U.S. patent application number 15/444387 was filed with the patent office on 2017-08-31 for lifting anchor for precast concrete structures.
This patent application is currently assigned to Midwest Concrete Masonry and Supply, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Midwest Concrete Masonry and Supply, Inc.. Invention is credited to Marinus Hansort.
Application Number | 20170247892 15/444387 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59679413 |
Filed Date | 2017-08-31 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170247892 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Hansort; Marinus |
August 31, 2017 |
LIFTING ANCHOR FOR PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Abstract
A lifting anchor for a precast concrete structure is made from a
single strand of metal bar stock. The anchor includes undulations
or waves that ensure proper engagement of the anchor in a desired
compressed concrete zone and also minimizes interference with the
pre-stressed strands in the concrete structure. The anchor can be
positioned in different orientations in the structures, depending
on functional requirements of particular structures, and can be
made from a single strand of bar stock of desired cross-sectional
thickness and shape (e.g., round or square). Also, the undulations
or waves in the legs of the anchor can extend in one or both
directions from a plane defined by the anchor's legs.
Inventors: |
Hansort; Marinus; (St. Pete
Beach, FL) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Midwest Concrete Masonry and Supply, Inc. |
Naperville |
IL |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Midwest Concrete Masonry and
Supply, Inc.
|
Family ID: |
59679413 |
Appl. No.: |
15/444387 |
Filed: |
February 28, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62301150 |
Feb 29, 2016 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04G 15/04 20130101;
E04G 21/142 20130101; E04B 1/20 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04G 21/14 20060101
E04G021/14; E04B 1/20 20060101 E04B001/20 |
Claims
1. A lifting anchor configured to be embedded in a precast concrete
structure, said lifting anchor comprising: a single strand of metal
bar stock bent to include a pair of elongated legs and a central
section that integrally interconnects the pair of elongated legs;
and wherein a lower end section of each of the pair of elongated
legs includes undulations that are configured to engage in a
compressed zone of a concrete structure resulting from prestressed
strands cast in the concrete structure and configured to minimize
interference with the prestressed strands.
2. The lifting anchor of claim 1, wherein the pair of elongated
legs extend from the central section in substantially parallel
alignment with each other.
3. The lifting anchor of claim 1, wherein the central section
comprises an inverted V shape configured to engage a lifting
chain.
4. The lifting anchor of claim 1, wherein the central section
separates the pair of elongated legs away from each other at a
spaced distance configured to dispose the pair of elongated legs on
opposing sides of a vertical arrangement of the prestressed strands
in the concrete structure
5. The lifting anchor of claim 1, wherein the central section and
upper sections of the pair of elongated legs define a common plane,
and wherein the undulations in the lower end sections of the pair
of elongated legs extend from at least one side of the common
plane.
6. The lifting anchor of claim 5, wherein the undulations are
defined by the lower end sections of the pair of elongated legs
bent to a wave shape with at least two wavelengths that extends
from a side of the common plane.
7. The lifting anchor of claim 1, wherein the pair of elongated
legs are configured to be disposed between the two vertical
arrangements of the prestressed strands.
8. The lifting anchor of claim 1, wherein the single strand
comprises one of a generally square cross-sectional bar stock and a
generally round cross-sectional bar stock.
9. An apparatus comprising: a precast concrete structure including
a surface-forming panel portion, a panel-reinforcing rib portion,
and prestressed strands disposed within the rib portion; a
plurality of lifting anchors positioned within the rib portion;
wherein the plurality of lifting anchors each comprise a single
strand of metal bar stock that includes a pair of parallel legs and
a leg-connecting section; and wherein a lower end section of each
of the pair of parallel legs includes undulations shaped to engage
in a compressed zone in the rib portion proximate the prestressed
strands.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the prestressed strands are
disposed at spaced locations along a length of the rib portion, and
wherein the leg-connecting section and upper sections of the pair
of parallel legs extend generally in a common plane.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the common plane extends
parallel to the prestressed strands.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the common plane extends
perpendicular to the prestressed strands.
