U.S. patent application number 15/084519 was filed with the patent office on 2017-10-05 for artificial lift system and an associated method thereof.
The applicant listed for this patent is General Electric Company. Invention is credited to Victor Jose Acacio, Daniel Brue, Grant Lynn Hartman, Sean Andrew Kelso, Brian Paul Reeves.
Application Number | 20170284178 15/084519 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59959601 |
Filed Date | 2017-10-05 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170284178 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Reeves; Brian Paul ; et
al. |
October 5, 2017 |
ARTIFICIAL LIFT SYSTEM AND AN ASSOCIATED METHOD THEREOF
Abstract
An artificial lift system and a method of operating and
installing such an artificial lift system are disclosed. The
artificial lift system includes a reciprocating driver and a
reciprocating pump. Further, the reciprocating driver includes a
driver-shaft and the reciprocating pump includes a pump-shaft
detachably engaged to the driver-shaft. In one embodiment, the
artificial lift system further includes a coupling member, where
the pump-shaft is detachably engaged to the driver-shaft through
the coupling member.
Inventors: |
Reeves; Brian Paul; (Edmond,
OK) ; Hartman; Grant Lynn; (Oklahoma City, OK)
; Brue; Daniel; (Edmond, OK) ; Acacio; Victor
Jose; (Cypress, TX) ; Kelso; Sean Andrew;
(Tempe, AZ) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
General Electric Company |
Schenectady |
NY |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
59959601 |
Appl. No.: |
15/084519 |
Filed: |
March 30, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04B 47/06 20130101;
F04B 9/08 20130101; F04B 47/02 20130101; E21B 43/126 20130101; F04B
19/22 20130101; F04B 17/03 20130101; E21B 43/129 20130101; F04B
53/147 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E21B 43/12 20060101
E21B043/12; F04B 53/14 20060101 F04B053/14; F04B 47/02 20060101
F04B047/02; F04B 47/06 20060101 F04B047/06; F04B 19/22 20060101
F04B019/22; F04B 17/03 20060101 F04B017/03 |
Claims
1. An artificial lift system comprising: a reciprocating driver
comprising a driver-shaft; and a reciprocating pump comprising a
pump-shaft detachably engaged to the driver-shaft.
2. The artificial lift system of claim 1, further comprising a
coupling member, wherein the pump-shaft is detachably engaged to
the driver-shaft via the coupling member.
3. The artificial lift system of claim 2, wherein one among the
driver-shaft and the pump-shaft comprises a notch and wherein the
coupling member comprises a first end coupled to other among the
driver-shaft and the pump-shaft.
4. The artificial lift system of claim 3, wherein the coupling
member further comprises a second end and a plurality of tines
extending from the second end up to a predefined distance towards
the first end, wherein the plurality of tines is detachably engaged
to the notch.
5. The artificial lift system of claim 2, wherein the coupling
member comprises a connecting member comprising a slot and a
harpoon anchor detachably engaged to the slot, wherein the harpoon
anchor is coupled to one among the driver-shaft and the pump-shaft
and the connecting member is coupled to other among the pump-shaft
and the driver-shaft.
6. The artificial lift system of claim 2, wherein the coupling
member comprises a connecting member comprising a slot and a shear
pin detachably engaged to the slot, wherein the shear pin is
coupled to one among the driver-shaft and the pump-shaft and the
connecting member is coupled to other among the pump-shaft and the
driver-shaft.
7. The artificial lift system of claim 2, wherein the coupling
member comprises a fishing-neck-like member and an overshot member
detachably engaged to the fishing-neck-like member, wherein the
fishing-neck-like member is coupled to one among the driver-shaft
and the pump-shaft and the overshot member is coupled to other
among the pump-shaft and the driver-shaft.
8. The artificial lift system of claim 2, wherein the coupling
member comprises a first connecting member comprising a slot and a
spring collet comprising a shoulder portion detachably engaged to
the slot, wherein the spring collet is coupled to one among the
driver-shaft and the pump-shaft and the first connecting member is
coupled to other among the pump-shaft and the driver-shaft.
9. The artificial lift system of claim 8, wherein the shoulder
portion is disposed substantially perpendicular to a central axis
of the pump-shaft.
10. The artificial lift system of claim 8, wherein the shoulder
portion is disposed at a pre-determined tilt angle relative to a
central axis of the pump-shaft.
11. The artificial lift system of claim 8, wherein the coupling
member further comprises a second connecting member, wherein the
spring collet is coupled to the one among the pump-shaft and the
driver-shaft via the second connecting member, wherein the second
connecting member comprises a first end coupled to the spring
collet and a second end comprising a slot.
12. A method comprising: installing a reciprocating driver
comprising a driver-shaft in a well bore; installing a
reciprocating pump comprising a pump-shaft in the well bore; and
applying a first force to the reciprocating pump, to detachably
engage the pump-shaft to the driver-shaft.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising applying a second
force to the reciprocating pump, to disengage the pump-shaft from
the driver-shaft.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the pump-shaft is detachably
engaged to the driver-shaft via a coupling member.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the second force comprises at
least one of a linear force and a rotation force applied using at
least one of a hydraulic pressure device, a pneumatic pressure
device, a wire line device, a coiled tubing, and a plurality of
sucker rods.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein the first force comprises at
least one of a linear force and a rotation force applied using at
least one of a hydraulic pressure device, a pneumatic pressure
device, a wire line device, a coiled tubing, and a plurality of
sucker rods.
