U.S. patent application number 15/501378 was filed with the patent office on 2017-08-10 for fluid control assemblies for sprinkler systems.
The applicant listed for this patent is TYCO FIRE PRODUCTS LP. Invention is credited to Roger S. WILKINS, James O. WILLIAMS.
Application Number | 20170225021 15/501378 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 53879797 |
Filed Date | 2017-08-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170225021 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
WILLIAMS; James O. ; et
al. |
August 10, 2017 |
FLUID CONTROL ASSEMBLIES FOR SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
Abstract
Automatic fluid control assemblies and methods for fire
protection include an arrangement of electrically operated control
points, a valve body and a controller to operate the fluid control
assembly. The automatic fluid control assembly has an inlet, an
outlet and a valve body to control flow between the inlet and the
outlet. An electric latch includes a first electrically operated
control point and a second electrically operated control point in
fluid communication with a control line to control the flow of
fluid from the inlet to the valve body and outlet. The methods of
fluid control include controlling a plurality of electrically
operated control points to perform any one of: a leak test, a trip
test, a flow test, a water delivery test, and a validation test of
a non-trip condition and a trip condition.
Inventors: |
WILLIAMS; James O.;
(Marlborough, MA) ; WILKINS; Roger S.; (Warwick,
RI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TYCO FIRE PRODUCTS LP |
Lansdale |
PA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
53879797 |
Appl. No.: |
15/501378 |
Filed: |
August 3, 2015 |
PCT Filed: |
August 3, 2015 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US2015/043488 |
371 Date: |
February 2, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62032896 |
Aug 4, 2014 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16K 7/126 20130101;
F16K 31/02 20130101; F16K 37/0041 20130101; F16K 15/033 20130101;
A62C 35/68 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A62C 35/68 20060101
A62C035/68; F16K 37/00 20060101 F16K037/00; F16K 7/12 20060101
F16K007/12; F16K 15/03 20060101 F16K015/03; F16K 31/02 20060101
F16K031/02 |
Claims
1. An automatic fluid control assembly having an inlet and an
outlet defining an unactuated state in which the inlet is sealed
from the outlet and an actuated state in which the inlet is in
fluid communication with the outlet, the assembly comprising: a
fluid pressure biased diaphragm valve body including an internal
seat, an internal diaphragm member for engaging the seat to control
flow between the inlet and the outlet, the diaphragm member
defining a fluid chamber to control the engagement between the
diaphragm member and the seat; a fluid control line having one end
in fluid communication with the inlet and another end in
communication with the diaphragm chamber; and an electric latch
including a first electrically operated control point and a second
electrically operated control point in fluid communication with the
control line to control the flow of fluid from the inlet to the
diaphragm chamber, the first control point in the unactuated state
of the automatic fluid control assembly defines a normally
energized open configuration to place the inlet in fluid
communication with the fluid chamber for pressurizing the fluid
chamber to provide a sealed engagement between the diaphragm member
and the internal seat, in the actuated state of the automatic
valve, the first control point defines a de-energized closed
configuration to prevent pressurization of the diaphragm chamber,
the second electrically operated control point in the unactuated
state of the automatic valve defines a normally de-energized closed
configuration to prevent the release of pressure from the diaphragm
chamber to maintain the sealed engagement between the diaphragm
member and the internal seat, in the actuated state of the
automatic assembly, the second control point defines an energized
open configuration to release pressure from the diaphragm chamber
such that the diaphragm member disengages the internal seat to
permit fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet.
2. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a fluid detector to
monitor fluid flow downstream of the internal seat, the fluid
detector being coupled to the first electrically operated control
point to de-energize the first electrically operated control point
upon detecting a fluid flow.
3. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the fluid detector is disposed
to detect fluid flow in the outlet.
4. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the automatic valve assembly
defines an intermediate chamber between the inlet and the outlet,
the fluid detector being disposed to detect fluid flow in the
intermediate chamber.
5. The assembly of claim 4, further comprising, a check valve
coupled to the diaphragm valve body, the check valve defining the
outlet, the diaphragm valve defining the inlet, the check valve and
the diaphragm valve body defining an intermediate chamber between
the check valve and the diaphragm valve body.
6. The assembly of claim 4, wherein the internal seat defines an
outlet seat and an inlet seat, the valve defining an intermediate
chamber between the inlet and outlet seat.
7. The assembly of claim 6, wherein the assembly defines an
intermediate port in communication with the intermediate chamber, a
fluid detector and an electrically operated solenoid valve being
coupled to the intermediate port.
8. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the diaphragm valve includes an
inlet port proximate the inlet, the control line being coupled to
the inlet port to place the control line in fluid communication
with the inlet, the assembly further comprising at least one
electrically operated control point coupled to the inlet port and
normally closed in an unactuated state of the assembly.
9. The assembly of claim 8, wherein the at least one control point
is a solenoid valve is coupled to a fluid detector to provide for a
water flow alarm signal.
10. The assembly of claim 8, further comprising a fluid detector
coupled to the inlet port to monitor flow at the inlet for
communication with a controller and a fluid detector coupled to the
diaphragm valve body for monitoring the fluid flow in the fluid
chamber and communication with the controller.
11. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the assembly includes an
outlet port proximate the outlet, the assembly further comprising
an electrically operated control point coupled to the outlet
port.
12. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a check valve
disposed along the control line between the diaphragm chamber and
the first electrically operated control point to prevent backflow
from the diaphragm chamber to the first electrically operated
control point.
13. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the first and second
electrically operated control points are electrically operated
solenoid valves.
14. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the first and second
electrically operated control point change configuration in
response to a fire detector such that the first control point
de-energize closed and the second control point energizes open.
15. The assembly of claim 13, wherein the first and second
electrically operated control points change configurations
substantially simultaneously.
16.-39. (canceled)
39. A method of electrically latching open a fluid control assembly
for controlling a flow of fluid between an inlet and an outlet in a
fluid control valve assembly having a fluid chamber to control
engagement between a pressure operated diaphragm member and a valve
seat, the method comprising: de-energizing a first normally open
electrically operated control point coupled to the fluid chamber so
as to close the first control point and stop a flow of fluid to the
fluid chamber; and energizing a second normally de-energized closed
electrically operated control point so as to open the second
control point and discharge fluid from the fluid chamber to
electrically latch the assembly open in the event of a loss of
power.
40. The method of claim 39, wherein de-energizing the first control
point includes periodically monitoring one of a pressure or flow
condition at an outlet port proximate the outlet with a controller
and a fluid detector coupled to the outlet port and de-energizing
the first control point based upon the monitored condition.
41. The method of claim 39, wherein de-energizing the first control
point and energizing the second control point latches the assembly
open in the event of power loss.
42. The method of claim 39, further comprising comparing
periodically monitored data of pressure and flow between two ports
of the valve assembly and identifying a problem with the assembly
based upon monitored data.
43.-78. (canceled)
Description
PRIORITY CLAIM
[0001] This application is an international application claiming
the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.
62/032,896, filed on Aug. 4, 2014, which is incorporated herein by
reference in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates generally to fire protection
systems and more specifically to fluid control risers or assemblies
for fire protection systems.
BACKGROUND ART
[0003] Water based fire protection systems are largely mechanical
devices that may have some electronic switches for control. For
example, TYCO FIRE PROTECTION PRODUCTS Technical Data Sheet,
"TFP1465: Preaction System with Model DV-5 Deluge Valve Double
Interlock--Electric/Electric Actuation 11/2 thru 8 Inch (DN40 thru
DN200)" (May 2009) shows a double interlock preaction fire
protection system with a valve and check valve riser assembly that
includes a releasing trim that uses a solenoid valve that is
operated by energizing the releasing circuit of a releasing
panel.
[0004] Despite the use of some electrical switches, the large
mechanical devices of the valve trim can occupy a large amount of
space for the system installation. Accordingly, it would be
desirable to use electrical components and control to reduce the
installation space requirements. The use of mechanical components
in the valve trim for the operation and control can also place
limits on personnel to maintain and troubleshoot the system. In
particular, personnel are required to observe and operate the
mechanical devices at the site of the installation in order to
maintain, diagnose problems and troubleshoot the system.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
[0005] Preferred embodiments of an automatic fluid control assembly
are provided for use in fire protection systems and methods. The
preferred fluid control assemblies include an arrangement of
electrically operated control points and fluid detectors coupled to
a valve body and in communication with a controller to detect and
control the flow of fluid through the chambers and ports of the
valve body to preferably remotely operate, monitor, maintain, and
troubleshoot the fluid control assembly and fire protection systems
in which the assembly is installed. Moreover, by electrically
coupling the automatic fluid control assemblies with a controller
capable of remote communication, system anomalies and operating
parameters can be reported remotely to notify concerned parties and
personnel. Accordingly, the preferred embodiments can eliminate or
significantly reduce the need for visual confirmation or
observation at the site of the system to maintain the assembly and
fire protection system. Particular embodiments of the fluid control
assembly include a preferred arrangement of two electrically
operated control points that control the pressure within a fluid
chamber of a fluid controlled valve in order to operate the valve
and provide a preferred electric latch that maintains the valve
open in the event of a power loss.
[0006] A preferred automatic fluid control assembly has an inlet
and an outlet, which define an unactuated state of the assembly in
which the inlet is sealed from the outlet and an actuated state of
the assembly in which the inlet is in fluid communication with the
outlet. The assembly further preferably includes a fluid pressure
biased diaphragm valve body that has an internal seat and an
internal diaphragm member for engaging the seat to control flow
between the inlet and the outlet. The diaphragm member defines a
fluid chamber to control the engagement between the diaphragm
member and the seat. The assembly further preferably includes a
fluid control line having one end in fluid communication with the
inlet and another end in communication with the diaphragm chamber.
