U.S. patent application number 15/051154 was filed with the patent office on 2017-08-24 for user equipment assisted indoor small cell location determination.
The applicant listed for this patent is AT&T Mobility II LLC. Invention is credited to Yung Shirley Choi-Grogan, Hongyan Lei, Cheng P. Liu, David Orloff.
Application Number | 20170245115 15/051154 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59629631 |
Filed Date | 2017-08-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170245115 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lei; Hongyan ; et
al. |
August 24, 2017 |
USER EQUIPMENT ASSISTED INDOOR SMALL CELL LOCATION
DETERMINATION
Abstract
Performing user equipment (UE) assisted indoor small cell
location determination is presented herein. A method can include in
response to sending, by an access point device, a request directed
to a mobile device to obtain mobile device location data
representing a user equipment location of the mobile device,
receiving, by the access point device, the mobile device location
data from the mobile device; and based on the mobile device
location data, determining, by the access point device, access
point location data representing an access point location of the
access point device. In an example, the mobile device location data
can include coordinates of the mobile device comprising latitude of
the mobile device and longitude of the mobile device, and a time
stamp representing a time of generation of the coordinates. In
another example, the mobile device location data can include an
altitude of the mobile device.
Inventors: |
Lei; Hongyan; (Plano,
TX) ; Choi-Grogan; Yung Shirley; (Issaquah, WA)
; Liu; Cheng P.; (Johns Creek, GA) ; Orloff;
David; (Sammamish, WA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
AT&T Mobility II LLC |
Atlanta |
GA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
59629631 |
Appl. No.: |
15/051154 |
Filed: |
February 23, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04W 4/021 20130101;
H04W 4/30 20180201; H04W 4/90 20180201; H04W 64/006 20130101; H04W
4/023 20130101; H04W 4/33 20180201 |
International
Class: |
H04W 4/04 20060101
H04W004/04 |
Claims
1. A method, comprising: in response to sending, by an access point
device comprising a processor, a request directed to a mobile
device to obtain mobile device location data representing a mobile
device location of the mobile device, receiving, by the access
point device, the mobile device location data from the mobile
device; assigning, by the access point device, the mobile device
location data to access point location data comprising an access
point location of the access point device, wherein the access point
location comprises the mobile device location; and in response to
receiving, by the access point device from a handset corresponding
to a public switched telephone network service, a call that has
been directed to a recipient device associated with a location
based service, sending the access point location comprising the
mobile device location directed to the recipient device to
facilitate a performance of the location based service.
2. The method for claim 1, wherein the mobile device location data
comprises a time stamp representing an established time of
generation of the mobile device location data, and wherein the
assigning the mobile location to the access point location data
comprises determining whether the time stamp satisfies a defined
condition with respect to a request time corresponding to the
sending the request.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the assigning comprises: in
response to determining that the time stamp satisfies the defined
condition with respect to the request time, selecting the mobile
device location data as confirmed location data; and assigning the
confirmed location data to the access point location data.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: broadcasting, by the
access point device, the confirmed location data to a neighbor
access point device.
5. The method of claim 2, further comprising: in response to
determining that the time stamp does not satisfy the defined
condition with respect to the request time, selecting, by the
access point device, selected mobile device location data as
estimated location data, wherein the selected mobile device
location data is associated with mobile devices comprising the
mobile device; and assigning, by the access point device, the
estimated location data to the access point location data.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile device location data
comprises coordinates of the mobile device and a time stamp
representing a time of generation of the coordinates.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the coordinates comprise a
latitude of the mobile device and a longitude of the mobile
device.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the mobile device location data
comprises an altitude of the mobile device.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in response to the
assigning the mobile location data to the access point location
data, periodically sending, by the access point device, the request
directed to the mobile device.
10-20. (canceled)
21. An access point device, comprising: a processor; and a memory
that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the
processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: in
response to sending a message directed to a first user equipment
requesting the first user equipment to send user equipment location
data representing a user equipment location of the first user
equipment, receiving the user equipment location data from the
first user equipment; assigning the user equipment location data to
access point location data representing an access point location of
the access point device, wherein the access point location
comprises the user equipment location of the first user equipment;
and in response to receiving, from a second user equipment
associated with a public switched telephone network service, a call
that has been directed to a device corresponding to a location
based service, sending the access point location comprising the
user equipment location directed to the device for facilitation of
a performance of the location based service.
22. The access point device of claim 21, wherein the operations
further comprise: determining whether a time stamp representing a
time of generation of the user equipment location data satisfies a
defined condition with respect to the sending of the message.
23. The access point device of claim 22, wherein the assigning
comprises: in response to determining that the time stamp satisfies
the defined condition with respect to the sending of the message,
assigning the user equipment location data to the access point
location data as a confirmed access point location.
24. The access point device of claim 23, wherein the operations
further comprise: broadcasting the confirmed access point location
to a neighbor access point device.
25. The access point device of claim 22, wherein the assigning
comprises: in response to determining that the time stamp does not
satisfy the defined condition with respect to the sending of the
message, polling a group of user equipments comprising the first
user equipment to obtain an estimated access point location; and
assigning the estimated access point location to the access point
location data.
26. The access point device of claim 21, wherein the user equipment
location data comprises coordinates of the first user
equipment.
27. The access point device of claim 21, wherein the user equipment
location data comprises an altitude of the first user
equipment.
28. The access point device of claim 21, wherein the operations
further comprise: sending requests for measurement reports directed
to the first user equipment.
29. A machine-readable storage medium, comprising executable
instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate
performance of operations, comprising: in response to sending, by
an access point device, a request for first location data directed
to a mobile device, receiving, by the access point device, the
first location data from the mobile device, wherein the first
location data represents a mobile device location of the mobile
device; assigning, by the access point device, the first location
data to second location data representing an access point location
of the access point device; and in response to receiving, by the
access point device from an apparatus corresponding to a public
switched telephone network service, a phone call that has been
directed to a recipient device, sending, by the access point device
during the call, the second location data representing the access
point location to the recipient device to facilitate a location
based service with respect to the access point location.
30. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 29, wherein the
assigning comprises: in response to determining that a time
corresponding to a derivation of the first location data satisfies
a defined condition with respect to the receiving of the first
location data, assigning the first location data to the second
location data as a confirmed location.
31. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 29, wherein the
assigning comprises: in response to determining that a time
corresponding to a derivation of the first location data does not
satisfy a defined condition with respect to the receiving of the
first location data, polling a group of mobile devices comprising
the mobile device to obtain an estimated location; and assigning
the estimated location to the second location data.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The subject disclosure generally relates to embodiments for
user equipment (UE) assisted indoor small cell location
determination.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Enhanced 911 (E911) services estimate a location of a 911
caller to assist with dispatching emergency personnel. Although
global positioning system (GPS) based receivers can be utilized to
obtain the location of the 911 caller, use of such receivers in
indoor small cells, e.g., associated with home/residential network
environments, associated with enterprise/business network
environments, etc. has been limited due to cost,
reduced/nonexistent indoor GPS signal reception within a building,
etc. Consequently, conventional indoor small cell based
technologies have had some drawbacks, some of which may be noted
with reference to the various embodiments described herein
below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] Non-limiting embodiments of the subject disclosure are
described with reference to the following figures, wherein like
reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various views
unless otherwise specified:
[0004] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an emergency
telecommunication service network environment, in accordance with
various embodiments;
[0005] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a small cell access
point (AP) device environment, in accordance with various
embodiments;
[0006] FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of neighboring small cell
AP devices, in accordance with various embodiments;
[0007] FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of small cell AP devices
in a building after an initialization of such devices, in
accordance with various embodiments;
[0008] FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of a group of the small
cell AP devices in the building that have derived confirmed
location information, in accordance with various embodiments;
[0009] FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of another group of the
small cell AP devices in the building that have derived estimated
location information, in accordance with various embodiments;
[0010] FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of yet another group of
the small cell AP devices in the building that have derived
estimated location information, in accordance with various
embodiments;
[0011] FIGS. 8-11 illustrate flow diagrams of methods associated
with a small cell AP device, in accordance with various
embodiments; and
[0012] FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram representing an
illustrative non-limiting computing system or operating environment
in which one or more aspects of various embodiments described
herein can be implemented.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] Aspects of the subject disclosure will now be described more
fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which example embodiments are shown. In the following description,
for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set
forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various
embodiments. However, the subject disclosure may be embodied in
many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the
example embodiments set forth herein.
[0014] An enterprise/business network environment, a
home/residential network environment (e.g., comprising a Wireless
Home Phone (WHP) service), etc. can utilize a small cell AP that is
connected to phone equipment in an office or residence to support
"wire line" phone service via a cellular network. The small cell AP
can be taken to another location, e.g., another business location,
on vacation, e.g., in a recreational vehicle (RV), a hotel room,
etc. for maintaining the cellular enabled wire line phone service
while traveling, etc. Although international call roaming is not
enabled for small cell access points (APs), conventional small cell
AP technologies support routing of emergency calls, e.g., 911
calls, etc. using wireless Enhanced 911, E-911, or E911 processes
that link emergency callers with appropriate public resources.
[0015] In this regard, under wireless E911 Phase I and Phase II
milestones issued by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission
(FCC), wireless network operators must identify the phone number
and cell phone tower used by emergency callers (Phase I), and
wireless network operators must provide the latitude and longitude
of callers, e.g., within 300 meters of the caller. (Phase II). Such
location information is not only transmitted to a call center,
e.g., Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), for the purpose of
sending emergency services to the scene of an incident, but is also
used by wireless network operators to determine which PSAP to route
9-1-1 calls.
[0016] As described above, conventional small cell networks have
had some drawbacks with respect to supporting wireless E911
services--due to reduced and/or nonexistent indoor, e.g., GPS,
signal reception. Various embodiments disclosed herein can support
and/or enhance small cell based emergency, e.g., E911, etc.
services by utilizing UE assisted indoor small cell location
determination. In addition, such location determination can be used
to support commercial, non-emergency location based applications,
e.g., user location monitoring, location based advertising,
etc.
[0017] For example, a method can comprise: sending, by a small cell
access point device comprising a processor, e.g., a WHP device, a
request directed to a UE, mobile device, etc. to obtain UE location
data, e.g., coordinates (latitude, longitude, etc.) obtained via a
positioning system (e.g., GPS), information representing an
altitude of the UE, etc. In this regard, as the small cell AP
device can have a small transmit power/wireless coverage area
capability, the small cell AP device can request UE location data
from a UE that is in communication with the small cell AP device,
e.g., the UE being close, substantially close, very close, e.g.,
within a few meters, of the small cell AP device.
[0018] In an embodiment, the method can comprise periodically
sending, by the small cell access point device, the request to the
UE, e.g., based on a defined processing wake-up interval, sampling
interval, etc. of the small cell access point device. In another
embodiment, the method can comprise sending, by the small cell
access point device, the request to the UE based on defined events
associated with the small cell access, e.g., in response to power
on reset, rebooting, etc. of the small cell access point device.
Further, in response to the sending the request, the method can
comprise receiving, by the small cell access point device, the
location data from the UE, and determining, by the small cell
access point device based on the UE location data, access point
location data representing an access point location of the small
cell access point device, e.g., for servicing of an emergency
telecommunication, e.g., for servicing an E911 call received from a
handset coupled to the small cell access point device.
[0019] In one embodiment, the UE location data comprises a time
stamp representing an established time of generation of the UE
location data, and the determining the access point location data
can comprise determining whether the time stamp satisfies a defined
condition with respect to a request time corresponding to the
sending the request.
[0020] In this regard, in response to determining that the time
stamp satisfies the defined condition with respect to the request
time, e.g., in response to determining that the UE location data
was measured in "real time", within a few seconds, etc. of the
sending the request to the UE, the method can comprise selecting,
by the small cell access point device, the UE location data as
confirmed location data, and assigning, by the small cell access
point device, the confirmed location data to the access point
location data, e.g., for servicing the E911 call received from the
handset coupled to the small cell access point device. As mentioned
above, the small cell access point device can use the UE location
data as the access point location, e.g., since the UE has been
determined to be close, substantially close, etc. to the small cell
access point device, e.g., which has a low transmit power/wireless
coverage area.
[0021] In one embodiment, the method can comprise receiving, by the
small cell access point device, multiple UE location data, e.g.,
location reports, from respective user equipments wireless coupled
to the small cell access point device. In this regard, the method
can comprise selecting UE location data from the location reports
corresponding to a defined radio frequency (RF), electromagnetic,
etc. condition, e.g., the selected UE location data corresponding
to a UE determined to be closest to the small cell access point
device based on a determined RF condition of the UE.
[0022] In another embodiment, in response to determining that the
time stamp does not satisfy the defined condition with respect to
the request time, e.g., in response to determining that the UE
location data is "old", e.g., was likely measured, based on a
request from another small cell access point device, when the UE
could receive a positioning system, e.g., GPS, signal near an
entrance/exterior wall of the building, the method can comprise
selecting, by the small cell access point device, selected UE
location data as estimated location data, . Further, the method can
comprise assigning, by the small cell access point device, the
estimated location data to the access point location data, e.g.,
for servicing the E911 call received from the handset coupled to
the small cell access point device.
[0023] In yet another embodiment, the method can comprise
broadcasting, sending, etc., by the small cell access point device,
the confirmed location data, the estimated location data, etc. to a
neighboring small cell access point device, e.g., which is
proximate to, in wireless communication with, etc. the small cell
access point device. In this regard, the neighboring small cell
access point device can use the confirmed location data or
estimated location data for servicing an E911 call via the
neighboring small cell access point device.
