U.S. patent application number 15/280586 was filed with the patent office on 2017-01-19 for combination therapy comprising anti-angiogenesis agents and ox40 binding agonists.
This patent application is currently assigned to Genentech, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Genentech, Inc.. Invention is credited to James ANDYA, Jack BEVERS, III, Patricia DE ALMEIDA, Changchun DU, Jeong KIM, Ye SHEN, Kevin WALSH, Jing ZHU.
Application Number | 20170015755 15/280586 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 53055091 |
Filed Date | 2017-01-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20170015755 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
WALSH; Kevin ; et
al. |
January 19, 2017 |
COMBINATION THERAPY COMPRISING ANTI-ANGIOGENESIS AGENTS AND OX40
BINDING AGONISTS
Abstract
The invention provides compositions and methods for treating
cancers. The method comprises administering an anti-angiogenesis
agent and an OX40 binding agonist.
Inventors: |
WALSH; Kevin; (South San
Francisco, CA) ; DE ALMEIDA; Patricia; (South San
Francisco, CA) ; DU; Changchun; (South San Francisco,
CA) ; KIM; Jeong; (South San Francisco, CA) ;
ZHU; Jing; (Moraga, CA) ; BEVERS, III; Jack;
(San Mateo, CA) ; ANDYA; James; (South San
Francisco, CA) ; SHEN; Ye; (South San Francisco,
CA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Genentech, Inc. |
South San Francisco |
CA |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Genentech, Inc.
South San Francisco
CA
|
Family ID: |
53055091 |
Appl. No.: |
15/280586 |
Filed: |
September 29, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
PCT/US2015/023434 |
Mar 30, 2015 |
|
|
|
15280586 |
|
|
|
|
62113345 |
Feb 6, 2015 |
|
|
|
62080171 |
Nov 14, 2014 |
|
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62073873 |
Oct 31, 2014 |
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61989448 |
May 6, 2014 |
|
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61973193 |
Mar 31, 2014 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 39/3955 20130101;
A61K 2039/505 20130101; C07K 16/30 20130101; C12N 5/10 20130101;
C07K 2317/515 20130101; C07K 16/3023 20130101; A61K 48/00 20130101;
A61K 39/39558 20130101; C07K 2317/92 20130101; C12N 2800/00
20130101; C07K 2317/56 20130101; C07K 2317/71 20130101; A61K 45/06
20130101; C12N 15/79 20130101; A61K 47/6803 20170801; C07K 2317/732
20130101; A61K 47/6849 20170801; C07K 16/3069 20130101; C07K 16/22
20130101; C07K 16/303 20130101; A61K 2039/507 20130101; C12N 15/70
20130101; C07K 2317/21 20130101; A61P 43/00 20180101; C07K 16/3015
20130101; C07K 2317/75 20130101; C12N 15/63 20130101; A61P 35/00
20180101; C07K 2317/76 20130101; C12N 15/64 20130101; C07K 2317/51
20130101; C07K 16/3038 20130101; C07K 16/2878 20130101; C07K
2317/24 20130101; C07K 16/3046 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C07K 16/28 20060101
C07K016/28; C07K 16/30 20060101 C07K016/30; C07K 16/22 20060101
C07K016/22 |
Claims
1. A method for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual comprising administering to the individual an effective
amount of an anti-angiogenesis agent and an OX40 binding
agonist.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-angiogenesis agent is
selected from the group consisting of an anti-VEGFR2 antibody; an
anti-VEGFR1 antibody; a VEGF-trap; a bispecific VEGF antibody; a
bispecific antibody comprising a combination of two arms selected
from the group consisting of an anti-VEGF arm, an anti-VEGFR1 arm,
and an anti-VEGFR2 arm; an anti-VEGF-A antibody; an anti-VEGFB
antibody; an anti-VEGFC antibody; an anti-VEGFD antibody; a
nonpeptide small molecule VEGF antagonist; an anti-PDGFR inhibitor;
and a native angiogenesis inhibitor.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the anti-angiogenesis agent is
selected from the group consisting of ramucirumab, tanibirumab,
aflibercept, icrucumab, ziv-aflibercept, MP-0250, vanucizumab,
sevacizumab, VGX-100, pazopanib, axitinib, vandetanib, stivarga,
cabozantinib, lenvatinib, nintedanib, orantinib, telatinib,
dovitinig, cediranib, motesanib, sulfatinib, apatinib, foretinib,
famitinib, imatinib, and tivozanib.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-angiogenesis agent is an
anti-angiogenesis antibody.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the anti-angiogenesis antibody is
a monoclonal antibody.
6. The method of claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the anti-angiogenesis
antibody is a human or humanized antibody.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-angiogenesis agent is a
VEGF antagonist.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the VEGF antagonist reduces the
expression level or biological activity of VEGF by at least 10%,
20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the VEGF is VEGF (8-109), VEGF
(1-109), or VEGF.sub.165.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the VEGF antagonist increases
MHC class II expression on dendritic cells as compared to MHC class
II expression on dendritic cells prior to treatment with the VEGF
antagonist.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the VEGF antagonist increases
OX40L expression on dendritic cells as compared to OX40L expression
on dendritic cells prior to treatment with the VEGF antagonist.
12. The method of claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the dendritic cells
are myeloid dendritic cells.
13. The method of claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the dendritic cells
are non-myeloid dendritic cells.
14. The method of claim 7, wherein the VEGF antagonist comprises a
soluble VEGF receptor or a soluble VEGF receptor fragment that
specifically binds to VEGF.
15. The method of claim 7, wherein the VEGF antagonist is a
chimeric VEGF receptor protein.
16. The method of claim 7, wherein the VEGF antagonist is
administered by gene therapy.
17. The method of claim 7, wherein the VEGF antagonist is an
anti-VEGF antibody.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody is a
human or humanized antibody.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody binds to
the A4.6.1 epitope.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody binds to
a functional epitope comprising residues F17, M18, D19, Y21, Y25,
Q89, 191, K01, E103, and C104 of human VEGF.
21. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody binds to
a functional epitope comprising residues F17, Y21, Q22, Y25, D63,
183, and Q89 of human VEGF.
22. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody is a G6
series antibody.
23. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody is a B20
series antibody.
24. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody is a
monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the monoclonal anti-VEGF
antibody is bevacizumab.
26. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody
comprises a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid
sequence of DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT ITCSASQDIS NYLNWYQQKP GKAPKVLIYF
TSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ YSTVPWTFGQ GTKVEIKR.
(SEQ ID NO:214).
27. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid
sequence of EVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGYTFT NYGMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVGW
INTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFTF SLDTSKSTAY LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCAKYP HYYGSSHWYF
DVWGQGTLVT VSS (SEQ ID NO:215).
28. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody
comprises a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid
sequence of DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT ITCSASQDIS NYLNWYQQKP GKAPKVLIYF
TSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ YSTVPWTFGQ GTKVEIKR.
(SEQ ID NO:214) and a heavy chain variable region comprising the
amino acid sequence of EVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGYTFT NYGMNWVRQA
PGKGLEWVGW INTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFTF SLDTSKSTAY LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCAKYP
HYYGSSHWYF DVWGQGTLVT VSS (SEQ ID NO:215).
29. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody
comprises one, two, three, four, five, or six hypervariable region
(HVR) sequences of bevacizumab.
30. The method of any one of claims 1-29, wherein the OX40 binding
agonist is selected from the group consisting of an OX40 agonist
antibody, an OX40L agonist fragment, an OX40 oligomeric receptor,
and an OX40 immunoadhesin.
31. The method of any one of claims 1-30, wherein the OX40 binding
agonist is a trimeric OX40L-Fc protein.
32. The method of any one of claims 1-30, wherein the OX40 binding
agonist is an OX40L agonist fragment comprising one or more
extracellular domains of OX40L.
33. The method of any one of claims 1-30, wherein the OX40 binding
agonist is an OX40 agonist antibody that binds human OX40.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody is a
full-length human IgG1 antibody.
35. The method of claim 33, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody
depletes cells that express human OX40.
36. The method of claim 35, wherein the cells are CD4+ effector T
cells.
37. The method of claim 35, wherein the cells are Treg cells.
38. The method of any one of claims 35-37, wherein the depleting is
by ADCC and/or phagocytosis.
39. The method of claim 38, wherein the depleting is by ADCC.
40. The method of claim 33, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody binds
human OX40 with an affinity of less than or equal to about 0.45
nM.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody binds
human OX40 with an affinity of less than or equal to about 0.4
nM.
42. The method of claim 40 or claim 41, wherein OX40 agonist
antibody binding affinity is determined using radioimmunoassay.
43. The method of claim 33, wherein binding to human OX40 has an
EC50 of less than or equal to 0.2 ug/ml.
44. The method of claim 33, wherein binding to human OX40 has an
EC50 of less than or equal to 0.3 ug/ml.
45. The method of any one of claims 33-44, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody increases CD4+ effector T cell proliferation and/or
increasing cytokine production by the CD4+ effector T cell as
compared to proliferation and/or cytokine production prior to
treatment with anti-human OX40 agonist antibody.
46. The method of claim 45, wherein the cytokine is gamma
interferon.
47. The method of any one of claims 33-46, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody increases memory T cell proliferation and/or increasing
cytokine production by the memory cell.
48. The method of claim 47, wherein the cytokine is gamma
interferon.
49. The method of any one of claims 33-48, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody inhibits Treg function.
50. The method of claim 49, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody
inhibits Treg suppression of effector T cell function.
51. The method of claim 50, wherein effector T cell function is
effector T cell proliferation and/or cytokine production.
52. The method of claim 50 or claim 51, wherein the effector T cell
is a CD4+ effector T cell.
53. The method of any one of claims 33-52, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody increases OX40 signal transduction in a target cell that
expresses OX40.
54. The method of claim 53, wherein OX40 signal transduction is
detected by monitoring NFkB downstream signaling.
55. The method of any one of claims 33-54, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody is stable after treatment at 40.degree. C. for two
weeks.
56. The method of any one of claims 33-55, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a variant IgG1 Fc polypeptide comprising a
mutation that eliminates binding to human effector cells, and
wherein the antibody has diminished activity relative to an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising a native sequence IgG1
Fc portion.
57. The method of claim 56, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a variant Fc portion comprising a DANA mutation.
58. The method of any one of claims 33-57, wherein OX40 agonist
antibody cross-linking is required for anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody function.
59. The method of any one of claims 33-58, the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises (a) a VH domain comprising (i) HVR-H1 comprising
the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, 8 or 9, (ii) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, 10, 11, 12, 13
or 14, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected
from SEQ ID NO: 4, 15, or 19; and (iv) HVR-L1 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5, (v) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, and (vi) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, or 28.
60. The method of claim 59, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3;
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d)
HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f)
HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7.
61. The method of claim 59, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3;
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d)
HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f)
HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:26.
62. The method of claim 59, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3;
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d)
HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f)
HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:27.
63. The method of any one of claims 33-62, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence
having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%,
or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86,
88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 108, 114, 116, 233, or 234.
64. The method of any one of claims 33-63, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a light chain variable domain (VL) having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:57, 59,
61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93,
95, 97, 99, 101, 109, 115 or 117.
65. The method of any one of claims 33-64, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence
having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%,
or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:56.
66. The method of claim 65, wherein the OX40 agonist VH sequence
having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%
identity contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to human OX40.
67. The method of claim 65 or claim 66, wherein a total of 1 to 10
amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ
ID NO:56.
68. The method of any one of claims 65-67, wherein the OX40 agonist
VH comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from: (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
69. The method of any one of claims 33-68, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a light chain variable domain (VL) having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:57.
70. The method of claim 69, wherein the OX40 agonist VL sequence
having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%
identity contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to human OX40.
71. The method of claim 69 or 70, wherein a total of 1 to 10 amino
acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID NO:
57.
72. The method of any one of claims 69-71, wherein the OX40 agonist
VL comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from (a) HVR-L1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b) HVR-L2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c) HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7.
73. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO: 56.
74. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 57.
75. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO:56 and a VL sequence
of SEQ ID NO: 57.
76. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94.
77. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95.
78. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO:94 and a VL sequence
of SEQ ID NO: 95.
79. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96.
80. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97.
81. The method of any one of claims 33-72, wherein the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO:96 and a VL sequence
of SEQ ID NO: 97.
82. The method of claim 33, wherein the OX40 agonist antibody is
MEDI6469, MEDI0562, or MEDI6383.
83. The method of any one of claims 1-82, wherein the cancer is
lung cancer, glioblastoma, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, breast
cancer, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, fallopian tube cancer,
peritoneal cancer, kidney cancer, renal cancer, non-Hodgkins
lymphoma, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, soft-tissue sarcoma,
kaposi's sarcoma, carcinoid carcinoma, head and neck cancer,
mesothelioma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung cancer,
neuroblastoma, melanoma, gastric cancer, or liver cancer.
84. The method of any one of claims 1-82, wherein the cancer is a
gynecologic cancer.
85. The method of any one of claims 1-84, wherein the cancer is
advanced, refractory, recurrent, chemotherapy-resistant, and/or
platinum-resistant.
86. The method of any one of claims 1-85, wherein the individual
has cancer or has been diagnosed with cancer.
87. The method of any one of claims 1-86, wherein the treatment
results in a sustained response in the individual after cessation
of the treatment.
88. The method of any one of claims 1-87, wherein the OX40 binding
agonist is administered before the anti-angiogenesis agent,
simultaneous with the anti-angiogenesis agent, or after the
anti-angiogenesis agent.
89. The method of any one of claims 1-88, wherein the individual is
a human.
90. The method of any one of claims 1-89, wherein the
anti-angiogenesis agent and/or the OX40 binding agonist are
administered intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously,
intracerobrospinally, topically, orally, transdermally,
intraperitoneally, intraorbitally, by implantation, by inhalation,
intrathecally, intraventricularly, intra-articularly,
intrasynovially, or intranasally.
91. The method of any one of claims 1-90, further comprising
administering a chemotherapeutic agent for treating or delaying
progression of cancer.
92. Use of an anti-angiogenesis agent in the manufacture of a
medicament for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual, wherein the medicament comprises the anti-angiogenesis
agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and
wherein the treatment comprises administration of the medicament in
combination with a composition comprising an OX40 binding agonist
and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
93. Use of an OX40 binding agonist in the manufacture of a
medicament for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual, wherein the medicament comprises the OX40 binding
agonist and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and
wherein the treatment comprises administration of the medicament in
combination with a composition comprising an anti-angiogenesis
agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
94. A composition comprising an anti-angiogenesis agent and an
optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for use in treating or
delaying progression of cancer in an individual, wherein the
treatment comprises administration of said composition in
combination with a second composition, wherein the second
composition comprises OX40 binding agonist and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
95. A composition comprising an OX40 binding agonist and an
optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for use in treating or
delaying progression of cancer in an individual, wherein the
treatment comprises administration of said composition in
combination with a second composition, wherein the second
composition comprises an anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
96. A kit comprising a medicament comprising an anti-angiogenesis
agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a
package insert comprising instructions for administration of the
medicament in combination with a composition comprising an OX40
binding agonist and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier
for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual.
97. A kit comprising a first medicament comprising an
anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier, and a second medicament comprising an OX40 binding agonist
and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
98. The kit of claim 97, wherein the kit further comprises a
package insert comprising instructions for administration of the
first medicament and the second medicament for treating or delaying
progression of cancer in an individual.
99. A kit comprising a medicament comprising an OX40 binding
agonist and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a
package insert comprising instructions for administration of the
medicament in combination with a composition comprising an
anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the priority benefit of U.S.
Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/973,193, filed Mar. 31, 2014;
61/989,448, filed May 6, 2014; 62/073,873, filed Oct. 31, 2014;
62/080,171, filed Nov. 14, 2014; and 62/113,345, filed Feb. 6,
2015; each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
SEQUENCE LISTING
[0002] The content of the following submission on ASCII text file
is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety: a computer
readable form (CRF) of the Sequence Listing (file name:
146392031540SEQLIST.txt, date recorded: Mar. 26, 2015, size: 188
KB).
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0003] This invention relates to methods of treating cancers by
administering an anti-angiogenesis agent and an OX40 binding
agonist.
BACKGROUND
[0004] Angiogenesis is necessary for cancer development, regulating
not only primary tumor size and growth, but also impacting invasive
and metastatic potential. Accordingly, the mechanisms mediating
angiogenic processes have been investigated as potential targets
for directed anti-cancer therapies. Early in the study of
angiogenic modulators, the vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) signaling pathway was discovered to regulate angiogenic
activity in multiple cancer types, and multiple therapeutics have
been developed to modulate this pathway at various points. Although
the use of angiogenesis inhibitors in the clinic has shown success,
not all patients respond or fully respond to this therapy. The
mechanism(s) underlying such incomplete response is unknown.
Therefore, there is a need for the identification of patient
subgroups sensitive or responsive to anti-angiogenic cancer
therapy. Further, there remains a need for combination therapies
that may increase the efficacy of anti-angiogenic cancer
therapy.
[0005] Bevacizumab (Avastin.RTM.) is a recombinant humanized
monoclonal IgG1 antibody that specifically binds to and blocks the
biological effects of VEGF. Bevacizumab has been approved in Europe
for the treatment of the advanced stages of six common types of
cancer: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and kidney cancer,
which collectively cause over 2.5 million deaths each year. In the
United States, bevacizumab was the first anti-angiogenesis therapy
approved by the FDA, and it is now approved for the treatment of
six tumor types: colorectal cancer, NSCLC, brain cancer
(glioblastoma), kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma), ovarian
cancer, and cervical cancer. Over half a million patients have been
treated with bevacizumab so far, and a comprehensive clinical
program is investigating the further use of bevacizumab in the
treatment of multiple cancer types.
[0006] Bevacizumab has shown promise as a co-therapeutic,
demonstrating efficacy when combined with a broad range of
chemotherapies and other anti-cancer treatments. For example,
phase-III studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of
combining bevacizumab with standard chemotherapeutic regimens (see,
e.g., Saltz et al., 2008, J. Clin. Oncol., 26:2013-2019; Yang et
al., 2008, Clin. Cancer Res., 14:5893-5899; Hurwitz et al., 2004,
N. Engl. J. Med., 350:2335-2342). However, as in previous studies
of angiogenesis inhibitors, some of these phase-III studies have
shown that a portion of patients experience incomplete response to
the addition of bevacizumab to their chemotherapeutic regimens.
Accordingly, there is a need for methods of identifying those
patients that are likely to respond or have an improved response to
not only angiogenesis inhibitors (e.g., bevacizumab) alone, but
also combination therapies comprising angiogenesis inhibitors
(e.g., bevacizumab).
[0007] Accordingly, there is a need for combination therapies that
may increase the efficacy of anti-angiogenic cancer therapy.
Combination therapies may increase responsiveness in patients that
show incomplete response and/or further increase responsiveness in
patients that do respond to anti-angiogenic cancer therapy.
[0008] OX40 (also known as CD34, TNFRSF4 and ACT35) is a member of
the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. OX40 is not
constitutively expressed on naive T cells, but is induced after
engagement of the T cell receptor (TCR). The ligand for OX40,
OX40L, is predominantly expressed on antigen presenting cells. OX40
is highly expressed by activated CD4+ T cells, activated CD8+ T
cells, memory T cells, and regulatory T cells. OX40 signaling can
provide costimulatory signals to CD4 and CD8 T cells, leading to
enhanced cell proliferation, survival, effector function and
migration. OX40 signaling also enhances memory T cell development
and function.
[0009] Regulatory T cells (Treg) cells are highly enriched in
tumors and tumor draining lymph nodes derived from multiple cancer
indications, including melanoma, NSCLC, renal, ovarian, colon,
pancreatic, hepatocellular, and breast cancer. In a subset of these
indications, increased intratumoral T reg cell densities are
associated with poor patient prognosis, suggesting that these cells
play an important role in suppressing antitumor immunity. OX40
positive tumor infiltrating lymphocytes have been described.
[0010] Modulating OX40 signaling with other signaling pathways that
are deregulated in tumor cells (e.g., angiogenic pathways) may
further enhance treatment efficacy. Thus, there remains a need for
such an optimal therapy for treating or delaying development of
various cancers, immune related diseases, and T cell dysfunctional
disorders.
[0011] All references cited herein, including patent applications
and publications, are incorporated by reference in their
entirety.
SUMMARY
[0012] In one aspect, provided herein is a method for treating or
delaying progression of cancer in an individual comprising
administering to the individual an effective amount of an
anti-angiogenesis agent and an OX40 binding agonist.
[0013] In another aspect, provided herein is a use of an
anti-angiogenesis agent in the manufacture of a medicament for
treating or delaying progression of cancer in an individual,
wherein the medicament comprises the anti-angiogenesis agent and an
optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and wherein the
treatment comprises administration of the medicament in combination
with a composition comprising an OX40 binding agonist and an
optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Further provided
herein is a use of an OX40 binding agonist in the manufacture of a
medicament for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual, wherein the medicament comprises the OX40 binding
agonist and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and
wherein the treatment comprises administration of the medicament in
combination with a composition comprising an anti-angiogenesis
agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
[0014] In still another aspect, provided herein is a composition
comprising an anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for use in treating or delaying
progression of cancer in an individual, wherein the treatment
comprises administration of said composition in combination with a
second composition, wherein the second composition comprises OX40
binding agonist and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier. Further provided herein is a composition comprising an
OX40 binding agonist and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier for use in treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual, wherein the treatment comprises administration of said
composition in combination with a second composition, wherein the
second composition comprises an anti-angiogenesis agent and an
optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
[0015] In yet another aspect, provided herein is a kit comprising a
medicament comprising an anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a package insert
comprising instructions for administration of the medicament in
combination with a composition comprising an OX40 binding agonist
and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for treating or
delaying progression of cancer in an individual. Further provided
here is a kit comprising a first medicament comprising an
anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier, and a second medicament comprising an OX40 binding agonist
and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In some
embodiments, the kit further comprises a package insert comprising
instructions for administration of the first medicament and the
second medicament for treating or delaying progression of cancer in
an individual. Still further provided herein is a kit comprising a
medicament comprising an OX40 binding agonist and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a package insert
comprising instructions for administration of the medicament in
combination with a composition comprising an anti-angiogenesis
agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for
treating or delaying progression of cancer in an individual.
[0016] In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is selected
from the group consisting of an anti-VEGFR2 antibody; an
anti-VEGFR1 antibody; a VEGF-trap; a bispecific VEGF antibody; a
bispecific antibody comprising a combination of two arms selected
from the group consisting of an anti-VEGF arm, an anti-VEGFR1 arm,
and an anti-VEGFR2 arm; an anti-VEGF-A antibody; an anti-VEGFB
antibody; an anti-VEGFC antibody; an anti-VEGFD antibody; a
nonpeptide small molecule VEGF antagonist; an anti-PDGFR inhibitor;
and a native angiogenesis inhibitor. In some embodiments, the
anti-angiogenesis agent is selected from the group consisting of
ramucirumab, tanibirumab, aflibercept, icrucumab, ziv-aflibercept,
MP-0250, vanucizumab, sevacizumab, VGX-100, pazopanib, axitinib,
vandetanib, stivarga, cabozantinib, lenvatinib, nintedanib,
orantinib, telatinib, dovitinig, cediranib, motesanib, sulfatinib,
apatinib, foretinib, famitinib, imatinib, and tivozanib.
[0017] In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is an
anti-angiogenesis antibody. In some embodiments, the
anti-angiogenesis antibody is a monoclonal antibody. In some
embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis antibody is a human or humanized
antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is a
VEGF antagonist. In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist reduces
the expression level or biological activity of VEGF by at least
10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%. In some
embodiments, the VEGF is VEGF (8-109). VEGF (1-109), or
VEGF.sub.165. In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist increases
MHC class II expression on dendritic cells as compared to MHC class
II expression on dendritic cells prior to treatment with the VEGF
antagonist. In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist increases
OX40L expression on dendritic cells as compared to OX40L expression
on dendritic cells prior to treatment with the VEGF antagonist. In
some embodiments, the dendritic cells are myeloid dendritic cells.
In some embodiments, the dendritic cells are non-myeloid dendritic
cells. In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist comprises a soluble
VEGF receptor or a soluble VEGF receptor fragment that specifically
binds to VEGF. In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist is a
chimeric VEGF receptor protein. In some embodiments, the VEGF
antagonist is administered by gene therapy.