A preferred electric latch includes a first electrically operated
control point and a second electrically operated control point in
fluid communication with the control line to control the flow of
fluid from the inlet to the diaphragm chamber. The first control
point in the unactuated state of the automatic fluid control
assembly preferably defines a normally energized open configuration
to place the inlet in fluid communication with the fluid chamber
for pressurizing the fluid chamber to provide a sealed engagement
between the diaphragm member and the internal seat. In the actuated
state of the automatic valve, the first control point defines a
de-energized closed configuration to prevent pressurization of the
diaphragm chamber. The second electrically operated control point
in the unactuated state of the automatic valve defines a preferably
normally de-energized closed configuration to prevent the release
of pressure from the diaphragm chamber to maintain the sealed
engagement between the diaphragm member and the internal seat. In
the actuated state of the automatic assembly, the second control
point preferably defines an energized open configuration to release
pressure from the diaphragm chamber such that the diaphragm member
disengages the internal seat to permit fluid flow from the inlet to
the outlet. In the preferred embodiment, the first and second
electrically operated control points are electrically operated
solenoid valves.
[0007] In preferred embodiments of the fluid control assembly, a
fluid detector monitors fluid flow downstream of the internal seat.
The fluid detector is coupled to the first electrically operated
control point to de-energize the first electrically operated
control point upon detecting a fluid flow. Alternatively, the first
and/or the second electrically operated control point change
configuration in response to a fire detector such that the first
control point de-energizes closed and the second control point
energizes open. In one preferred aspect, the first and second
electrically operated control points change configurations
substantially simultaneously.
[0008] In preferred embodiments, the automatic fluid control
assembly defines an intermediate chamber between the inlet and the
outlet. In one particular embodiment, a check valve is coupled to
the diaphragm valve body. In the particular embodiment, the check
valve defines the outlet, the diaphragm valve body defines the
inlet, the check valve and the diaphragm valve body defines an
intermediate chamber between the check valve and the diaphragm
valve body. In an alternate embodiment of the assembly, the
internal seat of the diaphragm valve body defines an outlet seat
and an inlet seat with an intermediate chamber between the inlet
and outlet seat. In preferred embodiments, the assemblies further
preferably include an inlet port proximate the inlet and a first
fluid detector coupled to the inlet port, an outlet port is
proximate the outlet and a second fluid detector is coupled to the
outlet port. An intermediate port is proximate the intermediate
chamber and a third fluid detector is preferably coupled to the
intermediate port. For the preferred embodiments of the automatic
fluid control assembly, a controller can be coupled to each of the
first, second and third fluid detectors. The controller preferably
configures each of the first, second and third fluid detectors for
periodic monitoring to determine at least one of an operation or
defect in the fluid control assembly.
[0009] The preferred embodiments of the automatic fluid control
assemblies can provide for any one of a wet, a deluge, a dry pipe
or preaction fire protection system. The preferred system include a
fluid supply, a plurality of fire protection sprinklers
interconnected by a network of pipes, a plurality of fire and fluid
detectors and a controller coupled to the plurality of detectors
and control points of the assembly. In a preferred embodiment, the
plurality of detectors include resetting detectors that detect when
heat from a fire has substantially diminished with the controller
coupled to the resetting detectors and the plurality of
electrically controlled points to control operation of the
plurality of electrically controlled points based upon monitored
data from the reset detectors to automatically reset the fluid
control assembly when the heat from a fire is substantially
diminished.
[0010] Preferred methods of automatic fluid control of a fire
protection system are provided. A preferred method includes using
an electrically powered fluid control assembly defining an inlet
and an outlet with a valve body having a fluid chamber for
controlling the fluid communication between the inlet and the
outlet. A first electrically operated control point is in fluid
communication with the fluid chamber and a second electrically
operated control point is in fluid communication with the fluid
chamber. The preferred methods include automatically energizing the
first control point in a normally open configuration with the
second control point in the normally de-energized closed
configuration to pressurize the fluid chamber such that the inlet
is sealed from the outlet in an unactuated state of the fire
protection system; and automatically energizing the second control
point to an open configuration and de-energizing the first control
point to a closed configuration to reduce the pressure in the fluid
chamber to trip the fluid control assembly and electrically latch
the inlet into fluid communication with the outlet in an actuated
state of the fire protection system. The preferred methods further
include monitoring fluid conditions at any one of the inlet, outlet
and fluid chamber and remotely controlling a plurality of
electrically operated control points in response to the monitored
fluid condition. Each control point is in fluid communication with
any one of the inlet, outlet and fluid chamber to remotely perform
any one of: a leak test, a trip test, a flow test, a water delivery
test, performance validation test including any one of validation
of a non-trip condition and a trip condition. Where the fluid
control assembly defines an intermediate chamber in between the
inlet and the outlet, the monitoring preferably includes monitoring
the fluid conditions of the intermediate chamber and the remote
controlling includes remotely controlling a control point in fluid
communication with the intermediate chamber in response to the
monitored fluid conditions of the intermediate chamber so as to
provide an automatic drain.
[0011] A preferred embodiment of the method includes performing a
remote trip test including: simulating a fire condition and an air
loss condition at a controller coupled to each of the first and
second control points; detecting fluid flow to an intermediate
chamber of the fluid control assembly between the inlet and the
outlet; and energizing a third control point in fluid communication
with the outlet to an open configuration so as not to flood piping
of the fire protection system. The trip test can be recorded by the
system controller. Another preferred aspect of the method includes
automatically resetting the fluid control assembly, which includes
detecting a resetting condition; de-energizing the second control
point to the closed configuration in response to the resetting
condition; and energizing the first control point to the open
configuration in response to the resetting condition to seal the
inlet from the outlet. In one preferred aspect of automatically
resetting, the method includes energizing a third control point in
fluid communication with the outlet to an open configuration in
response to the inlet being sealed from the outlet to drain system
piping; monitoring the outlet for atmospheric pressure; and
de-energizing the third control to a closed configuration.
Alternatively, the method of resetting includes monitoring the
outlet pressure for system gas pressure in the unactuated state of
the fire protection system.
[0012] Although the Disclosure of the Invention and the preferred
systems and methods can provide for electrically operated
components and control of a releasing trim using a deluge valve
like the Model DV-5 Deluge Valve, it is to be understood that the
preferred systems and method can provide for fluid control
assemblies and methods using other valve bodies or to control the
flow between other fluid control components. The Disclosure of the
Invention is provided as a general introduction to some embodiments
of the invention, and is not intended to be limiting to any
particular configuration or system. It is to be understood that
various features and configurations of features described in the
Disclosure of the Invention can be combined in any suitable way to
form any number of embodiments of the invention. Some additional
preferred embodiments including variations and alternative
configurations are provided herein.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and
constitute part of this specification, illustrate exemplary
embodiments of the invention, and together, with the general
description given above and the detailed description given below,
serve to explain the features of the invention. It should be
understood that the preferred embodiments are some examples of the
invention as provided by the appended claims.
[0014] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of preferred embodiments of a
fluid control assembly.
[0015] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another preferred embodiment
of a fluid control assembly.
[0016] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a preferred deluge system
having the fluid control assembly of FIG. 1.
[0017] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a preferred dry pipe system
having an alternate embodiment of the fluid control assembly of
FIG. 1.
[0018] FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a preferred double-interlock
preaction system having the fluid control assembly of FIG. 2.
MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0019] Shown in FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of an automatic
fluid control assembly 10 for use in a fire protection system in
order to control the flow of a firefighting fluid from a source to
a piping network of interconnected of fire protection sprinklers.
The preferred control assembly 10 includes an inlet 10a to which
the fluid can be supplied, an outlet 10b from which the fluid is
discharged and a valve body 12 for controlling flow between the
inlet 10a and the outlet 10b. The assembly 10 defines an unactuated
state in which the inlet is sealed from the outlet and an actuated
state in which the inlet is in fluid communication with the inlet.
One preferred embodiment of the valve body 12 includes an internal
seat 14a, a seat-engagement member 14b for a preferred fluid-tight
sealed engagement with the seat 14a in the unactuated state of the
assembly 10. A preferred controlled engagement and disengagement
between the member 14b and the seat 14a controls the flow between
the inlet 10a and the outlet 10b in the actuated state of the
assembly. The preferred valve body 12 defines chambers and ports in
communication with one another through which fluid flows to move
the internal components of the valve body 12. Accordingly, the
valve body 12 further preferably defines an internal fluid chamber
16 to control the engagement between the member 14b and the seat
14a.
[0020] The preferred assembly 10 includes one and more preferably
includes more than one electrically controlled or operated control
points E in fluid communication with the chambers or ports of the
valve body 12. The control points E open or close to control the
flow of one or more fluids, including a firefighting fluid, through
the valve body 12 to control operation of the assembly 10 and the
flow of the firefighting fluid from the inlet 10a to the outlet
10b. The electrically controlled points E are preferably embodied
as electrically operated valves which are opened, closed or
throttled open or closed by an appropriately configured control
signal. More preferably, the electrically controlled points E are
embodied as electrically operated solenoid valves which are opened
or controlled by an appropriately configured energizing or
de-energizing signal. The controlled points E can be alternatively
embodied in an arrangement of electro-mechanical components
provided the arrangement can be opened and closed to control the
flow therethrough in response to an appropriate control signal.
