U.S. patent application number 15/623816 was filed with the patent office on 2017-10-05 for coating composition with rheology modifier.
This patent application is currently assigned to Valspar Sourcing, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Valspar Sourcing, Inc.. Invention is credited to Karl A. Booth, Kenneth F. Czaplewski, Stephen M. Korenkiewicz, Jeffrey F. Taylor.
Application Number | 20170283626 15/623816 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 56127667 |
Filed Date | 2017-10-05 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170283626 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Booth; Karl A. ; et
al. |
October 5, 2017 |
Coating Composition with Rheology Modifier
Abstract
A coating composition including a rheology modifier is
described. The rheology modifier is a water-soluble polyurethane
made by the condensation of a poly(alkylene glycol), a
polyisocyanate and a compound including a polyalkoxylated chain and
a hydrophobic end group. The composition demonstrates Leneta sag
resistance of greater than about 14 and a Leneta flow and leveling
of at least about 9, and a Stormer viscosity of less than about 120
Krebs units.
Inventors: |
Booth; Karl A.; (Mundelein,
IL) ; Czaplewski; Kenneth F.; (Westmont, IL) ;
Korenkiewicz; Stephen M.; (Lake Zurich, IL) ; Taylor;
Jeffrey F.; (Cincinnati, OH) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Valspar Sourcing, Inc. |
Minneapolis |
MN |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Valspar Sourcing, Inc.
Minneapolis
MN
|
Family ID: |
56127667 |
Appl. No.: |
15/623816 |
Filed: |
June 15, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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PCT/US2015/066618 |
Dec 18, 2015 |
|
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15623816 |
|
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62266105 |
Dec 11, 2015 |
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62094186 |
Dec 19, 2014 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C08G 18/2835 20130101;
C08L 75/04 20130101; C09D 7/43 20180101; C09D 7/00 20130101; C08K
2003/2241 20130101; C09D 7/47 20180101; C09D 175/08 20130101; C08G
18/4833 20130101; C08G 18/283 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C09D 7/00 20060101
C09D007/00; C09D 175/08 20060101 C09D175/08; C08G 18/28 20060101
C08G018/28; C09D 7/06 20060101 C09D007/06 |
Claims
1. A coating composition, comprising: a water-soluble polyurethane
rheology modifier formed by condensation of (a) at least one
compound of formula (I): R--(OE).sub.m--OH (I) wherein: R is one or
more aromatic moieties having between 2 and 5 phenyl rings; OE is a
polyethoxylated chain; and m is an number between about 6 and about
12; (b) at least one poly(alkylene glycol); and (c) at least one
polyisocyanate, wherein the coating composition has a Leneta sag
resistance of greater than about 14 and a Leneta flow and leveling
of greater than about 9, and a Stormer viscosity of less than about
120 Krebs units.
2. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein R is one or more
aromatic moieties including a tristyryl phenyl group.
3. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the one or more
aromatic moieties include between about 25 and 40 carbon atoms.
4. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein at least one
aromatic moiety of the group R has the structure of a compound of
formula (III): ##STR00004##
5. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein m is a number
between 8 and 10.
6. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the composition has
a Leneta sag resistance of at least 16 and a Leneta flow and
leveling of at least 10.
7. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the composition has
Stormer viscosity of about 90 to 120 KU.
8. A method to improve the sag and leveling of an aqueous coating
composition, comprising: providing an aqueous coating composition;
and adding the water-soluble polyurethane rheology modifier of
formula (I) or (II) to the composition to provide a coating
composition having a Leneta sag resistance of at least about 14 and
a Leneta flow and leveling of at least 9.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the coating composition is an
aqueous TiO.sub.2-containing latex paint system.
10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the poly(alkylene glycol)
is poly(ethylene glycol) with molecular weight (Mw) of about 2,000
g/mol to about 20,000 g/mol.