13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the undulations extend from
at least one side of the common plane, and wherein the undulations
are configured to minimize interference with the prestressed
strands.
14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the leg-connecting section
separates the pair of parallel legs away from each other at a
spaced distance configured to dispose the pair of parallel legs on
opposing sides of the prestressed strands.
15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the undulations are defined
by the lower end sections of the pair of parallel legs each bent to
a wave shape with at least one wavelength.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the pair of parallel legs
are disposed between the two prestressed strands.
17. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the single strand comprises
one of a generally square cross-sectional bar stock and a generally
round cross-sectional bar stock.
18. A method of forming a concrete structure, said method
comprising: providing a plurality of lifting anchors that each
comprise a single strand of metal bar stock that includes a pair of
parallel legs and a leg-connecting section, wherein a lower end
section of the legs includes undulations bent into the single
strand; casting concrete to form a precast concrete structure that
includes a surface-forming panel portion, a panel-reinforcing rib
portion, and prestressed strands that extend along a length of the
rib portion; and wherein, prior to hardening of the precast
concrete structure, the plurality of lifting anchors are disposed
within the rib portion with the undulations positioned to engage a
compressed concrete zone in the precast concrete structure and to
minimize interference with prestressed strands in the concrete
structure.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the leg-connecting section and
upper sections of the pair of parallel legs extend generally in a
common plane.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein each of the plurality of
lifting anchors is positioned for its common plane to extend
generally parallel or perpendicular to the prestressed strands.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] The present application claims the filing benefit of U.S.
Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/301,150, filed Feb. 29, 2016,
which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention generally relates to lifting anchors
for precast concrete structures, and more particularly to lifting
anchors and assemblies for reinforced and/or prestressed concrete
beams, girders, slabs, columns, panels, and the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Precast concrete structures are often used in building
constructions, and lifting anchors are commonly embedded or cast in
the precast concrete structures to facilitate handling, since these
structures can be difficult to hoist and position due to their
weight, bulkiness, and susceptibility to damage, such as cracking,
chipping, and other breakage. With respect to prestressed concrete
structures, precompressed tensile zones of the structure can make
the structure more susceptible to damage during handling and
installation, such as when lifting anchors are ineffectively
designed and/or located to cause interference with the prestressed
strands embedded in the structure.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0004] The present invention provides a lifting anchor that is
configured to be embedded in a precast concrete structure, such as
a single-tee beam or double-tee slab or the like, that has
pretensioned or prestressed strands forming a compressed zone or
zones in the concrete structure. The lifting anchor includes a
single strand or piece of metal bar stock that is bent to have a
pair of elongated, parallel legs and a central section that
integrally interconnects the legs and is used as the attachment
point for connecting lifting chains or cables or the like. A lower
end section of each of the legs includes undulations, such as
waves, that are configured to engage the compressed zone in the
concrete structure in a manner that provides a stable and secure
lifting point and minimizes interference with the prestressed
strands. The lifting anchor may be positioned to straddle opposing
sides of the prestressed strands or to be disposed between spaced
apart prestressed strands, thus allowing the lifting anchor to
accommodate differently shaped and configured precast concrete
structures in a manner that prevents interference with the
prestressed strands.
[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a lifting
anchor is configured to be embedded in a precast concrete
structure. The lifting anchor includes a single strand of metal bar
stock that is bent to have a pair of elongated legs and a central
section that integrally interconnects the pair of elongated legs. A
lower end section of each of the pair of elongated legs includes
undulations that are configured to engage in a compressed zone of a
concrete structure resulting from prestressed strands cast in the
concrete structure and configured to minimize interference with the
prestressed strands.