[0024] Another embodiment can comprise an access point device,
e.g., a small cell access point device coupled, e.g., wired, to a
handset, comprising: a processor and a memory that stores
executable instructions that, when executed by the processor,
facilitate performance of operations, comprising: sending, e.g.,
periodically, during a restart/reboot of the access point device,
etc. a message directed to a user equipment requesting the user
equipment to send a measurement report to the access point
device--the measurement report comprising user equipment location
data, e.g., coordinates (latitude, longitude, etc.) obtained via a
position system (e.g., a GPS system), an altitude, etc.
representing a user equipment location of the UE. Further, in
response to the sending the message, the operations can comprise
receiving the measurement report from the UE, and in response to
the receiving the measurement report, determining access point
location data representing an access point location of the access
point device, e.g., for servicing an E911 call that has been dialed
from the handset.
[0025] In one embodiment, the measurement report comprises a time
stamp representing a time of determination, derivation, etc. of the
user equipment location data, and the operations further comprise
determining whether the time stamp satisfies a defined condition
with respect to the sending the message. In this regard, in
response to determining that the time stamp satisfies the defined
condition, e.g., in response to determining that the user equipment
location data has been measured, determined, derived, etc. within a
defined period of time from the sending the message, e.g., within a
few seconds, the operations can comprise assigning the user
equipment location data to the access point location data as a
confirmed access point location, e.g., for servicing the E911
call.
[0026] In another embodiment, in response to determining that the
time stamp does not satisfy the defined condition, the operations
can comprise polling a group of user equipments (UEs) comprising
the user equipment to obtain location reports comprising UE
location data for the group of UEs. In this regard, the operations
can comprise selecting a location report of the location reports
corresponding to a defined RF, electromagnetic, etc. condition with
respect to communication between the access point device and the
UEs, e.g., representing a UE that is closest, etc. to the access
point device. Further, the operations can comprise obtaining an
estimated access point location based on the selected location
report, and assigning the estimated access point location to the
access point location data, e.g., for servicing the E911 call.
[0027] In yet another embodiment, the operations can further
comprise broadcasting the confirmed access point location or the
estimated access point location to a neighbor access point device,
e.g., for servicing an E911 call that has been dialed from a
handset coupled to the neighbor access point device.
[0028] One embodiment can comprise a machine-readable storage
medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a
processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: in
response to sending, by an access point device, e.g., coupled to a
WHP handset, a request for a measurement report directed to a
mobile device, e.g., cellular phone, UE, etc., receiving, by the
access point device, the measurement report from the mobile
device--the measurement report comprising information, e.g., GPS
based coordinates, an altitude, etc. representing a mobile device
location of the mobile device. Further, the operations can comprise
determining, by the access point device based on the information,
an access point location of the access point device.
[0029] In an embodiment, the operations can further comprise: in
response to determining that a time corresponding to a derivation
of the measurement report satisfies a defined condition with
respect to the receiving the measurement report, assigning the
mobile device location to the access point location as a confirmed
location of the access point device.
[0030] In another embodiment, the operations can further comprise:
in response to determining that the time corresponding to the
derivation of the measurement report does not satisfy the defined
condition, polling a group of mobile devices comprising the mobile
device to obtain an estimated location, and assigning the estimated
location to the access point location.
[0031] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment,"
or "an embodiment," means that a particular feature, structure, or
characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is
included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the
phrase "in one embodiment," or "in an embodiment," in various
places throughout this specification are not necessarily all
referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular
features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any
suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0032] Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "includes," "has,"
"contains," and other similar words are used in either the detailed
description or the appended claims, such terms are intended to be
inclusive--in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as an open
transition word--without precluding any additional or other
elements. Moreover, the term "or" is intended to mean an inclusive
"or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless specified
otherwise, or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is intended to
mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X
employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then "X employs
A or B" is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In
addition, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and
the appended claims should generally be construed to mean "one or
more" unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be
directed to a singular form.
[0033] As utilized herein, terms "component," "system,"
"interface," and the like are intended to refer to a
computer-related entity, hardware, software (e.g., in execution),
and/or firmware. For example, a component can be a processor, a
process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a
program, a storage device, and/or a computer. By way of
illustration, an application running on a server and the server can
be a component. One or more components can reside within a process,
and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed
between two or more computers.
[0034] Further, components can execute from various computer
readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The
components can communicate via local and/or remote processes such
as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets
(e.g., data from one component interacting with another component
in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network,
e.g., the Internet, with other systems via the signal).
[0035] As another example, a component can be an apparatus with
specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by
electric or electronic circuitry; the electric or electronic
circuitry can be operated by a software application or a firmware
application executed by one or more processors; the one or more
processors can be internal or external to the apparatus and can
execute at least a part of the software or firmware application. As
yet another example, a component can be an apparatus that provides
specific functionality through electronic components without
mechanical parts; the electronic components can include one or more
processors therein to execute software and/or firmware that
confer(s), at least in part, the functionality of the electronic
components.
[0036] Aspects of systems, apparatus, and processes explained
herein can constitute machine-executable instructions embodied
within a machine, e.g., embodied in a computer readable medium (or
media) associated with the machine. Such instructions, when
executed by the machine, can cause the machine to perform the
operations described. Additionally, the systems, processes, process
blocks, etc. can be embodied within hardware, such as an
application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or the like.
Moreover, the order in which some or all of the process blocks
appear in each process should not be deemed limiting. Rather, it
should be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art
having the benefit of the instant disclosure that some of the
process blocks can be executed in a variety of orders not
illustrated.
[0037] Furthermore, the word "exemplary" and/or "demonstrative" is
used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or
illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the subject matter
disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any
aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" and/or
"demonstrative" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or
advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meant to
preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known to
those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0038] The disclosed subject matter can be implemented as a method,
apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming
and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware,
hardware, or any combination thereof to control a computer to
implement the disclosed subject matter. The term "article of
manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer
program accessible from any computer-readable device,
computer-readable carrier, or computer-readable media. For example,
computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to,
magnetic storage devices, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magnetic
strip(s); optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital video disc
(DVD), Blu-ray Disc (BD)); smart card(s); and flash memory
device(s) (e.g., card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device
that emulates a storage device and/or any of the above
computer-readable media.
[0039] Artificial intelligence based systems, e.g., utilizing
explicitly and/or implicitly trained classifiers, can be employed
in connection with performing inference and/or probabilistic
determinations and/or statistical-based determinations as in
accordance with one or more aspects of the disclosed subject matter
as described herein. For example, an artificial intelligence system
can be used, via small cell access point device 110 (see below), to
determine whether a time stamp representing a time of determination
of user equipment location data satisfies a defined condition.
[0040] A classifier can be a function that maps an input attribute
vector, x=(x1, x2, x3, x4, xn), to a confidence that the input
belongs to a class, that is, f(x)=confidence (class). Such
classification can employ a probabilistic and/or statistical-based
analysis (e.g., factoring into the analysis utilities and costs) to
infer an action that a user desires to be automatically performed.
In the case of communication systems, for example, attributes can
be information received from access points, servers, components of
a wireless communication network, etc., and the classes can be
categories or areas of interest (e.g., levels of priorities). A
support vector machine is an example of a classifier that can be
employed. The support vector machine operates by finding a
hypersurface in the space of possible inputs, which the
hypersurface attempts to split the triggering criteria from the
non-triggering events. Intuitively, this makes the classification
correct for testing data that is near, but not identical to
training data. Other directed and undirected model classification
approaches include, e.g., naive Bayes, Bayesian networks, decision
trees, neural networks, fuzzy logic models, and probabilistic
classification models providing different patterns of independence
can be employed. Classification as used herein can also be
inclusive of statistical regression that is utilized to develop
models of priority.
