U.S. patent application number 15/428334 was filed with the patent office on 2017-07-06 for brake disk and method for producing a brake disk.
This patent application is currently assigned to Robert Bosch GmbH. The applicant listed for this patent is Michael Honer, Thomas Kiedrowski, Peter Schluck. Invention is credited to Michael Honer, Thomas Kiedrowski, Peter Schluck.
Application Number | 20170191536 15/428334 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45894444 |
Filed Date | 2017-07-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170191536 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Schluck; Peter ; et
al. |
July 6, 2017 |
Brake Disk and Method for Producing a Brake Disk
Abstract
A brake disc includes a basic body with at least one contact
surface that has a wearing coat applied thereon. The at least one
contact surface of the basic body is pretreated to realize the bond
between the searing coat and the basic body. The at least one
pretreated contact surface of the basic body has a surface
topography that is modified by laser irradiation and has at least
one predetermined parameter. A method produces the brake disc.
Inventors: |
Schluck; Peter;
(Wolfschlugen, DE) ; Honer; Michael; (Gerlingen,
DE) ; Kiedrowski; Thomas; (Sersheim, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Schluck; Peter
Honer; Michael
Kiedrowski; Thomas |
Wolfschlugen
Gerlingen
Sersheim |
|
DE
DE
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
Robert Bosch GmbH
Stuttgart
DE
|
Family ID: |
45894444 |
Appl. No.: |
15/428334 |
Filed: |
February 9, 2017 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
14117379 |
Nov 13, 2013 |
9638276 |
|
|
PCT/EP2012/054434 |
Mar 4, 2012 |
|
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15428334 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C23C 4/10 20130101; F16D
2065/1304 20130101; F16D 2250/0038 20130101; B23K 26/352 20151001;
F16D 2069/005 20130101; B23K 26/354 20151001; C23C 4/02 20130101;
F16D 2065/132 20130101; F16D 65/125 20130101; F16D 65/127 20130101;
B23K 26/3584 20180801; F16D 2200/0013 20130101; B05D 1/02 20130101;
F16D 2250/0046 20130101; B23K 26/355 20180801 |
International
Class: |
F16D 65/12 20060101
F16D065/12; B23K 26/00 20060101 B23K026/00; B23K 26/352 20060101
B23K026/352; C23C 4/02 20060101 C23C004/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 13, 2011 |
DE |
10 2011 075 821.6 |
Claims
1. A brake disk, comprising: a basic body with at least one contact
surface, the basic body being formed of gray cast iron; and a
wearing coat applied to the at least one contact surface, wherein
the at least one contact surface of the basic body is modified by
laser radiation to realize the bond between the wearing coat and
the basic body, and wherein the at least one contact surface of the
basic body is modified by laser radiation such that the at least
one contact surface is decarburized.
2. The brake disk as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one
contact surface of the basis body is further modified by radiation
to have one or more of a predetermined structure, a predetermined
degree of cleanness, and a predetermined roughness.
3. The brake disk as claimed in claim 2, wherein the at least one
contact surface is further modified to have the predetermined
structure, and wherein the predetermined structure of the at least
one contact surface is configured in one or more of a meandering
form, a grooved form, and a spiraled form.
4. The brake disk as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wearing coat
is sprayed on the at least one modified contact surface of the
basic body.
5. The brake disk as claimed in claim 2, wherein the at least one
contact surface has a modified surface topography having the
predetermined roughness, the modified surface topography being
caused by a combination of melt and vapor produced by melting and
vaporizing portions of the at least one contact surface by the
laser radiation.
Description
[0001] This application is a divisional application of co-pending
application Ser. No. 14/117,379, which has a 35 U.S.C. .sctn.371(c)
date of Nov. 13, 2013 and is a 35 U.S.C. .sctn.371 National Stage
Application of PCT/EP2012/054434, filed on Mar. 14, 2012, which
claims the benefit of priority to German Application No. 10 2011
075 821.6, filed on May 13, 2011, the disclosures of which are
incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The disclosure is based on a brake disk of the generic type
of independent patent claim 1 and on an associated method for
producing a brake disk of the generic type of independent patent
claim 6.