[0021] The preferred control assembly 10 includes a first
electrically controlled point E1 and a second electrically
controlled point E2 to control the flow of fluid in and out of the
fluid chamber 16. In operation, the first control point E1 is
preferably normally configured to be energized opened for filling
and pressurizing the fluid chamber 16 with fluid such that the
member 14b engages the seat 14a. In operation, the second control
point E2 is preferably normally configured closed and de-energized
to prevent the flow of fluid out of the fluid chamber 16 such that
the member 14b is maintained in a sealed engagement. A change in
the normal state of each of the first and second control points E1,
E2, provides for a net flow through the fluid chamber 16 that
reduces the fluid pressure in the chamber 16 so that the member 14b
disengages the seat 14a thereby permitting flow from the inlet 10a
to the outlet 10b. In preferred embodiments described in greater
detailed herein, the first and second control points can also
provide for an electric latch to maintain the valve open in the
event of a loss of power.
[0022] The control points E can be electrically controlled or
operated in response to an appropriate signal delivered
automatically or manually from a control signaling device such as
for example, a controller, microprocessor, relay, detector or
sensor. The opening and closing of the control points E are
preferably controlled at least in part by one or more,
environmental sensors or detectors, fluid sensors or detectors T,
positional sensors P or remote controllers disposed about or
coupled to the valve assembly 10 which are coupled directly or
indirectly to the valve body 12 or the control points E. The fluid
sensors or detectors T can detect the presence or change of fluid
by any one of measuring pressure, fluid flow, a combination thereof
and/or the time-rate of change thereof at any fluid port, inlet or
outlet of the valve body 12 or along any piping coupled to the
valve body 12. Accordingly, the sensors or detectors can include
transducers, switches or other types of devices provided they can
measure a fluid parameter and generate an appropriate signal for
operation of the preferred assemblies and systems described herein.
The positional sensors P can measure the position of a control
point between its open and closed position. Based upon the
monitored parameters, the control points E can be manually or
automatically electrically operated to control the flow of fluid
from the inlet 10a to the outlet 10b of the valve assembly 10.
Accordingly, the preferred assembly 10 communicates with a
controller to electrically couple the control points E and the
detectors or sensors T, P. The control points E and the detectors
or sensors T, P can be wired or mechanically coupled to the
controller. Alternatively, the control points, detectors and sensor
can be wirelessly coupled to the controller for the controlled
communication described herein.
[0023] Moreover, the periodic monitoring of detected parameters
including flow, pressure, position and/or temperature of the valve
assembly 10, the fire protection and occupancy in which the
assembly 10 is installed can be used to maintain the assembly 10
including periodically performing diagnostic performance testing,
automatically notifying maintenance personnel or operators,
periodically documenting current and past states of the assembly 10
for troubleshooting, automatically taking corrective action,
periodically validating proper operation of the assembly 10 and/or
performing test inspections at desired frequencies. The preferred
automatic operation and maintenance of the assembly 10 can include
remote programming of the controller, remote notifications, remote
testing and remote setting of the valve assembly 10. Accordingly,
the preferred automatic operation and maintenance of the assembly
10 can be conducted over two-way wired or wireless communication
networks, including over telephone lines, the Internet, local
networks, or other telecommunication means using telephones, mobile
device, laptops, computer or other computing devices.
[0024] The valve body can be preferably embodied as a diaphragm
valve 12 having an internal valve seat 14a, an internal diaphragm
member 14b to provide the engagement member 14a and define the
internal fluid chamber or diaphragm chamber 16. An exemplary
diaphragm valve is shown in TYCO FIRE PROTECTION PRODUCTS Technical
Data Sheet, "TFP1305: Model DV-5 Deluge Valve, Diaphragm Style,
11/2 thru 8 Inch (DN40 thru DN200), 250, psi (17.2 bar) Vertical or
Horizontal Installation (March 2006). Alternatively, other types of
valves can be used provided they include a fluid control chamber
for use in the assemblies described herein. More specifically, the
preferred diaphragm valve 12 is fluid controlled or operated in
which fluid pressure in the diaphragm chamber 16 controls or biases
the valve toward a sealed engagement between the diaphragm member
14b and the valve seat 14a. The assembly 10 preferably includes a
fluid control line 12a for controlling the fluid pressure in the
diaphragm chamber 16. The control line 12a preferably includes one
end in fluid communication with the inlet 10a and an opposite end
in fluid communication with diaphragm chamber 16. The preferred
first and second electrically operated solenoid valves E1, E2 are
preferably in fluid communication with the control line 12a and
coupled to the diaphragm valve 12 at a diaphragm chamber port 18 so
as to control the flow of fluid in and out of the diaphragm chamber
16.
[0025] The diaphragm valve 12 preferably includes an inlet port 20
proximate to and in fluid communication with the inlet 10a. In a
preferred arrangement, the first electrically controlled solenoid
valve E1 controls the fluid communication between the inlet port 20
to the diaphragm chamber 16. More specifically, the first solenoid
valve E1 operates to control fluid delivered to the inlet 10a and
redirected to the diaphragm chamber via the inlet port 20.
Moreover, the first solenoid valve E1 operates to control the flow
rate of fluid into the diaphragm chamber 16 to a desired rate.
Alternatively or in addition to, the flow rate and direction of
flow can be maintained in one direction from the solenoid valve E1
to the diaphragm chamber 16 and at the desired rate by a check
valve 15 or other flow restriction disposed between the solenoid
valve E1 and the diaphragm chamber 16. Thus, fluid backflow is
prevented back through the first solenoid valve E1. The second
electrically operated solenoid valve E2 operates to control and
maintain or relieve fluid pressure in the diaphragm chamber 16. The
states of the controlled points E1, E2 can be electrically
controlled in response to an appropriate control signal. For
example, in a fire protection system such as for example, the
deluge-type system shown in FIG. 3, the control points E1, E2 can
be operated in response to a fire detection signal or other signal.
The control points further preferably provide an electric latch
that keeps the assembly open even in the event of power failure or
loss to the system. Accordingly, the preferred electric latch
provides, in the event of a primary and secondary power loss, that
the diaphragm chamber 16 does not re-pressurize and close the
diaphragm valve 12 during a fire event. In the event of a power
loss, the electric latch maintains the fluid control assembly 10 in
the open position preferably until such time as the assembly is
manually reset.
[0026] Further preferably coupled to the inlet port 20 are one or
more electrically controlled points E3, E4 to drain or convey fluid
from the inlet port 20. Each of the controlled points E3, E4 can be
embodied as an electrically operated solenoid valve that is
preferably normally closed and de-energized. Upon receipt of an
appropriate control signal, the solenoid valves E3, E4 can be
energized open to release fluid from the inlet port 20. For
example, solenoid valve E3 can be opened to release fluid to an
external drain or atmosphere and E4 can be opened to flow fluid to
a water flow alarm. The valve body 12 also preferably includes an
outlet port 22 proximate to and in fluid communication with the
outlet 10b and to which another control point E5 can be coupled.
The fifth control point E5 can be embodied as an electronically
operated solenoid valve that is normally closed and de-energized.
Upon receipt of an appropriate control signal, the solenoid valve
E5 can be energized open to release fluid from the outlet port 22.
For example solenoid valve E5 can be signaled opened to release
fluid to an external drain or atmosphere. Accordingly, depending
upon the system installation of the fluid control assembly 10, the
outlet port solenoid valve E5 can provide an electric automatic
drain valve.
[0027] Each of the control points E can be operated, locally or
remotely, automatically or manually from a preferably centralized
appropriately configured controller. Alternatively or additionally,
the states of the controlled points E are preferably altered or
operated based upon monitored parameters of one or more fluid
detectors T disposed about the assembly 10. Accordingly, each of
the sensors or detectors T, P can be configured with the controller
for automatic, periodic or continuous monitoring or for discrete
on-demand sampling. For example, preferably coupled to the
diaphragm chamber port 18 is a fluid detector T1 for preferably
continuously or periodically monitoring fluid conditions in the
diaphragm chamber 16. Fluid detectors T2, T3 can be respectively
coupled to each of the inlet and outlet ports 20, 22 to preferably
continuously or periodically monitor fluid conditions at the
corresponding inlet 10a and/or outlet 10b for set-up, maintenance
or testing of the assembly 10. For example, one solenoid valve E4
can be coupled between the inlet port 20 and the fluid detector T3
at the outlet port 22. If the solenoid valve E4 is controlled or
operated open so that fluid flows from the inlet port 20 toward the
solenoid valve E5, the fluid flow or pressure can be detected by
the fluid detector T3 for signaling the controller of fluid flow.
To prevent the flow of fluid into the outlet 10b, the assembly
preferably include a check-valve 17 installed between the fluid
detector T3 and the outlet port 22.
[0028] The diaphragm valve 12 can include a single seat 14a against
which the diaphragm member 14b engages to form a fluid tight seal.
Alternatively, the diaphragm valve 12 can define multiple valve
seats 14a1, 14a2 for engagement with the diaphragm member 14b to
define one or more chambers therebetween. For example, the valve
body can define a first inlet valve seat 14a1 for engagement with a
corresponding inlet portion of the diaphragm member 14b. A second
valve seat 14a2, spaced from the first seat 14a1, can be provided
for engagement with a corresponding outlet portion of the diaphragm
member. An exemplary diaphragm valve is shown and described in U.S.