17. A method comprising: powering a reciprocating driver disposed
in a well bore, wherein the reciprocating driver comprises a
driver-shaft; driving a reciprocating pump disposed in the well
bore via the reciprocating driver, wherein the reciprocating pump
comprises a pump-shaft detachably engaged to the driver-shaft; and
pumping a production fluid from the well bore to a surface unit via
a tubing, by driving the reciprocating pump.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the pump-shaft is detachably
engaged to the driver-shaft via a coupling member.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein driving the reciprocating pump
comprises transmitting a compressive force directly from the
driver-shaft to the pump-shaft.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein driving the reciprocating pump
comprises transmitting a tensile force from the pump-shaft to the
driver-shaft via the coupling member.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to an artificial
lift system, and more particularly, to a coupling member used to
detachably engage a reciprocating pump to a reciprocating driver of
the artificial lift system.
[0002] Artificial lift systems are generally used in a production
well, where there is insufficient pressure in a reservoir for
lifting production fluids from the reservoir to the Earth's
surface. The artificial lift system typically includes one or more
pumping systems disposed in the production well and configured to
pump the production fluids from the reservoir to the Earth's
surface.
[0003] Typically, the pumping system may include an electrical
submersible pump (ESP) system which is configured to pump the
production fluids from the reservoir having a wide range of flow
rates and lift requirements. However, the ESP system may not be
suitable for a low volume production well having high dog leg
severity. In such conditions, a linear pumping system may be used
as an alternative pumping system. Such a pumping system includes a
pump and a motor which are generally coupled to each other and
disposed coaxially on a production tubing in the production well or
in a production casing of the production well attached to the
production tubing. The pump used in such a pumping system has a
statistically high rate of failure and may need to be frequently
repaired or replaced independent of the motor and the production
tubing. However, the conventional pumping system requires a whole
unit (i.e. pump, motor, and the production tubing) to be removed
from the production well to the Earth's surface for replacement
and/or repair of the pump. As a result, service costs, time
required for replacement, and the amount of production downtime is
increased.
[0004] Accordingly, there is a need for a coupling member for an
artificial lift system and an associated method for operating and
installing such an artificial lift system.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
[0005] In accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present
invention, an artificial lift system is disclosed. The artificial
lift system includes a reciprocating driver and a reciprocating
pump. In one exemplary embodiment, the reciprocating driver
includes a driver-shaft and the reciprocating pump includes a
pump-shaft detachably engaged to the driver-shaft.
[0006] In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the
present invention, a method for installing an artificial lift
system including a reciprocating driver and a reciprocating pump is
disclosed. The method involves installing the reciprocating driver
including a driver-shaft and the reciprocating pump including a
pump-shaft in the well bore. The method further involves applying a
force to the reciprocating pump, to detachably engage the
pump-shaft to the driver-shaft.
[0007] In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the
present invention, a method of operating an artificial lift system
including a reciprocating driver and a reciprocating pump is
disclosed. The method involves powering the reciprocating driver
disposed in a well bore and driving the reciprocating pump disposed
in the well bore via the reciprocating driver. The reciprocating
driver includes a driver-shaft and reciprocating pump includes a
pump-shaft detachably engaged to the driver-shaft. The method
further involves pumping a production fluid from the well bore to a
surface unit via tubing by driving the reciprocating pump.
DRAWINGS
[0008] These and other features and aspects of embodiments of the
present invention will become better understood when the following
detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which like characters represent like parts throughout
the drawings, wherein:
[0009] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an artificial lift system
disposed in a production well in accordance with one exemplary
embodiment;
[0010] FIG. 2 is a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft, a
pump-shaft, and a coupling member of the artificial lift system in
accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 1;
[0011] FIG. 3 is a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft,
the pump-shaft, and the coupling member in accordance with the
embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2;
[0012] FIG. 4 is a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft, a
pump-shaft, and a coupling member of an artificial lift system in
accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
[0013] FIG. 5 is a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft,
the pump-shaft, and the coupling member in accordance with the
embodiment of FIG. 4;
[0014] FIG. 6 is a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft, a
pump-shaft, and a coupling member of an artificial lift system in
accordance with yet another exemplary embodiment;
[0015] FIG. 7 is a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft,
the pump-shaft, and the coupling member in accordance with the
embodiment of FIG. 6;
[0016] FIG. 8 is a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft, a
pump-shaft, and a coupling member of an artificial lift system in
accordance with yet another exemplary embodiment;
[0017] FIG. 9 is a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft,
the pump-shaft, and the coupling member in accordance with the
embodiment of FIG. 8;
[0018] FIG. 10 is a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft,
a pump-shaft, and a coupling member of an artificial lift system in
accordance with yet another exemplary embodiment;
[0019] FIG. 11 is a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft,
the pump-shaft, and the coupling member in accordance with the
embodiment of FIG. 10;
[0020] FIG. 12 is a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft,
a pump-shaft, and a coupling member of an artificial lift system in
accordance with yet another exemplary embodiment;
[0021] FIG. 13 is a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft,
the pump-shaft, and the coupling member in accordance with the
embodiment of FIG. 12; and
[0022] FIG. 14 is a schematic assembled view of a driver-shaft
coupled directly to a pump-shaft of an artificial lift system in
accordance with one exemplary embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] Embodiments discussed herein disclose an artificial lift
system configured for extracting production fluids from one or more
reservoirs. In certain embodiments, the artificial lift system is
disposed in a production well and is configured to pump the
production fluids from the reservoirs to a surface unit through a
production tubing disposed in a well bore. In one embodiment, the
artificial lift system includes a reciprocating driver and a
reciprocating pump. In such embodiments, the reciprocating driver
includes a driver-shaft and the reciprocating pump includes a
pump-shaft detachably engaged to the driver-shaft. In some
embodiments, the artificial lift system further includes a coupling
member. In such embodiments, the coupling member may be coupled to
the pump-shaft, wherein the pump-shaft is detachably engaged to the
driver-shaft via the coupling member. In some other embodiments,
the coupling member may be coupled to the driver-shaft, wherein the
pump-shaft is detachably engaged to the driver-shaft via the
coupling member. In one or more embodiments, the reciprocating pump
may be detachably coupled to the reciprocating driver within the
production tubing of the well bore, thereby allowing the
reciprocating pump to be easily and efficiently replaced
independently of the reciprocating driver and the production
tubing. As a result, service costs, time required for
replacement/repair of the reciprocating pump, and deferred
production are reduced.