[0003] Brake disks that are subject to a high degree of wear and
associated production methods are known from the prior art. These
methods involve applying to a basic body a wearing coat that is
much more resistant to wear than the basic body. In order that the
applied wearing coat adheres to the basic body, the contact surface
of the basic body is pretreated in a prior process. This
pretreatment comprises, for example, cleaning the contact surface,
applying a layer of adhesion promoter, etc. For example, a brake
disk and a method for producing a brake disk are described in the
laid-open patent application DE 10 2007 020 891 A1. The brake disk
described comprises a basic body of a base material, which is
provided at least on one of its contact surfaces intended for
interacting with a brake lining, entirely or in certain portions
with a metallic friction coating, which contains wear-reducing hard
particles, for example of ceramic, the friction coating being
formed as a spray compaction coating. In one production step, the
oxide film on the contact surface of the basic body is removed and
the contact surface is preheated in order to increase the adhesion
of the wearing coat. Subsequently, the wearing coat is sprayed onto
the contact surface of the basic body.
[0004] This involves mixing a metallic compound with hard particles
at high speeds.
[0005] A brake disk and a method for producing a brake disk are
described in the laid-open patent application DE 100 56 161 A1. The
brake disk comprises a basic body with at least one contact surface
and at least one wearing coat, applied to the at least one contact
surface of the basic body. In one production step, the oxide film
or other contaminants on the contact surface of the basic body
is/are removed and the contact surface is roughened by means of
blasting with fine particles, in order to increase the adhesion of
the wearing coat. Subsequently, the wearing coat is sprayed onto
the contact surface of the basic body by the flame, arc or plasma
spray-coating process.
SUMMARY
[0006] By contrast, the brake disk according to the invention with
the features of independent patent claim 1 and the method according
to the disclosure for producing a brake disk with the features of
independent patent claim 6 have the advantage that the brake disk
is pretreated such that the at least one contact surface of the
basic body has a surface topography modified by laser radiation,
with at least one predetermined parameter.
[0007] The various predeterminable parameters of the surface
topography are understood hereafter as meaning, for example, a
structure, a degree of cleanness, a chemical composition, a
roughness, etc., of the pretreated contact surface. Thus, for
example, individual parameters or a combination of the parameters
mentioned may be predetermined for producing a desired surface
topography of the contact surface.
[0008] In comparison with preheating, a surface topography of the
at least one contact surface that has been modified by laser
radiation leads to better adhesion between the basic body and the
wearing coat. Furthermore, a surface topography of the at least one
contact surface that has been modified by laser radiation is less
expensive and less complex to realize than the application of a
layer of adhesion promoter. Furthermore, by contrast with a
modification by means of blasting with fine particles, a surface
topography of the at least one contact surface that has been
modified by laser radiation is reproducible. A further advantage of
laser radiation is that no fine particle inclusions on the contact
surface have an adverse effect on the adhesion between the basic
body and the wearing coat.
[0009] The laser-radiation-based method for modifying a surface
topography of at least one contact surface of the metallic and/or
ceramic basic body of the brake disk consequently leads
advantageously to an increase in the adhesion between the basic
body and the wearing coat. Moreover, parameters of the laser
radiation, such as for example energy expended and/or intensity
and/or dimensioning and/or duration of the radiation, etc., can be
specifically controlled and adapted to the existing circumstances
and to the at least one predetermined parameter of the surface
topography of the contact surface.
[0010] Embodiments of the brake disk according to the disclosure
comprise a basic body with at least one contact surface, to which a
wearing coat has been applied. To realize the bond between the
wearing coat and the basic body, the at least one contact surface
of the basic body is pretreated. According to the disclosure, at
least one predetermined parameter of a surface topography of the at
least one contact surface of the basic body is modified by laser
radiation.
[0011] Embodiments of the method according to the disclosure for
producing such a brake disk provide a basic body with at least one
contact surface, to which a wearing coat is applied. To realize the
bond between the wearing coat and the basic body, the at least one
contact surface of the basic body is pretreated. According to the
disclosure, at least one predetermined parameter of a surface
topography of the at least one contact surface of the basic body is
modified by laser radiation.
[0012] Advantageous improvements of the brake disk specified in
independent patent claim 1 and of the method for producing a brake
disk specified in patent claim 6 are possible by the measures and
developments that are recited in the dependent claims.
[0013] It is particularly advantageous that the at least one
predetermined parameter of the modified surface topography of the
at least one contact surface comprises a predetermined structure
and/or a predetermined degree of cleanness and/or a predetermined
chemical composition and/or a predetermined roughness. This leads
advantageously to a contact surface to which the wearing coat can
adhere better. The adhesion of the wearing coat may be improved,
for example, by a higher degree of cleanness. A higher degree of
cleanness is understood as meaning a low occurrence of deposits,
such as for example grease and/or carbon. A further improvement in
the adhesion can be achieved by an adaptation of the chemical
composition of the contact surface. Furthermore, the adhesion of
the wearing coat can be improved by a greater roughness of the
contact surface. The improved adhesion of the wearing coat on the
contact surface allows the reliability of the braking effect of the
brake disk in interaction with corresponding brake linings to be
improved. The brake disk according to the disclosure consequently
has a contact surface with advantageous parameters of the surface
topography, which achieve improved adhesion of the wearing coat,
and consequently increase the reliability of the brake disk.
