U.S. patent application number 15/322469 was filed with the patent office on 2017-06-01 for cold insulation member.
The applicant listed for this patent is Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha. Invention is credited to Hisanori BESSHO, Hwisim HWANG, Yuichi KAMIMURA, Daiji SAWADA, Yuka UTSUMI, Takashi YAMASHITA.
Application Number | 20170153054 15/322469 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 55019139 |
Filed Date | 2017-06-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170153054 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SAWADA; Daiji ; et
al. |
June 1, 2017 |
COLD INSULATION MEMBER
Abstract
The present invention is aimed at providing a cold insulation
member capable of cooling a cold insulation target to a
predetermined temperature zone. A cold insulation member 10
includes a rapid-cooling layer 1, which includes a rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a for rapidly cooling the cold insulation
target to the predetermined temperature zone in a predetermined
time and a rapid-cooling heat-storage material accommodation
portion 1b for accommodating the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a, and a temperature maintenance layer 2 which includes a
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a for maintaining
the cold insulation target in the predetermined temperature zone
for the predetermined time or longer and a temperature maintenance
heat-storage material accommodation portion 2b for accommodating
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a and which is
arranged beyond the rapid-cooling layer 1.
Inventors: |
SAWADA; Daiji; (Sakai City,
JP) ; UTSUMI; Yuka; (Sakai City, JP) ;
KAMIMURA; Yuichi; (Sakai City, JP) ; BESSHO;
Hisanori; (Sakai City, JP) ; HWANG; Hwisim;
(Sakai City, JP) ; YAMASHITA; Takashi; (Sakai
City, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha |
Sakai City, Osaka |
|
JP |
|
|
Family ID: |
55019139 |
Appl. No.: |
15/322469 |
Filed: |
June 24, 2015 |
PCT Filed: |
June 24, 2015 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2015/068175 |
371 Date: |
December 28, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47G 2023/0283 20130101;
B65D 81/3883 20130101; B65D 81/3886 20130101; F25D 2400/28
20130101; F25D 2303/08222 20130101; A47G 23/0241 20130101; F25D
2303/0843 20130101; F25D 2303/085 20130101; F25D 2303/0831
20130101; A45C 11/20 20130101; F25D 2303/0846 20130101; F25D
2331/809 20130101; F25D 3/08 20130101; F25D 2331/803 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F25D 3/08 20060101
F25D003/08; B65D 81/38 20060101 B65D081/38; A47G 23/02 20060101
A47G023/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 30, 2014 |
JP |
2014-134508 |
Jun 11, 2015 |
JP |
2015-118077 |
Claims
1. A cold insulation member comprising: a rapid-cooling layer which
includes a rapid-cooling heat-storage material for rapidly cooling
a cold insulation target to a predetermined temperature zone in a
predetermined time and a rapid-cooling heat-storage material
accommodation portion for accommodating the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material and which is arranged in a peripheral portion
of the cold insulation target; and a temperature maintenance layer
which includes a temperature maintenance heat-storage material for
maintaining the cold insulation target in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer and a
temperature maintenance heat-storage material accommodation portion
for accommodating the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
and which is arranged beyond the rapid-cooling layer.
2. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, wherein the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material has a phase change
temperature higher than the phase change temperature of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material.
3. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, wherein the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material has a phase change temperature
lower than the predetermined temperature zone.
4. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, wherein the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material has a phase change
temperature lower than the predetermined temperature zone.
5. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, wherein part of
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material is in a solid phase state
and another part is in a liquid phase state in the temperature zone
in which the cold insulation target is rapidly cooled.
6. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, wherein part of
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material is in a solid
phase state and another part is in a liquid phase state in the
temperature zone maintained at a predetermined temperature of the
cold insulation target.
7. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, comprising: a
heat-insulating layer which is arranged beyond the temperature
maintenance layer and which includes a heat-insulating
material.
8. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, wherein a total
value of the amount of latent heat and the amount of sensible heat
of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material is larger than the
amount of cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target
to the predetermined temperature zone, and the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material has an amount of latent heat
required for maintaining the cold insulation target in the
predetermined temperature zone for the predetermined time or
longer.
9. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, wherein the
rapid-cooling layer has flexibility at the phase change temperature
of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material.
10. The cold insulation member according to claim 1, comprising: a
plurality of rapid-cooling layers, wherein the plurality of
rapid-cooling layers are connected to each other.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a cold insulation member.
In particular, the present invention relates to a cold insulation
member that uses a heat-storage material. Further, the present
invention relates to a wine cooler for rapidly cooling wine or the
like to a predetermined temperature zone and maintaining the wine
or the like in the predetermined temperature zone.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] To date, wine coolers have been used to maintain, at a
predetermined temperature, beverages, e.g., wine, which are served
at mealtime. In addition wine coolers have been used to maintain,
at a predetermined temperature, beverages, e.g., wine, which are
sold over the counter.
[0003] PTL 1 discloses the technology aimed at providing a wine
cooler having a simple structure, wherein water droplets do not
easily adhere to a wine bottle and a wine bottle label can be
visually identified, in consideration of a problem regarding a
common wine cooler in the related art, wherein water droplets
adhere to the wine bottle and water droplets have to be removed by
wiping the bottle with a towel every time the bottle is taken out
of the wine cooler to pour the wine into a glass. The technology
described in PTL 1 is characterized by maintaining the wine at an
optimum temperature by disposing a fixing device capable of
detachably attaching a cold insulation material to an inner surface
of a cold insulation member composed of an cylindrical portion and
a bottom portion or a bamboo-like cold insulation member and
filling the inside of the cold insulation member with cool air of
the cold insulation material and is characterized in that the
fixing device is a magnet, a hook-and-loop fastener, a step portion
(rib) disposed on an inner wall of a container, or the like.
CITATION LIST
Patent Literature
[0004] PTL 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication
No. 2010-047313
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Technical Problem
[0005] The technology described in PTL 1 is aimed at providing a
wine cooler, wherein water droplets do not easily adhere to a
bottle and a label of the bottle can be visually identified.
However, specific measures to rapidly cool the wine bottle to a
predetermined temperature zone in a predetermined time and to
maintain the wine bottle in the predetermined temperature zone that
spans a predetermined temperature and higher are not disclosed.
[0006] The present invention is aimed at providing a cold
insulation member capable of cooling a cold insulation target to a
predetermined temperature zone.
Solution to Problem
[0007] According to an aspect of the present invention for
achieving the above-described aim,
[0008] a cold insulation member may include a rapid-cooling layer
which includes a rapid-cooling heat-storage material for rapidly
cooling a cold insulation target to a predetermined temperature
zone in a predetermined time and a rapid-cooling heat-storage
material accommodation portion for accommodating the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material and which is arranged in a peripheral portion
of the cold insulation target and
[0009] a temperature maintenance layer which includes a temperature
maintenance heat-storage material for maintaining the cold
insulation target in the predetermined temperature zone for the
predetermined time or longer and a temperature maintenance
heat-storage material accommodation portion for accommodating the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material and which is arranged
beyond the rapid-cooling layer.
[0010] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member,
[0011] wherein the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
has a phase change temperature higher than the phase change
temperature of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material.
[0012] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member,
wherein the rapid-cooling heat-storage material has a phase change
temperature lower than the predetermined temperature zone.
[0013] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member,
[0014] wherein the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
has a phase change temperature lower than the predetermined
temperature zone.
[0015] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member,
[0016] wherein part of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material is
in a solid phase state and another part is in a liquid phase state
in the temperature zone in which the cold insulation target is
rapidly cooled.
[0017] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member,
wherein part of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
is in a solid phase state and another part is in a liquid phase
state in the temperature zone maintained at a predetermined
temperature of the cold insulation target.
[0018] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member
including
[0019] a heat-insulating layer which is arranged beyond the
temperature maintenance layer and which includes a heat-insulating
material.
[0020] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member,
[0021] wherein a total value of the amount of latent heat and the
amount of sensible heat of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material
is larger than the amount of cooling required for cooling the cold
insulation target to the predetermined temperature zone, and
[0022] the temperature maintenance heat-storage material has an
amount of latent heat required for maintaining the cold insulation
target in the predetermined temperature zone for the predetermined
time or longer.
[0023] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member,
wherein the rapid-cooling layer has flexibility at the phase change
temperature of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material.
[0024] The cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be the above-described cold insulation member
including
[0025] a plurality of rapid-cooling layers,
[0026] wherein the plurality of rapid-cooling layers are connected
to each other.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
[0027] According to the present invention, a cold insulation member
capable of cooling a cold insulation target to a predetermined
temperature zone can be realized.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0028] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing cross-sectional shapes of a cold
insulation member 10 according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0029] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing cross-sectional shapes of a cold
insulation member 10 according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0030] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the designated amounts of
a rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a of a cold insulation
member 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] FIG. 4 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 1 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] FIG. 5 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 1.
[0033] FIG. 6 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 2.
[0034] FIG. 7 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 2 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] FIG. 8 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 3 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0036] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing cross-sectional shapes of a cold
insulation member 10 according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0037] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing cross-sectional shapes of a
cold insulation member 10 according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0038] FIG. 11 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 4 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0039] FIG. 12 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 3.
[0040] FIG. 13 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 4.
[0041] FIG. 14 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 5 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0042] FIG. 15 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 6 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0043] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing cross-sectional shapes of a
cold insulation member 10 according to Example 7 of an embodiment
of the present invention.
[0044] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing cross-sectional shapes of a
cold insulation member 10 according to Example 7 of an embodiment
of the present invention.
[0045] FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a cold insulation member 10
according to Example 8 of an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0046] FIG. 19 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 9 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0047] FIG. 20 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 10 of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0048] FIG. 21 is a graph showing the experimental results of cold
insulation performance of a cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 11 of an embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0049] A cold insulation member 10 according to an embodiment of
the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to
FIG. 21. In this regard, with respect to all drawings below, the
sizes, ratios, and the like of constituents shown in the drawings
are appropriately differentiated from real sizes, ratios, and the
like for the sake of facilitating understanding. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2
show cross-sectional shapes of a cold insulation member 10. FIG.
1(a) and FIG. 2(a) show cross sections cut along a plane including
the center axis of the cylindrical cold insulation member 10
according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1(b) and FIG. 2(b) show
cross sections of the cold insulation member 10 cut along a line
A-A orthogonal to the center axis of the cold insulation member 10
shown in FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 2(a), respectively. For example, the
cold insulation member 10 is used to rapidly cooling a cold
insulation target B including a container G, e.g., a glass bottle,
that contains a liquid L to a predetermined temperature zone in a
predetermined time. FIGS. 1(a) and (b) show the state in which the
cold insulation target B is insulated against heat loss by the cold
insulation member 10. FIGS. 2(a) and (b) show the state in which
the cold insulation target B has been removed from the cold
insulation member 10. The cold insulation member 10 has a hollow
cylindrical shape with an open upper surface and bottom surface and
includes a rapid-cooling layer 1 and a temperature maintenance
layer 2 sequentially from the inside toward the outside. As shown
in FIG. 1, the rapid-cooling layer 1 is arranged in the peripheral
portion of the cold insulation target B in the case where the cold
insulation member 10 is used. In the present embodiment, the cold
insulation member 10 is used for insulating, against heat loss, the
cold insulation target B including the container G, e.g., a glass
bottle, and therefore, the rapid-cooling layer 1 is arranged so as
to cover the peripheral portion of the cold insulation target B.
Meanwhile, the temperature maintenance layer 2 is arranged beyond
the rapid-cooling layer 1 so as to cover the peripheral portion of
the rapid-cooling layer 1.
[0050] The rapid-cooling layer 1 includes a rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a and a rapid-cooling heat-storage material
accommodation portion 1b for accommodating the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a. Also, the temperature maintenance layer 2
includes a temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a and a
temperature maintenance heat-storage material accommodation portion
2b for accommodating the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a. In order to cool the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone, the phase change temperature of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the phase change
temperature of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
are lower than the predetermined temperature zone. In this regard,
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a has a phase
change temperature higher than the phase change temperature of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a. The phase change
temperature is a temperature at which the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a or the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a undergoes a phase change between a solid
phase and a liquid phase. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material
1a undergoes a reversible phase change between the solid phase and
the liquid phase at a predetermined phase change temperature.
