides and titanium dioxide which
may be present in either the dry granulated composition in the
amount of 0.1 to 30 wt. %, alternatively 0.5 to 20 wt. %
alternatively 0.8 to 10 wt. %.
[0061] It may be desirable to add various preservatives such as the
parabens, BHT, BHA, etc or any usual preservative.
[0062] Sunscreen materials include those materials which absorb
ultraviolet light from 290-320 nanometers (the UV-B region) such
as, para-aminobenzoic acid derivatives and cinnamates such as octyl
methoxycinnamate and those which absorb ultraviolet light in the
range of 320-400 nanometers (the UV-A region) such as benzophenones
and butyl methoxy dibenzoylmethane. Some additional examples of
sunscreen materials which may be used herein are 2-ethoxyethyl
p-methoxycinnamate; menthyl anthranilate; homomenthyl salicylate;
glyceryl p-aminobenzoate; isobutyl p-aminobenzoate; isoamyl
p-dimethylaminobenzoate; 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenones sulfonic
acid; 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone; 4-mono and
4-bis(3-hydroxy-propyl)amino isomers of ethyl benzoate; and
2-ethylhexyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate
[0063] Vitamins are a class of organic compounds that must be
ingested part of the diet for humans (and other organisms) in order
to maintain health and well being. Some vitamins also have
beneficial effects when applied topically and for this reason are
popular ingredients in various personal care formulations, where it
is desired that the vitamin should be released after the
formulation has been applied to the skin or hair.
[0064] Vitamins comprise a variety of different organic compounds
such as alcohols, acids, sterols, and quinones. They may be
classified into two solubility groups: lipid-soluble vitamins and
water-soluble vitamins. Lipid-soluble vitamins that have utility in
personal care formulations include retinol (vitamin A),
ergocalciferol (vitamin D.sub.2), cholecalciferol (vitamin
D.sub.3), phytonadione (vitamin K.sub.1), and tocopherol (vitamin
E). Water-soluble vitamins that have utility in personal care
formulations include ascorbic acid (vitamin C), thiamin (vitamin
B.sub.1) niacin (nicotinic acid), niacinamide (vitamin B.sub.3),
riboflavin (vitamin B.sub.2), pantothenic acid (vitamin B.sub.5),
biotin, folic acid, pyridoxine (vitamin B.sub.6), and
cyanocobalamin (vitamin B.sub.12).
[0065] Many of the vitamins that are used in personal care
compositions are inherently unstable and therefore present
difficulties in the preparation of shelf-stable personal care
compositions. The instability of the vitamins is usually related to
their susceptibility to oxidation. For this reason, vitamins are
often converted into various derivatives that are more stable in
personal care formulations. These vitamin derivatives offer other
advantages in addition to improved stability. Vitamin derivatives
may be more amenable to certain kinds of personal care
formulations. For example a lipid-soluble vitamin may be
derivatised to produce a water-soluble material that is easier to
incorporate into a water-based formulation. Retinol and tocopherol
are two lipid-soluble vitamins that are particularly useful in skin
care compositions and consequently there are many different
derivatives of these two vitamins that are used in personal care
compositions. Derivatives of retinol include retinyl palmitate
(vitamin A palmitate), retinyl acetate (vitamin A acetate), retinyl
linoleate (vitamin A linoleate), and retinyl propionate (vitamin A
propionate). Derivatives of tocopherol include tocopheryl acetate
(vitamin E acetate), tocopheryl linoleate (vitamin E linoleate),
tocopheryl succinate (vitamin E succinate), tocophereth-5,
tocophereth-10, tocophereth-12, tocophereth-18, tocophereth-50
(ethoxylated vitamin E derivatives), PPG-2 tocophereth-5, PPG-5
tocophereth-2, PPG-10 tocophereth-30, PPG-20 tocophereth-50, PPG-30
tocophereth-70, PPG-70 tocophereth-100 (propoxylated and
ethoxylated vitamin E derivatives), and sodium tocopheryl
phosphate. Derivatives of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) such as
ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbyl glucoside,
ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, and tetrahexadecyl ascorbate may also
be used, as may vitamin derivatives incorporating two different
vitamins in the same compound, for example ascorbyl tocopheryl
maleate, potassium ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate or tocopheryl
nicotinate.