[0018] In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist is an anti-VEGF
antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody is a human or
humanized antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody
binds to the A4.6.1 epitope. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF
antibody binds to a functional epitope comprising residues F17,
M18, D19, Y21, Y25, Q89, 191, K01, E103, and C104 of human VEGF. In
some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody binds to a functional
epitope comprising residues F17, Y21, Q22, Y25, D63, 183, and Q89
of human VEGF. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody is a G6
series antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody is a
B20 series antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody is
a monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody. In some embodiments, the
monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody is bevacizumab. In some embodiments,
the anti-VEGF antibody comprises a light chain variable region
comprising the amino acid sequence of DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT
ITCSASQDIS NYLNWYQQKP GKAPKVLIYF TSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP
EDFATYYCQQ YSTVPWTFGQ GTKVEIKR. (SEQ ID NO:214). In some
embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody comprises a heavy chain
variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of EVQLVESGGG
LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGYTFT NYGMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVGW INTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFF
SLDTSKSTAY LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCAKYP HYYGSSHWYF DVWGQGTLVT VSS (SEQ ID
NO:215). In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody comprises a
light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of
DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT ITCSASQDIS NYLNWYQQKP GKAPKVLIYF TSSLHSGVPS
RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ YSTVPWTFGQ GTKVEIKR. (SEQ ID
NO:214) and a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid
sequence of EVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGYTFI NYGMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVGW
INTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFIF SLDTSKSTAY LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCAKYP HYYGSSHWYF
DVWGQGTLVT VSS (SEQ ID NO:215). In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF
antibody comprises one, two, three, four, five, or six
hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of bevacizumab. In some
embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody comprises one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of selected
from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of GYTFINYGMN
(SEQ ID NO:216); (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of
WINTYTGEPTYAADFKR (SEQ ID NO:217); (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of YPHYYGSSHWYFDV (SEQ ID NO:218); (d) HVR-L1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SASQDISNYLN (SEQ ID NO:219);
(e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of FTSSLHS (SEQ ID
NO:220); and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of
QQYSTVPWT (SEQ ID NO:221). In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF
antibody comprises one, two, three, four, five, or six
hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of an antibody described in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,884,879. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF
antibody comprises one, two, or three hypervariable region (HVR)
sequences of a light chain variable region comprising the following
amino acid sequence: DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT ITCSASQDIS NYLNWYQQKP
GKAPKVLIYF TSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ YSTVPWTFGQ
GTKVEIKR. (SEQ ID NO:214) and/or one, two, or three hypervariable
region (HVR) sequences of a heavy chain variable region comprising
the following amino acid sequence: EVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGYTFT
NYGMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVGW INTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFIF SLDTSKSTAY LQMNSLRAED
TAVYYCAKYP HYYGSSHWYF DVWGQGTLVT VSS (SEQ ID NO:215). In some
embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody comprises one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of
bevacizumab.
[0019] In some embodiments, the OX40 binding agonist is selected
from the group consisting of an OX40 agonist antibody, an OX40L
agonist fragment, an OX40 oligomeric receptor, and an OX40
immunoadhesin. In some embodiments, the OX40 binding agonist is a
trimeric OX40L-Fc protein. In some embodiments, the OX40 binding
agonist is an OX40L agonist fragment comprising one or more
extracellular domains of OX40L. In some embodiments, the OX40
binding agonist is an OX40 agonist antibody that binds human OX40.
In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody depletes cells that
express human OX40. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody
depletes cells that express human OX40 in vitro. In some
embodiments, the cells are CD4+ effector T cells. In some
embodiments, the cells are Treg cells. In some embodiments, the
depleting is by ADCC and/or phagocytosis. In some embodiments, the
depleting is by ADCC. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody binds human OX40 with an affinity of less than or equal to
about 1 nM. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody depletes
cells that express human OX40 in vitro and binds human OX40 with an
affinity of less than or equal to about 1 nM. In some embodiments,
the OX40 agonist antibody binds human OX40 with an affinity of less
than or equal to about 0.45 nM. In some embodiments, the OX40
agonist antibody binds human OX40 with an affinity of less than or
equal to about 0.4 nM. In some embodiments, OX40 agonist antibody
binding affinity is determined using radioimmunoassay. In some
embodiments, binding to human OX40 has an EC50 of less than or
equal to 0.2 ug/ml. In some embodiments, binding to human OX40 has
an EC50 of less than or equal to 0.3 ug/ml. In some embodiments,
the OX40 agonist antibody increases CD4+ effector T cell
proliferation and/or increasing cytokine production by the CD4+
effector T cell as compared to proliferation and/or cytokine
production prior to treatment with anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody. In some embodiments, the cytokine is gamma interferon. In
some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody increases memory T cell
proliferation and/or increasing cytokine production by the memory
cell. In some embodiments, the cytokine is gamma interferon. In
some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody inhibits Treg function.
In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody inhibits Treg
suppression of effector T cell function. In some embodiments,
effector T cell function is effector T cell proliferation and/or
cytokine production. In some embodiments, the effector T cell is a
CD4+ effector T cell. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody increases OX40 signal transduction in a target cell that
expresses OX40. In some embodiments, OX40 signal transduction is
detected by monitoring NFkB downstream signaling. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is stable after treatment at
40.degree. C. for two weeks. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a variant IgG1 Fc polypeptide comprising a
mutation that eliminates binding to human effector cells, and
wherein the antibody has diminished activity relative to an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising a native sequence IgG1
Fc portion. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a variant Fc portion comprising a DANA mutation. In some
embodiments, OX40 agonist antibody cross-linking is required for
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody function. In some embodiments, the
OX40 agonist antibody comprises (a) a VH domain comprising (i)
HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, 8 or 9,
(ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, 10,
11, 12, 13 or 14, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 4, 15, or 19; and (iv) HVR-L1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5, (v) HVR-L2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, and (vi) HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, or 28. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3;
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d)
HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f)
HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody comprises (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3
comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:26. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody comprises (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3
comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:27. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody comprises a heavy chain
variable domain (VH) sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%,
94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70,
72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 108,
114, 116, 233, or 234. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a light chain variable domain (VL) having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:57, 59,
61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93,
95, 97, 99, 101, 109, 115 or 117. In some embodiments, the OX40
agonist antibody comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH)
sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:56. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist VH sequence
having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%
identity contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to human OX40. In some embodiments, a total of
1 to 10 amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted
in SEQ ID NO:56. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist VH comprises
one, two or three HVRs selected from: (a) HVR-H1 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a light chain variable domain (VL) having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:57. In
some embodiments, the OX40 agonist VL sequence having at least 90%,
91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains
substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions, or
deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains the ability
to bind to human OX40. In some embodiments, a total of 1 to 10
amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ
ID NO: 57. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist VL comprises one,
two or three HVRs selected from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:7. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO: 56. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody comprises a VL sequence of
SEQ ID NO: 57. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO:56 and a VL sequence of SEQ ID
NO: 57. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
VH sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody comprises a VH sequence of
SEQ ID NO:94 and a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody comprises a VH sequence of
SEQ ID NO: 96. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97. In some embodiments, the
OX40 agonist antibody comprises a VH sequence of SEQ ID NO:96 and a
VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97. In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist
antibody is MEDI6469, MEDI0562, or MEDI6383.
[0020] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist is in a pharmaceutical
formulation that comprises any of the anti-human OX40 antibodies
(e.g., agonist antibodies) provided herein and a pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical
formulation comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibodies described herein at a concentration between about 10
mg/mL and about 100 mg/mL, (b) a polysorbate, wherein the
polysorbate concentration is about 0.02% to about 0.06%; (c) a
histidine buffer at about pH 5.0 to about pH 6.0; and (d) a
saccharide, wherein the saccharide concentration is about 120 mM to
about 320 mM. In some embodiments, the histidine buffer is at pH
5.0 to 6.0. In some embodiments, the saccharide is sucrose. In some
embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises (a) any of
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies described herein, (b)
polysorbate 20, wherein the polysorbate concentration is about
0.02%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH 6.0; and (d) sucrose,
wherein the sucrose concentration is about 320 mM. In some
embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises (a) any of
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies described herein, (b)
polysorbate 20, wherein the polysorbate concentration is about
0.02%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH 5.5; and (d) sucrose,
wherein the sucrose concentration is about 240 mM. In some
embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises (a) any of
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies described herein, (b)
polysorbate 20, wherein the polysorbate concentration is about
0.04%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH 6.0; and (d) sucrose,
wherein the sucrose concentration is about 120 mM. In some
embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises (a) any of
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies described herein, (b)
polysorbate 40, wherein the polysorbate concentration is about
0.04%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH 5.0; and (d) sucrose,
wherein the sucrose concentration is about 240 mM. In some
embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation comprises (a) any of
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies described herein, (b)
polysorbate 40, wherein the polysorbate concentration is about
0.04%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH 6.0; and (d) sucrose,
wherein the sucrose concentration is about 120 mM. In some
embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises (a) a VH
domain comprising (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO: 2, 8 or 9, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, and (iii) HVR-H3
comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 4, 15,
or 19; and (iv) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:5, (v) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6,
and (vi) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7,
22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, or 28. In some embodiments, the antibody of
the formulation comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:7. In some embodiments, the
antibody of the formulation comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:26. In some embodiments, the
antibody of the formulation comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:27. In some embodiments, the
antibody of the formulation comprises a heavy chain variable domain
(VH) sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%,
97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence
of SEQ ID NO:56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80,
82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 108, 114, 116, 183, or
184. In some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises
a light chain variable domain (VL) having at least 90%, 91%, 92%,
93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71,
73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 101, 109,
115 or 117. In some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation
comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:56. In
some embodiments, the VH sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%,
93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains
substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions, or
deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains the ability
to bind to human OX40. In some embodiments, total of 1 to 10 amino
acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID
NO:56. In some embodiments, the VH comprises one, two or three HVRs
selected from: (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ
ID NO:2, (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:3, and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:4. In some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation
comprises a light chain variable domain (VL) having at least 90%,
91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% sequence
identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:57. In some
embodiments, the VL sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%,
94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains substitutions
(e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions, or deletions
relative to the reference sequence, but an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody comprising that sequence retains the ability to bind to
human OX40. In some embodiments, a total of 1 to 10 amino acids
have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID NO: 57. In
some embodiments, the VL comprises one, two or three HVRs selected
from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5;
(b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and
(c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7. In
some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 56. In some embodiments, the antibody of the
formulation comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 57. In some
embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO:56 and a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 57. In
some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94. In some embodiments, the antibody of the
formulation comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95. In some
embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO:94 and a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 95. In
some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 96. In some embodiments, the antibody of the
formulation comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97. In some
embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO:96 and a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97. In
some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 179. In some embodiments, the antibody of
the formulation comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 180. In some
embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 179 and a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 180. In
some embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 181. In some embodiments, the antibody of
the formulation comprises a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 182. In some
embodiments, the antibody of the formulation comprises a VH
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 181 and a VL sequence of SEQ ID NO: 182.
[0021] In some embodiments, the cancer is lung cancer,
glioblastoma, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, colon
cancer, colorectal cancer, fallopian tube cancer, peritoneal
cancer, kidney cancer, renal cancer, non-Hodgkins lymphoma,
prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, soft-tissue sarcoma, kaposi's
sarcoma, carcinoid carcinoma, head and neck cancer, mesothelioma,
multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma,
melanoma, gastric cancer, or liver cancer. In some embodiments, the
cancer is a gynecologic cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is
advanced, refractory, recurrent, chemotherapy-resistant, and/or
platinum-resistant. In some embodiments, the individual has cancer
or has been diagnosed with cancer. In some embodiments, the
treatment results in a sustained response in the individual after
cessation of the treatment. In some embodiments, the OX40 binding
agonist is administered before the anti-angiogenesis agent,
simultaneous with the anti-angiogenesis agent, or after the
anti-angiogenesis agent. In some embodiments, the individual is a
human. In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent and/or the
OX40 binding agonist are administered intravenously,
intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intracerobrospinally, topically,
orally, transdermally, intraperitoneally, intraorbitally, by
implantation, by inhalation, intrathecally, intraventricularly,
intra-articularly, intrasynovially, or intranasally. In some
embodiments, the method further comprises administering a
chemotherapeutic agent for treating or delaying progression of
cancer.
[0022] It is to be understood that one, some, or all of the
properties of the various embodiments described herein may be
combined to form other embodiments of the present invention. These
and other aspects of the invention will become apparent to one of
skill in the art. These and other embodiments of the invention are
further described by the detailed description that follows.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0023] FIG. 1 shows the efficacy of different treatments on
inhibiting tumor growth in a CT26 tumor model. Average tumor
volumes (y-axis) over time (x-axis) are plotted for each
experimental group. Experimental groups were anti-OX40 and
anti-GP120 treatment (pluses), anti-GP120 treatment (circles),
anti-VEGF and anti-GP120 treatment (triangles), and anti-VEGF and
anti-OX40 treatment (X's).
[0024] FIGS. 2A-2D track tumor volumes from individual mice over
time in the following treatment groups: anti-GP120 (control; FIG.
2A), anti-VEGF+anti-GP120 (FIG. 2B), anti-OX40+anti-GP120 (FIG.
2C), and anti-VEGF+anti-OX40 (FIG. 2D). Solid black and dashed and
dotted lines represent tumors from individual mice within each
experimental group. Solid black lines represent mice that remained
alive at the termination of the experiment, and dashed and dotted
lines represent mice that were euthanized prior to experiment
termination due to tumor ulceration or tumor size exceeding 2000
mm.sup.3. Evenly dashed lines depict the average tumor volume over
time in mice that received anti-GP120 alone (as labeled by arrows).
Unevenly dashed lines are representative of the average tumor
volume over time within each experimental group (as labeled by
arrows). Percentages in top left corner of each individual graph
are % tumor growth inhibition (TGI), as judged against mice that
received anti-GP120 alone.
[0025] FIGS. 3A & 3B show increased intratumoral dendritic cell
activation following anti-VEGF treatment in a CT26 tumor model.
FIG. 3A shows increased activation of myeloid dendritic cells
(CD11b+). FIG. 3B shows increased activation of non-myeloid
dendritic cells (CD11b-). Asterisks indicate statistical
significance determined using a Student's t-test, assuming unequal
variance and a significance level of 0.05 (* indicates
p<0.05).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In one aspect, provided herein are methods, compositions and
uses for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an
individual comprising administering an effective amount of an
anti-angiogenesis agent and an OX40 binding agonist.
I. DEFINITIONS
[0027] The term "dysfunction" in the context of immune dysfunction,
refers to a state of reduced immune responsiveness to antigenic
stimulation.
[0028] The term "dysfunctional", as used herein, also includes
refractory or unresponsive to antigen recognition, specifically,
impaired capacity to translate antigen recognition into downstream
T-cell effector functions, such as proliferation, cytokine
production (e.g., gamma interferon) and/or target cell killing.
[0029] "Enhancing T cell function" means to induce, cause or
stimulate an effector or memory T cell to have a renewed, sustained
or amplified biological function. Examples of enhancing T-cell
function include: increased secretion of .gamma.-interferon from
CD8.sup.+ effector T cells, increased secretion of
.gamma.-interferon from CD4+ memory and/or effector T-cells,
increased proliferation of CD4+ effector and/or memory T cells,
increased proliferation of CD8+ effector T-cells, increased antigen
responsiveness (e.g., clearance), relative to such levels before
the intervention. In one embodiment, the level of enhancement is at
least 50%, alternatively 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 120%, 150%,
200%. The manner of measuring this enhancement is known to one of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0030] "Tumor immunity" refers to the process in which tumors evade
immune recognition and clearance. Thus, as a therapeutic concept,
tumor immunity is "treated" when such evasion is attenuated, and
the tumors are recognized and attacked by the immune system.
Examples of tumor recognition include tumor binding, tumor
shrinkage and tumor clearance.
[0031] "Immunogenicity" refers to the ability of a particular
substance to provoke an immune response. Tumors are immunogenic and
enhancing tumor immunogenicity aids in the clearance of the tumor
cells by the immune response.
[0032] "Sustained response" refers to the sustained effect on
reducing tumor growth after cessation of a treatment. For example,
the tumor size may remain to be the same or smaller as compared to
the size at the beginning of the administration phase. In some
embodiments, the sustained response has a duration at least the
same as the treatment duration, at least 1.5.times., 2.0.times.,
2.5.times., or 3.0.times. length of the treatment duration.
[0033] An "acceptor human framework" for the purposes herein is a
framework comprising the amino acid sequence of a light chain
variable domain (VL) framework or a heavy chain variable domain
(VH) framework derived from a human immunoglobulin framework or a
human consensus framework, as defined below. An acceptor human
framework "derived from" a human immunoglobulin framework or a
human consensus framework may comprise the same amino acid sequence
thereof, or it may contain amino acid sequence changes. In some
embodiments, the number of amino acid changes are 10 or less, 9 or
less, 8 or less, 7 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, 3 or
less, or 2 or less. In some embodiments, the VL acceptor human
framework is identical in sequence to the VL human immunoglobulin
framework sequence or human consensus framework sequence.
[0034] "Affinity" refers to the strength of the sum total of
noncovalent interactions between a single binding site of a
molecule (e.g., an antibody) and its binding partner (e.g., an
antigen). Unless indicated otherwise, as used herein, "binding
affinity" refers to intrinsic binding affinity which reflects a 1:1
interaction between members of a binding pair (e.g., antibody and
antigen). The affinity of a molecule X for its partner Y can
generally be represented by the dissociation constant (Kd).
Affinity can be measured by common methods known in the art,
including those described herein. Specific illustrative and
exemplary embodiments for measuring binding affinity are described
in the following.
[0035] An "agonist antibody," as used herein, is an antibody which
activates a biological activity of the antigen it binds.
[0036] "Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity" or "ADCC"
refers to a form of cytotoxicity in which secreted immunoglobulin
bound onto Fc receptors (FcRs) present on certain cytotoxic cells
(e.g. NK cells, neutrophils, and macrophages) enable these
cytotoxic effector cells to bind specifically to an antigen-bearing
target cell and subsequently kill the target cell with cytotoxins.
The primary cells for mediating ADCC, NK cells, express
Fc.gamma.RIII only, whereas monocytes express Fc.gamma.RI,
Fc.gamma.RII, and Fc.gamma.RIII. FcR expression on hematopoietic
cells is summarized in Table 3 on page 464 of Ravetch and Kinet,
Annu. Rev. Immunol 9:457-92 (1991). To assess ADCC activity of a
molecule of interest, an in vitro ADCC assay, such as that
described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,362 or 5,821,337 or U.S. Pat. No.
6,737,056 (Presta), may be performed. Useful effector cells for
such assays include PBMC and NK cells. Alternatively, or
additionally, ADCC activity of the molecule of interest may be
assessed in vivo, e.g., in an animal model such as that disclosed
in Clynes et al. PNAS (USA) 95:652-656 (1998). An exemplary assay
for assessing ADCC activity is provided in the examples herein.
[0037] The terms "anti-OX40 antibody" and "an antibody that binds
to OX40" refer to an antibody that is capable of binding OX40 with
sufficient affinity such that the antibody is useful as a
diagnostic and/or therapeutic agent in targeting OX40. In one
embodiment, the extent of binding of an anti-OX40 antibody to an
unrelated, non-OX40 protein is less than about 10% of the binding
of the antibody to OX40 as measured, e.g., by a radioimmunoassay
(RIA). In certain embodiments, an antibody that binds to OX40 has a
dissociation constant (Kd) of .ltoreq.1 .mu.M, .ltoreq.100 nM,
.ltoreq.10 nM, .ltoreq.1 nM, .ltoreq.0.1 nM, .ltoreq.0.01 nM, or
.ltoreq.0.001 nM (e.g. 10.sup.-8 M or less, e.g. from 10.sup.-8 M
to 10.sup.-3 M, e.g., from 10.sup.-9 M to 10.sup.-13 M). In certain
embodiments, an anti-OX40 antibody binds to an epitope of OX40 that
is conserved among OX40 from different species.
[0038] As use herein, the term "binds", "specifically binds to" or
is "specific for" refers to measurable and reproducible
interactions such as binding between a target and an antibody,
which is determinative of the presence of the target in the
presence of a heterogeneous population of molecules including
biological molecules. For example, an antibody that binds to or
specifically binds to a target (which can be an epitope) is an
antibody that binds this target with greater affinity, avidity,
more readily, and/or with greater duration than it binds to other
targets. In one embodiment, the extent of binding of an antibody to
an unrelated target is less than about 10% of the binding of the
antibody to the target as measured, e.g., by a radioimmunoassay
(RIA). In certain embodiments, an antibody that specifically binds
to a target has a dissociation constant (Kd) of .ltoreq.1 .mu.M,
.ltoreq.100 nM, .ltoreq.10 nM, .ltoreq.1 nM, or .ltoreq.0.1 nM. In
certain embodiments, an antibody specifically binds to an epitope
on a protein that is conserved among the protein from different
species. In another embodiment, specific binding can include, but
does not require exclusive binding.
[0039] The term "antibody" herein is used in the broadest sense and
encompasses various antibody structures, including but not limited
to monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, multispecific
antibodies (e.g., bispecific antibodies), and antibody fragments so
long as they exhibit the desired antigen-binding activity.
[0040] An "antibody fragment" refers to a molecule other than an
intact antibody that comprises a portion of an intact antibody that
binds the antigen to which the intact antibody binds. Examples of
antibody fragments include but are not limited to Fv, Fab, Fab',
Fab'-SH, F(ab').sub.2; diabodies; linear antibodies; single-chain
antibody molecules (e.g. scFv); and multispecific antibodies formed
from antibody fragments.
[0041] An "antibody that binds to the same epitope" as a reference
antibody refers to an antibody that blocks binding of the reference
antibody to its antigen in a competition assay by 50% or more, and
conversely, the reference antibody blocks binding of the antibody
to its antigen in a competition assay by 50% or more. An exemplary
competition assay is provided herein.
[0042] The term "binding domain" refers to the region of a
polypeptide that binds to another molecule. In the case of an FcR,
the binding domain can comprise a portion of a polypeptide chain
thereof (e.g. the alpha chain thereof) which is responsible for
binding an Fc region. One useful binding domain is the
extracellular domain of an FcR alpha chain.
[0043] A polypeptide with a variant IgG Fc with "altered" FcR, ADCC
or phagocytosis activity is one which has either enhanced or
diminished FcR binding activity (e.g, Fc.gamma.R) and/or ADCC
activity and/or phagocytosis activity compared to a parent
polypeptide or to a polypeptide comprising a native sequence Fc
region.
[0044] The term "OX40," as used herein, refers to any native OX40
from any vertebrate source, including mammals such as primates
(e.g. humans) and rodents (e.g., mice and rats), unless otherwise
indicated. The term encompasses "full-length," unprocessed OX40 as
well as any form of OX40 that results from processing in the cell.
The term also encompasses naturally occurring variants of OX40,
e.g., splice variants or allelic variants. The amino acid sequence
of an exemplary human OX40 (minus the signal peptide) is as shown
in SEQ ID NO:1.
[0045] "OX40 activation" refers to activation, of the OX40
receptor. Generally, OX40 activation results in signal
transduction.
[0046] The terms "cancer" and "cancerous" refer to or describe the
physiological condition in mammals that is typically characterized
by unregulated cell growth. Included in this definition are benign
and malignant cancers. Examples of cancer include but are not
limited to, carcinoma, lymphoma, blastoma, sarcoma, and leukemia.
More particular examples of such cancers include epithelial ovarian
cancer, fallopian tube cancer, primary peritoneal cancer, squamous
cell cancer, lung cancer (including small-cell lung cancer,
non-small cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma of the lung, and
squamous carcinoma of the lung), cancer of the peritoneum,
hepatocellular cancer, gastric or stomach cancer (including
gastrointestinal cancer), pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, cervical
cancer, ovarian cancer (including platinum sensitive and platinum
resistant ovarian cancer), liver cancer, bladder cancer, hepatoma,
neuroblastoma, melanoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, colorectal
cancer, fallopian tube, peritoneal, endometrial or uterine
carcinoma, gynecologic cancers (e.g., ovarian, peritoneal,
fallopian tube, cervical, endometrial, vaginal, and vulvar cancer),
salivary gland carcinoma, kidney or renal cancer, liver cancer,
prostate cancer, vulval cancer, thyroid cancer, soft-tissue
sarcoma, kaposi's sarcoma, carcinoid carcinoma, mesothelioma,
multiple myeloma, hepatic carcinoma and various types of head and
neck cancer, as well as B-cell lymphoma (including low
grade/follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); small lymphocytic
(SL) NHL; intermediate grade/follicular NHL; intermediate grade
diffuse NHL; high grade immunoblastic NHL; high grade lymphoblastic
NHL; high grade small non-cleaved cell NHL; bulky disease NHL;
mantle cell lymphoma; AIDS-related lymphoma; and Waldenstrom's
Macroglobulinemia); chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); acute
lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); Hairy cell leukemia; chronic
myeloblastic leukemia; and post-transplant lymphoproliferative
disorder (PTLD), as well as abnormal vascular proliferation
associated with phakomatoses, edema (such as that associated with
brain tumors), and Meigs' syndrome.
[0047] The terms "cell proliferative disorder" and "proliferative
disorder" refer to disorders that are associated with some degree
of abnormal cell proliferation. In one embodiment, the cell
proliferative disorder is cancer.
[0048] The term "chimeric" antibody refers to an antibody in which
a portion of the heavy and/or light chain is derived from a
particular source or species, while the remainder of the heavy
and/or light chain is derived from a different source or
species.
[0049] The "class" of an antibody refers to the type of constant
domain or constant region possessed by its heavy chain. There are
five major classes of antibodies: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, and
several of these may be further divided into subclasses (isotypes),
e.g., IgG.sub.1, IgG.sub.2, IgG.sub.3, IgG.sub.4, IgA.sub.1, and
IgA.sub.2. The heavy chain constant domains that correspond to the
different classes of immunoglobulins are called .alpha., .delta.,
.epsilon., .gamma., and .mu., respectively.
[0050] "Complement dependent cytotoxicity" or "CDC" refers to the
lysis of a target cell in the presence of complement. Activation of
the classical complement pathway is initiated by the binding of the
first component of the complement system (C1q) to antibodies (of
the appropriate subclass), which are bound to their cognate
antigen. To assess complement activation, a CDC assay, e.g., as
described in Gazzano-Santoro et al., J. Immunol. Methods 202:163
(1996), may be performed. Polypeptide variants with altered Fc
region amino acid sequences (polypeptides with a variant Fc region)
and increased or decreased C1q binding capability are described,
e.g., in U.S. Pat. No. 6,194,551 B1 and WO 1999/51642. See also,
e.g., Idusogie et al. J. Immunol. 164: 4178-4184 (2000).