Likewise, the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
undergoes a reversible phase change between the solid phase and the
liquid phase at a predetermined phase change temperature.
[0051] The phases of rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a can be changed to
the solid phase state by cooling the cold insulation member 10 at a
temperature lower than the phase change temperature of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a for a predetermined time by
using a cooling mechanism not shown in the drawing. After the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a are brought into the solid
phase state, the cold insulation member 10 is arranged such that
the rapid-cooling layer 1 is located around the cold insulation
target B. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is used to
rapidly cooling a liquid L in the container G of the cold
insulation target B, which is at the same temperature (ambient
temperature) as room temperature (for example, 25.degree. C.), to a
predetermined temperature zone in a predetermined time. The
cold-insulation heat-storage material 1b is used for maintaining
the liquid L in the container G of the cold insulation target B in
the predetermined temperature zone for a predetermined time or
longer. For this purpose, the rapid-cooling heat-storage material
1a and the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a have
phase change temperatures lower than room temperature (ambient
temperature).
[0052] More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the cold insulation
member 10 is arranged on the cold insulation target B, where the
cold insulation target B is inserted into the cylindrical opening
portion, and is used at room temperature (for example, 25.degree.
C.). Examples of liquids of the cold insulation target B insulated
against heat loss by the cold insulation member 10 include various
beverages. In particular, beverages having a temperature that is
suitable for drinking and lower than room temperature are
favorable. For example, it is preferable that the cold insulation
member 10 according to the present embodiment be used for
insulating, against heat loss, sparkling wine having a temperature
suitable for drinking of about 4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C., white
wine having a temperature suitable for drinking of about 9.degree.
C. to 11.degree. C., and red wine having a temperature suitable for
drinking of about 16.degree. C. to 18.degree. C. Meanwhile, the
liquid L may be a liquid having a viscosity higher than the
viscosity of water or a liquid in which a solid material is mixed.
Further, a solid may be insulated against heat loss in place of the
liquid L. Examples of the container G include glass and ceramic
bottles, iron and aluminum cans, and PET bottles.
[0053] Here, heat storage refers to the technology to temporarily
store heat and extract heat, as necessary. Examples of heat-storage
systems include sensible heat storage, latent heat storage, and
chemical heat storage. In the present embodiment, latent heat
storage and sensible heat storage are utilized. Regarding latent
heat storage, thermal energy of a phase change of a substance is
stored by utilizing the latent heat of the substance. Regarding
latent heat storage, the heat-storage density is high and the
output temperature is constant. In latent heat storage, thermal
energy corresponding to a temperature change of a substance by
utilizing the latent heat of the substance.
[0054] The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a has a phase
change temperature lower than the phase change temperature of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a. Consequently, in
the case where the cold insulation member 10 is used, the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a reaches the phase change
temperature earlier than the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a. Therefore, in the cold insulation member 10, cold
insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a is performed prior to cooling by utilizing
the latent heat of the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a. The temperature of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a is substantially constant during cooling by utilizing
the latent heat. In this regard, the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a has a phase change temperature sufficiently lower than
(for example, 15.degree. C. to 30.degree. C. lower) the
predetermined temperature zone of the cold insulation target B.
Consequently, in the state in which the cooling by utilizing the
latent heat of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is
performed, the cold insulation target B is rapidly cooled to the
predetermined temperature zone in a relatively short time. Also,
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is cooled to
substantially the phase change temperature of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a.
[0055] After the phase change from the solid phase to the liquid
phase of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is completed,
the cooling by utilizing the latent heat is finished, and cooling
by utilizing the sensible heat is started. Consequently, the cold
insulation target B is cooled to the predetermined temperature
zone. Meanwhile, the temperature of the entire cold insulation
member 10 increases and the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a reaches the phase change temperature. Consequently,
cooling by utilizing the latent heat of the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a of the cold insulation member 10 is
started. The temperature of the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a is substantially constant during cooling
by utilizing the latent heat. The rapid-cooling layer 1 is in
contact with the temperature maintenance layer 2 and, thereby, the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is cooled to substantially
the phase change temperature of the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a. In this regard, the phase change
temperature of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
is several degrees of centigrade (for example, 2.degree. C. to
6.degree. C.) lower than the predetermined temperature zone of the
cold insulation target B. Consequently, the cold insulation target
B is cooled by the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
through the rapid-cooling layer 1 of the cold insulation member 10.
Therefore, the temperature of the cold insulation target B can be
maintained at the predetermined temperature higher than the phase
change temperature of the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a. In this manner, after cooling by utilizing the latent
heat is performed, the rapid-cooling layer 1 has a function as a
buffer layer for avoiding the cold insulation target B from being
excessively cooled to a temperature lower than the predetermined
temperature due to cooling by the temperature maintenance layer 2.
Also, the cold insulation member 10 insulates, against heat loss,
the cold insulation target B in the predetermined temperature zone
until the phase change temperature from the solid phase to the
liquid phase of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
2a is completed. Consequently, the cold insulation member 10 can
maintain the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer.
[0056] The role of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
included in the rapid-cooling layer 1 is to rapidly absorb the heat
of the cold insulation target B by utilizing the latent heat and
the sensible heat. Also, the role of the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a included in the temperature maintenance
layer 2 is to maintain the cold insulation target B in the
predetermined temperature zone by utilizing the latent heat and the
sensible heat. As described above, the cold insulation member 10 is
characterized in that the functions of the rapid-cooling layer 1
and the temperature maintenance layer 2 are separated.
[0057] For example, paraffin (generic name for saturated chain
hydrocarbons represented by a general formula C.sub.nH.sub.2n+2),
water, inorganic salt aqueous solutions, and the like are used for
the cold insulation heat-storage material 1a and the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a. Examples of inorganic salts
of inorganic salt aqueous solutions include potassium chloride
(KCl), sodium chloride (NaCl), ammonium chloride (NH.sub.4Cl), and
potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO.sub.3). In the present
embodiment, inorganic salts usable for the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a and the cold insulation heat-storage
material 2a are not limited to these.
[0058] Also, for example, clathrate hydrates, inorganic salt
hydrates, and the like are used for the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a and the cold insulation heat-storage material 2a.
Examples of clathrate hydrates used for the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a and the cold insulation heat-storage
material 2a include clathrate hydrates in which a gest molecule is
a quaternary ammonium salt molecule, e.g., tetrabutylammonium
bromide (TBAB) or tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC). The
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the cold insulation
heat-storage material 2a containing the clathrate hydrate or the
like reversively changes into a clathrate hydrate, in which a gest
molecule is a quaternary ammonium salt molecule, and an aqueous
solution containing a quaternary ammonium salt at the phase change
temperature. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the
cold insulation heat-storage material 2a come into the solid phase
state while being a clathrate hydrates and come into the liquid
state while being an aqueous solution. In this regard, the
clathrate hydrates usable for the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a and the cold insulation heat-storage material 2a are
not limited to these in the present embodiment.
[0059] Also, examples of inorganic salt hydrates used for the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the cold insulation
heat-storage material 2a include sodium sulfate decahydrate, sodium
acetate trihydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, binary
compositions (melting temperature of 5.degree. C.) of disodium
hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate and dipotassium hydrogenphosphate
hexahydrate, binary compositions containing lithium nitrate
trihydrate as a primary component (melting temperature of 8.degree.
C. to 12.degree. C.) of lithium nitrate trihydrate and magnesium
chloride hexahydrate, and ternary compositions (melting temperature
of 5.8.degree. C. to 9.7.degree. C.) of lithium nitrate
trihydrate-magnesium chloride hexahydrate-magnesium bromide
hexahydrate but are not limited to these inorganic salt hydrates in
the present embodiment.
[0060] In order to improve the effect of cooling the cold
insulation target B by the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a,
it is preferable to increase the contact area between the
rapid-cooling layer 1 and the cold insulation target B. Therefore,
it is preferable that the shape of the rapid-cooling layer 1 can be
changed in accordance with the shape of the cold insulation target
B. In order to increase the contact area between the rapid-cooling
layer 1 and the cold insulation target B, in the state of the use
of the cold insulation member 10, part of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a of the rapid-cooling layer 1 may be in a
solid phase state and another part may be in a liquid phase state
in the temperature zone in which the cold insulation target B is
rapidly cooled. Consequently, the rapid-cooling layer 1 can have
flexibility such that the shape can be changed in accordance with
the shape of the cold insulation target B. For example, in the case
where a potassium chloride aqueous solution having a phase change
temperature of -11.degree. C. is used as the main agent of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, a sodium chloride aqueous
solution having a phase change temperature of -21.degree. C. is
mixed into the potassium chloride aqueous solution. At this time,
the concentration of the sodium chloride in the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a is made to be smaller than the eutectic
concentration. Consequently, the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a has phase change temperatures of about -11.degree. C.
and about -21.degree. C. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
performs cooling by utilizing the latent heat of the potassium
chloride aqueous solution serving as the main agent and, therefore,
is used while the potassium chloride aqueous solution is in the
solid phase state and the sodium chloride aqueous solution is in
the liquid state. In the case where the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a of the rapid-cooling layer 1 performs cooling by
utilizing the latent heat, in the cold insulation member 10, a
state in which a portion in the solid phase state and a portion in
the liquid phase state are present together in the rapid-cooling
layer 1 can be brought about and, thereby, the contact area between
the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the cold insulation target B can be
increased. Consequently, the cold insulation member 10 can enhance
the cooling effect of the rapid-cooling layer 1.
[0061] Also, in order to improve the effect of cooling the cold
insulation target B by the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a, it is preferable that the shape of the temperature
maintenance layer 2 can be changed in accordance with the shape of
the cold insulation target B. For this purpose, in the state of the
use of the cold insulation member 10, part of the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a of the temperature maintenance
layer 2 may be in a solid phase state and another part may be in a
liquid phase state in the temperature zone in which the cold
insulation target B is cooled. Consequently, the temperature
maintenance layer 2 can have flexibility such that the shape can be
changed in accordance with the shape of the cold insulation target
B. For example, in the case where water having a phase change
temperature of 0.degree. C. is used as the main agent of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a, a sodium chloride
aqueous solution having a phase change temperature of -21.degree.
C. is mixed into the water. At this time, the concentration of the
sodium chloride in the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a is made to be smaller than the eutectic concentration.
Consequently, the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
has phase change temperatures of about 0.degree. C. and about
-21.degree. C. The temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
performs cooling by utilizing the latent heat of the water serving
as the main agent and, therefore, is used while the water is in the
solid phase state and the sodium chloride aqueous solution is in
the liquid state. In the case where the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a of the temperature maintenance layer 2
performs cooling by utilizing the latent heat, in the cold
insulation member 10, a state in which a portion in the solid phase
state and a portion in the liquid phase state are present together
in the temperature maintenance layer 2 can be brought about.
Consequently, the contact area between the temperature maintenance
layer 2 and rapid-cooling layer 1 can be increased and the cooling
effect of the temperature maintenance layer 2 can be enhanced.
[0062] Also, the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a may be
gelatinized. A gelatinizer is contained in the gelatinized
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a. In general, a gel refers to a material in
which molecules are partly cross-linked so as to form a
three-dimensional network structure and a solvent is absorbed
therein so as to cause swelling. The composition of the gel is
substantially in the liquid state but the gel is dynamically in the
solid state. The gelatinized rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
and temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a maintain the
solid state as a whole and do not have fluidity even when a
reversible phase change between the solid phase and the liquid
phase occurs. A gel heat-storage material can maintain the solid
state as a whole before and after the phase change and, therefore,
is easily handled.
[0063] Examples of gelatinizers include synthetic polymers that use
molecules having at least one of a hydroxyl group or carboxyl
group, a sulfonic acid group, an amino group, and an amide group,
natural polysaccharide, and gelatin. Examples of synthetic polymers
include polyacrylamide derivatives, polyvinyl alcohols, and
polyacrylic acid derivatives. Examples of natural polysaccharide
include agar, alginic acid, furcellaran, pectin, starch, a mixture
of xanthan gum and locust bean gum, tamarind seed gum, gellan gum,
and carrageenan. These are mentioned as examples of the
gelatinizer. The gelatinizer according to the present embodiment is
not limited to these.