11. A coating composition, comprising: a water-soluble polyurethane
rheology modifier formed by condensation of (a) at least one
compound of formula (II): ##STR00005## wherein:
[(EO).sub.m--(PO).sub.n--(BO).sub.p] is a polyalkoxylated chain
including alkoxylated units chosen from among ethoxylated units EO,
propoxylated units PO, and butoxylated units BO, m, n and p are
each independently either zero, or a whole number between 2 and
250, wherein the sum of m, n and p is between 2 and 250; (b) at
least one poly(alkylene glycol); and (c) at least one
polyisocyanate, wherein the coating composition has a Leneta sag
resistance of greater than about 14 and a Leneta flow and leveling
of greater than about 9, and a Stormer viscosity of less than about
120 Krebs units.
12. The coating composition of claim 11, wherein the polyalkoxylate
is selected from compounds with alkoxylated units in blocked form,
alternating form, random form, and mixtures thereof.
13. The coating composition of claim 11, wherein the sum of m, n,
and p is a number between 2 and 20.
14. The coating composition of claim 11, wherein the composition
has a Leneta sag resistance of at least 16 and a Leneta flow and
leveling of at least 9.
15. The coating composition of claim 11, wherein the composition
has Stormer viscosity of about 90 to 120 KU.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
[0001] This application is a continuation of International
Application No. PCT/US2015/066618 filed on 18 Dec. 2015, which
claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/094,186
filed on Dec. 19, 2014 and U.S. Provisional Application No.
62/266,105 filed on Dec. 11, 2015, each of which is incorporated
herein by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Coating compositions, including architectural paints, for
example, are provided in a wide variety of finishes, and the
ultimate finish of a paint depends on a number of factors,
including the rheology profile of the coating composition.
[0003] The rheology of a coating composition is a function of its
visco-elastic properties, including sag resistance and flow and
leveling. These properties exist in an inverse relationship, where
a composition with excellent flow and leveling will have poor sag
resistance, whereas a composition with excellent sag resistance
will show poor flow and leveling. As a result, the composition may
be difficult to apply and/or will not result in a coated article
with a smooth finish.
[0004] Conventionally, this problem is addressed by the use of
thickeners or rheology modifiers in the coating compositions.
However, many thickeners must be used in formulations made at high
pH, have poor viscosity, show low water resistance, or reduce
compatibility with various pigments commonly used in
formulations.
[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a rheology modifier to be
used in a coating composition with excellent sag resistance and
flow and leveling, and a viscosity profile that allows for easy
application and a smooth finish.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0006] FIG. 1 is a graphic representation of the dynamic
visco-elastic behavior of a coating composition when applied to a
substrate.
SUMMARY
[0007] The present disclosure provides a coating composition
including at least a rheology modifier. In an aspect, the rheology
modifier described herein provides an improved rheology profile or
rheology behavior relative to conventional coating compositions
that do not include the disclosed rheology modifier. Specifically,
the composition with the rheology modifier has a Leneta sag
resistance of greater than about 14 and a Leneta flow and leveling
of greater than about 9. In addition, the composition with the
rheology modifier has Stormer viscosity of less than about 120
Krebs units (KU).
[0008] In one embodiment, the rheology modifier is a water-soluble
polyurethane made by the condensation of at least one poly(alkylene
glycol), at least one polyisocyanate, and at least one compound
having the formula (I) or (II):
R--(OE).sub.m--OH (I)
In the compound of formula I, R is preferably one or more aromatic
moieties having between 2 and 5 phenyl rings, OE preferably
represents a polyethoxylated chain, and m is preferably a whole
number or fraction representing the number of OE units present in
the compound of formula (I),i.e. 6 to 12.
##STR00001##
In the compound of formula (II), the
[(EO).sub.m--(PO).sub.n--(BO).sub.p] preferably represents a
polyalkoxylated chain including alkoxylated units chosen from among
ethoxylated units EO, propoxylated units PO, and butoxylated units
BO, where m, n and p are preferably each independently either zero,
or a whole number between 2 and 250, and where the sum of m, n and
p is between 2 and 250.
