U.S. patent application number 15/378449 was filed with the patent office on 2017-06-29 for golf ball.
This patent application is currently assigned to BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION. The applicant listed for this patent is BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION, BRIDGESTONE SPORTS CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Atsushi KOMATSU, Kazuo UCHIDA.
Application Number | 20170182373 15/378449 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 59088204 |
Filed Date | 2017-06-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170182373 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
UCHIDA; Kazuo ; et
al. |
June 29, 2017 |
GOLF BALL
Abstract
A golf ball capable of reducing the moment of inertial while
reducing spin in a driver shot will be provided. To that end, a
golf ball of the disclosure is a golf ball having a cover and,
provided that I.sub.b (gcm.sup.2) represents the moment of inertia
of the golf ball, .mu. (mm) represents deflection hardness
corresponding to a deformation amount (mm) of the golf ball in a
load direction from when an initial load of 10 kgf is applied to
the golf ball to when a final load of 130 kgf is applied to the
golf ball, and D represents Shore D hardness of the cover, a spin
change amount predictive index .DELTA.S' represented by the
following formula: .DELTA. S ' = ( .mu. D ) 2 82 - I b 82 2 10 6
##EQU00001## is at least 2.0.
Inventors: |
UCHIDA; Kazuo; (Fuchu-shi,
JP) ; KOMATSU; Atsushi; (Chichibu-shi, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION
BRIDGESTONE SPORTS CO., LTD. |
Tokyo
Tokyo |
|
JP
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION
Tokyo
JP
BRIDGESTONE SPORTS CO., LTD.
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
59088204 |
Appl. No.: |
15/378449 |
Filed: |
December 14, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 37/0087 20130101;
A63B 37/0012 20130101; A63B 37/0077 20130101; A63B 37/002 20130101;
A63B 37/0022 20130101; A63B 37/0021 20130101; A63B 37/0019
20130101; A63B 37/0076 20130101; A63B 37/0096 20130101; A63B
37/0031 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A63B 37/00 20060101
A63B037/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 24, 2015 |
JP |
2015-252076 |
Claims
1. A golf ball having a cover, wherein, provided that I.sub.b
(gcm.sup.2) represents a moment of inertia of the golf ball, .mu.
(mm) represents deflection hardness corresponding to a deformation
amount (mm) of the golf ball in a load direction from when an
initial load of 10 kgf is applied to the golf ball to when a final
load of 130 kgf is applied to the golf ball, and D represents Shore
D hardness of the cover, a spin change amount predictive index
.DELTA.S' represented by the following formula: .DELTA. S ' ( .mu.
D ) 2 82 - I b 82 2 10 6 ##EQU00009## is at least 2.0.
2. The golf ball according to claim 1, wherein the cover is made of
urethane.
3. The golf ball according to claim 1, wherein the spin change
amount predictive index .DELTA.S' is at least 2.5.
4. The golf ball according to claim 1, wherein the spin change
amount predictive index .DELTA.S' is at least 3.0.
5. The golf ball according to claim 1, wherein the cover is coated
with a top coat, and an elastic work recovery rate of the top coat
is 30 to 98%.
6. The golf ball according to claim 1, wherein an outer surface of
the cover has a plurality of dimples, and provided that PS7
represents an area of the golf ball in contact with a flat surface
upon application of a load of 700 kgf to the golf ball against the
flat surface, and VS represents, assuming that the golf ball has no
dimples on its surface, an area of a circle of a cross-section of
the golf ball taken along a diameter of the golf ball, the
following formula: (PS7/VS/.mu.)100.gtoreq.6.70(mm.sup.-1) is
satisfied.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This disclosure concerns a golf ball.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In General, desirable performance of a golf ball
(hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as a "ball") is such
that the ball easily flies farther in a driver shot, while the ball
easily stops in an approach shot. It has been known that, in order
to obtain a ball that easily flies farther in a driver shot, the
spin of the ball in a driver shot should be reduced, whereas, in
order to obtain a ball that easily stops in an approach shot, the
spin of the ball in an approach shot should be increased.
[0003] Conventionally, it had been believed that, in order to
reduce the spin in a driver shot, it is effective to increase the
moment of inertia of the ball, whereas, in order to increase the
spin in an approach shot, it is effective to reduce the moment of
inertia of the ball (e.g., PLT 1).
CITATION LIST
Patent Literature
[0004] PLT 1: JP-A-2014-110940
SUMMARY
[0005] We have found, however, that, by adjusting the structure of
the ball appropriately, it is possible, even when the moment of
inertia of the ball is small, to not only increase the spin in an
approach shot, but also to reduce the spin in a driver shot.
[0006] It could be helpful to provide a golf ball capable of
reducing the moment of inertia, while reducing the spin in a driver
shot.
[0007] A golf ball of the disclosure is a golf ball provided with a
cover, wherein, [0008] provided that [0009] I.sub.b (gcm.sup.2)
represents a moment of inertia of the golf ball, [0010] .mu. (mm)
represents deflection hardness corresponding to a deformation
amount (mm) of the golf ball in a load direction from when an
initial load of 10 kgf is applied to the golf ball to when a final
load of 130 kgf is applied to the golf ball, and [0011] D
represents Shore D hardness of the cover, [0012] a spin change
amount predictive index .DELTA.S' represented by the following
formula:
[0012] .DELTA. S ' = ( .mu. D ) 2 82 - I b 82 2 10 6
##EQU00002##
is at least 2.0.
[0013] The golf ball of the disclosure can reduce the moment of
inertia, while reducing the spin in a driver shot.
[0014] The golf ball of the disclosure may be configured such that
the cover is made of urethane.
[0015] According to this configuration, the spin in a driver shot
can be further reduced.
[0016] The golf ball of the disclosure may be configured such that
the spin change amount predictive index .DELTA.S' is at least
2.5.
[0017] According to this configuration, it is further possible to
reduce the moment of inertia, while reducing the spin in a driver
shot.
