U.S. patent application number 15/091297 was filed with the patent office on 2017-02-09 for substituted 2-(chroman-6-yloxyl)-thiazoles and their use as pharmaceuticals.
The applicant listed for this patent is SANOFI. Invention is credited to Petra ARNDT, Patrice BELLEVERGUE, Werngard CZECHTIZKY, Heinz GOEGELEIN, Gary MCCORT, Michael PODESCHWA, Nils RACKELMANN, Olaf RITZELER, John WESTON, Klaus WIRTH.
Application Number | 20170037042 15/091297 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 47830387 |
Filed Date | 2017-02-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170037042 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
CZECHTIZKY; Werngard ; et
al. |
February 9, 2017 |
SUBSTITUTED 2-(CHROMAN-6-YLOXYL)-THIAZOLES AND THEIR USE AS
PHARMACEUTICALS
Abstract
The present invention relates to substituted
2-(chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazoles of the formula I, ##STR00001## in
which Ar, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the claims. The compounds
of the formula I are inhibitors of the sodium-calcium exchanger
(NCX), especially of the sodium-calcium exchanger of subtype 1
(NCX1), and are suitable for the treatment of diverse disorders in
which intracellular calcium homeostasis is disturbed, such as
arrhythmias, heart failure and stroke. The invention furthermore
relates to processes for the preparation of the compounds of the
formula I, their use as pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutical
compositions comprising them.
Inventors: |
CZECHTIZKY; Werngard;
(Frankfurt, DE) ; WESTON; John; (Kelkheim, DE)
; RACKELMANN; Nils; (Frankfurt, DE) ; PODESCHWA;
Michael; (Kelkheim, DE) ; ARNDT; Petra;
(Bickenbach, DE) ; WIRTH; Klaus; (Kriftel, DE)
; GOEGELEIN; Heinz; (Frankfurt, DE) ; RITZELER;
Olaf; (Bad Soden, DE) ; BELLEVERGUE; Patrice;
(Paris, FR) ; MCCORT; Gary; (Paris, FR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SANOFI |
Paris |
|
FR |
|
|
Family ID: |
47830387 |
Appl. No.: |
15/091297 |
Filed: |
April 5, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
14537218 |
Nov 10, 2014 |
|
|
|
15091297 |
|
|
|
|
13230357 |
Sep 12, 2011 |
8912224 |
|
|
14537218 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 9/0019 20130101;
A61P 9/12 20180101; C07D 417/12 20130101; C07D 471/04 20130101;
A61P 9/00 20180101; C07D 487/04 20130101; A61P 13/12 20180101; A61K
47/10 20130101; A61P 9/10 20180101; C07D 417/14 20130101; C07D
471/10 20130101; C07D 513/04 20130101; C07F 9/65586 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C07D 417/14 20060101
C07D417/14; C07D 487/04 20060101 C07D487/04; C07D 471/10 20060101
C07D471/10; C07F 9/6558 20060101 C07F009/6558; C07D 417/12 20060101
C07D417/12; C07D 471/04 20060101 C07D471/04 |
Claims
1-22. (canceled)
23. A compound of the formula IVa or of the formula VI, in any of
its stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in
any ratio, or a salt thereof, ##STR00040## wherein R50 is
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; Ar is selected from the series consisting
of phenyl and a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic
heterocycle, which are all unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents R1, wherein the
heterocycle comprises 1 or 2 identical or different ring
heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen
and sulfur and is bonded via a ring carbon atom; R1 is selected
from the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, phenyl,
Het1, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--,
phenyl-O--, Het1-O-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, and
two groups R1 bonded to adjacent ring carbon atoms in Ar, together
with the carbon atoms carrying them, can form a 5-membered to
7-membered mono-unsaturated ring which comprises 0, 1 or 2
identical or different ring heteroatoms selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R3 is selected from the series consisting
of hydrogen, halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--; R4 is hydrogen or one or more
identical or different substituents selected from the series
consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--; Het1 is a 5-membered or 6-membered
monocyclic aromatic heterocycle comprising 1 or 2 identical or
different ring heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of
nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, which is unsubstituted or substituted
by one or more identical or different substituents selected from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--; n is selected from the series
consisting of 0, 1 and 2, wherein all numbers n are independent of
one another; wherein all phenyl groups, unless specified otherwise,
are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or
different substituents selected from the series consisting of
halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and --O--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl;
wherein all cycloalkyl groups, independently of any other
substituents which can be present on a cycloalkyl group, can be
substituted by one or more identical substituents selected from the
series consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein
all alkyl groups, independently of any other substituents which can
be present on an alkyl group, can be substituted by one or more
fluorine substituents.
24. A compound of the formula IVa or of the formula VI, in any of
its stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in
any ratio, or a salt thereof, according to claim 23, wherein Ar is
selected from the series consisting of phenyl, thiophenyl,
pyridinyl and pyrazinyl, which are all unsubstituted or substituted
by one or more identical or different substituents R1; R1 is
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--; R3 is selected from the
series consisting of hydrogen, halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl;
R4 is hydrogen or one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; n is selected from the series consisting
of 0, 1 and 2, wherein all numbers n are independent of one
another; wherein all cycloalkyl groups, independently of any other
substituents which can be present on a cycloalkyl group, can be
substituted by one or more identical substituents selected from the
series consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein
all alkyl groups, independently of any other substituents which can
be present on an alkyl group, can be substituted by one or more
fluorine substituents.
25. A compound of the formula IVa or of the formula VI, in any of
its stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in
any ratio, or a salt thereof, according to claim 23, wherein Ar is
selected from the series consisting of phenyl, thiophenyl,
pyridinyl and pyrazinyl, which are all unsubstituted or substituted
by one or more identical or different substituents R1; R1 is
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--; R3
is selected from the series consisting of hydrogen, halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R4 is hydrogen or one or more identical or
different substituents selected from the series consisting of
halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein all alkyl groups,
independently of any other substituents which can be present on an
alkyl group, can be substituted by one or more fluorine
substituents.
26. A compound of the formula IVa or of the formula VI, in any of
its stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in
any ratio, or a salt thereof, according to claim 23, which is a
compound of the formula IVe or of the formula VIa. ##STR00041##
27. A compound of the formula IVa or of the formula VI, in any of
its stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in
any ratio, or a salt thereof, according to claim 23, which is a
compound of the formula IVe or of the formula VIa, ##STR00042##
wherein R50 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; Ar is phenyl which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R1; R1 is selected from the series consisting of
halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--; R3 is selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen, halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R4 is
hydrogen or one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein all alkyl groups, independently of
any other substituents which can be present on an alkyl group, can
be substituted by one or more fluorine substituents.
28. A compound of the formula IVa, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, or a salt
thereof, according to claim 23. ##STR00043##
29. A compound of the formula VI, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, or a salt
thereof, according to claim 23. ##STR00044##
30. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, or a-salt
thereof, which is selected from the series consisting of:
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester; 2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
4-Chloro-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-4-trifluoromethyl-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-[2-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carbox-
ylic acid methyl ester;
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-[2-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-[2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-(2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-(2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-[2-(6-Methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-[2-(3-Isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl
ester; 2-((S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester;
2-[2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester;
2-(7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester; and
2-(3-Methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester.
31. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, or a salt
thereof, which is selected from the series consisting of:
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid;
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid;
4-Chloro-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid;
4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid;
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-4-trifluoromethyl-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid;
2-[2-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid;
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid;
2-[2-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid;
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 2-[2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 2-(2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid;
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid;
2-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 2-(2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid;
2-[2-(3-Isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid;
2-((S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid;
2-[2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; 2-(7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid; and
2-(3-Methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid.
32. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, which is
2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester.
33. A compound according to claim 23, which is
2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester.
34. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, which is
2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester.
35. A compound according to claim 23, which is
2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl
ester.
36. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, which is
2-[2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester.
37. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, which is
2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid, or a salt
thereof.
38. A compound according to claim 23, which is
2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid, or a
salt thereof.
39. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, which is
2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid, or a salt
thereof.
40. A compound according to claim 23, which is
2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid, or a
salt thereof.
41. A compound according to claim 23, in any of its stereoisomeric
forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, which is
2-[2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid, or a salt thereof.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to substituted
2-(chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazoles of the formula I,
##STR00002##
in which Ar, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined below. The compounds of
the formula I are inhibitors of the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX),
especially of the sodium-calcium exchanger of subtype 1 (NCX1), and
are suitable for the treatment of diverse disorders in which
intracellular calcium homeostasis is disturbed, such as
arrhythmias, heart failure and stroke. The invention furthermore
relates to processes for the preparation of the compounds of the
formula I, their use as pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutical
compositions comprising them.
[0002] Over the last decade major pharmacologic advances have been
realized in the management of heart failure (HF), or congestive
heart failure (CHF). Beta-blockers and inhibitors of the
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system have been found to have a
favorable effect in CHF with regard to mortality and improvement of
symptoms (K. Dickstein et al., Eur. J. Heart Fail. 10 (2008):
933-989). Nevertheless, morbidity and mortality have remained
unacceptably high. The number of patients with CHF, and in
particular more severe forms of CHF, is even growing, in part
paradoxically because of the success of these treatment approaches.
Thus, there is still a need for agents that can help improve CHF
outcome and enhance quality of life. Blockers of the sodium-calcium
exchanger (NCX), a transport protein which is involved in the
regulation of cellular calcium and sodium levels, have the
potential to improve the prognosis of CHF and quality of life.
[0003] The function of the NCX is to extrude calcium in
cardiomyocytes and other cell types such as neurons. In CHF, the
NCX was shown to be upregulated, thus unloading the cell from
calcium and further decreasing myocardial contractility (M. Flesch
et al., Circulation 94 (1996): 992-1002; G. Hasenfuss et al.,
Circulation 99 (1999): 641-648). Pump failure in CHF is not only
due to irreversible structural changes and loss of myocardium, but
also due to adverse functional changes including a disturbance of
the intracellular calcium homeostasis. The latter can be treated by
inhibition of the NCX. Three subtypes of the NCX have been
described. In the heart, predominantly subtype 1 is expressed.
[0004] Through the NCX, calcium is exchanged for sodium, and
extracellular sodium is the driving force for the exchanger. The
stoichiometry of the exchanger is that three sodium ions enter the
cell for the extrusion of one calcium ion. This stoichiometry
causes a positive inward current which is depolarizing in nature.
The depolarizing current, if of a sufficient size, gives rise to a
certain type of arrhythmias which is called delayed
afterdepolarizations (DADs) (D. M. Bers et al., Ann. N. Y. Acad.
Sci. 1080 (2006): 165-177; K. R. Sipido et al., Pflugers Arch. 430
(1995): 871-878; A. O. Verkerk et al., Circulation 104 (2001):
2728-2733). This type of arrhythmias is also called triggered
activity. The premature beats arising from the NCX-induced
depolarizing currents can cause more complex and irreversible
arrhythmias such as episodes of tachycardia, ventricular flutter or
ventricular fibrillation.
[0005] Patients with pump failure, or heart failure, typically
suffer from arrhythmias and arrhythmic death. About 50% of the
mortality in CHF is due to arrhythmic death. NCX blockade is
therefore a means of improving pump failure and associated symptoms
as well as of reducing arrhythmic death. Current positive inotropic
drugs are associated with proarrhythmic effects that either
increase mortality, such as in the case of phosphodiesterase
inhibitors, or annihilate the positive effects achieved by an
improvement of pump failure by the positive inotropic effect (J. T.
Parissis et al., Curr. Opin. Crit. Care 16 (2010): 432-441). On the
other hand, a number of clinically useful antiarrhythmic drugs have
a negative inotropic effect on the heart worsening the symptoms of
heart failure. NCX blockers are therapeutically unique in that they
can address the two major problems of CHF, pump failure and
arrhythmias.
[0006] NCX blockade is particularly interesting for advanced stages
of CHF, like NYHA Classes III and IV according to the New York
Heart Association Functional Classification of heart failure, in
which the therapeutic options, i.e. beta-blockers, inhibitors of
the renin angiotensin-aldosterone system, diuretics and
vasodilators, already are fully exploited. Elderly patients
progressing to end-stage HF present a new emerging population. In
this late stage a vasodilator effect is no more desirable in a
considerable part of the patients because blood pressure is already
lowered as a consequence of pump failure. Phosphodiesterase
inhibitors as positive inotropic drugs not only suffer from the
drawback of being proarrhythmic, but also from a vasodilator
effect.
[0007] Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia. AF
affects about 6.8 million patients in the US and the European
Union, and its prevalence is strongly rising because of the aging
of the population and of the successful treatment of myocardial
infarction, coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure.
AF causes about 25% of all strokes, and increases mortality. Also
in AF, upregulation of the NCX has been demonstrated (U. Schotten
et al., Cardiovasc. Res. 53 (2002): 192-201). Upregulation of the
NCX can be involved in the induction of AF by the arrhythmogenic
activity of the NCX and in its maintenance, and hence NCX blockers
have therapeutically favorable effects in the therapy and
prevention of AF. Since AF is an increasing disease in the aging
population and is frequently associated with heart failure in up to
about 45% of patients (I. Savelieva et al., Europace. 5 Suppl 1
(2004): S5-S19), NCX blockers would be particularly favorable in
patients with AF and CHF.
[0008] Since NCX blockers also exert a positive inotropic effect in
the atria, they may be particularly favorable in diastolic heart
failure where ventricular filling is the major problem as a
consequence of ventricular stiffening. A more vigorous atrial
contraction would improve ventricular filling in diastolic heart
failure.
[0009] Since a reduced cardiac output has deleterious effects on
the perfusion of organs such as the kidney, brain and heart,
inhibition of the NCX, which increases the contractility of the
heart, is able to improve perfusion of the brain, heart and kidney
for a therapy or prevention of stroke, dementia and Alzheimer's
disease, renal failure and cardiac ischemia. Since the NCX is also
involved in salt sensitive hypertension, its inhibition is also
suited for the treatment of hypertension.
[0010] Inhibitors of the NCX are also suited for the therapy and
prevention of life threatening conditions in which ionotropic
support is required to maintain a sufficient level of blood supply.
This includes all forms of shock, hemodynamic shock, cardiogenic
shock and septic shock. Inhibitors of the NCX are particularly
suited to treat these conditions because they are neutral on heart
rate and lack the proarrhythmic or vasodilator or vasoconstrictor
properties of other inotropic drugs.
[0011] In stroke, NCX blockers have the potential of improving the
outcome since in neuronal hypoxia, as occurs in stroke, the NCX
reverses its transport direction to reverse mode, and loads the
cells with calcium leading to a calcium overload. This leads to
accelerated cell death due to excessive intracellular calcium
concentrations. Moreover, a low cardiac output can lead to brain
ischemia favoring stroke. NCX-blockers will increase cardiac output
and raise brain perfusion. Hence, NCX-blockers have a potential in
the therapy and prevention of stroke (T. Matsuda et al., J.
Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 298 (2001): 249-2569.
[0012] Certain compounds capable of inhibiting the NCX have already
been described, e.g. in EP 0978506, JP 2008/189592, WO 2004/000813,
WO 2004/063191, WO 03/006452, WO 02/32883, WO 97/09306. However,
there still is a need for further compounds which inhibit the NCX
and are suitable for use as pharmaceuticals in the treatment of the
mentioned disease states. It has now been found that the compounds
of the formula I are excellent inhibitors of the sodium-calcium
exchanger (NCX), especially of the sodium-calcium exchanger of
subtype 1 (NCX1), and have a favorable property profile for such
use.
[0013] Thus, a subject of the present invention are the compounds
of the formula I, in any of their stereoisomeric forms and mixtures
of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, and the pharmaceutically
acceptable salts thereof,
##STR00003##
wherein Ar is selected from the series consisting of phenyl and a
5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocycle, which are
all unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or
different substituents R1, wherein the heterocycle comprises 1 or 2
identical or different ring heteroatoms selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur and is bonded via a ring
carbon atom; R1 is selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, phenyl,
Het1, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--,
phenyl-O--, Het1-O-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, and
two groups R1 bonded to adjacent ring carbon atoms in Ar, together
with the carbon atoms carrying them, can form a 5-membered to
7-membered mono-unsaturated ring which comprises 0, 1 or 2
identical or different ring heteroatoms selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R2 is selected from the series consisting
of R5-N(R6)-C(O)--, R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2--
and R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--; R3 is selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen, halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--; R4 is hydrogen or one or more
identical or different substituents selected from the series
consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--; R5 and R6 are independently of one
another selected from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl, phenyl, Het1 and Het2, wherein
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R11, or the groups R5 and R6, together
with the nitrogen atom carrying them, form a 4-membered to
10-membered, monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated or partially
unsaturated heterocycle which, in addition to the nitrogen atom
carrying R5 and R6, comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur,
and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R12; R7 is selected from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, phenyl, Het2 and Het3, wherein
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2 all
are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or
different substituents R10, and phenyl and Het3 all are
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R13; R10 is selected from the series consisting of
R14, fluorine, HO--, oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)--, R19-O--C(O)-- and
R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2--; R11 and R12 are independently of one
another selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R14, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)--, R19-O--C(O)-- and
R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2--; R13 is selected from the series consisting
of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and R16-N(R17)-, and two substituents
R13 bonded to adjacent ring carbon atoms in R7, together with the
carbon atoms carrying them, can form a 5-membered to 7-membered
mono-unsaturated ring which comprises 0, 1 or 2 identical or
different ring heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of
nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is unsubstituted or
substituted by one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R14 is a 3-membered to 10-membered,
monocyclic or bicyclic ring which is saturated, partially
unsaturated or aromatic and comprises 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 identical or
different ring heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of
nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is unsubstituted or
substituted by one or more identical or different substituents R20;
R15 and R18 are independently of one another selected from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
phenyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl- and Het1-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-;
R16 and R17 are independently of one another selected from the
series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
phenyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl- and Het1-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
or the groups R16 and R17, together with the nitrogen atom carrying
them, form a 4-membered to 7-membered, monocyclic saturated
heterocycle which, in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R16
and R17, comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom selected from the
series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R19 is selected from the series consisting
of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
phenyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl- and Het1-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-;
R20 is selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R18-O--C(O)--N(R17)-, NC--, R18-C(O)--,
R16-N(R17)-C(O)--, R19-O--C(O)-- and R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2--; Het1
is a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocycle
comprising 1 or 2 identical or different ring heteroatoms selected
from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--; Het2 is a
4-membered to 10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated or
partially unsaturated heterocycle comprising 1 or 2 identical or
different ring heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of
nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; Het3 is a 5-membered to 10-membered
monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocycle comprising 1 or 2
identical or different ring heteroatoms selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; n is selected from the
series consisting of 0, 1 and 2, wherein all numbers n are
independent of one another; wherein all phenyl groups, unless
specified otherwise, are unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents selected from the series
consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
--O--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein all cycloalkyl and
bicycloalkyl groups, independently of any other substituents which
can be present on a cycloalkyl or bicycloalkyl group, can be
substituted by one or more identical substituents selected from the
series consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein
all alkyl groups, independently of any other substituents which can
be present on an alkyl group, can be substituted by one or more
fluorine substituents.
[0014] The groups R2 and R3 in the compounds of the formula I and
all other compounds in which the groups R2 and R3 occur and in the
respective formulae are not bonded to a specific ring atom, can be
bonded to any of the two carbons atom of the thiazole ring system
depicted in formula I which have a free binding site, i.e. to the
carbon atoms in ring positions 4 and 5 of the thiazole ring system,
as is indicated by the bonds originating at R2 and R3 which are not
directed to a specific carbon atom. One of the groups R2 and R3 is
bonded to the carbon atom in ring position 4 of the thiazole ring
system, and the other of the groups R2 and R3 is bonded to the
carbon atom in ring position 5 of the thiazole ring system. This
applies accordingly to other groups in compounds referred to herein
whose binding position is not fixed in their formulae, such as the
group Y in the compounds of the formulae III and IV, for
example.
##STR00004##
[0015] Likewise, groups R4 in the compounds of the formula I and
all other compounds in which groups R4 occur, which are different
from hydrogen, can be bonded to any carbon atoms of the chroman
ring system depicted in formula I which have a free binding site,
i.e. to carbon atoms in ring positions 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 of the
chroman ring system, as is indicated by the bond originating at R4
which is not directed to a specific carbon atom of the chroman
ring. In all free bonding sites of the carbons atom in ring
positions 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 of the chroman ring system which are
not occupied by groups R4 different from hydrogen, hydrogen atoms
are present. I.e., if in a compound of the formula I no group R4 is
present which is different from hydrogen, the carbon atoms in ring
positions 2, 5, 7 and 8 of the chroman ring system carry one
hydrogen atom, and the carbon atoms in ring positions 3 and 4 of
the chroman ring system carry two hydrogen atoms. If substituents
R4 are present, i.e. atoms or groups representing R4 which are
different from hydrogen, one or more of the said hydrogen atoms are
replaced by the substituents R4.
[0016] If structural elements such as groups, substituents or
numbers, for example, can occur several times in the compounds of
the formula I, they are all independent of each other and can in
each case have any of the indicated meanings, and they can in each
case be identical to or different from any other such element. In a
dialkylamino group, for example, the alkyl groups can be identical
or different.
[0017] Alkyl groups, i.e. saturated hydrocarbon residues, can be
linear (straight-chain) or branched. This also applies if these
groups are substituted or are part of another group, for example an
alkyl-O-- group (alkyloxy group, alkoxy group) or an HO-substituted
alkyl group (HO-alkyl-, hydroxyalkyl group). Depending on the
respective definition, the number of carbon atoms in an alkyl group
can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, or 1, 2, 3 or 4, or 1, 2 or 3, or 1 or
2, or 1. Examples of alkyl are methyl, ethyl, propyl including
n-propyl and isopropyl, butyl including n-butyl, sec-butyl,
isobutyl and tert-butyl, pentyl including n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl,
isopentyl, neopentyl and tert-pentyl, and hexyl including n-hexyl,
3,3-dimethylbutyl and isohexyl. Examples of alkyl-O-- groups are
methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy,
tert-butoxy, n-pentoxy. Examples of alkyl-S(O).sub.n-- are
methylsulfanyl-(CH.sub.3--S--), methanesulfinyl-(CH.sub.3--S(O)--),
methanesulfonyl (CH.sub.3--S(O).sub.2--),
ethylsulfanyl-(CH.sub.3--CH.sub.2--S--),
ethanesulfinyl-(CH.sub.3--CH.sub.2--S(O)--), ethanesulfonyl
(CH.sub.3--CH.sub.2--S(O).sub.2--),
1-methylethylsulfanyl-((CH.sub.3).sub.2CH--S--),
1-methylethanesulfinyl-((CH.sub.3).sub.2CH--S(O)--),
1-methylethanesulfonyl ((CH.sub.3).sub.2CH--S(O).sub.2--). In one
embodiment of the invention, the number n is selected from the
series consisting of 0 and 2, wherein all numbers n are independent
of each other and can be identical or different. In another
embodiment the number n in any of its occurrences, independent of
its meaning in other occurrences, is 0. In another embodiment the
number n in any of its occurrences is, independent of its meaning
in other occurrences, 2.
[0018] A substituted alkyl group can be substituted in any
positions, provided that the respective compound is sufficiently
stable and is suitable as a pharmaceutical active compound. The
prerequisite that a specific group and a compound of the formula I
are sufficiently stable and suitable as a pharmaceutical active
compound, applies in general with respect to the definitions of all
groups in the compounds of the formula I. As examples of
substituted alkyl groups, specifically of
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl groups, for example, hydroxymethyl,
1-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 1-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxypropyl,
3-hydroxypropyl, 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl, 2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl,
1-hydroxybutyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 2-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl or
2-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl may be mentioned. An alkyl group which,
independently of any other substituents, can be substituted by one
or more fluorine substituents, can be unsubstituted by fluorine
substituents, i.e. not carry fluorine substituents, or substituted,
for example by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11 fluorine
substituents, or by 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 fluorine substituents, or by 1,
2 or 3 fluorine substituents, which can be located in any
positions. For example, in a fluoro-substituted alkyl group one or
more methyl groups can carry three fluorine substituents each and
be present as trifluoromethyl groups, and/or one or more methylene
groups (CH.sub.2) can carry two fluorine substituents each and be
present as difluoromethylene groups. The explanations with respect
to the substitution of a group by fluorine also apply if the group
additionally carries other substituents and/or is part of another
group, for example of an alkyl-O-- group. Examples of
fluoro-substituted alkyl groups are trifluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl,
1-fluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl,
pentafluoroethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl,
2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl, 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl and
heptafluoroisopropyl. Examples of fluoro-substituted alkyl-O--
groups are trifluoromethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy,
pentafluoroethoxy and 3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy. Examples of
fluoro-substituted alkyl-S(O).sub.n-- groups are
trifluoromethylsulfanyl-(CF.sub.3--S--),
trifluoromethanesulfinyl-(CF.sub.3--S(O)--) and
trifluoromethanesulfonyl (CF.sub.3--S(O).sub.2--). With respect to
all groups or substituents in the compounds of the formula I which
can be an alkyl group which can generally contain one or more
fluorine substituents, as an example of groups or substituents
containing fluorine-substituted alkyl which may be included in the
definition of the group or substituent, the group CF.sub.3
(trifluoromethyl), or respective groups such as CF.sub.3--O-- or
CF.sub.3--S--, may be mentioned.
[0019] The above explanations with respect to alkyl groups apply
correspondingly to alkyl groups which in the definition of a group
in the compounds of the formula I are bonded to two adjacent
groups, or linked to two groups, and may be regarded as divalent
alkyl groups (alkanediyl groups), like in the case of the alkyl
part of a substituted alkyl group. Thus, such groups can also be
linear or branched, the bonds to the adjacent groups can be located
in any positions and can start from the same carbon atom or from
different carbon atoms, and they can be unsubstituted or
substituted by fluorine substituents independently of any other
substituents. Examples of such divalent alkyl groups are
--CH.sub.2--, --CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--,
--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--,
--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--, --CH(CH.sub.3)--,
--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2--, --CH(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2--,
--CH.sub.2--CH(CH.sub.3)--, --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2--CH.sub.2--,
--CH.sub.2--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2--. Examples of fluoro-substituted
alkanediyl groups, which can contain 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 fluorine
substituents, for example, are --CHF--, --CF.sub.2--,
--CF.sub.2--CH.sub.2--, --CH.sub.2--CF.sub.2--,
--CF.sub.2--CF.sub.2--, --CF(CH.sub.3)--, --C(CF.sub.3).sub.2--,
--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2--CF.sub.2--,
--CF.sub.2--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2--.
[0020] The number of ring carbon atoms in a
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl group can be 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. Examples
of cycloalkyl are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl
and cycloheptyl. The number of ring carbon atoms in a
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl group can be 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10. The
two cycles in a bicycloalkyl group can have one, two to more ring
carbon atoms in common and can be fused or form a bridged bicycle
or a spirocycle. Examples of bicycloalkyl are bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl,
bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[3.1.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl,
bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, bicyclo[3.2.2]nonyl and bicyclo[4,4.0]decyl.
Bicycloalkyl groups can be bonded via any ring carbon atom.