Pat. No. 8,616,234. Shown in phantom is an optional intermediate
chamber formed between the inlet and outlet seats 14a1, 14a2. A
detector T and control point E can be can be coupled to an
intermediate port 24 in fluid communication with the intermediate
chamber to monitor the intermediate chamber and provide for
controlled drainage of the intermediate chamber between the inlet
and outlet seats 14a1, 14a2.
[0029] An alternate embodiment of the automatic fluid control
assembly 100 is shown in FIG. 2. The valve body 112 preferably
includes an inlet seat 114a proximate the inlet 110a and an inlet
member 114b for preferably controlled engagement with the inlet
seat 114a. The valve body 112 further includes an outlet seat 116a
proximate the outlet 110b and an outlet member 116b for engagement
with the outlet seat 116a. The valve body 112 preferably defines an
intermediate chamber 118 between the inlet and outlet seats 114a,
116a upon the inlet member 114b engaging the inlet seat 114a and
the outlet member 116b engaging the outlet seat 116a. The preferred
valve body 112 defines an inlet port 122 proximate the inlet 110a
and more preferably located between the inlet 110a and the inlet
seat 114a. The preferred valve body 112 also defines an outlet port
124 proximate the outlet 110b and more preferably located between
the outlet 110b and the outlet seat 116a. The valve body 112
further preferably includes an intermediate port 126 in
communication with the preferred intermediate chamber 118. A
preferred embodiment of the valve body 112 includes a fluid chamber
128 with a fluid chamber port 130 proximate to the inlet 110a to
control the engagement between the inlet member 114b and the inlet
seat 114b.
[0030] Fluid flow through the valve body 112 and assembly 100 is
preferably controlled by operation of the electrically control
points E which are coupled to the chambers and ports of the valve
body 112. Like the previously described embodiments of the
assembly, the control points E are preferably operated by a
controller in communication with the assembly 100 and/or are
operated or controlled based upon monitored parameters from
detectors or sensors T of the assembly 100 and/or detectors or
sensors of the fire protection system. One electrically controlled
point E11 is coupled to the fluid chamber port 130 and maintained
normally open for communication with the fluid chamber 128. Another
electrically controlled point E12 is maintained normally closed and
coupled to the fluid chamber port 130 for controlling and/or
maintaining fluid pressure in the fluid chamber 130. Like the
previously described embodiments, a fluid control line 113
preferably places the fluid chamber 128 in fluid communication with
the inlet 110a. Fluid pressure within the chamber 128 can be
controlled by the movement of fluid in and out of the fluid chamber
128 through the alteration of the normally open and closed states
of the first and second electrically controlled points E11, E12. In
the normal state of the controlled points E11, E12 fluid pressure
in the fluid chamber 128 acts on the inlet member 114b so that it
is preferably biased and engaged with the inlet seat 114a to
inhibit the flow of fluid from the inlet 110a to the outlet
110b.
[0031] More particularly, the control line 113 preferably includes
one end in fluid communication with the inlet 110a and an opposite
end in fluid communication with fluid chamber 128. The preferred
first and second electrically operated solenoid valves E12, E12 are
preferably in fluid communication with the control line 113 and
coupled to the valve body 112 at a fluid chamber port 130 so as to
control the flow of fluid in and out of the fluid chamber 128. The
valve body 112 preferably includes an inlet port 122 proximate to
and in fluid communication with the inlet 110a. In a preferred
arrangement, the first electrically controlled solenoid valve E11
controls the fluid communication between the inlet port 122 to the
fluid chamber 128. More specifically, the first solenoid valve E11
operates to control fluid delivered to the inlet 110a and
redirected to the diaphragm chamber via the inlet port 122.
Moreover, the first solenoid valve E11 operates to control the flow
rate of fluid into the fluid chamber 128 to a desired rate.
Alternatively or in addition to, the flow rate and direction of
flow can be maintained in one direction from the solenoid valve E11
to the fluid chamber 128 and at the desired rate by a check valve
115 or other flow restriction disposed between the solenoid valve
E1 and the fluid chamber 128. The second electrically operated
solenoid valve E12 operates to control and maintain or relieve
fluid pressure in the fluid chamber 128. The states of the
controlled points E11, E12 can be electrically controlled in
response to an appropriate control signal. The control points
further preferably provide an electric latch that keeps the
assembly open even in the event of power loss to the system.
Accordingly, the preferred electric latch provides, in the event of
a primary and secondary power loss, that the fluid chamber 128 does
not re-pressurize and close the valve body 12 during a fire event.
In the event of a power loss, the electric latch maintains the
fluid control assembly 110 in the open position preferably until
such time as the assembly is manually reset.
[0032] Although the valve body 112 can include a housing of a
unitary construction, the valve body 112 can include a subassembly
of multiple components to provide the preferred inlet, outlet,
ports and chambers described herein. In the preferred embodiment
shown in FIG. 2, the valve body 112 includes a diaphragm valve 112a
and a check valve 112b coupled to the diaphragm valve 112a. The
preferred diaphragm valve 112a includes an inlet opening, and
internal diaphragm member and diaphragm seat to respectively
provide the inlet 110a, inlet member 114b and inlet seat 114a. The
body of the diaphragm valve 112 and diaphragm member 114b further
preferably define the fluid controlled diaphragm chamber 128. The
preferred check valve 112b preferably includes the outlet opening,
an internal clapper and internal clapper seat to respectively
provide the outlet 110b, outlet member 116b and the outlet seat
116a. An exemplary check valve is shown and described in TYCO FIRE
PROTECTION PRODUCTS Technical Data Sheet, "TFP950: Model CV-1FR
Riser Check Valves 2 to 12 Inch (DN50 to DN300" (October 2010). The
check valve 112b is preferably coupled to the diaphragm valve 112a
such that upon the clapper 116b engaging the clapper seat 116a and
the internal diaphragm member 114b engaging the diaphragm seat
114a, the preferred intermediate chamber 118 is defined between the
diaphragm and check valves seats 114a, 116a.
[0033] The preferred diaphragm valve and check valve 112a, 112b
assembly define the preferred ports and chambers of the assembly
100 for periodic monitoring and fluid control. In the preferred
arrangement, two electrically controlled solenoid valves E11, E12
are coupled to the diaphragm chamber 128 at the chamber port 130 to
control the engagement of the diaphragm member 114b with the
diaphragm seat 114a and provide the preferred electric latch
previously described. The preferred check valve 112b defines an
outlet port 124 proximate the outlet 110b and more preferably
located between the outlet 110b and the clapper seat 116a. A first
fluid detector T11 is preferably coupled to the outlet port 124 to
detect any one of fluid pressure or flow at the outlet 110b. The
fluid detector T11 can be electrically coupled to the first and/or
the second solenoid valves E11, E12. In the preferred electric
latch, the fluid detector T11 can be coupled to the outlet port 124
of the valve body 112 to detect the loss of pressure at the outlet
110b of the assembly 100. Upon detecting the loss in pressure, the
first control point E11 is preferably closed to cease delivery of
fluid to the diaphragm chamber 128. The second control point E12
can be controlled, independently or as a function of either
detector T11 or the first control point E11, so as to open and
relieve the fluid pressure from the fluid chamber 128. The
reduction of the fluid pressure permits the inlet member 114b to
disengage the seat 114a and permit the flow of fluid from the inlet
to the outlet 110a, 110b of the assembly 100.
[0034] In one preferred embodiment, further preferably coupled to
the outlet port 124 are one or more electrically controlled points
E13, E14 to control the flow of a fluid through the outlet port 124
and outlet 110b. The third and fourth controlled points E13, E14
can be embodied as electrically operated solenoid valves. The third
solenoid valve E13 is preferably normally closed and de-energized.
Upon receipt of an appropriate control signal, the third solenoid
valve E13 can be energized open to release fluid from the outlet
110b and outlet port 124 for flow to, for example, an external
drain or atmosphere. The fourth solenoid valve E14 is preferably
normally closed and de-energized. The fourth solenoid valve E14
preferably defines a known or desired orifice opening to permit the
escape of fluid at a known rate. Upon receipt of an appropriate
control signal, the fourth solenoid valve E14 can be energized open
to release fluid from the outlet 110b and outlet port 124 for flow
to, for example, to an external drain or atmosphere. Operation of
the fourth solenoid valve E14 can be used to a perform a remote or
periodic leakage test of the valve assembly 100 or to perform a
remote or periodic trip test in a manner described herein.
[0035] The preferred diaphragm valve 112a further preferably
defines an intermediate port 126 of the assembly 100 in
communication with the preferred intermediate chamber 118. A second
fluid detector T12 is preferably coupled to the intermediate port
126 to detect any one of fluid pressure or flow to preferably
continuously or periodically monitor the intermediate chamber 118
for changes in atmospheric conditions. With the preferred assembly
installed, increased fluid pressure at the detector T12 can
indicate system operation or leakage at either or both of the inlet
and outlet seats 114a, 116a. Further preferably coupled to the
intermediate port 126 are one or more electrically controlled
points E15, E16. The fifth and sixth controlled points E15, E16 can
be embodied as electrically operated solenoid valves. The fifth
solenoid valve E15 is preferably normally closed and de-energized.