[0066] Provitamins may also be used, such as panthenol.
[0067] The dry granulated composition may contain one or more
water-soluble emollients such as lower molecular weight aliphatic
diols such as propylene glycol and butylene glycol; polyols such as
glycerine and sorbitol; and polyoxyethylene polymers such as
polyethylene glycol 200. The specific type and amount of water
soluble emollient(s) employed will vary depending on the desired
aesthetic characteristics of the composition, and is readily
determined by one skilled in the art.
[0068] Organic butters, such as mango, cocoa, shea butters, may be
used in the dry granulated composition. Typically these butters are
added to the liquid composition and may undergo a heating step to
be molten either before addition to the liquid composition, or the
liquid composition may be heated to allow for the melting of the
butters.
[0069] Polyorganosiloxane elastomers may also be used herein. The
polyorganosiloxane elastomer may be in combination with a
polyorganosiloxane oil be dispersed in low polarity organic
solvents such as isododecane. The polyorganosiloxane elastomers may
have an alkyl, polyether, amine or other organofunctional group
grafted onto the polyorganosiloxane elastomer backbone. Suitable
polyorganosiloxanes elastomers are taught in U.S. Pat. No.
5,811,487, U.S. Pat. No. 5,880,210, U.S. Pat. No. 6,200,581, U.S.
Pat. No. 5,236,986, U.S. Pat. No. 6,331,604, U.S. Pat. No.
6,262,170, U.S. Pat. No. 6,531,540 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,365,670.
[0070] Typical additional ingredients which may be included for
specific care of the keratinous substrates include but are not
limited to soothing ingredients, for example aloe vera; refreshing
ingredients, for example menthyl lactate; and fragrance.
[0071] To produce the granulated dry compositions, the liquid
composition is contacted with the solid particulate carrier
composition in a mixer in which droplets of the liquid composition
become agglomerated with carrier particles. Contact may for example
be in a granulating mixer, an extruder, a compactor or in a high
shear or low shear mixer. Typically the liquid composition is
contacted with the solid particulate carrier composition in a
granulating mixer in which the agglomerated product is kept in
particulate form. The granulating mixer is generally a high shear
mixer such as an Eirich.TM. pan granulator, a Schugi.TM. mixer, a
Paxeson-Kelly.TM. twin core blender, a Lodige ploughshare mixer, an
Aeromatic.TM. fluidized bed granulator or a Pharma.TM. drum mixer
or a Glatt.RTM. fluid bed system. In most granulating mixers, the
liquid composition is sprayed onto the solid particulate carrier
composition while the solid particulate carrier composition carrier
is being agitated or fluidized. The liquid composition may
alternatively be poured into the mixer instead of spraying.
[0072] The dry granulated composition is generally collected from
the mixer and packaged. The product from a vertical continuous
granulating mixer may be fed to a fluidised bed which cools and/or
dries the granules and fluidises them for transport to a packing
station. The distribution of granules at the outlet of the
granulating mixer may include fines and oversize material. The
fines can for example be recovered in a filter coupled with the
fluidized bed cooler and/or in a classification unit and recycled
with fresh particles feeding the mixer. Oversize material may be
collected, crushed down and mixed with the granulated product in a
fluidized bed.
[0073] If the liquid composition and the solid particulate carrier
composition are combined in an apparatus which does not maintain
the mixture as separate granules, for example an extruder or a
compactor, the mixture may be converted into granules by flaking,
by comminuting an extruded strand or by spheronization after
extrusion.