Cycloalkyl and bicycloalkyl groups which, independently of any
other substituents, can be substituted by one or more
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl substituents, can be unsubstituted by alkyl
substituents, i.e. not carry alkyl substituents, or substituted,
for example by 1, 2, 3 or 4 identical or different
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl substituents, for example by methyl groups,
which substituents can be located in any positions. Examples of
such alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl groups and bicycloalkyl groups
are 1-methylcyclopropyl, 2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl,
1-methylcyclopentyl, 2,3-dimethylcyclopentyl, 1-methylcyclohexyl,
4-methylcyclohexyl, 4-isopropylcyclohexyl, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl,
3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl, 7,7-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl,
6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptyl and
1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl. Cycloalkyl groups and
bicycloalkyl groups which, independently of any other substituents,
can be substituted by one or more fluorine substituents, can be
unsubstituted by fluorine substituents, i.e. not carry fluorine
substituents, or substituted, for example by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10 or 11 fluorine substituents, or by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6
fluorine substituents, or by 1, 2 or 3 fluorine substituents. The
fluorine substituents can be located in any positions of the
cycloalkyl group or bicycloalkyl groups and can also be located in
an alkyl substituent. Examples of fluoro-substituted cycloalkyl
groups and bicyloalkyl groups are 1-fluorocyclopropyl,
2,2-difluorocyclopropyl, 3,3-difluorocyclobutyl,
1-fluorocyclohexyl, 4,4-difluorocyclohexyl,
3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclohexyl, 1-fluorobicyclo[2.2.2]octyl and
1,4-difluorobicyclo[2.2.2]octyl. Cycloalkyl groups can also be
substituted simultaneously by fluorine and alkyl. Examples of the
group (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl- are
cyclopropylmethyl-, cyclobutylmethyl-, cyclopentylmethyl-,
cyclohexylmethyl-, cycloheptylmethyl-, 1-cyclopropylethyl-,
2-cyclopropylethyl-, 1-cyclobutylethyl-, 2-cyclobutylethyl-,
1-cyclopentylethyl-, 2-cyclopentylethyl-, 1-cyclohexylethyl-,
2-cyclohexylethyl-, 1-cycloheptylethyl-, 2-cycloheptylethyl-. In
one embodiment of the invention, a
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-group in any
one or more occurrences of such a group, independently of any other
occurrences, is a
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.2)-alkyl-group, in
another embodiment a (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-CH.sub.2-- group.
In the group (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
and likewise in all other groups, the terminal hyphen denotes the
free bond via the group is bonded, and thus indicates via which
subgroup a group composed of subgroups is bonded.
[0021] In substituted phenyl groups, including phenyl groups
representing Ar and R14, the substituents can be located in any
positions. In monosubstituted phenyl groups, the substituent can be
located in position 2, in position 3 or in position 4. In
disubstituted phenyl groups, the substituents can be located in
positions 2 and 3, in positions 2 and 4, in positions 2 and 5, in
positions 2 and 6, in positions 3 and 4, or in positions 3 and 5.
In trisubstituted phenyl groups, the substituents can be located in
positions 2, 3 and 4, in positions 2, 3 and 5, in positions 2, 3
and 6, in positions 2, 4 and 5, in positions 2, 4 and 6, or in
positions 3, 4 and 5. If a phenyl group carries four substituents,
some of which can be fluorine atoms, for example, the substituents
can be located in positions 2, 3, 4 and 5, in positions 2, 3, 4 and
6, or in positions 2, 3, 5 and 6. If a polysubstituted phenyl group
or any other polysubstituted group carries different substituents,
each substituent can be located in any suitable position, and the
present invention comprises all positional isomers. The number of
substituents in a substituted phenyl group can be 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.
In one embodiment of the invention, the number of substituents in a
substituted phenyl group, like the number of substituents in any
other substituted group which can carry one or more substituents,
is 1, 2, 3 or 4, in another embodiment 1, 2 or 3, in another
embodiment 1 or 2, in another embodiment 1, where the number of
substituents in any occurrence of such a substituted group is
independent of the number of substituents in other occurrences.
[0022] In heterocyclic groups, including the groups Het1, Het2 and
Het3, heterocycles representing Ar and R14 and other heterocyclic
rings which can be present in the compounds of the formula I, such
as rings formed by two group together with the atom or atoms
carrying them, the hetero ring members can be present in any
combination and located in any suitable ring positions, provided
that the resulting group and the compound of the formula I are
suitable and sufficiently stable as a pharmaceutical active
compound. In one embodiment of the invention, two oxygen atoms in
any heterocyclic ring in the compounds of the formula I cannot be
present in adjacent ring positions. In another embodiment of the
invention, two hetero ring members selected from the series
consisting of oxygen atoms and sulfur atoms cannot be present in
adjacent ring positions in any heterocyclic ring in the compounds
of the formula I. In another embodiment of the invention, two
hetero ring members selected from the series consisting of nitrogen
atoms carrying an exocyclic group like a hydrogen atom or a
substituent, sulfur atoms and oxygen atoms cannot be present in
adjacent ring positions in any heterocyclic ring in the compounds
of the formula I. In an aromatic heterocyclic ring the choice of
hetero ring members is limited by the prerequisite that the ring is
aromatic, i.e. it comprises a cyclic system of six delocalized pi
electrons. Monocyclic aromatic heterocycles are 5-membered or
6-membered rings and, in the case of a 5-membered ring, comprise
one ring heteroatom selected from the series consisting of oxygen,
sulfur and nitrogen, wherein this ring nitrogen carries an
exocyclic group like a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and
optionally one or more further ring nitrogen atoms, and, in the
case of a 6-membered ring, comprise one or more nitrogen atoms as
ring heteroatoms, but no oxygen atoms and sulfur atoms as ring
heteroatoms. Unless specified otherwise in the definition of the
group, heterocyclic groups can be bonded via any suitable ring
atom, i.e. any ring atom which carries a hydrogen atom or a
substituent, including ring carbon atoms and ring nitrogen atoms.
In one embodiment of the invention, any of the heterocyclic groups
occurring in the compounds of the formula I in any of its
occurrences, is independently of its other occurrences and
independently of any other heterocyclic group, bonded via a ring
carbon atom, and in another embodiment via a ring nitrogen atom, if
applicable. In substituted heterocyclic groups, the substituents
can be located in any positions.
[0023] The number of ring heteroatoms which can be present in a
heterocyclic group in the compounds of the formula I, the number of
cycles, i.e. whether the heterocyclic group can be monocyclic
and/or bicyclic, the number of ring members which can be present,
and the degree of saturation, i.e. whether the heterocyclic group
is saturated and does not contain a double bond within the ring, or
whether it is partially unsaturated and contains one or more, for
example one or two, double bonds within the ring but is not
aromatic, or whether it is aromatic and thus contains two double
bonds within the ring in the case of a 5-membered monocyclic
aromatic heterocycle, three double bonds within the ring in the
case of a 6-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocycle, four double
bonds within the ring in the case of 9-membered bicyclic aromatic
heterocycle, and five double bonds within the ring in the case of
10-membered aromatic heterocycle, is specified in the definitions
of the individual groups in the compounds of the formula I. The two
cycles in a bicyclic heterocyclic group can have one, two or more
ring atoms in common and can be fused or form a bridged bicycle or
a spirocycle. As examples of heterocyclic ring systems, from which
heterocyclic groups in the compounds of the formula I can be
derived, and from any one or more of which any of the heterocyclic
groups in the compounds of the formula I is selected in one
embodiment of the invention, provided that the ring system is
comprised by the definition of the group, oxetane, thietane,
azetidine, furan, tetrahydrofuran, thiophene, tetrahydrothiophene,
pyrrole, pyrroline, pyrrolidine, 1,3-dioxole, 1,3-dioxolane,
isoxazole ([1,2]oxazole), isoxazoline, isoxazolidine, oxazole
([1,3]oxazole), oxazoline, oxazolidine, isothiazole
([1,2]thiazole), isothiazoline, isothiazolidine, thiazole
([1,3]thiazole), thiazoline, thiazolidine, pyrazole, pyrazoline,
pyrazolidine, imidazole, imidazoline, imidazolidine,
[1,2,3]triazole, [1,2,4]triazole, [1,2,4]oxadiazole,
[1,3,4]oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, [1,2,4]thiadiazole,
1H-tetrazole, pyran, tetrahydropyran, thiopyran,
tetrahydrothiopyran, 2,3-dihydro[1,4]dioxine, 1,4-dioxane,
pyridine, 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine, piperidine, morpholine,
thiomorpholine, piperazine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine,
[1,2,4]triazine, oxepane, thiepane, azepane, [1,3]diazepane,
[1,4]diazepane, [1,4]oxazepane, [1,4]thiazepanel, azocane,
3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, octahydrocyclopenta[b]pyrrole,
octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole, 2-azaspiro[4.4]nonane,
7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane,
octahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole,
6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazole,
imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole, 6,7-dihydro-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine,
benzofuran, isobenzofuran, benzothiophene (benzo[b]thiophene),
1H-indole, 2,3-dihydro-1H-indole, octahydroindole, 2H-isoindole,
octahydroisoindole, benzo[1,3]dioxole, benzoxazole, benzthiazole,
1H-benzimidazole, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine,
[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine, chroman, isochroman, thiochroman,
benzo[1,4]dioxane, 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazine,
3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]thiazine, 2-azaspiro[4.5]decane,
3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, quinoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline,
5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline, isoquinoline,
1,2,3,4,-tetrahydroisoquinoline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline,
2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane, 2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane, cinnoline,
quinazoline, quinoxaline, phthalazine and [1,8]naphthyridine may be
mentioned, which can all be unsubstituted or substituted in any
suitable positions as specified in the definition of the respective
group in the compounds of the formula I, wherein the given degree
of unsaturation in by way of example only, and in the individual
groups also ring systems with a higher or lower degree of
saturation, or hydrogenation, or of unsaturation can be present as
specified in the definition of the group.
[0024] As mentioned, the heterocyclic groups can be bonded via any
suitable ring atom. For example, among others can an oxetane and a
thietane ring be bonded via positions 2 and 3, an azetidine ring
via positions 1, 2 and 3, a furan ring, a tetrahydrofuran ring, a
thiophene ring and a tetrahydrothiophene via positions 2 and 3, a
pyrrole ring and a pyrrolidine ring via positions 1,2 and 3, an
isoxazole ring and an isothiazole ring via positions 3, 4 and 5, a
pyrazole ring via positions 1, 3, 4 and 5, an oxazole ring and a
thiazole ring via positions 2, 4 and 5, an imidazole ring and an
imidazolidine ring via positions 1, 2, 4 and 5, a 1H-tetrazole ring
via positions 1 and 3, a tetrahydropyran and a tetrahydrothiopyran
ring via positions 2, 3 and 4, a 1,4-dioxane ring via position 2, a
pyridine ring via positions 2, 3 and 4, a piperidine ring via
positions 1, 2, 3 and 4, a morpholine ring and a thiomorpholine
ring via positions 2, 3 and 4, a piperazine ring via positions 1
and 2, a pyrimidine ring via positions 2, 4 and 5, a pyrazine ring
via position 2, an azepane ring via positions 1, 2, 3 and 4, a
3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane ring via positions 3 and 6, an
octahydrocyclopenta[b]pyrrole and an octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole
ring via position 1, a 2-azaspiro[4.4]nonane ring via position 2, a
7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane ring via position 7, an
octahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole ring via positions 1 and 5, a
6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazole ring via position 3,
an imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole ring via positions 2, 5 and 6, a
6,7-dihydro-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine via position 3, a
benzofuran ring and a benzothiophene ring via positions 2, 3, 4, 5,
6 and 7, a 1H-indole ring, a 2,3-dihydro-1H-indole and an
octahydroindole ring via positions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, a
benzo[1,3]dioxole ring via positions 4, 5, 6 and 7, a benzoxazole
ring and a benzthiazole ring via positions 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, a
1H-benzimidazole ring via positions 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, an
imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring via positions 2 and 3, a
[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine ring via position 3, a
benzo[1,4]dioxane ring via positions 5, 6, 7 and 8, a
3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane ring via position 3, a quinoline ring via
positions 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline
ring via positions 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline
via positions 2, 3 and 4, an isoquinoline ring via positions 1, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline ring via
positions 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline ring
via positions 1, 3, 4 and 5, a 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane ring via
positions 2 and 7, a 2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane ring via positions 2
and 8, for example, wherein the resulting residues of the
heterocyclic groups can all be unsubstituted or substituted in any
suitable positions as specified in the definition of the respective
group in the compounds of the formula I.
[0025] Halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. In one
embodiment of the invention, in any of its occurrences halogen is
fluorine, chlorine or bromine, in another embodiment fluorine or
chlorine, in another embodiment fluorine, in another embodiment
chorine, where all occurrences of halogen are independent of each
other.
[0026] An oxo group, i.e. a doubly bonded oxygen atom, when bonded
to a carbon atom, replaces two hydrogen atoms on a carbon atom of
the parent system. Thus, if a CH.sub.2 group is substituted by oxo,
it becomes a carbonyl group (C(O), C.dbd.O). Oxo groups can also
occur on sulfur atoms, such as on ring sulfur atoms in saturated
and partially unsaturated heterocycles in which generally, besides
a ring sulfur atom, also an S(O) group (S(.dbd.O)) and an
S(O).sub.2 group (S(.dbd.O).sub.2) can be present as hetero ring
members. An oxo group cannot occur as a substituent on a carbon
atom in an aromatic ring such as in a phenyl group.
[0027] The present invention comprises all stereoisomeric forms of
the compounds of the formula I, for example all enantiomers and
diastereomers including cis/trans isomers. The invention likewise
comprises mixtures of two or more stereoisomeric forms, for example
mixtures of enantiomers and/or diastereomers including cis/trans
isomers, in all ratios. Asymmetric centers contained in the
compounds of the formula I, for example the carbon atom in position
2 of the chroman ring system or in unsubstituted or substituted
alkyl groups, can all independently of each other have S
configuration or R configuration. The invention relates to
enantiomers, both the levorotatory and the dextrorotatory antipode,
in enantiomerically pure form and essentially enantiomerically pure
form, for example with a molar ratio of the two enantiomers of
98:2, or 99:1, or greater, and in the form of their racemate, i.e.
a mixture of the two enantiomers in molar ratio of 1:1, and in the
form of mixtures of the two enantiomers in all ratios. The
invention likewise relates to diastereomers in the form of pure and
essentially pure diastereomers and in the form of mixtures of two
or more diastereomers in all ratios. The invention also comprises
all cis/trans isomers of the compounds of the formula I in pure
form and essentially pure form, for example with a molar ratio of
the cis/trans isomers of 98:2, or 99:1, or greater, and in the form
of mixtures of the cis isomer and the trans isomer in all ratios.
Cis/trans isomerism can occur in substituted rings. The preparation
of individual stereoisomers, if desired, can be carried out by
resolution of a mixture according to customary methods, for
example, by chromatography or crystallization, or by use of
stereochemically uniform starting compounds in the synthesis, or by
stereoselective reactions. Optionally, before a separation of
stereoisomers a derivatization can be carried out. The separation
of a mixture of stereoisomers can be carried out at the stage of
the compound of the formula I or at the stage of an intermediate in
the course of the synthesis. For example, in the case of a compound
of the formula I containing an asymmetric center the individual
enantiomers can be prepared by preparing the racemate of the
compound of the formula I and resolving it into the enantiomers by
high pressure liquid chromatography on a chiral phase according to
standard procedures, or resolving the racemate of any intermediate
in the course of its synthesis by such chromatography or by
crystallization of a salt thereof with an optically active amine or
acid and converting the enantiomers of the intermediate into the
enantiomeric forms of the final compound of the formula I, or by
performing an enantioselective reaction in the course of the
synthesis. The invention also comprises all tautomeric forms of the
compounds of the formula I.
[0028] If the compounds of the formula I comprise one or more
acidic or basic groups for example basic heterocyclic groups, the
corresponding physiologically or toxicologically acceptable salts
are also included in the invention, especially the pharmaceutically
acceptable salts. The compounds of the formula I may thus be
deprotonated on an acidic group and be used for example as alkali
metal salts, for example sodium or potassium salts, or as ammonium
salts, for example as salts with ammonia or organic amines or amino
acids. Compounds of the formula I comprising at least one basic
group may also be prepared and used in the form of their acid
addition salts, for example in the form of pharmaceutically
acceptable salts with inorganic acids and organic acids, such as
salts with hydrochloric acid and thus be present in the form of the
hydrochlorides, for example. Salts can in general be prepared from
acidic and basic compounds of the formula I by reaction with an
acid or base in a solvent or diluent according to customary
procedures. If the compounds of the formula I simultaneously
contain an acidic and a basic group in the molecule, the invention
also includes internal salts (betaines, zwitterions) in addition to
the salt forms mentioned. The present invention also comprises all
salts of the compounds of the formula I which, because of low
physiological tolerability, are not directly suitable for use as a
pharmaceutical, but are suitable as intermediates for chemical
reactions or for the preparation of physiologically acceptable
salts, for example by means of anion exchange or cation
exchange.
[0029] In one embodiment of the invention, an aromatic heterocycle
representing the group Ar comprises 1 or 2 identical or different
ring heteroatoms which are selected from the series consisting of
nitrogen and sulfur. In another embodiment, an aromatic heterocycle
representing Ar is a 5-membered heterocycle which comprises 1 or 2
identical or different ring heteroatoms which are selected from the
series consisting of nitrogen and sulfur, in another embodiment 1
ring heteroatom which is a sulfur atom, or it is a 6-membered
heterocycle which comprises 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms which are
nitrogen atoms. In another embodiment, an aromatic heterocycle
representing Ar is selected from the series consisting of
thiophene, thiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine and pyrazine,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of thiophene,
pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine and pyrazine, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of thiophene, pyridine,
pyrimidine and pyrazine, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of thiophene, pyridine and pyrazine, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of pyridine and pyrazine, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of thiophene and
pyridine, in another embodiment it is thiophene, and in another
embodiment is pyridine, which heterocycles are all unsubstituted or
substituted as indicated. In one embodiment of the invention, Ar is
phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more
identical or different substituents R1, in another embodiment Ar is
a 5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocycle which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R1. In one embodiment of the invention, the number of
substituents R1 which can be present in the group Ar is 1, 2 or 3,
in another embodiment it is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is
1.
[0030] The double bond which is present in the mono-unsaturated
ring which can be formed by two substituents R1 bonded to adjacent
ring carbon atoms in Ar together with the carbon atoms carrying
them, is present between the said two adjacent ring carbon in the
aromatic ring Ar which are common to the ring Ar and the ring
formed by the two groups R1, and because of the rules of
nomenclature for fused rings is regarded as a double bond present
in both rings. The case that two groups R1 bonded to adjacent
carbon atoms in Ar together with the carbon atoms carrying them
form a 5-membered to 7-membered mono-unsaturated ring, can in other
terms be regarded as two groups R1 together forming a divalent
residue comprising a chain of 3 to 5 atoms of which 0, 1 or 2 are
identical or different heteroatoms selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, the terminal atoms of
which, which are bonded to the two adjacent ring carbon atoms in
Ar, are separated from each other by 1 to 3 atoms. Examples of such
divalent residues, from any one or more of which two groups R1
bonded to adjacent ring carbon atoms in Ar are selected in one
embodiment of the invention, are the residues
--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--,
--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--,
--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--,
--O--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--,--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--O--,
--O--CH.sub.2--O--, --O--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--O--,
--O--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--O--,
--NH--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--O--, --O--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--NH--,
--S--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--NH-- and --NH--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--S--,
which can all be substituted on carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms by
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, for example fluorine and methyl, and can
thus also be present, for example, as the divalent residues
--O--CF.sub.2--O--, --O--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2--O--,
--N(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--O--,
--O--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--N(CH.sub.3)--,
--S--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--N(CH.sub.3)-- and
--N(CH.sub.3)--CH.sub.2--CH.sub.2--S--. In one embodiment of the
invention, the ring which can be formed by two groups R1 bonded to
adjacent ring carbon atoms in Ar together with the carbon atoms
carrying them, is a 5-membered or 6-membered, in another embodiment
a 5-membered, in another embodiment a 6-membered ring. In one
embodiment of the invention, the number of substituents selected
from the series consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
which can be present in a ring formed by two groups R1 bonded to
adjacent ring carbon atoms in Ar together with the carbon atoms
carrying them, is 1, 2 or 3, in another embodiment 1 or 2, in
another embodiment 1. In one embodiment of the invention,
substituents which can be present in a ring formed by two groups R1
bonded to adjacent ring carbon atoms in Ar together with the carbon
atoms carrying them, are fluorine substituents, and in another
embodiment they are (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl substituents, for
example methyl substituents, and in another embodiment are
substituents in such a ring bonded to a ring nitrogen atom selected
from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl.
[0031] In one embodiment of the invention, R1 is selected from the
series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of halogen, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, and in all these embodiment
two groups R1 bonded to adjacent carbon atoms in Ar, together with
the carbon atoms carrying them, can form a 5-membered to 7-membered
mono-unsaturated ring which comprises 0, 1 or 2 identical or
different ring heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of
nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is unsubstituted or
substituted by one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. In another embodiment, R1 is selected from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, phenyl,
Het1, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--,
phenyl-O--, Het1-O-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of halogen, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--. In one embodiment,
substituents R1 which are bonded to a ring nitrogen atom in Ar,
such as in the case of a pyrrole, pyrazole or imidazole ring
representing Ar, are selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, phenyl and
Het1, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl.
[0032] In one embodiment of the invention, a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl group which represents R1 or is present in
the groups (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n-- representing R1, is a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl group, in another embodiment a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.3)-alkyl group, in another embodiment a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.2)-alkyl group, in another embodiment a methyl
group. In one embodiment of the invention, a
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl group which represents R1 or is
present in R1, is a (C.sub.3-C.sub.6)-cycloalkyl group, in another
embodiment a (C.sub.3-C.sub.4)-cycloalkyl group, in another
embodiment a cyclopropyl group.
[0033] Examples of groups Ar including the optional substituents
R1, from any one or more of which Ar is selected in one embodiment
of the invention, are phenyl, i.e. unsubstituted phenyl,
thiophen-2-yl, thiophen-3-yl, pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl,
pyridin-4-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, 2-fluoro-phenyl, 3-fluoro-phenyl,
4-fluoro-phenyl, 2-chloro-phenyl, 3-chloro-phenyl, 4-chloro-phenyl,
2-methyl-phenyl (o-tolyl), 3-methyl-phenyl (m-tolyl),
4-methyl-phenyl (p-tolyl), 2-ethyl-phenyl, 3-ethyl-phenyl,
4-ethyl-phenyl, 2-methoxy-phenyl, 3-methoxy-phenyl,
4-methoxy-phenyl, 2-ethoxy-phenyl, 3-ethoxy-phenyl,
4-ethoxy-phenyl, 2-propoxy-phenyl, 3-propoxy-phenyl,
4-propoxy-phenyl, 2-isopropoxy-phenyl, 3-isopropoxy-phenyl,
4-isopropoxy-phenyl, 2,3-difluoro-phenyl, 2,4-difluoro-phenyl,
2,5-difluoro-phenyl, 2,6-difluoro-phenyl, 3,4-difluoro-phenyl,
3,5-difluoro-phenyl, 2,3-dichloro-phenyl, 2,4-dichloro-phenyl,
2,5-dichloro-phenyl, 2,6-dichloro-phenyl, 3,4-dichloro-phenyl,
3,5-dichloro-phenyl, 2-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl,
2-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 2-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl,
2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl,
3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl, 3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl,
4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl, 4-chloro-3-fluoro-phenyl,
5-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-phenyl, 2,4-dimethyl-phenyl,
2,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 2,6-dimethyl-phenyl, 3,4-dimethyl-phenyl,
3,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 2-fluoro-3-methyl-phenyl,
2-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl, 2-fluoro-5-methyl-phenyl,
2-fluoro-6-methyl-phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl,
3-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl, 3-fluoro-5-methyl-phenyl,
4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-methyl-phenyl,
5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl, 2-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl,
2-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl, 2-chloro-5-methyl-phenyl,
2-chloro-6-methyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl,
3-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl, 3-chloro-5-methyl-phenyl,
4-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl, 4-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl,
5-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl, 2-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl,
2-fluoro-4-methoxy-phenyl, 2-fluoro-5-methoxy-phenyl,
2-fluoro-6-methoxy-phenyl, 3-fluoro-2-methoxy-phenyl,
3-fluoro-4-methoxy-phenyl, 3-fluoro-5-methoxy-phenyl,
4-fluoro-2-methoxy-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl,
5-fluoro-2-methoxy-phenyl, 2-methoxy-3-methyl-phenyl,
2-methoxy-4-methyl-phenyl, 2-methoxy-5-methyl-phenyl,
2-methoxy-6-methyl-phenyl, 3-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl,
3-methoxy-4-methyl-phenyl, 3-methoxy-5-methyl-phenyl,
4-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl, 4-methoxy-3-methyl-phenyl,
5-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl, 3-fluoro-thiophen-2-yl,
4-fluoro-thiophen-2-yl, 5-fluoro-thiophen-2-yl,
2-fluoro-thiophen-3-yl, 4-fluoro-thiophen-3-yl,
5-fluoro-thiophen-3-yl, 3-chloro-thiophen-2-yl,
4-chloro-thiophen-2-yl, 5-chloro-thiophen-2-yl,
2-chloro-thiophen-3-yl, 4-chloro-thiophen-3-yl,
5-chloro-thiophen-3-yl, 3-methyl-thiophen-2-yl,
4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl, 5-methyl-thiophen-2-yl,
2-methyl-thiophen-3-yl, 4-methyl-thiophen-3-yl,
5-methyl-thiophen-3-yl, 3-fluoro-pyridin-2-yl,
4-fluoro-pyridin-2-yl, 5-fluoro-pyridin-2-yl,
6-fluoro-pyridin-2-yl, 2-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl,
4-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl, 5-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl,
6-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl, 2-fluoro-pyridin-4-yl,
3-fluoro-pyridin-4-yl, 3-chloro-pyridin-2-yl,
4-chloro-pyridin-2-yl, 5-chloro-pyridin-2-yl,
6-chloro-pyridin-2-yl, 2-chloro-pyridin-3-yl,
4-chloro-pyridin-3-yl, 5-chloro-pyridin-3-yl,
6-chloro-pyridin-3-yl, 2-chloro-pyridin-4-yl,
3-chloro-pyridin-4-yl, 3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl,
4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl, 5-methyl-pyridin-2-yl,
6-methyl-pyridin-2-yl, 2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl,
4-methyl-pyridin-3-yl, 5-methyl-pyridin-3-yl,
6-methyl-pyridin-3-yl, 2-methyl-pyridin-4-yl,
3-methyl-pyridin-4-yl, 3-methoxy-pyridin-2-yl,
4-methoxy-pyridin-2-yl, 5-methoxy-pyridin-2-yl,
6-methoxy-pyridin-2-yl, 2-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl,
4-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl, 5-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl,
6-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl, 2-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl,
3-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl.
[0034] In one embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is selected
from the series consisting of R5-N(R6)-C(O)-- and
R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, and in another embodiment from the series
consisting of R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2-- and
R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--. In another embodiment of the
invention, the group R2 is the group R5-N(R6)-C(O)--, and
respective compounds are designated as compounds of the formula Ia.
In another embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is the group
R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, and respective compounds are designated as
compounds of the formula Ib. In another embodiment of the
invention, the group R2 is the group R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2--, and
respective compounds are designated as compounds of the formula Ic.
In another embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is the group
R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--, and respective compounds are
designated as compounds of the formula Id.
##STR00005##
[0035] The groups Ar, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 in the compounds of the
formulae Ia, Ib, Ic and Id are defined as in the compounds of the
formula I.
[0036] In one embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded
in ring position 5 of the thiazole ring system and the group R3 is
bonded in position 4 of the thiazole ring system, and respective
compounds are designated as compounds of the formula Ie. In another
embodiment of the invention, the group R3 is bonded in ring
position 5 of the thiazole ring system and the group R2 is bonded
in position 4 of the thiazole ring system, and respective compounds
are designated as compounds of the formula If.
##STR00006##
[0037] The groups Ar, R2, R3 and R4 in the compounds of the
formulae Ie and If are defined as in the compounds of the formula
I.