[0009] The composition with the rheology modifier has a Leneta sag
resistance of greater than about 14 and a Leneta flow and leveling
of at least 9 or greater than about 9. In addition, the composition
with the rheology modifier has Stormer viscosity of less than about
120 Krebs units (KU).
[0010] In another embodiment, the present description provides a
method of improving the rheology profile of a coating composition.
The method includes steps for providing an aqueous coating
composition; and adding the water-soluble polyurethane rheology
modifier described herein to the composition to provide a coating
composition having a Leneta sag resistance of at least about 14 and
a Leneta flow and leveling of at least 9 or greater than about
9.
[0011] In yet another embodiment, the present description provides
a method for preventing the reduction of viscosity of a paint
formulation on the addition of a tint or colorant. The method
includes steps of providing a base paint formulation, adding a
colorant formulation to tint the base paint formulation to a
desired color, and adjusting the viscosity of the tinted base paint
by addition of the water-soluble polyurethane rheology modifier
described herein.
[0012] The above summary of the present invention is not intended
to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of
the present invention. The description that follows more
particularly exemplifies illustrative embodiments. In several
places throughout the application, guidance is provided through
lists of examples, which can be used in various combinations. In
each instance, the recited list serves only as a representative
group and should not be interpreted as an exclusive list.
[0013] The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are
set for in the accompanying drawings and the description below.
Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will be
apparent from the description and drawings, and from the
claims.
Selected Definitions
[0014] Unless otherwise specified, the following terms as used
herein have the meanings as provided below.
[0015] The term "component" refers to any compound that includes a
particular feature or structure. Examples of components include
compounds, monomers, oligomers, polymers, and organic groups
contained there.
[0016] The term "base paint" refers to a coating composition that
is complete insofar as it is capable of receiving additional
adjuvants or pigment for tinting or other end use related purposes.
In certain instances, a base paint formulation may be tinted at a
point-of-sale by the addition of an amount of colorant, pigment or
dye.
[0017] The term "rheology modifier," as used herein, refers to an
additive that influences viscosity at high and/or low shear rates
and may also contribute to consistency of a coating composition.
For convenience, the terms "rheology modifier" and "thickener" are
used interchangeably herein.
[0018] The term "water-soluble" in the context of a polymer as used
herein means that the polymer can be mixed into water (or an
aqueous carrier) to form a stable mixture. For example, a mixture
that readily separates into immiscible layers is not a stable
mixture. The term "water-dispersible" is intended to include the
term "water-soluble." In other words, by definition, a
water-soluble polymer is also considered to be a water-dispersible
polymer.
[0019] The term "on", when used in the context of a coating applied
on a surface or substrate, includes both coatings applied directly
or indirectly to the surface or substrate. Thus, for example, a
coating applied to a primer layer overlying a substrate constitutes
a coating applied on the substrate.
[0020] Unless otherwise indicated, the term "polymer" includes both
homopolymers and copolymers (i.e., polymers of two or more
different monomers).
[0021] The term "comprises" and variations thereof do not have a
limiting meaning where these terms appear in the description and
claims.
[0022] The terms "preferred" and "preferably" refer to embodiments
of the invention that may afford certain benefits, under certain
circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred,
under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation
of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other
embodiments are not useful, and is not intended to exclude other
embodiments from the scope of the invention.
[0023] As used herein, "a," "an," "the," "at least one," and "one
or more" are used interchangeably. Thus, for example, a coating
composition that comprises "an" additive can be interpreted to mean
that the coating composition includes "one or more" additives.