[0018] The golf ball of the disclosure may be configured such that
the spin change amount predictive index .DELTA.S' is at least
3.0.
[0019] According to this configuration, it is further possible to
reduce the moment of inertia, while reducing the spin in a driver
shot.
[0020] The golf ball of the disclosure may be configured such that
[0021] the cover is coated with a top coat, and [0022] an elastic
work recovery rate of the top coat is 30 to 98%.
[0023] According to this configuration, the spin in a driver shot
can be further reduced.
[0024] The golf ball of the disclosure may be configured such that
[0025] an outer surface of the cover has a plurality of dimples,
and [0026] provided that [0027] PS7 represents an area of the golf
ball in contact with a flat surface upon application of a load of
700 kgf to the golf ball against the flat surface, and [0028] VS
represents, assuming that the golf ball has no dimples on its
surface, an area of a circle of a cross-section of the golf ball
taken along a diameter of the golf ball, [0029] the following
formula:
[0029] (PS7/VS/.mu.)100.gtoreq.6.70(mm.sup.-1)
is satisfied.
[0030] According to this configuration, the spin in a driver shot
can be further reduced.
[0031] According to the disclosure, a golf ball capable of reducing
the moment of inertia, while reducing the spin in a driver shot,
can be provided.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] In the accompanying drawings:
[0033] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional diagram illustrating an example
of an internal structure of a golf ball according to one embodiment
of the disclosure;
[0034] FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating spins of the golf
ball put in a driver shot: FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram
illustrating a state of a driver shot, and FIG. 2B is a graph
illustrating force acting between the golf ball and a golf club in
a driver shot;
[0035] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating effects of the golf balls
of the disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the effects of the golf
balls of the disclosure;
[0037] FIGS. 5A to 5F are diagrams illustrating the effects of the
golf balls of the disclosure;
[0038] FIGS. 6A to 6F are diagrams illustrating the effects of the
golf balls of the disclosure;
[0039] FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating an example of
dimples applicable to the golf ball of the disclosure: FIG. 7A is a
side view of an example of the golf ball, and FIG. 7B is a
cross-sectional view of a portion of the golf ball illustrated in
FIG. 7A;
[0040] FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating another example of
the dimples applicable to the golf ball of the disclosure: FIG. 8A
is a side view of another example of the golf ball, and FIG. 8B is
a cross-sectional view of a portion of the golf ball illustrated in
FIG. 8A; and
[0041] FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating states of the same
golf ball upon applications of respective loads of 6864 N and 1961
N thereto.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0042] Hereinafter, embodiments of the disclosure will be described
by way of example with reference to the drawings.
[0043] [Structure of Golf Ball of the Disclosure]
[0044] A golf ball according to one embodiment of the disclosure
includes, for example, in addition to a core and an intermediate
layer on an outer side of the core, a cover forming an outermost
layer.
[0045] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of
an internal structure of the golf ball according to one embodiment
of the disclosure. A golf ball 1 of an example of FIG. 1 is what is
called a five-piece golf ball including an inner core 11, an
intermediate core 12 provided on an outer side of the inner core
11, an outer core 13 provided on an outer side of the intermediate
core 12, an intermediate layer 14 provided on an outer side of the
outer core 13, and a cover 15 having a plurality of dimples 30
formed on an outer surface thereof and provided on an outer side of
the intermediate layer 14. The cover 15 is coated with a top coat
16.
[0046] However, the golf ball of the disclosure can have any
internal structure other than that of FIG. 1. For example, the core
of the golf ball of the disclosure does not need to have a
three-layer structure composed of the inner core 11, the
intermediate core 12, and the outer core 13 as illustrated in the
example of FIG. 1 but can have a structure composed of one layer,
two layers, or 4 or more layers. Also, the intermediate layer of
the golf ball of the disclosure can be composed of a plurality of
layers.
[0047] According to the golf ball of the disclosure, provided that
I.sub.b (gcm.sup.2) represents the moment of inertia of the ball,
.mu. (mm) represents deflection hardness of the ball, and D
represents Shore D hardness of the cover, a spin change amount
predictive index .DELTA.S' represented by the following
formula:
.DELTA. S ' = ( .mu. D ) 2 82 - I b 82 2 10 6 ( 1 )
##EQU00003##
is at least 2.0 (.DELTA.S'.gtoreq.2.0).
[0048] Here, the moment of inertia of the ball (I.sub.b) can be
obtained by measurement using a moment of inertial measuring
apparatus (for example, M01-005 manufactured inertia Dynamics,
Inc.). This measuring apparatus calculates the moment of inertial
of the golf ball from a difference between a period of vibration
when the golf ball is placed on a jig of the measuring apparatus
and a period of vibration when the golf ball is not placed.
[0049] The deflection hardness .mu. (mm) of the golf ball
corresponds to a deformation amount (mm) of the golf ball in a load
direction from when an initial load of 10 kgf (approx. 98 N) is
applied to the golf ball to when a final load of 130 kgf (approx.
1275 N) is applied to the golf ball. The higher the value of the
deflection hardness of the golf ball, the softer the golf ball.
[0050] The Shore D hardness (D) of the cover is a value obtained by
preparing a sheet-like test piece with a thickness of 2 mm from a
material of the cover and measuring hardness of the sheet-like test
piece by using an ASTM-D2240 standard durometer "Type D". The
higher the value of the Shore D hardness of the cover, the harder
the cover.
[0051] Note that, as can be seen from the formula (1), in order to
have a positive value (larger than zero) of the spin change amount
predictive index .DELTA.S', the moment of inertia of the golf ball
I.sub.b needs to be smaller than 82 gcm.sup.2. The value 82 in
formula (1) is being used based on the fact that the moment of
inertia of existing common golf balls is approximately 81 to 82
gcm.sup.2. That is, the moment of inertia of the golf ball of the
disclosure is lower than that of the common golf balls.
[0052] Note that, hereinafter, the golf ball having the moment of
inertia of 82 gcm.sup.2 is referred to as a "standard ball.