[0041] In accordance with various aspects of the subject
specification, artificial intelligence based systems, components,
etc. can employ classifiers that are explicitly trained, e.g., via
a generic training data, etc. as well as implicitly trained, e.g.,
via observing characteristics of communication equipment, e.g., a
gateway, wireless communication device, etc., receiving reports
from such communication equipment, receiving operator preferences,
receiving historical information, receiving extrinsic information,
etc. For example, support vector machines can be configured via a
learning or training phase within a classifier constructor and
feature selection module. Thus, the classifier(s) can be used by an
artificial intelligence system to automatically learn and perform a
number of functions, e.g., performed by small cell access point
device 110 (see below).
[0042] As used herein, the term "infer" or "inference" refers
generally to the process of reasoning about, or inferring states
of, the system, environment, user, and/or intent from a set of
observations as captured via events and/or data. Captured data and
events can include user data, device data, environment data, data
from sensors, sensor data, application data, implicit data,
explicit data, etc. Inference can be employed to identify a
specific context or action, or can generate a probability
distribution over states of interest based on a consideration of
data and events, for example.
[0043] Inference can also refer to techniques employed for
composing higher-level events from a set of events and/or data.
Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions
from a set of observed events and/or stored event data, whether the
events are correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the
events and data come from one or several event and data sources.
Various classification schemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector
machines, neural networks, expert systems, Bayesian belief
networks, fuzzy logic, and data fusion engines) can be employed in
connection with performing automatic and/or inferred action in
connection with the disclosed subject matter.
[0044] Aspects, features, and/or advantages of the disclosed
subject matter can be exploited in substantially any wireless
telecommunication or radio technology, e.g., Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.XX technology,
e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc; worldwide interoperability for
microwave access (WiMAX); enhanced general packet radio service
(enhanced GPRS); third generation partnership project (3GPP) long
term evolution (LTE); third generation partnership project 2
(3GPP2); ultra mobile broadband (UMB); 3GPP universal mobile
telecommunication system (UMTS); high speed packet access (HSPA);
high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA); high speed uplink packet
access (HSUPA); LTE advanced (LTE-A), global system for mobile
communication (GSM), near field communication (NFC), Wibree, Wi-Fi
Direct, etc.
[0045] Further, selections of a radio technology, or radio access
technology, can include second generation (2G), third generation
(3G), fourth generation (4G), etc. evolution of the radio access
technology; however, such selections are not intended as a
limitation of the disclosed subject matter and related aspects
thereof. Further, aspects, features, and/or advantages of the
disclosed subject matter can be exploited in disparate
electromagnetic frequency bands. Moreover, one or more embodiments
described herein can be executed in one or more network elements,
such as a mobile wireless communication device, e.g., user
equipment (UE), WHP device, etc. and/or within one or more elements
of a network infrastructure, e.g., radio network controller,
wireless access point (AP), etc.
[0046] Moreover, terms like "user equipment" (UE), "mobile
station", "mobile subscriber station", "access terminal",
"terminal", "handset", "appliance", "machine", "wireless
communication device", "cellular phone", "personal digital
assistant", "smartphone", "wireless device", "WHP device", and
similar terminology refer to a wireless communication device, or
wireless device, which is at least one of (1) utilized by a
subscriber, customer, etc. of a wireless service, or communication
service, to receive and/or convey data associated with storage of
objects within a voice, video, sound, and/or substantially any
data-stream or signaling-stream; or (2) utilized by a subscriber of
a voice over internet protocol (VoIP) service that delivers voice
communications over internet protocol (IP) networks such as the
Internet or other packet-switched networks. Further, the foregoing
terms are utilized interchangeably in the subject specification and
related drawings.
[0047] Likewise, the terms "local wireless communications cite,"
"access point" (AP), "base station," "Node B," "eNodeB," "home Node
B" (HNB), "home access point" (HAP), and the like are utilized
interchangeably in the subject specification and drawings and refer
to a wireless network component or apparatus that sends and/or
receives data associated with voice, video, sound, and/or
substantially any data-stream or signaling-stream between a set of
subscriber stations and/or to/from a wireless communication
device--unless context warrants particular distinction(s) among the
terms. Further, the data and signaling streams can be packetized or
frame-based flows.
[0048] A communication network, e.g., emergency telecommunication
service network environment 100 (see below), for systems, methods,
and/or apparatus disclosed herein can include any suitable mobile
and/or wireline-based circuit-switched communication network
including a global systems for mobile communication (GSM) network,
a time division multiple access (TDMA) network, a code division
multiple access (CDMA) network, such as IS-95 and subsequent
iterations of CDMA technology, an integrated digital enhanced
network (iDEN) network and a public switched telephone network
(PSTN). Further, examples of the communication network can include
any suitable data packet-switched or combination data
packet/circuit-switched communication network, wired or wireless IP
network such as a VoLTE network, a VoIP network, an IP data
network, a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS)
network, a general packet radio service (GPRS) network, or other
communication networks that provide streaming data communication
over IP and/or integrated voice and data communication over
combination data packet/circuit-switched technologies.
[0049] Similarly, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate
that a wireless system e.g., a wireless communication device, small
cell access point device 110, etc. for systems, methods, and/or
apparatus disclosed herein can include a WHP based device, a mobile
device, a mobile phone, a 4G, etc. cellular communication device, a
PSTN phone, a cellular communication device, a cellular phone, a
satellite communication device, a satellite phone, a VoIP phone,
Wi-Fi phone, a dual-mode cellular/Wi-Fi phone, a combination
cellular/VoIP/Wi-Fi/WiMAX/WHP phone, a portable computer, or any
suitable combination thereof. Specific examples of a wireless
system can include, but are not limited to, a cellular device, such
as a GSM, TDMA, CDMA, IS-95 and/or iDEN phone, a cellular/Wi-Fi/WHP
device, such as a dual-mode GSM, TDMA, IS-95 and/or iDEN/VoIP
phones, UMTS phones, UMTS VoIP phones, or like devices or
combinations thereof
[0050] To provide support for the wireless system, the
communication network can include a gateway routing component (not
shown) that can include any suitable component that can perform
centralized routing within a mobile, satellite, or similar network
(but optionally need not include components that route strictly
within a PSTN network), routing between communication networks,
between networks of varying architecture (e.g., between PSTN, GSM,
UMTS, WHP, Enterprise VoIP, the Internet, or combinations thereof),
and the like. Specific examples of a gateway routing component can
include, but are not limited to, a gateway mobile switching center
(GMSC), a gateway GPRS support node (GGSN), a session border
control (SBC) device, or like devices. Additionally, a data storage
component of such system(s), device(s), etc. can include any
suitable device, process, and/or combination device that can store
digital and/or switched information (e.g., server, data store
component, or the like).