[0024] Also herein, the recitations of numerical ranges by
endpoints include all numbers subsumed within that range (e.g., 1
to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, 5, etc.). Furthermore,
disclosure of a range includes disclosure of all subranges included
within the broader range (e.g., 1 to 5 discloses 1 to 4, 1.5 to
4.5, 1 to 2, etc.).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In one embodiment, the present description provides a
coating composition including at least a rheology modifier. In an
aspect, the rheology modifier described herein provides an improved
rheology profile or rheology behavior relative to conventional
coating compositions that do not include the disclosed rheology
modifier. Specifically, the composition with the rheology modifier
has a Leneta sag resistance of greater than about 14 and a Leneta
flow and leveling of at least 9 or greater than about 9, preferably
a Leneta sag resistance of at least about 16 and a Leneta flow and
leveling of at least about 10, and more preferably, a Leneta sag
resistance of greater than about 16 and a Leneta flow and leveling
of greater than about 10. In addition, the composition with the
rheology modifier has Stormer viscosity of less than about 120
Krebs units (KU), preferably about 90 to 120 KU.
[0026] In an embodiment, the present description provides a coating
composition including at least a rheology modifier. In an aspect,
the rheology modifier is a water-soluble polyurethane. The
water-soluble polyurethane is made by the condensation of at least
one poly(alkylene glycol), at least one polyisocyanate, and at
least one compound having the formula (I) or (II):
R--(OE).sub.m--OH (I)
In the compound of forumula (I) R is preferably one or more
aromatic moieties having between 2 and 5 phenyl rings, OE
preferably represents a polyethoxylated chain, and m is preferably
a whole number or fraction representing the number of OE units
present in the compound of formula (I).
[0027] In an embodiment, the R group of the compound of formula (I)
is a hydrophobic end group including preferably 2 to 5 phenyl
rings. In an aspect, the R group has about preferably 25 to 40
carbon atoms, more preferably 30 to 35 carbon atoms. In another
aspect, the R group is preferably a hydrophobe having a size of
preferably about 200 to 600, more preferably 300 to 500.
##STR00002##
[0028] In the compound of formula (II), the
[(EO).sub.m--(PO).sub.n--(BO).sub.p] moiety preferably represents a
polyalkoxylated chain including alkoxylated units chosen from among
ethoxylated units EO, propoxylated units PO, and butoxylated units
BO, where m, n and p are each independently either zero, or a whole
number between 2 and 250, and where the sum of m, n and p is
between 2 and 250. The composition with the rheology modifier has a
Leneta sag resistance of greater than about 14, preferably at least
16, and a Leneta flow and leveling of at least about 9, preferably
greater than about 9. In addition, the composition with the
rheology modifier has Stormer viscosity of less than about 120
Krebs units (KU).
[0029] As disclosed herein, the
[(EO).sub.m--(PO).sub.n--(BO).sub.p] moiety of the compound of
formula (II) is a polyalkoxyated chain having EO groups m units in
length, PO groups n units in length, and BO groups p units in
length. In an aspect, m, n, and p are each independently zero or an
integer or whole number between 1 and 250, preferably 2 and 20,
more preferably 3 and 15. In an aspect, the sum of m, n, and p is
between 2 and 250, preferably 2 and 20, more preferably 3 and
15.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the R group of formula (I) is a
tristyrylphenyl (TSP) group having the formula (III):
##STR00003##
[0031] In an embodiment, the present description provides a coating
composition including at least a rheology modifier. In an aspect,
the rheology modifier is a water-soluble polyurethane. The
water-soluble polyurethane is made by the condensation of at least
one poly(alkylene glycol), at least one polyisocyanate, and at
least one compound having the formula (I) above. Suitable
poly(alkylene glycols) include, without limitation, poly(ethylene
glycol), commonly known as PEG, poly(propylene glycol), and the
like. In a preferred aspect, the poly(alkylene glycol) is
poly(ethylene glycol). In an aspect, the PEG has weight average
molecular weight (Mw) of 2,000 to 20,000.