[0038] In one embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded
in ring position 5 of the thiazole ring system and the group R3 is
bonded in position 4 of the thiazole ring system, and the group R2
is selected from the series consisting of R5-N(R6)-C(O)-- and
R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, and in another embodiment from the series
consisting of R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2-- and
R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--. In another embodiment of the
invention, the group R2 is bonded in ring position 4 of the
thiazole ring system and the group R3 is bonded in position 5 of
the thiazole ring system, and the group R2 is selected from the
series consisting of R5-N(R6)-C(O)-- and R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, and
in another embodiment from the series consisting of
R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2-- and R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--. In
another embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded in ring
position 5 of the thiazole ring system and is the group
R5-N(R6)-C(O)--, and the group R3 is bonded in ring position 4 of
the thiazole ring system, and respective compounds are designated
as compounds of the formula Ig. In another embodiment of the
invention, the group R2 is bonded in ring position 5 of the
thiazole ring system and is the group R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, and the
group R3 is bonded in ring position 4 of the thiazole ring system,
and respective compounds are designated as compounds of the formula
Ih. In another embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded
in ring position 5 of the thiazole ring system and is the group
R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2--, and the group R3 is bonded in ring
position 4 of the thiazole ring system, and respective compounds
are designated as compounds of the formula Ij. In another
embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded in ring
position 5 of the thiazole ring system and is the group
R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--, and the group R3 is bonded in ring
position 4 of the thiazole ring system, and respective compounds
are designated as compounds of the formula Ik. In another
embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded in ring
position 4 of the thiazole ring system and is the group
R5-N(R6)-C(O)--, and the group R3 is bonded in ring position 5 of
the thiazole ring system, and respective compounds are designated
as compounds of the formula Im. In another embodiment of the
invention, the group R2 is bonded in ring position 4 of the
thiazole ring system and is the group R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, and the
group R3 is bonded in ring position 5 of the thiazole ring system,
and respective compounds are designated as compounds of the formula
In. In another embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded
in ring position 4 of the thiazole ring system and is the group
R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2--, and the group R3 is bonded in ring
position 5 of the thiazole ring system, and respective compounds
are designated as compounds of the formula Io. In another
embodiment of the invention, the group R2 is bonded in ring
position 4 of the thiazole ring system and is the group
R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--, and the group R3 is bonded in ring
position 5 of the thiazole ring system, and respective compounds
are designated as compounds of the formula Ip.
##STR00007##
[0039] The groups Ar, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 in the compounds of the
formulae Ig, Ih, Ij, Ik, Im, In, Io and Ip are defined as in the
compounds of the formula I.
[0040] In one embodiment of the invention, the group R3 is selected
from the series consisting of hydrogen, halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and halogen, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and chlorine, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, and in another embodiment R3 is hydrogen.
In one embodiment of the invention, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl group
representing R3 or present in R3 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.2)-alkyl, in
another embodiment it is methyl, wherein alkyl groups including
methyl groups can also be substituted by one or more fluorine
substituents and, for example, trifluoromethyl groups be present,
as applies to alkyl groups in general.
[0041] As indicated above, in the free binding sites of the chroman
ring, i.e. binding sites in positions 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 of the
chroman ring system which are not occupied by bonds within the ring
or the bond to the group Ar, hydrogen atoms or substituents
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- can be
present which represent groups R4. In one embodiment of the
invention, in the free binding site in position 2 of the chroman
ring system, i.e. the free binding site of the ring carbon atom
which carries the group Ar, a hydrogen atom is present, and in the
free binding sites in positions 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 of the chroman
ring system hydrogen atoms or substituents selected from the series
consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- are present. In another embodiment of
the invention, in the free binding sites in positions 2, 3 and 4 of
the chroman ring system hydrogen atoms are present, and in the free
binding sites in positions 5, 7 and 8 of the chroman ring system
hydrogen atoms or substituents selected from the series consisting
of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--
are present. In another embodiment of the invention, in the free
binding sites in positions 2 and 5 of the chroman ring system
hydrogen atoms are present, and in the free binding sites in
positions 3, 4, 7 and 8 of the chroman ring system hydrogen atoms
or substituents selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- are
present. In another embodiment of the invention, in the free
binding sites in positions 2, 5, 7 and 8 of the chroman ring system
hydrogen atoms are present, and in the free binding sites in
positions 3 and 4 of the chroman ring system hydrogen atoms or
substituents selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- are
present. In one embodiment, the number of groups R4 which are
different from hydrogen, i.e. the number of substituents R4 which
are selected from halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, is 3, in another embodiment it is 2,
in another embodiment it is 1, and in another embodiment it is 0,
and in the latter embodiment thus no groups R4 which are different
from hydrogen are present in the chroman ring system, and hydrogen
atoms are present in all its free binding sites. In one embodiment,
R4 is hydrogen or one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another embodiment R4 is hydrogen or
one or more identical or different substituents selected from the
series consisting of fluorine, chlorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. In one embodiment, R4 in the free binding
sites in positions 2, 3 and 4 of the chroman ring system is
hydrogen or one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another embodiment R4 in the free
binding sites in positions 2, 3 and 4 of the chroman ring system is
hydrogen or one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, and
R4 in the free binding sites in positions 5, 7 and 8 of the chroman
ring system is hydrogen or one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, in another
embodiment R4 in the free binding sites in positions 5, 7 and 8 of
the chroman ring system is hydrogen or one or more identical or
different substituents selected from the series consisting of
halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another embodiment R4 in
the free binding sites in positions 5, 7 and 8 of the chroman ring
system is hydrogen or one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of halogen. In one
embodiment of the invention, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl group
representing R4 or present in R4 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.2)-alkyl, in
another embodiment it is methyl.
[0042] In one embodiment of the invention, R5 and R6 are
independently of one another selected from the series consisting of
hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and Het2, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, wherein in all these embodiment
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R11, or the groups R5 and R6, together
with the nitrogen atom carrying them, form a 4-membered to
10-membered, monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated or partially
unsaturated heterocycle which, in addition to the nitrogen atom
carrying R5 and R6, comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur,
and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R12. In another embodiment of the
invention, R5 and R6 are independently of one another selected from
the series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2, in another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-Cycloalkyl and Het2, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, wherein in all
these embodiment (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl is unsubstituted or
substituted by one or more identical or different substituents R10,
and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl
and Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more
identical or different substituents R11.
[0043] In one embodiment of the invention, one of the groups R5 and
R6 is selected from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and methyl, and
in another embodiment is hydrogen, and the other of the groups R5
and R6 is selected from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and Het2, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, wherein in all these embodiment
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and methyl
representing R5 or R6 is unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R11, or the groups R5 and R6, together
with the nitrogen atom carrying them, form a 4-membered to
10-membered, monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated or partially
unsaturated heterocycle which, in addition to the nitrogen atom
carrying R5 and R6, comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur,
and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R12. In another embodiment of the
invention, one of the groups R5 and R6 is selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and methyl, and in another embodiment is
hydrogen, and the other of the groups R5 and R6 is selected from
the series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2, in another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, wherein in all
these embodiment (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl
and methyl representing R5 or R6 is unsubstituted or substituted by
one or more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R11.
[0044] In one embodiment of the invention, one of the groups R5 and
R6 is selected from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and methyl, and
in another embodiment is hydrogen, and the other of the groups R5
and R6 is selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and Het2, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, wherein in all these embodiment
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and methyl
representing R5 or R6 is unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R11, or the groups R5 and R6, together
with the nitrogen atom carrying them, form a 4-membered to
10-membered, monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated or partially
unsaturated heterocycle which, in addition to the nitrogen atom
carrying R5 and R6, comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur,
and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R12. In another embodiment of the
invention, one of the groups R5 and R6 is selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and methyl, and in another embodiment is
hydrogen, and the other of the groups R5 and R6 is selected from
the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, wherein in all these
embodiment (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
methyl representing R5 or R6 is unsubstituted or substituted by one
or more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R11.
[0045] In one embodiment of the invention, a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl group representing R5 or R6 is a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl group, in another embodiment a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.3)-alkyl group, in another embodiment a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.2)-alkyl group, in another embodiment any one or
more groups selected from the series consisting of butyl, propyl,
isopropyl, ethyl and methyl, for example selected from the series
consisting of methyl, ethyl and propyl, which are all unsubstituted
or substituted by one or more, for example 1, 2 or 3, or 1 or 2, or
1, identical or different substituents R10, which substituents can
be present in any positions, for example in position 1 and/or in
position 2 of an ethyl group representing R5 or R6, or in position
1 and/or in position 2 and/or in position 3 of a propyl group
representing R5 or R6.
[0046] In one embodiment of the invention, the number of identical
or different substituents R10 which are optionally present in a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl group representing R5 or R6, is 1, 2, 3 or
4, in another embodiment it is 1, 2 or 3, in another embodiment it
is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is 1. In one embodiment, the
number of groups R14 representing substituents R10, which are
optionally present in an (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl group representing
R5 or R6 besides any other substituents R10, is 1 or 2, in another
embodiment it is 1, in another embodiment it is 0 (zero), i.e., in
the latter embodiment R10 is as defined, but is not R14. In one
embodiment, the number of oxo groups representing substituents R10,
which are optionally present in an (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl group
representing R5 or R6 besides any other substituents R10, is 1 or
2, in another embodiment it is 1. In one embodiment, the number of
groups selected from the series consisting of R16-N(R17)-C(O)--,
R19-O--C(O)-- and R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2-representing substituents
R10, which are optionally present in an (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl
group representing R5 or R6 besides any other substituents R10, is
1 or 2, in another embodiment it is 1.
[0047] In one embodiment of the invention, the number of identical
or different substituents R11 which are optionally present in
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 groups representing R5 or R6, is independently of each other
1, 2, 3 or 4, in another embodiment it is 1, 2 or 3, in another
embodiment it is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is 1. In one
embodiment, the number of groups R14 representing substituents R11,
which are optionally present in (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and Het2 groups representing R5 or
R6 besides any other substituents R11, is 1 or 2, in another
embodiment it is 1, in another embodiment it is 0. In one
embodiment, the number of oxo groups representing substituents R11,
which are optionally present in (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and Het2 groups representing R5 or
R6 besides any other substituents R11, is 1 or 2, in another
embodiment it is 1. In one embodiment, the number of groups
selected from the series consisting of
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)--,
R19-O--C(O)-- and R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2-representing substituents
R11, which are optionally present in (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and Het2 groups representing R5 or
R6 besides any other substituents R11, is 1 or 2, in another
embodiment it is 1.
[0048] The monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycle which can be formed
by the groups R5 and R6 together with the nitrogen atom carrying
them, which heterocycle is thus bonded via a ring nitrogen atom,
can be 4-membered, 5-membered, 6-membered, 7-membered, 8-membered,
9-membered or 10-membered. In one embodiment of the invention, this
heterocycle is 5-membered to 10-membered, in another embodiment it
is 5-membered to 8-membered, in another embodiment it is 5-membered
or 6-membered. In one embodiment of the invention, a monocyclic
heterocycle formed by the groups R5 and R6 together with the
nitrogen atom carrying them, is 4-membered, 5-membered, 6-membered
or 7-membered, and a bicyclic heterocycle formed by the groups R5
and R6 together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, is
6-membered, 7-membered, 8-membered, 9-membered or 10-membered. In
one embodiment, a heterocycle formed by the groups R5 and R6
together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, is monocyclic, in
another embodiment it is bicyclic. The two cycles in a bicyclic
heterocyclic group formed by the groups R5 and R6 together with the
nitrogen atom carrying them, can be fused or form a bridged bicycle
or a spirocycle.
[0049] In one embodiment, a heterocycle formed by the groups R5 and
R6 together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, is saturated or
contains one double bond within the ring, in another embodiment it
is saturated. In one embodiment, the further ring heteroatom which
is optionally present in a heterocycle formed by the groups R5 and
R6 together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, is selected from
the series consisting of nitrogen and oxygen, in another embodiment
it is a nitrogen atom, and in another embodiment it is an oxygen
atom. Examples of heterocyclic groups, from any one or more of
which the heterocyclic groups formed by the groups R5 and R6
together with the nitrogen atom carrying them is selected in one
embodiment of the invention, are the groups of the following
formulae,
##STR00008##
in which the line crossed with the symbol represents the free bond
via which the group is bonded. The bond originating at the
substituent R12 which is depicted in these formulae, which is not
directed to a specific atom, indicates that these heterocyclic
groups are optionally substituted by one or more identical or
different substituents R12 which can be present in any
positions.
[0050] In one embodiment of the invention, the number of identical
or different substituents R12 which are optionally present in a
heterocycle formed by R5 and R6 together with the nitrogen atom
carrying them, is 1, 2, 3 or 4, in another embodiment it is 1, 2 or
3, in another embodiment it is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is
1. In one embodiment, the number of groups R14 representing
substituents R12, which are optionally present in a heterocycle
formed by R5 and R6 together with the nitrogen atom carrying them
besides any other substituents R12, is 1 or 2, in another
embodiment it is 1, in another embodiment it is 0. In one
embodiment, the number of oxo groups representing substituents R12,
which are optionally present in a heterocycle formed by R5 and R6
together with the nitrogen atom carrying them besides any other
substituents R12, is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is 1. In one
embodiment, the number of groups selected from the series
consisting of R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-C(O)--, R19-O--C(O)-- and R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2--
representing substituents R12, which are optionally present in a
heterocycle formed by R5 and R6 together with the nitrogen atom
carrying them besides any other substituents R12, is 1 or 2, in
another embodiment it is 1.
[0051] In one embodiment of the invention, R7 is in any of its
occurrences, independently of other occurrences, selected from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, phenyl, Het2 and
Het3, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, Het2 and Het3, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and Het2, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and Het3, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of phenyl and Het3, and in another embodiment is
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, and in another embodiment is phenyl, and
in another embodiment is Het2, and in another embodiment is Het3,
wherein all groups (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and Het2 are
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R10, and all groups phenyl and Het3 are unsubstituted
or substituted by one or more identical or different substituents
R13.
[0052] In one embodiment of the invention, the number of identical
or different substituents R10 which are optionally present in
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2
groups representing R7, is independently of each other 1, 2 or 3,
in another embodiment it is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is 1.
In one embodiment, the number of groups R14 representing
substituents R10, which are optionally present in
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2
groups representing R7 besides any other substituents R10, is 1 or
2, in another embodiment it is 1, in another embodiment it is 0. In
one embodiment, the number of oxo groups representing substituents
R10, which are optionally present in (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2 groups representing R7
besides any other substituents R10, is 1 or 2, in another
embodiment it is 1. In one embodiment, the number of groups
selected from the series consisting of R16-N(R17)-C(O)--,
R19-O--C(O)-- and R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2-- representing substituents
R10, which are optionally present in (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and Het2 groups representing R7
besides any other substituents R10, is 1 or 2, in another
embodiment it is 1. In one embodiment of the invention, the number
of identical or different substituents R13 which are optionally
present in phenyl and Het3 groups representing R7, is independently
of each other 1, 2 or 3, in another embodiment it is 1 or 2, in
another embodiment it is 1, in another embodiment it is 0.
[0053] In one embodiment of the invention, R10 is selected from the
series consisting of R14, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2-0-, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)--, R19-O--C(O)-- and
R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2--, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of R14, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting
of R14, fluorine, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of R14, fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of R14, fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting
of fluorine, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting
of R14, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting
of HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting
of R14, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O-- and
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O-- and (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of R14, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O-- and (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O-- and
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of HO--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O-- and (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of HO--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O-- and
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of HO-- and (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of R14, HO-- and (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of R14 and HO--, and
in another embodiment R10 is HO--, and in another embodiment R10 is
R14, wherein in case that more than one substituent R10 is present,
the substituents R10 are independently of one another defined as in
any of these embodiments.
[0054] In one embodiment of the invention, R11 and R12 are
independently of one another selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R14, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R14, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
fluorine, HO--, oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting
of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
fluorine, HO--, oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
R16-N(R17)- and R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
fluorine, HO--, oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting
of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
fluorine, HO--, oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and R16-N(R17)-,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
fluorine, HO--, oxo and R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, fluorine and oxo, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO-- and
R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO-- and R16-N(R17)-, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--, R16-N(R17)- and
R19-O--C(O)--, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--, R16-N(R17)- and
R19-O--C(O)--, wherein in case that more than one substituent R11
or R12 is present, the substituents R11 and R12 are independently
of one another defined as in any of these embodiments. In one
embodiment, substituents R11 and R12 which are bonded to a ring
nitrogen atom, as can occur in the case of the group Het2 or the
ring which can be formed by R5 and R6 together with the nitrogen
atom carrying them, are selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl- and R14, wherein R14 is bonded
via a ring carbon atom, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl.
[0055] The explanations given above with respect to the ring which
can be formed by two substituents R1 bonded to adjacent ring carbon
atoms in Ar together with the carbon atoms carrying them, apply
correspondingly to the ring which can be formed by two substituents
R13 bonded to adjacent ring carbon atoms in R7. I.e., the ring
which can be formed by two substituents R13 bonded to adjacent ring
carbon atoms in R7, is mono-unsaturated because it is fused to an
aromatic ring, i.e. a phenyl group or a group Het3 representing R7,
and two such groups R13 forming a ring together with the carbon
atoms carrying them can in other terms be regarded as together
forming a divalent residue comprising a chain of 3 to 5 atoms of
which 0, 1 or 2 are identical or different heteroatoms selected
from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The
examples of such divalent residues given above with respect to the
ring which can be formed by two groups R1 together with the ring
carbon atoms carrying them, apply likewise to the ring which can be
formed by two substituents R13 together with the ring carbon atoms
carrying them. In one embodiment of the invention, the ring which
can be formed by two groups R13 bonded to adjacent ring carbon
atoms in R7 together with the carbon atoms carrying them, is a
5-membered or 6-membered, in another embodiment a 5-membered, in
another embodiment a 6-membered ring. In one embodiment of the
invention, the number of substituents selected from the series
consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, which can be
present in a ring formed by two groups R13 bonded to adjacent ring
carbon atoms in R7 together with the carbon atoms carrying them, is
1, 2 or 3, in another embodiment 1 or 2, in another embodiment 1.
In one embodiment of the invention, substituents which can be
present in a ring formed by two groups R13 bonded to adjacent ring
carbon atoms in R7 together with the carbon atoms carrying them,
are fluorine substituents, and in another embodiment they are
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl substituents, for example methyl
substituents, and in another embodiment are substituents in such a
ring bonded to a ring nitrogen atom selected from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. In one embodiment, a ring
formed by two substituents R13 bonded to adjacent ring carbon atoms
in R7 together with the carbon atoms carrying them, comprises 1 or
2, in another embodiment 2, identical or different ring
heteroatoms, wherein in one embodiment the ring heteroatoms are
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen and sulfur, and in
another embodiment 1 ring nitrogen and 1 ring sulfur atom is
present in such a ring.
[0056] In one embodiment of the invention, R13 is selected from the
series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, in another embodiment from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and R16-N(R17)-, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, and two substituents R13 bonded to
adjacent ring carbon atoms in R7, together with the carbon atoms
carrying them, can form a 5-membered to 7-membered mono-unsaturated
ring which comprises 0, 1 or 2 identical or different ring
heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen
and sulfur, and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents selected from the series
consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. In another
embodiment, R13 is selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and
R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and
R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and R16-N(R17)-, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl.
[0057] The monocyclic or bicyclic group R14 can be 3-membered,
4-membered, 5-membered, 6-membered, 7-membered, 8-membered,
9-membered or 10-membered. In one embodiment of the invention, a
monocyclic group R14 is 3-membered, 4-membered, 5-membered,
6-membered or 7-membered, and a bicyclic group R14 is 6-membered,
7-membered, 8-membered, 9-membered or 10-membered. In one
embodiment of the invention, R14 is monocyclic, in another
embodiment it is bicyclic. The two cycles in a bicyclic group R14
can be fused or form a bridged bicycle or a spirocycle. The
monocyclic or bicyclic ring R14 can be saturated, i.e. not contain
any double bonds within the ring system, or be partially
unsaturated, i.e. contain one or more double bonds within the ring
system, for example, one two, three or four double bonds, or one,
two or three double bonds, or one or two double bonds, or one
double bond, but is not fully aromatic, i.e. it does not contain a
cyclic system of six delocalized pi electrons in the case of a
monocycle or of ten delocalized pi electrons in the case of a
bicycle, or it can be aromatic. The number of double bonds which
can be present in ring, depends on the type of the ring system and
the ring size. Partially unsaturated rings R14 include also
bicyclic ring systems in which one of the two cycles is aromatic
and the other is not aromatic. The ring R14 can be carbocyclic,
i.e. contain 0 (zero) ring heteroatoms, or heterocyclic, i.e.
contain 1, 2, 3 or 4 identical or different ring heteroatoms. In
one embodiment, the number of ring heteroatoms which are present in
R14 is 0, 1, 2 or 3, in another embodiment 0, 1 or 2, in another
embodiment 0 or 1. In one embodiment of the invention, R14 is in
any of its occurrences, independently of its other occurrences, a
carbocyclic ring, and in another embodiment it is a heterocyclic
ring. In a bicyclic ring R14, ring heteroatoms can be present in
one of the two rings or in both rings in any suitable positions. In
bridged and fused bicyclic rings, ring nitrogen atoms can also be
present in bridgehead positions and fusion positions. In one
embodiment of the invention, a 3-membered ring R14 is carbocyclic
ring, in particular a cyclopropane ring, i.e., in this case the
group R14 is a cyclopropyl group. In one embodiment, ring
heteroatoms which are present in R14, are selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen and oxygen, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of nitrogen and sulfur, and in another embodiment
they are nitrogen atoms. In another embodiment, R14 is as defined,
but is not a pyrazolyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted
by one or more identical or different (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl
substituents. R14 can be bonded via any ring carbon atom and any
ring nitrogen atom which has a free binding position. In a bicyclic
group R14, the ring atom via which R14 is bonded, can be present in
a saturated ring, a partially unsaturated ring or in an aromatic
ring. In one embodiment of the invention, R14 is bonded in any of
its occurrences, independently of its other occurrences, via a ring
carbon atom, in another embodiment via a ring nitrogen atom.
[0058] Types of cyclic groups which are comprised by the definition
of R14, are cycloalkyl groups, bicycloalkyl groups, phenyl groups,
naphthyl groups including naphthalen-1-yl groups and
naphthalen-2-yl groups, partially hydrogenated naphthyl groups such
as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl groups, monocyclic and bicyclic
aromatic heterocyclic groups such as the groups Het1 and Het3, and
saturated and partially unsaturated monocyclic and bicyclic
heterocyclic groups such as the group Het2. The explanations given
above and below with respect to such groups apply correspondingly
to such groups representing R14, as do the explanations given above
with respect to heterocyclic groups in general. Examples of groups,
from any one or more of which the group R14 is selected in one
embodiment of the invention, are the groups of the following
formulae,
##STR00009## ##STR00010##
in which the line crossed with the symbol represents the free bond
via which the group is bonded. The bond originating at the
substituent R20 which is depicted in these formulae, which is not
directed to a specific atom, indicates that these groups are
optionally substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R20, which can be present in any positions.
[0059] In one embodiment of the invention, the number of identical
or different substituents R20 which are optionally present in the
group R14, is 1, 2, 3 or 4, in another embodiment it is 1, 2 or 3,
in another embodiment it is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is 1.
In one embodiment, the number of oxo groups representing
substituents R20, which are optionally present in R14 besides any
other substituents R20, is 1 or 2, in another embodiment it is 1.
In one embodiment, the number of groups selected from the series
consisting of R16-N(R17)-C(O)--, R19-O--C(O)-- and
R16-N(R17)-S(O).sub.2-representing substituents R20, which are
optionally present in R14 besides any other substituents R20, is 1
or 2, in another embodiment it is 1.
[0060] In one embodiment of the invention, R15 is in any of its
occurrences, independently of its other occurrences, selected from
the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, and in another embodiment R15 is
methyl.
[0061] In one embodiment of the invention, R16 and R17 are in any
of their occurrences, independently of other occurrences, and
independently of one another, selected from the series consisting
of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl
and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and methyl, or
the groups R16 and R17, together with the nitrogen atom carrying
them, form a 4-membered to 7-membered, monocyclic saturated
heterocycle which, in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R16
and R17, comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom selected from the
series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. In another embodiment, R16 and R17 are in
any of their occurrences, independently of other occurrences, and
independently of one another, selected from the series consisting
of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl
and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and methyl.
[0062] The monocyclic heterocycle which can be formed by the groups
R16 and R17 together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, which
heterocycle is thus bonded via a ring nitrogen atom, can be
4-membered, 5-membered, 6-membered or 7-membered. In one embodiment
of the invention, the heterocycle formed by the groups R16 and R17
together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, is 5-membered or
6-membered, in another embodiment it is 6-membered. In one
embodiment, the further ring heteroatom which is optionally present
in a heterocycle formed by the groups R16 and R17 together with the
nitrogen atom carrying them, is selected from the series consisting
of nitrogen and oxygen, in another embodiment it is a nitrogen
atom, and in another embodiment it is an oxygen atom. In one
embodiment of the invention, the number of substituents selected
from the series consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
which can be present in a ring formed by the groups R16 and R17
together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, is 1, 2 or 3, in
another embodiment 1 or 2, in another embodiment 1. In one
embodiment of the invention, substituents which can be present in a
ring formed by the groups R16 and R17 together with the nitrogen
atom carrying them, are fluorine substituents, and in another
embodiment they are (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl substituents, for
example methyl substituents, and in another embodiment are
substituents in such a ring bonded to a ring nitrogen atom selected
from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. Examples of
heterocyclic groups, from any one or more of which the heterocyclic
groups formed by the groups R16 and R17 together with the nitrogen
atom carrying them is selected in one embodiment of the invention,
are azetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl,
thiomorpholin-4-yl, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl.
[0063] In one embodiment of the invention, R18 is in any of its
occurrences, independently of its other occurrences, selected from
the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, and in another embodiment R18 is
methyl.
[0064] In one embodiment of the invention, R19 is in any of its
occurrences, independently of its other occurrences, selected from
the series consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of hydrogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, in another embodiment from the series
consisting of hydrogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
and in another embodiment R19 is hydrogen.
[0065] In one embodiment of the invention, R20 is selected from the
series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--,
oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R18-O--C(O)--N(R17)-, NC--, R18-C(O)--,
R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--, in another embodiment from the
series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--,
oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R18-O--C(O)--N(R17)- and NC--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and NC--, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and NC--, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--,
oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-
and NC--, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R16-N(R17)- and NC--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R16-N(R17)- and NC--, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and
R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O-- and
R16-N(R17)-, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl and oxo, wherein in case that more than one
substituent R20 is present, the substituents R20 are independently
of one another defined as in any of these embodiments.
[0066] In one embodiment of the invention, the aromatic group Het1
is in any of its occurrences, independently of other occurrences, a
5-membered heterocycle which comprises one ring heteroatom which is
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur,
and a further ring heteroatom which is a ring nitrogen atom, or it
is 6-membered heterocycle which comprises one or two ring nitrogen
atoms, in another embodiment Het1 is selected from the series
consisting of the aromatic heterocycles pyrazole, imidazole,
isoxazole, oxazole, thiazole, pyridine, pyrimidine and pyrazine, in
another embodiment from the series consisting of pyrazole,
isoxazole, oxazole, thiazole, pyridine and pyrimidine, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of pyrazole, isoxazole,
oxazole, thiazole and pyridine, which are all unsubstituted or
substituted as indicated. In one embodiment, the group Het1 is
bonded via a ring carbon atom. In one embodiment, the number of
substituents which are optionally present in a group Het1, is 1, 2
or 3, in another embodiment 1 or 2, in another embodiment 1. In one
embodiment, the substituents which are optionally present in Het 1
are selected from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. In one embodiment, a substituent which is
bonded to a ring nitrogen atom, such as in a pyrrole, pyrazole or
imidazole ring, is selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl.
[0067] The heterocyclic group Het2 can be 4-membered, 5-membered,
6-membered, 7-membered, 8-membered, 9-membered or 10-membered. In
one embodiment of the invention, a monocyclic group Het2 is
4-membered, 5-membered, 6-membered or 7-membered, and a bicyclic
group Het2 is 6-membered, 7-membered, 8-membered, 9-membered or
10-membered. In one embodiment of the invention, Het2 is in any of
its occurrences, independently of other occurrences, monocyclic,
and in another embodiment it is bicyclic. The two cycles in a
bicyclic group Het2, can be fused or form a bridged bicycle or a
spirocycle. In one embodiment, the group Het2 is saturated or
contains one double bond within the ring, in another embodiment it
is saturated. In one embodiment, the further ring heteroatom which
is optionally present in a group Het2, is selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen and oxygen, in another embodiment it is a
nitrogen atom, and in another embodiment it is an oxygen atom. Het2
can be bonded via any ring carbon atom and any ring nitrogen atom
which has a free binding position. In one embodiment of the
invention, Het2 is bonded in any of its occurrences, independently
of its other occurrences, via a ring carbon atom, in another
embodiment via a ring nitrogen atom. Examples of heterocyclic
groups, from any one or more of which Het2 is selected in one
embodiment of the invention, are azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl,
piperidinyl, azepanyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperazinyl
and 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, which in one embodiment are bonded
via ring carbon atom and, for example, are the residues
azetidin-2-yl, azetidin-3-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl,
piperidin-2-yl, piperidin-3-yl, piperidin-4-yl and
3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-6-yl.