[0051] Now referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a block diagram (100) of an
emergency telecommunication service network environment, and a
block diagram (200) of a small cell access point device environment
are illustrated, respectively, in accordance with various
embodiments. In this regard, small cell access point device 110 can
obtain geo-location, e.g., latitude, longitude, altitude, etc. data
from a UE (e.g., 120, 230, 240), and based on such data, derive its
location for supporting E911 regulatory requirements. As
illustrated by FIG. 1, small cell access point device 110 can be
coupled to wireless network 130 via wireless link 115. Wireless
link 115 can be an over-the-air wireless link 115 comprising a
downlink (DL) and an uplink (UL) (both not shown) that can utilize
a predetermined band of radio frequency (RF) spectrum associated
with, e.g., GSM, 3GPP UMTS, etc. Accordingly, small cell access
point device 110 can be a GSM and/or 3GPP UMTS based device,
etc.
[0052] Further, wireless network 130 can include software and/or
hardware configured to provide connectivity to/from small cell
access point device 110 and calibration component 140. In this
regard, emergency telecommunication service network environment 100
can include one or more: macro, femto, or pico access points (APs)
(not shown); base stations (BS) (not shown); landline networks
(e.g., optical landline networks, electrical landline networks)
(not shown) communicatively coupled to calibration component 140
and components of small cell access point device 110.
[0053] In various embodiments, small cell access point device 110
can communicate via any number of various types of wireless
technologies including, but not limited to, cellular, WiFi, WiMax,
wireless local area networks (WLAN), femto, etc. In corresponding
embodiments, wireless network 130 can provide cellular, WiFi,
WiMAX, WLAN, and/or other technologies for facilitating such
communication. Further, wireless network 130 can include one or
more of the Internet (or another communication network (e.g.,
IP-based network)), or a digital subscriber line (DSL)-type or
broadband network facilitated by Ethernet or other technology,
e.g., for communicating with one or more components of calibration
component 140 and small cell access point device 110, e.g., a WHP
handset (not shown) coupled to small cell access point device
110.
[0054] In various embodiments, emergency telecommunication service
network environment 100 can include hardware and/or software for
allocating resources to small cell access point device 110, e.g.,
converting or enforcing protocols, establishing and/or providing
levels of Quality of Service (QoS), providing applications or
services via wireless network 130, translating signals, and/or
performing other desired functions to facilitate system
interoperability and communication to and from small cell access
point device 110.
[0055] Wireless network 130 can include data store component(s), a
memory configured to store information, and/or computer-readable
storage media storing computer-executable instructions enabling
various operations performed via small cell access point device 110
and various components described herein. In this regard, although
geo-location data store 145 is illustrated as being separate from
wireless network 130, wireless network 130 can include one or more
portions of geo-location data store 145. Further, although
illustrated as being separate from wireless network 130, one or
more other aspects, components, etc. of emergency telecommunication
service network environment 100 can be included in wireless network
130.
[0056] Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, in various embodiment(s),
small cell access point device 110 can comprise a WHP device
installed in building 105. In this regard, an existing, e.g.,
public switch telephone network (PSTN) based, landline based, etc.
corded/cordless telephone (not shown) can be plugged into small
cell access point device 110, which can send/receive telephone
calls directed to the landline based telephone via wireless network
130.
[0057] In one embodiment, a number of small cell access point
devices, e.g., see FIG. 4 and related discussion below, can be
deployed within building 105. In this regards, such devices can
comprise a low power/lower wireless coverage area capacity wireless
node, and such node can service cellular communications, e.g.,
compatible with an outdoor macro cell (not shown), with a cellular
communication device (not shown), etc.
[0058] Small cell access point device 110 can comprise polling
component 210 and data store 220. Polling component 210 can send a
message, e.g., a Radio Resource Control (RRC) based message,
directed to a UE (e.g., 120, 230, 240) within a wireless coverage
area from small cell access point device 110 to obtain location
data from the UE. In this regard, based on the message, polling
component 210 can receive a measurement report from the UE
comprising the location data, e.g., comprising coordinates (e.g.,
latitude, longitude) and a timestamp corresponding to derivation of
the coordinates.
[0059] In an embodiment, polling component 210 can send messages,
e.g., RRC based messages, directed to UEs (e.g., 120, 230, 240)
wireless coupled to small cell access point device 110. Further,
based on such messages, polling component 210 can receive UE
location data, e.g., location reports, from the UEs.
[0060] In response to receiving the measurement report from the UE,
the UE location data from the UEs, etc. small cell access point
device 110 can determine, assign, etc., based on the measurement
report, the UE location data, etc. access point location data
representing a location of small cell access point device 110. In
one embodiment, small cell access point device 110 can select UE
location data from the location reports corresponding to a defined
RF, electromagnetic, etc. condition, e.g., the selected UE location
data corresponding to a UE determined to be close, substantially
close, closest, e.g., within a few meters, to small cell access
point device 110 based on a determined RF condition of the UE.
[0061] In this regard, small cell access point device 110 can store
the access point location data, e.g., as Mobility E911 Phase II
location information representing a latitude and longitude of small
cell access point device 110, in data store 220. As illustrated by
FIG. 1, calibration component 140 can retrieve, e.g., via wireless
network 130, via a wired/wireless backhaul link (not shown)
comprising fiber optic link(s)/microwave link(s), the access point
location data from data store 220 and store such data in a
centralized location, e.g., geo-location data store 145, e.g., for
reporting--during an emergency call made via small cell access
point 110--the Mobility E911 Phase II location information to a
Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), e.g., public safety answering
point component 150, e.g., for the purpose of requesting emergency
services be sent to building 105.
[0062] In an embodiment, small cell access point device 110 can
determine, based on the time stamp, whether the location data
received from the UE was measured in "real time", e.g., within a
few seconds, from the sending of the message to the UE. In this
regard, in response to determining that the time stamp was measured
in real time, small cell access point device 110 can select the
location data received from the UE as confirmed location data, and
assign the confirmed location data to the access point location
data, e.g., for servicing an E911 call received via small cell
access point device 110.
[0063] In another embodiment, polling component 210 can send
messages, e.g., RRC based messages, to a group of UEs (e.g., 120,
230, 240) to obtain group location data, measurement reports, etc.
from the group of UEs. Further, in response to determining (e.g.,
based on respective time stamps of the group location data, based
on the measurement reports, etc.) that selected data of the group
location data was measured in real time, corresponds to a defined
RF, electromagnetic, etc. condition with respect to communication
between small cell access point device 110 and a UE of the group of
UEs (e.g., representing the UE that close to, closest, within a few
meters of, etc. small cell access point device 110), etc. polling
component 210 can select a measurement report from the group
location data, measurement reports, etc. corresponding to a UE that
is associated with a defined, e.g., good, best, etc. radio
frequency (RF) condition(s), etc.