[0032] In an embodiment, the present description provides a coating
composition including at least a rheology modifier. In an aspect,
the rheology modifier is a water-soluble polyurethane. The
water-soluble polyurethane is made by the condensation of at least
one poly(alkylene glycol), at least one polyisocyanate, and at
least one compound having the formula (I) above. Suitable
polyisocyanates include, for example, polymers derived from
isocyanate-functional components including, for example, aliphatic
isocyanates, cycloaliphatic isocyanates, aromatic isocyanates, and
combinations thereof. The isocyanate-functional may include one or
more isocyanate moieties, and preferably includes two or more
isocyanate moieties (e.g., diisocyanates). Examples of specific
suitable compounds for the isocyanate-functional compound include
tetramethylene diisocyanates, hexamethylene diisocyanates,
cyclohexamethylene methylene cyclohexyl isocyanates, isophorone
diisocyanates, diisocyanates, toluene diisocyanates, methylene
diphenyl diisocyanates, methylene diphenyl diisocyanates, phenylene
diisocyanates, and combinations thereof.
[0033] Suitable polyisocyanates may also include polyisocyanates
derived from compounds that contain isocyanurate, biuret,
allophanate, iminooxadiazinedione, urethane, urea, or uretdione
groups. Polyisocyanates containing urethane groups, for example,
are obtained by reacting some of the isocyanate groups with
polyols, such as trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, and
glycerol, for example.
[0034] In an embodiment, the coating composition described herein
includes at least a rheology modifier. In an aspect, the rheology
modifier is a water-soluble polyurethane resulting from the
condensation of about 0.5 to 50 weight percent of at least one
compound having the formula (I), about 50 to 99.5 weight percent of
at least one poly(alkylene glycol), and about 0.5 to 50 weight
percent of at least one polyisocyanate. In a preferred aspect, the
water-soluble polyurethane results from the condensation of about 1
to 29 weight percent of at least one compound having the formula
(I), about 70 to 98 weight percent of at least one poly(alkylene
glycol) and about 1 to 29 weight percent of at least one
polyisocyanate, based on the total weight of the composition, i.e.
where the sum of the above weight percentages is equal to 100.
[0035] Coating compositions, including for example, paints,
lacquers, stains, varnishes, and the like, come in a variety of
finishes, corresponding to different levels of specular gloss.
Common finishes include flat, matte, eggshell, satin, silk,
semi-gloss, high-gloss, and the like. It is known in the art that
the finish is dependent on the rheological properties or
visco-elastic properties of the coating composition, including sag
resistance, the ability of the composition to flow and level, and
the viscosity of the composition. As illustrated in FIG. 1, when a
paint is first applied to a surface by conventional means, the
paint must have good initial sag resistance to avoid paint
curtaining, i.e. the paint must be able to resist the force of
gravity to prevent the paint flowing downwards and clumping at the
bottom of the wall like a curtain. The initial resistance to
gravity must transition into an ability to flow into a smooth
finish and then level out as the coating dries out into the final
finish.
[0036] Conventional paint formulations include rheology modifiers
to control visco-elastic properties. These formulations demonstrate
a strong correlation between sag resistance and flow and leveling.
Formulations that show excellent sag resistance behavior will have
poor flow and leveling, and inversely, formulations that have
excellent flow will show poor sag resistance properties. These
relationships translate into a lack of smoothness when the paint
formulation is applied to a substrate surface such as a wall.
[0037] Surprisingly, and in contrast to conventional expectations
of skilled artisans in the field, the water-soluble
polyurethane-based rheology modifier described herein shows both
excellent sag resistance and excellent flow and leveling behavior.
As a result, the coating compositions that include the described
rheology modifier show exceptionally smooth finish on
application.
[0038] Without limiting to theory, it is believed that the
improvement in sag resistance and flow and leveling behavior is a
result of the combination of the hydrophobic end group described
above and the length of the polyethoxylated chain linking the
hydrophone to the polyurethane backbone, i.e. the spacer length.