[0064] Examples of gelatinizers also include an acrylamide monomer,
an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid.
The gelatinizer according to the present embodiment is not limited
to these.
[0065] Also, the rapid-cooling heat-storage material accommodation
portion 1b and the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
accommodation portion 2b are formed of, for example, a resin
material. Examples of resin materials used for the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material accommodation portion 1b and the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material accommodation portion 2b include
plastic materials, e.g., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP),
polystyrene (PS), ABS resin, acrylic resin (PMMA), and
polycarbonate (PC). Hard packaging materials composed of plastic
containers formed of these plastic materials by injection molding,
blow molding, or the like or soft packaging materials composed of
plastic films made by a solution method, a melt method, a calender
method, or the like are used for the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material accommodation portion 1b and the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material accommodation portion 2b. The material is not
limited to the resin. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material
accommodation portion 1b and the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material accommodation portion 2b may be formed by
using an inorganic material, e.g., glass, ceramic, or a metal. In
this regard, the rapid-cooling heat-storage material accommodation
portion 1b and the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
accommodation portion 2b may contain fibrous materials (glass wool,
cotton, cellulose, nylon, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and the
like), powders (an alumina powder, a metal powder, a microcapsule,
and the like), and other modifiers.
[0066] Next, FIG. 3 is used and a method for calculating the
designated amount of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a in
the case where water, a potassium hydrogen carbonate aqueous
solution, or a potassium chloride aqueous solution is used for the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a will be described. In the
present example, a method for calculating the designated amount of
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a in the case where the
liquid L of the cold insulation target B is sparkling wine, white
wine, or red wine will be described. FIG. 3(a) shows an amount of
cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target B including
750 g of liquid L from 25.degree. C. to a predetermined
temperature. The predetermined temperature zone of the sparkling
wine is set to be 4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C. which is a
temperature suitable for drinking. Also, the predetermined
temperature of the sparkling wine is set to be 5.degree. C. which
is a central value of the predetermined temperature zone.
Meanwhile, the predetermined temperature zone of the white wine is
set to be 9.degree. C. to 11.degree. C. which is a temperature
suitable for drinking. Also, the predetermined temperature of the
white wine is set to be 10.degree. C. which is a central value of
the predetermined temperature zone. Meanwhile, the predetermined
temperature zone of the red wine is set to be 16.degree. C. to
18.degree. C. which is a temperature suitable for drinking. Also,
the predetermined temperature of the red wine is set to be
17.degree. C. which is a central value of the predetermined
temperature zone. Meanwhile, the specific heat of water (4.2
J/(g.degree. C.)) is simply employed as the values of specific heat
of the sparkling wine, the white wine, and the red wine.
[0067] The amount of cooling required for cooling 750 g of wine
from 25.degree. C. to the predetermined temperature can be
determined on the basis of formula (1) below.
required amount of cooling=0.75 (kg).times.cooling temperature
(.degree. C.).times.4.2 J/(g.degree. C.) (1)
[0068] Here, the cooling temperature is a value obtained by
subtracting the predetermined temperature (.degree. C.) from
25.degree. C.
[0069] From formula (1) above, the amount of cooling required for
cooling the sparkling wine to 5.degree. C., which is the
predetermined temperature, results in 63.0 kJ, the amount of
cooling required for cooling the white wine to 10.degree. C., which
is the predetermined temperature, results in 47.3 kJ, and the
amount of cooling required for cooling the red wine to 17.degree.
C., which is the predetermined temperature, results in 25.2 kJ.
[0070] FIG. 3(b) is a table explaining a designated amount of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a in the case where the liquid
L of the cold insulation target B is the sparkling wine. In the
present example, water, a potassium hydrogen carbonate aqueous
solution, or a potassium chloride aqueous solution is used for the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a. The rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a that uses water has a phase change
temperature of 0.degree. C. Also, the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a that uses potassium hydrogen carbonate aqueous
solution, in which the concentration of potassium hydrogen
carbonate is 20 percent by weight, has a phase change temperature
of about -6.degree. C. Also, the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a that uses potassium chloride aqueous solution, in which
the concentration of potassium chloride is 20 percent by weight,
has a phase change temperature of about -11.degree. C.
[0071] FIG. 3(b) shows the amount of latent heat (kJ), the amount
of sensible heat (kJ), the amount of cooling (kJ), the real amount
of cooling (kJ), and the designated amount (g) of 100 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses each of the
materials. The amount of latent heat shown here is a real
measurement value. The amount of latent heat is measured by, for
example, a temperature history method. The temperature history
method is a technique to monitor the temperature change of an
object and calculate the amount of latent heat by a comparison with
a reference substance, where the amount of latent heat of the
reference substance has been specified. Also, the amount of
sensible heat here is specified as the amount of heat used by the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, which is in the liquid
state after completion of the phase change, for cooling the cold
insulation target B to the predetermined temperature. This amount
of sensible heat is determined by multiplying the value, which is
obtained by subtracting the phase change temperature of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a from the predetermined
temperature, by the specific heat of the water. In this regard, the
amount of sensible heat of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material
1a in the solid state is smaller than the amount of latent heat and
the amount of sensible heat of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a in the liquid state and, therefore, is not taken into
consideration as the amount of cooling of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a. Meanwhile, the amount of cooling is a
total value of the amount of latent heat and the amount of sensible
heat. In this regard, the real amount of cooling and the designated
amount will be described later.
[0072] As shown in FIG. 3(b), the amount of latent heat of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the water is 30.5
kJ, the amount of sensible heat is 2.1 kJ, and the amount of
cooling is 32.6 kJ. Also, the amount of latent heat of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the potassium
hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution is 25.9 kJ, the amount of
sensible heat is 4.6 kJ, and the amount of cooling is 30.5 kJ.
Also, the amount of latent heat of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a that uses the potassium chloride aqueous solution is
27.9 kJ, the amount of sensible heat is 6.7 kJ, and the amount of
cooling is 34.6 kJ.
[0073] If the thickness of the rapid-cooling layer 1 is neglected,
the contact area between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the cold
insulation target B is half the surface area of the rapid-cooling
layer 1. It is assumed that half the surface area of the
rapid-cooling layer 1 is the heat dissipation surface and half the
amount of cooling of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is
used for cooling the cold insulation target B. Therefore, the value
of the real amount of cooling of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a is half the amount of cooling. Consequently, the real
amount of cooling of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
that uses the water results in 16.3 kJ, the real amount of cooling
of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the
potassium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution results in 15.3 kJ,
and the real amount of cooling of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a that uses the potassium chloride aqueous solution
results in 17.3 kJ.
[0074] The designated amount of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a is determined by multiplying the value, which is
obtained by dividing the required amount of cooling shown in FIG.
3(a) by the real amount of cooling, by the mass (100 g) of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a used as a precondition of
the calculation. Therefore, the designated amount of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the water results
in 387 g, the designated amount of cooling of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a that uses the potassium hydrogen carbonate
aqueous solution results in 412 g, and the designated amount of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the potassium
chloride aqueous solution results in 364 g.
[0075] FIG. 3(c) is a table explaining a designated amount of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a in the case where the liquid
L of the cold insulation target B is the white wine. In the present
example as well, water, a potassium hydrogen carbonate aqueous
solution, or a potassium chloride aqueous solution is used for the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a as in the example shown in
FIG. 3(b). FIG. 3(c) shows the amount of latent heat (kJ), the
amount of sensible heat (kJ), the amount of cooling (kJ), the real
amount of cooling (kJ), and the designated amount (g) of 100 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses each of the
materials. The amount of sensible heat, the real amount of cooling,
and the designated amount are determined in the same method as that
in the example shown in FIG. 3(b).
[0076] As shown in FIG. 3(c), the amount of latent heat of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the water is 30.5
kJ, the amount of sensible heat is 4.2 kJ, the amount of cooling is
34.7 kJ, the real amount of cooling is 17.4 kJ, and the designated
amount is 272 g. Also, the amount of latent heat of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the potassium
hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution is 25.9 kJ, the amount of
sensible heat is 6.7 kJ, the amount of cooling is 32.6 kJ, the real
amount of cooling is 16.3 kJ, and the designated amount is 290 g.
Also, the amount of latent heat of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a that uses the potassium chloride aqueous solution is
27.9 kJ, the amount of sensible heat is 8.8 kJ, the amount of
cooling is 36.7 kJ, the real amount of cooling is 18.4 kJ, and the
designated amount is 257 g.
[0077] FIG. 3(d) is a table explaining a designated amount of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a in the case where the liquid
L of the cold insulation target B is the red wine. In the present
example as well, water, a potassium hydrogen carbonate aqueous
solution, or a potassium chloride aqueous solution is used for the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a as in the example shown in
FIG. 3(b). FIG. 3(d) shows the amount of latent heat (kJ), the
amount of sensible heat (kJ), the amount of cooling (kJ), the real
amount of cooling (kJ), and the designated amount (g) of 100 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses each of the
materials. The amount of sensible heat, the real amount of cooling,
and the designated amount are determined in the same method as that
in the example shown in FIG. 3(b).
[0078] As shown in FIG. 3(d), the amount of latent heat of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the water is 30.5
kJ, the amount of sensible heat is 7.1 kJ, the amount of cooling is
37.6 kJ, the real amount of cooling is 18.8 kJ, and the designated
amount is 134 g. Also, the amount of latent heat of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a that uses the potassium
hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution is 25.9 kJ, the amount of
sensible heat is 9.7 kJ, the amount of cooling is 35.6 kJ, the real
amount of cooling is 17.8 kJ, and the designated amount is 142 g.
Also, the amount of latent heat of the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a that uses the potassium chloride aqueous solution is
27.9 kJ, the amount of sensible heat is 11.8 kJ, the amount of
cooling is 39.7 kJ, the real amount of cooling is 19.9 kJ, and the
designated amount is 127 g.
[0079] As described above, a total value of the amount of latent
heat and the amount of sensible heat of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1 is larger than the amount of cooling
required for cooling the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. Consequently, the cold insulation
member 10 can cool the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone by using the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a.
EXAMPLE 1
[0080] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 1 of
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4
to FIG. 6. In the present example, a cold insulation target B
including 750 g of sparkling wine as the liquid L was cooled by the
cold insulation member 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The cold
insulation member 10 was used after being cooled to about
-20.degree. C. in a freezer room. The predetermined temperature
zone of the sparkling wine was 4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C. A
mixture of 200 g of potassium chloride aqueous solution, as a main
agent, having a potassium chloride concentration of 20 percent by
weight and 200 g of sodium chloride aqueous solution having a
sodium chloride concentration of 20 percent by weight was used as a
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a. The rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a according to the present example had phase
change temperatures at about -11.degree. C., which was a phase
change temperature of the potassium chloride aqueous solution, and
about -21.degree. C. which was a phase change temperature of the
sodium chloride aqueous solution. The rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a according to the present example was produced by mixing
the potassium chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic
concentration and the sodium chloride aqueous solution having a
eutectic concentration at a ratio of 1:1. Regarding the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a produced by mixing the
potassium chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration
and the sodium chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic
concentration at a ratio of 1:1, 50% came into a frozen state
(solid phase state) at about -11.degree. C., which was the phase
change temperature of the potassium chloride aqueous solution, and
the remainder 50% came into an unfrozen state (liquid phase state).
Meanwhile, regarding the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
produced by mixing the potassium chloride aqueous solution having a
eutectic concentration and the sodium chloride aqueous solution
having a eutectic concentration at a ratio of 3:1, 75% came into a
frozen state (solid phase state) at about -11.degree. C., which was
the phase change temperature of the potassium chloride aqueous
solution, and the remainder 25% came into an unfrozen state (liquid
phase state). In the present example, the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a of the rapid-cooling layer 1 was brought
into the state, in which a portion of the potassium chloride
aqueous solution in the solid phase state and a portion of the
sodium chloride aqueous solution in the liquid state were present
together, in the use state of the cold insulation member 10.