[0014] In an advantageous refinement of the brake disk according to
the disclosure, the at least one contact surface of the basic body
may have a surface worked by laser radiation in a meandering and/or
grooved and/or spiraled form. This advantageously makes a uniformly
worked contact surface possible.
[0015] The basic body of the brake disk according to the disclosure
may be made, for example, as a metallic and/or ceramic body. This
advantageously makes a great range of possible alloys and compounds
that are extremely stable possible, such as for example gray cast
iron, cast steel, forged steel, spheroidal graphite cast iron,
aluminum, etc.
[0016] In a further advantageous refinement of the brake disk
according to the disclosure, the wearing coat is sprayed on the at
least one modified contact surface of the basic body. The spraying
operation advantageously makes it possible for the wearing coat to
be made extremely thin. In this way, the material properties of the
basic body can be advantageously combined with the material
properties of the wearing coat. This means, for example, that the
good thermal conductivity of the basic body can be combined with
the wear resistance of the wearing coat.
[0017] In an advantageous refinement of the method according to the
disclosure for producing a brake disk, a structure and/or a degree
of cleanness and/or a chemical composition and/or a roughness may
be predetermined by the laser radiation as at least one parameter
of the modified surface topography of the at least one contact
surface. Good preconditions for the adhesion of the wearing coat on
the contact surface are created by the predetermined parameter of
the modified surface topography, which depends on the properties of
the laser radiation that is used. Consequently, many different
possibilities of establishing a connection between the wearing coat
and the basic body are possible. This makes it possible to select
from various material compounds for the wearing coat, which can be
adapted to the circumstances.
[0018] In an advantageous refinement of the method according to the
disclosure for producing a brake disk, the at least one contact
surface may be heated and/or melted and/or vaporized and/or cleaned
by way of correspondingly settable parameters of the laser
radiation. In this way, a number of required preprocessing steps
can be carried out at the same time or in parallel. Thus, for
example, organic deposits, such as grease, can be removed from the
at least one contact surface by the high-energy radiation.
Furthermore, a modification of the chemical composition of the
surface topography of the contact surface can be realized by the
presence of reactive gases. In this way, the contact surface can be
advantageously decarburized. Furthermore, a homogenization of the
surface topography of the contact surface can be realized by the
laser radiation if the at least one contact surface is melted and
segregations and/or inclusions in the melt are dissolved. Since the
solidification takes place very rapidly by the self-quenching, the
alloying elements or impurities advantageously cannot become
segregated any longer. This leads to a contact surface that has
neither segregations nor inclusions. A further possibility for
determining the surface topography of the at least one contact
surface is a geometrical modification, which leads to a structuring
of the at least one contact surface. The irradiation has the effect
of vaporizing part of the contact surface and the combination of
melt and vapor that is present can advantageously lead to a change
in the surface structure. A surface with great roughness can in
this way be produced by adaptation of the laser parameters. It is
generally the case here that great roughness can lead to good
adhesion of the wearing coat on the contact surface.
[0019] Since the laser irradiation makes it possible for multiple
pretreatment steps to be carried out simultaneously on the basic
body of the brake disk, time and costs can be reduced in
particular.
[0020] Since the energy expended and/or the intensity and/or the
dimensions and/or the duration of irradiation with the laser
radiation can be specifically controlled, the laser radiation can
be adapted to the existing circumstances and to the predetermined
parameter of the surface topography. For example, laser radiation
with low energy merely heats up the surface. If more energy is
expended, the surface can then be freed of organic deposits. A
further increase in energy may lead to the melting, and finally
vaporizing, of the contact surface of the basic body. In this way,
the parameters of the surface topography of the contact surface can
be changed, it being possible for the various pretreatment steps to
be carried out separately and/or simultaneously.
[0021] In a further advantageous refinement of the method according
to the disclosure for producing a brake disk, the laser radiation
for the surface working of the at least one contact surface of the
basic body is conducted in a meandering and/or grooved and/or
spiraled form. This advantageously makes reproducible, uniform and
extensive working of the contact surface possible.
[0022] In a further advantageous refinement of the method according
to the disclosure for producing a brake disk, the wearing coat is
sprayed onto the modified surface topography of the contact surface
of the basic body. The adhesion of the wearing coat can be
advantageously increased by the previously carried out modification
of the surface topography of the at least one contact surface of
the basic body, giving rise to a large number of connection
possibilities, which can be adapted to the material properties and
to the circumstances. Thus, the wearing coat may be applied, for
example, by high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) and/or
atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). Furthermore, spraying operation
allows thin wearing coats to be realized.