Spacer lengths of less than about 6 result in undesirably high
viscosity and poorer flow performance relative to a longer spacer
length of 10 for example. However, longer spacer lengths result in
poor sag resistance.
[0039] Accordingly, in an embodiment, the present description
provides a method to improve the sag and leveling of an aqueous
coating composition. The method includes steps of providing an
aqueous coating composition; and adding the water-soluble
polyurethane rheology modifier described herein to the composition
to provide a coating composition having a Leneta sag resistance of
at least about 14 and a Leneta flow and leveling of at least 9,
preferably Leneta sag resistance of at least about 16, and a Leneta
flow and leveling of at least about 10, and more preferably, Leneta
sag resistance of greater than about 16, and a Leneta flow and
leveling of greater than about 10.
[0040] In an embodiment, the rheology modifier described herein is
used in an aqueous or water-based coating composition. Examples of
such coating compositions include, without limitation, paints,
lacquers, varnishes, stains, waterproofing coatings, putties, base
coats, primer coats, thick coatings, thin films, and the like. A
suitable example of the coating composition described herein is a
latex-based paint system, such as a TiO.sub.2-containing
water-based latex paint system. Another suitable example of a
coating composition described herein is a latex-based clear base
paint formulation to be tinted to a desired color by the addition
of a suitable colorant, preferably at a point-of-sale. Useful
colorants for tinting base paints include colorants for use with
solvent-based paints, colorants for use with water-based paints,
and universal colorants which may be used with solvent-based and
water-based paints alike.
[0041] Coating compositions as described herein may be made by
conventional methods known to those of skill in the art. For
example, a water-based coating composition can be made by making a
pigment grind dispersion that includes one or more latex polymers
combined with a slurry of a pigment such as TiO.sub.2, for example.
The rheology modifier described herein is added to the pigment
grind dispersion, which is then made into a formulation of the
coating composition by the addition of adjuvants and other
additives conventional in the art. Such additives include one or
more of a surfactant, a defoaming agent, additives used to regulate
pH, coalescents or coalescing agents, extender pigments, biocides,
mildewcides, and the like.
[0042] In an embodiment, the present description provides
water-based latex base paints. A paint formulation of a desired
color may be made by adding a colorant composition to the
water-based latex base paint, such as for example, when a paint is
tinted to a desired color at a point of sale. Typically, the
viscosity of the base paint decreases when the colorant composition
is added, and therefore, the colored paint formulation will have a
lower viscosity and may have poor properties on application to a
substrate. Accordingly, in an aspect, the rheology modifier
described herein may be used in a method to improve the viscosity
of a colored or tinted paint and/or prevent the reduction in
viscosity that occurs when a tint or colorant is added to a
water-based latex base paint. The method includes steps of
providing a base paint formulation, adding a colorant formulation
to tint the base paint formulation to a desired color, and
adjusting the viscosity of the tinted base paint by addition of the
water-soluble polyurethane rheology modifier described herein.
[0043] The coating compositions described herein may be used in a
wide variety of applications, including for example, as a paint for
architectural surfaces (i.e. walls, ceilings, doors, trim, etc.),
drywall, masonry, wood, metal, plastics, and primed surfaces. In a
preferred aspect, the coating composition described herein is a
water-based latex paint for interior and/or exterior architectural
surfaces.
[0044] The coating compositions described herein may be applied to
one or more surfaces by conventional methods known to those of
skill in the art. Suitable examples include, without limitation,
application by aerosol spray, brush, roller, airless spray,
air-assisted spray, high volume low pressure (HVLP) spray, and the
like.
EXAMPLES
[0045] The invention is illustrated by the following examples. It
is to be understood that the particular examples, materials,
amounts, and procedures are to be interpreted broadly in accordance
with the scope and spirit of the inventions as set forth herein.
Unless otherwise indicated, all parts and percentages are by weight
and all molecular weights are weight average molecular weight.
Test Methods
[0046] Unless indicated otherwise, the following test methods were
utilized in the Examples that follow.