[0064] In yet another embodiment, in response to determining that
the time stamp of the UE was not measured in real time, e.g., in
response to determining that the location data is "old data", e.g.,
was likely measured, determined, etc. by the UE when the UE could
receive a positioning system, e.g., GPS, signal near an
entrance/exterior wall of building 105, polling component 210 can
select--as estimated location data--a location that corresponds to,
is located within, etc. a geo-location reported by a majority of
the group of UEs. Further, polling component 210 can assign the
estimated location data to the access point location data, e.g.,
for servicing the E911 call.
[0065] In one embodiment, once small cell access point device 110
has determined, assigned, etc. the confirmed/estimated location
data to the access point location data, polling component 210 can
periodically re-determine, re-assign, etc. the confirmed/estimated
location data as described above.
[0066] Now referring to FIG. 3, a block diagram (300) of
neighboring small cell access point devices is illustrated, in
accordance with various embodiments. The neighboring small cell
access point devices (e.g., 110, 310) can be proximate to, in
wireless communication with, etc. each other, and include
respective neighbor cell components (e.g., 230, 340) that can
send/receive information between the neighboring small cell access
point devices. In an embodiment, a neighbor cell component (230,
340) can broadcast, send, etc. confirmed/estimated location data
from a source small cell access point device (110, 310) to a
neighboring, or target, small cell access point device (310, 110).
In another embodiment, the target small cell access point can poll,
e.g., via polling component 210, respective UEs to obtain
confirmed/estimated location data as described above. In this
regard, if the target small cell access point device cannot obtain
confirmed/estimated location data from a UE, the target small cell
access point device can "chain" the location of its nearest
neighbor, e.g., receive a broadcast of confirmed/estimated location
data from the source small cell access point device, and assign, as
estimated location data based on a distributed chaining algorithm,
process, etc. (see below), the received location data to access
point location data of the target small cell access point
device.
[0067] In this regard, the target small cell access point device
can use the received location data for servicing an E911 call.
FIGS. 4 to 7 illustrate an example of the distributed chaining
process for a group of small cell access point devices (110, 402,
404, 406, 408, 410, 412, 414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424, 426, 428,
430, 432, 434, 436, 438) located within building 105. As
illustrated by FIG. 4, the group of small cell access point device
have been initialized, assigned, etc., e.g., after power up, a
location matrix comprising a location chaining stratum=infinite
(I), and location coordinates=NULL.
[0068] In an embodiment, when a small cell access point access
point device updates its location matrix, it can broadcast the
location matrix to neighbor small cell access point device(s)
utilizing, e.g., an LTE X2 based interface, a point-to-point (P2P)
neighbor interface of other technologies, etc. For example, as
illustrated by FIG. 5, when four corner cells (110, 408, 430, and
438) each obtain a respective confirmed location, they update their
location matrices, e.g., location chaining stratum=0 and location
coordinates=the respective confirmed location.
[0069] Further, as illustrated by FIG. 6, the four corner cells
broadcast their location matrix to respective neighbor small cell
access point devices (402, 410, 406, 418, 420, 432, 428, 436). In
this regard, each neighbor small cell access point device that
receives a location matrix from a sending cell having a location
chaining stratum=0, updates its location chaining stratum=1, and
updates its location coordinates=sending cell's location
coordinates.
[0070] In embodiment(s), a neighbor small cell access point device
that receives a location matrix from a sending cell having a
location chaining stratum=1, updates its location chaining
stratum=2, and its location coordinates=sending cell's location
coordinates. In other embodiment(s), when the neighbor cell access
point device receives a location matrix from the sending cell
having a location chaining stratum=infinite and location
coordinates=estimated location, the neighbor cell access point
device updates its location chaining stratum=infinite, and its
location coordinates=sending cell's estimated location
coordinates.
[0071] In yet other embodiment(s), when a small cell access point
device receives a location matrix broadcast, the small cell access
point device can compare the received neighbor location chaining
stratum (denoted by M) with its own stratum (denoted by N). If
M+1<N, then the small cell access point device updates its
location stratum to M+1, and its location to the received neighbor
location data, e.g., as a "chained location." Otherwise, no update
is performed.
[0072] In an embodiment, when a new small cell access point device
is added to an existing group, e.g., of building 105, the new small
cell access point device can request, poll, etc., e.g., via a
neighbor cell component (e.g., 230, 340), a location matrix from
neighbor small cell access point device(s).
[0073] In other embodiment(s), the distributed chaining algorithm
can be used to propagate other information, attribute(s), etc.
within a group of nodes, e.g., the group of small cell access point
devices, etc.
[0074] As illustrated by FIG. 7, some small cells access point
devices can update their location matrix several times, e.g., until
convergence. For example, if small cell access point device 412
(`c`) initially receives a location matrix broadcast from small
cell access point device 410 (`a`), then small cell access point
device 412 can update its location chaining stratum=2 by chaining
the location matrix of small cell access point device 410
associated with location chaining stratum=1. Later, when small cell
access point device 412 receives a location matrix broadcast from
small cell access point device 422 (`b`) associated with location
chaining stratum=2, small cell access point device 412 can keep its
location matrix without any update.
[0075] In another example, if small cell access point device 412
initially receives a location matrix broadcast from small cell
access point device 422, then small cell access point device 412
can update its location chaining stratum=3 by chaining the location
matrix of small cell access point device 422 associated with
location chaining stratum=2. Later, when small cell access point
device 422 receives a location matrix broadcast from small cell
access point device 410, then small cell access point device 422
can update its location chaining stratum=2 by chaining the location
matrix of small cell access point device 410 associated with small
cell access point device 410.
[0076] In an embodiment, if a small cell access point device
determines that it does not have any neighbor small cell access
point device, and determines that it does not have a confirmed
location, then the small cell access point device can update its
location chaining stratum=infinite, and location
coordinates=estimated location, e.g., such location coordinates
being assigned, e.g., by calibration component 140, via
geo-location data store 145. In one embodiment, in response to
calibration component 140 determining that the small cell access
point device does not have any neighbor small cell access point
devices, calibration component 140 can determine the estimated
location based on a confirmed location assigned to a small cell
access point device located near an entrance/exterior wall of the
building.
[0077] In this regard, and now referring now to FIG. 3, calibration
component 140 can be configured to derive, for each new building
with small cell access point device(s) installed, location data,
calibration data, etc. for the small cell access point device(s),
e.g., using an estimated location and/or a confirmed location of a
small cell access point device, e.g., doorway cell, located near a
doorway/exterior wall of the building.
[0078] In one embodiment, calibration component 140 can receive,
e.g., periodically, calibration data, e.g., an address of building
105, GPS coordinates of building 105, respective timestamps
representing derivation of such information, confirmed location
information of respective small access point devices, etc. Further,
calibration component 140 can update geo-coding data store 145 with
such information for calibration of data of geo-location data store
145, e.g., for calibration of a physical address of building 105,
the doorway cell, confirmed/estimated location information of small
cell access point device(s) of building 105, etc.
[0079] In another embodiment, in response to restart, reboot,
initialization, re-initialization, etc. of small cell access point
device(s) of building 105, e.g., in response to receiving
notification of such events from the small cell access point
device(s), calibration component 140 can automatically,
dynamically, etc. update, calibrate, etc. geo-location data store
145 with confirmed/estimated location information of the small call
access point device(s).