[0024] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an artificial lift
system 100 disposed in a production well 104 in accordance with one
exemplary embodiment. The artificial lift system 100 may be located
at depths reaching several thousands of meters in a production
tubing 102 disposed in the production well 104 and proximate to a
hydrocarbon reservoir 106.
[0025] In one embodiment, the artificial lift system 100 includes a
reciprocating pump 108 and a reciprocating driver 110. The
production tubing 102 is disposed within a well bore 112 of the
production well 104. The well bore 112 includes a plurality of
perforations 114 which is configured to allow production fluids 116
from the hydrocarbon reservoir 106 to enter the well bore 112. The
production tubing 102 includes a plurality of holes 118 which is
configured to allow the production fluids 116 from the well bore
112 to enter the production tubing 102. In one embodiment, the
production fluids 116 include a mixture of oil, water, and gas.
[0026] In one embodiment, the reciprocating driver 110 is a
reciprocating motor. In certain embodiments, the reciprocating
motor is an induction motor. In certain other embodiments, the
reciprocating motor includes a permanent magnet configured to
produce a substantially straight-line motion using a linear stator
and a rotor placed in parallel to the linear stator. It should be
noted herein that the terms, "reciprocating driver" and
"reciprocating motor" are used interchangeably. The reciprocating
driver 110 includes a casing 120 coupled to an end portion 122 of
the production tubing 102. The reciprocating driver 110 includes a
driver-shaft 126 coupled to the rotor and configured to reciprocate
along the casing 120. In some embodiments, the rotor itself acts as
the driver-shaft 126. The reciprocating driver 110 is powered via
an electric cable 124 coupled to a power supply unit (not shown in
FIG. 1). In one embodiment, the power supply unit may be disposed
within the well bore 112 or on a surface 128 of Earth. In the
illustrated embodiment, the casing 120 of the reciprocating driver
110 is surrounded by the production fluids 116. In such
embodiments, the casing 120 may include one or more seals to
prevent the entry of production fluids 116 and damaging the
reciprocating driver 110. In one or more embodiments, the
production fluids 116 may be used to cool the reciprocating driver
110. Although the reciprocating driver 110 is described herein, in
other embodiments, the reciprocating driver 110 may include, but
not limited to, a rotary to linear conversion device and hydraulic
pressure device delivering hydraulic pressure from the Earth's
surface.
[0027] The reciprocating pump 108 is disposed within the production
tubing 102. In one embodiment, the reciprocating pump 108 is a
reciprocating pump having a piston and a pump-shaft 132 coupled to
the piston. The reciprocating pump 108 is configured to pump the
production fluids 116 from the well bore 112. In the illustrated
embodiment, the reciprocating pump 108 includes a casing 130 and
the pump-shaft 132 coupled to the driver-shaft 126 and configured
to reciprocate along the casing 130. It should be noted herein that
the term "coupled" is referred to as detachably engaged. The
reciprocating pump 108 may be supported by packer members (not
shown in FIG. 1) disposed between the production tubing 102 and the
casing 130. The packer members are configured to additionally
prevent a flow of the production fluids 116 back into the well bore
112 along a gap (not labeled) between the casing 130 and the
production tubing 102.
[0028] In the illustrated embodiment, the artificial lift system
100 further includes a coupling member 136. Specifically, the
pump-shaft 132 is detachably engaged to the driver-shaft 126 via
the coupling member 136.
[0029] During operation, the reciprocating driver 110 is powered
via the electric cable 124, which causes the driver-shaft 126 to
reciprocate along the casing 120 and drive the reciprocating pump
108. Specifically, the reciprocating motion of the driver-shaft 126
drives the pump-shaft 132, so as to pump the production fluids 116
from the well bore 112 to a surface unit 134 via the production
tubing 102. In some embodiments, the surface unit 134 may be a
storage facility, a fluid processing unit, and the like. In one
embodiment, the reciprocating motion produced by the reciprocating
driver 110 to drive the reciprocating pump 108 includes an upward
stroke and downward stroke. During upward stroke, a compressive
force is exerted by the reciprocating driver 110 to the
reciprocating pump 108, which is transmitted directly from the
driver-shaft 126 to the pump-shaft 132 bypassing the coupling
member 136. In other words, driving the reciprocating pump 108
includes transmitting a compressive force directly from the
driver-shaft 126 to the pump-shaft 132. During downward stroke, a
tensile force is exerted by the reciprocating pump 108 to the
reciprocating driver 110, which is transmitted from the pump-shaft
132 to the driver-shaft 126 via the coupling member 136. In other
words, driving the reciprocating pump 108 includes transmitting a
tensile force from the pump-shaft 132 to the driver-shaft 126 via
the coupling member 136.
[0030] In one embodiment, during installation, the reciprocating
driver 110 along with the production tubing 102 is installed in the
well bore 112, via a wireline unit, a slickline, a rig, or the like
(not shown in FIG. 1). The installation of the reciprocating driver
110 involves disposing the reciprocating driver 110 proximate to
the plurality of perforations 114 formed in the well bore 112.