[0051] The term "cytostatic agent" refers to a compound or
composition which arrests growth of a cell either in vitro or in
vivo. Thus, a cytostatic agent may be one which significantly
reduces the percentage of cells in S phase. Further examples of
cytostatic agents include agents that block cell cycle progression
by inducing G0/G1 arrest or M-phase arrest. The humanized anti-Her2
antibody trastuzumab (HERCEPTIN.RTM.) is an example of a cytostatic
agent that induces G0/G1 arrest. Classical M-phase blockers include
the vincas (vincristine and vinblastine), taxanes, and
topoisomerase II inhibitors such as doxorubicin, epirubicin,
daunorubicin, etoposide, and bleomycin. Certain agents that arrest
G1 also spill over into S-phase arrest, for example, DNA alkylating
agents such as tamoxifen, prednisone, dacarbazine, mechlorethamine,
cisplatin, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and ara-C. Further
information can be found in Mendelsohn and Israel, eds., The
Molecular Basis of Cancer, Chapter 1, entitled "Cell cycle
regulation, oncogenes, and antineoplastic drugs" by Murakami et al.
(W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1995), e.g., p. 13. The taxanes
(paclitaxel and docetaxel) are anticancer drugs both derived from
the yew tree. Docetaxel (TAXOTERE.RTM., Rhone-Poulenc Rorer),
derived from the European yew, is a semisynthetic analogue of
paclitaxel (TAXOL.RTM., Bristol-Myers Squibb). Paclitaxel and
docetaxel promote the assembly of microtubules from tubulin dimers
and stabilize microtubules by preventing depolymerization, which
results in the inhibition of mitosis in cells.
[0052] The term "cytotoxic agent" as used herein refers to a
substance that inhibits or prevents a cellular function and/or
causes cell death or destruction. Cytotoxic agents include, but are
not limited to, radioactive isotopes (e.g., At.sup.211, I.sup.131,
I.sup.125, Y.sup.90, Re.sup.186, Re.sup.188, Sm.sup.153,
Bi.sup.212, P.sup.32, Pb.sup.212 and radioactive isotopes of Lu);
chemotherapeutic agents or drugs (e.g., methotrexate, adriamicin,
vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine, etoposide), doxorubicin,
melphalan, mitomycin C, chlorambucil, daunorubicin or other
intercalating agents); growth inhibitory agents; enzymes and
fragments thereof such as nucleolytic enzymes; antibiotics; toxins
such as small molecule toxins or enzymatically active toxins of
bacterial, fungal, plant or animal origin, including fragments
and/or variants thereof; and the various antitumor or anticancer
agents disclosed below.
[0053] A "depleting anti-OX40 antibody," is an anti-OX40 antibody
that kills or depletes OX40-expressing cells. Depletion of OX40
expressing cells can be achieved by various mechanisms, such as
antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and/or phagocytosis.
Depletion of OX40-expressing cells may be assayed in vitro, and
exemplary methods for in vitro ADCC and phagocytosis assays are
provided herein. In some embodiments, the OX40-expressing cell is a
human CD4+ effector T cell. In some embodiments, the
OX40-expressing cell is a transgenic BT474 cell that expresses
human OX40.
[0054] "Effector functions" refer to those biological activities
attributable to the Fc region of an antibody, which vary with the
antibody isotype. Examples of antibody effector functions include:
C1q binding and complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC); Fc
receptor binding; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
(ADCC); phagocytosis; down regulation of cell surface receptors
(e.g. B cell receptor); and B cell activation.
[0055] An "effective amount" is at least the minimum amount
required to effect a measurable improvement or prevention of a
particular disorder. An effective amount herein may vary according
to factors such as the disease state, age, sex, and weight of the
patient, and the ability of the antibody to elicit a desired
response in the individual. An effective amount is also one in
which any toxic or detrimental effects of the treatment are
outweighed by the therapeutically beneficial effects. For
prophylactic use, beneficial or desired results include results
such as eliminating or reducing the risk, lessening the severity,
or delaying the onset of the disease, including biochemical,
histological and/or behavioral symptoms of the disease, its
complications and intermediate pathological phenotypes presenting
during development of the disease. For therapeutic use, beneficial
or desired results include clinical results such as decreasing one
or more symptoms resulting from the disease, increasing the quality
of life of those suffering from the disease, decreasing the dose of
other medications required to treat the disease, enhancing effect
of another medication such as via targeting, delaying the
progression of the disease, and/or prolonging survival. In the case
of cancer or tumor, an effective amount of the drug may have the
effect in reducing the number of cancer cells; reducing the tumor
size; inhibiting (i.e., slow to some extent or desirably stop)
cancer cell infiltration into peripheral organs; inhibit (i.e.,
slow to some extent and desirably stop) tumor metastasis;
inhibiting to some extent tumor growth; and/or relieving to some
extent one or more of the symptoms associated with the disorder. An
effective amount can be administered in one or more
administrations. For purposes of this invention, an effective
amount of drug, compound, or pharmaceutical composition is an
amount sufficient to accomplish prophylactic or therapeutic
treatment either directly or indirectly. As is understood in the
clinical context, an effective amount of a drug, compound, or
pharmaceutical composition may or may not be achieved in
conjunction with another drug, compound, or pharmaceutical
composition. Thus, an "effective amount" may be considered in the
context of administering one or more therapeutic agents, and a
single agent may be considered to be given in an effective amount
if, in conjunction with one or more other agents, a desirable
result may be or is achieved.
[0056] "Fc receptor" or "FcR" describes a receptor that binds to
the Fc region of an antibody. In some embodiments, an FcR is a
native human FcR. In some embodiments, an FcR is one which binds an
IgG antibody (a gamma receptor) and includes receptors of the
Fc.gamma.RI, Fc.gamma.RII, and Fc.gamma.RIII subclasses, including
allelic variants and alternatively spliced forms of those
receptors. Fc.gamma.RII receptors include Fc.gamma.RIIA (an
"activating receptor") and Fc.gamma.RIIB (an "inhibiting
receptor"), which have similar amino acid sequences that differ
primarily in the cytoplasmic domains thereof. Activating receptor
Fc.gamma.RIIA contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation
motif (ITAM) in its cytoplasmic domain. Inhibiting receptor
Fc.gamma.RIB contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition
motif (ITIM) in its cytoplasmic domain. (see, e.g., Daeron, Annu.
Rev. Immunol. 15:203-234 (1997)). FcRs are reviewed, for example,
in Ravetch and Kinet, Annu. Rev. Immunol 9:457-92 (1991); Capel et
al., Immunomethods 4:25-34 (1994); and de Haas et al., J. Lab.
Clin. Med. 126:330-41 (1995). Other FcRs, including those to be
identified in the future, are encompassed by the term "FcR" herein.
The term "Fc receptor" or "FcR" also includes the neonatal
receptor, FcRn, which is responsible for the transfer of maternal
IgGs to the fetus (Guyer et al., J. Immunol. 117:587 (1976) and Kim
et al., J. Immunol. 24:249 (1994)) and regulation of homeostasis of
immunoglobulins. Methods of measuring binding to FcRn are known
(see, e.g., Ghetie and Ward., Immunol. Today 18(12):592-598 (1997);
Ghetie et al., Nature Biotechnology, 15(7):637-640 (1997); Hinton
et al., J. Biol. Chem. 279(8):6213-6216 (2004); WO 2004/92219
(Hinton et al.). Binding to human FcRn in vivo and serum half life
of human FcRn high affinity binding polypeptides can be assayed,
e.g., in transgenic mice or transfected human cell lines expressing
human FcRn, or in primates to which the polypeptides with a variant
Fc region are administered. WO 2000/42072 (Presta) describes
antibody variants with improved or diminished binding to FcRs. See
also, e.g., Shields et al. J. Biol. Chem. 9(2):6591-6604
(2001).
[0057] The term "Fc region" herein is used to define a C-terminal
region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain that contains at least a
portion of the constant region. The term includes native sequence
Fc regions and variant Fc regions. In one embodiment, a human IgG
heavy chain Fc region extends from Cys226, or from Pro230, to the
carboxyl-terminus of the heavy chain. However, the C-terminal
lysine (Lys447) of the Fc region may or may not be present. Unless
otherwise specified herein, numbering of amino acid residues in the
Fc region or constant region is according to the EU numbering
system, also called the EU index, as described in Kabat et al.,
Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th Ed. Public
Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.,
1991.
[0058] A "functional Fc region" possesses an "effector function" of
a native sequence Fc region. Exemplary "effector functions" include
C1q binding; CDC; Fc receptor binding; ADCC; phagocytosis; down
regulation of cell surface receptors (e.g. B cell receptor; BCR),
etc. Such effector functions generally require the Fc region to be
combined with a binding domain (e.g., an antibody variable domain)
and can be assessed using various assays as disclosed, for example,
in definitions herein.
[0059] "Human effector cells" refer to leukocytes that express one
or more FcRs and perform effector functions. In certain
embodiments, the cells express at least Fc.gamma.RIII and perform
ADCC effector function(s). Examples of human leukocytes which
mediate ADCC include peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC),
natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, cytotoxic T cells, and
neutrophils. The effector cells may be isolated from a native
source, e.g., from blood.
[0060] "Framework" or "FR" refers to variable domain residues other
than hypervariable region (HVR) residues. The FR of a variable
domain generally consists of four FR domains: FR1, FR2, FR3, and
FR4. Accordingly, the HVR and FR sequences generally appear in the
following sequence in VH (or VL):
FR1-H1(L1)-FR2-H2(L2)-FR3-H3(L3)-FR4.
[0061] The terms "full length antibody," "intact antibody," and
"whole antibody" are used herein interchangeably to refer to an
antibody having a structure substantially similar to a native
antibody structure or having heavy chains that contain an Fc region
as defined herein.
[0062] The terms "host cell," "host cell line," and "host cell
culture" are used interchangeably and refer to cells into which
exogenous nucleic acid has been introduced, including the progeny
of such cells. Host cells include "transformants" and "transformed
cells," which include the primary transformed cell and progeny
derived therefrom without regard to the number of passages. Progeny
may not be completely identical in nucleic acid content to a parent
cell, but may contain mutations. Mutant progeny that have the same
function or biological activity as screened or selected for in the
originally transformed cell are included herein.
[0063] A "human antibody" is one which possesses an amino acid
sequence which corresponds to that of an antibody produced by a
human or a human cell or derived from a non-human source that
utilizes human antibody repertoires or other human
antibody-encoding sequences. This definition of a human antibody
specifically excludes a humanized antibody comprising non-human
antigen-binding residues.
[0064] A "human consensus framework" is a framework which
represents the most commonly occurring amino acid residues in a
selection of human immunoglobulin VL or VH framework sequences.
Generally, the selection of human immunoglobulin VL or VH sequences
is from a subgroup of variable domain sequences. Generally, the
subgroup of sequences is a subgroup as in Kabat et al., Sequences
of Proteins of Immunological Interest, Fifth Edition, NIH
Publication 91-3242, Bethesda Md. (1991), vols. 1-3. In one
embodiment, for the VL, the subgroup is subgroup kappa I as in
Kabat et al., supra. In one embodiment, for the VH, the subgroup is
subgroup m as in Kabat et al., supra.
[0065] A "humanized" antibody refers to a chimeric antibody
comprising amino acid residues from non-human HVRs and amino acid
residues from human FRs. In certain embodiments, a humanized
antibody will comprise substantially all of at least one, and
typically two, variable domains, in which all or substantially all
of the HVRs (e.g., CDRs) correspond to those of a non-human
antibody, and all or substantially all of the FRs correspond to
those of a human antibody. A humanized antibody optionally may
comprise at least a portion of an antibody constant region derived
from a human antibody. A "humanized form" of an antibody, e.g., a
non-human antibody, refers to an antibody that has undergone
humanization.
[0066] The term "hypervariable region" or "HVR" as used herein
refers to each of the regions of an antibody variable domain which
are hypervariable in sequence ("complementarity determining
regions" or "CDRs") and/or form structurally defined loops
("hypervariable loops") and/or contain the antigen-contacting
residues ("antigen contacts"). Generally, antibodies comprise six
HVRs: three in the VH (H1, H2, H3), and three in the VL (L1, L2,
L3). Exemplary HVRs herein include:
(a) hypervariable loops occurring at amino acid residues 26-32
(L1), 50-52 (L2), 91-96 (L3), 26-32 (H1), 53-55 (H2), and 96-101
(H3) (Chothia and Lesk, J. Mol. Biol. 196:901-917 (1987)); (b) CDRs
occurring at amino acid residues 24-34 (L1), 50-56 (L2), 89-97
(L3), 31-35b (H1), 50-65 (H2), and 95-102 (H3) (Kabat et al.,
Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th Ed. Public
Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
(1991)); (c) antigen contacts occurring at amino acid residues
27c-36 (L1), 46-55 (L2), 89-96 (L3), 30-35b (H1), 47-58 (H2), and
93-101 (H3) (MacCallum et al. J. Mol. Biol. 262: 732-745 (1996));
and (d) combinations of (a), (b), and/or (c), including HVR amino
acid residues 46-56 (L2), 47-56 (L2), 48-56 (L2), 49-56 (L2), 26-35
(H1), 26-35b (H1), 49-65 (H2), 93-102 (H3), and 94-102 (H3). Unless
otherwise indicated, HVR residues and other residues in the
variable domain (e.g., FR residues) are numbered herein according
to Kabat et al., supra.
[0067] An "immunoconjugate" is an antibody conjugated to one or
more heterologous molecule(s), including but not limited to a
cytotoxic agent.
[0068] An "individual" or "subject" is a mammal. Mammals include,
but are not limited to, domesticated animals (e.g., cows, sheep,
cats, dogs, and horses), primates (e.g., humans and non-human
primates such as monkeys), rabbits, and rodents (e.g., mice and
rats). In certain embodiments, the individual or subject is a
human.
[0069] "Promoting cell growth or proliferation" means increasing a
cell's growth or proliferation by at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%,
60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 100%.
[0070] An "isolated" antibody is one which has been separated from
a component of its natural environment. In some embodiments, an
antibody is purified to greater than 95% or 99% purity as
determined by, for example, electrophoretic (e.g., SDS-PAGE,
isoelectric focusing (IEF), capillary electrophoresis) or
chromatographic (e.g., ion exchange or reverse phase HPLC). For
review of methods for assessment of antibody purity, see, e.g.,
Flatman et al., J. Chromatogr. B 848:79-87 (2007).
[0071] An "isolated" nucleic acid refers to a nucleic acid molecule
that has been separated from a component of its natural
environment. An isolated nucleic acid includes a nucleic acid
molecule contained in cells that ordinarily contain the nucleic
acid molecule, but the nucleic acid molecule is present
extrachromosomally or at a chromosomal location that is different
from its natural chromosomal location.
[0072] "Isolated nucleic acid encoding an anti-OX40 antibody"
refers to one or more nucleic acid molecules encoding antibody
heavy and light chains (or fragments thereof), including such
nucleic acid molecule(s) in a single vector or separate vectors,
and such nucleic acid molecule(s) present at one or more locations
in a host cell.
[0073] The term "monoclonal antibody" as used herein refers to an
antibody obtained from a population of substantially homogeneous
antibodies, i.e., the individual antibodies comprising the
population are identical and/or bind the same epitope, except for
possible variant antibodies, e.g., containing naturally occurring
mutations or arising during production of a monoclonal antibody
preparation, such variants generally being present in minor
amounts. In contrast to polyclonal antibody preparations, which
typically include different antibodies directed against different
determinants (epitopes), each monoclonal antibody of a monoclonal
antibody preparation is directed against a single determinant on an
antigen. Thus, the modifier "monoclonal" indicates the character of
the antibody as being obtained from a substantially homogeneous
population of antibodies, and is not to be construed as requiring
production of the antibody by any particular method. For example,
the monoclonal antibodies to be used in accordance with the present
invention may be made by a variety of techniques, including but not
limited to the hybridoma method, recombinant DNA methods,
phage-display methods, and methods utilizing transgenic animals
containing all or part of the human immunoglobulin loci, such
methods and other exemplary methods for making monoclonal
antibodies being described herein.
[0074] A "naked antibody" refers to an antibody that is not
conjugated to a heterologous moiety (e.g., a cytotoxic moiety) or
radiolabel. The naked antibody may be present in a pharmaceutical
formulation.
[0075] "Native antibodies" refer to naturally occurring
immunoglobulin molecules with varying structures. For example,
native IgG antibodies are heterotetrameric glycoproteins of about
150,000 daltons, composed of two identical light chains and two
identical heavy chains that are disulfide-bonded. From N- to
C-terminus, each heavy chain has a variable region (VH), also
called a variable heavy domain or a heavy chain variable domain,
followed by three constant domains (CH1, CH2, and CH3). Similarly,
from N- to C-terminus, each light chain has a variable region (VL),
also called a variable light domain or a light chain variable
domain, followed by a constant light (CL) domain. The light chain
of an antibody may be assigned to one of two types, called kappa
(.kappa.) and lambda (.lamda.), based on the amino acid sequence of
its constant domain. A "native sequence Fc region" comprises an
amino acid sequence identical to the amino acid sequence of an Fc
region found in nature. Native sequence human Fc regions include a
native sequence human IgG1 Fc region (non-A and A allotypes);
native sequence human IgG2 Fc region; native sequence human IgG3 Fc
region; and native sequence human IgG4 Fc region as well as
naturally occurring variants thereof.
[0076] The term "package insert" is used to refer to instructions
customarily included in commercial packages of therapeutic
products, that contain information about the indications, usage,
dosage, administration, combination therapy, contraindications
and/or warnings concerning the use of such therapeutic
products.
[0077] "Percent (%) amino acid sequence identity" with respect to a
reference polypeptide sequence is defined as the percentage of
amino acid residues in a candidate sequence that are identical with
the amino acid residues in the reference polypeptide sequence,
after aligning the sequences and introducing gaps, if necessary, to
achieve the maximum percent sequence identity, and not considering
any conservative substitutions as part of the sequence identity.
Alignment for purposes of determining percent amino acid sequence
identity can be achieved in various ways that are within the skill
in the art, for instance, using publicly available computer
software such as BLAST, BLAST-2, ALIGN or Megalign (DNASTAR)
software. Those skilled in the art can determine appropriate
parameters for aligning sequences, including any algorithms needed
to achieve maximal alignment over the full length of the sequences
being compared. For purposes herein, however, % amino acid sequence
identity values are generated using the sequence comparison
computer program ALIGN-2. The ALIGN-2 sequence comparison computer
program was authored by Genentech, Inc., and the source code has
been filed with user documentation in the U.S. Copyright Office,
Washington D.C., 20559, where it is registered under U.S. Copyright
Registration No. TXU510087. The ALIGN-2 program is publicly
available from Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, Calif., or may
be compiled from the source code. The ALIGN-2 program should be
compiled for use on a UNIX operating system, including digital UNIX
V4.0D. All sequence comparison parameters are set by the ALIGN-2
program and do not vary.
[0078] In situations where ALIGN-2 is employed for amino acid
sequence comparisons, the % amino acid sequence identity of a given
amino acid sequence A to, with, or against a given amino acid
sequence B (which can alternatively be phrased as a given amino
acid sequence A that has or comprises a certain % amino acid
sequence identity to, with, or against a given amino acid sequence
B) is calculated as follows:
100 times the fraction X/Y
where X is the number of amino acid residues scored as identical
matches by the sequence alignment program ALIGN-2 in that program's
alignment of A and B, and where Y is the total number of amino acid
residues in B. It will be appreciated that where the length of
amino acid sequence A is not equal to the length of amino acid
sequence B, the % amino acid sequence identity of A to B will not
equal the % amino acid sequence identity of B to A. Unless
specifically stated otherwise, all % amino acid sequence identity
values used herein are obtained as described in the immediately
preceding paragraph using the ALIGN-2 computer program.
[0079] The term "pharmaceutical formulation" refers to a
preparation which is in such form as to permit the biological
activity of an active ingredient contained therein to be effective,
and which contains no additional components which are unacceptably
toxic to a subject to which the formulation would be
administered.
[0080] A "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" refers to an
ingredient in a pharmaceutical formulation, other than an active
ingredient, which is nontoxic to a subject. A pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier includes, but is not limited to, a buffer,
excipient, stabilizer, or preservative.
[0081] As used herein, "treatment" (and grammatical variations
thereof such as "treat" or "treating") refers to clinical
intervention in an attempt to alter the natural course of the
individual being treated, and can be performed either for
prophylaxis or during the course of clinical pathology. Desirable
effects of treatment include, but are not limited to, preventing
occurrence or recurrence of disease, alleviation of symptoms,
diminishment of any direct or indirect pathological consequences of
the disease, preventing metastasis, decreasing the rate of disease
progression, amelioration or palliation of the disease state, and
remission or improved prognosis. In some embodiments, antibodies of
the invention are used to delay development of a disease or to slow
the progression of a disease.
[0082] As used herein, "in conjunction with" refers to
administration of one treatment modality in addition to another
treatment modality. As such, "in conjunction with" refers to
administration of one treatment modality before, during, or after
administration of the other treatment modality to the individual.
For example, an anti-angiogenesis agent may be administered in
conjunction with an OX40 binding agonist. An anti-angiogenesis
agent and an OX40 binding agonist may be administered in
conjunction with another a chemotherapeutic agent.
[0083] The term "tumor" refers to all neoplastic cell growth and
proliferation, whether malignant or benign, and all pre-cancerous
and cancerous cells and tissues. The terms "cancer," "cancerous,"
"cell proliferative disorder," "proliferative disorder" and "tumor"
are not mutually exclusive as referred to herein.
[0084] The term "variable region" or "variable domain" refers to
the domain of an antibody heavy or light chain that is involved in
binding the antibody to antigen. The variable domains of the heavy
chain and light chain (VH and VL, respectively) of a native
antibody generally have similar structures, with each domain
comprising four conserved framework regions (FRs) and three
hypervariable regions (HVRs). (See, e.g., Kindt et al. Kuby
Immunology, 6.sup.th ed., W.H. Freeman and Co., page 91 (2007).) A
single VH or VL domain may be sufficient to confer antigen-binding
specificity. Furthermore, antibodies that bind a particular antigen
may be isolated using a VH or VL domain from an antibody that binds
the antigen to screen a library of complementary VL or VH domains,
respectively. See, e.g., Portolano et al., J. Immunol. 150:880-887
(1993); Clarkson et al., Nature 352:624-628 (1991).
[0085] A "variant Fc region" comprises an amino acid sequence which
differs from that of a native sequence Fc region by virtue of at
least one amino acid modification, preferably one or more amino
acid substitution(s). Preferably, the variant Fc region has at
least one amino acid substitution compared to a native sequence Fc
region or to the Fc region of a parent polypeptide, e.g. from about
one to about ten amino acid substitutions, and preferably from
about one to about five amino acid substitutions in a native
sequence Fc region or in the Fc region of the parent polypeptide.
The variant Fc region herein will preferably possess at least about
80% homology with a native sequence Fc region and/or with an Fc
region of a parent polypeptide, and most preferably at least about
90% homology therewith, more preferably at least about 95% homology
therewith.
[0086] The term "vector," as used herein, refers to a nucleic acid
molecule capable of propagating another nucleic acid to which it is
linked. The term includes the vector as a self-replicating nucleic
acid structure as well as the vector incorporated into the genome
of a host cell into which it has been introduced. Certain vectors
are capable of directing the expression of nucleic acids to which
they are operatively linked. Such vectors are referred to herein as
"expression vectors."
[0087] A "VH subgroup III consensus framework" comprises the
consensus sequence obtained from the amino acid sequences in
variable heavy subgroup II of Kabat et al. In one embodiment, the
VH subgroup II consensus framework amino acid sequence comprises at
least a portion or all of each of the following sequences:
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAAS (SEQ ID NO:222)-H1-WVRQAPGKGLEWV (SEQ ID
NO:223)-H2-RFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYC (SEQ ID
NO:224)-H3-WGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:225).
[0088] A "VL subgroup I consensus framework" comprises the
consensus sequence obtained from the amino acid sequences in
variable light kappa subgroup I of Kabat et al. In one embodiment,
the VH subgroup I consensus framework amino acid sequence comprises
at least a portion or all of each of the following sequences:
TABLE-US-00001 (SEQ ID NO: 226) DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITC L1 (SEQ ID
NO: 227) WYQQKPGKAPKLLIY L2 (SEQ ID NO: 228)
GVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC L3 (SEQ ID NO: 229)
FGQGTKVEIK.
[0089] The term "cytotoxic agent" as used herein refers to a
substance that inhibits or prevents a cellular function and/or
causes cell death or destruction. Cytotoxic agents include, but are
not limited to, radioactive isotopes (e.g., At211, I131, I125, Y90,
Re186, Re188, Sm153, Bi212, P32, Pb212 and radioactive isotopes of
Lu); chemotherapeutic agents; growth inhibitory agents; enzymes and
fragments thereof such as nucleolytic enzymes; and toxins such as
small molecule toxins or enzymatically active toxins of bacterial,
fungal, plant or animal origin, including fragments and/or variants
thereof. Exemplary cytotoxic agents can be selected from
anti-microtubule agents, platinum coordination complexes,
alkylating agents, antibiotic agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors,
antimetabolites, topoisomerase I inhibitors, hormones and hormonal
analogues, signal transduction pathway inhibitors, non-receptor
tyrosine kinase angiogenesis inhibitors, immunotherapeutic agents,
proapoptotic agents, inhibitors of LDH-A; inhibitors of fatty acid
biosynthesis; cell cycle signalling inhibitors; HDAC inhibitors,
proteasome inhibitors; and inhibitors of cancer metabolism.