[0006] According to another aspect of the present invention, an
apparatus includes a precast concrete structure that has a
surface-forming panel portion, a panel-reinforcing rib portion, and
prestressed strands disposed within the rib portion. A plurality of
lifting anchors are positioned within the rib portion, where the
plurality of lifting anchors each include a single strand of metal
bar stock that has a pair of parallel legs and a leg-connecting
section. A lower end section of each of the pair of parallel legs
includes undulations shaped to engage in a compressed zone in the
rib portion proximate the prestressed strands.
[0007] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a
method is provided for forming a concrete structure. The method
includes providing a plurality of lifting anchors that each have a
single strand of metal bar stock that includes a pair of parallel
legs and a leg-connecting section, where a lower end section of the
legs includes undulations bent into the single strand. Concrete is
cast to form a precast concrete structure that includes a
surface-forming panel portion, a panel-reinforcing rib portion, and
prestressed strands that extend along a length of the rib portion.
Prior to hardening of the precast concrete structure, the plurality
of lifting anchors are disposed within the rib portion with the
undulations positioned to engage a compressed concrete zone in the
precast concrete structure and to minimize interference with
prestressed strands in the concrete structure.
[0008] These and other objects, advantages, purposes, and features
of the present invention will become apparent upon review of the
following specification in conjunction with the drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a precast concrete
structure having a lifting anchor with legs disposed between spaced
apart arrangements of prestressed strands extending in the precast
concrete structure to position waves formed at ends of the legs at
a compressive zone formed by the prestressed strands, in accordance
with the present invention;
[0010] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a precast concrete
structure having an additional embodiment of a lifting anchor with
legs disposed on opposing sides of prestressed strands extending in
the precast concrete structure to position waves formed at ends of
the legs at a compressive zone formed by the prestressed strands,
in accordance with the present invention;
[0011] FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the lifting anchor
shown in FIG. 1;
[0012] FIG. 4 is an additional side elevational view of the lifting
anchor shown in FIG. 3;
[0013] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the lifting anchor shown in
FIG. 3;
[0014] FIG. 6 is another perspective view of the lifting anchor
shown in FIG. 3;
[0015] FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the lifting anchor shown in
FIG. 3;
[0016] FIG. 8 is a side elevational view of the lifting anchor
shown in FIG. 2;
[0017] FIG. 9 is an additional side elevational view of the lifting
anchor shown in FIG. 8;
[0018] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the lifting anchor shown in
FIG. 8;
[0019] FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the lifting anchor
shown in FIG. 8;
[0020] FIG. 12 is a top plan view of the lifting anchor shown in
FIG. 8;
[0021] FIG. 13 is an upper perspective view of an additional
embodiment of a lifting anchor having an attached void former;
[0022] FIG. 14 is a side elevational view of the lifting anchor
shown in FIG. 13;
[0023] FIG. 15 is an additional side elevational view of the
lifting anchor shown in FIG. 13;
[0024] FIG. 16 is a top plan view of the lifting anchor shown in
FIG. 13; and
[0025] FIG. 17 is a bottom plan view of the lifting anchor shown in
FIG. 13.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0026] Referring now to the drawings and the illustrative
embodiments depicted therein, a lifting anchor 10 (FIGS. 1 and
3-7), 110 (FIGS. 2 and 8-12), 210 (FIGS. 13-17) is configured to be
cast or embedded in a precast concrete structure 40, 140, such as a
single-tee beam (FIGS. 1 and 2) or double-tee slab or the like. The
precast concrete structure 40, 140 has pretensioned or prestressed
strands 42, 142 that form a compressed zone or zones in the
concrete structure 40, 140, which compress the concrete structure
longitudinally along and in a direction generally parallel to the
prestressed strands. The lifting anchor 10, 110 is embedded in the
precast concrete structure 40, 140 at or near the compressed zone
or zones to provide a secure anchor or attachment point for a lift
chain or cable or the like, while also minimizing interference with
the prestressed strands 42, 142. Further, the lifting anchor 10,
110 may be configured to be positioned to either be disposed
between spaced apart prestressed strands 42 (FIG. 1) or to straddle
opposing sides of closely arranged prestressed strands 142 (FIG.