Consequently, the shape of the rapid-cooling layer 1 could be
changed in accordance with the shape of the cold insulation target
B. In this regard, a gelatinizer was added to the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a so as to gelatinize. An acrylamide
monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric
acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 400 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0081] Meanwhile, 100 g of water was used for the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a according to the present example had a
phase change temperature of 0.degree. C. In this regard, a
gellatinizer was added to the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a so as to gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were
used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 100 g of temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is not
necessarily gelatinized.
[0082] FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation target B
at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold insulation
member 10 according to the present example. The horizontal axis in
FIG. 4 indicates the time (min), and the vertical axis indicates
the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the curve shown by a solid
line in FIG. 4 indicates the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B. In the present example, the temperature of the
liquid L in the central portion of the container G of the cold
insulation target B was measured as the temperature of the cold
insulation target B. Meanwhile, the curve shown by alternate long
and short dashed lines in FIG. 4 indicates the temperature change
in between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature
maintenance layer 2 of the cold insulation member 10. The
temperature sensor was arranged on the cold insulation target B and
between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance
layer 2 after the temperature measurement was started and,
therefore, the room temperature was measured at a point in time
when the temperature measurement was started. The temperature in
between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance
layer 2 measured -18.degree. C. about 3 minutes after start of the
temperature measurement.
[0083] As shown in FIG. 4, the cold insulation target B was cooled
to 6.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the predetermined
temperature range, after a lapse of about 20 minutes. Also, after a
lapse of about 40 minutes, the temperature in between the
rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2
reached 0.degree. C. which was the phase change temperature of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a, and cold
insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a was started. The cold
insulation member 10 could maintain the cold insulation target B at
6.degree. C., which was within the predetermined temperature zone,
due to cold insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a until about 120
minutes elapsed. In this regard, the cold insulation target B was
cooled to about 1.degree. C. lower than the predetermined
temperature zone (4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C.) between about 23
minutes to about 90 minutes but this was considered to be within
the allowance range.
[0084] As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example could rapidly cool the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature range in about 20
minutes. It is desirable that the wine, which is the cold
insulation target B, be cooled from ambient temperature to the
temperature that is suitable for drinking within 20 minutes. Also,
the cold insulation member 10 according to the present example
could maintain the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature range for about 100 minutes by utilizing the latent
heat of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a. This
is because the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a had
an amount of latent heat required for maintaining the cold
insulation target B in the predetermined temperature range for the
predetermined time or longer. As described above, the cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example could be
favorably used as a wine cooler for sparkling wine.
[0085] Next, a cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 1 will be described. The cold insulation member according
to Comparative example 1 had a rapid-cooling layer but did not have
a temperature maintenance layer. The rapid-cooling layer of the
cold insulation member according to Comparative example 1 had the
same structure as the structure of the rapid-cooling layer 1 of the
cold insulation member 10 according to Example 1 above. Also, in
the same manner as Example 1 above, a cold insulation target B
including 750 g of sparkling wine as the liquid L was used. Also,
the temperature of the liquid L in the central portion of the
container G of the cold insulation target B was measured as the
temperature of the cold insulation target B. In this regard, other
conditions were the same as those in Example 1 above.
[0086] FIG. 5 is a graph showing the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation target B
at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold insulation
member according to Comparative example 1. The horizontal axis in
FIG. 5 indicates the time (min), and the vertical axis indicates
the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the curve shown by a solid
line in FIG. 5 indicates the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B. As shown in FIG. 5, the temperature of the
cold insulation target B was about 13.degree. C. after a lapse of
about 60 minutes, and the temperature of the cold insulation target
B began to increase again after a lapse of about 70 minutes. In
this manner, the cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 1 could not cool the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The reason for this is considered
to be that the cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 1 did not have the temperature maintenance layer and,
thereby, the periphery side of the rapid-cooling layer was exposed
at the outside air and the cold heat of the rapid-cooling layer was
taken by the outside air.
[0087] Next, a cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 2 will be described. The cold insulation member according
to Comparative example 2 did not have a rapid-cooling layer but has
a temperature maintenance layer. The temperature maintenance layer
of the cold insulation member according to Comparative example 1
had the same structure as the structure of the temperature
maintenance layer 2 of the cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 1 above. Also, in the same manner as Example 1 above, a
cold insulation target B including 750 g of sparkling wine as the
liquid L was used. Also, the temperature of the liquid L in the
central portion of the container G of the cold insulation target B
was measured as the temperature of the cold insulation target B. In
this regard, other conditions were the same as those in Example 1
above.
[0088] FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation target B
at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold insulation
member according to Comparative example 2. The horizontal axis in
FIG. 6 indicates the time (min), and the vertical axis indicates
the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the curve shown by a solid
line in FIG. 6 indicates the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B. As shown in FIG. 6, the temperature of the
cold insulation target B was about 19.degree. C. after a lapse of
about 50 minutes, and the temperature of the cold insulation target
B began to increase again after a lapse of about 60 minutes. In
this manner, the cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 2 could not cool the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The reason for this is considered
to be that the cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 2 did not have the rapid-cooling layer and the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material of the temperature maintenance
layer did not have the amount of cooling required for cooling the
cold insulation target B to the predetermined temperature zone.
[0089] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example had the rapid-cooling layer 1 including the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a for rapidly cooling the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined
time and the temperature maintenance layer 2 including the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a for maintaining
the cold insulation target B in the predetermined temperature zone
for the predetermined time or longer. The amount of cooling of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a was larger than the amount
of cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer. The cold
insulation member 10 could rapidly cool the cold insulation target
B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined time
by the rapid-cooling layer 1 and could maintain the cold insulation
target B in the predetermined temperature zone for the
predetermined time or longer by the temperature maintenance layer
2.
EXAMPLE 2
[0090] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 2 of
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7.
In the present example, a cold insulation target B including 750 g
of white wine as the liquid L was cooled by the cold insulation
member 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The cold insulation member 10
was used after being cooled to about -20.degree. C. in a freezer
room. The predetermined temperature zone of the white wine was
9.degree. C. to 11.degree. C. A rapid-cooling heat-storage material
1a was composed of 200 g of potassium chloride aqueous solution, as
a main agent, having a potassium chloride concentration of 20
percent by weight. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
according to the present example had phase change temperature at
about -11.degree. C. which was a phase change temperature of the
potassium chloride aqueous solution. In this regard, a gellatinizer
was added to the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a so as to
gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide
monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer.
Relative to 200 g of rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the
acrylamide monomer was set to be 5%, the
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be 0.1%, and
2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard, the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0091] Meanwhile, TBAB was used for the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a. The temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a was produced by using 100 g of TBAB aqueous solution
having a TBAB concentration of 25 percent by weight. The
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a that uses TBAB
aqueous solution having a TBAB concentration of 25 percent by
weight had a phase change temperature of about 8.degree. C. to
10.degree. C. In this regard, a gellatinizer was added to the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as to
gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide
monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer.
Relative to 100 g of temperature maintenance heat-storage material
2a, the acrylamide monomer was set to be 5%, the
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be 0.1%, and
2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard, the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0092] FIG. 7 is a graph showing the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation target B
at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold insulation
member 10 according to the present example. The horizontal axis in
FIG. 7 indicates the time (min), and the vertical axis indicates
the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the curve shown by a solid
line in FIG. 7 indicates the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B. In the present example, the temperature of the
liquid L in the central portion of the container G of the cold
insulation target B was measured as the temperature of the cold
insulation target B. Meanwhile, the curve shown by alternate long
and short dashed lines shown in FIG. 7 indicates the temperature
change in between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature
maintenance layer 2 of the cold insulation member 10. The
temperature sensor was arranged on the cold insulation target B and
between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance
layer 2 after the temperature measurement was started and,
therefore, the room temperature was measured at a point in time
when the temperature measurement was started. The temperature in
between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance
layer 2 measured about -8.degree. C. about 3 minutes after start of
the temperature measurement.
[0093] As shown in FIG. 7, the cold insulation target B was cooled
to 11.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the predetermined
temperature range, after a lapse of about 20 minutes. Also, after a
lapse of about 70 minutes, the temperature in between the
rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2
reached about 8.degree. C. which was the phase change temperature
of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a, and cold
insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a was started. The cold
insulation member 10 could maintain the cold insulation target B at
11.degree. C., which was within the predetermined temperature zone,
due to cold insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a until about 150
minutes elapsed.
[0094] As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example could rapidly cool the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature range in about 18
minutes. Also, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could maintain the cold insulation target B in the
predetermined temperature range for about 130 minutes by utilizing
the latent heat of the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a. This is because the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature range for the predetermined time or longer. As
described above, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could be favorably used as a wine cooler for white
wine.
[0095] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example had the rapid-cooling layer 1 including the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a for rapidly cooling the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined
time and the temperature maintenance layer 2 including the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a for maintaining
the cold insulation target B in the predetermined temperature zone
for the predetermined time or longer. The amount of cooling of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a was larger than the amount
of cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer. The cold
insulation member 10 could rapidly cool the cold insulation target
B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined time
by the rapid-cooling layer 1 and could maintain the cold insulation
target B in the predetermined temperature zone for the
predetermined time or longer by the temperature maintenance layer
2.
EXAMPLE 3
[0096] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 3 of
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8.
In the present example, a cold insulation target B including 750 g
of red wine as the liquid L was cooled by the cold insulation
member 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The cold insulation member 10
was used after being cooled to about -20.degree. C. in a freezer
room. The predetermined temperature zone of the red wine was
16.degree. C. to 18.degree. C. A rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a was composed of 150 g of potassium chloride aqueous
solution, as a main agent, having a potassium chloride
concentration of 20 percent by weight. The rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a according to the present example had a
phase change temperature at about -11.degree. C. which was a phase
change temperature of the potassium chloride aqueous solution. In
this regard, a gellatinizer was added to the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a so as to gelatinize. An acrylamide
monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric
acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 150 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0097] Meanwhile, TBAB was used for the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a. The temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a was produced by using 200 g of TBAB aqueous solution
having a TBAB concentration of 35 percent by weight. The
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a that uses TBAB
aqueous solution having a TBAB concentration of 35 percent by
weight had a phase change temperature of about 11.5.degree. C. In
this regard, a gellatinizer was added to the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as to gelatinize. An
acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and
2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 200 g
of temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a, the acrylamide
monomer was set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer
was set to be 0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In
this regard, the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
is not necessarily gelatinized.
[0098] FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation target B
at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold insulation
member 10 according to the present example. The horizontal axis in
FIG. 8 indicates the time (min), and the vertical axis indicates
the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the curve shown by a solid
line in FIG. 8 indicates the temperature change of the cold
insulation target B. In the present example, the temperature of the
liquid L in the central portion of the container G of the cold
insulation target B was measured as the temperature of the cold
insulation target B. Meanwhile, the curve shown by alternate long
and short dashed lines in FIG. 8 indicates the temperature change
in between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature
maintenance layer 2 of the cold insulation member 10. The
temperature sensor was arranged on the cold insulation target B and
between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance
layer 2 after the temperature measurement was started and,
therefore, the room temperature was measured at a point in time
when the temperature measurement was started. The temperature in
between the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance
layer 2 measured about -12.degree. C. about 3 minutes after start
of the temperature measurement.
[0099] As shown in FIG. 8, the cold insulation target B was cooled
to 18.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the predetermined
temperature range, after a lapse of about 14 minutes. Also, after a
lapse of about 130 minutes, the temperature in between the
rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2
reached about 11.5.degree. C. which was the phase change
temperature of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
2a, and cold insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a was started. The
cold insulation member 10 could maintain the cold insulation target
B at 18.degree. C., which was within the predetermined temperature
zone, due to cold insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a until about 180
minutes elapsed. In this regard, the cold insulation target B was
cooled to about 1.degree. C. lower than the predetermined
temperature zone (16.degree. C. to 18.degree. C.) between about 24
minutes to about 160 minutes but this was considered to be within
the allowance range.