Upon receipt of an appropriate control signal, the fifth solenoid
valve E15 can be energized open to release fluid from the
intermediate chamber 118 for flow to, for example, an external
drain or atmosphere. The sixth solenoid valve E16 is preferably in
fluid communication with an inlet port 122 of the valve body 112,
normally closed and de-energized. The sixth solenoid valve E16 can
be used in a fluid flow alarm test. For example, upon receipt of an
appropriate control signal, the sixth solenoid valve E16 can be
energized open to provide for the flow of fluid from the inlet port
122 to the fluid detector T12. Fluid pressure or flow is detected
by the fluid detector T12 at the intermediate port to signal, for
example, an alarm to indicate fluid flow. To prevent the flow from
the solenoid valve E16 to the intermediate chamber 118, the
assembly 100 can include a check valve 117 between the fluid
detector T12 and the intermediate port 117. At the conclusion of
the fluid flow test, the solenoid valve E16 is subsequently
signaled closed to stop the flow from the inlet port 122. The
solenoid valve E15 is temporarily opened to relieve the fluid
pressure in the line that is acting on the fluid detector T12.
[0036] The preferred diaphragm valve 112a also preferably defines
the inlet port 122 proximate the inlet 110a and more preferably
between the inlet 110a and the diaphragm seat 114a. A third fluid
detector T13 is preferably coupled to the inlet port 122 to detect
any one of fluid pressure or flow and for preferably continuously
or periodically monitoring fluid conditions delivered at the inlet
110a of the assembly pressure for a given point of time. Further
preferably coupled to the inlet port 122 are one or more
electrically controlled points E17 to drain fluid from the inlet
port 122. The seventh controlled point E17 can be embodied as an
electrically operated solenoid valve. The seventh solenoid valve
E17 is preferably normally closed and de-energized. Upon receipt of
an appropriate control signal, the seventh solenoid valve E17 can
be energized open to release fluid from the inlet port 122 for flow
to, for example, an external drain or atmosphere. Further
preferably coupled to the diaphragm chamber port 130 is a fourth
fluid detector T14 for preferably continuously or periodically
monitoring fluid conditions in the diaphragm chamber 128.
[0037] The preferred valve body and the control points E, sensors
and/or detectors P, T are preferably coupled and arranged to
provide for a compact assembly. Accordingly, in preferred
embodiments of the assemblies of FIGS. 1 and 2, the fluid control
assemblies can be encased within one or more housings or
enclosures. Alternatively, the assemblies are not encased in an
enclosure as shown. As schematically shown, the control points E,
sensors and/or detectors P, T can be coupled directly to the valve
body of the assembly or alternatively can be remotely coupled to
the valve body by appropriate tubing or piping.
[0038] Shown in FIG. 3 is the preferred automatic fluid control
assembly 10 of FIG. 1 installed in a deluge system 200. The
preferred system 200 includes a plurality of open or unsealed fire
protection sprinklers 202 to protect an occupancy OCC. The
sprinklers 202 are interconnected by a network of pipes BP and open
to atmospheric pressure in an unactuated state of the system 200.
The piping described herein can include riser piping, main piping,
cross-mains, branch piping, drops and sprigs. The system 200
includes a plurality of preferably electric fire detectors 204
including any one of but not limited to heat detectors, smoke
detectors, or manual pull stations. The fire detectors 204 are
preferably electrically coupled or connected to a preferably
centralized controller 220 for receipt of detection data or signals
from the detectors 204. The centralized controller 220 can be
networked for remote access by and communication with operating or
maintenance personnel or external agencies.
[0039] The system 200 includes a primary fluid source of
firefighting fluid W such as, for example, a water supply main. The
system 200 includes a preferred embodiment of the automatic fluid
control assembly 10 of FIG. 1 to provide a riser which
interconnects and controls the flow of fluid from primary fluid
source W to the network of pipes BP and the fire protection
sprinklers 202. The system 200 can be alternatively configured with
the assembly 100 of FIG. 2 provided the assembly is controlled and
operated in a manner as described herein. The automatic fluid
control assembly 10 is preferably coupled to the water by the
service control valve E6 at the inlet 10a of the assembly 10. The
outlet 10b is preferably piped or connected to the network of pipes
BP. Water is delivered to the inlet 10a and the preferred fluid
chamber or more preferably diaphragm chamber 16 so that the
diaphragm member 14b engages the valve seat 14a to form a fluid
tight water seat in an unactuated state of the system 200. In the
preferred arrangement water delivered to the inlet 10a flows
through the inlet port 20 and through the normally open first
electrically controlled point E1 via the control line 12a to fill
and pressurize the fluid or diaphragm chamber 16.
[0040] The detectors and sensor T, P and preferred electrically
controlled points E of the preferred fluid control assembly 10 are
coupled to the controller 220 to provide for the desired
monitoring, operation, control, set-up and reset of the automatic
fluid control assembly 10 in each of the unactuated, actuated and
post-actuation states of the system 200. The preferred detectors
and sensors T, P and the electrically controlled points E of the
preferred systems can provide for remote automatic monitoring,
control, operation, testing, set-up, or maintenance; and
additionally or alternatively, the preferred systems can provide
for periodic automatic monitoring, control, operation, testing,
set-up or maintenance. Moreover, to facilitate the installation of
the assemblies described herein, the assemblies can include one
electrically controlled point E6 upstream of the inlet 10a of the
assembly 10 as seen in FIG. 3 and where applicable include a second
electrically controlled point E9 downstream of the outlet 10b of
the fluid control assembly 100 as seen, for example, in FIG. 5. The
upstream electrically controlled point E6 can be embodied as a
service control valve (SCV) or a post indicator valve (PIV) coupled
to a first position sensor P1 to preferably evaluate the valve
position over time, periodically or continuously, preferably in
connection with the controller 220 in order to track abnormal
closing or partial closing that could affect performance of the SCV
valve E6. The downstream electrically controlled point E9 of FIG. 5
can be embodied as a shut-off valve SOV coupled to a second
position sensor P2 to preferably evaluate the valve position over
time, periodically or continuously, preferably in connection with
the controller 420 in order to track abnormal closing or partial
closing that could affect performance of the shut-off valve E9. The
upstream and downstream valves can facilitate the installation of
the preferred assemblies in either a new installation or an
existing installation to provide the preferred fluid control and
operation methodologies described herein. Moreover, the preferred
upstream and downstream valves can provide for a temporary
installation in order to, for example, troubleshoot an existing
fire protection system.
[0041] Referring again to system 200 of FIG. 3, the valve body 12
actuates or trips to open and deliver water to one or more
sprinklers 202 in the event of a fire. For the preferred deluge
system, at least one fire-indicating condition actuates the
automatic fluid control assembly 10. Accordingly, the controller
220 defines at least one zone of the controller 220 and can
preferably define more than one zone which is to be triggered to
actuate the assembly 10. In a preferred operation, the fire
detectors 204 notifies the first zone Zone 1 at the controller 220
which signals or de-energizes the first solenoid valve E1 so that
that the valve closes and fluid ceases to flow into and pressurize
the diaphragm chamber 16. Preferably substantially simultaneously,
the first zone Zone 1 at the controller 220 signals operation of
the preferably normally closed second electrically controlled point
or solenoid valve E2. The valve E2 is opened to relieve fluid
pressure from the preferred fluid or diaphragm chamber 16 to
disengage the diaphragm member 14b from the seat 14a. Fluid fed to
the inlet 10a is permitted to flow to the outlet 10b. The second
solenoid valve E2 can be alternatively coupled to the first
solenoid E1 valve such that upon the first solenoid valve E1 being
de-energized in response to a fire detection condition, the second
solenoid valve E2 is energized open. Alternatively, the two
solenoid valves E1, E2 can be coupled to one another such upon the
second solenoid valve E2 being energized open in response to a fire
condition, the first solenoid valve E1 is de-energized closed.
[0042] Further in the alternative, the automatic control assembly
10 provides that the first solenoid valve E1 controls or regulates
the fluid flow into the diaphragm chamber 16 to fluid flow that is
less than the fluid flow out of the diaphragm chamber upon the
second solenoid valve E2 being energized open. As previously
described, the control line 12a can include a check-valve or
restriction 15 to control the feed rate into the diaphragm chamber.
In one preferred embodiment of the assembly operation following
fire detection, the first zone Zone 1 at the controller 220 signals
operation of the preferably normally closed second electrically
controlled point or solenoid valve E2. The valve E2 is opened to
relieve fluid pressure from the preferred fluid or diaphragm
chamber 16 to disengage the diaphragm member 14b from the seat 14a.
With the first solenoid E1 still energized, the feed rate is less
than the discharge rate from the diaphragm chamber 16, and the
diaphragm member 14b disengages the seat 14a under the reduced
fluid pressure. Operation of the fluid control assembly 10 allows
for the delivery of water from the inlet 10a to the outlet 10b and
the open sprinkler(s) 202. The water flow is preferably detected by
the outlet port fluid detector T3 to validate that the system 200
is flowing water. Fluid pressure detected at the outlet port
detector T3 de-energizes and closes the solenoid valve E1 which
stops the feed of water into the diaphragm chamber 16. With the
diaphragm chamber 16 effectively depressurized, the fluid control
assembly 10 is wide open for full flow from inlet 10a to outlet
10b.