[0074] One form of granulating mixer is a vertical continuous
granulating mixer comprising blades rotating within a tubular
housing and having an inlet for solid particulate carrier
composition and a spray inlet for the liquid composition to contact
the solid particulate carrier composition above the blades. The
blades are mounted on a substantially vertical shaft aligned with
the housing and rotating within the housing. The blades have a
predetermined clearance from the inner wall of the housing. Contact
with the liquid agglomerates the particles into granules; the
liquid acts as a binder by absorbing the kinetic energy of
colliding particles. The blades maintain the solid particles and
granules in motion and prevent agglomeration into granules which
are too large. Examples of such vertical continuous granulating
mixers are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,767,217, EP 744215 and WO
03/059520. Vertical continuous granulating mixer technology has the
advantage that the residence time in the mixing chamber is very
short, for example 1 second, giving the possibility of high
throughput.
[0075] The ratio of the weight of liquid composition to the weight
of solid particulate carrier composition used to produce the
granulated dry composition can be varied within wide limits.
Generally this ratio is at least 1:99 and may be up to 80:20 or
even higher provided that the granules produced are stable and do
not agglomerate further under the forces to which they are
subjected while being transported. Alternatively, the ratio of the
weight of liquid composition fed to the mixer to the weight of
solid particulate carrier composition fed to the mixer is in the
range 5:95 to 80:20.
[0076] Accordingly, the weight ratio of non-elastomeric
polyorganosiloxane to solid particulate carrier in the dry
granulated composition produced after drying is in the range 2:98
to 80:20, alternatively 4:96 to 40:60 alternatively 15:85 to 75:25.
The mean particle diameter of the granules are typically 0.01 to 2
mm, alternatively 0.02 to 1.5 mm. Typically the dry granulated
composition comprises at least 80 wt %, alternatively 90 wt %,
alternatively 95 wt % of the solid particulate carrier and the
non-elastomeric polyorganosiloxane.
[0077] In order to ensure adequate coverage of the solid
particulate carrier composition with most ingredients of the liquid
composition, the solid particulate carrier composition is typically
treated in conditions minimizing the risk of volatilization of the
components. This may be done by choosing ingredients of low
volatility such as non volatile polyorganosiloxanes, or by working
at low temperature.
[0078] The granulated dry compositions can be used as a dry
cleanser for keratinous substrates such as hair or skin. The
granulated dry composition may be deposited on hair by sprinkling
or spraying or with an applicator, such as a brush or a sponge. It
may further be left to stand on hair and absorb sebum and deposit
the additive substance (when needed). It is further removed from
hair by brushing or air blowing. Hair may then be set as usual.
[0079] The granulated dry cleanser composition may be deposited on
the skin by sprinkling or spraying or with an applicator, such as a
brush or a sponge. It may further be spread and rubbed onto skin to
release the care agents. It may be further removed from the skin by
air blowing, swiping or any other convenient way.
[0080] For easier application on keratinous substrate, the dry
granulated composition may be suspended in a propellant and applied
through an aerosol. The choice of propellant material is not
critical and any nontoxic substance which develops the requisite
pressure may be used to perform the essentially mechanical function
of driving the volatile liquid and the dry granulated composition
out of the aerosol container. All propellants which are commonly
used in aerosol cans are suitable for use in this application. Many
organic substances or mixtures thereof, may serve as propellant.
Liquids with boiling points ranging from -30.degree. to 82.degree.
C. may be used as the volatile liquid in conjunction with the
granulated dry composition. Compounds with suitable properties
include esters, such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate, ketones,
such as methyl ethyl ketone and acetone, hydrocarbons, such as the
straight chained alkanes, butanes, pentane and hexane, cyclic
hydrocarbons, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, and
cyclohexane, branched chain hydrocarbons, such as 2,2-dimethyl
propane, methyl pentanes, dimethyl pentanes and dimethyl butanes,
alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol and iso-propyl alcohol, ethers,
such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl
ethers of ethyl, isopropyl, propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl and isobutyl
alcohols, ethyl ethers of n-propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, t-butyl
and 2-butyl alcohols. Compressed gas may be used, such as nitrogen,
carbone dioxide, air.