A. Leneta Sag Resistance
[0047] The sag resistance of the coating compositions described
herein is evaluated according to the method described in ASTM D4400
(Standard Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a
Multinotch Applicator), at room temperature. The results of this
test for coatings prepared according to the present invention are
presented in Table 2.
B. Leneta Flow and Leveling
[0048] The flow and leveling of the coating compositions described
herein is evaluated according to the method described in ASTM D4062
(Standard Test Method for Leveling of Paints by Draw-Down Method),
at room temperature. The results of this test for coatings prepared
according to the present invention are presented in Table 2.
C. Viscosity Testing
[0049] The viscosity of the coating compositions described herein
is evaluated according to the method described in ASTM D562-10
(Standard Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs
Unit (KU) Viscosity using a Stormer-type Viscometer). The results
of this test for coatings prepared according to the present
invention are presented in Tables 3 and 4.
Example 1
Preparation of Samples
[0050] Pigment grind dispersions were prepared by combining and
mixing the ingredients listed below in Table 1. In Table 1,
Comparative Example A refers to a composition made with one or more
conventional, commercially available urethane-based thickeners or
rheology modifiers, such as, for example, ACRYSOL.TM. RM825 (Dow
Chemical Company). Inventive Examples 1-5 represent compositions
made with the rheology modifiers of the invention that include
compounds of formula (I), with spacer lengths of 3, 8, 10, 15 and
25 respectively. All the inventive examples include the same
hydrophobic moiety, have the same particle size and particle
morphology.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Preparation of Pigment Grind Dispersions
Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Ingredient ple A ple 1 ple 2 ple 3
ple 4 INITIAL MIXTURE (PRE- LETDOWN): Water 67 67 67 67 67 Second
polymer 274 274 274 274 274 First polymer 154 154 154 154 154
Defoamer 1 1 1 1 1 TiO.sub.2 slurry (75 wt. 343 343 343 343 343 %
KRONOS .TM. 4310) Stir for 10-20 minutes GRIND: Water 28 28 28 28
28 Amine buffer 1 1 1 1 1 Solvent 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 Defoamer 1 1
1 1 1 Dispersant 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Extender Pigment 20 20 20 20
20 Preservative 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 Mix in High Speed Disperser 20
minutes LETDOWN (ADDED TO THE GRIND): Coalescent 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5
6.5 Surfactant 2 2 2 2 2 Mildewcide 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Mix 2
minutes Add to Pre-Letdown Water (to rinse 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5
grind kettle) Open time additive 10 10 10 10 10 HEUR "high shear"
40 40 40 40 40 thickener Acrysol RM825 3.4 Second low shear 0.5
HEUR thickener Low shear thickener 5.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 Opaque polymer
30 30 30 30 30 (ROPAQUE .TM. ULTRA) Wetting agent 1 1 1 1 1
Defoamer 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Water 54 54 54 54 54 TOTAL PARTS 1066
1067 1066 1066 1067
Example 2
Preparation of Samples
[0051] Pigment grind dispersions were prepared by combining and
mixing the ingredients listed below in Table 2. In Table 2,
Comparative Examples A and B refer to compositions made with one or
more conventional, commercially available urethane-based thickeners
or rheology modifiers, such as, for example, ACRYSOL.TM. RM825 (Dow
Chemical Company). Inventive Examples 1-5 represent compositions
made with the rheology modifiers of the invention that include
compounds of formula (II), with spacer lengths of 3, 8, 10, 15 and
40 respectively. All the inventive examples include the same
hydrophobic moiety, have the same particle size and particle
morphology.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Preparation of Pigment Grind Dispersions
Comparative Comparative Inventive Inventive Inventive Inventive
Inventive Ingredient Example A Example B Example 1 Example 2
Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 INITIAL MIXTURE Water 67 67 67 67 67
67 67 Second polymer 274 274 269 269 269 269 269 First polymer 154
154 154 154 154 152 154 Defoamer 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TiO2 slurry (75 wt.