[0023] Exemplary embodiments of the disclosure are represented in
the drawing and are explained in more detail in the description
that follows. In the drawing, the same reference signs designate
components or elements that perform the same or analogous
functions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional representation of a
detail of an exemplary embodiment of a brake disk according to the
disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 2 shows a perspective representation of an operation of
pretreating a basic body of the brake disk according to the
disclosure that is represented in FIG. 1 with laser radiation.
[0026] FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of an exemplary
embodiment of a production method according to the disclosure for a
brake disk.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the exemplary embodiment
represented of a brake disk 1 according to the disclosure comprises
a basic body 10 with at least one contact surface 12 and at least
one wearing coat 30. The basic body 10 is made as a metallic and/or
ceramic body. Furthermore, the basic body 10 is connected at the at
least one contact surface 12 to the wearing coat 30. To realize the
bond between the wearing coat 30 and the basic body 10, a
pretreatment of the surface topography of the at least one contact
surface 12 of the basic body 10 is provided. According to the
disclosure, the pretreated at least one contact surface 12 of the
basic body 10 has a surface topography modified by laser radiation
20, with at least one predetermined parameter.
[0028] In the exemplary embodiment represented, the contact surface
12 of the basic body 10 is heated and/or melted and/or vaporized
and/or cleaned by the laser radiation 20. Furthermore, the laser
radiation 20 is conducted over the contact surface 12 of the basic
body 10 in a grooved form. To achieve a modification of the surface
topography of the contact surface 12 of the basic body 10, other
ways of conducting the laser radiation 20 are possible, such as for
example conducting the laser radiation 20 in a meandering and/or
spiraled form.
[0029] After the completion of the modification of the surface
topography of the contact surface 12 of the basic body 10, the
wearing coat 30 is sprayed onto the modified surface topography of
the contact surface 12 of the basic body 10. The laser radiation 20
allows the desired parameters of the surface topography of the
contact surface 12 of the basic body 10 to be implemented easily,
quickly and reproducibly. Furthermore, embodiments of the brake
disk 1 according to the disclosure in interaction with
corresponding brake linings, which interact with the wearing coat
30 of the contact surface 12, make virtually wear-free operation of
the brake possible, since the modification of the surface
topography of the at least one contact surface 12 has the effect
that the wearing coat 30 reliably adheres to the contact surface 12
of the basic body 10 of the brake disk 1. As can be seen from FIG.
3, in a method step S10, the basic body 10 is produced with at
least one contact surface 12. The basic body 10 may, for example,
be cast, forged or otherwise produced from suitable materials, such
as gray cast iron, cast steel, forged steel, spheroidal graphite
cast iron, aluminum, etc.
[0030] In a method step S20, at least one predetermined parameter
of the surface topography of the at least one contact surface 12 of
the basic body 10 is modified by laser radiation 20. In an
advantageous way, the at least one contact surface 12 is heated
and/or melted and/or vaporized and/or cleaned by the laser
radiation 20. In this way, a number of steps for preprocessing the
contact surface 12 of the basic body 10 can be carried out at the
same time. For example, organic deposits can be removed, the
chemical composition of the surface topography of the contact
surface 12 modified and the contact surface 12 decarburized by the
high-energy laser radiation 20. Furthermore, the at least one
contact surface 12 may be melted by the laser radiation, so that
segregations and/or inclusions in the melt are dissolved. Since the
solidification takes place very rapidly by the self-quenching, the
alloying elements or impurities advantageously cannot become
segregated any longer and a homogeneous contact surface 12 is
obtained. Moreover, the laser radiation 20 may have the effect of
vaporizing part of the contact surface 12. The combination of melt
and vapor advantageously leads to a change in the surface
structure, so that a surface topography with great roughness can be
produced by adaptation of the laser parameters.
[0031] In a method step S30, the wearing coat 30 is applied to the
basic body 10.
[0032] Preferably, the wearing coat 30 is sprayed onto the modified
surface topography of the contact surface 12 of the basic body 10.
The adhesion of the wearing coat 30 can be advantageously increased
by the modification of the surface topography of the contact
surface 12 of the basic body 10 that is carried out in step S20,
giving rise to a large number of connection possibilities, which
can be adapted to the material properties and to the circumstances.
Thus, the wearing coat may be applied, for example, by
high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) and/or atmospheric plasma
spraying (APS).
* * * * *