Further, the reciprocating pump 108 is installed within the
production tubing 102 via the wireline, the slickline, the rig, and
the like. The installation of the reciprocating pump 108 involves
disposing the pump-shaft 132 substantially proximate to the
driver-shaft 126. The pump-shaft 132 is then detachably engaged to
the driver-shaft 126 by applying a first force 137 to the
reciprocating pump 108. Specifically, the first force 137 is
applied on the reciprocating pump 108 to engage the pump-shaft 132
to the driver-shaft 126. The first force 137 is applied along a
first direction 138 which is oriented into the well bore 112. In
some embodiments, the first force 137 is at least one of a linear
force and a rotational force, applied using a drive unit 140. The
drive unit 140 includes at least one of a hydraulic pressure device
140a, a pneumatic pressure device 140b, a wire line device 140c, a
coiled tubing 140d, and a plurality of sucker rods 140e. The drive
unit 140 is configured to apply the first force 137, for example,
the linear force on the reciprocating pump 108 to engage the
pump-shaft 132 to the driver-shaft 126. In the illustrated
embodiment, the drive unit 140 is coupled to a tubing string 144 of
the reciprocating pump 108 via the coupling member 136. In some
embodiments, the drive unit 140 may be directly coupled to the
tubing strings 144 via screw elements (threaded elements).
[0031] In some embodiments, during maintenance of the artificial
lift system 100, the reciprocating pump 108 is disengaged from the
reciprocating driver 110 by applying a second force 145.
Specifically, the second force 145 is applied on the reciprocating
pump 108 to disengage the pump-shaft 132 from the driver-shaft 126.
In some embodiments, the maintenance of the artificial lift system
100 may include repair or replacement of the reciprocating pump
108. Specifically, the second force 145 is applied along a second
direction 146 which is oriented away from the well bore 112. In
some embodiments, the second force 145 is at least one of a linear
force and a rotation force, applied using the drive unit 140.
[0032] In one or more embodiments, the reciprocating pump 108 is
detachably engaged to the reciprocating driver 110 within the well
bore 112. As a result, there is no need to remove the whole unit
(i.e. reciprocating driver 110, the production tubing 102, and the
reciprocating pump 108) from the well bore 112 during maintenance,
thereby, reducing service costs, time required for
replacement/repair of the reciprocating pump 108 and the
reciprocating driver 110, and the amount of production
downtime.
[0033] FIG. 2 shows a schematic disassembled view of the
driver-shaft 126, the pump-shaft 132, and the coupling member 136
of the artificial lift system 100 in accordance with one exemplary
embodiment.
[0034] The driver-shaft 126 includes a first peripheral end portion
148 and a second peripheral end portion 150. The driver-shaft 126
further includes a notch 152 disposed substantially proximate to
the first peripheral end portion 148. Further, the notch 152
extends along a circumferential direction of the driver-shaft 126
and has a depth "D.sub.1". The notch 152 includes a first inclined
portion 154 and a second inclined portion 156 connected to the
first inclined portion 154 through a flat portion 158. The first
inclined portion 154 is tilted at a first predetermined angle
"A.sub.1" and the second inclined portion 156 is tilted at a second
predetermined angle "A.sub.2" relative to a central axis 149. The
first peripheral end portion 148 includes a tapered portion 160
extending along a circumferential direction of the driver-shaft
126. The tapered portion 160 is tilted at a third predetermined
angle "A.sub.3" relative to the central axis 149. In one
embodiment, the second peripheral end portion 150 is coupled to the
rotor of the reciprocating driver and configured to reciprocate
along the casing of the reciprocating driver. In some other
embodiments, the driver-shaft 126 may be the rotor of the
reciprocating driver.
[0035] The coupling member 136 is a hollow component. In the
illustrated embodiment, the coupling member 136 has a cylindrical
shape. The coupling member 136 includes a first end 162 and a
second end 164. In one embodiment, the first end 162 includes a
plurality of screw elements 166 disposed circumferentially along an
inner surface 168 of the coupling member 136. The coupling member
136 includes a plurality of tines 170 extending from the second end
up to a predefined distance towards the first end 162. The
plurality of tines 170 is spaced apart from each other and disposed
along the circumferential direction of the coupling member 136.
Each tine 170 includes a projection 172 disposed at the second end
164 of the coupling member 136. In the illustrated embodiment, the
projection 172 protrudes radially inward towards a central axis
163. In one embodiment, the projection 172 includes a first
inclined portion 174 and a second inclined portion 176 connected to
the first inclined portion 174 through a flat portion 178. The
first inclined portion 174 is tilted at a first predetermined angle
"A.sub.4" and the second inclined portion 176 is tilted at a second
predetermined angle "A.sub.5" relative to the central axis 163. The
coupling member 136 is made of relatively flexible material. In one
embodiment, the flexible material includes at least one of a
stainless steel material, carbon steel, nickel alloy, and
nickel-chromium super alloy.
[0036] The pump-shaft 132 includes a first peripheral end portion
180 and a second peripheral end portion 182. The first peripheral
end portion 180 has a diameter "D.sub.2" and the second peripheral
end portion 182 has a diameter "D.sub.3". In the illustrated
embodiment, the diameter "D.sub.2" is smaller than diameter
"D.sub.3". Further, the first peripheral end portion 180 includes a
plurality of screw elements 184 disposed circumferentially along an
outer surface 186 of the pump-shaft 132. In one embodiment, the
second peripheral end portion 182 is coupled to the connecting rod
of the reciprocating pump and configured to reciprocate along the
casing of the reciprocating pump for pumping the production fluids.
In some other embodiments, the pump-shaft 132 itself may be the
connecting rod of the reciprocating driver.
[0037] In one embodiment, the first predetermined angle "A.sub.1"
of the driver-shaft 126 is substantially equal to the first
predetermined angle "A.sub.4" of the coupling member 136. The
second predetermined angle "A.sub.2" and the third predetermined
angle "A.sub.3" of the driver-shaft 126 are substantially equal to
the second predetermined angle "A.sub.5" of the coupling member
136. During design stage, the first predetermined angles "A.sub.1"
and "A.sub.4" may be determined based on a force required by the
reciprocating pump to be pulled into wellbore by the reciprocating
driver without getting disengaged from the coupling member 136.