[0100] As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example could rapidly cool the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature range in about 14
minutes. Also, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could maintain the cold insulation target B in the
predetermined temperature range for about 165 minutes by utilizing
the latent heat of the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a. This is because the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature range for the predetermined time or longer. As
described above, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could be favorably used as a wine cooler for red
wine.
[0101] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example had the rapid-cooling layer 1 including the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a for rapidly cooling the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined
time and the temperature maintenance layer 2 including the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a for maintaining
the cold insulation target B in the predetermined temperature zone
for the predetermined time or longer. The amount of cooling of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a was larger than the amount
of cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer. The cold
insulation member 10 could rapidly cool the cold insulation target
B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined time
by the rapid-cooling layer 1 and could maintain the cold insulation
target B in the predetermined temperature zone for the
predetermined time or longer by the temperature maintenance layer
2.
[0102] Next, other examples of the cold insulation member 10
according to the present embodiment will be described with
reference to FIG. 9 to FIG. 15. In this regard, the same
constituents, which have the same operations and advantages as
those of the cold insulation member 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the
like, are indicated by the same reference numerals as those set
forth above and the explanations thereof will not be provided. FIG.
9 and FIG. 10 show cross-sectional shapes of the cold insulation
member 10 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 9(a) and FIG.
10(a) show cross sections cut along a plane including the center
axis of the cylindrical cold insulation member 10. FIG. 9(b) and
FIG. 10(b) show cross sections of the cold insulation member 10 cut
along a line A-A orthogonal to the center axis of the cold
insulation member 10 shown in FIG. 9(a) and FIG. 10(a),
respectively. FIGS. 9(a) and (b) show the state in which the cold
insulation target B is insulated against heat loss by the cold
insulation member 10. FIGS. 10(a) and (b) show the state in which
the cold insulation target B is removed from the cold insulation
member 10.
[0103] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
embodiment is characterized in that an upper portion in the use
state has the same tapered shape as the shape of the container G of
the cold insulation target B. Specifically, the upper portion of
the rapid-cooling layer 1 has the same tapered shape as the shape
of the container G. The temperature maintenance layer 2 has the
same shape as the shape of the rapid-cooling layer 1 and is
arranged in contact with the rapid-cooling layer 1 so as to cover
the rapid-cooling layer 1. Consequently, the cold insulation member
10 according to the present embodiment can increase the contact
area with the cold insulation target B and improve the effect of
insulating against heat loss.
EXAMPLE 4
[0104] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 4 of
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 11
to FIG. 13. In the present example, a cold insulation target B
including 750 g of sparkling wine as the liquid L was cooled by the
cold insulation member 10 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10. The cold
insulation member 10 was used after being cooled to about
-20.degree. C. in a freezer room. The predetermined temperature
zone of the sparkling wine was 4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C. A
mixture of 200 g of potassium chloride aqueous solution, as a main
agent, having a potassium chloride concentration of 20 percent by
weight and 100 g of sodium chloride aqueous solution having a
sodium chloride concentration of 20 percent by weight was used as a
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a. The rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a according to the present example had phase
change temperatures at about -11.degree. C., which was a phase
change temperature of the potassium chloride aqueous solution, and
about -21.degree. C. which was a phase change temperature of the
sodium chloride aqueous solution. The rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a according to the present example was produced by mixing
the potassium chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic
concentration and the sodium chloride aqueous solution having a
eutectic concentration at a ratio of 1:1. Regarding the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a produced by mixing the
potassium chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration
and the sodium chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic
concentration at a ratio of 1:1, 50% came into a frozen state
(solid phase state) at about -11.degree. C., which was the phase
change temperature of the potassium chloride aqueous solution, and
the remainder 50% came into an unfrozen state (liquid phase state).
In the use state of the cold insulation member 10, the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a of the rapid-cooling layer 1
was brought into the state, in which a portion of the potassium
chloride aqueous solution in the solid phase state and a portion of
the sodium chloride aqueous solution in the liquid state were
present together. Consequently, the shape of the rapid-cooling
layer 1 could be changed in accordance with the shape of the cold
insulation target B. In this regard, a gellatinizer was added to
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a so as to gelatinize. An
acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and
2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 300 g
of rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer
was set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set
to be 0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this
regard, the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not
necessarily gelatinized.
[0105] Meanwhile, a mixture of 100 g of water as a main agent and
100 g of sodium chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride
concentration of 20 percent by weight was used as a temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2b. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a according to the present example had phase
change temperatures at 0.degree. C., which was a phase change
temperature of the water, and about -21.degree. C. which was a
phase change temperature of the sodium chloride aqueous solution.
The temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a according to
the present example was produced by mixing the water and the sodium
chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration at a
ratio of 1:1. Regarding the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a produced by mixing the water and the sodium chloride
aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration at a ratio of 1:1,
50% came into a frozen state (solid phase state) at 0.degree. C.,
which was the phase change temperature of the water, and the
remainder 50% came into an unfrozen state (liquid phase state). In
the use state of the cold insulation member 10, the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a of the temperature maintenance
layer 2 was brought into the state, in which a portion of the water
in the solid phase state and a portion of the sodium chloride
aqueous solution in the liquid state were present together.
Consequently, the shape of the temperature maintenance layer 2
could be changed in accordance with the shape of the cold
insulation target B. In this regard, a gellatinizer was added to
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as to
gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide
monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer.
Relative to 200 g of temperature maintenance heat-storage material
2a, the acrylamide monomer was set to be 5%, the
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be 0.1%, and
2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard, the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0106] FIG. 11 is a graph showing the temperature change of the
cold insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation
target B at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example. The
horizontal axis in FIG. 11 indicates the time (min), and the
vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the
curve shown by a solid line in FIG. 11 indicates the temperature
change of the cold insulation target B. In the present example, the
temperature of the liquid L in the central portion of the container
G of the cold insulation target B was measured as the temperature
of the cold insulation target B.
[0107] As shown in FIG. 11, the cold insulation target B was cooled
to 6.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the predetermined
temperature range, after a lapse of about 24 minutes. The cold
insulation member 10 could maintain the cold insulation target B in
the predetermined temperature zone due to cold insulation by
utilizing the latent heat of the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a until about 140 minutes elapsed. In this
regard, the cold insulation target B was cooled to about 1.degree.
C. to 3.degree. C. lower than the predetermined temperature zone
(4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C.) between about 33 minutes to about
108 minutes but this was considered to be within the allowance
range.
[0108] The temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a had an
amount of latent heat required for maintaining the cold insulation
target B in the predetermined temperature range for the
predetermined time or longer. As described above, the cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example could be
favorably used as a wine cooler for sparkling wine.
[0109] Next, a cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 3 will be described. The cold insulation member according
to Comparative example 3 had a rapid-cooling layer but did not have
a temperature maintenance layer. The rapid-cooling layer of the
cold insulation member according to Comparative example 3 had the
same structure as the structure of the rapid-cooling layer 1 of the
cold insulation member 10 according to Example 4 above. Also, in
the same manner as Example 4 above, a cold insulation target B
including 750 g of sparkling wine as the liquid L was used. Also,
the temperature of the liquid L in the central portion of the
container G of the cold insulation target B was measured as the
temperature of the cold insulation target B. In this regard, other
conditions were the same as those in Example 4 above.
[0110] FIG. 12 is a graph showing the temperature change of the
cold insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation
target B at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold
insulation member according to Comparative example 3. The
horizontal axis in FIG. 12 indicates the time (min), and the
vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the
curve shown by a solid line in FIG. 12 indicates the temperature
change of the cold insulation target B. As shown in FIG. 12, the
temperature of the cold insulation target B was about 13.degree. C.
after a lapse of about 60 minutes, and the temperature of the cold
insulation target B began to increase again after a lapse of about
70 minutes. In this manner, the cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 3 could not cool the cold insulation target B
to the predetermined temperature zone. The reason for this is
considered to be that the cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 3 did not have the temperature maintenance
layer and, thereby, the periphery side of the rapid-cooling layer
was exposed at the outside air and the cold heat of the
rapid-cooling layer was taken by the outside air.
[0111] Next, a cold insulation member according to Comparative
example 4 will be described. The cold insulation member according
to Comparative example 4 did not have a rapid-cooling layer but had
a temperature maintenance layer. The temperature maintenance layer
of the cold insulation member according to Comparative example 4
had the same structure as the structure of the temperature
maintenance layer 2 of the cold insulation member 10 according to
Example 4 above. Also, in the same manner as Example 4 above, a
cold insulation target B including 750 g of sparkling wine as the
liquid L was used. Also, the temperature of the liquid L in the
central portion of the container G of the cold insulation target B
was measured as the temperature of the cold insulation target B. In
this regard, other conditions were the same as those in Example 4
above.
[0112] FIG. 13 is a graph showing the temperature change of the
cold insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation
target B at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold
insulation member according to Comparative example 4. The
horizontal axis in FIG. 13 indicates the time (min), and the
vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the
curve shown by a solid line in FIG. 13 indicates the temperature
change of the cold insulation target B. As shown in FIG. 13, the
temperature of the cold insulation target B was about 18.degree. C.
after a lapse of about 20 minutes, and the temperature of the cold
insulation target B began to increase again after a lapse of about
40 minutes. In this manner, the cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 4 could not cool the cold insulation target B
to the predetermined temperature zone. The reason for this is
considered to be that the cold insulation member according to
Comparative example 4 did not have the rapid-cooling layer and the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material of the temperature
maintenance layer did not have the amount of cooling required for
cooling the cold insulation target B to the predetermined
temperature zone.
[0113] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example had the rapid-cooling layer 1 including the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a for rapidly cooling the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined
time and the temperature maintenance layer 2 including the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a for maintaining
the cold insulation target B in the predetermined temperature zone
for the predetermined time or longer. The amount of cooling of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a was larger than the amount
of cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer. The cold
insulation member 10 could rapidly cool the cold insulation target
B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined time
by the rapid-cooling layer 1 and could maintain the cold insulation
target B in the predetermined temperature zone for the
predetermined time or longer by the temperature maintenance layer
2.
EXAMPLE 5
[0114] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 5 of
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 14.
In the present example, a cold insulation target B including 750 g
of white wine as the liquid L was cooled by the cold insulation
member 10 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10. The cold insulation member
10 was used after being cooled to about -20.degree. C. in a freezer
room. The predetermined temperature zone of the white wine was
9.degree. C. to 11.degree. C. A mixture of 100 g of potassium
chloride aqueous solution, as a main agent, having a potassium
chloride concentration of 20 percent by weight and 50 g of sodium
chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride concentration of
20 percent by weight was used as a rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a according
to the present example had phase change temperatures at about
-11.degree. C., which was a phase change temperature of the
potassium chloride aqueous solution, and about -21.degree. C. which
was a phase change temperature of the sodium chloride aqueous
solution. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a according to
the present example was produced by mixing the potassium chloride
aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration and the sodium
chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration at a
ratio of 2:1. Regarding the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
produced by mixing the potassium chloride aqueous solution having a
eutectic concentration and the sodium chloride aqueous solution
having a eutectic concentration at a ratio of 2:1, about 66% came
into a frozen state (solid phase state) at about -11.degree. C.,
which was the phase change temperature of the potassium chloride
aqueous solution, and the remainder about 33% came into an unfrozen
state (liquid phase state). In the use state of the cold insulation
member 10, the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a of the
rapid-cooling layer 1 was brought into the state, in which a
portion of the potassium chloride aqueous solution in the solid
phase state and a portion of the sodium chloride aqueous solution
in the liquid state were present together. Consequently, the shape
of the rapid-cooling layer 1 could be changed in accordance with
the shape of the cold insulation target B. In this regard, a
gellatinizer was added to the rapid-cooling heat-storage material
1a so as to gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were
used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 150 g of rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer was set to be 5%,
the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be 0.1%, and
2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard, the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0115] Meanwhile, a mixture of 100 g of TBAB aqueous solution, as a
main agent, having a TBAB concentration of 35 percent by weight and
100 g of sodium chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride
concentration of 20 percent by weight was used as a temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a according to the present example had phase
change temperatures at about 11.5.degree. C., which was a phase
change temperature of a clathrate hydrate of TBAB (temperature at
which decomposition into water and TBAB occurred), and about
-21.degree. C. which was a phase change temperature of the sodium
chloride aqueous solution. The temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a was brought into the state, in which a portion of the
sodium chloride aqueous solution in the liquid state and a portion
of the clathrate hydrate of TBAB in the solid phase state were
present together. Consequently, the shape of the temperature
maintenance layer 2 could be changed in accordance with the shape
of the cold insulation target B. In this regard, a gellatinizer was
added to the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as
to gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were
used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 200 g of temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is not
necessarily gelatinized.