[0080] In an embodiment, calibration component 140 can poll,
periodically via wireless network 130, small cell access point
device(s) included in building 105 to obtain portion(s) of the
calibration data. In this regard, if calibration component 140
determines that no response to the polling has been received,
calibration component 140 can initiate removal of a building
address from geo-location data store 145, initiate a message,
warning, etc. directed to various components, devices, etc. of
emergency telecommunication service network environment 100, e.g.,
indicating no response to the polling has been received,
recommending removal of the building address from geo-location data
store 145, etc.
[0081] FIGS. 8-11 illustrate methodologies in accordance with the
disclosed subject matter. For simplicity of explanation, the
methodologies are depicted and described as a series of acts. It is
to be understood and appreciated that the subject innovation is not
limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the order of acts. For
example, acts can occur in various orders and/or concurrently, and
with other acts not presented or described herein. Furthermore, not
all illustrated acts may be required to implement the methodologies
in accordance with the disclosed subject matter. In addition, those
skilled in the art will understand and appreciate that the
methodologies could alternatively be represented as a series of
interrelated states via a state diagram or events. Additionally, it
should be further appreciated that the methodologies disclosed
hereinafter and throughout this specification are capable of being
stored on an article of manufacture to facilitate transporting and
transferring such methodologies to computers. The term article of
manufacture, as used herein, is intended to encompass a computer
program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or
media.
[0082] Referring now to FIGS. 8-10, processes 800-1000 performed by
system(s), and/or component(s) described herein, e.g., small cell
access point device 110, are illustrated, in accordance with
various embodiments. At 810, an access point device, e.g., WHP
device, can send a request directed to a mobile device, UE, etc. to
obtain mobile device location data representing a mobile device
location of the mobile device. At 820, the access point device can
receive the mobile device location data from the mobile device--the
mobile device location data comprising GPS based coordinates and a
time stamp representing an established time of generation of the
mobile device location data.
[0083] Flow continues from 820 to 910, at which it can be
determined whether the time stamp satisfies a defined condition
with respect to a request time corresponding to the sending of the
request. In this regard, if it is determined that the time stamp
satisfies the defined condition, e.g., the GPS based coordinates
were measured in "real time," e.g., within a few seconds of the
request time, then flow continues to 920, at which the mobile
device location data, e.g., the GPS based coordinates, can be
selected by the access point device as confirmed location data;
otherwise, flow continues to 1010. Flow continues from 920 to 930,
at which the access point device can assign the confirmed location
data to access point location data representing an access point
location of the access point device.
[0084] Referring now to 1010, selected mobile device location data
can be selected by the access point device as estimated location
data--the selected mobile device location data being associated
with a group of mobile devices comprising the mobile device. In
this regard, in an embodiment, the estimated location data can
represent a location that corresponds to, is located within, etc. a
geo-location reported by a majority of the group of mobile devices.
Flow continues from 1010 to 1020, at which the access point device
can assign the estimated location data to the access point location
data.
[0085] Now referring to FIG. 11, a process (1100) for performing a
distributed chaining algorithm used to propagate location
information within a group of small cell access point devices is
illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment. At 1110, a location
matrix of an access point device, e.g., of the group of small cell
access point devices, can be initialized at power up. In this
regard, a location chaining stratum of the location matrix can be
set to "infinite", and location coordinates of the location matrix
can be set to "NULL", e.g., representing an undefined value.
[0086] At 1120, it can be determined whether the access point
device of the group of small cell access point devices received a
location matrix broadcast from a neighbor access point device. If
it is determined that the access point device received the location
matrix, then flow continues to 1130; otherwise flow returns to
1120.
[0087] At 1130, it can be determined whether a location chaining
stratum (M)+1 of the received location matrix is less than a
location chaining stratum (N) of the access point device. In this
regard, if is determined that M+1 <N, then flow continues to
1140, at which the access point device can update N=M +1, and
update the access point device location=received neighbor location
data; otherwise, flow returns to 1120.
[0088] As it employed in the subject specification, the term
"processor" can refer to substantially any computing processing
unit or device comprising, but not limited to comprising,
single-core processors; single-processors with software multithread
execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-core processors
with software multithread execution capability; multi-core
processors with hardware multithread technology; parallel
platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory.
Additionally, a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, an
application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal
processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a
programmable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic
device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete
hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform
the functions and/or processes described herein. Processors can
exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to,
molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in
order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of mobile
devices. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of
computing processing units.
[0089] In the subject specification, terms such as "store," "data
store," data storage," "database," and substantially any other
information storage component relevant to operation and
functionality of a component and/or process, refer to "memory
components," or entities embodied in a "memory," or components
comprising the memory. It will be appreciated that the memory
components described herein can be either volatile memory or
nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile
memory.
[0090] By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile
memory, for example, can be included in geo-location data store
145, data store 220, data store 330, non-volatile memory 1222 (see
below), disk storage 1224 (see below), and/or memory storage 1246
(see below). Further, nonvolatile memory can be included in read
only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically
programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or
flash memory. Volatile memory 1220 can include random access memory
(RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration
and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as
synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM
(SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM
(ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).
Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methods
herein are intended to comprise, without being limited to
comprising, these and any other suitable types of memory.
[0091] In order to provide a context for the various aspects of the
disclosed subject matter, FIG. 12, and the following discussion,
are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable
environment in which the various aspects of the disclosed subject
matter can be implemented. While the subject matter has been
described above in the general context of computer-executable
instructions of a computer program that runs on a computer and/or
computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the subject
innovation also can be implemented in combination with other
program modules. Generally, program modules include routines,
programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular
tasks and/or implement particular abstract data types.
[0092] Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
inventive systems can be practiced with other computer system
configurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor
computer systems, mini-computing devices, mainframe computers, as
well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices (e.g., PDA,
phone, watch), microprocessor-based or programmable consumer or
industrial electronics, and the like. The illustrated aspects can
also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks
are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through
a communications network; however, some if not all aspects of the
subject disclosure can be practiced on stand-alone computers. In a
distributed computing environment, program modules can be located
in both local and remote memory storage devices.
[0093] With reference to FIG. 12, a block diagram of a computing
system 1200 operable to execute the disclosed components, systems,
devices, etc., e.g., small cell access point device 110,
calibration component 140, polling component (210, 320), neighbor
cell component (230, 340), public safety answering point component
150, etc. is illustrated, in accordance with an embodiment.
Computer 1212 includes a processing unit 1214, a system memory
1216, and a system bus 1218. System bus 1218 couples system
components including, but not limited to, system memory 1216 to
processing unit 1214. Processing unit 1214 can be any of various
available processors. Dual microprocessors and other multiprocessor
architectures also can be employed as processing unit 1314.