[0053] Also, the golf ball of the disclosure satisfies
.DELTA.S'.gtoreq.2.0 by having the following three factors being
appropriately adjusted: the moment of inertia of the ball I.sub.b,
the deflection hardness of the ball, and the Shore D hardness of
the cover.
[0054] The golf ball according to one embodiment of the disclosure
satisfies weight (45.93 g or less) and an outer diameter (42.67 mm
or more) prescribed by USGA and R&A.
[0055] As can be understood from the descriptions of Examples and
Comparative Examples set forth below, the golf ball of the
disclosure, as compared with the standard ball, can reduce the
moment of inertia, while, not only increasing spin in an approach
shot but also reducing spin in a driver shot.
[0056] [How we Obtained Formula for a Spin Change Amount Predictive
Index .DELTA.S']
[0057] As described above, we have found that, depending on the
structure of the ball, it is possible, even when the moment of
inertia is small, to not only increase the spin in an approach shot
but also to reduce the spin in a driver shot. We then conceived
that the spin change amount predictive index .DELTA.S' defined by
the formula (1) allows an evaluation of an actual spin change
amount predictive index.
[0058] Here, how we obtained the spin change amount predictive
index .DELTA.S' will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and
2B. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of a driver
shot, and FIG. 2B is a graph illustrating force acting between the
golf ball 1 and a head 2 of a golf club and generated by a driver
shot. In the graph of FIG. 2B, the horizontal axis represents time,
and the vertical axis represents force exerted to the golf ball 1
from a club face 21 of the head 2 of the golf club. A "contact
period" in FIG. 2B refers to a period in which the ball 1 is in
contact with the club face 21. As for waveforms in FIG. 2B, a
waveform of a solid line is a waveform of the force actually acting
on the ball 1, and a sine-like wave, partially drawn with a broken
line smoothly continuous from the waveform of the solid line, is
provided to obtain a recoil period T described later.
[0059] As illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B, in a driver shot, the
force (shear force) acting on the ball 1 from the club face 21 is
generated first in a direction of putting a backspin on the ball 1
(in a positive direction) and, later, in a direction of putting a
topspin, reverse to the backspin, on the ball 1 (in a negative
direction). Here, provided that F.sub.b represents a total sum of
the force (impulse) acting on the ball 1 in the direction of
putting the backspin while the club face 21 and the ball 1 are in
contact with each other, and F.sub.top represents a total sum of
the force (the impulse) generated in the direction of putting the
topspin while the club face 21 and the ball 1 are in contact with
each other (taking positive and negative signs into account), as
the absolute value of the total thereof (F.sub.back+t.sub.top)
becomes smaller, the spin amount of the spin put on the ball 1 by a
driver shot decreases, hence it becomes more favorable.
[0060] In the graph of FIG. 2B, T representing the period of the
waveform partially drawn with a broken line smoothly continuous
from the waveform of the solid line (also referred to as the
"recoil period") is expressed by the following formula:
T = 2 .pi. / K x m + K t I ( 2 ) ##EQU00004##
Here, K.sub.x represents transverse rigidity of the ball, K.sub.t
represents rotational rigidity of the ball, m represents mass of
the ball, and I represents the moment of inertia of the ball.
[0061] As a result of various experiments and analyses, we have
found that:
[0062] (i) as the recoil period T becomes shorter, the total sum
(F.sub.back+F.sub.top) of the impulse of the force exerted on the
ball 1 from the club face 21 becomes smaller, thus the spin amount
decreases,
[0063] (ii) as the deflection hardness (pi) of the ball 1 becomes
higher (i.e., as the ball becomes softer), the contact period of
the club face 2 and the ball 1 becomes longer, and the total sum of
the force (the impulse) F.sub.top generated in the direction of
putting the topspin on the ball increases, and hence the spin
amount decreases, and
[0064] (iii) as the Shore D hardness (D) of the cover of the ball 1
becomes smaller (i.e., as the cover becomes softer), the friction
between the club face 2 and the ball 1 becomes higher, and the
shear force exerted on the ball is generated earlier,
and also found the relationships between the points (i) to (iii).
The points (ii) and (iii) can increase or decrease the effect of
point (i). Based on these findings, we defined an index S for
predicting the effect of the spin amounts in a driver shot and an
approach shot from the structure of the golf ball as
S = .mu. D 2 .pi. T = .mu. D K x m + K t I ( 3 ) ##EQU00005##
The meaning of this spin amount predictive index S is such that,
when ball structures of the same deflection hardness .mu. and the
same Shore D hardness D are compared, where the moment of inertia I
is a variable value, the larger the spin amount predictive index S,
the less the spin amount in a driver shot.
[0065] In formula (3), when the moment of inertia of the ball is
reduced as
I.fwdarw.I-.DELTA.I,
a change amount .DELTA.S of the spin predictive index S is
.DELTA. S = .differential. S .differential. I .DELTA. I = .mu. K t
2 D K x m + K t I .DELTA. I I 2 = K t 2 ( .mu. D ) 2 1 S .DELTA. I
I 2 ( 4 ) ##EQU00006##
[0066] In formula (4), suppose
.DELTA.I=I.sub.a-I.sub.b
is satisfied,
.DELTA. S = K t 2 ( .mu. D ) 2 1 S I a - I b I a 2 ( 5 )
##EQU00007##
is obtained. Here, I.sub.a represents the moment of inertia of the
standard ball, and I.sub.b represents the moment of inertia of the
ball subject to evaluation.
[0067] In formula (5), K.sub.t and S are values associated with the
standard ball and thus can be regarded as constant coefficients.
For convenience, the constant coefficients in formula (5) are
manipulated as shown in formula (6), whereby a spin change amount
predictive index .DELTA.S' is defined by
.DELTA. S ' = 2 K t S .DELTA. S 10 6 = ( .mu. D ) 2 1 S I a - I b I
a 2 10 6 ( 6 ) ##EQU00008##
[0068] In formula (6), if the moment of inertia of the standard
ball I.sub.a is substituted by 82, the formula (1) set forth above
can be obtained.