Further, the second predetermined angles "A.sub.2", "A.sub.4", and
the third predetermined angle "A.sub.4" may be determined based on
a compressive force required to engage the coupling member 136.
During the power stroke, the reciprocating driver is configured to
push the reciprocating pump to lift the production fluids. During
such an event, compressive force applied by the reciprocating
driver gets transmitted directly from the driver-shaft 126 to the
pump-shaft 132 bypassing the coupling member 136. In other words,
the compressive force is transmitted by contacting the first
peripheral end portion 148 of the driver-shaft 126 with the first
peripheral end portion 180 of the pump-shaft 132. During the return
stroke, the reciprocating driver is configured to pull (apply
tensile force) the reciprocating pump into down position i.e. into
the wellbore. During such an event, the tensile force is
transmitted by contacting the first inclined portion 174 of the
coupling member 136 with the first inclined portion 154 of the
notch 152.
[0038] FIG. 3 shows a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft
126, the pump-shaft 132, and the coupling member 136 in accordance
with the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0039] In one embodiment, the pump-shaft 132 is coupled to the
coupling member 136 via the screw elements 166, 184. Further, the
pump-shaft 132 is detachably engaged to the driver-shaft 126 via
the coupling member 136. Specifically, the projection 172 of the
coupling member 136 is detachably engaged to the notch 152 of the
driver-shaft 126 such that the first peripheral end portion 180 of
the pump-shaft 132 is contacted to the first peripheral end portion
148 of the driver-shaft 126.
[0040] During assembly and prior to installation in the well bore,
the screw elements 166 are rotated over the screw elements 184 for
coupling the coupling member 136 to the pump-shaft 132. Further,
during installation in the well bore, a first force 137 is applied
on the reciprocating pump 108 such that the plurality of tines 170
is expanded outwardly, thereby allowing the projection 172 to pass
along the first peripheral end portion 148 of the driver-shaft 126.
The plurality of tines 170 is further contracted when the
projection 172 engages the notch 152, thereby allowing the
pump-shaft 132 to detachably engage to the driver-shaft 126. In one
embodiment, the first force 137 is a linear force applied along the
first direction 138 (as shown in FIG. 1) into the well bore 112.
During maintenance, the second force 145 is applied on the
reciprocating pump 108 such that the plurality of tines 170 is
expanded permitting the projection 172 to detach from the notch
152, thereby allowing the pump-shaft 132 to disengage from the
driver-shaft 126. In one embodiment, the second force 145 is the
linear force applied along the second direction 146 (as shown in
FIG. 1) away from the well bore 112.
[0041] In certain other embodiments, the pump-shaft 132 may include
the notch 152 and the tapered portion 160. The driver-shaft 126 may
include the plurality of screw elements 184. In such embodiments,
the driver-shaft 126 may be coupled to the coupling member 136 via
the screw elements 166, 184. Further, the driver-shaft 126 may be
detachably engaged to the pump-shaft 132 via the coupling member
136. Specifically, the projection 172 of the coupling member 136
may be detachably engaged to the notch 152 of the pump-shaft
132.
[0042] FIG. 4 shows a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft
226, a pump-shaft 232, and a coupling member 236 of an artificial
lift system in accordance with another exemplary embodiment.
[0043] In the illustrated embodiment, the driver-shaft 226 includes
a first peripheral end portion 248 and a second peripheral end
portion 250. The pump-shaft 232 includes a first peripheral end
portion 280 and a second peripheral end portion 282. The coupling
member 236 includes a harpoon anchor 286 and a connecting member
288 configured to detachably engage to the harpoon anchor 286. In
the illustrated embodiment, the harpoon anchor 286 is coupled to
the pump-shaft 232. Specifically, the harpoon anchor 286 is coupled
to an outer surface 294 of the pump-shaft 232 and is disposed at
the first peripheral end portion 280. The connecting member 288 is
coupled to the driver-shaft 226. Specifically, the connecting
member 288 includes a first end 228 and a second end 230. The
second end 230 is coupled to the first peripheral end portion 248
of the driver-shaft 226. In other words, the harpoon anchor 286 is
coupled to one among the driver-shaft 226 and the pump-shaft 232
and the connecting member 288 is coupled to other among the
pump-shaft 232 and the driver-shaft 226.
[0044] In certain other embodiments, the connecting member 288 may
be coupled to the pump-shaft 232 and the harpoon anchor 286 may be
coupled to the driver-shaft 226 depending on the application and
design criteria.
[0045] The connecting member 288 includes a slot 284 disposed
substantially along a longitudinal direction from the first end 228
towards the second end 230. The slot 284 includes a first slot
portion 290 and a second slot portion 292. The first slot portion
290 has a diameter "D.sub.1" and the second slot portion 292 has a
diameter "D.sub.2" different from the diameter "D.sub.1". In one
embodiment, the diameter "D.sub.2" is larger than the diameter
"D.sub.1". In the illustrated embodiment, the harpoon anchor 286
has a triangular shape. The harpoon anchor 286 is configured to
move inwardly and outwardly relative to a central axis 296 of the
pump-shaft 232. The inward and outward movement of the harpoon
anchor 286 may be generated by a biasing member, such as a spring
and the like. The second slot portion 292 is configured to receive
the harpoon anchor 286 and thereby detachably engage the pump-shaft
232 to the driver-shaft 226.