[0090] In one embodiment the cytotoxic agent is selected from
anti-microtubule agents, platinum coordination complexes,
alkylating agents, antibiotic agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors,
antimetabolites, topoisomerase I inhibitors, hormones and hormonal
analogues, signal transduction pathway inhibitors, non-receptor
tyrosine kinase angiogenesis inhibitors, immunotherapeutic agents,
proapoptotic agents, inhibitors of LDH-A, inhibitors of fatty acid
biosynthesis, cell cycle signalling inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors,
proteasome inhibitors, and inhibitors of cancer metabolism. In one
embodiment the cytotoxic agent is a taxane. In one embodiment the
taxane is paclitaxel or docetaxel. In one embodiment the cytotoxic
agent is a platinum agent. In one embodiment the cytotoxic agent is
an antagonist of EGFR. In one embodiment the antagonist of EGFR is
N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)quinazolin-4-amine
(e.g., erlotinib). In one embodiment the cytotoxic agent is a RAF
inhibitor. In one embodiment, the RAF inhibitor is a BRAF and/or
CRAF inhibitor. In one embodiment the RAF inhibitor is vemurafenib.
In one embodiment the cytotoxic agent is a PI3K inhibitor.
[0091] "Chemotherapeutic agent" includes chemical compounds useful
in the treatment of cancer. Examples of chemotherapeutic agents
include erlotinib (TARCEVA.RTM., Genentech/OSI Pharm.), bortezomib
(VELCADE.RTM., Millennium Pharm.), disulfiram, epigallocatechin
gallate, salinosporamide A, carfilzomib, 17-AAG (geldanamycin),
radicicol, lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A), fulvestrant
(FASLODEX.RTM., AstraZeneca), sunitib (SUTENT.RTM., Pfizer/Sugen),
letrozole (FEMARA.RTM., Novartis), imatinib mesylate (GLEEVEC.RTM.,
Novartis), finasunate (VATALANIB.RTM., Novartis), oxaliplatin
(ELOXATIN.RTM., Sanofi), 5-FU (5-fluorouracil), leucovorin,
Rapamycin (Sirolimus, RAPAMUNE.RTM., Wyeth), lapatinib
(TYKERB.RTM., GSK572016, Glaxo Smith Kline), Lonafamib (SCH 66336),
sorafenib (NEXAVAR.RTM., Bayer Labs), gefitinib (IRESSA.RTM.,
AstraZeneca), AG1478, alkylating agents such as thiotepa and
CYTOXAN.RTM. cyclosphosphamide; alkyl sulfonates such as busulfan,
improsulfan and piposulfan; aziridines such as benzodopa,
carboquone, meturedopa, and uredopa; ethylenimines and
methylamelamines including altretamine, triethylenemelamine,
triethylenephosphoramide, triethylenethiophosphoramide and
trimethylomelamine; acetogenins (especially bullatacin and
bullatacinone); a camptothecin (including topotecan and
irinotecan); bryostatin; callystatin; CC-1065 (including its
adozelesin, carzelesin and bizelesin synthetic analogs);
cryptophycins (particularly cryptophycin 1 and cryptophycin 8);
adrenocorticosteroids (including prednisone and prednisolone);
cyproterone acetate; Sa-reductases including finasteride and
dutasteride); vorinostat, romidepsin, panobinostat, valproic acid,
mocetinostat dolastatin; aldesleukin, talc duocarmycin (including
the synthetic analogs, KW-2189 and CBI-TM1); eleutherobin;
pancratistatin; a sarcodictyin; spongistatin; nitrogen mustards
such as chlorambucil, chlomaphazine, chlorophosphamide,
estramustine, ifosfamide, mechlorethamine, mechlorethamine oxide
hydrochloride, melphalan, novembichin, phenesterine, prednimustine,
trofosfamide, uracil mustard; nitrosoureas such as carmustine,
chlorozotocin, fotemustine, lomustine, nimustine, and ranimnustine;
antibiotics such as the enediyne antibiotics (e.g., calicheamicin,
especially calicheamicin .gamma.1I and calicheamicin .omega.1I
(Angew Chem. Intl. Ed. Engl. 1994 33:183-186); dynemicin, including
dynemicin A; bisphosphonates, such as clodronate; an esperamicin;
as well as neocarzinostatin chromophore and related chromoprotein
enediyne antibiotic chromophores), aclacinomysins, actinomycin,
authramycin, azaserine, bleomycins, cactinomycin, carabicin,
caminomycin, carzinophilin, chromomycinis, dactinomycin,
daunorubicin, detorubicin, 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine,
ADRIAMYCIN.RTM. (doxorubicin), morpholino-doxorubicin,
cyanomorpholino-doxorubicin, 2-pyrrolino-doxorubicin and
deoxydoxorubicin), epirubicin, esorubicin, idarubicin,
marcellomycin, mitomycins such as mitomycin C, mycophenolic acid,
nogalamycin, olivomycins, peplomycin, porfiromycin, puromycin,
quelamycin, rodorubicin, streptonigrin, streptozocin, tubercidin,
ubenimex, zinostatin, zorubicin; antimetabolites such as
methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); folic acid analogs such as
denopterin, methotrexate, pteropterin, trimetrexate; purine analogs
such as fludarabine, 6-mercaptopurine, thiamiprine, thioguanine;
pyrimidine analogs such as ancitabine, azacitidine, 6-azauridine,
carmofur, cytarabine, dideoxyuridine, doxifluridine, enocitabine,
floxuridine; androgens such as calusterone, dromostanolone
propionate, epitiostanol, mepitiostane, testolactone; anti-adrenals
such as aminoglutethimide, mitotane, trilostane; folic acid
replenisher such as frolinic acid; aceglatone; aldophosphamide
glycoside; aminolevulinic acid; eniluracil; amsacrine; bestrabucil;
bisantrene; edatraxate; defofamine; demecolcine; diaziquone;
elfomithine; elliptinium acetate; an epothilone; etoglucid; gallium
nitrate; hydroxyurea; lentinan; lonidainine; maytansinoids such as
maytansine and ansamitocins; mitoguazone; mitoxantrone; mopidamnol;
nitraerine; pentostatin; phenamet; pirarubicin; losoxantrone;
podophyllinic acid; 2-ethylhydrazide; procarbazine; PSK.RTM.
polysaccharide complex (JHS Natural Products, Eugene, Oreg.);
razoxane; rhizoxin; sizofuran; spirogermanium; tenuazonic acid;
triaziquone; 2,2',2''-trichlorotriethylamine; trichothecenes
(especially T-2 toxin, verracurin A, roridin A and anguidine);
urethan; vindesine; dacarbazine; mannomustine; mitobronitol;
mitolactol; pipobroman; gacytosine; arabinoside ("Ara-C");
cyclophosphamide; thiotepa; taxoids, e.g., TAXOL (paclitaxel;
Bristol-Myers Squibb Oncology, Princeton, N.J.), ABRAXANE.RTM.
(Cremophor-free), albumin-engineered nanoparticle formulations of
paclitaxel (American Pharmaceutical Partners, Schaumberg, Ill.),
and TAXOTERE.RTM. (docetaxel, doxetaxel; Sanofi-Aventis);
chloranmbucil; GEMZAR.RTM. (gemcitabine); 6-thioguanine;
mercaptopurine; methotrexate; platinum analogs such as cisplatin
and carboplatin; vinblastine; etoposide (VP-16); ifosfamide;
mitoxantrone; vincristine; NAVELBINE.RTM. (vinorelbine);
novantrone; teniposide; edatrexate; daunomycin; aminopterin;
capecitabine (XELODA.RTM.); ibandronate; CPT-11; topoisomerase
inhibitor RFS 2000; difluoromethylornithine (DMFO); retinoids such
as retinoic acid; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, acids and
derivatives of any of the above.
[0092] Chemotherapeutic agent also includes (i) anti-hormonal
agents that act to regulate or inhibit hormone action on tumors
such as anti-estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators
(SERMs), including, for example, tamoxifen (including
NOLVADEX.RTM.; tamoxifen citrate), raloxifene, droloxifene,
iodoxyfene, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, trioxifene, keoxifene, LY117018,
onapristone, and FARESTON.RTM. (toremifine citrate); (ii) aromatase
inhibitors that inhibit the enzyme aromatase, which regulates
estrogen production in the adrenal glands, such as, for example,
4(5)-imidazoles, aminoglutethimide, MEGASE.RTM. (megestrol
acetate), AROMASIN.RTM. (exemestane; Pfizer), formestanie,
fadrozole, RIVISOR.RTM. (vorozole), FEMARA.RTM. (letrozole;
Novartis), and ARIMIDEX.RTM. (anastrozole; AstraZeneca); (iii)
anti-androgens such as flutamide, nilutamide, bicalutamide,
leuprolide and goserelin; buserelin, tripterelin,
medroxyprogesterone acetate, diethylstilbestrol, premarin,
fluoxymesterone, all transretionic acid, fenretinide, as well as
troxacitabine (a 1,3-dioxolane nucleoside cytosine analog); (iv)
protein kinase inhibitors; (v) lipid kinase inhibitors; (vi)
antisense oligonucleotides, particularly those which inhibit
expression of genes in signaling pathways implicated in aberrant
cell proliferation, such as, for example, PKC-alpha, Ralf and
H-Ras; (vii) ribozymes such as VEGF expression inhibitors (e.g.,
ANGIOZYME.RTM.) and HER2 expression inhibitors; (viii) vaccines
such as gene therapy vaccines, for example, ALLOVECTIN.RTM.,
LEUVECTIN.RTM., and VAXID.RTM.; PROLEUKIN.RTM., rIL-2; a
topoisomerase 1 inhibitor such as LURTOTECAN.RTM.; ABARELIX.RTM.
rmRH; and (ix) pharmaceutically acceptable salts, acids and
derivatives of any of the above.
[0093] Chemotherapeutic agent also includes antibodies such as
alemtuzumab (Campath), cetuximab (ERBITUX.RTM., Imclone);
panitumumab (VECTIBIX.RTM., Amgen), rituximab (RITUXAN.RTM.,
Genentech/Biogen Idec), pertuzumab (OMNITARG.RTM., 2C4, Genentech),
trastuzumab (HERCEPTIN.RTM., Genentech), tositumomab (Bexxar,
Corixia), and the antibody drug conjugate, gemtuzumab ozogamicin
(MYLOTARG.RTM., Wyeth). Additional humanized monoclonal antibodies
with therapeutic potential as agents in combination with the
compounds of the invention include: apolizumab, aselizumab,
atlizumab, bapineuzumab, bivatuzumab mertansine, cantuzumab
mertansine, cedelizumab, certolizumab pegol, cidfusituzumab,
cidtuzumab, daclizumab, eculizumab, efalizumab, epratuzumab,
erlizumab, felvizumab, fontolizumab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin,
inotuzumab ozogamicin, ipilimumab, labetuzumab, lintuzumab,
matuzumab, mepolizumab, motavizumab, motovizumab, natalizumab,
nimotuzumab, nolovizumab, numavizumab, ocrelizumab, omalizumab,
palivizumab, pascolizumab, pecfusituzumab, pectuzumab, pexelizumab,
ralivizumab, ranibizumab, reslivizumab, reslizumab, resyvizumab,
rovelizumab, ruplizumab, sibrotuzumab, siplizumab, sontuzumab,
tacatuzumab tetraxetan, tadocizumab, talizumab, tefibazumab,
tocilizumab, toralizumab, tucotuzumab celmoleukin, tucusituzumab,
umavizumab, urtoxazumab, ustekinumab, visilizumab, and the
anti-interleukin-12 (ABT-874/J695, Wyeth Research and Abbott
Laboratories) which is a recombinant exclusively human-sequence,
full-length IgG1 .lamda. antibody genetically modified to recognize
interleukin-12 p40 protein.
[0094] Chemotherapeutic agent also includes "EGFR inhibitors,"
which refers to compounds that bind to or otherwise interact
directly with EGFR and prevent or reduce its signaling activity,
and is alternatively referred to as an "EGFR antagonist." Examples
of such agents include antibodies and small molecules that bind to
EGFR. Examples of antibodies which bind to EGFR include MAb 579
(ATCC CRL HB 8506), MAb 455 (ATCC CRL HB8507), MAb 225 (ATCC CRL
8508), MAb 528 (ATCC CRL 8509) (see, U.S. Pat. No. 4,943,533,
Mendelsohn et al.) and variants thereof, such as chimerized 225
(C225 or Cetuximab; ERBUTIX.RTM.) and reshaped human 225 (H225)
(see, WO 96/40210, Imclone Systems Inc.); IMC-11F8, a fully human,
EGFR-targeted antibody (Imclone); antibodies that bind type II
mutant EGFR (U.S. Pat. No. 5,212,290); humanized and chimeric
antibodies that bind EGFR as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,891,996;
and human antibodies that bind EGFR, such as ABX-EGF or Panitumumab
(see WO98/50433, Abgenix/Amgen); EMD 55900 (Stragliotto et al. Eur.
J. Cancer 32A:636-640 (1996)); EMD7200 (matuzumab) a humanized EGFR
antibody directed against EGFR that competes with both EGF and
TGF-alpha for EGFR binding (EMD/Merck); human EGFR antibody,
HuMax-EGFR (GenMab); fully human antibodies known as E1.1, E2.4,
E2.5, E6.2, E6.4, E2.11, E6. 3 and E7.6. 3 and described in U.S.
Pat. No. 6,235,883; MDX-447 (Medarex Inc); and mAb 806 or humanized
mAb 806 (Johns et al., J. Biol. Chem. 279(29):30375-30384 (2004)).
The anti-EGFR antibody may be conjugated with a cytotoxic agent,
thus generating an immunoconjugate (see, e.g., EP659,439A2, Merck
Patent GmbH). EGFR antagonists include small molecules such as
compounds described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,616,582, 5,457,105,
5,475,001, 5,654,307, 5,679,683, 6,084,095, 6,265,410, 6,455,534,
6,521,620, 6,596,726, 6,713,484, 5,770,599, 6,140,332, 5,866,572,
6,399,602, 6,344,459, 6,602,863, 6,391,874, 6,344,455, 5,760,041,
6,002,008, and 5,747,498, as well as the following PCT
publications: WO98/14451, WO98/50038, WO99/09016, and WO99/24037.
Particular small molecule EGFR antagonists include OSI-774
(CP-358774, erlotinib, TARCEVA.RTM. Genentech/OSI Pharmaceuticals);
PD 183805 (CI 1033, 2-propenamide,
N-[4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-7-[3-(4-morpholinyl)propoxy]-6-quin-
azolinyl]-, dihydrochloride, Pfizer Inc.); ZD1839, gefitinib
(IRESSA.RTM.)
4-(3'-Chloro-4'-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxy-6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)quinazoli-
ne, AstraZeneca); ZM 105180
((6-amino-4-(3-methylphenyl-amino)-quinazoline, Zeneca); BIBX-1382
(N8-(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-N2-(1-methyl-piperidin-4-yl)-pyrimido[5,4--
d]pyrimidine-2,8-diamine, Boehringer Ingelheim); PKI-166
((R)-4-[4-[(1-phenylethyl)amino]-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl]-phenol)-
;
(R)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(1-phenylethyl)amino]-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimi-
dine); CL-387785
(N-[4-[(3-bromophenyl)amino]-6-quinazolinyl]-2-butynamide); EKB-569
(N-[4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-3-cyano-7-ethoxy-6-quinolinyl]-4-(-
dimethylamino)-2-butenamide) (Wyeth); AG1478 (Pfizer); AG1571 (SU
5271; Pfizer); dual EGFR/HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as
lapatinib (TYKERB.RTM., GSK572016 or N-[3-chloro-4-[(3
fluorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-6[5[[[2methylsulfonyl)ethyl]amino]methyl]-2--
furanyl]-4-quinazolinamine).
[0095] Chemotherapeutic agents also include "tyrosine kinase
inhibitors" including the EGFR-targeted drugs noted in the
preceding paragraph; small molecule HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor
such as TAK165 available from Takeda; CP-724,714, an oral selective
inhibitor of the ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase (Pfizer and OSI);
dual-HER inhibitors such as EKB-569 (available from Wyeth) which
preferentially binds EGFR but inhibits both HER2 and
EGFR-overexpressing cells; lapatinib (GSK572016; available from
Glaxo-SmithKline), an oral HER2 and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor;
PKI-166 (available from Novartis); pan-HER inhibitors such as
canertinib (CI-1033; Pharmacia); Raf-1 inhibitors such as antisense
agent ISIS-5132 available from ISIS Pharmaceuticals which inhibit
Raf-1 signaling; non-HER targeted TK inhibitors; multi-targeted
tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib (SUTENT.RTM.,
available from Pfizer); VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors
such as vatalanib (PTK787/ZK222584, available from
Novartis/Schering AG); MAPK extracellular regulated kinase I
inhibitor CI-1040 (available from Pharmacia); quinazolines, such as
PD 153035,4-(3-chloroanilino) quinazoline; pyridopyrimidines;
pyrimidopyrimidines; pyrrolopyrimidines, such as CGP 59326, CGP
60261 and CGP 62706; pyrazolopyrimidines,
4-(phenylamino)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines; curcumin (diferuloyl
methane, 4,5-bis (4-fluoroanilino)phthalimide); tyrphostines
containing nitrothiophene moieties; PD-0183805 (Warner-Lamber);
antisense molecules (e.g. those that bind to HER-encoding nucleic
acid); quinoxalines (U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,396); tryphostins (U.S.
Pat. No. 5,804,396); ZD6474 (Astra Zeneca); PTK-787
(Novartis/Schering AG); pan-HER inhibitors such as CI-1033
(Pfizer); Affinitac (ISIS 3521; Isis/Lilly); imatinib mesylate
(GLEEVEC.RTM.); PKI 166 (Novartis); GW2016 (Glaxo SmithKline);
CI-1033 (Pfizer); EKB-569 (Wyeth); Semaxinib (Pfizer); ZD6474
(AstraZeneca); PTK-787 (Novartis/Schering AG); INC-1C11 (Imclone),
rapamycin (sirolimus, RAPAMUNE.RTM.); or as described in any of the
following patent publications: U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,396; WO
1999/09016 (American Cyanamid); WO 1998/43960 (American Cyanamid);
WO 1997/38983 (Warner Lambert); WO 1999/06378 (Warner Lambert); WO
1999/06396 (Warner Lambert); WO 1996/30347 (Pfizer, Inc); WO
1996/33978 (Zeneca); WO 1996/3397 (Zeneca) and WO 1996/33980
(Zeneca).
[0096] Chemotherapeutic agents also include dexamethasone,
interferons, colchicine, metoprine, cyclosporine, amphotericin,
metronidazole, alemtuzumab, alitretinoin, allopurinol, amifostine,
arsenic trioxide, asparaginase, BCG live, bevacuzimab, bexarotene,
cladribine, clofarabine, darbepoetin alfa, denileukin, dexrazoxane,
epoetin alfa, elotinib, filgrastim, histrelin acetate, ibritumomab,
interferon alfa-2a, interferon alfa-2b, lenalidomide, levamisole,
mesna, methoxsalen, nandrolone, nelarabine, nofetumomab,
oprelvekin, palifermin, pamidronate, pegademase, pegaspargase,
pegfilgrastim, pemetrexed disodium, plicamycin, porfimer sodium,
quinacrine, rasburicase, sargramostim, temozolomide, VM-26, 6-TG,
toremifene, tretinoin, ATRA, valrubicin, zoledronate, and
zoledronic acid, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
[0097] Chemotherapeutic agents also include hydrocortisone,
hydrocortisone acetate, cortisone acetate, tixocortol pivalate,
triamcinolone acetonide, triamcinolone alcohol, mometasone,
amcinonide, budesonide, desonide, fluocinonide, fluocinolone
acetonide, betamethasone, betamethasone sodium phosphate,
dexamethasone, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, fluocortolone,
hydrocortisone-17-butyrate, hydrocortisone-17-valerate,
aclometasone dipropionate, betamethasone valerate, betamethasone
dipropionate, prednicarbate, clobetasone-17-butyrate,
clobetasol-17-propionate, fluocortolone caproate, fluocortolone
pivalate and fluprednidene acetate; immune selective
anti-inflammatory peptides (ImSAIDs) such as
phenylalanine-glutamine-glycine (FEG) and its D-isomeric form (feG)
(IMULAN BioTherapeutics, LLC); anti-rheumatic drugs such as
azathioprine, ciclosporin (cyclosporine A), D-penicillamine, gold
salts, hydroxychloroquine, leflunomideminocycline, sulfasalazine,
tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF.alpha.) blockers such as
etanercept (Enbrel), infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),
certolizumab pegol (Cimzia), golimumab (Simponi), Interleukin 1
(IL-1) blockers such as anakinra (Kineret), T cell costimulation
blockers such as abatacept (Orencia), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) blockers
such as tocilizumab (ACTEMERA.RTM.); Interleukin 13 (IL-13)
blockers such as lebrikizumab; Interferon alpha (IFN) blockers such
as Rontalizumab; Beta 7 integrin blockers such as rhuMAb Beta7; IgE
pathway blockers such as Anti-M1 prime; Secreted homotrimeric LTa3
and membrane bound heterotrimer LTa1/.beta.2 blockers such as
Anti-lymphotoxin alpha (LTa); radioactive isotopes (e.g., At211,
I131, I125, Y90, Re186, Re188, Sm153, Bi212, P32, Pb212 and
radioactive isotopes of Lu); miscellaneous investigational agents
such as thioplatin, PS-341, phenylbutyrate, ET-18-OCH3, or farnesyl
transferase inhibitors (L-739749, L-744832); polyphenols such as
quercetin, resveratrol, piceatannol, epigallocatechine gallate,
theaflavins, flavanols, procyanidins, betulinic acid and
derivatives thereof; autophagy inhibitors such as chloroquine;
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol, MARINOL.RTM.);
beta-lapachone; lapachol; colchicines; betulinic acid;
acetylcamptothecin, scopolectin, and 9-aminocamptothecin);
podophyllotoxin; tegafur (UFTORAL.RTM.); bexarotene
(TARGRETIN.RTM.); bisphosphonates such as clodronate (for example,
BONEFOS.RTM. or OSTAC.RTM.), etidronate (DIDROCAL.RTM.), NE-58095,
zoledronic acid/zoledronate (ZOMETA.RTM.), alendronate
(FOSAMAX.RTM.), pamidronate (AREDIA.RTM.), tiludronate
(SKELID.RTM.), or risedronate (ACTONEL.RTM.); and epidermal growth
factor receptor (EGFR); vaccines such as THERATOPE.RTM. vaccine;
perifosine, COX-2 inhibitor (e.g. celecoxib or etoricoxib),
proteosome inhibitor (e.g. PS341); CCI-779; tipifarnib (R11577);
orafenib, ABT510; Bcl-2 inhibitor such as oblimersen sodium
(GENASENSE.RTM.); pixantrone; farnesyltransferase inhibitors such
as lonafarnib (SCH 6636, SARASAR.TM.); and pharmaceutically
acceptable salts, acids or derivatives of any of the above; as well
as combinations of two or more of the above such as CHOP, an
abbreviation for a combined therapy of cyclophosphamide,
doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone; and FOLFOX, an
abbreviation for a treatment regimen with oxaliplatin
(ELOXATIN.TM.) combined with 5-FU and leucovorin.
[0098] Chemotherapeutic agents also include non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs with analgesic, antipyretic and
anti-inflammatory effects. NSAIDs include non-selective inhibitors
of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. Specific examples of NSAIDs include
aspirin, propionic acid derivatives such as ibuprofen, fenoprofen,
ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, oxaprozin and naproxen, acetic acid
derivatives such as indomethacin, sulindac, etodolac, diclofenac,
enolic acid derivatives such as piroxicam, meloxicam, tenoxicam,
droxicam, lornoxicam and isoxicam, fenamic acid derivatives such as
mefenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, flufenamic acid, tolfenamic
acid, and COX-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib, etoricoxib,
lumiracoxib, parecoxib, rofecoxib, rofecoxib, and valdecoxib.
NSAIDs can be indicated for the symptomatic relief of conditions
such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, inflammatory
arthropathies, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis,
Reiter's syndrome, acute gout, dysmenorrhoea, metastatic bone pain,
headache and migraine, postoperative pain, mild-to-moderate pain
due to inflammation and tissue injury, pyrexia, ileus, and renal
colic.
[0099] The term "cytokine" is a generic term for proteins released
by one cell population that act on another cell as intercellular
mediators. Examples of such cytokines are lymphokines, monokines;
interleukins (ILs) such as IL-1, IL-1a, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5,
IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-1, IL-12, IL-15; a tumor necrosis factor
such as TNF-.alpha. or TNF-.beta.; and other polypeptide factors
including LIF and kit ligand (KL) and gamma interferon. As used
herein, the term cytokine includes proteins from natural sources or
from recombinant cell culture and biologically active equivalents
of the native-sequence cytokines, including synthetically produced
small-molecule entities and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives
and salts thereof.
[0100] An "anti-angiogenesis agent" or "angiogenesis inhibitor"
refers to a small molecular weight substance, a polynucleotide, a
polypeptide, an isolated protein, a recombinant protein, an
antibody, or conjugates or fusion proteins thereof, that inhibits
angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, or undesirable vascular permeability,
either directly or indirectly. It should be understood that the
anti-angiogenesis agent includes those agents that bind and block
the angiogenic activity of the angiogenic factor or its receptor.