[0043] Regardless of the manner in which the first and second
solenoid valves E1, E2 operate, the solenoid valves E1, E2
preferably provide for an electric latch that prevents water from
re-pressurizing the fluid chamber 16 and the reengagement of the
inlet member 14b and inlet seat 14a following system actuation even
in the event of a loss of power. As shown in FIG. 3, the preferred
system 200 includes primary power source V1, such as for example an
AC voltage source, and a secondary back-up power source V2, such as
for example a battery back-up. The preferred electric latch
provides that, in the event of a primary and secondary power loss,
the preferred diaphragm chamber 16 does not re-pressurize and close
the diaphragm valve 12 during a fire event. The actuated assembly
10 preferably remains in the open condition until such time the
system is manually reset.
[0044] The assembly 10 further preferably provides for remote
and/or automatic resetting of the system 200 following system
actuation by appropriate controlled operation of the first and
second controlled points E1, E2. The system 200 and assembly 10
preferably includes one or more resetting detectors. For example,
the system detectors 204 can include resetting heat detectors 204a
that signal when the heat release is sufficiently low in the
occupancy OCC to signal that the fire is sufficiently addressed,
controlled or extinguished to initiate reset of the control
assembly 10. Following a preferably prescribed time after system
actuation such that the heat from the fire has sufficiently
diminished, the resetting detectors 204a preferably signal to the
controller for a reset. The resetting procedure described herein
can be performed automatically or alternatively can be initiated by
an appropriate switch or push-button signal from a local or remote
operator. The resetting detectors 204a preferably signal the
controller 220 to initiate a system reset and the controller
signals for the second electrically controlled solenoid valve E2 to
de-energize closed. The controller 220 then signals for the first
electrically controlled solenoid valve E1 to open so that fluid is
delivered to pressurize the diaphragm chamber 16 to bias the
diaphragm member 14b into sealed engagement with the seat 14a to
stop the flow of water into the system piping. As previously
described, the solenoid valve E1 and/or the control line 12a is
configured to define a desired flow rate for the fluid fed into the
diaphragm chamber 16, which can define the rate at which the
diaphragm is fully pressurized to form the sealed engagement
between the seat 14a and the diaphragm member 14b. Accordingly, the
control line 12a and the associated solenoid valve E1 can define
the time for closing or re-setting of the fluid control assembly 10
from its fully open position. The outlet port electrically
controlled valve E5 is preferably signaled or operated open by the
controller 220 to drain the system piping of water. When the outlet
fluid port detector T3 indicates 0 psig, the outlet port
electrically controlled valve E5 is closed. All control points E
and detectors T are evaluated for leakage including seat leakage,
and notification of a satisfactory reset is preferably provided for
communication to a system operator locally or remotely. Should the
fire reignite, the entire actuation and reset process repeats as
necessary.
[0045] The preferred automatic fluid control assemblies described
herein can be installed in different type of fire protection
systems such as for example: dry systems or wet systems, including
the deluge system as previously described, dry pipe systems, or
preaction systems including non-interlock, single-interlock, or
double-interlock preaction systems (with or without quick opening
devices). Alternate embodiments of the fluid control assembly can
also employ the preferred fluid chamber and electrically operated
control points E1, E2 to control fluid flow in and out of the
chamber 16 through the assembly inlet and outlet. However, the
alternate embodiments can also use alternate valve configurations
and alternate detection and signaling schemes to provide for a
preferred valve assembly and operation that can be used in other
types of fire protection systems, such as for example, preaction or
dry pipe fire protection systems.
[0046] Shown in FIG. 4 is a preferred dry pipe fire protection
system 300 that incorporates the alternate fluid control assembly
10' with the valve body 12 alternatively defining the intermediate
port 24 and the intermediate chamber formed between the inlet and
outlet seats 14a1, 14a2. The preferred dry pipe system 300 includes
automatic sprinklers 302 that are normally closed in an unactuated
state. The system 300 includes a primary fluid source and a
secondary fluid source coupled to the interconnected network of
fire protection sprinklers 302. The primary fluid source is the
source of firefighting fluid W such as, for example, a water supply
main. The secondary fluid is preferably a source of compressed gas
G such as, for example, a compressed air supply or nitrogen to fill
the network of pipes BP in an unactuated state of the system 300.
The gas is preferably fed into the network of pipes through the
outlet port 22 of the valve body 12 and the outlet 10b. The
diaphragm member 14b and outlet seat 14a2 form a fluid tight air
seat in the unactuated state of the assembly 10' to seal in the
compressed gas at the outlet 10b. Preferably disposed along the gas
feed line and coupled to the outlet port 22 are two electrically
operated solenoid valves E20, E21 and the fluid detector T21 to
monitor the fluid conditions at the outlet 10b including any
changes in gas pressure and/or flow. A fluid detector T3 is
preferably coupled to the intermediate port 24 to monitor fluid
conditions in the intermediate chamber between the inlet and outlet
seats 14a1, 14a2.
[0047] In the event of a fire, one or more of the sprinklers 302
will operate and release the gas within the pipes BP. The piping
fluid detector T21 detects the change in pressure or flow within
the interconnecting pipes BP and signals the second solenoid valve
E2 to open through the control unit 320. In the embodiment shown,
the control line 12a includes the unidirectional check-valve or
restriction 15; and thus, water from the second solenoid valve E2
is discharged at a rate greater than is provided from energized
first solenoid valve E1 to pressurize the diaphragm chamber 16.
Accordingly water flows from the inlet 10a to the outlet 10b.
Alternatively, the assembly 10' can be tripped by the change in
states of the first and second solenoid valves E1, E2 in any manner
previously described. Water detected at the intermediate chamber by
the outlet detector T3 signals closure of or de-energizes the first
solenoid valve E1 to permit the valve body 12 to fully open. In
addition to initiating trip of the fluid control assembly, the
outlet port fluid detector T21 can provide an accelerator or quick
opening in the system by actuating the system based upon the
predetermined or set threshold rate of decay in gas pressure which
defines an open sprinkler condition. For example, the detector T21
in combination with the controller 320 can define a threshold rate
of decay in gas pressure in the piping BP, such as for example -0.1
psi./sec. drop, which defines an actuated sprinkler condition. Upon
detecting the threshold rate, the controller 320 can signal
operation of the second solenoid valve E2 to relieve fluid pressure
in the diaphragm chamber 16 and initiate actuation of the automatic
valve assembly 10'. Moreover, the assembly 10' and controller 320
can incorporate algorithms for detection of an open sprinkler
condition as shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,971,080, to
provide for a desired system response time such as for example an
accelerated response time.
[0048] Preferably disposed along the pipes BP is a fluid detector
T4 for preferably continuously or periodically monitoring the
secondary fluid for changes in pressure and/or flow. The fluid
detector T4 is preferably located at an end-line of the piping or
hydraulically remote portion of the network of pipes to detect the
fluid end-head pressure in the hydraulically remote location. The
fluid detector T4 can convey the collected data to the controller
320 and to remote personnel for use, for example, to detect the
end-head pressure of water delivered to the remote portion of the
sprinkler pipes BP and for determining the fluid delivery time of
water. The fluid detector T4 can be used in conjunction with the
inlet port fluid detector T2 and the controller 320 to determine
pressure versus time relationship for the system 300 to fill with
water and time to stabilization for the number of open sprinklers
(i.e., when end head pressure is stabilized). Also, preferably
disposed along a most hydraulically remote portion of the system
300 can be one or more electrically operated solenoid valves E22
that can be controlled or signaled to operate simultaneously or
sequentially to release gas from the network of pipes in order to
perform, for example, a remote trip test or for remotely verifying
water delivery time.
[0049] Shown in FIG. 5 is a preferred double-interlock preaction
system 400. The preferred system 400 includes a plurality of
automatic fire protection sprinklers 402 to protect an occupancy
OCC interconnected by a network of pipes BP. The system 400
includes a plurality of preferably electric fire detectors 404
including any one of but not limited to heat detectors, smoke
detectors, or manual pull station. The fire detectors 404 are
preferably electrically coupled or connected to the preferably
centralized controller 420 for receipt of detection data or signals
from the detectors 404. The system 400 can also preferably include
one or more ambient temperature detectors A1 for use in water
delivery time determinations, system troubleshooting or performance
validations as described herein.
[0050] The system 400 includes a primary fluid source and a
secondary fluid source coupled to the interconnected network of
fire protection sprinklers 402. The primary fluid source is a
source of firefighting fluid W such as, for example, a water supply
main. The secondary fluid is preferably a source of compressed gas
G such as, for example, a compressed air supply or nitrogen, to
fill the network of pipes BP in an unactuated state of the system
400. The system 400 includes a preferred embodiment of the
automatic fluid control assembly 100 of FIG. 2 to provide an
automatic fluid control assembly which interconnects and controls
the flow of fluid from primary and secondary fluid sources W, G to
the network of pipes BP and the fire protection sprinklers 402. The
fluid control assembly 100 is preferably coupled to the water by
the service control valve E8 and coupled to the network of pipes BP
by the shut-off valve E9. The secondary gas supply G is preferably
coupled to the outlet port 124 of the valve body 112. The
compressed gas G fills the piping network BP and acts on the outlet
member 116b so that the member engages the seat 116a to form a
fluid tight air seat of the valve control assembly 100 in an
unactuated state of the system 400. Water is delivered to the inlet
110a and the preferred fluid chamber 128 or more preferably
diaphragm chamber 128 so that the inlet/diaphragm member 114b
engages the inlet seat 114a to form a fluid tight water seat in an
unactuated state of the system 400. In a preferred arrangement,
water delivered to the inlet 110a flows through the inlet port 122
and through the normally open first electrically controlled point
E11 to fill and pressurize the fluid or diaphragm chamber 128. With
the air and water seats formed, the intermediate chamber 118 is
preferably maintained under atmospheric pressure.