[0068] In one embodiment of the invention, the aromatic group Het3
is a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle or an
8-membered, 9-membered or 10-membered bicyclic heterocycle, in
another embodiment a 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic
heterocycle or a 9-membered or 10-membered bicyclic heterocycle. In
a bicyclic heterocycle representing Het3, the ring heteroatoms can
be present in one of the rings or both of the rings. In one
embodiment, one of the ring heteroatoms in Het3 is a ring nitrogen
atom and no further ring heteroatom is present, or a second ring
heteroatom is present which is selected from the series consisting
of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. In one embodiment, Het3 is selected
from the series consisting of the aromatic heterocycles pyrazole,
imidazole, isoxazole, oxazole, thiazole, pyridine, pyrimidine,
pyrazine, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzthiazole, quinoline and
isoquinoline, in another embodiment from the series consisting of
pyrazole, imidazole, isoxazole, oxazole, thiazole, pyridine,
benzimidazole, benzoxazole and benzthiazole, in another embodiment
from the series consisting of pyrazole, imidazole, isoxazole,
thiazole, pyridine, benzimidazole and benzthiazole, in another
embodiment from the series consisting of pyrazole, imidazole,
isoxazole, thiazole, pyridine and benzthiazole.
[0069] In one embodiment of the invention, the substituents in a
phenyl group in any occurrence in a compound of the formula I,
independently of any other occurrences, are selected from the
series consisting of halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, unless
specified otherwise. In one embodiment, the number of substituents
in a phenyl group is 1, 2 or 3, in another embodiment 1 or 2, in
another embodiment 1, unless specified otherwise.
[0070] In one embodiment of the invention, the chiral carbon atom
in position 2 of the chroman ring system in a compound of the
formula I is present, or is essentially present, for example with a
molar ratio of the two stereoisomers of 98:2, or 99:1, or greater,
in uniform configuration, either in R configuration or in S
configuration, as is indicated by the wavy wedge in the compound of
the formula Iq. In another embodiment of the invention, the chiral
carbon atom in position 2 of the chroman ring system in a compound
of the formula I is present, or is essentially present, for example
with a molar ratio of the two stereoisomers of 98:2, or 99:1, or
greater, in the configuration depicted in formula Ir, i.e. in the
respective compound of the formula I the group Ar is located above
the plane which may be assumed to be formed by the chroman ring
system arranged as depicted in formulae Ir and Is, which
configuration is R configuration in case all groups R4 are
hydrogen. In another embodiment of the invention, the chiral carbon
atom in position 2 of the chroman ring system in a compound of the
formula I is present, or is essentially present, for example with a
molar ratio of the two stereoisomers of 98:2, or 99:1, or greater,
in the configuration depicted in formula Is, i.e. in the respective
compound of the formula I the group Ar is located below the plane
which may be assumed to be formed by the chroman ring system
arranged as depicted in formulae Ir and Is, which configuration is
S configuration in case all groups R4 are hydrogen.
##STR00011##
[0071] The groups Ar, R2, R3 and R4 in the compounds of the
formulae Iq, Ir and Is are defined as in the compounds of the
formula I.
[0072] A subject of the invention are all compounds of the formula
I wherein any one or more structural elements such as groups,
residues, substituents and numbers are defined as in any of the
specified embodiments or definitions of the elements, or have one
or more of the specific meanings which are mentioned herein as
examples of elements, wherein all combinations of one or more
definitions of compounds or elements and/or specified embodiments
and/or specific meanings of elements are a subject of the present
invention. Also with respect to all such compounds of the formula
I, all their stereoisomeric forms and mixtures of stereoisomeric
forms in any ratio, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are
a subject of the present invention.
[0073] As an example of compounds of the invention which with
respect to any structural elements are defined as in specified
embodiments of the invention or definitions of such elements,
compounds of the formula I may be mentioned wherein
Ar is selected from the series consisting of phenyl, thiophenyl,
pyridinyl and pyrazinyl, which are all unsubstituted or substituted
by one or more identical or different substituents R1; R1 is
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-O--,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-S(O).sub.n--; R2 is selected from the
series consisting of R5-N(R6)-C(O)--, R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--,
R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2-- and R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--; R3 is
selected from the series consisting of hydrogen, halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R4 is hydrogen or one or more identical or
different substituents selected from the series consisting of
halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R5 and R6 are independently of
one another selected from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl,
(C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and Het2, wherein
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)-bicycloalkyl and
Het2 all are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R11, or the groups R5 and R6, together
with the nitrogen atom carrying them, form a 4-membered to
10-membered, monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated heterocycle which,
in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R5 and R6, comprises 0 or
1 further ring heteroatom selected from the series consisting of
nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is unsubstituted or
substituted by one or more identical or different substituents R12;
R7 is selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, Het2 and Het3, wherein
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and Het2 all are unsubstituted or
substituted by one or more identical or different substituents R10,
and Het3 is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R13; R10 is selected from the series
consisting of R14, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--; R11 and R12
are independently of one another selected from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R19-O--C(O)--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--; R13 is
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O- and
R16-N(R17)-; R14 is a 3-membered to 10-membered, monocyclic or
bicyclic ring which is saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic
and comprises 0, 1, 2 or 3 identical or different ring heteroatoms
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur,
and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R20; R15 and R18 are independently of one
another selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-; R16 and R17
are independently of one another selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, or the
groups R16 and R17, together with the nitrogen atom carrying them,
form a 5-membered to 6-membered, monocyclic saturated heterocycle
which, in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R16 and R17,
comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R19 is selected from the series consisting
of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl
and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-; R20 is
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and NC--;
Het2 is a 4-membered to 10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic,
saturated or partially unsaturated heterocycle comprising 1 or 2
identical or different ring heteroatoms selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; Het3 is a 5-membered to
10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocycle comprising
1 or 2 identical or different ring heteroatoms selected from the
series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; n is selected
from the series consisting of 0, 1 and 2, wherein all numbers n are
independent of one another; wherein all cycloalkyl and bicycloalkyl
groups, independently of any other substituents which can be
present on a cycloalkyl or bicycloalkyl group, can be substituted
by one or more identical substituents selected from the series
consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein all
alkyl groups, independently of any other substituents which can be
present on an alkyl group, can be substituted by one or more
fluorine substituents; in any of their stereoisomeric forms or a
mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, and the
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0074] As another such example, compounds of the formula I may be
mentioned, wherein
Ar is selected from the series consisting of phenyl, thiophenyl,
pyridinyl and pyrazinyl, which are all unsubstituted or substituted
by one or more identical or different substituents R1; R1 is
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO-- and (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--; R2
is selected from the series consisting of R5-N(R6)-C(O)--,
R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2-- and
R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--; R3 is selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen, halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R4 is
hydrogen or one or more identical or different substituents
selected from the series consisting of halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R5 and R6 are independently of one another
selected from the series consisting of hydrogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, wherein
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or
more identical or different substituents R10, and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one
or more identical or different substituents R11, or the groups R5
and R6, together with the nitrogen atom carrying them, form a
4-membered to 10-membered, monocyclic or bicyclic, saturated
heterocycle which, in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R5 and
R6, comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom selected from the
series consisting of nitrogen and oxygen, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R12; R7 is selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and Het3, wherein (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl
is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or
different substituents R10, and Het3 is unsubstituted or
substituted by one or more identical or different substituents R13;
R10 is selected from the series consisting of R14, fluorine, HO--,
oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)-,
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-, R16-N(R17)-C(O)-- and R19-O--C(O)--; R11 and R12
are independently of one another selected from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl,
HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
fluorine, HO--, oxo, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-; R13 is selected from the series consisting of
halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O- and
R16-N(R17)-; R14 is a 3-membered to 10-membered, monocyclic or
bicyclic ring which is saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic
and comprises 0, 1, 2 or 3 identical or different ring heteroatoms
selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur,
and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical
or different substituents R20; R15 and R18 are independently of one
another selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-; R16 and R17
are independently of one another selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, or the
groups R16 and R17, together with the nitrogen atom carrying them,
form a 5-membered to 6-membered, monocyclic saturated heterocycle
which, in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R16 and R17,
comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R19 is selected from the series consisting
of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl
and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-; R20 is
selected from the series consisting of halogen,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and NC--;
Het3 is a 5-membered to 10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic
heterocycle comprising 1 or 2 identical or different ring
heteroatoms selected from the series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen
and sulfur; wherein all cycloalkyl groups, independently of any
other substituents which can be present on a cycloalkyl group, can
be substituted by one or more identical substituents selected from
the series consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl;
wherein all alkyl groups, independently of any other substituents
which can be present on an alkyl group, can be substituted by one
or more fluorine substituents; in any of their stereoisomeric forms
or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, and the
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0075] As another such example, compounds of the formula I may be
mentioned, which are compounds of the formula Ie,
##STR00012##
wherein Ar is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one
or more identical or different substituents R1; R1 is selected from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--; R2 is selected from the series
consisting of R5-N(R6)-C(O)-- and R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--; R3 is
selected from the series consisting of hydrogen, halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R4 is hydrogen or one or more identical or
different substituents selected from the series consisting of
halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; one of the groups R5 and R6 is
hydrogen and the other of the groups R5 and R6 is selected from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, wherein (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R10, and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl is unsubstituted
or substituted by one or more identical or different substituents
R11; R10 is selected from the series consisting of R14, fluorine,
HO--, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--,
R15-NH--C(O)--O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-; R11 is selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and R18-C(O)--N(R17)-; R14 is a
3-membered to 10-membered, monocyclic or bicyclic ring which is
saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic and comprises 0, 1, 2
or 3 identical or different ring heteroatoms selected from the
series consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R20; R15 and R18 are independently of one another
selected from the series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-; R16 and R17
are independently of one another selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, or the
groups R16 and R17, together with the nitrogen atom carrying them,
form a 5-membered to 6-membered, monocyclic saturated heterocycle
which, in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R16 and R17,
comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R20 is selected from the series consisting
of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, HO--, oxo,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and NC--;
wherein all cycloalkyl groups, independently of any other
substituents which can be present on a cycloalkyl group, can be
substituted by one or more identical substituents selected from the
series consisting of fluorine and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein
all alkyl groups, independently of any other substituents which can
be present on an alkyl group, can be substituted by one or more
fluorine substituents; in any of their stereoisomeric forms or a
mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, and the
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0076] As another such example, compounds of the formula I may be
mentioned, which are compounds of the formula Ie,
##STR00013##
wherein Ar is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one
or more identical or different substituents R1; R1 is selected from
the series consisting of halogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, HO-- and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--; R2 is selected from the series
consisting of R5-N(R6)-C(O)-- and R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--; R3 is
selected from the series consisting of hydrogen, halogen and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; R4 is hydrogen or one or more identical or
different substituents selected from the series consisting of
halogen and (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; one of the groups R5 and R6 is
hydrogen and the other of the groups R5 and R6 is selected from the
series consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl, wherein (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents R10, and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl is unsubstituted
or substituted by one or more identical or different substituents
R11; R10 is selected from the series consisting of fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, R15-C(O)--O--, R15-NH--C(O)--O--,
HO--S(O).sub.2--O--, (HO).sub.2P(O)--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and
R18-C(O)--N(R17)-; R11 is selected from the series consisting of
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, HO--(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-,
R16-N(R17)-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, fluorine, HO--,
(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl-O--, HO--S(O).sub.2--O--,
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--, R16-N(R17)- and R18-C(O)--N(R17)-; R15 and R18
are independently of one another selected from the series
consisting of (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl
and (C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-; R16 and
R17 are independently of one another selected from the series
consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)-alkyl,
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl and
(C.sub.3-C.sub.7)-cycloalkyl-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, or the
groups R16 and R17, together with the nitrogen atom carrying them,
form a 5-membered to 6-membered, monocyclic saturated heterocycle
which, in addition to the nitrogen atom carrying R16 and R17,
comprises 0 or 1 further ring heteroatom selected from the series
consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein all cycloalkyl groups,
independently of any other substituents which can be present on a
cycloalkyl group, can be substituted by one or more identical
substituents selected from the series consisting of fluorine and
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl; wherein all alkyl groups, independently of
any other substituents which can be present on an alkyl group, can
be substituted by one or more fluorine substituents; in any of
their stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms in
any ratio, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0077] A subject of the invention also is a compound of the formula
I which is selected from any of the specific compounds of the
formula I which are disclosed herein, or is any one of the specific
compounds of the formula I which are disclosed herein, irrespective
thereof whether they are disclosed as a free compound and/or as a
specific salt, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein the compound of the formula I is a subject of the invention
in any of its stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric
forms in any ratio. For example, a subject of the invention is a
compound of the formula I which is selected from the series
consisting of: [0078]
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-amide, [0079]
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, [0080]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
cyclopropylamide, [0081]
2-((S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, [0082]
2-(2-Oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylme-
thyl]-acetamide, [0083] Isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide, [0084]
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
propylamide, [0085]
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide, [0086]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, [0087]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid propylamide, [0088] Phosphoric acid
mono-(2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-e-
thyl) ester, [0089]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide,
[0090] 2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
propylamide, [0091]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide, [0092]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-amide, [0093]
1,3,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid
[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide, [0094]
2-((R)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, and [0095]
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-pyridin-4-ylmethyl-amin-
e, or which is any one of these compounds, and its pharmaceutically
acceptable salts, wherein the compound of the formula I is a
subject of the invention in any of its stereoisomeric forms or a
mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, unless a specific
stereoisomeric form is specified with respect to any carbon atoms
in the respective compound.
[0096] Another subject of the invention is a compound of the
formula I which is selected from the series consisting of: [0097]
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-amide, [0098]
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, [0099]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
cyclopropylamide, [0100]
2-((S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, [0101]
2-(2-Oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylme-
thyl]-acetamide, [0102] Isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide, [0103]
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
propylamide, [0104]
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide, [0105]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, [0106]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid propylamide, [0107] Phosphoric acid
mono-(2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-e-
thyl) ester, [0108]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide,
[0109] 2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
propylamide, [0110]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide, [0111]
2-((R)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide, and [0112]
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-pyridin-4-ylmethyl-amin-
e, or which is any one of these compounds, and its pharmaceutically
acceptable salts, wherein the compound of the formula I is a
subject of the invention in any of its stereoisomeric forms or a
mixture of stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, unless a specific
stereoisomeric form is specified with respect to any carbon atoms
in the respective compound.
[0113] In one embodiment of the invention, the compounds of the
formula I are defined as above in their generic definition or in
any more specific definition or embodiment, with the proviso that
the compound of the formula I is not one of the following
compounds, which are named according to the Chemical Abstracts
system of nomenclature: [0114] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[1-(1,5-dimethyl-1H--
pyrazol-4-yl)ethyl]-, [0115] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-py-
razol-4-yl)methyl]-, [0116] 1H-Pyrazole-4-sulfonamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1,3,5-trimethyl-, [0117] 1H-Pyrazole-4-carboxamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1,5-dimethyl-, [0118] 1H-Pyrazole-4-carboxamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1,3,5-trimethyl-, [0119] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H--
pyrazol-1-yl)ethyl]-, [0120] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1-ethyl-3-methyl-1-
H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-, [0121] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrazo-
l-5-yl)methyl]-, [0122] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-py-
razol-3-yl)methyl]-, [0123] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-py-
razol-5-yl)methyl]-, [0124] 1H-Pyrazole-4-sulfonamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1,5-dimethyl-, [0125] 1H-Pyrazole-4-sulfonamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1-methyl-, [0126] 1H-Pyrazole-3-carboxamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1-ethyl-, [0127] 1H-Pyrazole-1-acetamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-, [0128] 1H-Pyrazole-1-acetamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-3-methyl-, [0129] 1H-Pyrazole-5-carboxamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1-ethyl-, [0130] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[3-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-
propyl]-, [0131] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[2-(3-methyl-1H-pyra-
zol-1-yl)ethyl]-, [0132] 1H-Pyrazole-4-carboxamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1-ethyl-, [0133] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-[[2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3,4-dihyd-
ro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-, [0134] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-
-4-yl)methyl]-, [0135] 1H-Pyrazole-1-propanamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-, [0136] 1H-Pyrazole-4-sulfonamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-5-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-, [0137] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-py-
razol-4-yl)methyl]-, [0138] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[1-(1,5-dimethyl-1H--
pyrazol-4-yl)ethyl]-, [0139] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[1-(1,3-dimethyl-1H--
pyrazol-4-yl)ethyl]-, [0140] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-py-
razol-4-yl)methyl]-, [0141] 1H-Pyrazole-4-sulfonamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1-ethyl-, [0142] 1H-Pyrazole-5-carboxamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1,3-dimethyl-, [0143] 5-Thiazolemethanamine,
2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-N-[2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-
ethyl]-, [0144] 1H-Pyrazole-5-sulfonamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1-methyl-, [0145] 1H-Pyrazole-5-carboxamide,
N-[[2-[(3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy]-5-thiazolyl]methyl-
]-1-methyl-, [0146] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-[[(2R)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3,4--
dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-, [0147] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-[[(2S)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3,4--
dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-, [0148] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[[(2R)-3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-N-[(1,5-dimethyl--
1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-, and [0149] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[[(2S)-3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-N-[(1,5-dimethyl--
1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-, wherein in the excluded compounds the
carbon atom in position 2 of the chroman ring, which carries a
phenyl group or 3-fluorophenyl group, is present in racemic form,
unless specified otherwise, and in another embodiment the excluded
compounds are excluded as the free compounds, i.e. not in the form
of an addition salt with an acid, and in the form of their
2,2,2-trifluoroacetates, i.e. their acid addition salts with
trifluoroacetic acid.
[0150] In another embodiment of the invention, the compounds of the
formula I are defined as above in their generic definition or in
any of the more specific definitions or embodiments, with the
proviso that the compound of the formula I is not a compound in
which simultaneously the group Ar is an unsubstituted phenyl group,
the groups R3 and R4 are hydrogen, one of the groups R5 and R6 is
hydrogen, the other of the groups R5 and R6 is
R40-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, and R7 is R40 or
R40-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, wherein R40 is pyrazolyl which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl substituents, and the carbon atom in
position 2 of the chroman ring which carries the group Ar is
present in racemic form, and the proviso that the compound of the
formula I is not one of the following compounds, which are named
according to the Chemical Abstracts system of nomenclature: [0151]
5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-[[2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3,4-dihyd-
ro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-, [0152] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-[[(2R)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3,4--
dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-, [0153] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
N-[(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-[[(2S)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3,4--
dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-, [0154] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[[(2R)-3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-N-[(1,5-dimethyl--
1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-, and [0155] 5-Thiazolecarboxamide,
2-[[(2S)-3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]-N-[(1,5-dimethyl--
1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-, and in another embodiment the excluded
compounds are excluded as the free compounds, i.e. not in the form
of an addition salt with an acid, and in the form of their
2,2,2-trifluoroacetates, i.e. their acid addition salts with
trifluoroacetic acid.
[0156] In another embodiment of the invention, the compounds of the
formula I are defined as above in their generic definition or in
any of the more specific definitions or embodiments, provided that
the compound of the formula I is not a compound in which
simultaneously the group Ar is unsubstituted phenyl or
3-fluorophenyl, the groups R3 and R4 are hydrogen, one of the
groups R5 and R6 is hydrogen, the other of the groups R5 and R6 is
R40-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, and R7 is R40 or
R40-(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-, wherein R40 is pyrazolyl which is
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl substituents, and in another embodiment the
excluded compounds are excluded as the free compounds, i.e. not in
the form of an addition salt with an acid, and in the form of their
2,2,2-trifluoroacetates, i.e. their acid addition salts with
trifluoroacetic acid.
[0157] Another subject of the present invention are processes for
the preparation of the compounds of the formula I which are
outlined below and by which the compounds of the formula I and
intermediates occurring in the course of their synthesis are
obtainable. For example, one such process relates to the formation
of compounds of the formula I from chroman-6-ols of the formula II
and 2-chloro-thiazoles of the formula III, and includes the linkage
of the thiazole ring to the chroman ring to give compounds of the
formula IV, and the subsequent conversion of the group Y into the
group R2 that is attached to the thiazole ring in the final
compounds of the formula I.
##STR00014##
[0158] The groups Ar, R3 and R4 in the compounds of the formulae
II, III and IV are defined as in the compounds of the formula I,
and additionally can functional groups be present in protected form
or in the form of a precursor group which is subsequently converted
into the final group. The group Y in the compounds of the formulae
III and IV, which group is subsequently transformed into the group
R2 in the compound of the formula I, is selected from the series
consisting of R50-O--C(O)--, H--C(O)-- and NC--, wherein R50 is
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl. The reaction of the compounds of the
formulae II and III is generally performed in an inert solvent, in
particular an aprotic solvent, for example an ether such as
tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane or 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) or an
amide such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide or
N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one (NMP) in the presence of a base, for
example a basic alkali metal salt like an alkali metal carbonate
such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate,
at temperatures from about 20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C.,
in particular from about 40.degree. C. to about 60.degree. C. In
one embodiment of the invention, R50 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.2)-alkyl,
for example methyl or ethyl, in another embodiment it is
tert-butyl.
[0159] Compounds of the formula IV in which the group Y is the
group R50-O--C(O)--, which are designated as compounds of the
formula IVa, in particular compounds of the formula IVa in which
R50 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.2)-alkyl, can be reacted with amines of the
formula V under standard conditions for the aminolysis of esters,
for example in a solvent such as a hydrocarbon like toluene, a
chlorinated hydrocarbon like dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane or
chlorobenzene or an ether like THF, dioxane or DME at temperatures
from about 20.degree. C. to about 120.degree. C., to give compounds
of the formula I in which R2 is the group R5-N(R6)-C(O)--, i.e.
compounds of the formula Ia.
##STR00015##
[0160] Compounds of the formula IV can also be transformed into
compounds of the formula Ia in a convenient manner by first
converting the compound of the formula IVa into the respective
carboxylic acid of the formula VI, or a salt thereof, and reacting
the compound of the formula VI or its salt with an amine of the
formula V under standard conditions for the formation of amides
from carboxylic acids. The groups Ar, R3, R4, R5 and R6 in the
compounds of the formulae IVa, V and VI are defined as in the
compounds of the formula I, and additionally can functional groups
be present in protected form or in the form of a precursor group
which is subsequently converted into the final group.
[0161] Compounds of the formula IVa can be converted into compounds
of the formula VI by treatment with an acid or base, for example by
treatment with an alkali metal hydroxide such as lithium hydroxide,
sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in a solvent such as an
ether like THF, dioxane or DME or an alcohol such as methanol or
ethanol, or a mixture of solvents, in particular an aqueous solvent
or mixture of solvents, or by treatment with hydrochloric acid or
trifluoroacetic acid in a solvent such as a chlorinated hydrocarbon
like dichloromethane, an ether or an alcohol, in particular in the
case of a tert-butyl ester, at temperatures from about 20.degree.
C. to about 100.degree. C., followed by standard work-up procedures
such as an acidification in case the ester of the formula IVa is
hydrolyzed in the presence of a base and a free carboxylic acid of
the formula VI is to be prepared, wherein the detailed conditions
depend on the particulars of the specific case, as usual, and are
readily chosen by a person skilled in the art. For the reaction
with the compound of the formula V, the carboxylic acid group
HO--C(O)-- in the compound of the formula VI is generally activated
in situ by means of a customary amide coupling reagent or converted
into a reactive carboxylic acid derivative which can be prepared in
situ or isolated. For example, the compound of the formula VI can
be converted into an acid halide, e. g. by treatment with thionyl
chloride, phosphorus pentachloride or oxalyl chloride, or treated
with an alkyl chloroformate like ethyl chloroformate or isobutyl
chloroformate to give a mixed anhydride. Customary coupling
reagents which can be employed, are propanephosphonic anhydride,
N,N'-carbonyldiazoles like N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI),
carbodiimides like 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC),
1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or
1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC),
carbodiimides together with additives like 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole
(HOBT) or 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAT), uronium-based
coupling reagents like
O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium
hexafluorophosphate (HATU),
O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium
hexafluorophosphate (HBTU) or
O-(cyano(ethoxycarbonyl)methyleneamino)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylur-
onium tetrafluoroborate (TOTU), and phosphonium-based coupling
reagents like (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium
hexafluorophosphate (BOP),
(benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate
(PyBOP) or bromotripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate
(PyBroP). The reaction of the activated compound of the formula VI
or a reactive derivative of the compound of the formula VI is
generally carried out in an inert solvent, for example a
hydrocarbon like toluene, a chlorinated hydrocarbon like
dichloromethane, an ether like THF, dioxane or DME, an ester like
ethyl acetate or butyl acetate, a nitrile like acetonitrile, an
amide like DMF or NMP, or water, or a mixture of solvents, at
temperatures from about -10.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C., in
particular at temperatures from about 0.degree. C. to about
60.degree. C. Favorably, the reaction is carried out in the
presence of a base such as a tertiary amine, like triethylamine,
ethyldiisopropylamine, N-methylmorpholine or pyridine, or an
inorganic base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, carbonate or
hydrogencarbonate, like sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogencarbonate.
[0162] Compounds of the formula IV in which the group Y is the
group H--C(O)--, i.e. an aldehyde group or formyl group, which are
designated as compounds of the formula IVb, can be reacted with
amines of the formula V, in particular amines in which at least one
of the groups R5 and R6 is different from hydrogen, in a reductive
amination reaction to give compounds of the formula I in which R2
is the group R5-N(R6)-CH.sub.2--, i.e. compounds of the formula
Ib.
##STR00016##
[0163] The groups Ar, R3 and R4 in the compounds of the formula IVb
are defined as in the compounds of the formula I, and additionally
can functional groups be present in protected form or in the form
of a precursor group which is subsequently converted into the final
group. The reductive amination can be carried out with a complex
borohydride as reducing agent such as sodium cyanoborohydride or
sodium triacetoxyborohydride, which can favorably be used also in
polymer-bound form, in a solvent such an ether like THF, dioxane or
DME, an alcohol like methanol or ethanol, or an acid like acetic
acid, or a mixture of solvents, at temperatures from about
0.degree. C. to about 70.degree. C.
[0164] Compounds of the formula IV in which the group Y is the
group NC--, i.e. a nitrile group or cyano group, which are
designated as compounds of the formula IVc, can be reduced to
aminomethyl compounds of the formula It, which can then be acylated
with compounds of the formula VII and sulfonylated with compounds
of the formula VIII to give further compounds of the formula I in
which R2 is the group R7-C(O)--NH--CH.sub.2-- and the group
R7-S(O).sub.2--NH--CH.sub.2--, respectively, i.e. compounds of the
formulae Ic and Id.
##STR00017##
[0165] The groups Ar, R3, R4 and R7 in the compounds of the
formulae It, IVc, VII and VIII are defined as in the compounds of
the formula I, and additionally can functional groups be present in
protected form or in the form of a precursor group which is
subsequently converted into the final group. The groups X1 and X2
in the compounds of the formulae VII and VIII are nucleophilically
substitutable leaving groups, in particular chlorine, in which
latter case the compounds of the formulae VII and VIII are
carboxylic acid chlorides and sulfonic acid chlorides. The groups
X1 and X2 can also be a hydroxy group, in which case the compounds
of the formulae VII and VIII are carboxylic acids and sulfonic
acids which are generally activated in situ by means of a customary
amide coupling reagent or converted into a reactive carboxylic acid
derivative, such as the compound in which X1 or X2 is chlorine, for
the reaction with the compound of the formula It. The explanations
on activating agents and reaction conditions given above with
respect to the reaction of the compounds of the formula VI with the
compounds of the formula V to give carboxamides apply
correspondingly to the reaction of the compounds of the formulae
VII and VIII with the compounds of the formula It to give
carboxamides and sulfonamides. The reduction of the nitrile group
in the compounds of the formula IVc to the aminomethyl group in the
compounds of the formula It can be performed with various reducing
agents known to a person skilled in the art, such as complex metal
hydrides or boranes, or by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence
of a hydrogenation catalyst, for example Raney nickel, in a solvent
such as an ether like THF, dioxane or DME, an alcohol like methanol
or ethanol, or water or a mixture of solvents, at temperatures from
about 0.degree. C. to about 80.degree. C., the detailed conditions
being dependent on the chosen reducing agent and the particulars of
the specific case.