2), thus allowing the lifting anchor to accommodate differently
shaped and configured precast concrete structures and pretensioning
arrangements, within the functional requirements of particular
structures.
[0027] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the concrete structures 40, 140
are similarly shaped and include a surface-forming panel portion
44, 144 and a panel-reinforcing rib portion 46, 146, where the
prestressed strands 42, 142 are disposed within and extend,
parallel to each other, along a length of the rib portion 46, 146.
The panel portion 44, 144 is configured to be generally
horizontally oriented, such as to form a base or support surface of
a road, building, or parking structure or the like. The rib portion
46, 146 extends along a lower section of the panel portion 44, 144
to provide support and reinforcement to the panel portion 44, 144,
thus increasing the load capacity of such a structure 40, 140.
[0028] As also illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the prestressed
strands 42, 142 extend generally horizontally through the concrete
structure 40, 140 and are each disposed or spaced in two vertical
arrangements or columns, with three strands spaced apart in a
generally vertical stacked arrangement. Thus, the prestressed
strands 42, 142 in each concrete structure 40, 140 form a
compressed zone that generally surrounds the prestressed strands
42, 142 in a lower section of the rib portion 46, 146. As generally
understood, the strands 42, 142 provide additional strength to the
structure 40, 140 by promoting compressive forces over tensile
forces and provide stress distribution along the concrete
structures 40, 140 to help prevent flexural cracking and to
counteract tension due to expected gravity loads, such as
self-weight, superimposed dead loads, live loads, and the like. It
is understood that the concrete structure in accordance with the
present invention may be cast in various alternative shapes and
pretensioning arrangements, such as with more or few strands and/or
differently arranged strands.
[0029] With further reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the lifting anchor
10, 110 or strand lifter is embedded in the precast concrete
structure 40, 140 to facilitate lifting and handling of the
structure 40, 140. The illustrated lifting anchor 10, 110 is made
from a single strand or piece of metal bar stock that is bent or
otherwise formed to have a pair of elongated, parallel legs 12, 112
and a central, leg-connecting section 14, 114 that integrally
interconnects the legs 12, 112 and is used as an attachment point
for connecting lifting chains or cables or the like. The single
strand of metal bar stock that forms the illustrated lifting anchor
10, 110 has a generally square cross-sectional shape. However, it
is contemplated that the lifting anchor in additional embodiments
can be made from a single strand of bar stock of desired
cross-sectional thickness and shape, such as round or rectangular
or the like. The central section 14, 114 includes an inverted V
shape that is configured to be positioned as the uppermost portion
of the lifting anchor 10, 110 to be exposed by a void or cavity 48,
148 or otherwise not embedded in the concrete structure 40, 140.
Thus, the legs 12, 112 are generally vertically arranged or
disposed in the concrete structure to be generally perpendicular to
the horizontally extending prestressed strands 42, 142. A lower end
section 12a, 112a of each of the legs 12, 112 includes undulations
16, 116 that are configured to engage the compressed zone in the
rib portion 46, 146 of the concrete structure 40, 140 in a manner
that provides a stable and secure connection with the concrete
structure 40, 140 and minimizes interference with the prestressed
strands 42, 142.
[0030] The lifting anchor 10 can be positioned to extend between
spaced apart prestressed strands 42, such as shown in FIG. 1, and
the lifting anchor 110 can be positioned to straddle opposing sides
of the prestressed strands 142, such as shown in FIG. 2. Multiple
lifting anchors may be arranged along the concrete structure to
provide multiple lifting points for the particular structure. It is
conceivable that the lifting anchor in other embodiments may be
arranged in different orientations, such as by lifting anchors
engaging a single structure in alternating orientations along a
length of the structure or by the lifting anchor accommodating
differently shaped and configured precast concrete structures.