[0116] FIG. 14 is a graph showing the temperature change of the
cold insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation
target B at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example. The
horizontal axis in FIG. 14 indicates the time (min), and the
vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the
curve shown by a solid line in FIG. 14 indicates the temperature
change of the cold insulation target B. In the present example, the
temperature of the liquid L in the central portion of the container
G of the cold insulation target B was measured as the temperature
of the cold insulation target B.
[0117] As shown in FIG. 14, the cold insulation target B was cooled
to 11.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the predetermined
temperature range, after a lapse of about 15 minutes. The cold
insulation member 10 could maintain the cold insulation target B at
11.degree. C. within the predetermined temperature zone due to cold
insulation by utilizing the latent heat of the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a until about 80 minutes
elapsed. As described above, the cold insulation member 10
according to the present example could be favorably used as a wine
cooler for white wine.
[0118] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example had the rapid-cooling layer 1 including the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a for rapidly cooling the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined
time and the temperature maintenance layer 2 including the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a for maintaining
the cold insulation target B in the predetermined temperature zone
for the predetermined time or longer. The amount of cooling of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a was larger than the amount
of cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer. The cold
insulation member 10 could rapidly cool the cold insulation target
B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined time
by the rapid-cooling layer 1 and could maintain the cold insulation
target B in the predetermined temperature zone for the
predetermined time or longer by the temperature maintenance layer
2.
EXAMPLE 6
[0119] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 6 of
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 15.
In the present example, a cold insulation target B including 750 g
of red wine as the liquid L was cooled by the cold insulation
member 10 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10. The cold insulation member
10 was used after being cooled to about -20.degree. C. in a freezer
room. The predetermined temperature zone of the red wine was
16.degree. C. to 18.degree. C. A mixture of 75 g of potassium
chloride aqueous solution, as a main agent, having a potassium
chloride concentration of 20 percent by weight and 25 g of sodium
chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride concentration of
20 percent by weight was used as a rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a according
to the present example had phase change temperatures at about
-11.degree. C., which was a phase change temperature of the
potassium chloride aqueous solution, and about -21.degree. C. which
was a phase change temperature of the sodium chloride aqueous
solution. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a according to
the present example was produced by mixing the potassium chloride
aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration and the sodium
chloride aqueous solution having a eutectic concentration at a
ratio of 3:1. Regarding the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a
produced by mixing the potassium chloride aqueous solution having a
eutectic concentration and the sodium chloride aqueous solution
having a eutectic concentration at a ratio of 3:1, 75% came into a
frozen state (solid phase state) at about -11.degree. C., which was
the phase change temperature of the potassium chloride aqueous
solution, and the remainder 25% came into an unfrozen state (liquid
phase state). In this regard, a gelatinizer was added to the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a so as to gelatinize. An
acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and
2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 100 g
of rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer
was set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set
to be 0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this
regard, the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not
necessarily gelatinized.
[0120] Meanwhile, TBAB was used for the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a. The temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a was produced that uses 100 g of TBAB aqueous solution
having a TBAB concentration of 35 percent by weight. The
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a that uses TBAB
aqueous solution having a TBAB concentration of 35 percent by
weight had a phase change temperature of about 11.5.degree. C. In
this regard, a gellatinizer was added to the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as to gelatinize. An
acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and
2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 100 g
of temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a, the acrylamide
monomer was set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer
was set to be 0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In
this regard, the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
is not necessarily gelatinized.
[0121] FIG. 15 is a graph showing the temperature change of the
cold insulation target B in the case where the cold insulation
target B at ambient temperature was cooled by using the cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example. The
horizontal axis in FIG. 15 indicates the time (min), and the
vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree. C.). Also, the
curve shown by a solid line in FIG. 15 indicates the temperature
change of the cold insulation target B. In the present example, the
temperature of the liquid L in the central portion of the container
G of the cold insulation target B was measured as the temperature
of the cold insulation target B.
[0122] As shown in FIG. 15, the cold insulation target B was cooled
to 18.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the predetermined
temperature range, after a lapse of about 12 minutes. The cold
insulation member 10 could maintain the cold insulation target B at
16.degree. C. to 18.degree. C., which was the predetermined
temperature zone, due to cold insulation by utilizing the latent
heat of the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a until
about 120 minutes elapsed.
[0123] As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example could rapidly cool the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature range in about 12
minutes. Also, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could maintain the cold insulation target B in the
predetermined temperature range for about 110 minutes by utilizing
the latent heat of the temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a. This is because the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature range for the predetermined time or longer. As
described above, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could be favorably used as a wine cooler for red
wine.
[0124] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example had the rapid-cooling layer 1 including the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a for rapidly cooling the cold insulation
target B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined
time and the temperature maintenance layer 2 including the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a for maintaining
the cold insulation target B in the predetermined temperature zone
for the predetermined time or longer. The amount of cooling of the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a was larger than the amount
of cooling required for cooling the cold insulation target B to the
predetermined temperature zone. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a had an amount of latent heat required for
maintaining the cold insulation target B in the predetermined
temperature zone for the predetermined time or longer. The cold
insulation member 10 could rapidly cool the cold insulation target
B to the predetermined temperature zone in the predetermined time
by the rapid-cooling layer 1 and could maintain the cold insulation
target B in the predetermined temperature zone for the
predetermined time or longer by the temperature maintenance layer
2.
EXAMPLE 7
[0125] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 7 of
the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 16
to FIG. 18. In this regard, the same constituents, which have the
same operations and advantages as those of the cold insulation
member 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the like, are indicated by the same
reference numerals as those set forth above and the explanations
thereof will not be provided, the explanations will not be
provided. FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 show cross-sectional shapes of the
cold insulation member 10 according to the present example. FIG.
16(a) and FIG. 17(a) show cross sections cut along a plane
including the center axis of the cylindrical cold insulation member
10. FIG. 16(b) and FIG. 17(b) show cross sections of the cold
insulation member 10 cut along a line A-A orthogonal to the center
axis of the cold insulation member 10 shown in FIG. 16(a) and FIG.
17(a), respectively. The cold insulation member 10 according to the
present embodiment was characterized by including a heat-insulating
layer 3 which was arranged beyond the temperature maintenance layer
2 and which included a heat-insulating material.
[0126] The heat-insulating layer 3 was arranged along the periphery
of the temperature maintenance layer 2. The heat-insulating
material of the heat-insulating layer 3 insulated the rapid-cooling
layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2 against the heat
transferred from the outside. The heat-insulating material of the
heat-insulating layer 3 was formed by using a fibrous insulation
material (glass wool or the like), a foamed resin insulation
material (styrol foam, urethane foam), a vacuum insulation
material, cloth, or the like.
[0127] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
embodiment included the heat-insulating layer 3 arranged beyond the
temperature maintenance layer 2. Therefore, the cold heat of the
rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2 can
be prevented from being released to the outside, and the cooling
effect can be improved.
EXAMPLE 8
[0128] A cold insulation member 10 according to Example 8 of the
present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 18. The
cold insulation member 10 according to the present embodiment was
characterized by including a rapid-cooling layer 1 and a
temperature maintenance layer 2, which were divided into a
plurality of parts. In the case where each of the rapid-cooling
layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2 was divided into a
plurality of parts in the cold insulation member 10, the
rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2 could
be arranged in accordance with the shape and the size of the cold
insulation target B. Consequently, the cold insulation member 10
according to the present example could effectively cool the cold
insulation target to the predetermined temperature zone in a short
time and could maintain the cold insulation target in the
predetermined temperature zone for a long time.
[0129] FIG. 18(a) shows the cross-sectional shape of the cold
insulation member 10 in the same manner as the states shown in FIG.
16(b) and FIG. 17(b). FIG. 18(b) shows the state of the cold
insulation member 10 observed from the temperature maintenance
layer 2 side. As shown in FIGS. 18(a) and (b), the cold insulation
member 10 includes the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature
maintenance layer 2, each divided into six parts. In this regard,
one rapid-cooling layer 1 and one temperature maintenance layer 2
are integrally formed so as to have a rectangular shape.
[0130] The rapid-cooling layer 1 and the temperature maintenance
layer 2 are connected to each other by a connection portion 4. In
this regard, the connection portion 4 has a shrink property, and
the cold insulation member 10 is easily arranged on the cold
insulation target B. Examples of materials usable for forming the
connection portion 4 include silicon rubber, elastomer resin, and
sponge but are not limited to these in the present example.
[0131] FIGS. 18(c) and (d) show cross-sectional shapes of the cold
insulation members 10 in the same manner as the states shown in
FIG. 16(b) and FIG. 17(b). FIG. 18(c) shows the cross-sectional
shape of the cold insulation member 10 including the rapid-cooling
layer 1 and the temperature maintenance layer 2, each divided into
three parts. The cold insulation member 10 shown in FIG. 18(c)
includes three independent rapid-cooling layers 1 and temperature
maintenance layers 2. In this regard, one rapid-cooling layer 1 and
one temperature maintenance layer 2 are integrally formed so as to
have the shape of a curved surface having the same curvature as the
curvature of the container G of the cold insulation target B. The
cold insulation member 10 according to the present example includes
a plurality of rapid-cooling layers 1 and temperature maintenance
layers 2. The plurality of rapid-cooling layers 1 and temperature
maintenance layers 2 are independently formed, and the cold
insulation member 10 is used by being fixed to the cold insulation
target B with braids, elastic braids, or the like. According to the
cold insulation member 10 of the preset example, adhesion to the
cold insulation target B can be enhanced and, thereby, the cooling
effect can be improved.
[0132] FIG. 18(d) shows the cold insulation member 10 in which the
plurality of rapid-cooling layers 1 and temperature maintenance
layers 2 shown in FIG. 18(c) are connected to each other. The cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example includes
connection portions 5 for connecting the plurality of rapid-cooling
layers 1 and temperature maintenance layers 2. Examples of
materials usable for forming the connection portion 5 include
silicon rubber, elastomer resin, and sponge but are not limited to
these in the present example. The cold insulation member 10
according to the present example can be easily arranged on the cold
insulation target B.
[0133] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example includes a plurality of rapid-cooling layers 1 and
temperature maintenance layers 2. One rapid-cooling layer 1 and one
temperature maintenance layer 2 are integrally formed. Meanwhile,
adjacent rapid-cooling layers 1 and adjacent temperature
maintenance layers 2 are connected to each other with the
connection portion 4 or the connection portion 5. The cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example can be easily
arranged on the cold insulation target B.
EXAMPLE 9
[0134] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 9 of
the present embodiment will be described. The cold insulation
member 10 according to the present example had the same
configuration as the configuration of the cold insulation member 10
shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17. The rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a was composed of 250 g of sodium chloride aqueous
solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 10 percent by
weight. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a according to the
present example had a phase change temperature of about -7.degree.
C. In this regard, a gelatinizer was added to the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a so as to gelatinize. An acrylamide
monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric
acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 250 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0135] The temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a was
composed of 153 g of sodium chloride aqueous solution having a
sodium chloride concentration of 10 percent by weight. The
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a according to the
present example had a phase change temperature of about -7.degree.
C. In this regard, a gelatinizer was added to the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as to gelatinize. An
acrylamide monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and
2-ketoglutaric acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 153 g
of temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a, the acrylamide
monomer was set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer
was set to be 0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In
this regard, the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a
is not necessarily gelatinized. Meanwhile, a heat-insulating sheet,
in which aluminum was evaporated on one surface of rectangular
polyethylene (PE), having a thickness of about 1 mm was used for
the heat-insulating layer 3.