[0166] Compounds of the formula IV and It can be transformed into
further compounds of the formula I also according to other
synthetic strategies. For example, in case compounds of the formula
Ib are to be prepared in which one of the groups R5 and R6 is
hydrogen and the other is a substituted methyl group, such as a
group of the type R14-CH.sub.2--, a reductive amination reaction
with a compound of the formula It and an aldehyde of the formula
R14-C(O)--H can be performed in a manner as described above for the
reaction of the compounds of the formulae IVb and V. Compounds of
the formulae Ib, Ic and Id can also be obtained by reducing a
compound of the formula IVa or a compound of the formula IVb to the
respective compound in which the group Y is a hydroxymethyl group
HO--CH.sub.2--, converting the hydroxy group into a
nucleophilically substitutable leaving group such as chlorine or
bromine or a sulfonyloxy group like methanesulfonyloxy, and
reacting the obtained alkylating agent with an amine of the formula
V, an amide of the formula R7-C(O)--NH.sub.2 or a salt thereof, or
a sulfonamide of the formula R7-S(O).sub.2--NH.sub.2 or a salt
thereof, respectively, wherein in the compounds of the formulae
R7-C(O)--NH.sub.2 and R7-S(O).sub.2--NH.sub.2 the groups R7 are
defined as in the compounds of the formula I and additionally
functional groups can be present in protected form or in the form
of a precursor group which is subsequently converted into the final
group. Further, compounds of the formulae IVa, IVb, IVc and VI can
be converted into one another. If it is more convenient in a
specific case to react a compound of the formula II with a compound
of the formula III in which Y is either R50-O--C(O)-- or H--C(O)--
or NC--, the obtained compound of the formula IV or a subsequently
obtained compound of the formula VI can be converted by standard
procedures into compounds of the formula IV in which Y has another
meaning. For example, a carboxylic acid ester of the formula IVa or
a nitrile of the formula IVc can be reduced to the aldehyde of the
formula IVb, or a compound of the formula IVa or the formula VI can
be converted into the carboxamide and the latter dehydrated to the
nitrile of the formula IVc, or an aldehyde of the formula IVb can
be oxidized to a carboxylic acid of the formula VI, or a nitrile of
the formula IVc can be hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid of the
formula VI.
[0167] For obtaining further compounds of the formula I, various
transformations of functional groups can be carried out under
standard conditions in compounds of the formula I obtained as
described above, or in intermediates or starting compounds in the
synthesis of the compounds of the formula I. For example, a hydroxy
group can be reacted with a carboxylic acid or a reactive
derivative thereof in a similar manner as described above for the
reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amine to give a carboxylic
acid ester. Etherifications of hydroxy groups can be performed by
alkylation with the respective halogen compound, for example a
bromide or iodide, in the presence of a base such an alkali metal
carbonate like potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate in an inert
solvent such as an amide like DMF or NMP or a ketone like acetone
or butan-2-one, or with the respective alcohol under the conditions
of the Mitsunobu reaction in the presence of a phosphine like
triphenylphosphine or tributylphosphine and an azodicarboxylic acid
derivative like diethyl azodicarboxylate or diisopropyl
azodicarboxylate. By reaction with an isocyanate, a hydroxy group
can be converted into an N-substituted carbamic acid ester. By
treatment with a suitable halogenating agent, a hydroxy group can
be converted into a halide. By treatment with sulfur trioxide in
the presence of pyridine, a hydroxy group can be converted into the
sulfuric acid mono ester. By treatment with a suitable
phosphoramidite, such as dibenzyl N,N-diisopropyl-phosphoramidite,
diallyl N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidite or di-tert-butyl
N,N-diisopropyl-phosphoramidite of the formula
(isopropyl).sub.2N--P(O--R55).sub.2, in which R55 is benzyl, allyl
or tert-butyl, for example, in the presence of tetrazole and
subsequent oxidation, for example with a peracid like
3-chloro-perbenzoic acid, a hydroxy group can be converted into its
phosphoric acid ester dibenzyl ester, phosphoric acid ester diallyl
ester and phosphoric acid ester di-tert-butyl ester, respectively,
which can be cleaved to the phosphoric acid mono ester of the
hydroxy group, i.e. the compound which contains the group
(HO).sub.2P(O)-- attached to the oxygen atom of the hydroxy group,
by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of a palladium catalyst
in the case of the dibenzyl ester, by a palladium-catalyzed
nucleophilic substitution in the case of the diallyl ester, and by
treatment with an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid in the case of
the di-tert-butyl ester. By treatment with chloromethyl
chloroformate and subsequently with silver dibenzylphosphate, a
hydroxy group can be converted into the carbonic acid ester
dibenzyloxyphosphoryloxymethyl ester, which can be cleaved to the
carbonic acid ester phosphonooxymethyl ester of the hydroxy group.
i.e. the compound which contains the group
(HO).sub.2P(O)--O--CH.sub.2--O--C(O)-attached to the oxygen atom of
the hydroxy group, by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of a
palladium catalyst (cf. WO 2010/039474). A halogen atom can be
replaced with a variety of groups in a substitution reaction which
may also be a transition-metal catalyzed reaction. An amino group
can be modified under standard conditions for alkylation, for
example by reaction with a halogen compound or by reductive
amination of a carbonyl compound, or for acylation or
sulfonylation, for example by reaction with an activated carboxylic
acid or a carboxylic acid derivative like an acid chloride or
anhydride. A carboxylic acid ester group can be hydrolyzed under
acidic or basic conditions to give a carboxylic acid. A carboxylic
acid group can be activated or converted into a reactive derivative
as outlined above and reacted with an alcohol or an amine or
ammonia to give an ester or amide. A primary amide can be
dehydrated to give a nitrile. A sulfur atom in an alkyl-S-- group
or in a heterocyclic ring can be oxidized with a peroxide like
hydrogen peroxide or a peracid to give a sulfoxide moiety (S(O)) or
a sulfone moiety (S(O).sub.2). A carboxylic acid group, carboxylic
acid ester group and a ketone group can be reduced to an alcohol,
for example with a complex hydride such al lithium aluminium
hydride, lithium borohydride or sodium borohydride. A hydroxy group
can be oxidized to an oxo group by means of pyridinium
chlorochromate or the Dess-Martin periodinane reagent, for example.
All such reactions in the preparation of the compounds of the
formula I are known per se and can be carried out in a manner
familiar to a person skilled in the art according to, or
analogously, to procedures which are described in the standard
literature, for example in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic
Chemistry, Thieme; or Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons; or
R. C. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations: A Guide to
Functional Group Preparations, 2. ed. (1999), John Wiley &
Sons, and the references quoted therein.
[0168] The chroman-6-ols of the formula II which are employed in
the synthesis of the compounds of the formula IV described above,
can be obtained by different processes. In one of them, an
acetophenone of the formula IX, which is substituted in the benzene
ring by a hydroxy group and a group G1 and can additionally be
substituted in the benzene ring and the acetyl group by
substituents R4, is condensed with an aldehyde of the formula X in
the presence of a base to give a chroman-4-one of the formula XII
and/or a chalcone of the formula XI, and an obtained chalcone of
the formula XI subsequently cyclized to the chroman-4-one of the
formula XII.
##STR00018##
[0169] The groups Ar and R4 in the compounds of the formulae IX, X,
XI and XII are defined as in the compounds of the formula I, and
additionally can functional groups be present in protected form or
in the form of a precursor group which is subsequently converted
into the final group. The group G1 in the compounds of the formulae
IX, XI and XII is a hydroxy group or bromine. When performing the
reaction of the compounds of the formulae IX and X in the presence
of an alkali metal hydroxide such as potassium hydroxide as the
base in a solvent such as an alcohol like methanol or ethanol at
temperatures from about 30.degree. C. to about 70.degree. C., the
obtained product is the chalcone of the formula XI. When performing
the reaction of the compounds of the formulae IX and X in the
presence of a salt of a weak acid such as ammonium acetate, for
example, in a solvent such as acetic acid at temperatures from
about 100.degree. C. to about 1200.degree. C., the obtained product
is a mixture of the chalcone of the formula XI and chroman-4-one of
the formula XII. The compound of the formula XI, as well as a
mixture of the compounds of the formulae XI and XII, can be
employed in the cyclization reaction to give the compound of the
formula XII, which can be carried out by treating the starting
material with an acid like hydrochloric acid or with an amine like
ethyldiisopropylamine and potassium fluoride, in a solvent such as
an alcohol like methanol or ethanol at temperatures from about
60.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C.
[0170] The oxo group in the ring position 4 of the compounds of the
formula XII is then reduced to a CH.sub.2 group to give the
compounds of the formula XIV, favorably stepwise via the
4-hydroxy-chroman derivatives of the formula XIII.
##STR00019##
[0171] The groups Ar and R4 in the compounds of the formulae XIII
and XIV are defined as in the compounds of the formula I, and
additionally can functional groups be present in protected form or
in the form of a precursor group which is subsequently converted
into the final group. The group G1 in the compounds of the formulae
XIII and XIV is a hydroxy group or bromine. The reduction of the
compounds of the formula XII to the compounds of the formula XIII
can be carried out under standard conditions for the reduction of a
ketone to an alcohol, for example by means of a complex hydride as
reducing agent, or a borane derivative, such as the
borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in a solvent such as an ether like
THF or dioxane, at temperatures from about 30.degree. C. to about
80.degree. C. The reduction of the compounds of the formula XIII to
the compounds of the formula XIV can be performed, for example, by
treatment with a silane reducing such as a trialkylsilane like
triethylsilane and an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid in a
solvent such as a chlorinated hydrocarbon like dichloromethane at
temperatures from about 000.degree. C. to about 40.degree. C. In
case the group G1 in the compound of the formula XIII and its
precursor compounds is a hydroxy group, the obtained compound of
the formula XIV already is a compound of the formula II. In case
the group G1 in the obtained compound of the formula XIV is
bromine, it can be converted into a hydroxy group by metalation of
the compound of the formula XIV with a organolithium compound such
as butyllithium and treatment with a trialkyl borate such as
triisopropyl borate in a solvent such as a hydrocarbon like heptane
or cyclohexane or an ether like THF or dioxane at temperatures from
about -80.degree. C. to about 0.degree. C., followed by oxidative
cleavage, for example by means of hydrogen peroxide in the presence
of a base such as sodium hydroxide.
[0172] Further processes for the preparation of chroman-6-ols of
the formula II involve a cyclization of 3-hydroxypropyl-substituted
benzene derivative of the formula XV, which is substituted in the
benzene ring by two suitable groups G2 and G3 and can additionally
be substituted in the benzene ring and the propyl group by
substituents R4, to give a chroman derivative of the formula XVI,
in which the group G3 is then converted into the hydroxy group
present in the compounds of the formula II.
##STR00020##
[0173] The groups Ar and R4 in the compounds of the formulae XV and
XVI are defined as in the compounds of the formula I, and
additionally can functional groups be present in protected form or
in the form of a precursor group which is subsequently converted
into the final group. The group G2 in the compounds of the formula
XV can be a hydroxy group or a nucleophilically substitutable
leaving group, for example fluorine. The group G3 in the compounds
of the formulae XV and XVI can be bromine or
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- such as methoxy, for example. In case
G3 is bromine, the conversion of the group G3 in the compound of
the formula XVI into the hydroxy group in the compound of the
formula II can be performed as described above for the conversion
of the compounds of the formula XIV into the compounds of the
formula II. In case G3 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, the
conversion into the hydroxy group can be performed according to
standard procedures for ether cleavage, for example by treatment
with boron tribromide in a chlorinated hydrocarbon such as
dichloromethane at temperatures from about -20.degree. C. to about
10.degree. C. in the case of a methoxy group. In case the group G2
is a hydroxy group, the cyclization of the compound of the formula
XV to the compound of the formula XVI can conveniently be performed
under the conditions of Mitsunobu reaction by treatment with a
phosphine such as triphenylphosphine or tributylphosphine and an
azodicarboxylic acid derivative such as diethyl azodicarboxylate or
diisopropyl azodicarboxylate in a solvent such as an ether like THF
or dioxane at temperatures from about 0.degree. to about 30.degree.
C. In case the benzene ring carrying G2 in the compound of the
formula XV is susceptible to a nucleophilic aromatic substitution
and G2 is a leaving group such as fluorine, the cyclization can be
performed by treatment of the compound of the formula XV with a
base which enhances the nucleophilicity of the hydroxy group in
position 3 of the propyl group, for example an alkali metal amide
or an alkali metal hydride like sodium hydride, in an inert solvent
such as an ether like THF or dioxane or an amide like DMF or NMP at
temperatures from about -20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C.
[0174] By cyclization of compounds of the formula XV also
individual stereoisomeric forms of the compounds of the formula XVI
and II, and finally of compounds of the formula I, can be
conveniently be prepared in which the chiral carbon atom in
position 2 of the chroman ring system is present either in R
configuration or in S configuration. For the synthesis of such
individual stereoisomers, which can otherwise be obtained, for
example, by chromatographic resolution on a chiral phase of a
mixture of the stereoisomers of the final compounds of the formula
I or at any stage of the synthesis, the individual stereoisomeric
forms of the 3-hydroxypropyl-substituted benzene of the formula XV
are employed, i.e. the compounds of the formula XVa. Depending on
the cyclization reaction and the conditions chosen, the cyclization
can proceed with retention or inversion of the configuration of the
chiral carbon atom to give the individual stereoisomeric forms of
the compounds of the formula XVI, i.e. the compounds of the formula
XVIa, which can be reacted further to the individual stereoisomeric
forms compounds of the formulae II and I. In the compounds of the
formulae XVa and XVIa are the groups Ar, R4, G2 and G3 defined as
in the compounds of the formula XV and XVI, respectively, and the
depicted chiral carbon atom is present, or is essentially present,
either in R configuration or in S configuration, as is indicated by
the wavy wedge.
##STR00021##
[0175] One embodiment of the present invention thus relates to a
process for the preparation of a compound of the formula I,
##STR00022##
which comprises cyclizing a compound of the formula XV to a
compound of the formula XVI, converting the compound of the formula
XVI into a compound of the formula II, reacting the compound of the
formula II with a compound of the formula III to give a compound of
the formula IV, and converting the compound of the formula IV into
a compound of the formula I, wherein the groups Ar, R3 and R4 in
the compounds of the formulae II, III, IV, XV and XVI are defined
as in the compounds of the formula I, and additionally can
functional groups be present in protected form or in the form of a
precursor group which is subsequently converted into the final
group, the group G2 in the compound of the formula XV is a hydroxy
group or a nucleophilically substitutable leaving group, for
example fluorine, the group G3 in the compounds of the formulae XV
and XVI is bromine or (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, and the group Y
in the compounds of the formulae III and IV is R50-O--C(O)--,
H--C(O)-- or NC--, wherein R50 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl.
[0176] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the
process described afore, in which the chiral carbon atom carrying
the group Ar in the compounds of the formulae II, IV, XV and XVI is
present, or is essentially present, in uniform configuration,
either in R configuration or in S configuration, i.e. to a process
for the preparation of a compound of the formula Iq,
##STR00023##
which comprises cyclizing a compound of the formula XVa to a
compound of the formula XVIa, converting the compound of the
formula XVIVa into a compound of the formula IIa, reacting the
compound of the formula IIa with a compound of the formula III to
give a compound of the formula IVd, and converting the compound of
the formula IVd into a compound of the formula Iq, wherein the
groups Ar, R2, R3 and R4 in the compounds of the formulae Iq, IIa,
III, IVd, XVa and XVIa are defined as in the compounds of the
formula I, and additionally can functional groups be present in
protected form or in the form of a precursor group which is
subsequently converted into the final group, the group G2 in the
compound of the formula XVa is a hydroxy group or a
nucleophilically substitutable leaving group, for example fluorine,
the group G3 in the compounds of the formulae XVa and XVIa is
bromine or (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O--, and the group Y in the
compounds of the formulae III and IVd is R50-O--C(O)--, H--C(O)--
or NC--, wherein R50 is (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, wherein the chiral
carbon atom carrying the group Ar in the compounds of the formulae
Iq, IIa, IVd, XVa and XVIa is present, or is essentially present,
in uniform configuration, either in R configuration or in S
configuration.
[0177] The compounds of the formula XV, including the
stereoisomeric forms of the formula XVa, which are employed in the
cyclization reaction to the compounds of the formulae XVI and XVIa
described above, can be obtained according to, or analogously to,
various processes which are described in the literature. For
example, a 3-oxo-propionic acid ester of the formula XVII can be
alkylated with a benzyl halide of the formula XVIII to give a
3-oxo-propyl-substituted benzene derivative of the formula XIX, in
which the ketone group is then reduced to the alcohol group to give
a compound of the formula XV.
##STR00024##
[0178] The groups Ar and R4 in the compounds of the formulae XVII,
XVIII and XIX are defined as in the compounds of the formula I, and
additionally can functional groups be present in protected form or
in the form of a precursor group which is subsequently converted
into the final group. In the preparation of compounds of the
formula XV according to this process, the group G2 in the compounds
of the formulae XVIII and XIX is in particular a nucleophilically
substitutable leaving group, for example fluorine, and the group G3
in the compounds of the formulae XVIII and XIX in particular is
bromine. The group R51 in the compounds of the formula XVII is
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl, for example methyl or ethyl. The group X3
in the compounds of the formula XVIII is a nucleophilically
substitutable leaving group, for example chlorine or bromine. The
reaction of the compounds of the formulae XVII and XVIII to give
the compounds of the formula XIX is performed in an inert solvent
such as an ether like THF, dioxane or DME in the presence of base
such as an alkali metal alkoxide or an alkali metal hydride, for
example sodium hydride, at temperatures from about 0.degree. C. to
about 50.degree. C. By treatment of the obtained benzylated
3-oxo-propionic acid ester with an acid, for example hydrochloric
acid in an aqueous solvent such as an ether like dioxane or an acid
like acetic acid or a mixture of solvents at temperatures from
about 60.degree. C. to about 120.degree. C. the ester moiety is
then saponified and decarboxylated to give the ketone of the
formula XIX. For the reduction of the ketone moiety in the
compounds of the formula XIX to the compounds of the formula XV,
various reducing agents can be employed, for example complex metal
hydride such as sodium borohydride or lithium borohydride in a
solvent such as an ether or an alcohol. In an asymmetric reduction
reaction, by employing a chiral reducing agent, for example an
enantiomeric form of a chiral complex metal hydride or a chiral
borane, such as an alpha-pinene-based organoborane like
B-chloro-diisopinocampheylborane, which is commonly abbreviated as
(-)-Ipc.sub.2BCl or (-)-DipCl, and (+)-Ipc.sub.2BCl or (+)-DipCl,
respectively, in an inert solvent such as an ether like THF or
dioxane at temperatures from about -40.degree. C. to about
30.degree. C., conveniently the individual stereoisomeric forms of
the compounds of the formula XV can be obtained, i.e. compounds of
the formula XVa, which can be cyclized to the enantiomeric forms of
the compounds of the formula XVI, i.e. the compounds of the formula
XVIa, as described above.
[0179] In another process for the preparation of compounds of the
formula XV, an indan-1-one of the formula XX is subjected to a ring
enlargement to give a chroman-2-one of the formula XXI, in which
the lactone moiety can be reduced to an aldehyde moiety which is
present in the form of the cyclic hemiacetal of the formula XXII
and which can be reacted with a suitable organometal compound of
the formula XXIII.
##STR00025##
[0180] The groups Ar and R4 in the compounds of the formulae XX,
XXI, XXII and XXIII are defined as in the compounds of the formula
I, and additionally can functional groups be present in protected
form or in the form of a precursor group which is subsequently
converted into the final group. In the preparation of compounds of
the formula XV according to this process, the group G3 in the
compounds of the formulae XX, XXI and XXII is in particular a
(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkyl-O-- group. The group M in the compounds of
the formula XXIII is a metal or a metal equivalent, for example
lithium. The conversion of the compound of the formula XX into the
compound of the formula XXI can be performed by treatment with a
peracid such as 3-chloro-perbenzoic acid in a solvent such as a
chlorinated hydrocarbon like dichloromethane at temperatures from
about -10.degree. C. to about 30.degree. C. For the reduction of
the lactone moiety in the compound of the formula XXI to the masked
aldehyde moiety in the compound of the formula XXII, a complex
metal reducing agent can be used, such as diisobutylaluminum
hydride, in a solvent such as a hydrocarbon like cyclohexane or
toluene or a chlorinated hydrocarbon like dichloromethane or an
ether like THF or dioxane, or a mixture of solvents, at
temperatures from about -80.degree. C. to about 30.degree. C. For
the subsequent step, the compound of the formula XXIII is generally
prepared in situ from a suitable respective benzene or aromatic
heterocycle or halogen-substituted benzene or halogen-substituted
aromatic heterocycle by metalation, for example with an
organolithium compound like butyllithium or a lithium amide like
lithium diisopropylamide or lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide,
and reacted with the compound of the formula XXII in an inert
solvent such as a hydrocarbon like heptane or cyclohexane or an
ether like THF or a mixture of solvents at temperatures from about
-80.degree. C. to about 30.degree. C.
[0181] As already indicated, it can be advantageous or necessary in
all reactions which are carried out in the course of the
preparation of the compounds of the formula I to temporarily
protect functional groups or have them initially present in the
form of precursor groups, and later deprotect them or convert them
into the desired groups. Appropriate synthesis strategies and
protective groups and precursor groups which are suitable for the
respective case, are known to the person skilled in the art and can
be found in P. G. M. Wuts and T. W. Greene, Greene's Protective
Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4. ed. (2007), John Wiley & Sons,
for example. Examples of protective groups which may be mentioned,
are benzyl protective groups, for example benzyl ethers of hydroxy
compounds and benzyl esters of carboxylic acids, from which the
benzyl group can be removed by catalytic hydrogenation in the
presence of a palladium catalyst, tert-butyl protective groups, for
example tert-butyl esters of carboxylic acids, from which the
tert-butyl group can be removed by treatment with trifluoroacetic
acid, acyl protective groups, for example ester and amides of
hydroxy compounds and amino compounds, which can be cleaved again
by acidic or basic hydrolysis, or alkoxycarbonyl protective groups,
for example tert-butoxycarbonyl derivatives of amino compounds,
which can be cleaved again by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid.
Examples of precursors which may be mentioned are halogen atoms
which can be replaced by many other groups, or nitro groups which
can be converted, for example by catalytic hydrogenation, into
amino groups which can be diazotized and converted into a large
number of groups.
[0182] The starting materials employed in the procedures outlined
above are commercially available or can be prepared according to
procedures, or in analogy to procedures, described in the
literature. Procedures for the preparation of 2-chloro-thiazole
derivatives of the formula III, for example, are described in U.S.
Pat. No. 4,168,380, WO 01/17995 or I. Sawhney et al., J. Chem. Soc.
Perkin Trans. 1 (1990), 329-331, for example.
[0183] As is usual and applies to all reactions performed in the
course of the synthesis of a compound of the formula I, appropriate
details of the conditions applied in a specific preparation
process, including the solvent, a base or acid, the temperature,
the order of addition, the molar ratios and other parameters, are
routinely chosen by the skilled person in view of the
characteristics of the starting compounds and the target compound
and the other particularities of the specific case. As is also
known by the skilled person, not all processes described herein
will in the same way be suitable for the preparation of all
compounds of the formula I and their intermediates, and adaptations
have to be made. In all processes for the preparation of the
compounds of the formula I, workup of the reaction mixture and the
purification of the product is performed according to customary
methods known to the skilled person which include, for example,
quenching of a reaction mixture with water, adjustment of a certain
pH, precipitation, extraction, drying, concentration,
crystallization, distillation and chromatography. Also for the
characterization of the product, customary methods are used such as
NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy.
[0184] Another subject of the present invention are the novel
starting compounds and intermediates occurring in the synthesis of
the compounds of the formula I, including the compounds of the
formulae II, III, IV, IVa, IVb, IVc, IVd, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X,
XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVa, XVI, XVIa, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX, XXI,
XXII and XXIII, wherein the groups Ar, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R50,
R51, G1, G2, G3, M, X1, X2, X3 and Y are defined as above, in any
of their stereoisomeric forms or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms
in any ratio, and their salts, and their use as synthetic
intermediates or starting compounds. All general explanations,
specifications of embodiments and definitions of numbers and groups
given above with respect to the compounds of the formula I apply
correspondingly to the said intermediates and starting compounds. A
subject of the invention are in particular the novel specific
starting compounds and intermediates described herein.
Independently thereof whether they are described as a free compound
and/or as a specific salt, they are a subject of the invention both
in the form of the free compounds and in the form of their salts,
and if a specific salt is described, additionally in the form of
this specific salt.
[0185] The compounds of the formula I inhibit the sodium-calcium
exchanger (NCX), especially the sodium-calcium exchanger of subtype
1 (NCX1), as can be demonstrated in the pharmacological tests
described below and in other pharmacological tests which are known
to a person skilled in the art, for example in animal models in
which the effect on heart function can be determined ex vivo or in
vivo. The compounds of the formula I and their pharmaceutically
acceptable salts therefore are valuable pharmaceutical active
compounds. The compounds of the formula I and their
pharmaceutically active salts can be used for the treatment of
heart failure, including acute and chronic congestive heart
failure, systolic heart failure, diastolic heart failure, heart
failure with preserved ejection fraction and diabetic heart
failure, cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation, stroke,
dementia including Alzheimer's Disease, hypertension, cardiac
ischemia, renal failure, shock including hemodynamic shock,
cardiogenic shock and septic shock, age-related disorders, and
diseases which are caused secondarily by an NCX-related damage, for
example. The treatment of diseases is to be understood as meaning
both the therapy of existing pathological changes or malfunctions
of the organism or of existing symptoms with the aim of relief,
alleviation or cure, and the prophylaxis or prevention of
pathological changes or malfunctions of the organism or of symptoms
in humans or animals which are susceptible thereto and are in need
of such a prophylaxis or prevention, with the aim of a prevention
or suppression of their occurrence or of an attenuation in the case
of their occurrence. For example, in patients who on account of
their disease history are susceptible to cardiac arrhythmias, by
means of the prophylactic or preventive medicinal treatment the
occurrence or re-occurrence of arrhythmias can be prevented or
their extent and sequelae decreased. The treatment of diseases can
occur both in acute cases and in chronic cases. The compounds of
the formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can
further be used in various disorders in order to achieve an
improvement of the perfusion of heart, brain and kidney, and in
general in disorders in which intracellular calcium homeostasis is
disturbed, or the NCX is activated in an undesired manner, or an
inhibition of the NCX is intended by the physician for improving
the patient's condition, where the compounds of the formula I and
their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can also be employed in
cases where only a certain partial inhibition of the NCX is
intended, for example by use of a low dosage.