For example, an anti-angiogenesis agent is an antibody or other
antagonist to an angiogenic agent as defined throughout the
specification or known in the art, e.g., but are not limited to,
antibodies to VEGF-A or to the VEGF-A receptor (e.g., KDR receptor
or Flt-1 receptor), VEGF-trap, anti-PDGFR inhibitors such as
Gleevec.TM. (Imatinib Mesylate). Anti-angiogenesis agents also
include native angiogenesis inhibitors, e.g., angiostatin,
endostatin, etc. See, e.g., Klagsbrun and D'Amore, Annu. Rev.
Physiol., 53:217-39 (1991); Streit and Detmar, Oncogene,
22:3172-3179 (2003) (e.g., Table 3 listing anti-angiogenic therapy
in malignant melanoma); Ferrara & Alitalo, Nature Medicine
5:1359-1364 (1999); Tonini et al., Oncogene, 22:6549-6556 (2003)
(e.g., Table 2 listing known antiangiogenic factors); and Sato.
Int. J. Clin. Oncol., 8:200-206 (2003) (e.g., Table 1 lists
anti-angiogenic agents used in clinical trials).
[0101] The term "VEGF" or "VEGF-A" is used to refer to the
165-amino acid human vascular endothelial cell growth factor and
related 121-, 145-, 189-, and 206-amino acid human vascular
endothelial cell growth factors, as described by, e.g., Leung et
al. Science, 246:1306 (1989), and Houck et al. Mol. Endocrin.,
5:1806 (1991), together with the naturally occurring allelic and
processed forms thereof. VEGF-A is part of a gene family including
VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, VEGF-F, and PlGF. VEGF-A primarily
binds to two high affinity receptor tyrosine kinases, VEGFR-1
(Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (Flk-1/KDR), the latter being the major
transmitter of vascular endothelial cell mitogenic signals of
VEGF-A. Additionally, neuropilin-1 has been identified as a
receptor for heparin-binding VEGF-A isoforms, and may play a role
in vascular development. The term "VEGF" or "VEGF-A" also refers to
VEGFs from non-human species such as mouse, rat, or primate.
Sometimes the VEGF from a specific species is indicated by terms
such as hVEGF for human VEGF or mVEGF for murine VEGF. Typically,
VEGF refers to human VEGF. The term "VEGF" is also used to refer to
truncated forms or fragments of the polypeptide comprising amino
acids 8 to 109 or 1 to 109 of the 165-amino acid human vascular
endothelial cell growth factor. Reference to any such forms of VEGF
may be identified in the application, e.g., by "VEGF (8-109),"
"VEGF (1-109)" or "VEGF165." The amino acid positions for a
"truncated" native VEGF are numbered as indicated in the native
VEGF sequence. For example, amino acid position 17 (methionine) in
truncated native VEGF is also position 17 (methionine) in native
VEGF. The truncated native VEGF has binding affinity for the KDR
and Flt-1 receptors comparable to native VEGF.
[0102] A "chimeric VEGF receptor protein" is a VEGF receptor
molecule having amino acid sequences derived from at least two
different proteins, at least one of which is a VEGF receptor
protein. In certain embodiments, the chimeric VEGF receptor protein
is capable of binding to and inhibiting the biological activity of
VEGF.
[0103] A "VEGF antagonist" or "VEGF-specific antagonist" refers to
a molecule capable of binding to VEGF, reducing VEGF expression
levels, or neutralizing, blocking, inhibiting, abrogating,
reducing, or interfering with VEGF biological activities,
including, but not limited to, VEGF binding to one or more VEGF
receptors, VEGF signaling, and VEGF mediated angiogenesis and
endothelial cell survival or proliferation. For example, a molecule
capable of neutralizing, blocking, inhibiting, abrogating,
reducing, or interfering with VEGF biological activities can exert
its effects by binding to one or more VEGF receptor (VEGFR) (e.g.,
VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, membrane-bound VEGF receptor (mbVEGFR), or
soluble VEGF receptor (sVEGFR)). Included as VEGF-specific
antagonists useful in the methods of the invention are polypeptides
that specifically bind to VEGF, anti-VEGF antibodies and
antigen-binding fragments thereof, receptor molecules and
derivatives which bind specifically to VEGF thereby sequestering
its binding to one or more receptors, fusions proteins (e.g.,
VEGF-Trap (Regeneron)), and VEGF.sub.121-gelonin (Peregrine).
VEGF-specific antagonists also include antagonist variants of VEGF
polypeptides, antisense nucleobase oligomers complementary to at
least a fragment of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a VEGF
polypeptide; small RNAs complementary to at least a fragment of a
nucleic acid molecule encoding a VEGF polypeptide; ribozymes that
target VEGF; peptibodies to VEGF; and VEGF aptamers. VEGF
antagonists also include polypeptides that bind to VEGFR,
anti-VEGFR antibodies, and antigen-binding fragments thereof, and
derivatives which bind to VEGFR thereby blocking, inhibiting,
abrogating, reducing, or interfering with VEGF biological
activities (e.g., VEGF signaling), or fusions proteins.
VEGF-specific antagonists also include nonpeptide small molecules
that bind to VEGF or VEGFR and are capable of blocking, inhibiting,
abrogating, reducing, or interfering with VEGF biological
activities. Thus, the term "VEGF activities" specifically includes
VEGF mediated biological activities of VEGF. In certain
embodiments, the VEGF antagonist reduces or inhibits, by at least
10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or more, the expression
level or biological activity of VEGF. In some embodiments, the VEGF
inhibited by the VEGF-specific antagonist is VEGF (8-109), VEGF
(1-109), or VEGF.sub.165.
[0104] As used herein VEGF antagonists can include, but are not
limited to, anti-VEGFR2 antibodies and related molecules (e.g.,
ramucirumab, tanibirumab, aflibercept), anti-VEGFR1 antibodies and
related molecules (e.g., icrucumab, aflibercept (VEGF Trap-Eye;
EYLEA.RTM.), and ziv-aflibercept (VEGF Trap; ZALTRAP.RTM.)),
bispecific VEGF antibodies (e.g., MP-0250, vanucizumab (VEGF-ANG2),
and bispecific antibodies disclosed in US 2001/0236388), bispecific
antibodies including combinations of two of anti-VEGF, anti-VEGFR1,
and anti-VEGFR2 arms, anti-VEGFA antibodies (e.g., bevacizumab,
sevacizumab), anti-VEGFB antibodies, anti-VEGFC antibodies (e.g.,
VGX-100), anti-VEGFD antibodies, and nonpeptide small molecule VEGF
antagonists (e.g., pazopanib, axitinib, vandetanib, stivarga,
cabozantinib, lenvatinib, nintedanib, orantinib, telatinib,
dovitinig, cediranib, motesanib, sulfatinib, apatinib, foretinib,
famitinib, and tivozanib).
[0105] An "anti-VEGF antibody" is an antibody that binds to VEGF
with sufficient affinity and specificity. In certain embodiments,
the antibody will have a sufficiently high binding affinity for
VEGF, for example, the antibody may bind hVEGF with a K.sub.d value
of between 100 nM-1 pM. Antibody affinities may be determined,
e.g., by a surface plasmon resonance based assay (such as the
BIAcore assay as described in PCT Application Publication No.
WO2005/012359); enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA); and
competition assays (e.g. RIA's). In certain embodiments, the
anti-VEGF antibody can be used as a therapeutic agent in targeting
and interfering with diseases or conditions wherein the VEGF
activity is involved. Also, the antibody may be subjected to other
biological activity assays, e.g., in order to evaluate its
effectiveness as a therapeutic. Such assays are known in the art
and depend on the target antigen and intended use for the antibody.
Examples include the HUVEC inhibition assay: tumor cell growth
inhibition assays (as described in WO 89/06692, for example);
antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and
complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CDC) assays (U.S. Pat. No.
5,500,362); and agonistic activity or hematopoiesis assays (see WO
95/27062). An anti-VEGF antibody will usually not bind to other
VEGF homologues such as VEGF-B or VEGF-C, nor other growth factors
such as PIGF, PDGF, or bFGF. In one embodiment, anti-VEGF antibody
is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the same epitope as the
monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody A4.6.1 produced by hybridoma ATCC HB
10709. In another embodiment, the anti-VEGF antibody is a
recombinant humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody generated
according to Presta et al. (1997) Cancer Res. 57:4593-4599,
including but not limited to the antibody known as bevacizumab (BV;
AVASTIN.RTM.).
[0106] The anti-VEGF antibody "Bevacizumab (BV)," also known as
"rhuMAb VEGF" or "AVASTIN.RTM.," is a recombinant humanized
anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody generated according to Presta et al.
(1997) Cancer Res. 57:4593-4599. It comprises mutated human IgG1
framework regions and antigen-binding complementarity-determining
regions from the murine anti-hVEGF monoclonal antibody A.4.6.1 that
blocks binding of human VEGF to its receptors. Approximately 93% of
the amino acid sequence of bevacizumab, including most of the
framework regions, is derived from human IgG1, and about 7% of the
sequence is derived from the murine antibody A4.6.1. Bevacizumab
has a molecular mass of about 149,000 daltons and is glycosylated.
Bevacizumab and other humanized anti-VEGF antibodies are further
described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,884,879 issued Feb. 26, 2005, the
entire disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by
reference. Additional preferred antibodies include the G6 or B20
series antibodies (e.g., G6-31. B20-4.1), as described in PCT
Application Publication No. WO 2005/012359. For additional
preferred antibodies see U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,060,269, 6,582,959,
6,703,020; 6,054,297; WO98/45332; WO 96/30046; WO94/10202; EP
0666868B1; U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2006009360,
20050186208, 20030206899, 20030190317, 20030203409, and
20050112126; and Popkov et al., Journal of Immunological Methods
288:149-164 (2004). Other preferred antibodies include those that
bind to a functional epitope on human VEGF comprising of residues
F17, M18, D19, Y21, Y25, Q89, 191, K01, E103, and C104 or,
alternatively, comprising residues F17, Y21, Q22, Y25, D63, 183,
and Q89.
[0107] The "epitope A4.6.1" refers to the epitope recognized by the
anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab (AVASTIN.RTM.) (see Muller Y et al.,
Structure 15 Sep. 1998, 6:1153-1167). In certain embodiments of the
invention, the anti-VEGF antibodies include, but are not limited
to, a monoclonal antibody that binds to the same epitope as the
monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody A4.6.1 produced by hybridoma ATCC HB
10709; a recombinant humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody
generated according to Presta et al. (1997) Cancer Res.
57:4593-4599.
[0108] By "standard of care" herein is intended the anti-tumor
agent or agents that are routinely used to treat a particular form
of cancer. For example, for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, a
standard of care is topotecan or liposomal doxorubicin.
[0109] By "platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent" or "platin" is
meant an antineoplastic drug that is a coordination complex of
platinum. Examples of platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents
include carboplatin, cisplatin, and oxaliplatinum.
[0110] By "platinum-based chemotherapy" is meant therapy with one
or more platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent, optionally in
combination with one or more other chemotherapeutic agents.
[0111] By "chemotherapy-resistant" cancer is meant cancer in a
patient that has progressed while the patient is receiving a
chemotherapy regimen (i.e., the patient is "chemotherapy
refractory"), or the patient has progressed within 12 months (for
instance, within 6 months) after completing a chemotherapy
regimen.
[0112] By "platinum-resistant" cancer is meant cancer in a patient
that has progressed while receiving platinum-based chemotherapy
(i.e., the patient is "platinum refractory"), or the patient has
progressed within 12 months (for instance, within 6 months) after
completing a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen.
[0113] By "radiation therapy" is meant the use of directed gamma
rays or beta rays to induce sufficient damage to a cell so as to
limit its ability to function normally or to destroy the cell
altogether. It will be appreciated that there will be many ways
known in the art to determine the dosage and duration of treatment.
Typical treatments are given as a one-time administration and
typical dosages range from 10 to 200 units (Grays) per day.
[0114] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the
singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless
the content clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example,
reference to "a molecule" optionally includes a combination of two
or more such molecules, and the like.
[0115] The term "about" as used herein refers to the usual error
range for the respective value readily known to the skilled person
in this technical field. Reference to "about" a value or parameter
herein includes (and describes) embodiments that are directed to
that value or parameter per se.
[0116] It is understood that aspects and embodiments of the
invention described herein include "comprising," "consisting," and
"consisting essentially of" aspects and embodiments.
II. ANTI-ANGIOGENESIS AGENTS
[0117] Provided herein are methods treating or delaying progression
of cancer in an individual comprising administering to the
individual an effective amount of an anti-angiogenesis agent and an
OX40 binding agonist.
[0118] As described supra, an anti-angiogenesis agent may include a
compound such as a small molecular weight substance, a
polynucleotide, a polypeptide, an isolated protein, a recombinant
protein, an antibody, or conjugates or fusion proteins thereof. In
some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is an anti-VEGFR2
antibody; an anti-VEGFR1 antibody; a VEGF-trap; a bispecific VEGF
antibody; a bispecific antibody comprising a combination of two
arms selected from an anti-VEGF arm, an anti-VEGFR1 arm, and an
anti-VEGFR2 arm; an anti-VEGF-A antibody (e.g., an anti-KDR
receptor or anti-Flt-1 receptor antibody); an anti-VEGFB antibody;
an anti-VEGFC antibody; an anti-VEGFD antibody; a nonpeptide small
molecule VEGF antagonist; an anti-PDGFR inhibitor; or a native
angiogenesis inhibitor. In certain embodiments, the
anti-angiogenesis agent is ramucirumab, tanibirumab, aflibercept
(e.g., VEGF Trap-Eye; EYLEA.RTM.), icrucumab, ziv-aflibercept
(e.g., VEGF Trap; ZALTRAP.RTM.), MP-0250, vanucizumab, sevacizumab,
VGX-100, pazopanib, axitinib, vandetanib, stivarga, cabozantinib,
lenvatinib, nintedanib, orantinib, telatinib, dovitinig, cediranib,
motesanib, sulfatinib, apatinib, foretinib, famitinib, imatinib
(e.g., Imatinib Mesylate; Gleevec.TM.), and tivozanib.
[0119] In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is an
anti-angiogenesis antibody. Descriptions of antibodies and methods
for generating antibodies are further provided infra. In some
embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis antibody is a monoclonal
antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis antibody is a
human or humanized antibody (described in more detail below).
[0120] In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is a VEGF
antagonist. For example, VEGF antagonists of the present disclosure
may include without limitation polypeptides that specifically bind
to VEGF, anti-VEGF antibodies and antigen-binding fragments
thereof; receptor molecules and derivatives which bind specifically
to VEGF, thereby sequestering its binding to one or more receptors;
fusion proteins (e.g., VEGF-Trap (Regeneron)), VEGF.sub.121-gelonin
(Peregrine), antagonist variants of VEGF polypeptides, antisense
nucleobase oligomers complementary to at least a fragment of a
nucleic acid molecule encoding a VEGF polypeptide; small RNAs
complementary to at least a fragment of a nucleic acid molecule
encoding a VEGF polypeptide (e.g., an RNAi, siRNA, shRNA, or
miRNA); ribozymes that target VEGF; peptibodies to VEGF; VEGF
aptamers; polypeptides that bind to VEGFR; anti-VEGFR antibodies
and antigen-binding fragments thereof; derivatives which bind to
VEGFR thereby blocking, inhibiting, abrogating, reducing, or
interfering with VEGF biological activities (e.g., VEGF signaling);
fusion proteins; and nonpeptide small molecules that bind to VEGF
or VEGFR and are capable of blocking, inhibiting, abrogating,
reducing, or interfering with VEGF biological activities.
[0121] In certain embodiments, the VEGF antagonist reduces or
inhibits, by at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%
or more, the expression level or biological activity of VEGF. For
example, in some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist may reduce or
inhibit the expression level or biological activity of VEGF by at
least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%,
at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least
55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at
least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95%. In some
embodiments, the VEGF inhibited by the VEGF-specific antagonist is
VEGF (8-109), VEGF (1-109), or VEGF.sub.165.
[0122] Certain aspects of the methods, uses, and kits of the
present disclosure are based, at least in part, on the surprising
discovery that anti-VEGF treatment can improve the functional
phenotype of tumoral dendritic cells (e.g., by leading to increased
expression of MHC Class II and/or OX40L). Without wishing to be
bound to theory, this property, inter alia, may make combination
therapies including an anti-angiogenesis agent and an OX40 binding
agonist particularly advantageous for the treatment of cancer,
e.g., by resulting in enhanced anti-tumor responses such as
anti-tumoral T cell responses.
[0123] Therefore, in some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist
increases MHC class II expression on intratumoral dendritic cells,
e.g., as compared to MHC class II expression on dendritic cells
from a tumor treated with a control antibody (e.g., an isotype
control). MHC class II is known as a family of related molecules
(typically heterodimers containing alpha and beta chains) that
present antigen to T cells. As used herein, MHC class II expression
may refer to expression of any MHC class II molecule or chain,
including without limitation a polypeptide encoded by the human
genes HLA-DM alpha (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3108), HLA-DM beta
(e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3109), HLA-DO alpha (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No.
3111), HLA-DO beta (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3112), HLA-DP alpha 1
(e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3113), HLA-DP beta 1 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID
No. 3115), HLA-DQ alpha 1 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3117), HLA-DQ
alpha 2 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3118), HLA-DQ beta 1 (e.g., NCBI
Gene ID No. 3119), HLA-DQ beta 2 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3120),
HLA-DR alpha (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3122), HLA-DR beta 1 (e.g.,
NCBI Gene ID No. 3123), HLA-DR beta 3 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No.
3125), HLA-DR beta 4 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3126), or HLA-DR beta
5 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No. 3127). It will be appreciated by one of
skill in the art that MHC genes are highly variable across
populations, and thus the specific genes and sequences listed are
merely exemplary and in no way intended to be limiting.
[0124] In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist increases OX40L
expression on intratumoral dendritic cells, e.g., as compared to
OX40L expression on dendritic cells from a tumor treated with a
control antibody (e.g., an isotype control). OX40L (also known as
tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 or CD252) is
known as the binding partner or ligand of OX40. Examples of OX40L
polypeptides including without limitation polypeptides having the
amino acid sequence represented by UniProt Accession No. P43488
and/or a polypeptide encoded by gene TNFSF4 (e.g., NCBI Gene ID No.
7292).
[0125] Methods for measuring MHC class II or OX40L expression are
known in the art and may include without limitation FACS, Western
blot, ELISA, immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry,
immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, dot blotting, immunodetection
methods, HPLC, surface plasmon resonance, optical spectroscopy,
mass spectrometery, HPLC, qPCR, RT-qPCR, multiplex qPCR or RT-qPCR,
RNA-seq, microarray analysis, SAGE, MassARRAY technique, and FISH,
and combinations thereof.
[0126] In some embodiments, the dendritic cells are myeloid
dendritic cells. In other embodiments, the dendritic cells are
non-myeloid dendritic cells (e.g., lymphoid or plasmacytoid
dendritic cells). The cell-surface antigens expressed by dendritic
cells, and those that distinguish myeloid and non-myeloid dendritic
cells, are known in the art. For example, dendritic cells may be
identified by expression of CD45, CD11c, and MHC class II. They may
be distinguished from other cell types (e.g., macrophages,
neutrophils, and granulocytic myeloid cells) by their lack of
significant F4/80 and Gr1 expression. In some embodiments, myeloid
dendritic cells are dendritic cells that express CD11b, and
non-myeloid dendritic cells are dendritic cells that lack
significant CD11b expression. For further descriptions of myeloid
and non-myeloid dendritic cells, see, e.g., Steinman, R. M. and
Inaba, K. (1999) J. Leukoc. Biol. 66:205-8.
[0127] VEGF Receptor Molecules
[0128] In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is a VEGF
antagonist. In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist comprises a
soluble VEGF receptor or a soluble VEGF receptor fragment that
specifically binds to VEGF. The two best characterized VEGF
receptors are VEGFR1 (also known as Flt-1) and VEGFR2 (also known
as KDR and FLK-1 for the murine homolog). The specificity of each
receptor for each VEGF family member varies but VEGF-A binds to
both Flt-1 and KDR. Both Flt-I and KDR belong to the family of
receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The RTKs comprise a large family
of transmembrane receptors with diverse biological activities. At
least nineteen (19) distinct RTK subfamilies have been identified.
The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family includes receptors that
are crucial for the growth and differentiation of a variety of cell
types (Yarden and Ullrich (1988) Ann. Rev. Biochem. 57:433-478;
Ullrich and Schlessinger (1990) Cell 61:243-254). The intrinsic
function of RTKs is activated upon ligand binding, which results in
phosphorylation of the receptor and multiple cellular substrates,
and subsequently in a variety of cellular responses (Ullrich &
Schlessinger (1990) Cell 61:203-212). Thus, receptor tyrosine
kinase mediated signal transduction is initiated by extracellular
interaction with a specific growth factor (ligand), typically
followed by receptor dimerization, stimulation of the intrinsic
protein tyrosine kinase activity and receptor
trans-phosphorylation. Binding sites are thereby created for
intracellular signal transduction molecules and lead to the
formation of complexes with a spectrum of cytoplasmic signaling
molecules that facilitate the appropriate cellular response. (e.g.,
cell division, differentiation, metabolic effects, changes in the
extracellular microenvironment) see, Schlessinger and Ullrich
(1992) Neuron 9:1-20. Structurally, both Flt-1 and KDR have seven
immunoglobulin-like domains in the extracellular domain, a single
transmembrane region, and a consensus tyrosine kinase sequence
which is interrupted by a kinase-insert domain. Matthews et al.
(1991) PNAS USA 88:9026-9030; Terman et al. (1991) Oncogene
6:1677-1683. The extracellular domain is involved in the binding of
VEGF and the intracellular domain is involved in signal
transduction.
[0129] VEGF receptor molecules, or fragments thereof, that
specifically bind to VEGF can be used in the methods of the
invention to bind to and sequester the VEGF protein, thereby
preventing it from signaling. In certain embodiments, the VEGF
receptor molecule, or VEGF binding fragment thereof, is a soluble
form, such as sFlt-1. A soluble form of the receptor exerts an
inhibitory effect on the biological activity of the VEGF protein by
binding to VEGF, thereby preventing it from binding to its natural
receptors present on the surface of target cells. Also included are
VEGF receptor fusion proteins, examples of which are described
below.
[0130] In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist is a chimeric VEGF
receptor protein. A chimeric VEGF receptor protein is a receptor
molecule having amino acid sequences derived from at least two
different proteins, at least one of which is a VEGF receptor
protein (e.g., the fit-1 or KDR receptor), that is capable of
binding to and inhibiting the biological activity of VEGF. In
certain embodiments, the chimeric VEGF receptor proteins of the
invention consist of amino acid sequences derived from only two
different VEGF receptor molecules; however, amino acid sequences
comprising one, two, three, four, five, six, or all seven Ig-like
domains from the extracellular ligand-binding region of the flt-1
and/or KDR receptor can be linked to amino acid sequences from
other unrelated proteins, for example, immunoglobulin sequences.
Other amino acid sequences to which Ig-like domains are combined
will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Examples of chimeric VEGF receptor proteins include, e.g., soluble
Flt-1/Fc, KDR/Fc, or FLt-1/KDR/Fc (also known as VEGF Trap). (See
for example PCT Application Publication No. WO97/44453).
[0131] A soluble VEGF receptor protein or chimeric VEGF receptor
proteins of the invention includes VEGF receptor proteins which are
not fixed to the surface of cells via a transmembrane domain. As
such, soluble forms of the VEGF receptor, including chimeric
receptor proteins, while capable of binding to and inactivating
VEGF, do not comprise a transmembrane domain and thus generally do
not become associated with the cell membrane of cells in which the
molecule is expressed.
[0132] In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist (I, an anti-VEGF
antibody, such as bevacizumab) is administered by gene therapy.
See, for example, WO 96/07321 published Mar. 14, 1996 concerning
the use of gene therapy to generate intracellular antibodies. There
are two major approaches to getting the nucleic acid (optionally
contained in a vector) into the patient's cells; in vivo and ex
vivo. For in vivo delivery the nucleic acid is injected directly
into the patient, usually at the site where the antibody is
required. For ex vivo treatment, the patient's cells are removed,
the nucleic acid is introduced into these isolated cells and the
modified cells are administered to the patient either directly or,
for example, encapsulated within porous membranes which are
implanted into the patient (see, e.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,892,538 and
5,283,187). There are a variety of techniques available for
introducing nucleic acids into viable cells. The techniques vary
depending upon whether the nucleic acid is transferred into
cultured cells in vitro, or in vivo in the cells of the intended
host. Techniques suitable for the transfer of nucleic acid into
mammalian cells in vitro include the use of liposomes,
electroporation, microinjection, cell fusion, DEAE-dextran, the
calcium phosphate precipitation method, etc. A commonly used vector
for ex vivo delivery of the gene is a retrovirus. The currently
preferred in vivo nucleic acid transfer techniques include
transfection with viral vectors (such as adenovirus, Herpes simplex
I virus, or adeno-associated virus) and lipid-based systems (useful
lipids for lipid-mediated transfer of the gene are DOTMA, DOPE and
DC-Chol, for example). In some situations it is desirable to
provide the nucleic acid source with an agent that targets the
target cells, such as an antibody specific for a cell surface
membrane protein or the target cell, a ligand for a receptor on the
target cell, etc. Where liposomes are employed, proteins which bind
to a cell surface membrane protein associated with endocytosis may
be used for targeting and/or to facilitate uptake, e.g. capsid
proteins or fragments thereof tropic for a particular cell type,
antibodies for proteins which undergo internalization in cycling,
and proteins that target intracellular localization and enhance
intracellular half-life. The technique of receptor-mediated
endocytosis is described, for example, by Wu et al., J. Biol. Chem.