[0136] FIG. 19(a) is a graph showing the temperature change of
sparkling wine included in the cold insulation target B in the case
where the cold insulation target B was cooled under conditions that
simulated real use conditions by using the cold insulation member
10 according to the present example cooled to -18.degree. C. in a
freezer room. The horizontal axis in FIG. 19(a) indicates the time
(min), and the vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree.
C.). In the present example, a glass wine bottle having a height of
30 cm was used as the container G, and the temperature of the
sparkling wine in the wine bottle was measured at three positions,
which were an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion,
in the wine bottle. The temperature measurement position of the
upper portion in the wine bottle was set to be the position at 13
cm from the bottle upper end downward in the vertical direction.
The temperature measurement position of the middle portion in the
wine bottle was set to be the position at 17 cm from the bottle
upper end downward in the vertical direction. The temperature
measurement position of the lower portion in the wine bottle was
set to be the position at 22 cm from the bottle upper end downward
in the vertical direction. The curve shown by a dotted line in FIG.
19(a) indicates the temperature change of the sparkling wine of the
upper portion in the wine bottle, the curve shown by alternate long
and short dashed lines indicates the temperature change of the
sparkling wine of the middle portion in the wine bottle, and the
curve shown by a solid line indicates the temperature change of the
sparkling wine of the lower portion in the wine bottle.
[0137] In this regard, as the real use conditions of the
above-described cold insulation member 10, it was assumed that
drinking of the wine was started 30 minutes after start of cooling
of wine, 200 ml of sparkling wine was poured into a glass from the
container G 30 minutes after start of cooling of the sparkling wine
by using the cold insulation member 10, 100 ml of sparkling wine
was poured into a glass from the container G 45 minutes after start
of cooling, and 100 ml of sparkling wine was poured into a glass
from the container G 60 minutes after start of cooling. The liquid
level of the sparkling wine in the wine bottle came down under the
temperature measurement position of the upper portion in the wine
bottle 30 minutes after start of cooling because 200 ml of
sparkling wine was poured into the glass from the container G.
Consequently, the temperature of the upper portion in the wine
bottle was not measured 30 minutes or more after start of cooling.
Also, the liquid level of the sparkling wine in the wine bottle
came down under the temperature measurement position of the middle
portion in the wine bottle 60 minutes or more after start of
cooling because 400 ml in total of sparkling wine was poured into
the glass from the container G. Consequently, the temperature of
the middle portion in the wine bottle was not measured 60 minutes
or more after start of cooling.
[0138] Next, the experimental results of cold insulation
performance of the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example will be described in more detail by using FIG.
19(b) with reference to FIG. 19(a). FIG. 19(b) is a table
summarizing the experimental results of cold insulation performance
of the heat-storage member 10 according to the present example. The
target temperature shown in the table in FIG. 19(b) indicates the
target temperature of the sparkling wine in the case where the
sparkling wine was cooled by using the cold insulation member 10
according to the present example, and the target temperature was
set to be 4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C., which was a temperature
suitable for drinking the sparkling wine. Also, the target time
required shown in the table in FIG. 19(b) indicates a target time
required for cooling the sparkling wine at room temperature to the
target temperature by using the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example, and the target time required was set to be
30 minutes. The time required shown in the table in FIG. 19(b)
indicates the time required for the temperature of the sparkling
wine of the middle portion in the wine bottle to reach 6.degree.
C., which was the upper limit of the target temperature, from room
temperature in the graph of the temperature change of the sparkling
wine shown in FIG. 19(a), and the time required was 27 minutes.
Also, the target maintenance time shown in the table in FIG. 19(b)
indicates the target time for which the sparkling wine that had
been originally at room temperature was maintained at the target
temperature by using the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example, and the target maintenance time was set to be 60
minutes. Also, the maintenance time shown in the table in FIG.
19(b) indicates the time, for which the temperature of the
sparkling wine of the lower portion in the wine bottle was
maintained at the target temperature of 4.degree. C. to 6.degree.
C., in the graph of the temperature change of the sparkling wine
shown in FIG. 19(a), and the maintenance time was 59 minutes. As
described above, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could rapidly cool the sparkling wine included in
the cold insulation target B from room temperature to 6.degree. C.,
which was the upper limit of the target temperature, in 27 minutes,
which was within the target time required, and thereafter, could
maintain the sparkling wine at the target temperature of 4.degree.
C. to 6.degree. C. for 59 minutes corresponding to the target
maintenance time. In this regard, the temperature of 200 ml of
sparkling wine poured into the glass 30 minutes after start of
cooling of the cold insulation target B was 8.7.degree. C., the
temperature of 100 ml of sparkling wine poured into the glass 45
minutes after start of cooling of the cold insulation target B was
6.5.degree. C., and the temperature of 100 ml of sparkling wine
poured into the glass 30 minutes after start of cooling of the cold
insulation target B was 6.6.degree. C.
[0139] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example includes the heat-insulating layer 3 arranged beyond the
temperature maintenance layer 2. Consequently, heat transfer
between the cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example and the outside can be decreased so as to improve the
cooling effect of the rapid-cooling layer 1. Therefore, the amount
of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a can be reduced
compared with those of the cold insulation members 10 according to
Examples 1 and 4 above.
[0140] Meanwhile, in the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example, the same heat-storage material was used for the
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a and the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a. The rapid-cooling layer 1
including the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a was arranged
in the peripheral portion of the cold insulation target B and the
temperature maintenance layer 2 including the temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a was arranged beyond the
rapid-cooling layer 1. Therefore, a temperature increase of the
temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is slower than a
temperature increase of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a.
Consequently, even after the temperature of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a became nearly equal to the temperature of
the cold insulation target B, the heat of the cold insulation
target B flows into the temperature maintenance layer 2 because of
the temperature difference between the rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a and the temperature maintenance heat-storage material
2a, and the temperature maintenance layer 2 can continue to cool
the cold insulation target B. As a result, in the case where the
same heat-storage material is used for the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a and the temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a as well, the maintenance time of the cold
insulation target at the target temperature can be increased by
arranging the rapid-cooling layer 1 in the peripheral portion of
the cold insulation target and arranging the temperature
maintenance layer 2 beyond the rapid-cooling layer 1.
[0141] As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example could rapidly cool the sparkling wine
included in the cold insulation target B from room temperature to
6.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the target temperature,
in 27 minutes, which was within the target time required, and
thereafter, could maintain the sparkling wine at the target
temperature of 4.degree. C. to 6.degree. C. for 59 minutes
substantially corresponding to the target maintenance time. In
addition, the cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example can reduce the material cost by decreasing the amount of
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material. As described above, the
cold insulation member 10 according to the present example could be
favorably used as a wine cooler for sparkling wine.
EXAMPLE 10
[0142] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 10 of
the present embodiment will be described. The cold insulation
member 10 according to the present example had the same
configuration as the configuration of the cold insulation member 10
shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17. The rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a was composed of 165 g of sodium chloride aqueous
solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 10 percent by
weight. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a according to the
present example had a phase change temperature of about -7.degree.
C. In this regard, a gelatinizer was added to the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a so as to gelatinize. An acrylamide
monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric
acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 250 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0143] Meanwhile, a temperature maintenance heat-storage material
2a was produced by mixing 75 g of TBAB aqueous solution, as a main
agent, having a TBAB concentration of 25 percent by weight and 75 g
of sodium chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride
concentration of 20 percent by weight. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a having a TBAB concentration of 12.5
percent by weight and a sodium chloride concentration of 10 percent
by weight was produced by mixing 75 g of TBAB aqueous solution
having a TBAB concentration of 25 percent by weight and 75 g of
sodium chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride
concentration of 20 percent by weight. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a according to the present example had phase
change temperatures at about 11.5.degree. C., which was a phase
change temperature of a clathrate hydrate of TBAB (temperature at
which decomposition into water and TBAB occurred), and about
-21.degree. C. which was a phase change temperature of the sodium
chloride aqueous solution. The temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a was brought into the state, in which a portion of the
sodium chloride aqueous solution in the liquid state and a portion
of the clathrate hydrate of TBAB in the solid phase state were
present together, in the temperature range of -20.degree. C. to
11.degree. C. Consequently, the shape of the temperature
maintenance layer 2 could be changed in accordance with the shape
of the cold insulation target B. In this regard, a gelatinizer was
added to the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as
to gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were
used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 150 g of temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is not
necessarily gelatinized. Meanwhile, a heat-insulating sheet, in
which aluminum was evaporated on one surface of rectangular
polyethylene (PE), having a thickness of about 1 mm was used for
the heat-insulating layer 3.
[0144] FIG. 20(a) is a graph showing the temperature change of
white wine included in the cold insulation target B in the case
where the cold insulation target B was cooled under conditions that
simulated real use conditions by using the cold insulation member
10 according to the present example cooled to -18.degree. C. in a
freezer room. The horizontal axis in FIG. 20(a) indicates the time
(min), and the vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree.
C.). In the present example, a glass wine bottle having a height of
30 cm was used as the container G, and the temperature of the white
wine in the wine bottle was measured at three positions, which were
an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion, in the
wine bottle. The temperature measurement position of the upper
portion in the wine bottle was set to be the position at 13 cm from
the bottle upper end downward in the vertical direction. The
temperature measurement position of the middle portion in the wine
bottle was set to be the position at 17 cm from the bottle upper
end downward in the vertical direction. The temperature measurement
position of the lower portion in the wine bottle was set to be the
position at 22 cm from the bottle upper end downward in the
vertical direction. The curve shown by a dotted line in FIG. 20(a)
indicates the temperature change of the white wine of the upper
portion in the wine bottle, the curve shown by alternate long and
short dashed lines indicates the temperature change of the white
wine of the middle portion in the wine bottle, and the curve shown
by a solid line indicates the temperature change of the white wine
of the lower portion in the wine bottle.
[0145] In this regard, as the real use conditions of the
above-described cold insulation member 10, it was assumed that
drinking of the wine was started 30 minutes after start of cooling
of the wine, 200 ml of white wine was poured into a glass from the
container G 30 minutes after start of cooling of the white wine by
using the cold insulation member 10, 100 ml of white wine was
poured into a glass from the container G 45 minutes after start of
cooling, and 100 ml of white wine was poured into a glass from the
container G 60 minutes after start of cooling. The liquid level of
the white wine in the wine bottle came down under the temperature
measurement position of the upper portion in the wine bottle 30
minutes after start of cooling because 200 ml of white wine was
poured into the glass from the container G. Consequently, the
temperature of the upper portion in the wine bottle was not
measured 30 minutes or more after start of cooling. Also, the
liquid level of the white wine in the wine bottle came down under
the temperature measurement position of the middle portion in the
wine bottle 60 minutes or more after start of cooling because 400
ml in total of white wine was poured into the glass from the
container G. Consequently, the temperature of the middle portion in
the wine bottle was not measured 60 minutes or more after start of
cooling.
[0146] Next, the experimental results of cold insulation
performance of the heat-storage member 10 according to the present
example will be described in more detail by using FIG. 20(b) with
reference to FIG. 20(a). FIG. 20(b) is a table summarizing the
experimental results of cold insulation performance of the
heat-storage member 10 according to the present example. The target
temperature shown in the table in FIG. 20(b) indicates the target
temperature of the white wine in the case where the white wine was
cooled by using the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example, and the target temperature was set to be 9.degree.
C. to 11.degree. C., which was a temperature suitable for drinking
the white wine. Also, the target time required shown in the table
in FIG. 20(b) indicates a target time required for cooling the
white wine at room temperature to the target temperature by using
the cold insulation member 10 according to the present example, and
the target time required was set to be 30 minutes. The time
required shown in the table in FIG. 20(b) indicates the time
required for the temperature of the white wine of the middle
portion in the wine bottle to reach 11.degree. C., which was the
upper limit of the target temperature, from room temperature in the
graph of the temperature change of the white wine shown in FIG.