[0186] The compounds of the formula I and their pharmaceutically
acceptable salts can therefore be used in animals, in particular in
mammals and specifically in humans, as a pharmaceutical or
medicament on their own, in mixtures with one another, or in the
form of pharmaceutical compositions. A subject of the present
invention also are the compounds of the formula I and their
pharmaceutically acceptable salts for use as a pharmaceutical. A
subject of the present invention also are pharmaceutical
compositions and medicaments which comprise at least one compound
of the formula I and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
as an active ingredient, in an effective dose for the desired use,
and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, i.e. one or more
pharmaceutically innocuous, or nonhazardous, vehicles and/or
excipients, and optionally one or more other pharmaceutical active
compounds. A subject of the present invention also are the
compounds of the formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable
salts for use as an anti-arrhythmic. A subject of the present
invention also are the compounds of the formula I and their
pharmaceutically acceptable salts for use in the treatment of the
diseases mentioned above or below, including the treatment of any
one of the mentioned diseases, for example heart failure, cardiac
arrhythmias, stroke, dementia, hypertension, cardiac ischemia,
renal failure, shock, age-related disorders or diseases which are
caused secondarily by an NCX-related damage, wherein treatment of
diseases comprises their therapy and prophylaxis as mentioned
above, or for use an inhibitor of the NCX. A subject of the present
invention also are the use of the compounds of the formula I and
their pharmaceutically acceptable salts for the manufacture of a
medicament for the treatment of the diseases mentioned above or
below, including the treatment of any one of the mentioned
diseases, for example heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke,
dementia, hypertension, cardiac ischemia, renal failure, shock,
age-related disorders or diseases which are caused secondarily by
an NCX-related damages, wherein treatment of diseases comprises
their therapy and prophylaxis as mentioned above, or a medicament
for inhibition of the NCX. A subject of the present invention also
are methods for the treatment of the diseases mentioned above or
below, including the treatment of any one of the mentioned
diseases, for example heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke,
dementia, hypertension, cardiac ischemia, renal failure, shock,
age-related disorders or diseases which are caused secondarily by
an NCX-related damage, wherein treatment of diseases comprises
their therapy and prophylaxis as mentioned above, and a method for
inhibiting the NCX, which comprise administering an efficacious
amount of at least one compound of the formula I and/or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a human or an animal
which is in need thereof. The compounds of the formula I and their
pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions
and medicaments comprising them, can be administered enterally, for
example by oral or rectal administration, parenterally, for example
by intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous injection or
infusion, or by another type of administration such as topical,
percutaneous, transcutaneous, nasal, pharyngeal or inhalative
administration, the preferred form of administration depending on
the particulars of the specific case. The compounds of the formula
I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can also be used in
combination with other pharmaceutical active compounds.
[0187] The pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments according to
the invention normally contain from about 0.5 to about 90 percent
by weight of a compound or compounds of the formula I or
pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an amount of active
ingredient of the formula I and/or its pharmaceutically acceptable
salt which in general is from about 0.1 mg to about 1 g, in
particular from about 0.2 mg to about 500 mg, for example from
about 1 mg to about 300 mg, per dose unit. Depending on the kind of
the pharmaceutical composition and other particulars of the
specific case, the amount may deviate from the indicated ones. The
production of the pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments can
be carried out in a manner known per se and familiar to the person
skilled in the art. For this, the compounds of the formula I and/or
their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are mixed together with one
or more solid or liquid vehicles and/or excipients, if desired also
in combination with one or more other pharmaceutical active
compounds, and brought into a suitable form for dosage and
administration, which can then be used in human medicine or
veterinary medicine.
[0188] As vehicles, which may also be looked upon as diluents or
solvents or bulking agents, and excipients suitable organic and
inorganic substances can be used which do not react in an undesired
manner with the compounds of the formula I. As examples of types of
excipients, or additives, which can be contained in the
pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments, lubricants,
preservatives, gel formers, thickeners, stabilizers, disintegrants,
wetting agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifoaming agents,
salts, buffer substances, colorants, flavorings and antioxidants
may be mentioned. Examples of vehicles and excipients are water,
physiological saline, vegetable oils such as sunflower oil, animal
oils such as fish liver oil, waxes, alcohols such as ethanol,
isopropanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol, polyols, polyethylene
glycols, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gelatin, gum arabic, cellulose,
carbohydrates such as glucose, lactose or starch like corn starch,
magnesium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium chloride, stearic
acid and its salts such as magnesium stearate, talc, lanolin,
petroleum jelly, or mixtures thereof, for example mixtures of water
or saline with one or more organic solvents such as mixtures of
water with alcohols.
[0189] For oral and rectal use, pharmaceutical forms such as, for
example, tablets, coated tablets, sugar-coated tablets, granules,
hard and soft gelatin capsules, suppositories, solutions, including
oily, alcoholic or aqueous solutions, or drops, furthermore
suspensions or emulsions, can be used. For parenteral use, for
example by injection or infusion, pharmaceutical forms such as
solutions, for example aqueous solutions, can be used. For topical
use, pharmaceutical forms such as ointments, creams, pastes,
lotions, gels, sprays, foams, aerosols, solutions or powders can be
used. Pharmaceutical formulations such as, for example, aerosols
and sprays may comprise solutions, suspensions or emulsions of the
active ingredient in a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, such as
ethanol or water, or a mixture of such solvents. The formulation
may also comprise other pharmaceutical excipients such as
surfactants, emulsifiers and stabilizers, and a propellant gas.
Such a pharmaceutical form normally comprises the active ingredient
in a concentration of about 0.1 to about 10%, in particular of
about 0.3 to about 3% by weight.
[0190] As usual, the dosage of the compounds of the formula I and
the frequency of administration depend on the circumstances of the
specific case and is adjusted by the physician according to the
customary rules and procedures. It depends, for example, on the
compound of the formula I administered and its potency and duration
of action, on the nature and severity of the individual syndrome,
on the gender, age, weight and the individual responsiveness of the
human or animal to be treated, on whether the treatment is acute or
chronic or prophylactic, or on whether further pharmaceutical
active compounds are administered in addition to a compound of the
formula I. Normally, in the case of administration to an adult
weighing about 75 kg, a dose from about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg per
kg per day, in particular from about 1 mg to about 10 mg per kg per
day (in each case in mg per kg of body weight), is sufficient. The
daily dose can be administered in the form of a single dose or
divided into a number of individual doses, for example two, three
or four individual doses. The administration can also be carried
out continuously, for example by continuous injection or infusion.
Depending on the individual behavior in a specific case, it may be
necessary to deviate upward or downward from the indicated
dosages.
[0191] Besides as a pharmaceutical active compound in human
medicine and veterinary medicine, the compounds of the formula I
can also be employed as an aid in biochemical investigations or as
a scientific tool or for diagnostic purposes, for example in in
vitro diagnoses of biological samples, if an inhibition of the NCX
is intended. The compounds of the formula I and their salts can
also be used as intermediates for the preparation of further
pharmaceutical active substances.
[0192] The following examples illustrate the invention.
[0193] When example compounds containing a basic group were
purified by preparative high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)
on reversed phase (RP) column material and, as customary, the
eluent was a gradient mixture of water and acetonitrile containing
trifluoroacetic acid, they were in part obtained in the form of
their acid addition salts with trifluoroacetic acid, depending on
the details of the workup such as evaporation or lyophilization
conditions. In the names of the example compounds and the
structural formulae such contained trifluoroacetic acid is not
specified.
[0194] The prepared compounds were in general characterized by
spectroscopic data and chromatographic data, in particular mass
spectra (MS) and HPLC retention times (Rt; in min) which were
obtained by combined analytical HPLC/MS characterization (LC/MS),
and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Unless specified
otherwise, .sup.1H-NMR spectra were recorded at 500 MHz in
D.sub.6-DMSO as solvent at 298 K. In the NMR characterization, the
chemical shift .delta. (in ppm), the number of hydrogen atoms (H)
and the multiplicity (s: singlet, d: doublet, dd: double doublet,
t: triplet, m: multiplet; br: broad) of the peaks as determined on
printouts are given. In the MS characterization, in general the
mass number (m/z) of the peak of the molecular ion [M], e.g.
[M.sup.+], or of a related ion such as the ion [M+1], e.g.
[(M+1).sup.+], i.e. the protonated molecular ion [(M+H).sup.+]
([MH.sup.+]), or the ion [M-1], e.g. [(M-1).sup.-], i.e. the
deprotonated molecular ion [(M-H).sup.-], which was formed
depending on the ionization method used, is given. Generally, the
ionization method was electrospray ionization (ESI.sup.+). The UV
wavelength for HPLC detection generally was 220 nm. The particulars
of the LC/MS methods used are as follows. "ACN" means acetonitrile,
"TFA" means trifluoroacetic acid, and "FA" means "formic acid.
Method A
[0195] Column: Waters XBridge C18, 3.5 .mu.m, 3.times.100 mm;
temperature: 55.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05% TFA
(trifluoroacetic acid); eluent B: ACN (acetonitrile)+0.05% TFA;
flow rate: 1 ml/min; gradient: from 5% of B to 95% of B in 5
min.
Method B
[0196] Column: WatersXBridge C18, 2.5 .mu.m, 4.6.times.50 mm;
temperature: 50.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05% TFA; eluent B:
ACN+0.05% TFA; flow rate: 1.7 ml/min; gradient: 5% B for 0.2 min,
then to 95% of B in 2.2 min, then 95% of B for 1.1 min, then to 5%
of B in 0.1 min, then 5% of B for 0.9 min.
Method C
[0197] Column: Atlantis T3 C18, 3 .mu.m, 3.times.100 mm;
temperature: 55.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05% TFA; eluent B:
ACN+0.05% TFA; flow rate: 1 ml/min; gradient: from 5 of B to 95% of
B in 5 min.
Method D
[0198] Column: Acquity BEH C18, 1.7 .mu.m, 2.1.times.50 mm;
temperature: 40.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05% TFA; eluent B:
ACN+0.035% TFA; flow rate: 1.0 ml/min; gradient: from 2% of B to
100% of B in 1.6 min, then 100% of B for 0.5 min, then to 2% of B
in 0.4 min, then 2% of B for 0.5 min.
Method E
[0199] Column: Merck Chromolith FastGrad RP-18e, 1.6 .mu.m,
2.times.50 mm; temperature: 50.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05%
TFA; eluent B: ACN+0.05% TFA; flow rate: 2.0 ml/min; gradient: 2%
of B for 0.2 min, then to 98% of B in 2.2 min, then 98% of B for
0.8 min, then to 2% of B in 0.1 min, then 2% of B for 0.7 min.
Method F
[0200] Column: Kromasil C18, 3.5 .mu.m, 2.times.50 mm; temperature:
40.degree. C.; eluent A; 5 mM aqueous ammonium acetate solution+3%
of ACN; eluent B: ACN; flow rate: 0.8 ml/min; gradient: from 0% of
B to 100% of B in 5.5. min, 100% of B for 1.5 min, then to 0% of B
in 0.1 min, then 0% of B for 2.9 min.
Method G
[0201] Column: YMC-Pack Jsphere H80, 4 .mu.M, 2.1.times.33 mm;
temperature: room temperature; eluent A: water+0.05% TFA; eluent B:
ACN+0.05% TFA; flow rate: 1 ml/min; gradient: 2% of B for 1.0 min,
then to 95% of B in 4 min, then 95% of B for 1.25 min.
Method H
[0202] Column: Waters UPLC BEH C18, 1.7 .mu.m, 2.1.times.50 mm;
temperature: 55.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.1% FA; eluent B:
ACN+0.08% FA; flow rate: 0.9 ml/min; gradient: from 5% of B to 95%
of B in 1.1 min, then 95% of B for 0.6 min, then to 5% of B in 0.1
min, then 5% of B for 0.2 min.
Method I
[0203] Column: Waters BEH C18, 1.7 .mu.m, 2.1.times.50 mm;
temperature: 50.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.1% FA; eluent B:
ACN+0.1% FA; gradient: from 5% of B to 6% of B in 0.05 min, then to
100% of B in 2.45 min.
Method J
[0204] Column: Waters XBridge C18, 2.5 .mu.m, 4.6.times.50 mm;
temperature: 45.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.1% FA; eluent B:
ACN+0.1% FA; flow rate: 1.3 ml/min; gradient: from 3% of B to 60%
of B in 3.5 min, then to 98% of B in 0.5 min, then 98% of B for 1
min, then to 3% of B in 0.2 min, then 3% of B for 1.3 min.
Method K
[0205] Column: Waters UPLC BEH C18 2, 1.7 .mu.m, 1.times.50 mm;
temperature: 55.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05% FA; eluent B:
ACN+0.035% FA; flow rate: 0.9 ml/min; gradient: from 5% of B to 95%
of B in 1.1 min, then 95% of B for 0.6 min, then to 5% of B in 0.1
min, then 5% of B for 0.2 min.
Method L
[0206] Column: YMC-Pack Jsphere H80, 4 .mu.m, 2.1.times.33 mm;
temperature: room temperature; eluent A: water+0.05% TFA; flow
rate: 1 ml/min; eluent B: methanol+0.05% TFA; gradient: 2% of B for
1 min, then to 95% of B in 4 min, then 95% of B for 1.25 min.
Method M
[0207] Column: Acquity BEH C18, 1.7 .mu.m, 2.1.times.50 mm;
temperature: 40.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05% FA; eluent B:
ACN+0.035% FA; flow rate: 1.0 ml/min; gradient: from 2% of B to
100% of B in 1.6 min, then 100% of B for 0.5 min, then to 2% of B
in 0.4 min, then 2% of B for 0.5 min.
Method N
[0208] Column: Waters UPLC BEH C18, 1.7 .mu.m, 2.1.times.50 mm;
temperature: 55.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.05% FA; eluent B:
ACN+0.035% FA; flow rate: 0.9 ml/min; gradient: from 5% of B to 95%
of B in 1.1 min, then 95% of B for 0.6 min, then to 5% of B in 0.2
min; then 5% of B for 0.1 min.
Method O
[0209] Column: Waters BEH Shield RP18, 1.7. .mu.m, 2.1.times.50 mm;
temperature: 50.degree. C.; eluent A: water+0.1% of FA; eluent B:
ACN+0.1% of FA; flow rate: 0.8 ml/min; gradient: from 5% of B to 6%
of B in 0.05 min, then to 100% of B in 2.45 min.
EXEMPLARY SYNTHESIS EXAMPLES
Example A
(E)-1-(2,5-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-propenone
and 2-(5-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-hydroxy-chroman-4-one
##STR00026##
[0211] 2,5-Dihydroxy-acetophenone (3.4 g, 22.4 mmol),
5-fluoro-pyridine-3-carbaldehyde (3.1 g, 24.6 mmol, 1.1 eq) and
ammonium acetate (2.2 g, 29.1 mmol, 1.3 eq) were suspended in
acetic acid (100%, 70 ml) and heated to reflux for 8 h. The
solution was allowed to reach room temperature. The volume of the
resulting suspension was reduced to half of the volume under
reduced pressure. The mixture was poured on ice water and
neutralized with caution using sodium carbonate. The aqueous layer
was washed with ethyl acetate and the remaining precipitate
filtered. Solid
(E)-1-(2,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-propenone
(2.4 g, 42%) was obtained as a brownish solid and used in the
cyclization reaction without further purification. The remaining
aqueous solution was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined
organic layers dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, the solvent
removed under reduced pressure and the resulting solid digested
with few dichloromethane.
2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-hydroxy-chroman-4-one was obtained as a
brown solid (2.3 g, 39%) and used in the next step without further
purification.
[0212]
(E)-1-(2,5-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-propenone
(2.4 g, 9.3 mmol) was suspended in methanol (55 ml) and potassium
fluoride (2.7 g, 46.3 mmol, 5 eq) and diisopropylethylamine (1.2 g,
9.3 mmol, 1 eq) were added. The mixture was heated to reflux for 8
h and afterwards allowed to reach room temperature. The solvent was
removed under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was suspended
in water and washed with ethyl acetate. The mixture was filtered
and the layers separated. The organic layer was washed with water,
dried with sodium sulfate, filtered, the solvent removed under
reduced pressure and the resulting solid digested with few
dichloromethane. 2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-hydroxy-chroman-4-one
was obtained as a brown solid (2.1 g, 88%) and used in the next
step without further purification.
[0213] According to the described procedure, also the following
chromanones were synthesized: [0214]
2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-6-hydroxy-chroman-4-one [0215]
6-Hydroxy-2-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-4-one [0216]
6-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-4-one [0217]
2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-6-hydroxy-chroman-4-one [0218]
6-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-4-one
Example B
(E)-1-(5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-o-tolyl-propenone and
6-bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman-4-one
##STR00027##
[0220] To a solution of o-tolylaldehyde (4.1 g, 33.7 mmol, 1.1 eq)
and 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-acetophenone (6.9 g, 32.1 mmol) at room
temperature in ethanol (100 ml) powdered potassium hydroxide (5.2
g, 93 mmol, 5 eq) was added and the suspension was stirred at
50.degree. C. for 3 h while a red solution formed. The solution was
allowed to reach room temperature and poured on ice. The aqueous
mixture was adjusted to pH<7 using aqueous hydrochloric acid.
The resulting yellow suspension was stirred till a yellow solid
formed, and the precipitate filtered, washed with water and dried.
The yellow (E)-1-(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-o-tolyl-propenone
(9.6 g, 94%) was used in the cyclization reaction without further
purification.
[0221] To a solution of
(E)-1-(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-o-tolyl-propenone (9.6 g, 30.3
mmol) in ethanol (130 ml) concentrated aqueous hydrochloric acid
was added (1.5 ml). The solution was heated to reflux for 5 h.
Afterwards the solution was cooled to room temperature and the
solvents was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting red
6-bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman-4-one (9.5 g, 100%) was used in the next
step without further purification.
[0222] According to the described procedure, also the following
chromanones were synthesized: [0223]
2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-6-hydroxy-chroman-4-one [0224]
6-Bromo-2-(3-isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one [0225]
6-Bromo-2-(2-ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-4-one [0226]
6-Hydroxy-2-thiophen-3-yl-chroman-4-one [0227]
2-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-6-hydroxy-chroman-4-one [0228]
6-Bromo-2-(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-4-one [0229]
6-Hydroxy-2-(4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman-4-one [0230]
6-Bromo-2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-4-one [0231]
6-Hydroxy-2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-4-one
Example C
6-Bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman-4-ol and 6-bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman
##STR00028##
[0233] To a solution of 6-bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman-4-one (11.0 g,
34.7 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (100 ml) at room temperature a
solution of borane tetrahydrofuran adduct (1M in tetrahydrofuran,
86.7 ml, 2.5 eq) was added dropwise. The solution was heated to
reflux for 1 h, cooled to room temperature and added with caution
to a mixture of ice water and 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The
aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane, and the combined
organic layers washed with water, dried with sodium sulfate and
filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure.
6-Bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman-4-ol was obtained as a yellow oil (11.1
g, 100%) and used in the reduction to the chroman without further
purification.
[0234] To a solution of 6-bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman-4-ol (11.9 g,
37.3 mmol) in dichloromethane (130 ml) at 0.degree. C.
triethylsilane (29.6 g, 255 mmol, 6.8 eq) and trifluoroacetic acid
(75 ml, 27 eq) were added. The solution was stirred at room
temperature for 2.5 h. The solvent was removed under reduced
pressure and the residue separated between water and ethyl acetate.
The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined
organic layers washed with water and saturated aqueous solution of
sodium hydrogencarbonate, dried with sodium sulfate and filtered,
and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The crude product
was purified by column chromatography (silica gel; ethyl
acetate/heptane gradient). 6-Bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman was obtained
as a pale yellow oil (7.10 g, 63%).
[0235] According to the described procedure, also the following
chroman derivatives were synthesized: [0236]
2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol [0237]
6-Bromo-2-(3-isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman [0238]
6-Bromo-2-(2-ethyl-phenyl)-chroman [0239]
2-(6-Methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-ol [0240]
2-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol [0241]
6-Bromo-2-(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman [0242]
6-Bromo-2-(4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman [0243]
6-Bromo-2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman [0244]
2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-ol [0245]
2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-ol [0246] 2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-ol
[0247] 2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-ol [0248]
7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-ol [0249]
2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol [0250]
3-Methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-6-ol
Example D
(S)-6-Bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman
##STR00029##
[0251] a) 3-(5-Bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-o-tolyl-propan-1-one
[0252] Sodium hydride (60% in oil, 2.1 g, 52 mmol) and methyl
3-oxo-3-o-tolylpropanoate (10 g, 52 mmol) were suspended in
tetrahydrofuran and 4-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)-1-fluoro-benzene (15.3
g, 57 mmol) was added. After complete conversion, the mixture was
quenched with ice and a saturated solution of ammonium chloride and
extracted with n-heptane. The combined organic layers were washed
once with a saturated solution of ammonium chloride, water and
brine. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and
evaporated to dryness. The obtained yellow oil was dissolved in 25
ml of acetic acid, 25 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 20
ml of 1,4-dioxane and heated under reflux for 4 h until LC/MS
showed consumption of the starting material. 50 ml of water and 100
ml of tert-butyl methyl ether were added and the product was
extracted. The combined organic layers were washed once with
saturated solution of ammonium chloride, water and brine. The
organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to
dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica
gel, heptane/ethyl acetate gradient) to give 11.2 g of
3-(5-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-o-tolyl-propan-1-one as a colorless
oil.
b) (S)-3-(5-Bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-o-tolyl-propan-1-ol
[0253] 1 3-(5-Bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-o-tolyl-propan-1-one (14 g,
43.6 mmol) was diluted with 20 ml of dry tetrahydrofuran and added
dropwise to a solution of (-)-B-chloro-diisopinocampheyl-borane
((-)-DipCl, 27.96 g, 87.2 mmol) in 100 ml of dry tetrahydrofuran
while maintaining the temperature between -30 and -25.degree. C.
After 6 h, LC/MS showed complete conversion of the starting
material. The cold mixture was quenched with 10 ml of methanol and
10 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate and allowed to come to room
temperature. The solvents were removed in vacuum and the obtained
yellow oil was dissolved in 200 ml of ethyl acetate and a saturated
solution of ammonium chloride. The phases were separated and the
organic layer was washed once with 50 ml of brine, dried over
magnesium sulfate and evaporates to give 45 g of a yellow oil. This
oil was purified by column chromatography (silica gel,
heptane/ethyl acetate gradient) to give 11.2 g of
(S)-3-(5-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-o-tolyl-propan-1-ol as a
colorless oil.
[0254] Ratio of enantiomers (HPLC; column: Chiralcel OJ-H,
250.times.4.6 mm; eluent heptane/ethyl acetate/methanol 20:1:1):
(S):(R)=99.4:0.6
c) (S)-6-Bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman
[0255] 3-(5-Bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-o-tolyl-propan-1-ol (10.5 g)
was dissolved in 10 ml of dry N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one, and the
solution was added dropwise to a suspension of sodium hydride (60%
in oil, 1.56 g, 39 mmol) in 20 ml of dry N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one
at 60.degree. C. After complete addition the mixture was stirred at
60.degree. C. to reach complete consumption of the starting
material after 12 h. Then the mixture was quenched on ice and a
saturated solution of ammonium chloride and extracted with
n-heptane. The combined organic layers were washed once with a
saturated solution of ammonium chloride, water and brine. The
organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to
give 12 g of a clear oil. This oil was purified by column
chromatography (silica gel, heptane/ethyl acetate gradient) to give
7.7 g of (S)-6-bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman as a colorless oil.
Example E
2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-ol
##STR00030##
[0257] To a solution of 6-bromo-2-o-tolyl-chroman (1 g, 3.3 mmol)
in tetrahydrofuran (3 ml) at -78.degree. C. n-butyllithium (2.2 M
in cyclohexan, 1.8 ml, 1.2 eq) was slowly added and the mixture
kept at -78.degree. C. for 30 min. Triisopropyl borate (1.9 g, 2.3
ml, 9.9 mmol, 3 eq) was added and stirring was continued at the
same temperature for 1 h. The cold solution was poured in a
solution of ethanol (1.1 ml), water (3.0 ml) and aqueous sodium
hydroxide (8 M, 1.6 ml). To this solution hydrogen peroxide
(aqueous 35%, 0.9 ml, 3.1 eq) was slowly added while the
temperature was kept <30.degree. C. Stirring at room temperature
was continued for 15 min, the suspension was cooled to 00.degree.
C. and adjusted to pH<7 using aqueous hydrochloric acid. To the
resulting solution a saturated aqueous solution of sodium sulfite
(4 ml) was added and the aqueous layer extracted with ethyl
acetate. The combined organic layers were dried with sodium sulfate
and filtered, and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The
crude product was purified by column chromatography (silica gel;
ethyl acetate/heptane gradient). 2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-ol was
obtained as a pale yellow solid (480 mg, 60%).
[0258] According to the described procedure, also the following
chromanols were synthesized: [0259]
2-(3-Isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol [0260]
2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol [0261] (S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-ol
[0262] 2-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol [0263]
2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol [0264]
2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-ol
Example F
2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-ol
##STR00031##
[0265] a) 6-Methoxy-chroman-2-one
[0266] To a solution of 5-methoxy-indan-1-one (4.2 g, 25.9 mmol) in
240 ml of dichloromethane cooled in an ice bath was added sodium
hydrogencarbonate (4.35 g, 51.8 mmol). 3-Chloro-perbenzoic acid
(11.61 g, 51.8 mmol) was added portionwise, and the reaction
mixture was stirred at 0.degree. C. for 2 h and at room temperature
overnight. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with
dichloromethane. The filtrate was washed with saturated solution of
sodium hydrogencarbonate and dried with sodium sulfate. After
evaporation of the solvent, 6-methoxy-chroman-2-one (3.68 g, 80%)
was obtained as an orange oil which was used without further
purification.
b) 6-Methoxy-chroman-2-ol
[0267] A solution of 6-methoxy-chroman-2-one (3.66 g, 20.53 mmol)
in 300 ml of dichloromethane was cooled to -70.degree. C., and a
solution of diisobutylaluminium hydride (40 ml of a 1M solution in
toluene, 40 mmol) was added dropwise. The solution was stirred at
-70.degree. C. for 2 h, and then ethyl acetate (10 ml) was added.
After stirring for 15 min, 200 ml of a saturated solution of
Rochelle salt was added dropwise, and the mixture was warmed to
room temperature. 200 ml of ethyl acetate were added, and the
mixture was stirred vigorously for 2 h and then decanted. The
organic layer was washed with water and brine and dried with sodium
sulfate, and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The crude
product was purified by chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate
in cyclohexane) to afford 2.90 g of white crystals (78%).
c) 2-(3-Hydroxy-3-pyrazin-2-yl-propyl)-4-methoxy-phenol
[0268] A solution of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine (8.5 ml, 50.4
mmol) in 200 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was cooled to
-30.degree. C., n-butyllithium (20 ml of a 2.5 M solution in
hexane, 50 mmol) was added dropwise, and the mixture stirred for 30
min at 0.degree. C. After cooling at -70.degree. C., a solution of
pyrazine (4.0 g, 49.9 mmol) in 50 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran
was added dropwise. After 10 min at -70.degree. C.,
6-methoxy-chroman-2-ol (1.8 g, 10.0 mmol) was added and stirring
was continued at -70.degree. C. for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was
quenched with 20 ml of water and hydrochloric acid added until pH
5-6 was reached. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the organic
layer was washed with water and brine, dried with sodium sulfate
and concentrated. The obtained crude orange oil (960 mg) was used
without further purification.
d) 2-(6-Methoxy-chroman-2-yl)-pyrazine
[0269] Diethyl azodicarboxylate (0.87 ml, 5.53 mmol) was added
dropwise at room temperature to a mixture of
2-(3-hydroxy-3-pyrazin-2-yl-propyl)-4-methoxy-phenol (960 mg, 3.69
mmol) and triphenylphosphine (1.45 g, 5.53 mmol) in 20 ml of
tetrahydrofuran. After stirring at 20.degree. C. for 1 h, the
reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by chromatography on
silica gel (ethyl acetate in cyclohexane).
2-(6-Methoxy-chroman-2-yl)-pyrazine was obtained as white crystals
(665 mg, 74%).
e) 2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-ol
[0270] A solution of 2-(6-methoxy-chroman-2-yl)-pyrazine (663 mg,
2.74 mmol) in 50 ml of anhydrous dichloromethane was cooled to
-10.degree. C., and a solution of boron tribromide (9.6 ml of 1M
solution in dichloromethane, 9.6 mmol) was added dropwise. After
stirring at 0.degree. C. for 1 h, 1 ml of boron tribromide solution
was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0.degree. C. for
1.5 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by slow addition of water,
and after 10 min neutralized by addition of a sodium
hydrogencarbonate solution. After decantation and extraction with
dichloromethane, the organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate
and concentrated in vacuo. After chromatography on silica gel
(methanol in dichloromethane), 2-pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-ol was
obtained as a yellow powder (625 mg, 100%).