262:44294432 (1987); and Wagner et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
87:3410-3414 (1990). For review of the currently known gene marking
and gene therapy protocols see Anderson et al., Science 256:808-813
(1992). See also WO 93/25673 and the references cited therein.
[0133] Anti-VEGF Antibodies
[0134] In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent is a VEGF
antagonist. In some embodiments, the VEGF antagonist is an
anti-VEGF antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody may
be a human or humanized antibody. In some embodiments, the
anti-VEGF antibody may be a monoclonal antibody.
[0135] The VEGF antigen to be used for production of VEGF
antibodies may be, e.g., the VEGF.sub.165 molecule as well as other
isoforms of VEGF or a fragment thereof containing the desired
epitope. In one embodiment, the desired epitope is the one
recognized by bevacizumab, which binds to the same epitope as the
monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody A4.6.1 produced by hybridoma ATCC HB
10709 (known as "epitope A.4.6.1" defined herein). Other forms of
VEGF useful for generating anti-VEGF antibodies of the invention
will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
[0136] Human VEGF was obtained by first screening a cDNA library
prepared from human cells, using bovine VEGF cDNA as a
hybridization probe. Leung et al. (1989) Science, 246:1306. One
cDNA identified thereby encodes a 165-amino acid protein having
greater than 95% homology to bovine VEGF; this 165-amino acid
protein is typically referred to as human VEGF (hVEGF) or
VEGF.sub.165. The mitogenic activity of human VEGF was confirmed by
expressing the human VEGF cDNA in mammalian host cells. Media
conditioned by cells transfected with the human VEGF cDNA promoted
the proliferation of capillary endothelial cells, whereas control
cells did not. Leung et al. (1989) Science, supra. Further efforts
were undertaken to clone and express VEGF via recombinant DNA
techniques. (See, e.g., Ferrara, Laboratory Investigation
72:615-618 (1995), and the references cited therein).
[0137] VEGF is expressed in a variety of tissues as multiple
homodimeric forms (121, 145, 165, 189, and 206 amino acids per
monomer) resulting from alternative RNA splicing. VEGF.sub.121 is a
soluble mitogen that does not bind heparin; the longer forms of
VEGF bind heparin with progressively higher affinity. The
heparin-binding forms of VEGF can be cleaved in the carboxy
terminus by plasmin to release a diffusible form(s) of VEGF. Amino
acid sequencing of the carboxy terminal peptide identified after
plasmin cleavage is Arg.sub.110-Ala.sub.111. Amino terminal "core"
protein, VEGF (1-110) isolated as a homodimer, binds neutralizing
monoclonal antibodies (such as the antibodies referred to as 4.6.1
and 3.2E3.1.1) and soluble forms of VEGF receptors with similar
affinity compared to the intact VEGF.sub.165 homodimer.
[0138] Several molecules structurally related to VEGF have also
been identified recently, including placenta growth factor (PIGF),
VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGF-E. Ferrara and Davis-Smyth (1987)
Endocr. Rev., supra; Ogawa et al. J. Biological Chem.
273:31273-31281 (1998); Meyer et al. EMBO J., 18:363-374 (1999). A
receptor tyrosine kinase, Flt-4 (VEGFR-3), has been identified as
the receptor for VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Joukov et al. EMBO. J. 15:1751
(1996); Lee et al. PNAS USA 93:1988-1992 (1996); Achen et al.
(1998) PNAS USA 95:548-553. VEGF-C has been shown to be involved in
the regulation of lymphatic angiogenesis. Jeltsch et al. Science
276:1423-1425 (1997).
[0139] Two VEGF receptors have been identified, Flt-1 (also called
VEGFR-1) and KDR (also called VEGFR-2). Shibuya et al. (1990)
Oncogene 8:519-527; de Vries et al. (1992) Science 255:989-991;
Terman et al. (1992) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 187:1579-1586.
Neuropilin-1 has been shown to be a selective VEGF receptor, able
to bind the heparin-binding VEGF isoforms (Soker et al. (1998) Cell
92:735-45).
[0140] Anti-VEGF antibodies that are useful in the methods of the
invention include any antibody, or antigen binding fragment
thereof, that bind with sufficient affinity and specificity to VEGF
and can reduce or inhibit the biological activity of VEGF. An
anti-VEGF antibody will usually not bind to other VEGF homologues
such as VEGF-B or VEGF-C, nor other growth factors such as PlGF,
PDGF, or bFGF.
[0141] In certain embodiments of the invention, the anti-VEGF
antibodies include, but are not limited to, a monoclonal antibody
that binds to the same epitope as the monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody
A4.6.1 produced by hybridoma ATCC HB 10709; a recombinant humanized
anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody generated according to Presta et al.
(1997) Cancer Res. 57:4593-4599. In one embodiment, the anti-VEGF
antibody is "bevacizumab (BV)", also known as "rhuMAb VEGF" or
"AVASTIN.RTM.". It comprises mutated human IgG1 framework regions
and antigen-binding complementarity-determining regions from the
murine anti-hVEGF monoclonal antibody A.4.6.1 that blocks binding
of human VEGF to its receptors. Approximately 93% of the amino acid
sequence of bevacizumab, including most of the framework regions,
is derived from human IgG1, and about 7% of the sequence is derived
from the murine antibody A4.6.1.
[0142] Bevacizumab (AVASTIN.RTM.) was the first anti-angiogenesis
therapy approved by the FDA and is approved for the treatment
metastatic colorectal cancer (first- and second-line treatment in
combination with intravenous 5-FU-based chemotherapy), advanced
non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (first-line
treatment of unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent or
metastatic NSCLC in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel)
and metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer (previously untreated,
metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer in combination with
paclitaxel).
[0143] Bevacizumab and other humanized anti-VEGF antibodies are
further described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,884,879 issued Feb. 26, 2005.
Additional antibodies include the G6 or B20 series antibodies
(e.g., G6-31, B20-4.1), as described in PCT Publication No.
WO2005/012359, PCT Publication No. WO2005/044853, and U.S. Patent
Application 60/991,302, the content of these patent applications
are expressly incorporated herein by reference. For additional
antibodies see U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,060,269, 6,582,959, 6,703,020;
6,054,297; WO98/45332; WO 96/30046; WO94/10202; EP 0666868B1; U.S.
Patent Application Publication Nos. 2006009360, 20050186208,
20030206899, 20030190317, 20030203409, and 20050112126; and Popkov
et al., Journal of Immunological Methods 288:149-164 (2004). Other
antibodies include those that bind to a functional epitope on human
VEGF comprising of residues F17, M18, D19, Y21, Y25, Q89, I191,
K101, E103, and C104 or, alternatively, comprising residues F17,
Y21, Q22, Y25, D63, 183 and Q89.
[0144] In one embodiment of the invention, the anti-VEGF antibody
has a light chain variable region comprising the following amino
acid sequence: DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT ITCSASQDIS NYLNWYQQKP
GKAPKVLIYF TSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ YSTVPWTFGQ
GTKVEIKR. (SEQ ID NO:214); and/or a heavy chain variable region
comprising the following amino acid sequence: EVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSLRL
SCAASGYTFT NYGMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVGW INTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFTF SLDTSKSTAY
LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCAKYP HYYGSSHWYF DVWGQGTLVT VSS (SEQ ID
NO:215).
[0145] In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody comprises one,
two, three, four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences
of bevacizumab. In some embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody
comprises one, two, three, four, five, or six hypervariable region
(HVR) sequences of selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino
acid sequence of GYTFTNYGMN (SEQ ID NO:216); (b) HVR-H2 comprising
the amino acid sequence of WINTYTGEPTYAADFKR (SEQ ID NO:217); (c)
HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of YPHYYGSSHWYFDV (SEQ ID
NO:218); (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of
SASQDISNYLN (SEQ ID NO:219); (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of FTSSLHS (SEQ ID NO:220); and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of QQYSTVPWT (SEQ ID NO:221). In some
embodiments, the anti-VEGF antibody comprises one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of an
antibody described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,884,879. In some embodiments,
the anti-VEGF antibody comprises one, two, or three hypervariable
region (HVR) sequences of a light chain variable region comprising
the following amino acid sequence: DIQMTQSPSS LSASVGDRVT ITCSASQDIS
NYLNWYQQKP GKAPKVLIYF TSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTD FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQQ
YSTVPWTFGQ GTKVEIKR. (SEQ ID NO:214) and/or one, two, or three
hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of a heavy chain variable
region comprising the following amino acid sequence: EVQLVESGGG
LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGYTFT NYGMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVGW INTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFIF
SLDTSKSTAY LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCAKYP HYYGSSHWYF DVWGQGTLVT VSS (SEQ ID
NO:215).
[0146] A "G6 series antibody" according to this invention, is an
anti-VEGF antibody that is derived from a sequence of a G6 antibody
or G6-derived antibody according to any one of FIGS. 7, 24-26, and
34-35 of PCT Publication No. WO2005/012359, the entire disclosure
of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference. See also
PCT Publication No. WO2005/044853, the entire disclosure of which
is expressly incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment,
the G6 series antibody binds to a functional epitope on human VEGF
comprising residues F17, Y21, Q22, Y25, D63, 183 and Q89.
[0147] A "B20 series antibody" according to this invention is an
anti-VEGF antibody that is derived from a sequence of the B20
antibody or a B20-derived antibody according to any one of FIGS.
27-29 of PCT Publication No. WO2005/012359, the entire disclosure
of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference. See also
PCT Publication No. WO2005/044853, and U.S. Patent Application
60/991,302, the content of these patent applications are expressly
incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment, the B20 series
antibody binds to a functional epitope on human VEGF comprising
residues F17, M18, D19, Y21, Y25, Q89, I91, K101, E103, and
C104.
[0148] A "functional epitope" according to this invention refers to
amino acid residues of an antigen that contribute energetically to
the binding of an antibody. Mutation of any one of the
energetically contributing residues of the antigen (for example,
mutation of wild-type VEGF by alanine or homolog mutation) will
disrupt the binding of the antibody such that the relative affinity
ratio (IC50mutant VEGF/IC50wild-type VEGF) of the antibody will be
greater than 5 (see Example 2 of WO2005/012359). In one embodiment,
the relative affinity ratio is determined by a solution binding
phage displaying ELISA. Briefly, 96-well Maxisorp immunoplates
(NUNC) are coated overnight at 4.degree. C. with an Fab form of the
antibody to be tested at a concentration of 2 .mu.g/ml in PBS, and
blocked with PBS, 0.5% BSA, and 0.05% Tween20 (PBT) for 2 h at room
temperature. Serial dilutions of phage displaying hVEGF alanine
point mutants (residues 8-109 form) or wild type hVEGF (8-109) in
PBT are first incubated on the Fab-coated plates for 15 min at room
temperature, and the plates are washed with PBS, 0.05% Tween20
(PBST). The bound phage is detected with an anti-M13 monoclonal
antibody horseradish peroxidase (Amersham Pharmacia) conjugate
diluted 1:5000 in PBT, developed with
3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB, Kirkegaard & Perry Labs,
Gaithersburg, Md.) substrate for approximately 5 min, quenched with
1.0 M H3PO4, and read spectrophotometrically at 450 nm. The ratio
of IC50 values (IC50,ala/IC50,wt) represents the fold of reduction
in binding affinity (the relative binding affinity).
III. OX40 BINDING AGONISTS
[0149] Provided herein are methods treating or delaying progression
of cancer in an individual comprising administering to the
individual an effective amount of an anti-angiogenesis agent and an
OX40 binding agonist.
[0150] An OX40 binding agonist includes, for example, an OX40
agonist antibody (e.g., an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody), an
OX40L agonist fragment, an OX40 oligomeric receptor, and an OX40
immunoadhesin. In some embodiments, the OX40 binding agonist is a
trimeric OX40L-Fc protein. In some embodiments, the OX40 binding
agonist is an OX40L agonist fragment comprising one or more
extracellular domains of OX40L In some embodiments, the OX40
agonist antibody is a full-length human IgG1 antibody. Any of the
OX40 binding agonists (e.g., anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies)
described herein may be used in any of the methods, uses, and/or
kits described herein.
[0151] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody increases
CD4+ effector T cell proliferation and/or increases cytokine
production by the CD4+ effector T cell as compared to proliferation
and/or cytokine production prior to treatment with the OX40 agonist
antibody. In some embodiments, the cytokine is IFN-.gamma..
[0152] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody increases
memory T cell proliferation and/or increasing cytokine production
by the memory cell. In some embodiments, the cytokine is
IFN-.gamma..
[0153] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody inhibits Treg
suppression of effector T cell function. In some embodiments,
effector T cell function is effector T cell proliferation and/or
cytokine production. In some embodiments, the effector T cell is a
CD4+ effector T cell.
[0154] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody increases
OX40 signal transduction in a target cell that expresses OX40. In
some embodiments, OX40 signal transduction is detected by
monitoring NFkB downstream signaling.
[0155] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
a depleting anti-human OX40 antibody (e.g., depletes cells that
express human OX40). In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody
depletes cells that express human OX40 in vitro. In some
embodiments, the human OX40 expressing cells are CD4+ effector T
cells. In some embodiments, the human OX40 expressing cells are
Treg cells. In some embodiments, depleting is by ADCC and/or
phagocytosis. In some embodiments, the antibody mediates ADCC by
binding Fc.gamma.R expressed by a human effector cell and
activating the human effector cell function. In some embodiments,
the antibody mediates phagocytosis by binding Fc.gamma.R expressed
by a human effector cell and activating the human effector cell
function. Exemplary human effector cells include, e.g., macrophage,
natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, neutrophils. In some
embodiments, the human effector cell is macrophage.
[0156] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
has a functional Fc region. In some embodiments, effector function
of a functional Fc region is ADCC. In some embodiments, effector
function of a functional Fc region is phagocytosis. In some
embodiments, effector function of a functional Fc region is ADCC
and phagocytosis. In some embodiments, the Fc region is human IgG1.
In some embodiments, the Fc region is human IgG4.
[0157] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
binds human OX40 with an affinity of less than or equal to about
0.45 nM. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 antibody binds
human OX40 with an affinity of less than or equal to about 0.4 nM.
In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 antibody binds human OX40
with an affinity of less than or equal to about 0.5 nM. In some
embodiments, the binding affinity is determined using
radioimmunoassay.
[0158] In some embodiments, the OX40 binding agonist is an OX40
agonist antibody that binds human OX40. In some embodiments, the
OX40 agonist antibody binds human OX40 with an affinity of less
than or equal to about 1 nM. In some embodiments, the anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody binds human OX40 with an affinity of less
than or equal to about 0.45 nM. In some embodiments, the anti-human
OX40 antibody binds human OX40 with an affinity of less than or
equal to about 0.4 nM. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40
antibody binds human OX40 with an affinity of less than or equal to
about 0.5 nM. In some embodiments, the binding affinity is
determined using radioimmunoassay.
[0159] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
binds human OX40 and cynomolgus OX40. In some embodiments, binding
is determined using a FACS assay. In some embodiments, binding to
human OX40 has an EC50 of about 0.2 ug/ml. In some embodiments,
binding to human OX40 has an EC50 of about 0.3 ug/ml or lower. In
some embodiments, binding to cynomolgus OX40 has an EC50 of about
1.5 ug/ml. In some embodiments, binding to cynomolgus OX40 has an
EC50 of about 1.4 ug/ml.
[0160] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
does not bind to rat OX40 or mouse OX40.
[0161] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
a depleting anti-human OX40 antibody (e.g., depletes cells that
express human OX40). In some embodiments, the human OX40 expressing
cells are CD4+ effector T cells. In some embodiments, the human
OX40 expressing cells are Treg cells. In some embodiments,
depleting is by ADCC and/or phagocytosis. In some embodiments, the
antibody mediates ADCC by binding Fc.gamma.R expressed by a human
effector cell and activating the human effector cell function. In
some embodiments, the antibody mediates phagocytosis by binding
Fc.gamma.R expressed by a human effector cell and activating the
human effector cell function. Exemplary human effector cells
include, e.g., macrophage, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes,
neutrophils. In some embodiments, the human effector cell is
macrophage. In some embodiments, the human effector cell is NK
cells. In some embodiments, depletion is not by apoptosis.
[0162] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
has a functional Fc region. In some embodiments, effector function
of a functional Fc region is ADCC. In some embodiments, effector
function of a functional Fc region is phagocytosis. In some
embodiments, effector function of a functional Fc region is ADCC
and phagocytosis. In some embodiments, the Fc region is human IgG1.
In some embodiments, the Fc region is human IgG4.
[0163] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
does not induce apoptosis in OX40-expressing cells (e.g., Treg). In
some embodiments, apoptosis is assayed using an antibody
concentration of 30 ug/ml, e.g., by determining whether apoptosis
has occurred using annexin V and proprodium iodide stained
Treg.
[0164] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
enhances CD4+ effector T cell function, for example, by increasing
CD4+ effector T cell proliferation and/or increasing gamma
interferon production by the CD4+ effector T cell (for example, as
compared to proliferation and/or cytokine production prior to
treatment with anti-human OX40 agonist antibody). In some
embodiments, the cytokine is gamma interferon. In some embodiments,
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody increases number of
intratumoral (infiltrating) CD4+ effector T cells (e.g., total
number of CD4+ effector T cells, or e.g., percentage of CD4+ cells
in CD45+ cells), e.g., as compared to number of intratumoral
(infiltrating) CD4+ T cells prior to treatment with anti-human OX40
agonist antibody. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody increases number of intratumoral (infiltrating) CD4+
effector T cells that express gamma interferon (e.g., total gamma
interferon expressing CD4+ cells, or e.g., percentage of gamma
interferon expressing CD4+ cells in total CD4+ cells), e.g., as
compared to number of intratumoral (infiltrating) CD4+ T cells that
express gamma interferon prior to treatment with anti-human OX40
agonist antibody.
[0165] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
increases number of intratumoral (infiltrating) CD8+ effector T
cells (e.g., total number of CD8+ effector T cells, or e.g.,
percentage of CD8+ in CD45+ cells), e.g., as compared to number of
intratumoral (infiltrating) CD8+T effector cells prior to treatment
with anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some embodiments, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody increases number of intratumoral
(infiltrating) CD8+ effector T cells that express gamma interferon
(e.g., percentage of CD8+ cells that express gamma interferon in
total CD8+ cells), e.g., compared to number of intratumoral
(infiltrating) CD8+ T cells that express gamma interferon prior to
treatment with anti-human OX40 agonist antibody.
[0166] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
enhances memory T cell function, for example by increasing memory T
cell proliferation and/or increasing cytokine production by the
memory cell. In some embodiments, the cytokine is gamma
interferon.
[0167] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
inhibits Treg function, for example, by decreasing Treg suppression
of effector T cell function (e.g., effector T cell proliferation
and/or effector T cell cytokine secretion). In some embodiments,
the effector T cell is a CD4+ effector T cell. In some embodiments,
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody reduces the number of
intratumoral (infiltrating) Treg (e.g., total number of Treg or
e.g., percentage of Fox3p+ cells in CD4+ cells).
[0168] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
engineered to increase effector function (e.g., compared to
effector function in a wild-type IgG1). In some embodiments, the
antibody has increased binding to a Fc receptor. In some
embodiments, the antibody lacks fucose attached (directly or
indirectly) to the Fc region. For example, the amount of fucose in
such antibody may be from 1% to 80%, from 1% to 65%, from 5% to 65%
or from 20% to 40%. In some embodiments, the Fc region comprises
bisected oligosaccharides, e.g., in which a biantennary
oligosaccharide attached to the Fc region of the antibody is
bisected by GlcNAc. In some embodiments, the antibody comprises an
Fc region with one or more amino acid substitutions which improve
ADCC, e.g., substitutions at positions 298, 333, and/or 334 of the
Fc region (EU numbering of residues).
[0169] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
increases OX40 signal transduction in a target cell that expresses
OX40. In some embodiments, OX40 signal transduction is detected by
monitoring NFkB downstream signaling.
[0170] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
stable after treatment at 40.degree. C. for two weeks.
[0171] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
binds human effector cells, e.g., binds Fc.gamma.R (e.g., an
activating Fc.gamma.R) expressed by human effector cells. In some
embodiments, the human effector cell performs (is capable of
performing) ADCC effector function. In some embodiments, the human
effector cell performs (is capable of performing) phagocytosis
effector function.
[0172] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprising a variant IgG1 Fc polypeptide comprising a mutation that
eliminates binding to human effector cells (e.g., a DANA mutation)
has diminished activity (e.g., CD4+ effector T cell function, e.g.,
proliferation), relative to anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprising native sequence IgG1 Fc portion. In some embodiment, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising a variant IgG1 Fc
polypeptide comprising a mutation that eliminates binding to human
effector cells (e.g., a DANA mutation) does not possess substantial
activity (e.g., CD4+ effector T cell function, e.g.,
proliferation).
[0173] In some embodiments, antibody cross-linking is required for
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody function. In some embodiments,
function is stimulation of CD4+ effector T cell proliferation. In
some embodiments, antibody cross-linking is determined by providing
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody adhered on a solid surface (e.g.,
a cell culture plate). In some embodiments, antibody cross-linking
is determined by introducing a mutation in the antibody's IgG1 Fc
portion (e.g., a DANA mutation) and testing function of the mutant
antibody.
[0174] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
competes for binding to human OX40 with OX40L. In some embodiments,
addition of OX40L does not enhance anti-human OX40 antibody
function in an in vitro assay.
[0175] According to another embodiment, the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibodies include any one, any combination, or all of the
following properties: (1) binds human OX40 with an affinity of less
than or equal to about 0.45 nM, in some embodiments, binds human
OX40 with an affinity of less than or equal to about 0.4 nM, in
some embodiments, binds human OX40 with an affinity of less than or
equal to about 0.5 nM, in some embodiments, the binding affinity is
determined using radioimmunoassay; (2) binds human OX40 and
cynomolgus OX40, in some embodiments, binding is determined using a
FACS assay, (3) binds human OX40 with an EC50 of about 0.2 ug/ml,
in some embodiments, binds to human OX40 has an EC50 of about 0.3
ug/ml or lower, in some embodiments, binds to cynomolgus OX40 with
an EC50 of about 1.5 ug/ml, in some embodiments, binds to
cynomolgus OX40 has an EC50 of about 1.4 ug/ml, (4) does not
substantially bind to rat OX40 or mouse OX40, (6) is a depleting
anti-human OX40 antibody (e.g., depletes cells that express human
OX40), in some embodiments, the cells are CD4+ effector T cells
and/or Treg cells, (7) enhances CD4+ effector T cell function, for
example, by increasing CD4+ effector T cell proliferation and/or
increasing gamma interferon production by the CD4+ effector T cell
(for example, as compared to proliferation and/or cytokine
production prior to treatment with anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody), (8) enhances memory T cell function, for example by
increasing memory T cell proliferation and/or increasing cytokine
production by the memory cell, (9) inhibits Treg function, for
example, by decreasing Treg suppression of effector T cell function
(e.g., effector T cell proliferation and/or effector T cell
cytokine secretion). In some embodiments, the effector T cell is a
CD4+ effector T cell, (10) increases OX40 signal transduction in a
target cell that expresses OX40 (in some embodiments, OX40 signal
transduction is detected by monitoring NFkB downstream signaling),
(11) is stable after treatment at 40.degree. C. for two weeks, (12)
binds human effector cells, e.g., binds Fc.gamma.R expressed by
human effector cells, (13) anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprising a variant IgG1 Fc polypeptide comprising a mutation that
eliminates binding to human effector cells (e.g., N297G) has
diminished activity (e.g., CD4+ effector T cell function, e.g.,
proliferation), relative to anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprising native sequence IgG1 Fc portion, in some embodiment, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising a variant IgG1 Fc
polypeptide comprising a mutation that eliminates binding to human
effector cells (e.g., N297G) does not possess substantial activity
(e.g., CD4+ effector T cell function, e.g., proliferation), (14)
antibody cross-linking (e.g., by Fc receptor binding) is required
for anti-human OX40 agonist antibody function.
[0176] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:7.
[0177] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, at least two, or all
three VH HVR sequences selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4. In one embodiment, the antibody
comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
In another embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4 and HVR-L3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7. In a further embodiment, the antibody
comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4,
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7, and
HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3. In a
further embodiment, the antibody comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising
the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
[0178] In another aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, at least two, or all
three VL HVR sequences selected from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7. In one embodiment, the antibody
comprises (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:5; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6;
and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:7.
[0179] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody of
the invention comprises (a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at
least two, or all three VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (ii) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (iii) HVR-H3
comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:4; and
(b) a VL domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VL HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5, (ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:7.
[0180] In another aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:7.
[0181] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:26.
[0182] In another embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4 and HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:26. In a further
embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4, HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence
of SEQ ID NO:26, and HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:3.
[0183] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:4; and (b) a VL domain comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR sequences selected
from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5,
(ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, and
(c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:26.
[0184] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3;
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d)
HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f)
HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID
NO:26.
[0185] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:3; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:27.
[0186] In another embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4 and HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:27. In a further
embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:4, HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence
of SEQ ID NO:27, and HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:3.
[0187] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:4; and (b) a VL domain comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR sequences selected
from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5,
(ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, and
(c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:27.