20(a), and the time required was 22 minutes. Also, the target
maintenance time shown in the table in FIG. 20(b) indicates the
target time for which the white wine that had been originally at
room temperature was maintained at the target temperature by using
the cold insulation member 10 according to the present example, and
the maintenance time was set to be 90 minutes. Also, the
maintenance time shown in the table in FIG. 20(b) indicates the
time, for which the temperature of the white wine of the lower
portion in the wine bottle was maintained at the target temperature
of 9.degree. C. to 11.degree. C., in the graph of the temperature
change of the white wine shown in FIG. 20(a), and the maintenance
time was 88 minutes. As described above, the cold insulation member
10 according to the present example could rapidly cool the white
wine included in the cold insulation target B from room temperature
to 11.degree. C., which was the upper limit of the target
temperature, in 22 minutes, which was within the target time
required, and thereafter, could maintain the white wine at the
target temperature of 9.degree. C. to 11.degree. C. for 88 minutes
corresponding to the target maintenance time. In this regard, the
temperature of 200 ml of white wine poured into the glass 30
minutes after start of cooling of the cold insulation target B was
12.6.degree. C., the temperature of 100 ml of white wine poured
into the glass 45 minutes after start of cooling of the cold
insulation target B was 10.8.degree. C., and the temperature of 100
ml of white wine poured into the glass 60 minutes after start of
cooling of the cold insulation target B was 10.5.degree. C.
[0147] The cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example includes the heat-insulating layer 3 arranged beyond the
temperature maintenance layer 2. Consequently, heat transfer
between the cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example and the outside can be decreased so as to improve the
cooling effect of the rapid-cooling layer 1. Therefore, the amount
of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a can be reduced
compared with those of the cold insulation members 10 according to
Examples 2 and 5 above.
[0148] As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example could rapidly cool the white wine included
in the cold insulation target B from room temperature to 11.degree.
C., which was the upper limit of the target temperature, in 22
minutes, which was within the target time required, and thereafter,
could maintain the white wine at the target temperature of
9.degree. C. to 11.degree. C. for 88 minutes substantially
corresponding to the target maintenance time. In addition, the cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example can reduce
the material cost by decreasing the amount of the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a. As described above, the cold insulation
member 10 according to the present example could be favorably used
as a wine cooler for white wine.
EXAMPLE 11
[0149] Next, a cold insulation member 10 according to Example 11 of
the present embodiment will be described. The cold insulation
member 10 according to the present example had the configuration
shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17. The rapid-cooling heat-storage
material 1a was composed of 75 g of sodium chloride aqueous
solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 10 percent by
weight. The rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a according to the
present example had a phase change temperature of about -7.degree.
C. In this regard, a gelatinizer was added to the rapid-cooling
heat-storage material 1a so as to gelatinize. An acrylamide
monomer, an N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric
acid were used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 250 g of
rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a is not necessarily
gelatinized.
[0150] Meanwhile, a temperature maintenance heat-storage material
2a was produced by mixing 60 g of TBAB aqueous solution, as a main
agent, having a TBAB concentration of 25 percent by weight and 60 g
of sodium chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride
concentration of 20 percent by weight. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a having a TBAB concentration of 12.5
percent by weight and a sodium chloride concentration of 10 percent
by weight was produced by mixing 60 g of TBAB aqueous solution
having a TBAB concentration of 25 percent by weight and 60 g of
sodium chloride aqueous solution having a sodium chloride
concentration of 20 percent by weight. The temperature maintenance
heat-storage material 2a according to the present example had phase
change temperatures at about 11.5.degree. C., which was a phase
change temperature of a clathrate hydrate of TBAB (temperature at
which decomposition into water and TBAB occurred), and about
-21.degree. C. which was a phase change temperature of the sodium
chloride aqueous solution. The temperature maintenance heat-storage
material 2a was brought into the state, in which a portion of the
sodium chloride aqueous solution in the liquid state and a portion
of the clathrate hydrate of TBAB in the solid phase state were
present together, in the temperature range of -20.degree. C. to
11.degree. C. Consequently, the shape of the temperature
maintenance layer 2 could be changed in accordance with the shape
of the cold insulation target B. In this regard, a gelatinizer was
added to the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a so as
to gelatinize. An acrylamide monomer, an
N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer, and 2-ketoglutaric acid were
used as the gelatinizer. Relative to 150 g of temperature
maintenance heat-storage material 2a, the acrylamide monomer was
set to be 5%, the N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide monomer was set to be
0.1%, and 2-ketoglutaric acid was set to be 0.12%. In this regard,
the temperature maintenance heat-storage material 2a is not
necessarily gelatinized. Meanwhile, a heat-insulating sheet, in
which aluminum was evaporated on one surface of rectangular
polyethylene (PE), having a thickness of about 1 mm was used for
the heat-insulating layer 3.
[0151] FIG. 21(a) is a graph showing the temperature change of red
wine included in the cold insulation target B in the case where the
cold insulation target B was cooled under conditions that simulated
real use conditions by using the cold insulation member 10
according to the present example cooled to -18.degree. C. in a
freezer room. The horizontal axis in FIG. 21(a) indicates the time
(min), and the vertical axis indicates the temperature (.degree.
C.). In the present example, a glass wine bottle having a height of
30 cm was used as the container G, and the temperature of the red
wine in the wine bottle was measured at three positions, which were
an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion, in the
wine bottle. The temperature measurement position of the upper
portion in the wine bottle was set to be the position at 13 cm from
the bottle upper end downward in the vertical direction. The
temperature measurement position of the middle portion in the wine
bottle was set to be the position at 17 cm from the bottle upper
end downward in the vertical direction. The temperature measurement
position of the lower portion in the wine bottle was set to be the
position at 22 cm from the bottle upper end downward in the
vertical direction. The curve shown by a dotted line in FIG. 21(a)
indicates the temperature change of the red wine of the upper
portion in the wine bottle, the curve shown by alternate long and
short dashed lines indicates the temperature change of the red wine
of the middle portion in the wine bottle, and the curve shown by a
solid line indicates the temperature change of the red wine of the
lower portion in the wine bottle.
[0152] In this regard, as the real use conditions of the
above-described cold insulation member 10, it was assumed that
drinking of the wine was started 30 minutes after start of cooling
of the wine, 200 ml of red wine was poured into a glass from the
container G 30 minutes after start of cooling of the red wine by
using the cold insulation member 10, 100 ml of red wine was poured
into a glass from the container G 45 minutes after start of
cooling, and 100 ml of red wine was poured into a glass from the
container G 60 minutes after start of cooling. The liquid level of
the red wine in the wine bottle came down under the temperature
measurement position of the upper portion in the wine bottle 30
minutes after start of cooling because 200 ml of red wine was
poured into the glass from the container G. Consequently, the
temperature of the upper portion in the wine bottle was not
measured 30 minutes or more after start of cooling. Also, the
liquid level of the red wine in the wine bottle came down under the
temperature measurement position of the middle portion in the wine
bottle 60 minutes or more after start of cooling because 400 ml in
total of red wine was poured into the glass from the container G.
Consequently, the temperature of the middle portion in the wine
bottle was not measured 60 minutes or more after start of
cooling.
[0153] Next, the experimental results of cold insulation
performance of the heat-storage member 10 according to the present
example will be described in more detail by using FIG. 21(b) with
reference to FIG. 21(a). FIG. 21(b) is a table summarizing the
experimental results of cold insulation performance of the
heat-storage member 10 according to the present example. The target
temperature shown in the table in FIG. 21(b) indicates the target
temperature of the red wine in the case where the red wine was
cooled by using the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example, and the target temperature was set to be
16.degree. C. to 18.degree. C., which was a temperature suitable
for drinking the red wine. Also, the target time required shown in
the table in FIG. 21(b) indicates a target time required for
cooling the red wine at room temperature to the target temperature
by using the cold insulation member 10 according to the present
example, and the target time required was set to be 20 minutes.
Also, the time required shown in the table in FIG. 21(b) indicates
the time required for the temperature of the red wine of the middle
portion in the wine bottle to reach 18.degree. C., which was the
upper limit of the target temperature, from room temperature in the
graph of the temperature change of the red wine shown in FIG.
21(a), and the time required was 13 minutes. Also, the target
maintenance time shown in the table in FIG. 21(b) indicates the
target time for which the red wine that had been originally at room
temperature was maintained at the target temperature by using the
cold insulation member 10 according to the present example, and the
maintenance time was set to be 120 minutes. Also, the maintenance
time shown in the table in FIG. 21(b) indicates the time, for which
the temperature of the red wine of the lower portion in the wine
bottle was maintained at the target temperature of 16.degree. C. to
18.degree. C., in the graph of the temperature change of the red
wine shown in FIG. 21(a), and the maintenance time was 127 minutes.
As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example could rapidly cool the red wine included in the
cold insulation target B from room temperature to 18.degree. C.,
which was the upper limit of the target temperature, in 13 minutes,
which was within the target time required, and thereafter, could
maintain the red wine at the target temperature of 16.degree. C. to
18.degree. C. for 127 minutes, which was longer than the target
maintenance time. In this regard, the temperature of 200 ml of red
wine poured into the glass 30 minutes after start of cooling of the
cold insulation target B was 17.5.degree. C., the temperature of
100 ml of red wine poured into the glass 45 minutes after start of
cooling of the cold insulation target B was 16.6.degree. C., and
the temperature of 100 ml of red wine poured into the glass 60
minutes after start of cooling of the cold insulation target B was
16.7.degree. C.
[0154] Meanwhile, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example includes the heat-insulating layer 3 arranged
beyond the temperature maintenance layer 2. Consequently, the cold
insulation member 10 according to the present example improves the
cooling effect of the rapid-cooling layer 1. Therefore, the amount
of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material 1a can be reduced
compared with those of the cold insulation members 10 according to
Examples 3 and 6 above.
[0155] As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according
to the present example could rapidly cool the red wine included in
the cold insulation target B from room temperature to 18.degree.
C., which was the upper limit of the target temperature, in 13
minutes, which was within the target time required, and thereafter,
could maintain the red wine at the target temperature of 16.degree.
C. to 18.degree. C. for 127 minutes, which was longer than the
target maintenance time. In addition, the cold insulation member 10
according to the present example can reduce the material cost by
decreasing the amount of the rapid-cooling heat-storage material.
As described above, the cold insulation member 10 according to the
present example can be favorably used as a wine cooler for red
wine.
[0156] The present invention is not limited to the above-described
embodiments and can be variously modified.
[0157] In Example 1 above, the cold insulation member 10 has a
cylindrical shape with open upper surface and bottom surface but is
not limited to this. For example, the bottom of the cold insulation
member 10 may be closed by the rapid-cooling layer 1 and the
temperature maintenance layer 2. Also, the cold insulation member
10 may have a hollow prism shape. Also, for example, the
cross-sectional shape cut along a plane orthogonal to the center
axis of the cold insulation member 10 is not limited to a circular
shape and may be an elliptical shape or a polygonal shape with tree
or more sides.
[0158] In this regard, in each of the above-described examples, the
cold insulation member 10 is used as the wine cooler, but the
present invention is not limited to these. The cold insulation
member according to the present invention may be used for cooling
perishable foods and processed foods of vegetables, fish, meat,
fruit, and the like and organs used for organ transportation, for
example.
[0159] Also, the cold insulation member according to the present
invention may be arranged in a cold insulation container, e.g., a
cooler box. The cold insulation container including the cold
insulation member according to the present invention can be used
for, for example, a wine cooler, a cooler box for cooling
perishable foods, processed foods, organs, and the like.
[0160] In this regard, technical features (constituents) described
in the above-described examples can be combined with each other,
and new technical features can be formed by combinations.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
[0161] The present invention can be widely used for cold insulation
members including heat-storage materials.
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST
[0162] 1 rapid-cooling layer
[0163] 1a rapid-cooling heat-storage material
[0164] 1b rapid-cooling heat-storage material accommodation
portion
[0165] 2 temperature maintenance layer
[0166] 2a temperature maintenance heat-storage material
[0167] 2b temperature maintenance heat-storage material
accommodation portion
[0168] 10 cold insulation member
[0169] 3 heat-insulating layer
[0170] 4, 5 connection portion
[0171] B cold insulation target
[0172] G container
[0173] L liquid
* * * * *