[0046] FIG. 5 shows a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft
226, the pump-shaft 232, and the coupling member 236 in accordance
with the embodiment of FIG. 4. In one embodiment, the pump-shaft
232 is detachably engaged to the driver- shaft 226 via the coupling
member 236. In the illustrated embodiment, a portion of the
pump-shaft 232 is disposed within the first slot portion 290 and
the harpoon anchor 286 is detachably engaged to the second slot
portion 292.
[0047] During installation a first force 237 is applied on a
reciprocating pump such that the harpoon anchor 286 moves inwardly
towards the central axis 296, thereby allowing the portion of the
pump-shaft 232 to pass through the first slot portion 290. The
harpoon anchor 286 moves outwardly away from the central axis 296
when the harpoon anchor 286 reaches the second slot portion 292,
thereby allowing the pump-shaft 232 to detachably engage to the
driver-shaft 226. In one embodiment, the first force 237 is a
linear force applied along a first direction into a well bore.
During maintenance, the second force 245 is applied on the
reciprocating pump such that harpoon anchor 286 is sheared off,
thereby allowing the pump-shaft 232 to disengage from the
driver-shaft 226. In one embodiment, the second force 245 is the
linear force applied along a second direction away from the well
bore.
[0048] FIG. 6 shows a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft
326, a pump-shaft 332, and a coupling member 336 of an artificial
lift system in accordance with yet another exemplary
embodiment.
[0049] In the illustrated embodiment, the driver-shaft 326 includes
a first peripheral end portion 348 and a second peripheral end
portion 350. The pump-shaft 332 includes a first peripheral end
portion 380 and a second peripheral end portion 382. The coupling
member 336 includes a plurality of shear pins 386 and a connecting
member 388 configured to detachably engage to the plurality of
shear pins 386. In the illustrated embodiment, each shear pin 386
is coupled to the pump-shaft 332. Specifically, each shear pin 386
is coupled to a peripheral surface 398 of the pump-shaft 332 and
disposed proximate to the first peripheral end portion 380. The
connecting member 388 is coupled to the driver-shaft 326.
Specifically, the connecting member 388 includes a first end 328
and a second end 330. The second end 330 is coupled to the first
peripheral end portion 348 of the driver-shaft 326. In other words,
each shear pin 386 is coupled to one among the driver-shaft 326 and
the pump-shaft 332 and the connecting member 388 is coupled to
other among the pump-shaft 332 and the driver-shaft 326.
[0050] In certain other embodiments, the connecting member 388 may
be coupled to the pump-shaft 332 and each shear pin 386 may be
coupled to the driver-shaft 326 depending on the application and
design criteria.
[0051] The connecting member 388 includes a plurality of slots 384.
It should be noted herein that only one slot of the plurality of
slots 384 is shown in the illustrated embodiment and such
illustration should not be construed as a limitation of the present
invention. In one embodiment, each slot of the plurality of slots
384 is disposed on a peripheral surface 397 of the connecting
member 388 and disposed along a longitudinal direction from the
first end 328 towards the second end 330. Each slot of the
plurality of slots 384 includes a first slot portion 378, a second
slot portion 390, and a third slot portion 392 having a detent
portion 393 disposed at a downstream end. In the illustrated
embodiment, each slot of the plurality of slots 384 has a "J"
shape. Each shear pin 386 is configured to rotate inside a first
slot portion 378, slide along the second slot portion 390, and
rotatably engage to the third slot portion 392. In one embodiment,
the third slot portion 392 is configured to receive each shear pin
386 and thereby detachably engage the pump-shaft 332 to the
driver-shaft 326.
[0052] FIG. 7 shows a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft
326, the pump-shaft 332, and the coupling member 336 in accordance
with the embodiment of FIG. 6. In one embodiment, the pump-shaft
332 is detachably engaged to the driver-shaft 326 via the coupling
member 336. In the illustrated embodiment, a portion of the
pump-shaft 332 is disposed within the slot 384 and each shear pin
of the plurality of shear pins 386 is detachably engaged to the
detent portion 393 of the slot 384.
[0053] During installation, a first force 337 is applied on a
reciprocating pump such that each shear pin 386 rotates inside the
first slot portion 378. Further, each shear pin 386 slides along
the second slot portion 390, thereby allowing the portion of the
pump-shaft 332 to engage with the slot 384. Each shear pin 386 is
further passed through the third slot portion 392 and rotatably
engaged to the detent portion 393 portion, thereby allowing the
pump-shaft 332 to detachably engage with the driver-shaft 326. In
one embodiment, the first force 337 is a combination of a linear
force and a rotational force applied along a first direction into a
well bore. During maintenance, a second force 345 is applied on the
reciprocating pump such that each shear pin 386 is sheared off,
thereby allowing the pump-shaft 332 to disengage from the
driver-shaft 326. In one embodiment, the second force 345 is the
linear force applied along a second direction away from the well
bore. In some other embodiments, during maintenance, the second
force 345 is applied on the reciprocating pump such that each shear
pin 386 is rotatably disengaged from the third slot portion 392,
linearly slide back from the second slot portion 390, and rotatably
disengaged from the first slot portion 378. In such embodiments,
the second force 345 is a combination of the linear force and the
rotational force applied along the second direction into a well
bore.
[0054] FIG. 8 shows a schematic disassembled view of a driver-shaft
426, a pump-shaft 432, and a coupling member 436 of an artificial
lift system in accordance with yet another exemplary
embodiment.
[0055] In the illustrated embodiment, the driver-shaft 426 includes
a first peripheral end portion 448 and a second peripheral end
portion 450. The pump-shaft 432 includes a first peripheral end
portion 480 and a second peripheral end portion 482. The coupling
member 436 includes an overshot member 486 and a fishing-neck-like
member 488 configured to detachably engage the overshot member 486.