[0081] The application of the granulated dry compositions generally
provides conditioning benefits of the keratinous substrate, e.g.
skin and hair. Benefits obtained from using the granulated dry
compositions on hair according to the invention include typically
sebum absorption, hair conditioning, volume, softness, detangling
ease, shine/luster, color protection/retention, styling,
strengthening, deposition of an additive substance. Benefits
obtained from using the granulated dry compositions on skin include
body fluids absorption, moisture management, deposition of an
additive substance, skin softness, suppleness, moisturization,
emolliency.
[0082] Furthermore, the powder form provides convenience (ease of
transport), new product format and a preservative is not
mandatory.
EXAMPLES
[0083] The following examples are included to demonstrate
embodiments of the invention. It should be appreciated by those of
skill in the art that the techniques disclosed in the examples
which follow represent techniques discovered by the inventor to
function well in the practice of the invention, However, those of
skill in the art should, in light of the present disclosure,
appreciate that many changes can be made in the specific
embodiments which are disclosed and still obtain a like or similar
result without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. All percentages are in wt. % unless otherwise
indicated.
Granulation Process Used to Generate Examples
[0084] A liquid solution containing polyorganosiloxane and
optionally other additives was poured very slowly into a high shear
mixer in which the solid particulate carrier is placed. The mixture
was stirred continuously until a particulate material is obtained.
The particulate material was then passed over an Aeromatic fluid
bed for 10 minutes at 50.degree. C. The dry compositions are
described in the tables below.
Evaluations Carried Out on Powders
[0085] Olive oil was used as "artificial" sebum. Olive oil contains
a high amount of triglycerides and fatty acids, which are the main
components of natural sebum. To measure the speed of sebum
absorption: 0.5 grams of dry granulated composition was spread at
the surface of 3 grams of olive oil. The time needed to totally wet
the powder was measured. Results are indicated in seconds.
[0086] Granulated dry composition sensory feel: panelists were
asked to touch the powders with their fingers and rated them vs. a
commercially available dry cleanser product (rated at a baseline of
0) or when specified, the solid particulate carrier. A softer
sensory feel vs. the reference was reported as "+". On the
contrary, if the granulated dry composition was less soft, it was
reported as "-".
Comparative Example 1
[0087] Commercially available "Gentle Dry Shampoo" product from
Laboratoires Klorane was used as a reference. It is composed of
oryza sativa rice starch, aluminium starch octenylsuccinate,
hectorite, avena sativa oat kernel flour, kaolin, silica,
cyclodextrin and fragrance (perfume). Results are given in Table
1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 (dry composition) Absorption time Sensory
feel 220 s 0
Comparative Example 2
[0088] Commercial native corn starch was used as received. Results
are given in Table 2.
Comparative Example 3
[0089] Commercial native corn starch was dry blended with
Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone Crosspolymer, polyorganosiloxane (Dow
Corning.RTM. 9506 Powder) with an average particle size of 3 .mu.m.
Results are given in Table 2.
Example 1
[0090] An aqueous non ionic suspension of 60%
Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone Crosspolymer (Dow Corning.RTM. 9509
Silicone Elastomer Suspension) was granulated on native corn starch
following the granulation process described above.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 (dry compositions) Comparative Comparative
Ingredients example 2 example 3 Example 1 Corn starch 100% 78.9%
78.9% Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone 21.1% Crosspolymer powder
Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone 21.1% Crosspolymer suspension
Absorption time 656 s 400 s 129 s Sensory feel - + ++
Comparative Example 4
[0091] Commercial calcium silicate, Calflo E from World Minerals,
was used as received. Results are given in Table 3.
Comparative Example 5
[0092] Commercial calcium silicate was dry blended with the
Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone Crosspolymer powder of Comparative
Example 3. Results are given in Table 3.