EXAMPLES AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES
[0069] As described above, the golf ball of the disclosure is
configured such that .DELTA.S'.gtoreq.2.0 is satisfied by having
the following three factors being appropriately adjusted: the
moment of inertia of the ball (I.sub.b), the deflection hardness
(.mu.) of the ball, and the Shore D hardness (D) of the cover. With
this configuration, as compared with the standard ball, the moment
of inertia is reduced, while, not only increasing the spin in an
approach shot, but also reducing the spin in a driver shot.
[0070] The golf balls of the disclosure according to Examples 1 to
13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 14 were prepared and evaluated.
Results of the evaluation will be described with reference to
Tables 1 to 5 and FIGS. 3 to 4. Details of Examples 1 to 13 are
shown in Table 1, and details of Comparative Examples 1 to 14 are
shown in Table 2.
[0071] In Table 1 and Table 2, lower case letters a to u shown in
columns of "Composition" of the inner core 11, the intermediate
core 12, and the outer core 13 correspond to compositions a to u in
Table 3, respectively. In Table 1 and Table 2, also, upper case
letters A to H shown in columns of "Composition" of the
intermediate core 12, the outer core 13, the intermediate layer 14,
and the cover 15 correspond to compositions A to H in Table 4,
respectively. The numbers of compositions in Tables 3 and 4 are in
unit of parts by weight.
[0072] In Tables 1 and 2, ".mu.: Deflection hardness (mm)" is the
deformation amount (mm) of the respective balls in the load
direction from when an initial load of 10 kgf (approx. 98 N) is
applied to the ball to when a final load of 130 kgf (approx. 1275
N) is applied to the ball.
[0073] In Tables 1 and 2. "I.sub.b: Moment of inertia (gcm.sup.2)"
is a value obtained by measuring the respective balls using a
moment of inertia measuring apparatus (M01-005 manufactured inertia
Dynamics, Inc.).
[0074] In Tables 1 and 2, "Shore D hardness" of the intermediate
layer 14 and "D: Shore D hardness" of the cover 15 were obtained by
preparing a sheet-like test piece with the thickness of 2 mm from
respective materials and measuring the hardness of the test piece
using an ASTM-D2240 standard durometer "Type D".
[0075] In Tables 1 and 2, ".DELTA.S': Spin change amount predictive
index" is a value calculated from the formula (1) set forth above
by using values p, D, and I.sub.b of the respective balls.
[0076] In Tables 1 and 2. "Driver spin (rpm)" and "Approach spin
(rpm)" refer to results of experiments of the spin amounts that
were obtained by a driver shot and an approach shot, respectively,
using respective balls.
[0077] In experiments of driver shot, a driver (W#1) was attached
to a Golf Swing Robot (manufactured by Miyamae Co., Ltd.), and the
spin amount at the time when the robot hit the ball, with a head
speed (HS) of 45 m/s, was measured. The golf club that was used for
the experiments was "TourStage X-Drive 705 TYPE415 (2011 model)"
(loft: 9.5.degree.) manufactured by Bridgestone Sports Co.,
Ltd.
[0078] In experiments of approach shot, a sand wedge (SW) was
attached to a Golf Swing Robot (manufactured by Miyamae Co., Ltd.),
and the spin amount at the time when the robot hit the ball, with a
head speed (HS) of 20 m/s, was measured. The golf club that was
used for the experiments was "TourStage X-WEDGE" (loft: 56.degree.)
manufactured by Bridgestone Corporation.
[0079] The columns "Dimples", "PS7: Pressured area", "PS2:
Pressured area". "VS: Virtual area", "(PS7/VS/.mu.)100
(mm.sup.-1)", "(PS2/VS/.mu.)100 (mm.sup.-1)", and "Top coat" in
Tables 1 and 2 will be described later.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex- Ex-
Ex- Ex- ample ample ample ample ample ample ample ample ample ample
ample ample ample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Inner Diameter (mm)
18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1
core Specific gravity 2.85 2.85 2.85 1.78 1.78 2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85
2.85 2.85 2.85 2.85 Composition d e f h i e f d e f d e f Inter-
Diameter (mm) 29 29 29 -- -- 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 mediate
Specific gravity 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96
0.96 core Composition E F G F G E F G E F G Outer Diamter (mm) 37.7
37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 core
Specific gravity 0.96 0.96 0.96 1.1 1.1 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96
0.96 0.96 0.96 Composition D E H k l E H D E H D E H Inter-
Diameter (mm) 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05
41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 mediate Specific gravity 0.96 0.96 0.96
0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 layer Shore D 62
62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 hardness Composition CI CI CI
CI CI CI CI CI CI CI CI CI CI Cover Diameter (mm) 42.7 42.7 42.7
42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 Specific gravity
1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 D:
Shore D 47 47 47 47 47 61 61 47 47 47 47 47 47 hardness Composition
A A A A A B B A A A A A A .mu.: Deflection 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.0 3.5 2.8
3.3 2.5 3.0 3.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 hardness (mm) I.sub.b: Moment of 74.5
74.5 74.5 78.7 78.7 74.5 74.5 74.5 74.5 74.5 74.5 74.5 74.5 inertia
(g cm.sup.2) Dimples FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS.
FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A
8A 8A 8A and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B
and 7B and 7B and 8B and 8B and 8B PS7: pressured area 225 265 297
268 301 252 284 222 269 290 282 329 365 PS2: pressured area 64 72
89 74 92 70 84 62 76 90 75 91 100 VS: virtual area 1432 1432 1432
1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 (PS7/VS/.mu.) 100
(mm.sup.-1) 6.28 6.17 5.93 6.24 6.01 6.28 6.01 6.20 6.26 5.79 7.88
7.66 7.28 (PS7/VS/.mu.) 100 (mm.sup.-1) 1.79 1.68 1.78 1.72 1.84
1.75 1.78 1.73 1.77 1.80 20.9 2.12 2.00 Top Composition I I I I I I
I J J J I I I Coat Film thickness 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
15 15 (.mu.m) Elastic work 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 80.1
80.1 80.1 16.3 16.3 16.3 recovery rate (%) .DELTA.S : Spin change
3.2 4.5 6.2 2.0 2.7 2.4 3.3 3.2 4.5 6.2 3.2 4.5 6.2 amount
predictive index Driver spin (rpm) 2821 2665 2515 2858 2674 2639
2445 2805 2654 2527 2811 2651 2518 Approach spin (rpm) 6319 6169
6019 6063 5856 5819 5669 6332 6194 6034 6341 6197 6043 indicates
data missing or illegible when filed
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar-
Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar-
Compar- ative ative ative ative ative ative ative ative ative ative
ative ative ative ative Example Example Example Example Example
Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example
Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Inner Diameter (mm) 18.1
18.1 18.1 -- -- -- 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 -- -- -- 18.1 core Specific
gravity 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.78 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.85 Composition p q r g p q r
d Inter- Diameter (mm) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
mediate Specific gravity core Composition Outer Diamter (mm) 37.7
37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7 37.7
core Specific gravity 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.1 1.14 1.14
1.14 1.17 1.17 1.17 0.96 Composition s t u a b c j s t u m n o D
Inter- Diameter (mm) 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05
41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 41.05 mediate Specific gravity
0.96 0.96 0.96 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.96
layer Shore D 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 hardness
Composition C1 C1 C1 C2 C2 C2 C1 C1 C1 C1 C2 C2 C2 C2 Cover
Diameter (mm) 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7
42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 Specific gravity 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15
1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.16 D: Shore D 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 hardness Composition A A A A A A A B B B
B B B B .mu.: Deflection 2.5 3.0 3.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 2.5 2.3 2.8 3.3
2.3 2.8 3.3 2.3 hardness (mm) I.sub.b: Moment of 80 80 80 82 82 82
78.7 80 80 80 82 82 82 74.5 inertia (g cm.sup.2) Dimples FIGS.
FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS. FIGS.
FIGS. FIGS. 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A 7A and 7B and 7B
and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and 7B and
7B and 7B and 7B PS7: pressured area 224 267 301 222 260 295 221
211 250 285 223 261 292 220 PS2: pressured area 63 75 93 63 70 86
62 56 72 83 64 71 85 63 VS: virtual area 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432
1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 1432 (PS7/VS/.mu.) 100
(mm.sup.-1) 6.26 6.22 6.01 6.20 6.05 5.89 6.17 6.41 6.24 6.03 6.77
6.51 6.18 6.68 (PS7/VS/.mu.) 100 (mm.sup.-1) 1.76 1.75 1.86 1.76
1.63 1.72 1.73 1.70 1.80 1.76 1.94 1.77 1.80 1.91 Top Composition I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I Coat Film thickness 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
15 15 15 15 15 15 15 (.mu.m) Elastic work 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3
16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 recovery rate (%)
.DELTA.S : Spin change amount 0.8 1.2 1.6 0 0 0 1.4 0.4 0.6 0.9 0 0
0 1.6 predictive index Driver spin (rpm) 3102 2941 2779 3079 2919
2759 3142 2898 2740 2579 2879 2719 2559 2913 Approach spin (rpm)
6201 6023 5836 6155 5986 5816 6251 5883 5692 5486 5805 5636 5466
5969 indicates data missing or illegible when filed
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo-
Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- sition sition sition
sition sition sition sition sition sition sition sition sition a b
c d e f g h i j k l Polyb 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
100 100 Zinc 27.0 23.0 19.0 20.0 17.0 14.0 20.0 17.0 14.0 27.0 23.0
19.0 acrylate Peroxide *1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Tungsten 0 0 0
268 266 264 102 101.8 101.6 0 0 0 Anti-aging 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 agent *2 Zinc oxide 21.0 22.5 24.0 5.0
5.0 5.0 5. 5.0 5.0 10.0 11.5 13.5 Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo-
Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- sition sition sition sition
sition sition sition sition sition m n o p q r s t u Polyb 100 100
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Zinc 25.5 21.5 17.5 20.0 17.0 14.0 27.0
23.0 19.0 acrylate Peroxide *1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Tungsten 0 0 0 48
48.5 49 0 0 0 Anti-aging 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 agent
*2 Zinc oxide 22.0 23.5 25.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 *1
Peroxide(2): Mixture of 1,1-Di(t-butylperoxy)cyclohexane and
silica, product name PER (product of NOF Corporation) *2 Anti-aging
agent: product name No NS-6 (product of Ouchi Shinko Chemical
Industrial Co. Ltd) indicates data missing or illegible when
filed
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo- Compo-
Compo- Compo- Compo- sition sition sition sition sition sition
sition sition sition A B C1 C2 D E F G H T-8290 75 -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- T-8283 25 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- T-8260 -- 100 -- -- --
-- -- -- -- Himilan 1706 -- -- 35 35 -- -- -- -- -- Himilan 1557 --
-- 15 15 -- -- -- -- -- Himilan 1605 -- -- 50 50 -- -- -- -- --
HPF1000 -- -- -- -- 100 -- -- -- -- HPF2000 -- -- -- -- -- 100 --
-- 50 AD1035 -- -- -- -- -- -- 100 -- 50 AD1172 -- -- -- -- -- --
-- 100 -- Hytrel 4001 11 11 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Titanium oxide 3.9
3 -- 7 -- -- -- -- -- Polyethylene 1.2 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- wax
Isocyanate 7.5 7.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- compound Trimethylol- -- --
1.1 1.1 -- -- -- -- -- propane
[0080] The following are details of materials in Table 4.