In the illustrated embodiment, the fishing-neck-like member 488 is
coupled to the driver-shaft 426. Specifically, the
fishing-neck-like member 488 includes a first end 428 and a second
end 430. The second end 430 is coupled to the first peripheral end
portion 448 of the driver-shaft 426. The overshot member 486 is
coupled to the pump-shaft 432. Specifically, the overshot member
486 includes a first end 468 and a second end 470. The second end
470 is coupled to the first peripheral end portion 480 of the
pump-shaft 432. In other words, the fishing-neck-like member 488 is
coupled to one among the driver-shaft 426 and the pump-shaft 432
and the overshot member 486 is coupled to other among the
pump-shaft 432 and the driver-shaft 426.
[0056] In certain other embodiments, the overshot member 486 may be
coupled to the driver-shaft 426 and the fishing-neck-like member
488 may be coupled to the pump-shaft 432 depending on the
application and design criteria.
[0057] The fishing-neck-like member 488 includes a body portion 490
coupled to the first peripheral end portion 448 and a tapered
portion 492 coupled to the body portion 490. The overshot member
486 has a body portion 440 and a plurality of tapered portions 442
stacked to one another. The plurality of tapered portions 442 of
the overshot member 486 is configured to receive the tapered
portion 492 of the fishing-neck-like member 488 and thereby
detachably engage the pump-shaft 432 to the driver-shaft 426.
[0058] FIG. 9 shows a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft
426, the pump-shaft 432, and the coupling member 436 in accordance
with the embodiment of FIG. 8. In one embodiment, the pump-shaft
432 is detachably engaged to the driver-shaft 426 via the coupling
member 436. In the illustrated embodiment, the fishing-neck-like
member 488 is disposed within the overshot member 486 to detachably
engage the tapered portion 492 (shown in FIG. 8) to at least one
tapered portion of the plurality of tapered portions 442.
[0059] During installation a first force 437 is applied on a
reciprocating pump such that the overshot member 486 slides over
the fishing-neck-like member 488, thereby allowing the plurality of
tapered portions 442 to pass along the tapered portion 492. At
least one tapered portion of the plurality of tapered portions 442
locks the tapered portion 492, thereby allowing the pump-shaft 432
to detachably engage with the driver-shaft 426. In one embodiment,
the first force 437 is a linear force applied along a first
direction into a well bore. During maintenance, a second force 445
is applied on the reciprocating pump such that tapered portion 492
is detached from the at least one tapered portion of the plurality
of tapered portions 442, thereby allowing the pump-shaft 432 to
disengage from the driver-shaft 426. In one embodiment, the second
force 445 is the linear force applied along a second direction away
from the well bore. In one embodiment, the first force 437 and the
second force 445 are applied using a plurality of springs, such as
"C"-shaped springs or a hydraulic pressure device delivering
hydraulic pressure from the Earth's surface.
[0060] FIG. 10 shows a schematic disassembled view of a
driver-shaft 526, a pump-shaft 532, and a coupling member 536 of an
artificial lift system in accordance with yet another exemplary
embodiment.
[0061] In one embodiment, the driver-shaft 526 includes a first
peripheral end portion 548 and a second peripheral end portion 550.
The pump-shaft 532 includes a first peripheral end portion 580 and
a second peripheral end portion 582. The coupling member 536
includes a spring collet 586, a first connecting member 588, and a
second connecting member 594. The first connecting member 588 is
configured to detachably engage the spring collet 586. In the
illustrated embodiment, the first connecting member 588 is coupled
to the driver-shaft 526. Specifically, the first connecting member
588 includes a first end 528 and a second end 530. The second end
530 is coupled to the first peripheral end portion 548 of the
driver-shaft 526. The spring collet 586 is coupled to the
pump-shaft 532 through the second connecting member 594.
Specifically, the second connecting member 594 includes a first end
560 and a second end 562. The second end 562 is coupled to the
pump-shaft 532 through a plurality of shear pins 578. Further, the
spring collet 586 is coupled to the first end 560 of the second
connecting member 594. In other words, the spring collet 586 is
coupled to one among the driver-shaft 526 and the pump-shaft 532
and the first connecting member 588 is coupled to other among the
pump-shaft 532 and the driver-shaft 526.
[0062] In certain other embodiments, the first connecting member
588 may be coupled to the pump-shaft 532 and the spring collet 586
may be coupled to the driver-shaft 526 through the second
connecting member 594 depending on the application and design
criteria.
[0063] The first connecting member 588 includes a slot 584 disposed
along a longitudinal direction from the first end 528 towards the
second end 530. The slot 584 includes a first slot portion 590 and
a second slot portion 592. In the illustrated embodiment, the
second slot portion 592 is disposed substantially perpendicular
relative to a central axis 583 of the driver-shaft 526. The second
connecting member 594 includes a slot 556 disposed at the second
end 562 and substantially along the longitudinal direction from the
second end 562 towards the first end 560. The slot 556 includes a
first slot portion 544 and a second slot portion 546 (shoulder
portion). In the illustrated embodiments, the first slot portion
544 and the second slot portion 546 of the slot 556 have a
substantially similar dimension as that of the first slot portion
590 and the second slot portion 592 of the slot 584 of the first
connecting member 588. The spring collet 586 includes a body
portion 552 and a shoulder portion 554. The body portion 552 and
the shoulder portion 554 of the spring collet 586 have a
substantially similar dimension as that of the first slot portion
590 and the second slot portion 592 of the first connecting member
588. In the illustrated embodiment, the shoulder portion 554 is
disposed substantially perpendicular relative to a central axis 581
of the pump-shaft 532. In one embodiment, the second slot portion
592 of the first connecting member 588 is configured to receive the
shoulder portion 554 of the spring collet 586 and thereby
detachably engage the pump-shaft 532 to the driver-shaft 526.