Example 2
[0093] The aqueous Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone Crosspolymer
suspension of Example 1 was granulated on calcium silicate.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 (dry compositions) Comparative Comparative
Ingredients example 4 example 5 Example 2 Calcium silicate 100%
49.1% 49.1% Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone 50.9% Crosspolymer powder
Dimethicone/Vinyldimethicone 50.9% Crosspolymer suspension
Absorption time 1140 s 859 s 635 s Sensory feel 0 ++ +
Examples 3 and 4
[0094] An aqueous non ionic microemulsion of 20% Amodimethicone
(3500 mm.sup.2/s) (Dow Corning.RTM. CE-8170 AF Microemulsion) was
granulated on calcium silicate. Results are given in Table 4.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 (dry compositions) Comparative Ingredients
example 4 Example 3 Example 4 Calcium silicate 100% 63.3% 57.7%
Amodimethicone microemulsion 36.7% 42.3% Absorption time 1140 s 476
s 353 s Sensory feel 0 + ++
Comparative Example 6
[0095] The Amodimethicone fluid of 3500 mm.sup.2/s used in the
emulsion of Example 3 was mixed directly with olive oil and was
found not miscible, demonstrating the absence of absorbency
properties of the Amodimethicone fluid.
Example 5
[0096] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone of Example 3 was
granulated on calcium silicate.
Examples 6 and 7
[0097] An aqueous non ionic emulsion of 60%
Divinyldimethicone/Dimethicone Copolymer (>120,000,000
mm.sup.2/s) (Dow Corning.RTM. HMW 2220 Non-Ionic Emulsion) was
granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 8
[0098] Lauryl PEG/PPG-18/18 Methicone (Dow Corning.RTM. 5200
Formulation Aid) having a viscosity in the range of 1000-4500
mm.sup.2/s, was granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 9
[0099] Cetyl Dimethicone (Dow Corning.RTM. 2502 Cosmetic Fluid),
having a viscosity of 45 mm.sup.2/s, was granulated on calcium
silicate.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 (dry compositions) Polyorgan- Calcium
Polyorgano- osiloxane Absorption silicate siloxane concentration
time Comparative 100% 1140 s example 4 Example 5 32.5%
Amodimethicone 67.5% 97 s microemulsion Example 6 46.1% Divinyl-
53.9% 414 s dimethicone/ Dimethicone Copolymer emulsion Example 7
.sup. 25% Divinyl- .sup. 75% 62 s dimethicone/ Dimethicone
Copolymer emulsion Example 8 23.2% Lauryl PEG/ 76.8% 68 s PPG-18/18
Methicone Example 9 24.3% Cetyl 75.7% 102 s Dimethicone
Example 10
[0100] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Vegetol The Vert LC 412 hydro (Propylene Glycol
(and) Water (and) Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract by Gattefosse) and
then granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 11
[0101] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Silkerine HL (Sericin by Vama Pharma) and then
granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 12
[0102] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Aloe vera aqueous extract (Blanova Specialties)
and then granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 13
[0103] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Vegetol Aloes GR 198 hydro (Propylene Glycol
(and) Water (and) Aloe Ferox Leaf Extract by Gattefosse) and then
granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 14
[0104] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Circulatoire 318 HS (Propylene glycol, Cupressus
sempervirens cone extract, Hamamelis virginiana leaf extract,
Ruscus aculeatus root extract, Vitis vinifera leaf extract by Alban
Muller) and then granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 15
[0105] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Argane oil and then granulated on calcium
silicate.
Example 16
[0106] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Menthyl lactate from Givaudan and then
granulated on calcium silicate.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 (dry compositions) Calcium Amodimethicone
Additive Absorption silicate microemulsion Additive concentration
time Comparative 100% 1140 s example 4 Example 10 57.2% 40.6%
Vegetol The Vert LC 2.2% 455 s 412 hydro Example 11 .sup. 55% 40.7%
Silkerine HL 4.3% 817 s Example 12 56.8% .sup. 41% Aloe vera
aqueous 2.2% 608 s extract Example 13 56.8% 41.% Vegetol Aloes GR
198 2.2% 284 s hydro Example 14 56.5% 41.3% Circulatoire 318 HS
2.2% 637 s Example 15 .sup. 57% 40.9% Argane oil 2.1% 385 s Example
16 56.5% 41.3% Menthyl lactate 2.2% 1005 s
Example 17
[0107] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone used in Example
3 was blended with Phenyltrimethicone, having a viscosity of 22.5
mm.sup.2/s, known as shine agent, and granulated on calcium
silicate.