[0081] T-8290: PANDEX.RTM. produced by DIC Bayer Polymer Ltd.,
MDI-PTMG-type thermoplastic polyurethane
[0082] T-8283: PANDEX.RTM.@ produced by DIC Bayer Polymer Ltd.,
MDI-PTMG-type thermoplastic polyurethane
[0083] T-8260: PANDEX.RTM. produced by DIC Bayer Polymer Ltd.,
MDI-PTMG-type thermoplastic polyurethane
[0084] Himilan 1706: ionomer produced by Du Pont-Mitsui
Polychemicals Co., Ltd.
[0085] Himilan 1557: ionomer produced by Du Pont-Mitsui
Polychemicals Co., Ltd.
[0086] Himilan 1605: ionomer produced by Du Pont-Mitsui
Polychemicals Co., Ltd.
[0087] HPF1000: Dupont HPF
[0088] HPF2000: Dupont HPF
[0089] AD1035: Dupont HPF
[0090] AD1172: Dupont HPF
[0091] Hytrel 4001: thermoplastic polyether-ester elastomer
produced by Du Pont-Toray Co., Ltd.
[0092] Polyethylene wax: "SANWAX161P" (product of Sanyo Chemical
Industries, Ltd.)
[0093] Isocyanate composition: 4,4'-diphenylmethane
diisocyanate
*Note that C1 and C2 have equivalent physical property values, and
differ only in specific gravity.
[0094] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the driver spin (rpm) and
the approach spin (rpm) of the balls of the Examples 1 to 5 and
Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the covers 15 of which have the Shore
D hardness (D) of 47. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the driver
spin (rpm) and the approach spin (rpm) of the balls of the Examples
6 to 7 and Comparative Examples 8 to 14, the covers 15 of which
have the Shore D hardness (D) of 61. In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the
horizontal axis represents the driver spin (rpm), and the vertical
axis represents the approach spin (rpm). As described above, it is
desirable when the spin amount is small in a driver shot and when
the spin amount is large in an approach shot. Therefore, in FIG. 3
and FIG. 4, performance of the ball becomes more favorable while
moving from the lower right towards the upper left.
[0095] As can be seen in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, when comparing the
balls of the Comparative Examples and Examples which have the
covers 15 of the same Shore D hardness (D), the balls of the
Examples which satisfied .DELTA.S'.gtoreq.2.0, as compared with the
balls of the Comparative Examples, favorably achieved both increase
of the spin amount in an approach shot and reduction of the spin
amount in a driver shot.
[0096] FIGS. 5A to 5F each illustrate the driver spin (rpm) of the
balls of the Comparative Examples and Examples which have the
covers 15 of the same Shore D hardness (D) and deflection hardness
(.mu.). FIGS. 6A to 6F each illustrate the approach spin (rpm) of
the balls of the Comparative Examples and Examples which have the
covers 15 of the same Shore D hardness (D) and deflection hardness
(p).
[0097] As can be seen in FIGS. 5A to 5F and FIGS. 6A to 6F, when
comparing the balls of the Comparative Examples and Examples which
have the covers 15 of the same Shore D hardness (D) and deflection
hardness (pi), the balls of the Examples which satisfied
.DELTA.S'.gtoreq.2.0, as compared with the balls of the Comparative
Examples, favorably achieved reduction of the spin amount in a
driver shot or increase of the spin amount in an approach shot.
[0098] Note that, from the viewpoint of reducing the moment of
inertia of the ball while reducing the spin amount of a driver
shot, the ball 1 of the present embodiment has the spin change
amount predictive index .DELTA.S' of preferably at least 2.5, more
preferably at least 3.0.
[0099] From a similar viewpoint, the ball 1 of the present
embodiment preferably satisfies I.sub.b.ltoreq.80 gcm.sup.2, 2.0
mm.ltoreq..mu..ltoreq.4.5 mm, and D.ltoreq.65. More preferably, the
ball 1 of the present embodiment satisfies 72
gcm.sup.2.ltoreq.I.sub.b.ltoreq.79 gcm.sup.2, 2.5
mm.ltoreq..mu..ltoreq.3.0 mm, and D.ltoreq.55.
[0100] The cover 15 of the ball 1 of the present embodiment is
preferably made of urethane. Therein a driver shot, the frictional
force between the ball 1 and the club face 21 of the golf club can
be increased, hence the spin amount can be further reduced.
[0101] [Dimples]
[0102] Next, the dimples 30 of the ball 1 of the present embodiment
will be described in more detail. The dimples 30 of the ball 1 of
the present embodiment can have any shape. FIGS. 7A to 7B and FIGS.
8A to 8B illustrate different examples of the dimples applicable to
the ball 1 of the present embodiment.
[0103] In the example illustrated in FIGS. 7A to 7B, each dimple 30
is curved in a convex shape protruding toward the inside of the
golf ball.
[0104] In the example illustrated in FIGS. 8A to 8B, the bottom
surface of each of the dimples 30, only in the central area
thereof, has a shape protruding toward the outside of the golf
ball. In this case, without compromising original aerodynamic
performance of the dimples 30, the pressured area, which will be
described later, can be enhanced. Note that, as illustrated in FIG.
8B, the portion protruding toward the outside of the ball 1 in the
central area of the dimples 30 may have a flat shape in the further
central region of the central area. In this case, as illustrated in
FIG. 8B, the peripheral portion of the flat region may have a
chamfered (rounded) corner, whereby the contact area between the
ball and the club face 21 at the time when the ball is hit can be
increased, and hence the spin amount in a driver shot can be
reduced.
[0105] Here, the ball 1 of the present embodiment preferably
satisfies:
(PS7/VS/.mu.)100.gtoreq.5.70(mm.sup.-1) (7)
[0106] In formula (7), "PS7" represents an area (referred to as the
"pressured area") (mm.sup.2) of the golf ball contacting with a
flat surface when a load of 700 kgf (approx. 6864 N) is applied to
the golf ball against the flat surface. In formula (7), "VS"
represents an area (referred to as a "virtual plane area")
(mm.sup.2) of the circle of the cross-section of the golf ball
taken along the diameter of the golf ball, when it is assumed that
the golf ball has no dimples 30 on its surface. In formula (7).