[0064] FIG. 11 shows a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft
526, the pump-shaft 532, and the coupling member 536 in accordance
with the embodiment of FIG. 10. In one embodiment, the pump-shaft
532 is detachably engaged to the driver-shaft 526 via the coupling
member 536. In the illustrated embodiment, the spring collet 586 is
disposed within the slot 584 to detachably engage the shoulder
portion 554 of the spring collet 586 to the second slot portion 592
of the slot 584.
[0065] During installation, a first force 537 is applied on a
reciprocating pump such that the shoulder portion 554 of the spring
collet 586 passes through first slot portion 590 (shown in FIG. 10)
of the slot 584 and detachably engage to the second slot portion
592 of the slot 584. In one embodiment, the first force 537 is a
linear force applied along a first direction into a well bore.
During maintenance, a second force 545 is applied on the
reciprocating pump such that the plurality of shear pins 578 is
sheared off from the second connecting member 594, thereby allowing
the pump-shaft 532 to disengage from the driver-shaft 526. In such
embodiments, the second connecting member 594 is retained with the
driver-shaft 526. The slot 556 of the second connecting member 594
is configured to receive and hold a new spring collet. In one
embodiment, the second force 545 is the linear force applied along
a second direction away from the well bore.
[0066] FIG. 12 shows a schematic disassembled view of a
driver-shaft 626, a pump-shaft 632, and a coupling member 636 of an
artificial lift system in accordance with yet another exemplary
embodiment.
[0067] The coupling member 636 includes a spring collet 686 and a
connecting member 688 configured to detachably engage to the spring
collet 686. In the illustrated embodiment, the connecting member
688 is coupled to the driver-shaft 626. Specifically, the
driver-shaft 626 includes a peripheral end portion 648 coupled to a
peripheral end portion 630 of the connecting member 688. The spring
collet 686 is coupled to the pump-shaft 632. Specifically, the
pump-shaft 632 includes a peripheral end portion 644 coupled to a
peripheral end portion 662 of the spring collet 686. In certain
other embodiments, the connecting member 688 may be coupled to the
pump-shaft 632 and the spring collet 686 may be coupled to the
driver-shaft 626 depending on the application and design
criteria.
[0068] The connecting member 688 includes a slot 684 having a first
slot portion 690 and a second slot portion 692. It should be noted
herein that the side walls of the second slot portion 692 are
tilted at a pre-determined tilt angle relative to a central axis
683 of the driver-shaft 626. In the illustrated embodiment, the
pump-shaft 632 is a stepped shaft directly coupled to the spring
collet 686. The spring collet 686 includes a shoulder portion 654
having side walls disposed at a pre-determined tilt angle relative
to a central axis 681 of the pump-shaft 632. In one embodiment, the
second slot portion 692 of the connecting member 688 is configured
to receive the shoulder portion 654 of the spring collet 686 and
thereby detachably engage the pump-shaft 632 to the driver-shaft
626.
[0069] FIG. 13 shows a schematic assembled view of the driver-shaft
626, the pump-shaft 632, and the coupling member 636 in accordance
with the embodiment of FIG. 12. The pump-shaft 632 is detachably
engaged to the driver-shaft 626 via the coupling member 636. In the
illustrated embodiment, the spring collet 686 is disposed within
the slot 684 (shown in FIG. 10) to detachably engage the shoulder
portion 654 of the spring collet 686 to the second slot portion 692
of the slot 684.
[0070] During installation, a first force 637 is applied on a
reciprocating pump such that the shoulder portion 654 of the spring
collet 686 passes through the slot 684 to detachably engage to the
second slot portion 692 of the slot 684. In one embodiment, the
first force 637 is a linear force applied along a first direction
into a well bore. During maintenance, a second force 645 is applied
on the reciprocating pump such that the shoulder portion 654 is
detached from the second slot portion 692, thereby allowing the
pump-shaft 632 to disengage from the driver-shaft 626. In one
embodiment, the second force 645 is the linear force applied along
a second direction away from the well bore.
[0071] FIG. 14 shows a schematic assembled view of a driver-shaft
726 coupled directly to a pump-shaft 732 of an artificial lift
system in accordance with another exemplary embodiment.
[0072] The pump-shaft 732 includes a first peripheral end portion
780 and a second peripheral end portion 782. The pump-shaft 732
includes a plurality of tines 770 spaced apart from one another and
extending along a circumferential direction from the first
peripheral end portion 780 towards the second peripheral end
portion 782. Further, the plurality of tines 770 protrudes beyond
the first peripheral end portion 780 along a central axis 781 of
the pump-shaft 732. Each tine 770 include a projection 772
detachably engaged to a notch 752 formed on the driver-shaft 726
such that the first peripheral end portion 780 is contacted to a
peripheral end portion 748 of the driver-shaft 726. In the
illustrated embodiment, a separate coupling member is not required
because the pump-shaft 732 is detachably engaged directly to the
driver-shaft 726. In certain other embodiments, the pump-shaft 732
may include the notch 752 and the driver-shaft 726 may include a
plurality of tines 770, each tine including a projection 772. In
such embodiments, the projection 772 is coupled to the notch 752
thereby detachably engaging the driver-shaft 726 to the pump-shaft
732.
[0073] In accordance with one or more embodiments discussed herein,
a reciprocating pump is detachably engaged to a reciprocating
driver within a production tubing of a well bore, thereby allowing
the reciprocating pump to be easily and efficiently replaced
independently of the reciprocating driver. As a result, service
costs, time required for replacement/ repair of the reciprocating
pump/reciprocating driver, and the amount of production downtime
are reduced.
[0074] While only certain features of embodiments have been
illustrated and described herein, many modifications and changes
will occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be
understood that the appended embodiments are intended to cover all
such modifications and changes as falling within the spirit of the
invention.
* * * * *