Example 18
[0108] Phenyltrimethicone (Dow Corning.RTM. 556 Cosmetic Grade
Fluid) was granulated on calcium silicate.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 (dry compositions) Comparative Ingredients
example 4 Example 17 Example 18 Calcium silicate 100% 56.4% 23.3%
Amodimethicone .sup. 41% microemulsion Phenyltrimethicone 2.6%
76.7% Absorption time 1140 s 972 s 73 s
Example 19
[0109] An aqueous emulsion containing 72% of a 50/50 blend of
Dimethicone 100 mm.sup.2/s and Mango butter (Dow Corning.RTM.
7-3123 Mango Blend Emulsion) was granulated on calcium
silicate.
Example 20
[0110] An aqueous emulsion containing 72% of a 50/50 blend of
Dimethicone 100 mm.sup.2/s and Shea butter ((Dow Corning.RTM.
7-3121 Shea Blend Emulsion) was granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 21
[0111] Sunflower oil was granulated on calcium silicate.
Example 22
[0112] An aqueous emulsion containing 50% of a 50/50 blend of
Amodimethicone (3500 mm.sup.2/s) (Dow Corning.RTM. 2-8566 Amino
Fluid) and sunflower oil was granulated on calcium silicate.
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 (dry compositions) Polyorgano- Polyorgano-
siloxane/ siloxane/ Calcium additive additive Absorption silicate
emulsion concentration time Comparative 100% 1140 s example 4
Example 19 22.6% Dimethicone/ 77.4% 15 s Mango Example 20 22.6%
Dimethicone/ 77.4% 30 s Shea Example 21 79.2% Sunflower 20.8% 1259
s oil Example 22 35.3% Amodimethicone/ 64.7% 30 s Sunflower oil
Example 23
[0113] The aqueous emulsion of the blend Dimethicone/Mango butter
as used in Example 19 was granulated on native corn starch.
Example 24
[0114] The aqueous emulsion of the blend Dimethicone/Shea butter as
used in Example 20 was granulated on native corn starch.
Example 25
[0115] The aqueous emulsion of the blend Amodimethicone/Sunflower
oil as used in Example 22 was granulated on native corn starch.
TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 (dry compositions) Polyorgano- Polyorgano-
siloxane/ siloxane/ Corn additive additive Absorption starch
emulsion concentration time Comparative 100% 656 s example 2
Example 23 81.3% Dimethicone/ 18.7% 57 s Mango Example 24 79.1%
Dimethicone/ 20.9% 78 s Shea Example 25 80.3% Amodimethicone/ 19.7%
32 s Sunflower oil
Comparative Example 7
[0116] Rice starch was used as received.
Example 26
[0117] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone as used in
Example 3 was granulated on rice starch.
Example 27
[0118] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone as used in
Example 3 was granulated on native corn starch.
Comparative Example 8
[0119] Wood flour was used as received.
Example 28
[0120] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone as used in
Example 3 was granulated on wood flour.
Comparative Example 9
[0121] Zeolite was used as received.
Example 29
[0122] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone as used in
Example 3 was granulated on zeolite.
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 (dry compositions) Carrier concentra-
Amodimethicone Absorption Carrier tion microemulsion time
Comparative Rice 100% 543 s example 7 starch Example 26 Rice 91.7%
8.29% 82 s starch Comparative Corn 100% 656 s example 2 starch
Example 27 Corn 93.7% 6.32% 28 s starch Comparative Wood 100% 1000
s example 8 flour Example 28 Wood 84.9% 15.07% 273 s flour
Comparative Zeolite 100% 624 s example 9 Example 29 Zeolite 92.6%
7.41% 120 s
Example 30
[0123] The aqueous microemulsion of Amodimethicone as used in
Example 3 was granulated on a mix of calcium silicate and iron
oxide pigment (Unipure brown LC881 by LCW Sensient).
TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 (dry compositions) Calcium Amodimethicone
Absorption silicate Pigment microemulsion time Comparative 100%
1140 s example 2 Example 30 55% 13% 32% 510 s
* * * * *