Example G
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester
##STR00032##
[0272] A suspension of 2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-ol (2.5 g, 10.4 mmol),
methyl 2-chloro-thiazole-5-carboxylate (1.9 g, 10.6 mmol, 1.02 eq)
and potassium carbonate (1.9 g, 1.3 eq) in dimethylformamide (30
ml) was stirred at 50.degree. C. for 10 h. The suspension was
cooled to room temperature and diluted with water. The aqueous
layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic
layers washed with water, dried with sodium sulfate and filtered,
and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude
product was purified by column chromatography (silica gel; ethyl
acetate/heptane gradient). The product was obtained as a pale
yellow solid (3.87 g, 98%).
[0273] According to the described procedure, also the following
2-(chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole derivatives were synthesized: [0274]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester [0275]
4-Chloro-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0276]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonitrile [0277]
4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0278]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbaldehyde [0279]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-4-trifluoromethyl-thiazole-5-carboxyl-
ic acid methyl ester [0280]
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0281]
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carbonitrile
[0282]
2-[2-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0283]
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0284]
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0285]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0286]
2-[2-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0287]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0288]
2-[2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0289]
2-(2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0290]
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0291]
2-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0292]
2-(2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0293]
2-[2-(6-Methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0294]
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonitrile [0295]
2-[2-(3-Isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0296]
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl
ester [0297]
2-((S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester [0298]
2-[2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid methyl ester [0299]
2-(7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester [0300]
2-(3-Methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
methyl ester
Example H
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroma n-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
##STR00033##
[0302] To a solution of
2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl
ester (300 mg, 0.8 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (5.5 ml) and methanol
(1.0 ml) at room temperature a solution of lithium hydroxide (18.9
mg, 1.0 eq) in water (1.0 ml) was added and the mixture stirred for
3 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the
resulting residue dissolved in water and lyophilized. The obtained
white 2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
lithium salt (100% yield) was used in the formation of
2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid amides
without further purification. For the preparation of the free acid,
the crude lithium salt was dissolved in water and the resulting
solution acidified with aqueous hydrochloric acid. The resulting
suspension was filtered and the precipitate washed with water. The
obtained 2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
was dried under reduced pressure. It can be used in the next step
without further purification as described for the lithium salt.
[0303] According to the described procedure, also the following
2-(chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazolecarboxylic acids in the form of the
free acid or its lithium salt were synthesized: [0304]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid [0305]
4-Chloro-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[0306] 4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0307]
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-4-trifluoromethyl-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0308]
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[0309]
2-[2-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carbox-
ylic acid [0310]
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[0311] 2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0312]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0313]
2-[2-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0314]
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxyli-
c acid [0315]
2-[2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[0316] 2-(2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0317]
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0318]
2-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxyli-
c acid [0319]
2-(2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[0320]
2-[2-(3-Isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0321] 2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4-carboxylic
acid [0322] 2-((S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0323]
2-[2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid [0324]
2-(7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
[0325] 2-(3-Methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
acid
Example J
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide
##STR00034##
[0327] To a solution of
2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid lithium
salt (100 mg, 0.27 mmol) in dimethylformamide (2 ml)
1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (72 mg,
0.38 mmol, 1.4 eq), 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole (51 mg, 0.38 mmol, 1.4
eq) and N-methylmorpholine (68 mg, 0.67 mmol, 2.5 eq) were added
and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 min.
Ethanolamine (25 mg, 0.40 mmol, 1.5 eq) was added and stirring was
continued for 16 h. The mixture was diluted with water and the
aqueous layer extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic
layers were washed with a diluted aqueous solution of sodium
carbonate and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and filtered, and
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product
was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, ethyl
acetate/methanol gradient). The desired compound was obtained as a
white powder (43 mg, 39%).
Example K
[2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]amine
##STR00035##
[0329] To a solution of
2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonitrile (2.3 g, 6.6
mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (100 ml) an aqueous suspension of Raney
nickel (approximately 500 mg) was added and the resulting
suspension was vigorously stirred under an hydrogen atmosphere
(atmospheric pressure) for 1 h (TLC control) at 45.degree. C. The
suspension was filtered through a celite plug and the filter cake
washed with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium
sulfate and filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced
pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography
(silica gel, ethyl acetate/methanol gradient).
[2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]amine was
obtained as pale yellow oil (834 mg, 36%).
Example L
Isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide
##STR00036##
[0331] To a solution of
[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]amine (150 mg,
0.43 mmol) in DMF (2 ml),
1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (114
mg, 0.60 mmol, 1.4 eq), 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole (81 mg, 0.60 mmol,
1.4 eq) and N-methylmorpholine (107 mg, 1.07 mmol, 2.5 eq) and
isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid (72 mg, 0.64 mmol, 1.5 eq) were added.
The mixture was stirred for 16 h, then diluted with water, and the
aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined
organic layers were washed with a diluted aqueous solution of
sodium carbonate and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and filtered,
and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude
product was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, ethyl
acetate/methanol gradient). Isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide (112 mg,
59%) was obtained as a white solid.
Example M
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-pyridin-4-ylmethyl-amine
##STR00037##
[0333] To a suspension of
2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbaldehyde (54 mg, 0.13
mmol) and pyridin-4-yl-methylamine (17 mg, 0.16 mmol, 1.2 eq) in
tetrahydrofuran (3 ml) and acetic acid (0.5 ml) at 0.degree. C.
sodium cyanoborohydride (polymer bond, 2.19 mM/g, 137 mg, 0.30
mmol, 2.3 eq) was added and the mixture stirred at 40.degree. C.
for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered, the volatile
components removed under reduced pressure and the remaining residue
purified by reversed phase HPLC (water/acetonitrile gradient (+0.1%
trifluoroacetic acid)) to give 30 mg (42%) of
[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-pyridin-4-ylme-
thyl-amine in the form of its salt with trifluoroacetic acid.
Example N
1,3,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid
[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide
##STR00038##
[0335] 33 mg of 1,3,5-trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid
chloride (0.16 mmol, 1.2 eq) were weighted into a reaction tube and
dissolved in dry tetrahydrofuran (1 ml). 44 mg of
[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]amine (0.13 mmol)
in dry tetrahydrofuran (3 ml) and 30 mg triethylamine (0.3 mmol,
2.3 eq) were added, the tube was flushed with argon, closed with a
screw cap, and shaken over night at 40.degree. C. 0.008 ml of
tris-(2-aminoethyl)amine in 0.5 ml tetrahydrofuran were added, the
mixture was shaken for 2 h at room temperature and then evaporated.
The residue was dissolved in 2 ml of a mixture of
dimethylformamide/trifluoroacetic acid (19:1), filtered, and
submitted to preparative reversed phase HPLC purification
(water/acetonitrile gradient (+0.1% trifluoroacetic acid)).
1,3,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid
[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide was
obtained as a white solid (42 mg, 63%).
Example O
Phosphoric acid
mono-(2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-e-
thyl) ester disodium salt
##STR00039##
[0336] a) Phosphoric acid dibenzyl ester
2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-ethyl
ester
[0337] To a suspension of
2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide (1 g, 2.44 mmol) and tetrazole (222 mg,
3.17 mmol, 1.3 eq) in dichloromethane (14 ml) and acetonitrile (14
ml) at 0.degree. C., dibenzyl-N,N-diisopropylphophoramidite (1.01
g, 2.92 mmol, 1.2 eq) was added and the mixture stirred at
0.degree. C. for 70 min. To the resulting solution
3-chloro-perbenzoic acid (65%, 776 mg, 2.92 mmol, 1.2 eq) was added
in one portion and vigorous stirring at 0.degree. C. was continued
for 10 min. The mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and the
organic layer washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium
hydrogencarbonate and subsequently with a saturated aqueous
solution of ammonium chloride. The combined organic layers were
dried over sodium sulfate and filtered, and the solvent removed
under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column
chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate). Phosphoric acid
dibenzyl ester
2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-ethyl
ester was obtained as a colorless oil (1.30 g, 80%).
b) Phosphoric acid
mono-(2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-e-
thyl) ester disodium salt
[0338] Phosphoric acid dibenzyl ester
2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-ethyl
ester (1.3 g, 1.95 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (40 ml) and
palladium on charcoal was added (10% Pd, 54% water, 1.3 g). The
suspension was vigorously stirred under a hydrogen atmosphere. The
mixture was filtered and the filter cake rinsed with methanol. The
filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting
crude product submitted to preparative reversed phase HPLC
purification (water/acetonitrile gradient (+0.1% trifluoroacetic
acid)). The obtained phosphoric acid
mono-(2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-e-
thyl) ester was suspended in water and converted into the disodium
salt by addition of 2 equivalents of an aqueous 0.5 N sodium
hydroxide solution. The obtained aqueous solution was lyophilized
to yield phosphoric acid
mono-(2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-e-
thyl) ester disodium salt as a white solid (460 mg, 44%).
[0339] In analogy to the procedures described above in the
synthesis examples, the example compounds of the formula I listed
in Table 1 were prepared. In Table 1, "Ex. no." means the number of
the example compound; "LC/MS" means the LC/MS method described
above which was used in the HPLC and MS characterization of the
example compound; "MS" means the mass number (in amu) of the peak
of the molecular ion or a related ion such as M+1 in the mass
spectrum, in the case of a salt of the parent compound, i.e. the
free acid or base; "Rt" means the HPLC retention time (in minutes);
and "NCX1rv IC.sub.50" means the IC.sub.50 value for inhibition of
NCX1 in reverse mode determined in the assay for inhibition of
Ca.sup.2+ influx into cells (reverse mode) described below (in
.mu.M (micromol/liter)).
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Example compounds of the formula I Ex. LC/
NCX1rv no. Compound name MS MS Rt IC.sub.50 1
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic A 461 4.97 0.3
acid (1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-amide 2
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic B 474.21 2.15
0.3 acid (6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3-
ylmethyl)-amide 3
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic C 461.29 5.02
0.4 acid (2-ethyl-2H-pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide 4
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic B 444.17 2.11
0.3 acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 5
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic B 447.17 2.4 0.4
acid (2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide 6
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic C 458.27 4.02
0.4 acid (1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl)-amide 7
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic B 478.14 2.29
0.3 acid [2-(4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl)-ethyl]-amide 8
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic C 475.23 4.9 0.8
acid [1-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-amide 9
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic B 458.18 2.13
0.8 acid (2-methyl-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 10
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic B 474.14 2.38
0.6 acid (2-methoxy-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 11
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic D 459 1.13 0.4
acid (2-amino-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 12
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- D 477 1.14 0.2
carboxylic acid (2-amino-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 13
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- D 476 1.14 0.3
carboxylic acid (1-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl)-amide hydrochloride 14
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic C 461.33 4.75
0.3 acid (1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-amide 15
N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- D 444 1.16 0.1
ylmethyl]-nicotinamide hydrochloride 16
N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- D 458 1.08 0.1
ylmethyl]-2-pyridin-3-yl-acetamide hydrochloride 17
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- D 502 1.2 0.2
carboxylic acid ([1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3- ylmethyl)-amide
hydrochloride 18
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- D 462 1.13 0.2
carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride 19
N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- D 458 1.09 0.1
ylmethyl]-2-pyridin-2-yl-acetamide hydrochloride 20
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- D 492 1.15 0.2
carboxylic acid (6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-
c][1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride 21
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic C 459.69 4.64
0.1 acid (2-methyl-pyrimidin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 22
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 502.15 1.86
0.4 acid [(S)-1-(6-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-propyl]-amide 23
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 475.17 1.73
0.8 acid [1-(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-amide 24
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 434.12 1.77
0.1 acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 25
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 513.17 1.6 0.4
acid (2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 26
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 527.21 1.61
0.3 acid methyl-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)- amide 27
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 502.17 1.86
0.3 acid [(R)-1-(6-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-propyl]-amide 28
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 529.19 1.57
0.2 acid (2-morpholin-4-yl-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 29
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic E 487.17 1.57
0.1 acid (2-dimethylamino-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 30
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-4-trifluoromethyl- F 512 1.21 0.3
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)- amide
hydrochloride 31 2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
G 475.31 3.15 1.0 acid
[1-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-amide 32
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic G 445.27 3.4 0.6
acid (pyrimidin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 33
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic G 473.26 3.54
0.2 acid (4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-amide 34
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic G 476.27 3.82
0.2 acid [2-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-amide 35
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic G 484.27 3.27
0.6 acid ([1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-amide 36
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- D 444 1.12 0.1
carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 37
2-((R)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- C 444.35 3.89 0.2
carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 38
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic G 490.26 3.95
0.3 acid [3-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-propyl]-amide 39
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic G 478.21 3.89
0.3 acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 40
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 478.2 1.29 0.4
acid (3-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 41
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic G 483.25 3.05
5.0 acid (imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-amide 42
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 460.19 1.18
0.2 acid (2-hydroxy-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 43
N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- D 458 1.08 0.3
ylmethyl]-2-pyridin-4-yl-acetamide hydrochloride 44
N-{2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazol- D 462 1.17 0.2
5-ylmethyl}-nicotinamide hydrochloride 45
N-{2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazol- D 476 1.1 0.1
5-ylmethyl}-2-pyridin-3-yl-acetamide hydrochloride 46
N-{2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazol- D 476 1.1 0.2
5-ylmethyl}-2-pyridin-4-yl-acetamide hydrochloride 47
Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid [2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6- D 480 1.31 0.1
yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide hydrochloride 48
Isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl-chroman- C 434.67 5 0.1
6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 49
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- F 452 4.62 0.1
carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 50
1-Methyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2-phenyl- D 1.3 483 0.2
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide hydrochloride 51
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- D 479 1.28 0.2
carboxylic acid (1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4- ylmethyl)-amide 52
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic L 504.13 4.75
0.4 acid [(S)-1-(4-cyclopropyl-thiazol-2-yl)-ethyl]-amide 53
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic L 506.13 4.77
0.7 acid [(S)-1-(4-isopropyl-thiazol-2-yl)-ethyl]-amide 54
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic L 464.1 4.47 0.2
acid ((S)-1-thiazol-2-yl-ethyl)-amide 55
2-(5-Chloro-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- I 478 1.31 1.2
carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride 56
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- D 477 1.28 0.2
carboxylic acid (2-methyl-pyrimidin-4-ylmethyl)- amide
hydrochloride 57 C-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]- C
0.1 methylamine 58 2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- I
435 0.97 0.6 carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide
hydrochloride 59 4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-
C 458.31 3.99 0.1 carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide
hydrochloride 60 2-(2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- I
450 1.15 0.1 carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide
hydrochloride 61 2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic
D 458 1.11 0.2 acid (2-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl)-amide hydrochloride 62
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- D 461 1.29 0.3
carboxylic acid (1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4- ylmethyl)-amide 63
2-((R)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- D 461 1.29 0.6
carboxylic acid (1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4- ylmethyl)-amide 64
6-Methyl-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- H 458.42 1.27 1.3
5-ylmethyl]-nicotinamide 65 3,5-Dimethyl-isoxazole-4-carboxylic
acid [2-(2- H 462.41 1.33 0.2
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 66
2,5-Dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid [2-(2- H 461.44 1.33 0.6
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 67
1,3,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [2-(2- H 475.45 1.29
0.3 phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 68
2-Chloro-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- H 478.36 1.36 0.8
5-ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 69 4-Methyl-oxazole-5-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-phenyl- H 448.38 1.31 0.5
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 70
2-Ethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 461.43 1.34
0.3 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 71
1,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [2-(2- H 461.43 1.28 0.7
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 72
1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 461.42 1.29
0.3 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 73
2-Methyl-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 464.35 1.35 0.3
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 74
2-(3-Methyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman- H 461.45 1.3 0.3
6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 75
3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-2H-[1,2']bipyridinyl-4'-carboxylic H 527.12 1.3
9.8 acid [2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- ylmethyl]-amide
76 2-Methoxy-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- H 474.41 1.35
5.6 5-ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 77
2-(3,5-Dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-N-[2-(2-phenyl- H 476.42 1.31 0.4
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 78
2,4-Dimethyl-oxazole-5-carboxylic acid [2-(2- H 462.38 1.31 0.3
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 79
N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 444.38 1.27 0.2
ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 80
3-Chloro-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- H 478.34 1.32 0.2
5-ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 81
3-Fluoro-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 462.37 1.32
1.1 ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 82
2-Methyl-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- H 458.43 1.26 0.4
5-ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 83
2-Morpholin-4-yl-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 529.47 1.31 2.1
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 84
3-Methyl-isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 448.36 1.33
0.3 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 85
2-Amino-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 459.4 1.12
10.9 ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 86 2-Methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic
acid [2-(2- H 447.39 1.32 0.3
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 87
Pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl-chroman- H 445.39 1.27
0.4 6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 88
2-Hydroxy-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- H 460.32 1.23
5.0 5-ylmethyl]-isonicotinamide 89 Pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid
[2-(2-phenyl-chroman- H 445.4 1.31 0.2
6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 90
N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 461.44 1.28 0.6
ylmethyl]-3-pyrazol-1-yl-propionamide 91
2,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid [2-(2- H 473.44 1.36 5.3
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 92
N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 447.42 1.28 1.1
ylmethyl]-2-pyrazol-1-yl-acetamide 93
1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 461.44 1.33
0.5 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 94
3-(3,5-Dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-N-[2-(2-phenyl- H 490.46 1.31 0.9
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-propionamide 95
2-(2,5-Dioxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-phenyl- H 479.3 1.19 0.6
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 96
2-[2-(3-Isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 502.48 1.12 0.8
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)- amide 97
2-[2-(3-Isopropoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 534.35 1.39 1.2
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid [2-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-
4-yl)-ethyl]-amide 98 4-Methyl-2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- D
458 1.13 0.3 thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)- amide
hydrochloride 99
Butyl-methyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- J 409.34 4.99
0.7 5-ylmethyl]-amine 100
(2R,6S)-2,6-Dimethyl-4-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 437.34 1.19 1.0
yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-morpholine 101
Isobutyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 395.29 1.16 0.4
ylmethyl]-amine 102
1-Methyl-4-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 436.3 1.26
0.4 ylmethyl]-piperazin-2-one 103
Cyclopropyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol- H 379.26 1.13
0.2 5-ylmethyl]-amine 104
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-5-pyrrolidin-1- H 393.29 1.13 0.4
ylmethyl-thiazole 105
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 423.33 1.19
0.8 (1,2,2-trimethyl-propyl)-amine 106
(1-Ethyl-propyl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 409.3 1.17 0.5
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 107
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 421.24 1.39
0.2 (2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-amine 108
3-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 447.37 1.19 1.4
ylmethyl]-3-aza-bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane 109
4,4-Difluoro-1-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 443.28 1.28 0.7
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-piperidine 110
Cyclobutyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 393.28 1.14
0.2 ylmethyl]-amine 111
(3-Methyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 420.26 1.28 0.8
yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 112
(1,1-Dimethyl-propyl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 409.31 1.15 0.3
yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine
113 Isopropyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 381.27
1.13 0.3 ylmethyl]-amine 114
(2-Methoxy-ethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 397.28 1.13 0.2
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 115
(3-Methyl-butyl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 409.29 1.4 0.6
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 116
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 381.25 1.13
0.2 propyl-amine 117 4-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H
409.26 1.14 0.3 ylmethyl]-morpholine 118
tert-Butyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 395.26 1.13
0.4 ylmethyl]-amine 119
Dimethyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 367.23 1.11 0.4
ylmethyl]-amine 120
Cyclopropylmethyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 393.1 1.02 0.3
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 121
7-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- J 419.34 3.76 0.6
ylmethyl]-7-aza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 122
1-Methyl-4-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 422.33 1.14
0.8 ylmethyl]-piperazine 123
4-Methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazine-7- H 550.3 1.36 1.1
sulfonic acid [2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-
5-ylmethyl]-amide 124 2-Methyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid
[2-(2-phenyl- H 550.24 1.35 0.9
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 125
1,3,5-Trimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2- H 511.29 1.31
9.2 phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 126
2,4-Dimethyl-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 514.25 1.34
0.6 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 127
2,3-Dimethyl-3H-imidazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2- H 497.3 1.22 1.1
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 128
2-Methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-sulfonic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 483.26 1.32
0.3 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 129
1-Methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 483.24 1.29
0.9 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 130
1-Isopropyl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid [2- H 525.31 1.35
0.7 (2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- amide 131
3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2- H 497.24 1.27 23.8
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 132
1-Ethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H 497.27 1.31 0.3
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 133
1,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2- H 497.26 1.3 0.4
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 134
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 430.29 1.1 0.2
pyridin-4-ylmethyl-amine 135
(5-Methyl-pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 445.32 1.13 0.5
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 136
[2-(3-Methyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-ethyl]-[2-(2-phenyl- H 447.33 1.16 0.5
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 137
(1,3-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 447.33 1.12
0.4 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 138
(1,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 447.33 1.12
0.3 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 139
(1-Ethyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl)-[2-(2- H 461.36 1.13 0.5
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 140
(5-Methyl-isoxazol-3-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 434.3 1.15 0.2
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 141
(2,5-Dimethyl-2H-pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 447.33 1.13
0.4 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 142
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 447.36 1.13
0.3 (3-pyrazol-1-yl-propyl)-amine 143
(4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 459.35 1.15 0.5
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 144
(6,7-Dihydro-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-3- H 491.33 1.11 0.8
ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- ylmethyl]-amine
145 (2-Morpholin-4-yl-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- J 515.32
3.7 0.9 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 146
(2-Methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 433.32 1.12 0.2
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 147
(1,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 447.35 1.14
0.3 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 148
[1-(1,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-[2-(2- H 461.36 1.12 0.4
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 149
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 433.32 1.14
0.3 (2-pyrazol-1-yl-ethyl)-amine 150
[2-(3,5-Dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-ethyl]-[2-(2-phenyl- H 461.37 1.17
0.8 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 151
[2-(4-Methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-ethyl]-[2-(2-phenyl- H 464.32 1.16 0.4
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 152
(3,5-Dimethyl-isoxazol-4-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 448.31 1.14 0.3
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 153
[3-(3,5-Dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-propyl]-[2-(2-phenyl- H 476.36 1.15
0.5 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 154
4-({[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 446.3 1.08 0.3
ylmethyl]-amino}-methyl)-pyridin-2-ol 155
4-({[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 445.31 1.04 0.4
ylmethyl]-amino}-methyl)-pyridin-2-ylamine 156
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 470.34 1.15
0.4 [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-ylmethyl-amine 157
5-({[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 455.3 1.16 0.2
ylmethyl]-amino}-methyl)-pyridine-2-carbonitrile 158
Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-6-ylmethyl-[2-(2-phenyl- H 475.29 1.14 0.3
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 159
Isoxazol-5-ylmethyl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 420.28 1.15
0.1 thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 160
(3-Methyl-isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 434.3 1.16 0.2
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 161
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- H 431.29 1.12
0.3 pyrimidin-4-ylmethyl-amine 162
(2-Morpholin-4-yl-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 515.4 1.13
0.4 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 163
1,2-Dimethyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonic acid [2-(2- H 497.3 1.26 0.4
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 164
2-(3-Methyl-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2- H 493.26 1.25 0.7
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]- acetamide 165
2-(2-Oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 464.26 1.25
0.5 yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 166
4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- M 448 1.31 0.3
carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 167
4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- M 492 1.39 0.5
carboxylic acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride
168 4-Methyl-2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- C 448.29 5.14 0.2
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide 169
4-Methyl-2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- M 472 1.01 0.3
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl)- amide
hydrochloride 170 4-Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-
M 472 1.02 0.3 carboxylic acid (2-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl)-amide
hydrochloride 171 2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- C
434.27 5.05 0.1 carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 172
2-((R)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- M 434 1.28 0.4
carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 173
2-[2-(3-Hydroxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole- H 492.32 1.22
2.3 5-carboxylic acid [2-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)- ethyl]-amide
174 2-[2-(3-Hydroxy-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole- H 460.24
1.07 0.8 5-carboxylic acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride
175 2-((R)-3-Hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-phenyl- H 466.16 0.99
0.4 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 176
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 490.16 1.26
0.4 acid [2-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-ethyl]-amide 177
4-Chloro-2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- D 0.3 carboxylic
acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride 178
4-Methyl-2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- D 0.4
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4- ylmethyl)-amide
hydrochloride 179
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 458.07 1.08
0.5 acid (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 180
(S)-2-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole- H 453.26 1.36
0.2 5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid ethyl ester 181
{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 425.22 1.31 0.2
carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid methyl ester 182
2-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 453.25 1.35 0.6
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid methyl ester 183
(S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 481.34 1.41
1.2 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid methyl ester 184
(R)-2-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole- H 439.25 1.34
0.4 5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid methyl ester 185
(S)-1-[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 465.11 1.24
0.5 carbonyl]-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester 186
(S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 481.35 1.42
0.7 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-butyric acid ethyl ester 187
1-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 479.31 1.38 0.6
carbonyl]-amino}-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid methyl ester 188
1-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 465.31 1.35 0.6
carbonyl]-amino}-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester 189
(1R,2S)-2-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 507.38 1.43 0.6