[0188] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:2; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3;
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4; (d)
HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f)
HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID
NO:27.
[0189] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8 or 9; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14; (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4, 15, or 19; (d)
HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7, 22, 23,
24, 25, 26, 27, or 28.
[0190] In one aspect, the invention provides an antibody comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VH HVR sequences selected
from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2,
8 or 9; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
3, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, 15, or 19. In one embodiment, the
antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ
ID NO: 4, 15, or 19. In another embodiment, the antibody comprises
HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4, 15, or 19
and HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, 22,
23, 24, 25, 26, 27, or 28. In a further embodiment, the antibody
comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
4, 15, or 19, HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO: 7, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, or 28, and HVR-H2 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14. In a
further embodiment, the antibody comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising
the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, 8 or 9; (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, 10, 11, 12, 13
or 14; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO: 4, 15, or 19.
[0191] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, or 28. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, or 28.
[0192] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, 8 or 9, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, and (iii)
HVR-H3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:
4, 15, or 19; and (b) a VL domain comprising at least one, at least
two, or all three VL HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-L1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5, (ii) HVR-L2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, and (c) HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, or 28.
[0193] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO: 2, 8 or 9; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ
ID NO: 3, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, 15, or 19; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino
acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 7, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27,
or 28.
[0194] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:172; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:173; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 174; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:175. In some embodiment, HVR-H2 is not
DMYPDAAAASYNQKFRE (SEQ ID NO:230). In some embodiments, HVR-H3 is
not APRWAAAA (SEQ ID NO:231). In some embodiments, HVR-L3 is not
QAAAAAAAT (SEQ ID NO:232).
[0195] In one aspect, the invention provides an antibody comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VH HVR sequences selected
from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:172; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:173; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO: 174. In one embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 174. In another
embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:174 and HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 175. In a further embodiment, the antibody
comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:174, HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
175, and HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:173. In a further embodiment, the antibody comprises (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 172; (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:173; and (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:174. In some
embodiment, HVR-H2 is not DMYPDAAAASYNQKFRE (SEQ ID NO:230). In
some embodiments, HVR-H3 is not APRWAAAA (SEQ ID NO:231). In some
embodiments, HVR-L3 is not QAAAAAAAT (SEQ ID NO:232).
[0196] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:5; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6;
and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:175.
In some embodiments, HVR-L3 is not QAAAAAAAT (SEQ ID NO:232).
[0197] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 172, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:173, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino
acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:174; and (b) a VL domain
comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:5, (ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:175.
[0198] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO: 172; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:173; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:174; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:5; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6;
and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ
ID NO:175. In some embodiment, HVR-H2 is not DMYPDAAAASYNQKFRE (SEQ
ID NO:230). In some embodiments, HVR-H3 is not APRWAAAA (SEQ ID
NO:231). In some embodiments, HVR-L3 is not QAAAAAAAT (SEQ ID
NO:232).
[0199] All possible combinations of the above substitutions are
encompassed by the consensus sequences of SEQ ID NO:172, 173, 174
and 175.
[0200] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:30; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:39; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:42.
[0201] In one aspect, the invention provides an antibody comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VH HVR sequences selected
from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:29;
(b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:30; and
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33. In
one embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33. In another embodiment, the antibody
comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33
and HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42. In a
further embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33, HVR-L3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42, and HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:30. In a further embodiment, the antibody
comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:30; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:33.
[0202] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:39; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:42. In one embodiment, the antibody comprises
(a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:39; and (c)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42.
[0203] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:30, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:33; and (b) a VL domain comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR sequences selected
from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:37,
(ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:39, and
(c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42.
[0204] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:30; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:39; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected
from SEQ ID NO:42.
[0205] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:30; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:40; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:42.
[0206] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:40; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:42. In one embodiment, the antibody comprises
(a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:40; and (c)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42.
[0207] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:30, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino acid
sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:33; and (b) a VL domain comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR sequences selected
from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:37,
(ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:40, and
(c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42.
[0208] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:30; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:40; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected
from SEQ ID NO:42.
[0209] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:30, 31, or 32; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:39, 40 or 41; and (f) HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42, 43, or 44.
[0210] In one aspect, the invention provides an antibody comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VH HVR sequences selected
from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:29;
(b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30, 31,
or 32; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:33. In another embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33 and HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 42, 43, or 44. In
a further embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33, HVR-L3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 42, 43, or 44, and HVR-H2 comprising
the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39, 40 or 41. In a further
embodiment, the antibody comprises (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:30, 31, or 32; and (c) HVR-H3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33.
[0211] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39, 40 or 41; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 42, 43, or 44. In one embodiment,
the antibody comprises (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39, 40 or 41; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 42, 43, or 44.
[0212] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30, 31, or 32, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising
an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:33; and (b) a VL
domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37, (ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 39, 40 or 41, and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 42, 43, or 44.
[0213] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
30, 31, or 32; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ
ID NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
39, 40 or 41; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence
selected from SEQ ID NO: 42, 43, or 44.
[0214] In one aspect, the invention provides an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprising at least one, two, three, four, five,
or six HVRs selected from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 175; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:177; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:178.
[0215] In one aspect, the invention provides an antibody comprising
at least one, at least two, or all three VH HVR sequences selected
from (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:29;
(b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:175; and
(c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33. In
another embodiment, the antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the
amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33 and HVR-L3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:177. In a further embodiment, the
antibody comprises HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ
ID NO:33, HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:178, and HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:176. In a further embodiment, the antibody comprises (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:29; (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 176; and (c)
HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33.
[0216] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 177; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 177. In one embodiment, the antibody
comprises (a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:37; (b) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:177; and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:178.
[0217] In another aspect, an antibody of the invention comprises
(a) a VH domain comprising at least one, at least two, or all three
VH HVR sequences selected from (i) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:29, (ii) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:176, and (iii) HVR-H3 comprising an amino
acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO:33; and (b) a VL domain
comprising at least one, at least two, or all three VL HVR
sequences selected from (i) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO:37, (ii) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid
sequence of SEQ ID NO: 177, and (c) HVR-L3 comprising the amino
acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 178.
[0218] In another aspect, the invention provides an antibody
comprising (a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:29; (b) HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:176; (c) HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:33; (d) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:37; (e) HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID
NO:177; and (f) HVR-L3 comprising an amino acid sequence selected
from SEQ ID NO:178.
[0219] In any of the above embodiments, an anti-OX40 agonist
antibody is humanized. In one embodiment, an anti-OX40 antibody
comprises HVRs as in any of the above embodiments or for any of the
embodiments in FIG. 11, and further comprises an acceptor human
framework, e.g. a human immunoglobulin framework or a human
consensus framework. In another embodiment, an anti-OX40 antibody
comprises HVRs as in any of the above embodiments, and further
comprises a VH and/or VL comprising an FR sequence shown in FIG.
11.
[0220] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:56, 58,
60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92,
94, 96, 98, 100, 108, 114, 116, 233, or 234. In certain
embodiments, a VH sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%,
95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains substitutions (e.g.,
conservative substitutions), insertions, or deletions relative to
the reference sequence, but an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprising that sequence retains the ability to bind to OX40. In
certain embodiments, a total of 1 to 10 amino acids have been
substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID NO:56, 58, 60, 62,
64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96,
98, 100, 108, 114, 116, 233, or 234. In certain embodiments,
substitutions, insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside
the HVRs (i.e., in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprises the VH sequence in SEQ ID NO: SEQ ID
NO:56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86,
88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 108, 114, 116, 233, or 234, including
post-translational modifications of that sequence. In a particular
embodiment, the VH comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from:
(a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (b)
HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (c)
HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
[0221] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
provided, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable
domain (VL) having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83,
85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 101, 109, 115 or 117. In certain
embodiments, a VL sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%,
95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains substitutions (e.g.,
conservative substitutions), insertions, or deletions relative to
the reference sequence, but an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprising that sequence retains the ability to bind to OX40. In
certain embodiments, a total of 1 to 10 amino acids have been
substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID NO: 57, 59, 61, 63,
65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97,
99, 101, 109, 115 or 117. In certain embodiments, the
substitutions, insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside
the HVRs (i.e., in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40
agonist antibody comprises the VL sequence in SEQ ID NO: 57, 59,
61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93,
95, 97, 99, 101, 109, 115 or 117, including post-translational
modifications of that sequence. In a particular embodiment, the VL
comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from (a) HVR-L1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b) HVR-L2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c) HVR-L3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7.
[0222] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:56. In
certain embodiments, a VH sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%,
93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains
substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions, or
deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains the ability
to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1 to 10 amino
acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID
NO:56. In certain embodiments, substitutions, insertions, or
deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e., in the FRs).
Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises the VH
sequence in SEQ ID NO:56, including post-translational
modifications of that sequence. In a particular embodiment, the VH
comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from: (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
[0223] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
provided, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable
domain (VL) having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:57. In certain embodiments, a VL sequence having at least
90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity
contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1
to 10 amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in
SEQ ID NO: 57. In certain embodiments, the substitutions,
insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e.,
in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises the VL sequence in SEQ ID NO: 57, including
post-translational modifications of that sequence. In a particular
embodiment, the VL comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from
(a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7.
[0224] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:179. In
certain embodiments, a VH sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%,
93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains
substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions, or
deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains the ability
to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1 to 10 amino
acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID NO:
179. In certain embodiments, substitutions, insertions, or
deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e., in the FRs).
Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises the VH
sequence in SEQ ID NO: 179, including post-translational
modifications of that sequence. In a particular embodiment, the VH
comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from: (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
[0225] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
provided, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable
domain (VL) having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:180. In certain embodiments, a VL sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity
contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1
to 10 amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in
SEQ ID NO: 180. In certain embodiments, the substitutions,
insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e.,
in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises the VL sequence in SEQ ID NO: 180, including
post-translational modifications of that sequence. In a particular
embodiment, the VL comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from
(a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:7.
[0226] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:94. In
certain embodiments, a VH sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%,
93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains
substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions, or
deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains the ability
to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1 to 10 amino
acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID
NO:94. In certain embodiments, substitutions, insertions, or
deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e., in the FRs).
Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises the VH
sequence in SEQ ID NO:94, including post-translational
modifications of that sequence. In a particular embodiment, the VH
comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from: (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
[0227] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
provided, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable
domain (VL) having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:95. In certain embodiments, a VL sequence having at least
90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity
contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1
to 10 amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in
SEQ ID NO:95. In certain embodiments, the substitutions,
insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e.,
in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises the VL sequence in SEQ ID NO:95, including
post-translational modifications of that sequence. In a particular
embodiment, the VL comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from
(a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:26.
[0228] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:96. In
certain embodiments, a VH sequence having at least 90%, 91%, 92%,
93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity contains
substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions), insertions, or
deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains the ability
to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1 to 10 amino
acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in SEQ ID
NO:96. In certain embodiments, substitutions, insertions, or
deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e., in the FRs).
Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises the VH
sequence in SEQ ID NO:96, including post-translational
modifications of that sequence. In a particular embodiment, the VH
comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from: (a) HVR-H1
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, (b) HVR-H2
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:3, and (c) HVR-H3
comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:4.
[0229] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
provided, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable
domain (VL) having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO:97. In certain embodiments, a VL sequence having at least
90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity
contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1
to 10 amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in
SEQ ID NO:97. In certain embodiments, the substitutions,
insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e.,
in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises the VL sequence in SEQ ID NO:97, including
post-translational modifications of that sequence. In a particular
embodiment, the VL comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from
(a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; (b)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6; and (c)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:27.
[0230] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable domain (VH) sequence having at
least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%
sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118,
120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144,
146, 148. In certain embodiments, a VH sequence having at least
90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identity
contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1
to 10 amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in
SEQ ID NO: 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138,
140, 142, 144, 146, 148. In certain embodiments, substitutions,
insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e.,
in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises the VH sequence in SEQ ID NO: 118, 120, 122, 124, 126,
128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, including
post-translational modifications of that sequence. In a particular
embodiment, the VH comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from:
(a) HVR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 29, (b)
HVR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:30, and (c)
HVR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:33.
[0231] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
provided, wherein the antibody comprises a light chain variable
domain (VL) having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%,
98%, 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of
SEQ ID NO: 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139,
141, 143, 145, 147, 149. In certain embodiments, a VL sequence
having at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%
identity contains substitutions (e.g., conservative substitutions),
insertions, or deletions relative to the reference sequence, but an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising that sequence retains
the ability to bind to OX40. In certain embodiments, a total of 1
to 10 amino acids have been substituted, inserted and/or deleted in
SEQ ID NO: 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139,
141, 143, 145, 147, 149. In certain embodiments, the substitutions,
insertions, or deletions occur in regions outside the HVRs (i.e.,
in the FRs). Optionally, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises the VL sequence in SEQ ID NO: 119, 121, 123, 125, 127,
129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, including
post-translational modifications of that sequence. In a particular
embodiment, the VL comprises one, two or three HVRs selected from
(a) HVR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:37; (b)
HVR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:39; and (c)
HVR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:42.
[0232] In one embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL
sequences in SEQ ID NO:56 and SEQ ID NO:57, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:58 and SEQ ID NO:59, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:60 and SEQ ID NO:61, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:62 and SEQ ID NO:63, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:64 and SEQ ID NO:65, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:66 and SEQ ID NO:67, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:68 and SEQ ID NO:69, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:70 and SEQ ID NO:71, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:72 and SEQ ID NO:73, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:74 and SEQ ID NO:75, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:76 and SEQ ID NO:77, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:78 and SEQ ID NO:79, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:80 and SEQ ID NO:81, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:82 and SEQ ID NO:83, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:84 and SEQ ID NO:85, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:86 and SEQ ID NO:87, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:88 and SEQ ID NO:89, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:90 and SEQ ID NO:91, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:92 and SEQ ID NO:93, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:94 and SEQ ID NO:95, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:96 and SEQ ID NO:97, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:98 and SEQ ID NO:99, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO: 100 and SEQ ID NO: 101, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO: 108 and SEQ ID NO: 109, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:114 and SEQ ID NO: 115, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:116 and SEQ ID NO: 117, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:233 and SEQ ID NO:65, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:234 and SEQ ID NO:69, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences.
[0233] In one embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL
sequences in SEQ ID NO:118 and SEQ ID NO: 119, respectively,
including post-translational modifications of those sequences. In
one embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in
SEQ ID NO:120 and SEQ ID NO:121, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:122 and SEQ ID NO: 123, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:124 and SEQ ID NO: 125, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:126 and SEQ ID NO: 127, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:128 and SEQ ID NO: 129, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:130 and SEQ ID NO:131, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:132 and SEQ ID NO: 133, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:134 and SEQ ID NO: 135, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:136 and SEQ ID NO: 137, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO:138 and SEQ ID NO: 139, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO: 140 and SEQ ID NO:141, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO: 142 and SEQ ID NO: 143, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO: 144 and SEQ ID NO: 145, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences. In one
embodiment, the antibody comprises the VH and VL sequences in SEQ
ID NO: 146 and SEQ ID NO: 147, respectively, including
post-translational modifications of those sequences.
[0234] In another aspect, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
provided, wherein the antibody comprises a VH as in any of the
embodiments provided above, and a VL as in any of the embodiments
provided above.
[0235] In a further aspect, the invention provides an antibody that
binds to the same epitope as an anti-human OX40 antibody provided
herein. In some embodiments, the antibody is an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody.
[0236] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
a human or humanized antibody. In some embodiments, the OX40
binding agonist (e.g., an OX40 agonist antibody) is not MEDI6383.
In some embodiments, the OX40 binding agonist (e.g., an OX40
agonist antibody) is not MEDI0562.
[0237] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,550,140, which is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain comprising the sequence of
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGS LRLSCAASGFTFSNYTMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVSAISGSGGSTYYA
DSVKGRFlISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKDRYSQVHYALDYWGQGTLVTVSS
ASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLY
SLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPSNTKVDKRVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFP
PKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSV
LTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLTC
LVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVM
HEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK (SEQ ID NO:183) and/or a light chain comprising
the sequence of
DIVMTQSPDSLPVTPGEPASISCRSSQSLLHSNGYNYLDWYLQKAGQSPQLLIYLGSNRASGV
PDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCQQYYNHPITFGQGTKLEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPPSD
EQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDS KDSTYSLSSTLTLSKA
DYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC (SEQ ID NO:184). In some
embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three, four,
five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody 008
as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,550,140. In some embodiments, the
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a
light chain variable region sequence of antibody 008 as described
in U.S. Pat. No. 7,550,140.
[0238] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,550,140. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody comprises the sequence of
DIQMTQSPDSLPVTPGEPASISCRSSQSLLHSNGYNYLDWYLQKAGQSPQLLIYLGSNRASGV
PDRFSGSGSGTDFTLKISRVEAEDVGVYYCQQYYNHPITFGQGTKLEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPPSD
EQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDS KDSTYSLSSTLTLSKA
DYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC (SEQ ID NO: 185). In some
embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three, four,
five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
SC02008 as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,550,140. In some
embodiments, the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region
sequence and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody
SC02008 as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,550,140.
[0239] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,550,140. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a heavy chain comprising the sequence of
EVQLVESGGGLVHPGGS LRLSCAGSGFTFSSYAMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSAIGTGGGTYYA
DSVMGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARYDNVMGLYWFDYWGQGTLVTVS
SASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGL
YSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPSNTKVDKRVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLF
PPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVS
VLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSREEMTKNQVSLT
CLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTIPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSV
MHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK (SEQ ID NO:186) and/or a light chain
comprising the sequence of
EIVLTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCRASQSVSSYLAWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDASNRATGIPARFSG
SGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCQQRSNWPPAFGGGTKVEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSG
TASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLS STLTLSKADYEKH
KVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC (SEQ ID NO: 187). In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises at least one, two, three, four, five, or six
hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody 023 as described
in U.S. Pat. No. 7,550,140. In some embodiments, the antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a light
chain variable region sequence of antibody 023 as described in U.S.
Pat. No. 7,550,140.
[0240] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,960,515, which is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYSMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVSYISSSSSTIDYAD
SVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRDEDTAVYYCARESGWYLFDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
NO: 188) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQGISSWLAWYQQKPEKAPKSLIYAASSLQSGVPSRFSG
SGSGTDFILTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYNSYPPIFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO:189). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
11D4 as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,960,515. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody 11D4 as
described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,960,515.
[0241] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,960,515. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLRLSCAASGFTFDDYAMHWVRQAPGKGLEWVSGISWNSGSIGYA
DSVKGRFrISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTALYYCAKDQSTADYYFYYGMDVWGQGTTVT VSS
(SEQ ID NO: 190) and/or a light chain variable region comprising
the sequence of
EIVVTQSPATLSLSPGERATLSCRASQSVSSYLAWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYDASNRATGIPARFSG
SGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCQQRSNWPTFGQGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO:191). In some
embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three, four,
five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody 18D8
as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,960,515. In some embodiments, the
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a
light chain variable region sequence of antibody 18D8 as described
in U.S. Pat. No. 7,960,515.
[0242] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2012/027328, which
is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some
embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a heavy
chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGSELKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDYSMHWVRQAPGQGLKWMGWINTETGEPTY
ADDFKGRFVFSLDTSVSTAYLQISSLKAEDTAVYYCANPYYDYVSYYAMDYWGQGTVTVS S (SEQ
ID NO: 192) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKASQDVSTAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYSASYLYTGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDFTFTISSLQPEDIATYYCQQHYSTPRTFGQGTKLEIK (SEQ ID NO:193). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
hu106-222 as described in WO 2012/027328. In some embodiments, the
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a
light chain variable region sequence of antibody hu106-222 as
described in WO 2012/027328.
[0243] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2012/027328. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGS LRLSCAASEYEFPSHDMSWVRQAPGKGLELVAAINSDGGSTYYP
DTMERRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARHYDDYYAWFAYWGQGTMVTVSS (SEQ ID
NO: 194) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
EIVLTQSPATLSPLSPGERATLSCRASKSVSTSGYSYMHWYQQKPGQAPRLLIYLASNLESGVP
ARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLEPEDFAVYYCQHSRELPLTFGGGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO:195).
In some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two,
three, four, five or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of
antibody Hu119-122 as described in WO 2012/027328. In some
embodiments, the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region
sequence and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody
Hu119-122 as described in WO 2012/027328.
[0244] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2013/028231, which
is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some
embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a heavy
chain comprising the sequence of
MYLGLNYVFIVFLLNGVQSEVKLEESGGGLVQPGGSMKLSCAASGFTFSDAWMDWVRQSPE
KGLEWVAEIRSKANNHATYYAESVNGRFTISRDDSKSSVYLQMNSLRAEDTGIYYCTWGEV
FYFDYWGQGTLTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGAL
TSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYITCNVNHKPSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHT
CPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNA
KTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQV
YTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKITPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLT
VDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK (SEQ ID NO:196) and/or a light
chain comprising the sequence of
MRPSIQFLGLLLFWLHGAQCDIQMTQSPSSLSASLGGKVTITCKSSQDINKYIAWYQHKPGKG
PRLLIHYTSTLQPGIPSRFSGSGSGRDYSFSISNLEPEDIATYYCLQYDNLLTFGAGTKLELKRT
VAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDS
TYSLSSTLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC (SEQ ID NO:197). In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
MYLGLNYVFIVFLLNGVQSEVKLEESGGGLVQPGGSMKLSCAASGFTFSDAWMDWVRQSPE
KGLEWVAEIRSKANNHATYYAESVNGRFTISRDDSKSSVYLQMNSLRAEDTGIYYCTWGEV
FYFDYWGQGTTLTVSS (SEQ ID NO:198) and/or a light chain variable
region comprising the sequence of
MRPSIQFLGLLLFWLHGAQCDIQMTQSPSSLSASLGGKVTITCKSSQDINKYIAWYQHKPGKG
PRLLIHYTSTLQPGIPSRFSGSGSGRDYSFSISNLEPEDIATYYCLQYDNLLTFGAGTKLELK
(SEQ ID NO: 199). In some embodiments, the antibody comprises at
least one, two, three, four, five, or six hypervariable region
(HVR) sequences of antibody Mab CH 119-43-1 as described in WO
2013/028231. In some embodiments, the antibody comprises a heavy
chain variable region sequence and/or a light chain variable region
sequence of antibody Mab CH 119-43-1 as described in WO
2013/028231.
[0245] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2013/038191, which
is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some
embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a heavy
chain variable region comprising the sequence of
EVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVKMSCKASGYTFTSYVMHWVKQKPGQGLEWIGYINPYNDGTKY
NEKFKGKATLTSDKSSSTAYMELSSLTSEDSAVYYCANYYGSSLSMDYWGQGTSVTVSS (SEQ ID
NO:200) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQTSSLSASLGDRVTISCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPDGTVKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDYSLTISNLEQEDIATYFCQQGNTLPWTFGGGTKLEIKR (SEQ ID NO:201). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 20E5 as described in WO 2013/038191. In some embodiments, the
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a
light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone 20E5 as
described in WO 2013/038191.
[0246] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2013/038191. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
EVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVKISCKTSGYTFKDYTMHWVKQSHGKSLEWIGGIYPNNGGSTYN
QNFKDKATLTVDKSSSTAYMEFRSLTSEDSAVYYCARMGYHGPHLDFDVWGAGTVTVSP (SEQ ID
NO:202) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIVMTQSHKFMSTSLGDRVSITCKASQDVGAAVAWYQQKPGQSPKLLIYWASTRHTGVPDR
FTGGGSGTDFTLTISNVQSEDLTDYFCQQYINYPLTFGGGTKLEIKR (SEQ ID NO:203). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 12H3 as described in WO 2013/038191. In some embodiments, the
antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a
light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone 12H3 as
described in WO 2013/038191.
[0247] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1,
which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some
embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a heavy
chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFISYVMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGYINPYNDGTK
YNEKFKGRVTITSDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCANYYGSSLSMDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ
ID NO:204) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:205). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0248] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTSYVMHWVRQAPGQRLEWMGYINPYNDGTK
YNEKFKGRVTITSDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCANYYGSSLSMDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ
ID NO:204) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAVKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYFCQQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:206). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0249] In some embodiments the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTSYVMHWVRQAPGQRLEWIGYINPYNDGTKY
NEKFKGRATITSDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCANYYGSSLSMDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
NO:207) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:205). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0250] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTSYVMHWVRQAPGQRLEWIGYINPYNDGTKY
NEKFKGRATITSDTSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCANYYGSSLSMDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
NO:207) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAVKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYFCQQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:206). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0251] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTSYVMHWVRQAPGQRLEWIGYINPYNDGTKY
NEKFKGRATLTSDKSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCANYYGSSLSMDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
NO:208) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:205). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0252] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTSYVMHWVRQAPGQRLEWIGYINPYNDGTKY
NEKFKGRATLTSDKSASTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCANYYGSSLSMDYWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID
NO:208) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAVKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFS
GSGSGTDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYFCQQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:206). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
20E5 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0253] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASGYTFKDYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGGIYPNNGGST
YNQNFKDRVTITADKSTSTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARMGYHGPHLDFDVWGQGTTVTV SS
(SEQ ID NO:209) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKASQDVGAAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYWASTRHTGVPSRF
SGSGSGTDFLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYINYPLTFGGGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:210). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0254] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASGYTFKDYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGGIYPNNGGST
YNQNFKDRVTITADKSTSTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARMGYHGPHLDFDVWGQGTTVTV SS
(SEQ ID NO:209) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKASQDVGAAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYWASTRHTGVPDR
FSGGGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYINYPLTFGGGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:211). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0255] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASGYTFKDYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWIGGIYPNNGGSTY
NQNFKDRVTLTADKSTSTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARMGYHGPHLDFDVWGQGTTVTVS S (SEQ
ID NO:212) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKASQDVGAAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYWASTRHTGVPSRF
SGSGSGTDFLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYINYPLTFGGGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:210). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0256] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASGYTFKDYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWIGGIYPNNGGSTY
NQNFKDRVTLTADKSTSTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARMGYHGPHLDFDVWGQGTTVTVS S (SEQ
ID NO:212) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKASQDVGAAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYWASTRHTGVPDR
FSGGGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYINYPLTFGGGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:211). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0257] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASGYTFKDYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWIGGIYPNNGGSTY
NQNFKDRATLTVDKSTSTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARMGYHGPHLDFDVWGQGTTVTVS S (SEQ
ID NO:213) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKASQDVGAAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYWASTRHTGVPSRF
SGSGSGTDFLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYINYPLTFGGGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:210). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0258] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody described in WO 2014/148895A1. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region comprising the sequence of
QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGSSVKVSCKASGYTFKDYTMHWVRQAPGQGLEWIGGIYPNNGGSTY
NQNFKDRATLTVDKSTSTAYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARMGYHGPHLDFDVWGQGTTVTVS S (SEQ
ID NO:213) and/or a light chain variable region comprising the
sequence of
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCKASQDVGAAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYWASTRHTGVPDR
FSGGGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYINYPLTFGGGTKVEIKR (SEQ ID NO:211). In
some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three,
four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody
clone 12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1. In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody clone
12H3 as described in WO 2014/148895A1.