".mu." represents the deflection hardness (mm) of the ball 1
described above.
[0107] Note that "PS7/VS/.mu." in formula (7) is synonymous with
"PS7/(VS.mu.)". That is, ".mu." in formula (7) is a variable of the
denominator.
[0108] When the pressured area PS7 of the golf ball upon
application of the load in a driver shot by a typical golfer
satisfies the above formula (7), the contact area between the ball
1 and the club face 21 of the golf club increases and,
simultaneously, the frictional force between the ball 1 and the
club face 21 is enhanced. As a result, the backspin amount in a
driver shot can be reduced, and hence the fly distance can be
improved.
[0109] Note that, from a similar viewpoint, the ball 1 of the
present embodiment more preferably satisfies the following
formula:
(PS7/VS/.mu.)100.gtoreq.6.70(mm.sup.-1) (8)
[0110] Also, the ball 1 of the present embodiment preferably
satisfies the following formula:
(PS2/VS/.mu.)100.gtoreq.1.70(mm.sup.-1) (9)
[0111] In formula (9), "PS2" is the area (referred to as the
"pressured area") (mm.sup.2) of the golf ball contacting with a
flat surface when a load of 200 kgf (approx. 1961 N) is applied to
the golf ball against the flat surface. VS and p are the same as
those of the formulas (7) and (8).
[0112] Note that "PS2/VS/.mu." in formula (9) is synonymous with
"PS2/(VS.mu.)". That is, ".mu." in formula (9) is a variable of the
denominator.
[0113] When the pressured area PS2 of the golf ball upon
application of the load in an approach shot by a typical golfer
satisfies the above formula (9), the contact area between the ball
1 and the club face 21 of the golf club increases and,
simultaneously, the frictional force between the ball 1 and the
club face 21 is enhanced. Therefore, the backspin amount in an
approach shot can be increased, and hence the ball 1 can stop
sooner near its falling point.
[0114] Also, when the above formula (9) is satisfied, the total sum
of the impulse (F.sub.back+F.sub.top) of the force exerted on the
ball 1 from the club face 21 in a driver shot becomes smaller and,
simultaneously, the contact period of the club face 2 and the ball
1 becomes longer. Therefore, the total (the impulse) of the force
generated in the direction of putting the top spin on the ball is
increased, thereby the spin amount can be further reduced.
[0115] Note that, from a similar viewpoint, the ball 1 of the
present embodiment more preferably satisfies the following
formula:
(PS2/VS/.mu.)100.gtoreq.1.90(mm.sup.-1) (10)
[0116] In reference to Tables 1 and 2, the balls of the Examples 1
to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 14 had the dimples 30 in the
shape illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B, and the balls of the Examples
11 to 13 had the dimples 30 in the shape illustrated in FIGS. 8A
and 8B.
[0117] The balls of the Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1
to 14 each had the dimples 30 of six types with different
diameters, out of which the dimples 30 with a typical diameter of
4.4 mm, as illustrated in FIG. 7B, had a depth L of 0.150 mm at its
deepest point.
[0118] The balls of the Examples 11 to 13 had the dimples 30 of six
types with different diameters, out of which the dimples 30 with a
typical diameter of 4.4 mm, as illustrated in FIG. 8B, had a depth
H of 0.097 mm at its central point C, a depth D of 0.131 mm at its
deepest point, and, provided that a distance L1 along a virtual
extension plane (a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 8B) of the
peripheral surface of the ball 1 from the peripheral edge E to the
central point C is 100, a distance L2 along the virtual extension
plane of the peripheral surface of the ball 1 from the peripheral
edge E to an adjacent deepest position was 39. Further, the dimples
30 with the typical diameter of 4.4 mm had a radius of curvature R
of 0.5 mm and an edge angle A2 of 10.5.degree..
[0119] In Tables 1 and 2, the pressured areas PS7 and PS2 of each
ball were measured by the following method. First, a
pressure-sensitive sheet (a pressure measuring film, PRESCALE for
medium pressure produced by Fujifilm Corporation) was placed on a
flat surface, and the golf balls of the Examples and Comparative
Examples were placed thereon. Then, by using Model 4204 produced
instron Corporation, the load of 700 kgf (approx. 6864 N) and the
load of 200 kgf (approx. 1961 N) were separately applied to the
golf balls, and then the total area where the pressure-sensitive
sheet developed color due to contact with the golf ball was
measured by using PRESCALE pressure image analysis system FPD-9270
(product of Fujifilm Corporation). The pressured areas PS7 and PS2
in Tables 1 and 2 indicate results of the measurement conducted on
a random portion of the golf ball.
[0120] FIG. 9A illustrates an example of an actual
pressure-sensitive sheet which developed color upon application of
the load of 700 kgf (approx. 6864 N) to the golf ball, and FIG. 9B
illustrates an example of an actual pressure-sensitive sheet which
developed color upon application of the load of 200 kgf (approx.
1961 N) to the same golf ball as that of FIG. 9A. In these figures,
the circle portions are the dimples 30, and the colored area is
where the color was developed.
[0121] [Top Coat]
[0122] Next, the top coat 16 coated on the cover 15 of the ball 1
of the present embodiment will be described in more detail. For the
ball 1 of the present embodiment, the method of forming the top
coat 16 (a coating layer) by coating the outer surface of the cover
15 with a coating material may be any method including, for
example, an air gun coating method, an electrostatic coating
method, and the like.
[0123] The thickness of the top coat 16 is not particularly limited
but is normally 8 to 22 .mu.m, preferably 10 to 20 .mu.m.
[0124] The top coat 16 preferably has an "elastic work recovery
rate", which will be described later, of 30 to 98%, more preferably
70 to 90%. When the elastic work recovery rate of the top coat 16
is within the above ranges, the coating film formed on the surface
of the golf ball has higher self-repair-and-recovery function while
maintaining constant hardness and elasticity, thereby contributing
to excellent durability and abrasion resistance of the ball.