[0094] System bus 1218 can be any of several types of bus
structure(s) including a memory bus or a memory controller, a
peripheral bus or an external bus, and/or a local bus using any
variety of available bus architectures including, but not limited
to, Industrial Standard Architecture (ISA), Micro-Channel
Architecture (MSA), Extended ISA (EISA), Intelligent Drive
Electronics (IDE), VESA Local Bus (VLB), Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI), Card Bus, Universal Serial Bus (USB), Advanced
Graphics Port (AGP), Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association bus (PCMCIA), Firewire (IEEE 1394), Small Computer
Systems Interface (SCSI), and/or controller area network (CAN) bus
used in vehicles.
[0095] System memory 1216 includes volatile memory 1220 and
nonvolatile memory 1222. A basic input/output system (BIOS),
containing routines to transfer information between elements within
computer 1212, such as during start-up, can be stored in
nonvolatile memory 1222. By way of illustration, and not
limitation, nonvolatile memory 1222 can include ROM, PROM, EPROM,
EEPROM, or flash memory. Volatile memory 1220 includes RAM, which
acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not
limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as SRAM, dynamic
RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR
SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus
direct RAM (RDRAM), direct Rambus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus
dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
[0096] Computer 1212 also includes removable/non-removable,
volatile/non-volatile computer storage media. FIG. 12 illustrates,
for example, disk storage 1224. Disk storage 1224 includes, but is
not limited to, devices like a magnetic disk drive, floppy disk
drive, tape drive, Jaz drive, Zip drive, LS-100 drive, flash memory
card, or memory stick. In addition, disk storage 1224 can include
storage media separately or in combination with other storage media
including, but not limited to, an optical disk drive such as a
compact disk ROM device (CD-ROM), CD recordable drive (CD-R Drive),
CD rewritable drive (CD-RW Drive) or a digital versatile disk ROM
drive (DVD-ROM). To facilitate connection of the disk storage
devices 1224 to system bus 1218, a removable or non-removable
interface is typically used, such as interface 1226.
[0097] It is to be appreciated that FIG. 12 describes software that
acts as an intermediary between users and computer resources
described in suitable operating environment 1200. Such software
includes an operating system 1228. Operating system 1228, which can
be stored on disk storage 1224, acts to control and allocate
resources of computer system 1212. System applications 1230 take
advantage of the management of resources by operating system 1228
through program modules 1232 and program data 1234 stored either in
system memory 1216 or on disk storage 1224. It is to be appreciated
that the disclosed subject matter can be implemented with various
operating systems or combinations of operating systems.
[0098] A user can enter commands or information into computer 1212
through input device(s) 1236. Input devices 1236 include, but are
not limited to, a pointing device such as a mouse, trackball,
stylus, touch pad, keyboard, microphone, joystick, game pad,
satellite dish, scanner, TV tuner card, digital camera, digital
video camera, web camera, cellular phone, user equipment,
smartphone, and the like. These and other input devices connect to
processing unit 1214 through system bus 1218 via interface port(s)
1238. Interface port(s) 1238 include, for example, a serial port, a
parallel port, a game port, a universal serial bus (USB), a
wireless based port, e.g., WiFi, Bluetooth.RTM., etc. Output
device(s) 1240 use some of the same type of ports as input
device(s) 1236.
[0099] Thus, for example, a USB port can be used to provide input
to computer 1212 and to output information from computer 1212 to an
output device 1240. Output adapter 1242 is provided to illustrate
that there are some output devices 1240, like display devices,
light projection devices, monitors, speakers, and printers, among
other output devices 1240, which use special adapters. Output
adapters 1242 include, by way of illustration and not limitation,
video and sound devices, cards, etc. that provide means of
connection between output device 1240 and system bus 1218. It
should be noted that other devices and/or systems of devices
provide both input and output capabilities such as remote
computer(s) 1244.
[0100] Computer 1212 can operate in a networked environment using
logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote
computer(s) 1244. Remote computer(s) 1244 can be a personal
computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a workstation, a
microprocessor based appliance, a peer device, or other common
network node and the like, and typically includes many or all of
the elements described relative to computer 1212.
[0101] For purposes of brevity, only a memory storage device 1246
is illustrated with remote computer(s) 1244. Remote computer(s)
1244 is logically connected to computer 1212 through a network
interface 1248 and then physically and/or wirelessly connected via
communication connection 1250. Network interface 1248 encompasses
wire and/or wireless communication networks such as local-area
networks (LAN) and wide-area networks (WAN). LAN technologies
include Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), Copper Distributed
Data Interface (CDDI), Ethernet, Token Ring and the like. WAN
technologies include, but are not limited to, point-to-point links,
circuit switching networks like Integrated Services Digital
Networks (ISDN) and variations thereon, packet switching networks,
and Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL).
[0102] Communication connection(s) 1250 refer(s) to
hardware/software employed to connect network interface 1248 to bus
1218. While communication connection 1250 is shown for illustrative
clarity inside computer 1212, it can also be external to computer
1212. The hardware/software for connection to network interface
1248 can include, for example, internal and external technologies
such as modems, including regular telephone grade modems, cable
modems and DSL modems, wireless modems, ISDN adapters, and Ethernet
cards.
[0103] The computer 1212 can operate in a networked environment
using logical connections via wired and/or wireless communications
to one or more remote computers, cellular based devices, user
equipment, smartphones, or other computing devices, such as
workstations, server computers, routers, personal computers,
portable computers, microprocessor-based entertainment appliances,
peer devices or other common network nodes, etc. The computer 1212
can connect to other devices/networks by way of antenna, port,
network interface adaptor, wireless access point, modem, and/or the
like.
[0104] The computer 1212 is operable to communicate with any
wireless devices or entities operatively disposed in wireless
communication, e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable
computer, portable data assistant, communications satellite, user
equipment, cellular base device, smartphone, any piece of equipment
or location associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g.,
scanner, a kiosk, news stand, restroom), and telephone. This
includes at least WiFi and Bluetooth.RTM. wireless technologies.
Thus, the communication can be a predefined structure as with a
conventional network or simply an ad hoc communication between at
least two devices.
[0105] WiFi allows connection to the Internet from a desired
location (e.g., a vehicle, couch at home, a bed in a hotel room, or
a conference room at work, etc.) without wires. WiFi is a wireless
technology similar to that used in a cell phone that enables such
devices, e.g., mobile phones, computers, etc., to send and receive
data indoors and out, anywhere within the range of a base station.
WiFi networks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g,
etc.) to provide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. A
WiFi network can be used to connect communication devices (e.g.,
mobile phones, computers, etc.) to each other, to the Internet, and
to wired networks (which use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). WiFi networks
operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, at an 11 Mbps
(802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example, or with
products that contain both bands (dual band), so the networks can
provide real-world performance similar to the basic 10BaseT wired
Ethernet networks used in many offices.
[0106] The above description of illustrated embodiments of the
subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is
not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments
to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments and
examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, various
modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of
such embodiments and examples, as those skilled in the relevant art
can recognize.
[0107] In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been
described in connection with various embodiments and corresponding
Figures, where applicable, it is to be understood that other
similar embodiments can be used or modifications and additions can
be made to the described embodiments for performing the same,
similar, alternative, or substitute function of the disclosed
subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the
disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single
embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed in
breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.
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