[0031] With reference to the lifting anchor 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and
3-7, the prestressed strands 42 are arranged with the two vertical
arrangements or columns spaced apart laterally a sufficient
distance to accommodate the legs 12 between the vertical
arrangements of strands 42. The central, leg-connecting section 14
and upper sections 12b of the legs 12 extend generally in a common
plane that extends longitudinally along the concrete structure 10
in substantial parallel alignment to the prestressed strands 42.
The undulations 16 at the lower end sections 12a of the legs 12 are
each provided as a wave shape that extends generally within the
common plane defined by the legs 12. Further, the undulations
protrude laterally outward from a plane P.sub.1 (FIG. 3) defined by
a linear extension of each of the upper sections 12b of the legs
12. Thus, the planes P.sub.1 defined separately by each of the legs
12 are generally perpendicular to the common plane extending
between the legs 12, such that the undulations 16 in the planes
P.sub.1 disperse the loads applied by using the lifting anchor 10
to the concrete structure vertically along the undulations 16. As
such, the undulations 16 protrude away from the planes P.sub.1
generally in the direction of the compressive forces in the
concrete structure that are applied by the prestressed strands 42,
thereby minimizing interference with the prestressed strands
42.
[0032] The wave shape of the undulations 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and
3-7 include an amplitude defined between crests 16a, 16b (FIG. 3)
of the wave, where the interior crests 16b are generally aligned
with the plane P.sub.1 defined at each of the legs 12 and the
exterior crests 16a extend from the plane P.sub.1 a sufficient
distance to provide a strong, secure, and minimally intrusive
anchor point. Further, the illustrated undulations 16 at the lower
end sections 12a of the elongated legs are substantially mirror
images of each other, and both lower end sections 12a of the legs
12 of the lifting anchor 10 are formed to provide waves that
protrude laterally outwardly from each of the legs 12. Again, as
illustrated in FIG. 1, the entire lifting anchor 10 extends
generally within a common plane that is substantially parallel to
the longitudinal direction of the strands 42, positioning the
undulations 16 to extend longitudinally within the concrete
structure 40. It is also contemplated that the undulations in
additional embodiments of the lifting anchor may be differently
shaped, such as with non-mirrored shapes and more or fewer
wavelengths, such as a single wavelength or three wavelengths,
among other conceivable shapes.
[0033] In an additional embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8-12,
the prestressed strands 142 are arranged with the two vertical
arrangements or columns spaced closed together at a sufficient
distance to allow the legs 112 to straddle opposing sides of the
vertical arrangements of the prestressed strands 142. As such, the
central, leg-connecting section 114 is shaped to separate the pair
of parallel legs 112 away from each other at a spaced distance
configured to dispose the legs 112 on opposing sides of the
prestressed strands 142. Thus, the common plane P.sub.2 (FIG. 9)
that is defined by the central, leg-connecting section 114 and the
upper sections 112b of both of the legs 112 extends substantially
perpendicular to the prestressed strands 142.
[0034] With reference to FIGS. 2 and 8-12, the lifting anchor 110
is formed from bending a single strand of generally square
cross-sectional shaped bar stock to provide a central section 114
and a pair of elongated, parallel legs 112 that integrally extend
from the central section 114. As shown in FIG. 9, the central upper
sections 112b of the legs 112 define a common plane P.sub.2, where
the undulations 116 at the lower end sections 112a of the legs 112
extend only from one side of the common plane P.sub.2. The
undulations 116 at the lower end sections 112a of legs 112 are bent
to a wave shape generally equally on both side of legs 112. As
illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 9, the plane P.sub.2 extends generally
perpendicularly to the strands 142, such that and the waves extend
in generally parallel alignment with the opposing vertical
arrangements of strands 142. The undulations 116 shown in FIGS.