[0051] The detectors and sensors T, P and preferred electrically
controlled points E of the flow control assembly 100 are coupled to
the controller 420 to provide for the desired monitoring, operation
and control of the fluid control assembly 100 in each of the
unactuated, actuated and post-actuated states of the system 400. In
the event of fire, the valve body 112 actuates or trips to open
each of the air and water seats to deliver water to one or more
actuated sprinklers 402 to address the fire. For a double-interlock
preaction system 400, two fire-indicating conditions are required
to actuate the valve assembly 100. Accordingly, the controller 420
defines two zones which are to be triggered to actuate the valve
assembly 100. In a preferred operation due to a fire condition, the
fire detectors 404 notifies the first zone Zone 1 at the controller
420. The subsequent thermal actuation of a fire protection
sprinkler 402 relieves air pressure from the network of pipes BP
and relieves the air pressure acting on the outlet member 116b of
the assembly 100. The outlet port fluid detector T11 or other
fluid/pressure detector along the network of pipes BP detects the
loss of pressure and signals the second zone Zone 2 of the
controller 420. With the two zones Zone 1 and 2 of the controller
activated, the controller 420 signals operation of the preferably
normally closed second electrically controlled point or solenoid
valve E12 to open to relieve pressure from the preferred fluid or
diaphragm chamber 128 to disengage the inlet or diaphragm member
114b from the inlet seat 114a. In the embodiment shown, the control
line 113 includes the check-valve or other unidirectional
restriction 115; and thus, water from the second solenoid valve E12
is discharged at a rate greater than is provided from energized
first solenoid valve E11 to pressurize the diaphragm chamber 128.
Accordingly water flows from the inlet 110a to the outlet 110b.
Alternatively, the assembly 100 can be tripped by the change in
states of the first and second solenoid valves E11, E2 in any
manner previously described. The water flow is preferably detected
by the intermediate chamber port fluid detector T12 to validate
that the system 100 is flowing water. Fluid pressure detected at
the intermediate chamber port detector T12 also de-energizes and
closes the first electrically controlled point or solenoid valve
E11 to prevent water from feeding the diaphragm chamber 128 and
allowing the fluid control assembly 100 to fully open. Moreover,
the respective controlled closure and opening of the first and
second solenoid valves prevents re-pressurizing the fluid chamber
128 and the reengagement of the inlet member 116b and inlet seat
116a. Again, the preferred valve assembly 100 provides that the
preferred diaphragm chamber 128 does not re-pressurize and close
the diaphragm valve 112a during a fire event in which there is a
primary and/or secondary power loss. In the event of a power loss,
the electric latch maintains the fluid control assembly 100 in the
open position preferably until such time as the assembly is
manually reset.
[0052] Alternatively, remote or automatic resetting of the valve
assembly 100 can be provided by appropriate operation of the first
and second controlled points or preferred solenoid valves E11, E12.
In one preferred method of resetting the system, the second
solenoid valve E12 is closed and the first solenoid valve E11 is
opened to pressurize the diaphragm chamber 128. When the fluid
detector T14 at the diaphragm chamber detects a stable pressure,
the preferred solenoid valves E14, E15 at the outlet and
intermediate chamber ports 124, 126 are opened to drain the system
piping BP. In one preferred embodiment of, once the outlet port
fluid detector T11 indicates no pressure (0 psig), a notification
is preferably given to appropriate personnel at the controller 420
or remotely therefrom to replace any operated sprinklers 402. The
outlet and intermediate chamber solenoid valves E14, 15 are then
closed and the system piping BP is permitted to re-pressurize with
the compressed gas G to the system unactuated operating pressure.
When the outlet port fluid detector T11 indicates proper system
pressure for the unactuated state, the controller 420 is preferably
reset and a notification is sent to appropriate personnel of a
satisfactory system reset.
[0053] During the actuation or tripping of the system 400, the
inlet port fluid detector T13 in combination with the controller
420 monitors and records the fluid pressure over time. It is
anticipated that the pressure significantly drops when the valve
body 112 first operates and then as the rest of the assembly 100
and network of pipes BP fills with water, the pressure increases
and stabilizes for the number of open sprinklers (i.e., end head
pressure is stabilized). The controller 420 with the inlet port
fluid detector T13 can determine the time to stabilization of water
pressure, which can be used to help validate calculated water
delivery times using fluid delivery time software. The water
delivery time is defined as the time from the operation of the
fluid control valve or assembly to the moment of delivery to an
open sprinkler at operating pressure.
[0054] In the unactuated state of the system 400, the inlet port
fluid detector T13 preferably in combination with the controller
420 preferably periodically or continuously monitors the water
supply for any one of pressure for a given point of time, variation
in pressure over time, average pressure over time, pressure surges,
and pressure drops. The pressure spikes or variations can be
evaluated to identify the potential for such spikes or variations
to cause false trips or other problems of the assembly 100.
Pressure drops at the inlet port 122 can be evaluated to determine
if there is inadequate water pressure for proper system operation
in event of a fire. Any detected over pressure variation or spikes
at the inlet fluid detector T13 and the controller 420 could be
used to determine the need for system adjustments in order to
prevent false trips. In another example, static and average water
supply pressure can be automatically measured by the inlet fluid
detector T13 at predetermined frequency, such as for example,
quarterly. Moreover, the inlet fluid detector T13 can provide at a
desired frequency, e.g., quarterly, a static and/or an average
water supply pressure output for documentation. In one preferred
aspect, the inlet solenoid valve E17 can be opened and then inlet
fluid detector T13 to provide a residual pressure determination for
output and documentation; the inlet solenoid valve E17 is
subsequently closed. The fluid values can be compared to readings
when the system 400 was first placed in service. Evaluation of the
readings below the initial or "normal" values can define a
recordable event that indicates an impaired water supply may affect
system performance.
[0055] In the unactuated state of the system 400, the intermediate
port fluid detector T12 preferably periodically or continuously
monitors the intermediate chamber 118 for an atmospheric pressure
condition being present. Detection of increased fluid pressure at
the intermediate port 126 and chamber 118 can indicate that the
valve body 112 has an internal leak. A detected pressure at the
detector T12 equal to the inlet fluid detector T13 can indicate
that the system has tripped when the solenoid valve E16 between the
fluid detector T12 and the inlet port 122 is in the normal closed
position. A detected pressure above atmospheric at the intermediate
port fluid detector T12 can also indicate leakage at either the
water seat leakage or air set leakage. If the intermediate port
fluid detector T12 senses an incremental pressure, the associated
electrically operated solenoid valve E15 can temporarily open to
relieve pressure until the event is corrected. The rate at which
the detected increases pressure over time, as sensed by the
detector T12, can be indicative of the size of the leak at the
seat(s) 114a, 116a. The intermediate electrically operated solenoid
valve E15 is preferably normally closed and preferably signaled
opened intermittently to relieve a level or rate of increased fluid
pressure as detected by the fluid detector T12. Accordingly, the
intermediate port fluid detector T12, solenoid valve E15 and
controller 420 can provide for an electric automatic drain valve
that can be coupled with remote communication to provide or enhance
remote system testing, operation, monitoring, maintenance and/or
set-up of the valve assembly 100 and system 400 or any other system
in which it is desirable to remotely regulate the internal
pressure. By sensing for a seat leakage, the fluid detector T12
with controlled operation of the solenoid valve E15 can prevent
false waterflow alarms and possible system trips.
[0056] Moreover, the preferred automatic fluid control assemblies
can validate proper trip conditions and non-trip conditions of the
double-interlocked system 400. For example, should a detector 404
inadvertently operate or an electric pull station be opened, the
first Zone 1 of the controller 420 would be activated, but would
not signal open the second solenoid valve E12 thereby preventing an
unnecessary trip of the system. The intermediate port fluid
detector T12 can validate the non-trip or unactuated condition by
continuously reading a normal atmospheric pressure. Similarly, the
intermediate port fluid detector T12 can validate another non-trip
or unactuated condition of the system where a sprinkler is
accidentally opened or broken away from the pipes BP by a non-fire
condition. For example, should a sprinkler 302 be accidentally
opened by accidental contact with a forklift, a loss of air
pressure in the network of pipes BP will result. Outlet fluid
detector T12 would activate Zone 2 of the controller 420, but the
controller 420 would not signal open the second control solenoid
valve E2 thereby preventing an unnecessary trip of the system.
Again, the intermediate port fluid detector T12 can validate the
non-trip or unactuated condition by continuously reading a normal
atmospheric pressure.
[0057] The intermediate port fluid detector T12 can also provide
for water flow validation or provide a preferred non-mechanical
"water flow alarm." Validation can be conducted at a predetermined
frequency in which the solenoid valve E16 is opened and the
pressure monitored by the intermediate port fluid detector T12. The
fluid pressure is monitored to determine or verify that the fluid
pressure increases from atmospheric to equivalent of the inlet
pressure detected at the inlet fluid detector T13. The detected
change in fluid pressure can be signaled as a "water flow alarm" at
the controller 420 for notification to operating or maintenance
personnel locally or remotely. Once the periodic test is concluded
the intermediate solenoid valve E16 can be closed and the other
solenoid valve E15 can be signaled to be temporarily opened to
drain the interconnected lines. The intermediate fluid detector T12
can preferably provide a documented history of the water flow alarm
test.