% 343 343 343 343 343 343 343 Stir for 10-20 minutes GRIND: Water
28 28 28 28 28 28 28 Amine buffer 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Solvent 4.5 4.5 4.5
4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 Defoamer 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Dispersant 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
1.2 1.2 1.2 Extender Pigment 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Preservative 1.6
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 Mix in High Speed Disperser 20 minutes
LETDOWN (ADDED TO THE GRIND): Coalescent 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5
6.5 Surfactant 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Mildewcide 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Mix 2 minutes Add to Pre-Letdown Water (to rinse 18.5 18.5 18.5
18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 grind kettle) Open time additive 10 10 10 10 10
10 10 HEUR "high shear" 40 40 32 32 32 32 32 thickener Acrysol
RM825 3.4 3.5 Second low shear 0.5 0.4 HEUR thickener Inventive low
shear thickener 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 6.3 Opaque polymer 30 30 30 30 30
30 30 (ROPAQUE .TM. ULTRA) Wetting agent 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Defoamer 1.5
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Water 54 54 65 66 66 68 63 TOTAL PARTS 1066
1066 1065 1065 1065 1065 1065
Example 3
Performance Testing
[0052] The pigment grind dispersions from Examples 1 and 2 were
combined with additional ingredients, i.e. adjuvants and additives
needed to make finished paint formulations. The resulting paint
formulations were allowed to equilibrate for a minimum period of 18
hours. Following the equilibration period, films were cast and
evaluated for Leneta sag resistance and Leneta flow and leveling as
described above. The viscosity was also measured. The results
collected are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Results of Performance Testing (Example 1)
Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Evaluation ple A ple 1 ple 2 ple 3
ple 4 Low Shear Thickener 3 8 10 25 Spacer Length Stormer KU
Viscosity, 113 124.3 109.4 108.8 107 Krebs Leneta, Flow and 9 6 10
9 10 Leveling Leneta Anti-Sag 8 20 22 16 10 Resistance
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Results of Performance Testing (Example 2)
Comparative Comparative Inventive Inventive Inventive Inventive
Inventive Evaluation Example A Example B Example 1 Example 2
Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Low Shear 3 8 10 15 40 Thickener
Spacer Length Stormer KU 113 116 105.8 108.7 103 103.4 103
Viscosity, Krebs Leneta, Flow 9 9 10 9 9 10 10 and Leveling Lenta
Anti- 8 12 20 16 16 14 12 Sag Resistance
Example 4
Viscosity Loss in Clear Base Paint
[0053] Pigment grind dispersions were made as described in Example
2 but without TiO.sub.2. The dispersions were then combined with
additional ingredients to make clear base paint formulations. The
resulting base paint formulations were allowed to equilibrate and
then tinted with 12 ounces of colorant per gallon of paint using a
double strength organic red colorant. Loss in viscosity relative to
the formulation without colorant was measured along with Leneta sag
resistance and Leneta flow and leveling as described above. Results
are shown in Table 3.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Viscosity loss of clear base paint with
double strength organic red colorant Change in Flow and Example
viscosity (KU) Sag Leveling Comparative Example A -37.8 6 10
Inventive Example 1 -14.4 24 7 Inventive Example 2 -23.5 14 10
Inventive Example 3 -24.5 10 10 Inventive Example 4 -26.1 10 9
[0054] The complete disclosure of all patents, patent applications,
and publications, and electronically available material cited
herein are incorporated by reference. The foregoing detailed
description and examples have been given for clarity of
understanding only. No unnecessary limitations are to be understood
therefrom. The invention is not limited to the exact details shown
and described, for variations obvious to one skilled in the art
will be included within the invention defined by the claims. The
invention illustratively disclosed herein suitably may be
practiced, in some embodiments, in the absence of any element that
is not specifically disclosed herein.
* * * * *