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester
190 {Methyl-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole- H 425.26
1.27 0.9 5-carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid 191
(S)-2-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole- H 425.26 1.28
0.6 5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid 192
{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 411.25 1.25 0.5
carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid 193
2-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 439.12 1.18 0.6
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid 194
(R)-2-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole- H 425.12 1.16
0.7 5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid 195
1-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 465.12 1.21 0.7
carbonyl]-amino}-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid 196
(S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 467.17 1.24
0.5 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid 197
(S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 453.14 1.21
0.6 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-butyric acid 198
{4-[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 480.16 1.05 1.3
carbonyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-acetic acid 199
1-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 437.1 1.16 1.0
carbonyl]-amino}-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 200
(1R,2S)-2-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 479.16 1.23 0.4
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 201
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 473.26 1.33 0.3
carboxylic acid ((S)-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-ethyl)- amide 202
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 439.13 1.12 0.2
carboxylic acid ((1S,2S)-2-hydroxy-1- hydroxymethyl-propyl)-amide
203 2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 439.28 1.32 0.4
carboxylic acid ((S)-1-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl- propyl)-amide 204
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 397.03 1.14 0.1
carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 205
((S)-2-Hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[2-((S)-2- H 437.27 1.3 0.3
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 206
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 451.29 1.32 0.3
carboxylic acid (1-cyclopropyl-3-hydroxy-propyl)- amide 207
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 465.14 1.25 0.5
carboxylic acid ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxy- cyclohexylmethyl)-amide 208
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 453.15 1.24 0.4
carboxylic acid ((1S,2S)-1-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl- butyl)-amide 209
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 453.29 1.35 0.3
carboxylic acid ((1R,2R)-1-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl- butyl)-amide 210
Isoxazol-5-ylmethyl-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6- O 420 1.17 0.1
yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amine 211
2-(2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- F 484 4.7 0.4
carboxylic acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride
212 2-(2-Thiophen-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- F 440 4.45 0.3
carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 213
(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman- F 436 4.4 0.8
6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone hydrochloride 214
Morpholin-4-yl-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- F 423 4.57 0.5
thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 215
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic L 492.2 4.7 1.0
acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 216
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic L 479.29 4.35
0.3 acid [2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]-amide 217
2-[2-(2,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- O 470 1.83 0.2
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide 218
2-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 529.09 1.31 2.5
yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid methyl ester 219
(S)-3-Phenyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 529.08 1.31
4.8 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid ethyl ester 220
(S)-3,3-Dimethyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 481.13 1.3 0.6
yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-butyric acid methyl ester 221
1-[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 533.04 1.27 0.3
carbonyl]-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic
acid methyl ester 222
(1R,2S,5S)-3-[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 477.09 1.25 0.9
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-3-aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2- carboxylic acid
methyl ester 223 (S)-4,4-Dimethyl-1-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6- H
493.25 1.41 1.3
yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl
ester 224 4-Methyl-1-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 479.22
1.37 0.3 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl
ester 225 3-Methyl-1-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 479.25
1.37 0.5 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl
ester 226 (2R,3S)-2-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl- H 511.29
1.38 0.7 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}- hexanoic
acid methyl ester 227 (3S,4S)-5-Cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-4-{[2-((S)-2-
H 579.33 1.46 30% phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]- (1)
amino}-pentanoic acid ethyl ester 228
(R)-4-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 523.32 1.48
46% thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid tert- (1) butyl
ester 229 (S)-4-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H
523.33 1.48 44% thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid tert-
(1) butyl ester 230 4-Methyl-2-({[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-
H 509.28 1.44 1.5 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-methyl)-pentanoic
acid ethyl ester 231
2,4-Dimethyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 495.27 1.44
1.5 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid methyl ester 232
2-[2-(6-Methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 449.21 0.88 1.5
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide 233
2-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 515.24 1.25 0.8
yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid 234
(S)-4,4-Dimethyl-1-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 479.21 1.22 1.0
yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 235
4-Methyl-1-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 465.21 1.18 0.5
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid 236
(2R,3S)-2-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl- H 497.25 1.21 1.6
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}- hexanoic acid 237
(R)-4-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 467.24 1.24
0.8 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid 238
4-Methyl-2-({[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 481.26 1.24 0.3
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-methyl)-pentanoic acid 239
3-Methyl-1-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 465.21 1.18 2.4
thiazole-5-carbonyl]-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid 240
(3S,4S)-5-Cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-4-{[2-((S)-2- H 551.28 1.27 1.1
phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]- amino}-pentanoic acid
241 (S)-4-Methyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 467.24
1.24 0.6 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid 242
2,4-Dimethyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 481.25 1.26
0.7 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid 243
1-[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 519.19 1.22 0.7
carbonyl]-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid 244
(S)-3-Phenyl-2-{[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 501.23 1.23
0.6 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid 245
{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 411.28 1.01 0.1
ylmethyl]-amino}-acetic acid methyl ester 246
{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 397.19 1.13 0.6
ylmethyl]-amino}-acetic acid 247
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 497.16 1.26 0.7
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4- ylmethyl)-amide 248
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 453.17 1.21 0.8
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide 249
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 398.2 0.95 1.4
carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 250
{[2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 426.19 1.03 1.2
carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid methyl ester 251
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 474.25 1.1 1.1
carboxylic acid ((S)-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-ethyl)- amide 252
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- J 452.22 2.95 3.2
carboxylic acid (1-cyclopropyl-3-hydroxy-propyl)- amide 253
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 416.18 1.14 0.6
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 254
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 450.39 1.14 0.4
carboxylic acid ((3S,4S)-4-methoxy-pyrrolidin-3-yl)- amide 255
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 434.21 1.14 0.3
carboxylic acid (3-aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl)-amide 256
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 408.2 1.12 0.3
carboxylic acid ((1S,2S)-2-amino-cyclopropyl)- amide 257
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 422.22 1.13 0.4
carboxylic acid (3-amino-cyclobutyl)-amide 258
2-{(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 427.25 1.08 0.2
yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amino}-ethanol 259
((S)-2-Hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[2-(2-pyridin- J 438.25 2.79
1.8 3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 260
{[2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 412.17 0.95 38%
(1) carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid 261
(2S,3S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6- H 482.26 1.22 3.1
yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid methyl ester 262
(S)-3-Phenyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 530.27 1.24
0.8 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid ethyl ester 263
(S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 482.26 1.22
25.2 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-butyric acid ethyl ester 264
(S)-3,3-Dimethyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6- J 482.25 3.84 3.1
yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-butyric acid methyl ester 265
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 423.2 0.87 7.3
carboxylic acid (3-amino-cyclobutyl)-amide hydrochloride 266
2-{[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 383.2 1.08 0.1
ylmethyl]-amino}-ethanol 267
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 409.17 0.86 0.6
carboxylic acid ((1S,2S)-2-amino-cyclopropyl)- amide hydrochloride
268 2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 435.18 0.88
2.5 carboxylic acid (3-aza-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl)-amide 269
2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 453.19 0.9 2.6
carboxylic acid ((3S,4S)-4-methoxy-pyrrolidin-3-yl)- amide
hydrochloride 270 (2S,3S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-
H 468.23 1.12 12.5 yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic
acid 271 (S)-3-Phenyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H
502.22 1.13 12.1 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid 272
(S)-3-Methyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 454.21 1.08
15.6 thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-butyric acid 273
(S)-3,3-Dimethyl-2-{[2-(2-pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6- H 467.89 1.13
10.1 yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-butyric acid 274
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- O 458 96 0.4
carboxylic acid (2-methyl-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride
275 (R)-2-{[2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole- H 440.22
1.08 3.1 5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid methyl ester 276
(S)-2-{[2-(2-Pyridin-3-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole- H 454.24 1.13
0.4 5-carbonyl]-amino}-propionic acid ethyl ester 277
2-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 469.13 1.26 2.0
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide
hydrochloride 278 2-[2-(6-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H
513.12 1.3 1.3 thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4-
ylmethyl)-amide hydrochloride 279
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 468.39 1.13 0.5
carboxylic acid (2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-amide 280
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 471.19 1.47 38% (1)
carboxylic acid (4-isopropyl-phenyl)-amide 281
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 395.16 1.36 0.6
carboxylic acid propylamide 282
(3,3-Dimethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-[2-((S)-2-phenyl- H 450.2 1.13 1.2
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 283
(3aS,6aS)-Hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrol-1-yl-[2- H 448.22 1.01 0.6
((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]- methanone
hydrochloride 284 2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H
408.2 1 0.2 carboxylic acid ((S)-2-amino-cyclopropyl)-amide
hydrochloride 285
((3R,4R)-4-Methyl-3-methylamino-piperidin-1-yl)-[2- H 464.26 1.02
0.9 ((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]- methanone
hydrochloride 286 (2-Dimethylaminomethyl-morpholin-4-yl)-[2-((S)-2-
J 480.2 3.53 1.5 phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone
287 2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 450.22 1.14 0.5
carboxylic acid (piperidin-2-ylmethyl)-amide 288
[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]- H 421.23 1.27 0.4
piperidin-1-yl-methanone 289
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 454.14 0.98 0.3
carboxylic acid (3-amino-propyl)-amide 290
(2,7-Diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-2-yl)-[2-((S)-2-phenyl- H 475.85 1 0.6
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 291
(2-Aminomethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[2-((S)-2-phenyl- H 436.21 1.14 0.4
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 292
(3-Amino-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman- H 422.18 1.11
0.3 6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 293
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 476.25 1.17 1.0
carboxylic acid ((1R,2R,3S,4S)-3-aminomethyl-
bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)-amide 294
{[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 425.1 1.31 0.2
carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid methyl ester 295
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 397.08 1.25
0.4 acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 296
3-(3,5-Dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-N-[2-((S)-2-phenyl- H 490.18 1.32
0.4 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-propionamide 297
N-[2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- H 503.21 1.26 1.1
ylmethyl]-3-(1,3,5-trimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)- propionamide 298
((R)-3-Hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[2-(2-phenyl- H 423.12 1.26 0.6
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 299
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 411.27 1.28
0.4 acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 300
((R)-3-Hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[2-(2-o-tolyl- H 437.17 1.3 0.2
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 301
2-[2-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 512.15 1.19 6.9
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide 302
2-Amino-N-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 396.13 1.12 0.4
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 303
(S)-2-Amino-N-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 410.15 1.14 0.3
thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-propionamide 304
(S)-2-Amino-3-phenyl-N-[2-((S)-2-phenyl-chroman- H 486.2 1.18 1.9
6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-propionamide 305
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 427.13 1.23
0.3 acid (2,3-dihydroxy-propyl)-amide 306
{[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 467.15 1.39 0.5
carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 307
{[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 453.16 1.37 0.2
carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid isopropyl ester 308
{[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 439.13 1.34 0.2
carbonyl]-amino}-acetic acid ethyl ester 309
2-(2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- O 436 1.32 4.7
carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 310
2-(2-Pyrazin-2-yl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- O 480 1.49 2.6
carboxylic acid (2-chloro-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-amide 311
2-{[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- J 383.2 3.33 0.1
ylmethyl]-amino}-ethanol 312
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 441.21 1.1 0.1
acid bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 313
(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6- H 436.2 1.13 0.4
yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 314
Morpholin-4-yl-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 423.16 1.33 0.1
thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 315
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic K 393.3 1.2 0.0
acid cyclopropylamide 316
[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]- H 421.18 1.4 0.5
piperidin-1-yl-methanone 317
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 409.18 1.4 0.1
acid butylamide 318
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic K 409.34 1.25
0.1 acid isobutyl-amide 319
2-{(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)- H 427.2 1.12
0.8 thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amino}-ethanol 320
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 395.15 1.37
0.3 acid isopropylamide 321
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 395.22 1.36
0.4 acid propylamide 322
2-[2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- H 493.23 1.31
1.1 carboxylic acid [2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]- amide 323
2-[2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- H 504.24 1.4 0.9
carboxylic acid [2-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)- ethyl]-amide
324 2-[2-(2-Ethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-thiazole-5- H 462.2 1.38
0.5 carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 325
2-((R)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- N 411.16 1.15 0.2
carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 326
2-((S)-2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- N 411.16 1.15 0.1
carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 327
2-(2-Oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6- K 478.21 1.16
0.5 yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 328
2-(2,5-Dioxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-N-[2-(2-o-tolyl- K 493.26 1.13 0.9
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-acetamide 329
Isoxazole-5-carboxylic acid [2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6- K 448.2 1.21
0.6 yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide 330
2-(2-o-Tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic K 409.27 1.25
0.3 acid propylamide 331
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- K 462.2 1.24 5.5
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide 332
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- K 423.27 1.27
10.0 carboxylic acid propylamide 333
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 493.2 1.28 0.6
carboxylic acid [2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]- amide 334
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 462.18 1.36
0.5 carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 335
4-Methyl-2-(2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- H 425.17 1.3 0.3
carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 336
((R)-3-Hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[4-methyl-2-(2-o- H 451.21 1.27 0.6
tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-yl]-methanone 337
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 425.15 1.29 7.6
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 338
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- K 409.21 1.26 8.7
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid dimethylamide 339
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic H 353.15 1.25
0.4 acid amide 340 (S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxy-N-[2-(2-phenyl-chroman-6-
H 426.16 1.09 0.9 yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-propionamide
hydrochloride 341 (S)-Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-(2-phenyl- H
436.19 1.11 0.9 chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5-ylmethyl]-amide
hydrochloride 342 2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]-
H 429.16 1.27 0.4 thiazole-5-carboxylic acid
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 343
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 427.2 1.38 0.5
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid propylamide 344
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 466.17 1.34 0.8
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)- amide 345
Phosphoric acid mono-(2-{[2-((S)-2-o-tolyl- J 491.19 4.36 0.07
chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carbonyl]-amino}-ethyl) ester disodium
salt 346 N-[2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazol-5- K 450.24 1 0.17
ylmethyl]-2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetamide hydrochloride 347
2-[2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 488.29 1.07 1.5
thiazole-5-carboxylic acid [2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-
yl)-ethyl]-amide 348
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 413.15 1.35
0.64 thiazole-5-carboxylic acid dimethylamide 349
2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- H 497.18 1.27
0.20 thiazole-5-carboxylic acid [2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-
yl)-ethyl]-amide 350 2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4- H
397.06 1.26 0.12 carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 351
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4- H 395.07 1.38 0.11
carboxylic acid propylamide 352
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4- K 465.08 1.26 0.21
carboxylic acid [2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-yl)-ethyl]- amide 353
2-((S)-2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-4- J 434.17 4.77 0.092
carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 354
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic K 411.22 1.14
0.16 acid (2-hydroxy-propyl)-amide 355
2-(2-Phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5-carboxylic K 437.29 1.17
0.25 acid (2-hydroxy-cyclopentyl)-amide 356
{2-[2-(5-Fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-chroman-6-yloxy]- K 455.08 1.29
0.54 thiazol-5-yl}-((R)-3-hydroxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl)- methanone 357
2-(7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- K 425.05 1.33
0.60 carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 358
2-(7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- K 462.15 1.24
0.83 carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 359
2-(7-Methyl-2-o-tolyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- K 487.24 1.25
1.5 carboxylic acid (2-ethyl-2H-pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)- amide 360
2-[2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6- K 445.05 1.25 1.8
yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)- amide 361
2-[2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6- K 482.06 1.31 9.6
yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5- ylmethyl)-amide 362
2-[2-(2-Fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6- K 509.09 1.32 1.5
yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-ethyl-2H-
pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide 363
2-(3-Methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- K 448.06 1.36 1.9
carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5-ylmethyl)-amide 364
2-(3-Methyl-2-phenyl-chroman-6-yloxy)-thiazole-5- K 411.06 1.3 0.96
carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide 365
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-2-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6- K 509.07 1.35 0.55
yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-ethyl-2H-
pyrazol-3-ylmethyl)-amide 366
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-2-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6- J 482.11 4.84 0.18
yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (isoxazol-5- ylmethyl)-amide 367
2-[2-(3-Fluoro-2-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-6- K 445.04 1.28 0.27
yloxy]-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)- amide (1)
Inhibition in % at 30 .mu.M; IC.sub.50 value not determined
[0340] Exemplary NMR data of example compounds.
Example 2
[0341] .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz): .delta. (ppm)=9.29 (t, 1H), 7.95 (s,
1H), 7.30-7.50 (m, 5H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.15 (dd, 1H), 6.95 (d, 1H),
5.18 (dd, 1H), 4.60 (d, 2H), 4.05 (t, 2H), 2.90-3.07 (m, 3H),
2.71-2.81 (m, 1H), 2.62-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.25 (m, 1H), 1.95-2.07
(m, 1H).
Example 14
[0342] .sup.1H-NMR: .delta. (ppm)=8.72 (t, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H),
7.30-7.48 (m, 5H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.14 (dd, 1H), 6.93
(d, 1H), 5.17 (dd, 1H), 4.19 (d, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 2.95-3.07 (m,
1H), 2.72-2.80 (m, 1H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.22 (m, 1H), 1.95-2.07
(m, 1H).
Example 39
[0343] .sup.1H-NMR: .delta. (ppm)=9.20 (t, 1H), 8.86 (d, 1H), 7.98
(s, 1H), 7.39-7.50 (m, 5H), 7.30-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.15
(dd, 1H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 5.15 (dd, 1H), 4.48 (d, 2H), 2.95-3.07 (m,
1H), 2.72-2.82 (m, 1H), 2.15-2.22 (m, 1H), 1.95-2.07 (m, 1H).
Example 125
[0344] .sup.1H-NMR: .delta. (ppm)=7.90 (t, 1H), 7.30-7.50 (m, 5H),
7.10 (s, 1H), 7.07-7.00 (m, 2H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 5.15 (dd, 1H), 4.05
(m, 2H), 3.65 (s, 3H), 2.95-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.73-2.82 (m, 1H), 2.33
(s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.25 (m, 1H), 1.95-2.08 (m, 1H).
Example 134
[0345] .sup.1H-NMR: .delta. (ppm)=9.60-9.25 (br s, 2H), 8.70-8.60
(m, 2H), 7.52-7.30 (m, 8H), 7.15 (s, 1H), 7.15-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.93
(d, 1H), 5.15 (dd, 1H), 4.38 (s, 2H), 4.22 (s, 2H), 3.05-2.95 (m,
1H), 2.80-2.70 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.15 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.95 (m, 1H).
Example 321
[0346] .sup.1H-NMR: .delta. (ppm)=8.49 (t, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H),
7.30-7.50 (m, 5H), 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.13 (dd, 1H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 5.18
(dd, 1H), 3.10-3.20 (m, 2H), 2.95-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.72-2.80 (m, 1H),
2.15-2.22 (m, 1H), 1.97-2.07 (m, 1H), 1.45-1.55 (m, 2H), 0.87 (t,
3H).
Example 326
[0347] .sup.1H-NMR: .delta. (ppm)=8.52 (t, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.43
(m, 1H), 7.19-7.28 (m, 4H), 7.13 (m, 1H), 6.91 (d, 1H), 5.29 (d,
1H), 4.75 (t, 1H), 3.45-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.22-3.30 (m, 2H), 3.03-3.10
(m, 1H), 2.80-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 2.12-2.20 (m, 1H),
1.89-1.99 (m, 1H).
Example 329
[0348] .sup.1H-NMR: .delta. (ppm)=9.6 (s, 1H), 8.74 (s, 1H),
7.35-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.00-7.30 (m, 7H), 6.82-6.95 (m, 1H), 5.20-5.33
(m, 1H), 4.40-4.55 (m, 2H), 2.95-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.70-2.86 (m, 1H),
2.35 (s, 3H), 2.10-2.20 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.00 (m, 1H).
Example 345
[0349] .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz, D.sub.2O): .delta. (ppm)=7.73 (s, 1H),
7.41-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.20-7.30 (m, 3H), 7.10-7.13 (m, 1H), 7.02-7.08
(m, 1H), 6.87 (d, 1H), 5.33 (dd, 1H), 3.77-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.40-3.48
(m, 2H), 2.95-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.75-2.85 (m, 1H), 2.30 (s, 3H),
2.10-2.20 (m, 1H), 1.97-2.10 (m, 1H).
PHARMACOLOGICAL EXAMPLES
A) Assay Method for Determining the NCX1 Inhibitory Activity
[0350] The sodium/calcium exchanger NCX1 can transport calcium ions
and sodium ions through the cell membrane. The transport is an
exchange of Ca.sup.2+ and N.sup.a in two directions depending on
membrane potential and ion gradients. At the first direction, named
"forward mode" or "calcium export mode", Ca.sup.2+ is transported
out of the cell and Na.sup.+ is transported into the cell. At the
other direction, named "reverse mode" or "calcium import mode", the
transport directions are vice versa. The effect of the compounds of
the invention on NCX1 was determined in CHO cells stably expressing
human NCX1 (gene symbol SLC8A1; cf. WO 2009/115238). The assay is
based on the monitoring of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations using
a calcium-sensitive fluorescence dye which is detected by means of
a FLIPR device (Fluorimetric Imaging Plate Reader, Molecular
Devices).
Assay Technology--Reverse Mode
[0351] The assay is based on the monitoring of intracellular
Ca.sup.2+ concentrations using the calcium-sensitive dye Fluo-4.
CHO cells expressing NCX1 were loaded with the dye by means of the
acetoxymethyl ester Fluo-4 AM (Invitrogen, F14202), which is
cleaved intracellularly by esterase activity to yield the charged
species of free Fluo-4. After an preincubation period with the test
compound, Gramicidine (Sigma, G5002) was added. Gramicidine is an
ionophor for Na.sup.+ ions mediating an increase of intracellular
Naf+ ions. Consequently, intracellular Na.sup.+ ions are exchanged
against extracellular Ca.sup.2+ ions (Ca.sup.2+ influx, reverse
mode). The intracellular elevation of Ca.sup.2+ ions was detected
by measuring the fluorescence of Fluo-4 at a wavelength of 520 nm
by a FLIPR device.
[0352] Briefly, for the reverse mode transport assay 18000 cells
per well were seeded into a 96 well microplate (Corning COSTAR
3904) and incubated overnight in culture medium (1.times. Nut Mix
F12 (Ham) (Gibco, 21765-029); 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum (PAA Gold,
A15-649); 450 .mu.g/ml Geneticin (Gibco, 10131-027)). A total
volume of 100 .mu.l medium per well was used. For the preparation
of the FLIPR assay, the culture medium was removed from the plates
and 100 .mu.l of dye solution (2 .mu.M Fluo-4 AM; 0.02% (v/v)
Pluronic F-127 (20%, Invitrogen, P3000MP); 0.1% (v/v) bovine
albumin solution (30% (v/v), Sigma, A9205) in assay buffer (133.8
mM NaCl (Sigma, S5886); 4.7 mM KCl (Sigma, P3911); 1.25 mM
MgCl.sub.2 (Merck, 1.05833.0250); 3.5 mM CaCl.sub.2 (Merck,
1.02083.0250); 5 mM glucose (Sigma, G7021); 10 mM Hepes (Sigma,
H4034); 0.01% (v/v) Pluronic F-127 (5%, Sigma, P2443); 2.5 mM
Probenecid (Maybridge, SB00915EB); pH 7.4)) were added into each
well. The plates were incubated in the dark at room temperature for
80 min. After the incubation period, the dye solution was removed
and the wells were washed with 100 .mu.l of assay buffer. Then 80
.mu.l of a solution of the test compound in assay buffer in
different concentrations were added into the wells. The plates were
incubated at 16.degree. C. for 45 min. Meanwhile a 60 .mu.M
solution of Gramicidine in assay buffer (4.degree. C.) was prepared
and stored in the wells of a 96 well microplate (96 well
microplate, polypropylene, U-shape (Greiner Bio-One, 650201)) at
4.degree. C. until measurement was started. The fluorescence
monitoring was performed at 240 measuring points with measurement
intervals of 2 sec. After the fifth measuring point, 40 .mu.l of
the Gramicidine solution were added to each well of the assay
plates to give a final Gramicidine concentration of 20 .mu.M. For
the determination of the IC.sub.50 values the minimal fluorescence
value was subtracted from the maximal fluorescence value for all
measuring points. The calculation of the IC.sub.50 values via the
percentage inhibitions of Ca.sup.2+ influx into cells (reverse
mode) effected by the test compound was performed in Biost@t Speed
2.0. Results obtained with compounds of the invention are given in
Table 1.
Assay Technology--Forward Mode
[0353] The assay is based on the monitoring of intracellular
Ca.sup.2+ concentrations using the PBX Calcium Assay Kit from BD
(Becton, Dickinson and Company) with calcium indicator dye
51-9000177BKa (BD, 640177). CHO cells expressing NCX1 were loaded
with the dye, and after a preincubation period with the test
compound, lonomycin (Calbiochem, 407950) was added. lonomycin is an
ionophor for Ca.sup.2+ ions mediating an increase of intracellular
Ca.sup.2+ ions. Consequently, intracellular Ca.sup.2+ ions are
exchanged against extracellular Na+ ions (Ca.sup.2+ efflux, forward
mode). The decrease of intracellular Ca.sup.2+ ions was detected by
measuring the fluorescence of the calcium indicator dye at a
wavelength of 520 nm by a FLIPR device.
[0354] Briefly, similarly as for the reverse mode, for the forward
mode transport assay 18000 cells per well were seeded into a 96
well microplate (Corning COSTAR 3904) and incubated overnight in
culture medium (cf. above). A total volume of 100 .mu.l medium per
well was used. For the preparation of the FLIPR assay, the culture
medium was removed from the plates and 100 .mu.l of assay buffer
(133.8 mM NaCl (Sigma, S5886); 4.7 mM KCl (Sigma, P3911); 1.25 mM
MgCl.sub.2 (Merck, 1.05833.0250); 3.5 mM CaCl.sub.2 (Merck,
1.02083.0250); 5 mM glucose (Sigma, G7021); 10 mM Hepes (Sigma,
H4034); pH 7.4)) were added to each well in a washing step. Assay
buffer was removed, and 100 .mu.l of a solution of the test
compound in assay buffer in different concentrations were added
into the wells. Further, 100 .mu.l of dye solution (0.09% (v/v)
calcium indicator dye, 9.1% (v/v) signal enhancer (from PBX Calcium
Assay Kit); in assay buffer) were added into each well. The plates
were incubated in the dark at room temperature for 60 min.
Meanwhile a 10 .mu.M solution of lonomycin in assay buffer
(additionally containing 0.05% fetal calf serum (cf. above);
4.degree. C.) was prepared and stored in the wells of a 96 well
microplate (96 well microplate, polypropylene, U-shape (Greiner
Bio-One, 650201)). The fluorescence monitoring was performed at 60
measuring points with measurement intervals of 2 sec. After the
fifth measuring point, 50 .mu.l of the lonomycin solution were
added to each well of the assay plate to give a final lonomycin
concentration of 2 .mu.M. For the determination of the IC.sub.50
values the minimal fluorescence value was subtracted from the
maximal fluorescence value for the fifteenth to fifty-fifth
measuring points. The calculation of the IC.sub.50 values via the
percentage inhibitions of Ca.sup.2+ efflux out of cells (forward
mode) effected by the test compound was performed in Biost@t Speed
2.0. Results obtained with compounds of the invention are given in
Table 2. "NCX1fw IC.sub.50" in Table 2 means the IC.sub.50 value
for inhibition of NCX1 in forward mode (in .mu.M
(micromol/liter)).
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 IC.sub.50 values for inhibition of the NCX1
in forward mode by example compounds Example NCX1fw number
IC.sub.50 2 1.9 13 0.9 14 2.2 18 0.6 20 1.2 32 27% (1) 39 1.2 58
8.3 59 0.2 103 3.1 125 20% (1) 134 2.6 158 46% (1) 177 0.8 182 8%
(1) 189 17% (1) 206 1.6 214 4.5 216 1.9 243 19% (1) 255 0.6 275 9.9
299 0.6 315 3.3 321 1.5 325 26% (1) 326 0.2 327 3.0 329 2.5 330
0.35 334 2.1 335 0.9 342 0.7 343 0.8 348 0.8 352 31% (1) 345 3 (1)
Inhibition in % at 10 .mu.M; IC.sub.50 value not determined
B) In Vivo Method for Determining the Effect on Heart
Contractility
[0355] Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Harlan Winkelmann, Borchen,
Germany) weighing 340 to 370 g were anesthetized with pentobarbital
(100 mg/kg i.p.) and ventilated with a mixture of oxygen (40%) and
room air (60%) at a tidal volume of 1 ml/100 g at 60 breaths/min.
Body temperature was maintained at 36.5.+-.0.3.degree. C. with a
heating lamp and was monitored with a rectal thermo sensor.
Systemic blood pressure was measured in the left carotid artery
using a pressure transducer (Combitrans; B. Braun Melsungen AG,
Melsungen, Germany) connected to a DC-bridge-amplifier (PLUGSYS/ADC
Type 663; Harvard Apparatus GmbH, March-Hugstetten, Germany). The
electrocardiogram was measured as lead II via subcutaneously placed
electrodes connected to a Heart-Rate-Module (PLUGSYS/HRM Type 669;
Harvard Apparatus GmbH, March-Hugstetten, Germany). A micro-tip
catheter (2 French, SPR-320; Millar Instruments, Houston, Tex.,
USA) was placed via the right carotid artery into the left
ventricle, and the left ventricular pressure (LVP) and the
enddiastolic pressure (EDP) were continuously measured.
Registration of the hemodynamic data was performed via an analog
digital converter by a personal computer using Notocord software
(HEM version 3.5). Left ventricular contractility (dp/dt.sub.max)
and relaxation (dp/dt.sub.min) were calculated from the LVP signal.
For intravenous administration of the test compounds, the left
jugular vein was prepared and a PP-50 catheter was inserted. Test
compounds were administered either by intravenous bolus injection
or by intravenous infusion by means of an infusion pump (Unita; B.
Braun Melsungen AG, Melsungen, Germany). Test compounds were
dissolved in a mixture of Glycofurol (75%) and Cremophor (25%), and
the solution was further diluted with distilled water (1:4). In a
typical experiment, several dosages of the test compound were
administered subsequently at increasing doses. Statistical
significance of the data obtained with drug vs control experiments,
in which solvent was administered, was evaluated with the 2-sided
ANOVA test (program Everstat). Increases in left ventricular
contractility (percent increase) by example compounds are given in
Table 3 in comparison to control experiments in which solvent was
administered.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Increase in left ventricular contractility
by example compounds Dose Example Administration (mg per kg of
Contractility number mode body weight) increase (%) 299 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 36% 0.3 mg/kg 62% 1.0 mg/kg 95% 315 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 28% 0.3 mg/kg 41% 1.0 mg/kg 64% 326 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 67% 0.3 mg/kg 105% 1.0 mg/kg 138% 327 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 9% 0.3 mg/kg 27% 1.0 mg/kg 55% 329 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 24% 0.3 mg/kg 53% 1.0 mg/kg 101% 330 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 50% 0.3 mg/kg 86% 1.0 mg/kg 161% 334 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 19% 0.3 mg/kg 41% 1.0 mg/kg 59% 342 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 38% 0.3 mg/kg 73% 1.0 mg/kg 146% 343 Bolus
injection 0.1 mg/kg 20% 0.3 mg/kg 25% 1.0 mg/kg 39% 345 Infusion
0.03 mg/kg/min 32% 0.1 mg/kg/min 85%
* * * * *