However, when the elastic work recovery rate of the top coat 16
deviates from the above ranges, there is a risk that sufficient
approach spin may not be obtained.
[0125] The elastic work recovery rate of the top coat 16 is one of
parameters of a nanoindentation method, which is used for
evaluating physical properties of a coating film, and which is an
ultra-micro hardness testing method where indentation load is
controlled in the order of micronewton (.mu.m) and the depth of an
indenter at the time of indentation is tracked with the accuracy of
nanometer (nm). Although the conventional method could only measure
the size of a deformation mark (a plastic deformation mark)
corresponding to the maximum load, the nanoindentation method can
obtain a relationship between the indentation load and the
indentation depth by automatic and continuous measurement.
Therefore, unlike the conventional method, there is no individual
differences in visual measurement of the deformation mark using an
optical microscope, and hence the nanoindentation method is
considered to be able to reliably and highly accurately evaluate
the physical properties of a coating film. Accordingly, since the
coating film on the surface of the golf ball can be greatly
affected by the hitting by the driver or various golf clubs and can
have more than little influence on various physical properties of
the golf ball, measuring the coating film of the golf ball more
accurately than the conventionally by using the ultra-micro
hardness testing method enables a very effective evaluation.
[0126] For the balls of the Examples and Comparative Examples shown
in Table 1 and 2, on the outer surface of the cover 15 (the
outermost layver) having numerous dimples 30 formed thereon, the
coating material was painted with an air spray gun so as to form
the top coat 16 with a thickness of 15 .mu.m. In Tables 1 and 2,
alphabets I and J in columns of the "Composition" of the top coat
16 correspond to Composition I and Composition J in the following
Table 5, respectively.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Costing composition (parts by mass)
Composition I Composition J Main Polyol (1) 100.0 -- agent Polyol
(2) -- 100.0 Ethyl acetate 100.0 60.0 Propylene glycol 40.0 40.0
monomethyl ester acetate Curing catalyst 0.03 0.03 Curing Nurate
body of 30.5 52.5 agent hexamethylene diisocyanate (1) Modified
polyster of 46.8 -- hexamethylene diisocyanate (2) Ethyl acetate
42.7 47.5 Mixing molar ratio (NCO/OH) 1.08 1.08 *Coating
composition A (molar ratio of NCO) ***Nurate body of hexamethylene
diisocyanate (1): Modified polyester of hexamethylene diisocyanate
(2) = 0.79:0.29.
[0127] Here, synthesis examples of acrylic polyol (1) and (2) in
Table 5 will be described. Note that, in the following description,
"parts" means "parts by mass".
Synthesis Example 1 of Acrylic Polyol
[0128] Into a reactor vessel equipped with a stirrer, a
thermometer, a cooling pipe, a nitrogen gas introducing pipe, and a
dropping device, 1000 parts of butyl acetate was introduced and,
while being stirred, heated to 100.degree. C. Into thus obtained
butyl acetate, a mixture of 220 parts of acrylic monomer containing
polyester (PLACCEL FM-3 produced by Daicel Chemical Industries,
Ltd.), 610 parts of methyl methacrylate, 170 parts of
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 30 parts of
2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile was dropped over the period of 4 hours.
After the dropping, a mixture thus obtained was left to react at
the same temperature for 6 hours. After the reaction, 180 parts of
butyl acetate and 150 parts of polycaprolactone diol (PLACCEL
L205AL produced by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were
introduced into a resulting mixture and mixed. Thereby, transparent
acrylic polyol resin solution (Polyol (1) in Table 5) with 50%
solid content, viscosity of 100 mPas (25.degree. C.), weight
average molecular weight of 10,000, and a hydroxyl value of 113
mgKOH/g (solid content) was obtained.
Synthesis Example 2 of Acrylic Polyol
[0129] Into a reactor vessel equipped with a stirrer, a
thermometer, a cooling pipe, a nitrogen gas introducing pipe, and a
dropping device, 1000 parts of butyl acetate was introduced and,
while being stirred, heated to 100.degree. C. Into thus obtained
butyl acetate, a mixture of 620 parts of acrylic monomer containing
polyester (PLACCEL FM-3 produced by Daicel Chemical Industries,
Ltd.), 317 parts of methyl methacrylate, 63 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate, and 12 parts of 2.2'-azobisisobutyronitrile was
dropped over the period of 4 hours. After the dropping, a mixture
thus obtained was left to react at the same temperature for 6
hours. After the reaction, 532 parts of butyl acetate and 520 parts
of polycaprolactone diol (PLACCEL L205AL produced by Daicel
Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were introduced into a resulting mixture
and mixed. Thereby, transparent acrylic polyol resin solution
(Polyol (2) in Table 5) with 50% solid content, viscosity of 60
mPas (25.degree. C.), weight average molecular weight of 70,000,
and ahydroxyl value of 142 mgKOH/g (solid content) was
obtained.
[0130] The elastic work recovery rate of the top coat 16 of the
ball 1 of the Examples and Comparative Examples in Tables 1 and 2
was measured as follows. First, from the coating material used for
the top coat 16, a coating film sheet with a thickness of 100 .mu.m
was prepared. Then, by using an ultra-micro hardness tester
"ENT-2100" produced by ELIONIX Inc., the elastic work recovery rate
was measured under the following condition. [0131] Indenter:
Berkovich indenter (material: diamond, angle .alpha.:
65.03.degree.) [0132] Load F: 0.2 mN [0133] Loading period: 10
seconds [0134] Maintaining period: 1 second [0135] Unloading
period: 1 second
[0136] Note that, based on an indention work amount W.sub.elast
(Nm) due to a restoring deformation of the coating film and a
mechanical indention work amount W.sub.total (Nm), the elastic work
recovery rate can be calculated from the following equation.
Elastic work recovery rate=(W.sub.elast/W.sub.total)100(%) (11)
* * * * *