9-12 are bent to a wave shape with wavelengths that extend two
portions 16a, 16b (shown as crests of the wave) from each of the
legs 112, with one side of the crests 16a generally aligned with
the common plane P.sub.2. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, the undulations
116 protrude generally in the direction of the compressive forces
in the concrete structure 140 that are applied by the prestressed
strands 142, thereby dispersing the loads applied by using the
lifting anchor 110 to the concrete structure 140 vertically along
the undulations 116 and minimizing interference with the
prestressed strands 142.
[0035] As shown in FIGS. 13-17, an additional embodiment of a
lifting anchor 210 is provided that has a generally round or
circular cross-sectional shape, and further the central,
leg-connecting section 214 and upper sections 212b of the legs 212
extend generally in a common plane P.sub.3 (FIG. 14) that may
extend substantially parallel or perpendicular to prestressed
strands extending within a concrete structure. The undulations 216
at the lower end sections 212a of the legs 212 are each provided as
a wave shape that disperses the loads applied by using the lifting
anchor 210 to the concrete structure vertically along the
undulations 216 so as to prevent the load from being concentrated
on a single strand and thereby minimizing interference with the
prestressed strands. The wave shape of the undulations 216 are
shown to include at least two wavelengths, where the wave shape of
the undulations 216 have an amplitude defined between crests 216a,
216b (FIG. 3) of the wave, which may be configured to be is less
than a lateral spacing between two vertical arrangements or columns
of the prestressed strands cast in a concrete structure. It is
contemplated that the undulations may include more or fewer
wavelengths, such as a single wavelength or three wavelengths,
among other conceivable shapes.
[0036] As shown in FIG. 14, the undulations 216 at the lower end
sections 212a of the elongated legs 212 extend generally equally
from both sides of the common plane P.sub.3, as defined by the
central section 214 and upper sections 212b of the legs 212. Thus,
both lower end sections 212a of the legs 212 of the lifting anchor
210 are formed to provide waves that protrude from both sides of
the common plane P.sub.3. When the plane P.sub.3 is arranged to
extend generally parallel to the strands in a precast structure,
the waves extend toward and perpendicular to the longitudinal
direction of the strands. The undulations 216 shown in FIGS. 13-17
are bent or formed or cast to a wave shape with at least two
wavelengths that extend two portions 216a, 216b (shown as crests of
the wave) of each of the legs 212 from both sides of the common
plane P.sub.3.
[0037] As further shown in FIGS. 13-17, the lifting anchor 210 has
a recess-forming member or void former 218 engaged with the central
section 214 of the lifting anchor 210 to conceal the central
section 214 of the lifting anchor 210. When the concrete structure
cures and hardens (from wet/fluid concrete in the concrete form),
the void former 218 is removed to provide a cavity, such as shown
as the cavities 48, 148 in FIGS. 1 and 2 at the upper surface of
the concrete structure 40, 140, to exposes the central section 214
of the anchor member 212. The illustrated void former 218 includes
openings that receive the outwardly-angled portions of the central
section 214 to prevent intrusion of fluid concrete during the
casting process. The void former 218 and lifting anchor 210 are
configured to be disposed in the cast concrete, so that the central
section 214 does not protrude above an outer flat surface of the
concrete structure. Recess-forming members or void formers are
generally known, such as provided in U.S. Design Pat. No. D559,499,
which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
[0038] For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "upper," "lower,"
"right," "left," "rear," "front," "vertical," "horizontal," and
derivatives thereof shall relate to the invention as oriented in
FIG. 1. However, it is to be understood that the invention may
assume various alternative orientations, except where expressly
specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the
specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached
drawings, and described in this specification are simply exemplary
embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended
claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical
characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are
not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state
otherwise.
[0039] Changes and modifications in the specifically described
embodiments may be carried out without departing from the
principles of the present invention, which is intended to be
limited only by the scope of the appended claims as interpreted
according to the principles of patent law. The disclosure has been
described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood
that the terminology which has been used is intended to be in the
nature of words of description rather than of limitation. Many
modifications and variations of the present disclosure are possible
in light of the above teachings, and the disclosure may be
practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
* * * * *