[0058] In the unactuated state of the system 400, the fluid or
diaphragm chamber detector T14 in connection with the controller
420 at the preferred diaphragm chamber port 130 preferably
periodically or continuously monitors the diaphragm chamber 128
water supply for any one of pressure for a given point of time,
variation in pressure over time, average pressure over time,
pressure surges, and pressure drops. The detected diaphragm chamber
pressure is preferably continuously compared to the pressure
detected by the inlet port detector T13. Differences in the two
pressures can be used to evaluate conditions leading up to an
inadvertent and unexplained tripping of the system.
[0059] In the unactuated state of the system 400, the outlet port
fluid detector T11 in combination with the controller 420
preferably periodically or continuously monitors the system air or
gas pressure for any one of: pressure for a given point of time,
variation in pressure over time, average pressure over time,
pressure surges, and/or pressure drops. Monitoring the loss of air
pressure over time can be evaluated to determine or validate
operation of a sprinkler 402 versus a leak in the system piping BP.
Detection of a decay or decreasing pressure at the outlet port 124
at a rate greater than what is capable of being automatically
replenished by the compressed gas supply G, with the intermediate
chamber pressure at a normal atmospheric condition, and in the
absence of a detected fire by the detectors 404 can be used to
indicate inadvertent operation of a sprinkler 402. The rate of
change over time at the outlet port fluid detector T11 can be
compared and evaluated against other collected data such as for
example the ambient temperature changes detected by sensor(s) A1 to
validate an inadvertent sprinkler operation as compared to a proper
thermally actuated sprinkler response to a fire.
[0060] Moreover, the outlet port fluid detector T11 can monitor and
validate the compressed gas supply G for proper system operation.
For example, at a predetermined frequency, e.g., quarterly, the
outlet fluid detector T11 monitors air pressure at the outlet 110b
and the electrically operated solenoid valve E14 is opened to
slowly decrease air pressure. At a predetermined low air setting,
for example at the controller 420, a low air alarm can be signaled
and the low air condition validated. The outlet port solenoid valve
E14 can then be signaled to a closed position, and the outlet fluid
detector T11 can validate or verify that the air supply in the
network of pipes BP is automatically returned to a normal operating
pressure. The fluid detector T11 can be used to provide documented
history of both the low air testing and automatic air supply
testing.
[0061] The preferred automatic fluid control assembly 100 can also
provide for other remote testing of the system 400 and its various
operational components. More particularly, the fluid control
assembly 100 can provide for remote trip testing of the system 400
without flooding the system with the water or other firefighting
fluid. In the preferred method, the shut-off valve E9 is preferably
electrically signaled closed and the second electrically operated
solenoid valve E14 at the outlet port 124 is signaled opened. Upon
release of a sufficient amount or decay in the air pressure, the
outlet fluid detector T11 can provide for a low pressure actuation
signal at the second zone Zone 2 of the releasing panel or
controller 420 to indicate proper system operation for low pressure
detection and actuation. The controller 420 can record a proper
non-water flow condition upon the loss of air (sprinkler) only in
which the first zone Zone 1 of the panel in activated. To detect
proper system detection of air pressurization, the second outlet
valve E14 can be signaled closed to permit the delivered gas or air
from source G to pressure the outlet 110b of the assembly 100. The
fluid detector T11 can detect and signal a proper gas pressure
condition in the network of pipes BP. A proper non-flow condition
for the double-interlock system 400 can be tested in which there is
a fire detection signal but no loss in air pressure. The first zone
Zone 1 of the controller 420 is activated to simulate a fire
detection. Without the second zone Zone 2 activated, the preferred
diaphragm chamber fluid detector T14 detects and signals that there
is no waterflow or change in chamber pressure. The controller 420
can record a proper non-flow condition on a first zone Zone 1
activation or simulated fire detection only.
[0062] In the preferred remote trip test, the sprinkler piping BP
is not filled with water and maintains its internal gas pressure as
detected by the piping fluid detector T15. To perform the test,
each of the first and second zones Zone 1, Zone 2 is activated.
More specifically, zone Zone 1 of the controller 420 is remotely
activated to simulate a fire and the first output solenoid valve
E13 is signaled open to release air from the outlet and simulate an
actuated sprinkler and activate the second zone Zone 2 of the
controller 420. Accordingly, the first solenoid valve E11 can be
de-energized closed and the second solenoid valve E12 signaled open
to relieve pressure from the diaphragm chamber 128 so as to trip
the assembly 100 and deliver water from the inlet 110a to the
outlet 110b and out the outlet solenoid valve E13. Water flow
and/or pressure detected by intermediate chamber fluid detector T12
validates the proper fluid flow and signals the controller 420
accordingly.
[0063] Under the preferred remote trip test, the diaphragm valve
112a is reset and system pressurization is verified. Thus, the
second solenoid valve E12 is closed and the first solenoid vale E11
is energized open to pressurize the diaphragm chamber 128 to stop
the flow of water from the inlet 110a to the outlet 110b. Once the
inlet fluid detector T13 indicates stable pressure, the first
output solenoid valve E13 is closed and the outlet 110b is
automatically pressurized with air from source G. When the outlet
fluid detector T11 signals normal system pressure and is preferably
substantially equivalent to the pressure detected by the fluid
detector T15 along the branch pipes BP, the system shut-off valve
E9 is opened. All fluid detectors are evaluated for stability and
any fluid leakage. With the trip test satisfactorily completed, the
controller 420 preferably records proper detection and response by
the assembly 100 to a simulated fire and sprinkler operation.
[0064] Again, as previously described, the electrically operated
control points or solenoid valves E can be used to provide a quick
opening device or accelerator of a system. For example, the outlet
port fluid detector T11 can monitor the decay in gas pressure
within the branch pipe to the threshold level at which a low air
activation of the controller 420 at zone 2 should take place. The
detector T11 in combination with the controller 420 can define a
threshold rate of decay in gas pressure in the piping BP, such as
for example -0.1 psi./sec. drop, which defines an actuated
sprinkler condition. Upon detecting the threshold rate, the
controller 420 can signal operation of the second solenoid valve
E12 to relieve fluid pressure in the diaphragm chamber 16 and
initiate actuation of the automatic valve assembly 10'. Moreover,
the assembly 10 and controller 320 can incorporate algorithms for
detection of an open sprinkler condition as shown and described in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,971,080, to provide for a desired system response
time such as for example an accelerated response time.
Additionally, the system 400 can include one or more including up
to four electrically operated solenoid valves E10 disposed along
the branch line BP and coupled to the centralized controller 420.
The solenoid valves E10 are preferably disposed at the end or along
the most hydraulically remote portion of the piping BP. The
solenoid valve(s) E10 can be signaled and operated at a
predetermined frequency, e.g., quarterly, and the valve(s) E10 can
be signaled for simultaneous or sequential operation to test the
response of the system to air loss. Upon operation of the solenoid
valve E10, the outlet port fluid detector T11 can monitor the decay
in gas pressure within the network of pipes. The centralized
controller 420 can compare the test results to those prior to
validate proper operation of the low threshold activation which
defines the accelerated operation of the system.
[0065] The system 400 preferably includes the fifth fluid detector
T15 proximate the sprinklers 402 and along the network of pipes BP
and preferably at a remote location from the automatic fluid
control assembly 100 and more preferably proximate the solenoid
valves E10, which can serve as an inspector's test connection. In
the unactuated state of the system 400, the fluid detector T15 in
connection with the controller 420 preferably periodically or
continuously monitors the system compressed gas or air for any one
of pressure for a given point of time, variation in pressure over
time, average pressure over time, pressure surges, and pressure
drops. In addition to its use in the remote trip test, the fluid
detector T15 can convey the collected data to the controller 420
and to remote personnel for use, for example, to detect the
end-head pressure of water delivered to the remote portion of the
sprinkler pipes BP and for determining the fluid delivery time of
water. The fifth fluid detector T15 can be used in conjunction with
the inlet port fluid detector T13 and the controller 420 to
determine pressure versus time relationship for the system 400 to
fill with water and time for stabilization for the number of open
sprinklers (i.e., when end head pressure is stabilized). The time
for stabilization can be reported remotely for validating water
delivery times for systems calculated using fluid delivery time
software.
[0066] The ambient temperature sensor(s) A1 in connection with the
controller 420 preferably periodically or continuously monitor the
ambient temperature for the protected area OCC for any one of a
given point in time, variation of ambient temperature over time,
and average ambient temperature over time. For dry systems, the gas
pressure within the pipes BP can be a function of the ambient
temperature of the occupancy OCC. Because water delivery time is a
function of gas pressure in the system piping, the water delivery
time can be a function of the ambient temperature. Accordingly, the
detected ambient temperatures can be combined with fluid flow or
pressure readings from fluid detector T15 for communication to
remote personnel to determine or evaluate the fluid delivery time.
Moreover, the temperature profiles from the detected ambient
temperatures can be compared to the pressure changes or profiles
recorded by the fluid detectors T11, T15 at each of the outlet port
124 and at the preferred remote location along the network of pipes
BP. The comparative data can be used to evaluate, troubleshoot,
validate and/or compare and contrast calculated water delivery
times under assumed ambient conditions to water delivery times
determined under actual conditions.
[0067] While the present invention has been disclosed with
reference to certain embodiments, numerous modifications,
alterations, and changes to the described embodiments are possible
without departing from the sphere and scope of the present
invention, as defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, it is
intended that the present invention not be limited to the described
embodiments, but that it has the full scope defined by the language
of the following claims, and equivalents thereof.
* * * * *