[0259] In some embodiments, the agonist anti-human OX40 antibody is
L106 BD (Pharmingen Product #340420). In some embodiments, the
antibody comprises at least one, two, three, four, five or six
hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody L106 (BD
Pharmingen Product #340420). In some embodiments, the antibody
comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a light
chain variable region sequence of antibody L106 (BD Pharmingen
Product #340420).
[0260] In some embodiments, the agonist anti-human OX40 antibody is
ACT35 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Catalog #20073). In some
embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two, three, four,
five or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of antibody ACT35
(Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Catalog #20073). In some embodiments,
the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence
and/or a light chain variable region sequence of antibody ACT35
(Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Catalog #20073).
[0261] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is MEDI6469.
In some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two,
three, four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of
antibody MEDI6469. In some embodiments, the antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a light chain variable
region sequence of antibody MEDI6469.
[0262] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is MEDI0562.
In some embodiments, the antibody comprises at least one, two,
three, four, five, or six hypervariable region (HVR) sequences of
antibody MEDI0562. In some embodiments, the antibody comprises a
heavy chain variable region sequence and/or a light chain variable
region sequence of antibody MEDI0562.
[0263] In some embodiments, the OX40 agonist antibody is an agonist
antibody that binds to the same epitope as any one of the OX40
agonist antibodies set forth above.
[0264] In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
has a functional Fc region. In some embodiments, the Fc region is
human IgG1. In some embodiments, the Fc region is human IgG4. In
some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is
engineered to increase effector function (e.g., compared to
effector function in a wild-type IgG1). In some embodiments, the
antibody has increased binding to a Fc receptor. In some
embodiments, the antibody lacks fucose attached (directly or
indirectly) to the Fc region. For example, the amount of fucose in
such antibody may be from 1% to 80%, from 1% to 65%, from 5% to 65%
or from 20% to 40%. In some embodiments, the Fc region comprises
bisected oligosaccharides, e.g., in which a biantennary
oligosaccharide attached to the Fc region of the antibody is
bisected by GlcNAc. In some embodiments, the antibody comprises an
Fc region with one or more amino acid substitutions which improve
ADCC, e.g., substitutions at positions 298, 333, and/or 334 of the
Fc region (EU numbering of residues).
[0265] OX40 agonists useful for the methods described herein are in
no way intended to be limited to antibodies. Non-antibody OX40
agonists are contemplated and well known in the art.
[0266] As described above, OX40L (also known as CD134L) serves as a
ligand for OX40. As such, agonists that present part or all of
OX40L may serve as OX40 agonists. In some embodiments, an OX40
agonist may include one or more extracellular domains of OX40L
Examples of extracellular domains of OX40L may include OX40-binding
domains. In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may be a soluble form
of OX40L that includes one or more extracellular domains of OX40L
but lacks other, insoluble domains of the protein, e.g.,
transmembrane domains. In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist is a
soluble protein that includes one or more extracellular domains of
OX40L able to bind OX40L. In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may
be linked to another protein domain, e.g., to increase its
effectiveness, half-life, or other desired characteristics. In some
embodiments, an OX40 agonist may include one or more extracellular
domains of OX40L linked to an immunoglobulin Fc domain.
[0267] In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may be any one of the
OX40 agonists described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,696,175.
[0268] In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may be an oligomeric or
multimeric molecule. For example, an OX40 agonist may contain one
or more domains (e.g., a leucine zipper domain) that allows
proteins to oligomerize. In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may
include one or more extracellular domains of OX40L linked to one or
more leucine zipper domains.
[0269] In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may be any one of the
OX40 agonists described in European Patent No. EP0672141 B1.
[0270] In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may be a trimeric OX40L
fusion protein. For example, an OX40 agonist may include one or
more extracellular domains of OX40L linked to an immunoglobulin Fc
domain and a trimerization domain (including without limitation an
isoleucine zipper domain).
[0271] In some embodiments, an OX40 agonist may be any one of the
OX40 agonists described in International Publication No.
WO2006/121810, such as an OX40 immunoadhesin. In some embodiments,
the OX40 immunoadhesin may be a trimeric OX40-Fc protein. In some
embodiments, the OX40 agonist is MEDI6383.
[0272] In a further aspect of the invention, an anti-OX40 antibody
according to any of the above embodiments is a monoclonal antibody,
including a chimeric, humanized or human antibody. In one
embodiment, an anti-OX40 antibody is an antibody fragment, e.g., a
Fv, Fab, Fab', scFv, diabody, or F(ab').sub.2 fragment. In another
embodiment, the antibody is a full length antibody, e.g., an intact
IgG antibody or other antibody class or isotype as defined herein.
In some embodiments, the antibody is a full length intact IgG4
antibody.
IV. ANTIBODY PREPARATION
[0273] An anti-angiogenesis antibody (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody)
and/or an anti-OX40 antibody according to any of the above
embodiments may incorporate any of the features, singly or in
combination, as described in Sections 1-7 below:
[0274] 1. Antibody Affinity
[0275] In certain embodiments, an antibody provided herein has a
dissociation constant (Kd) of .ltoreq.1 .mu.M, .ltoreq.100 nM,
.ltoreq.10 nM, .ltoreq.1 nM, .ltoreq.0.1 nM, .ltoreq.0.01 nM, or
.ltoreq.0.001 nM (e.g. 10.sup.-8 M or less, e.g. from 10.sup.-8 M
to 10.sup.-13 M, e.g., from 10.sup.-9 M to 10.sup.-13 M).
[0276] In one embodiment, Kd is measured by a radiolabeled antigen
binding assay (RIA). In one embodiment, an RIA is performed with
the Fab version of an antibody of interest and its antigen. For
example, solution binding affinity of Fabs for antigen is measured
by equilibrating Fab with a minimal concentration of
(.sup.125I)-labeled antigen in the presence of a titration series
of unlabeled antigen, then capturing bound antigen with an anti-Fab
antibody-coated plate (see, e.g., Chen et al., J. Mol. Biol.
293:865-881(1999)). To establish conditions for the assay,
MICROTITER.RTM. multi-well plates (Thermo Scientific) are coated
overnight with 5 .mu.g/ml of a capturing anti-Fab antibody (Cappel
Labs) in 50 mM sodium carbonate (pH 9.6), and subsequently blocked
with 2% (w/v) bovine serum albumin in PBS for two to five hours at
room temperature (approximately 23.degree. C.). In a non-adsorbent
plate (Nunc #269620), 100 pM or 26 pM [.sup.125I]-antigen are mixed
with serial dilutions of a Fab of interest (e.g., consistent with
assessment of the anti-VEGF antibody, Fab-12, in Presta et al.,
Cancer Res. 57:4593-4599 (1997)). The Fab of interest is then
incubated overnight; however, the incubation may continue for a
longer period (e.g., about 65 hours) to ensure that equilibrium is
reached. Thereafter, the mixtures are transferred to the capture
plate for incubation at room temperature (e.g., for one hour). The
solution is then removed and the plate washed eight times with 0.1%
polysorbate 20 (TWEEN-20.RTM.) in PBS. When the plates have dried,
150 d/well of scintillant (MICROSCINT-20 m; Packard) is added, and
the plates are counted on a TOPCOUNT.TM. gamma counter (Packard)
for ten minutes. Concentrations of each Fab that give less than or
equal to 20% of maximal binding are chosen for use in competitive
binding assays.
[0277] According to another embodiment, Kd is measured using a
BIACORE.RTM. surface plasmon resonance assay. For example, an assay
using a BIACORE.RTM.-2000 or a BIACORE.RTM.-3000 (BIAcore, Inc.,
Piscataway, N.J.) is performed at 25.degree. C. with immobilized
antigen CM5 chips at .about.10 response units (RU). In one
embodiment, carboxymethylated dextran biosensor chips (CM5,
BIACORE, Inc.) are activated with
N-ethyl-N'-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)
and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) according to the supplier's
instructions. Antigen is diluted with 10 mM sodium acetate, pH 4.8,
to 5 .mu.g/ml (.about.0.2 .mu.M) before injection at a flow rate of
5 d/minute to achieve approximately 10 response units (RU) of
coupled protein. Following the injection of antigen, 1 M
ethanolamine is injected to block unreacted groups. For kinetics
measurements, two-fold serial dilutions of Fab (0.78 nM to 500 nM)
are injected in PBS with 0.05% polysorbate 20 (TWEEN-20.TM.)
surfactant (PBST) at 25.degree. C. at a flow rate of approximately
25 .mu.l/min. Association rates (k.sub.on) and dissociation rates
(k.sub.off) are calculated using a simple one-to-one Langmuir
binding model (BIACORE.RTM. Evaluation Software version 3.2) by
simultaneously fitting the association and dissociation
sensorgrams. The equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) is
calculated as the ratio k.sub.off/k.sub.on. See, e.g., Chen et al.,
J. Mol. Biol. 293:865-881 (1999). If the on-rate exceeds 106 M-1
s-1 by the surface plasmon resonance assay above, then the on-rate
can be determined by using a fluorescent quenching technique that
measures the increase or decrease in fluorescence emission
intensity (excitation=295 nm; emission=340 nm, 16 nm band-pass) at
25.degree. C. of a 20 nM anti-antigen antibody (Fab form) in PBS,
pH 7.2, in the presence of increasing concentrations of antigen as
measured in a spectrometer, such as a stop-flow equipped
spectrophometer (Aviv Instruments) or a 8000-series SLM-AMINCO.TM.
spectrophotometer (ThermoSpectronic) with a stirred cuvette.
[0278] 2. Antibody Fragments
[0279] In certain embodiments, an antibody provided herein is an
antibody fragment. Antibody fragments include, but are not limited
to, Fab, Fab', Fab'-SH, F(ab').sub.2, Fv, and scFv fragments, and
other fragments described below. For a review of certain antibody
fragments, see Hudson et al. Nat. Med. 9:129-134 (2003). For a
review of scFv fragments, see, e.g., Pluckthun, in The Pharmacology
of Monoclonal Antibodies, vol. 113, Rosenburg and Moore eds.,
(Springer-Verlag, New York), pp. 269-315 (1994); see also WO
93/16185; and U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,571,894 and 5,587,458. For
discussion of Fab and F(ab).sub.2 fragments comprising salvage
receptor binding epitope residues and having increased in vivo
half-life, see U.S. Pat. No. 5,869,046.
[0280] Diabodies are antibody fragments with two antigen-binding
sites that may be bivalent or bispecific. See, for example, EP
404,097; WO 1993/01161; Hudson et al., Nat. Med. 9:129-134 (2003);
and Hollinger et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 6444-6448
(1993). Triabodies and tetrabodies are also described in Hudson et
al., Nat. Med. 9:129-134 (2003).
[0281] Single-domain antibodies are antibody fragments comprising
all or a portion of the heavy chain variable domain or all or a
portion of the light chain variable domain of an antibody. In
certain embodiments, a single-domain antibody is a human
single-domain antibody (Domantis, Inc., Waltham, Mass.; see, e.g.,
U.S. Pat. No. 6,248,516 BI).
[0282] Antibody fragments can be made by various techniques,
including but not limited to proteolytic digestion of an intact
antibody as well as production by recombinant host cells (e.g. E.
coli or phage), as described herein.
[0283] 3. Chimeric and Humanized Antibodies
[0284] In certain embodiments, an antibody provided herein is a
chimeric antibody. Certain chimeric antibodies are described, e.g.,
in U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,567; and Morrison et al., Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 81:6851-6855 (1984)). In one example, a chimeric antibody
comprises a non-human variable region (e.g., a variable region
derived from a mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, or non-human primate,
such as a monkey) and a human constant region. In a further
example, a chimeric antibody is a "class switched" antibody in
which the class or subclass has been changed from that of the
parent antibody. Chimeric antibodies include antigen-binding
fragments thereof.
[0285] In certain embodiments, a chimeric antibody is a humanized
antibody. Typically, a non-human antibody is humanized to reduce
immunogenicity to humans, while retaining the specificity and
affinity of the parental non-human antibody. Generally, a humanized
antibody comprises one or more variable domains in which HVRs,
e.g., CDRs, (or portions thereof) are derived from a non-human
antibody, and FRs (or portions thereof) are derived from human
antibody sequences. A humanized antibody optionally will also
comprise at least a portion of a human constant region. In some
embodiments, some FR residues in a humanized antibody are
substituted with corresponding residues from a non-human antibody
(e.g., the antibody from which the HVR residues are derived), e.g.,
to restore or improve antibody specificity or affinity.
[0286] Humanized antibodies and methods of making them are
reviewed, e.g., in Almagro and Fransson, Front. Biosci.
13:1619-1633 (2008), and are further described, e.g., in Riechmann
et al., Nature 332:323-329 (1988); Queen et al., Proc. Nat'l Acad.
Sci. USA 86:10029-10033 (1989); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,821,337,
7,527,791, 6,982,321, and 7,087,409; Kashmiri et al., Methods
36:25-34 (2005) (describing specificity determining region (SDR)
grafting); Padlan, Mol. Immunol. 28:489-498 (1991) (describing
"resurfacing"); Dall' Acqua et al., Methods 36:43-60 (2005)
(describing "FR shuffling"); and Osbourn et al., Methods 36:61-68
(2005) and Klimka et al., Br. J. Cancer, 83:252-260 (2000)
(describing the "guided selection" approach to FR shuffling).
[0287] Human framework regions that may be used for humanization
include but are not limited to: framework regions selected using
the "best-fit" method (see, e.g., Sims et al. J. Immunol. 151:2296
(1993)); framework regions derived from the consensus sequence of
human antibodies of a particular subgroup of light or heavy chain
variable regions (see, e.g., Carter et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA, 89:4285 (1992); and Presta et al. J. Immunol., 151:2623
(1993)); human mature (somatically mutated) framework regions or
human germline framework regions (see, e.g., Almagro and Fransson,
Front. Biosci. 13:1619-1633 (2008)); and framework regions derived
from screening FR libraries (see, e.g., Baca et al., J. Biol. Chem.
272:10678-10684 (1997) and Rosok et al., J. Biol. Chem.
271:22611-22618 (1996)).
[0288] 4. Human Antibodies
[0289] In certain embodiments, an antibody provided herein is a
human antibody. Human antibodies can be produced using various
techniques known in the art. Human antibodies are described
generally in van Dijk and van de Winkel, Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 5:
368-74 (2001) and Lonberg, Curr. Opin. Immunol. 20:450-459
(2008).
[0290] Human antibodies may be prepared by administering an
immunogen to a transgenic animal that has been modified to produce
intact human antibodies or intact antibodies with human variable
regions in response to antigenic challenge. Such animals typically
contain all or a portion of the human immunoglobulin loci, which
replace the endogenous immunoglobulin loci, or which are present
extrachromosomally or integrated randomly into the animal's
chromosomes. In such transgenic mice, the endogenous immunoglobulin
loci have generally been inactivated. For review of methods for
obtaining human antibodies from transgenic animals, see Lonberg,
Nat. Biotech. 23:1117-1125 (2005). See also, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos.
6,075,181 and 6,150,584 describing XENOMOUSE.TM. technology; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,770,429 describing HuMAB.RTM. technology; U.S. Pat. No.
7,041,870 describing K-M MOUSE.RTM. technology, and U.S. Patent
Application Publication No. US 2007/0061900, describing
VELOCIMOUSE.RTM. technology). Human variable regions from intact
antibodies generated by such animals may be further modified, e.g.,
by combining with a different human constant region.
[0291] Human antibodies can also be made by hybridoma-based
methods. Human myeloma and mouse-human heteromyeloma cell lines for
the production of human monoclonal antibodies have been described.
(See, e.g., Kozbor J. Immunol., 133: 3001 (1984); Brodeur et al.,
Monoclonal Antibody Production Techniques and Applications, pp.
51-63 (Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1987); and Boemer et al., J.
Immunol., 147: 86 (1991).) Human antibodies generated via human
B-cell hybridoma technology are also described in Li et al., Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103:3557-3562 (2006). Additional methods
include those described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 7,189,826
(describing production of monoclonal human IgM antibodies from
hybridoma cell lines) and Ni, Xiandai Mianyixue, 26(4):265-268
(2006) (describing human-human hybridomas). Human hybridoma
technology (Trioma technology) is also described in Vollmers and
Brandlein, Histology and Histopathology, 20(3):927-937 (2005) and
Vollmers and Brandlein, Methods and Findings in Experimental and
Clinical Pharmacology, 27(3):185-91 (2005).
[0292] Human antibodies may also be generated by isolating Fv clone
variable domain sequences selected from human-derived phage display
libraries. Such variable domain sequences may then be combined with
a desired human constant domain. Techniques for selecting human
antibodies from antibody libraries are described below.
[0293] 5. Library-Derived Antibodies
[0294] Antibodies of the invention may be isolated by screening
combinatorial libraries for antibodies with the desired activity or
activities. For example, a variety of methods are known in the art
for generating phage display libraries and screening such libraries
for antibodies possessing the desired binding characteristics. Such
methods are reviewed, e.g., in Hoogenboom et al. in Methods in
Molecular Biology 178:1-37 (O'Brien et al., ed., Human Press,
Totowa, N.J., 2001) and further described, e.g., in the McCafferty
et al., Nature 348:552-554; Clackson et al., Nature 352: 624-628
(1991); Marks et al., J. Mol. Biol. 222: 581-597 (1992); Marks and
Bradbury, in Methods in Molecular Biology 248:161-175 (Lo, ed.,
Human Press, Totowa, N.J., 2003); Sidhu et al., J. Mol. Biol.
338(2): 299-310 (2004); Lee et al., J. Mol. Biol. 340(5): 1073-1093
(2004); Fellouse, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101(34): 12467-12472
(2004); and Lee et al., J. Immunol. Methods 284(1-2):
119-132(2004).
[0295] In certain phage display methods, repertoires of VH and VL
genes are separately cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and
recombined randomly in phage libraries, which can then be screened
for antigen-binding phage as described in Winter et al., Ann. Rev.
Immunol., 12: 433-455 (1994). Phage typically display antibody
fragments, either as single-chain Fv (scFv) fragments or as Fab
fragments. Libraries from immunized sources provide high-affinity
antibodies to the immunogen without the requirement of constructing
hybridomas. Alternatively, the naive repertoire can be cloned
(e.g., from human) to provide a single source of antibodies to a
wide range of non-self and also self antigens without any
immunization as described by Griffiths et al., EMBO J, 12: 725-734
(1993). Finally, naive libraries can also be made synthetically by
cloning unrearranged V-gene segments from stem cells, and using PCR
primers containing random sequence to encode the highly variable
CDR3 regions and to accomplish rearrangement in vitro, as described
by Hoogenboom and Winter, J. Mol. Biol., 227: 381-388 (1992).
Patent publications describing human antibody phage libraries
include, for example: U.S. Pat. No. 5,750,373, and US Patent
Publication Nos. 2005/0079574, 2005/0119455, 2005/0266000,
2007/0117126, 2007/0160598, 2007/0237764, 2007/0292936, and
2009/0002360.
[0296] Antibodies or antibody fragments isolated from human
antibody libraries are considered human antibodies or human
antibody fragments herein.
[0297] 6. Multispecific Antibodies
[0298] In certain embodiments, an antibody provided herein is a
multispecific antibody, e.g. a bispecific antibody. Multispecific
antibodies are monoclonal antibodies that have binding
specificities for at least two different sites. In certain
embodiments, one of the binding specificities is for OX40 and the
other is for any other antigen. In certain embodiments, bispecific
antibodies may bind to two different epitopes of OX40. Bispecific
antibodies may also be used to localize cytotoxic agents to cells
which express OX40. Bispecific antibodies can be prepared as full
length antibodies or antibody fragments.
[0299] Techniques for making multispecific antibodies include, but
are not limited to, recombinant co-expression of two immunoglobulin
heavy chain-light chain pairs having different specificities (see
Milstein and Cuello, Nature 305: 537 (1983)), WO 93/08829, and
Traunecker et al., EMBO J. 10: 3655 (1991)), and "knob-in-hole"
engineering (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,731,168). Multi-specific
antibodies may also be made by engineering electrostatic steering
effects for making antibody Fc-heterodimeric molecules (WO
2009/089004A1); cross-linking two or more antibodies or fragments
(see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,676,980, and Brennan et al., Science,
229: 81 (1985)); using leucine zippers to produce bi-specific
antibodies (see, e.g., Kostelny et al., J. Immunol.,
148(5):1547-1553 (1992)); using "diabody" technology for making
bispecific antibody fragments (see, e.g., Hollinger et al., Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90:6444-6448 (1993)); and using single-chain
Fv (sFv) dimers (see, e.g. Gruber et al., J. Immunol., 152:5368
(1994)); and preparing trispecific antibodies as described, e.g.,
in Tutt et al. J. Immunol. 147: 60 (1991).
[0300] Engineered antibodies with three or more functional antigen
binding sites, including "Octopus antibodies," are also included
herein (see, e.g. US 2006/0025576A1).
[0301] The antibody or fragment herein also includes a "Dual Acting
FAb" or "DAF" comprising an antigen binding site that binds to OX40
as well as another, different antigen (see, US 2008/0069820, for
example).
[0302] 7. Antibody Variants
[0303] In certain embodiments, amino acid sequence variants of the
antibodies provided herein are contemplated. For example, it may be
desirable to improve the binding affinity and/or other biological
properties of the antibody. Amino acid sequence variants of an
antibody may be prepared by introducing appropriate modifications
into the nucleotide sequence encoding the antibody, or by peptide
synthesis. Such modifications include, for example, deletions from,
and/or insertions into and/or substitutions of residues within the
amino acid sequences of the antibody. Any combination of deletion,
insertion, and substitution can be made to arrive at the final
construct, provided that the final construct possesses the desired
characteristics, e.g., antigen-binding.
[0304] a) Substitution, Insertion, and Deletion Variants
[0305] In certain embodiments, antibody variants having one or more
amino acid substitutions are provided. Sites of interest for
substitutional mutagenesis include the HVRs and FRs. Conservative
substitutions are shown in Table A under the heading of "preferred
substitutions." More substantial changes are provided in Table A
under the heading of "exemplary substitutions," and as further
described below in reference to amino acid side chain classes.
Amino acid substitutions may be introduced into an antibody of
interest and the products screened for a desired activity, e.g.,
retained/improved antigen binding, decreased immunogenicity, or
improved ADCC or CDC.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE A Original Exemplary Preferred Residue
Substitutions Substitutions Ala (A) Val; Leu; Ile Val Arg (R) Lys;
Gln; Asn Lys Asn (N) Gln; His; Asp, Lys; Arg Gln Asp (D) Glu; Asn
Glu Cys (C) Ser; Ala Ser Gln (Q) Asn; Glu Asn Glu (E) Asp; Gln Asp
Gly (G) Ala Ala His (H) Asn; Gln; Lys; Arg Arg Ile (I) Leu; Val;
Met; Ala; Phe; Norleucine Leu Leu (L) Norleucine; Ile; Val; Met;
Ala; Phe Ile Lys (K) Arg; Gln; Asn Arg Met (M) Leu; Phe; Ile Leu
Phe (F) Trp; Leu; Val; Ile; Ala; Tyr Tyr Pro (P) Ala Ala Ser (S)
Thr Thr Thr (T) Val; Ser Ser Trp (W) Tyr; Phe Tyr Tyr (Y) Trp; Phe;
Thr; Ser Phe Val (V) Ile; Leu; Met; Phe; Ala; Norleucine Leu
[0306] Amino acids may be grouped according to common side-chain
properties: [0307] (1) hydrophobic: Norleucine, Met, Ala, Val, Leu,
Ile; [0308] (2) neutral hydrophilic: Cys, Ser, Thr, Asn, Gin;
[0309] (3) acidic: Asp, Glu; [0310] (4) basic: His, Lys, Arg;
[0311] (5) residues that influence chain orientation: Gly, Pro;
[0312] (6) aromatic: Trp, Tyr, Phe.
[0313] Non-conservative substitutions will entail exchanging a
member of one of these classes for another class.
[0314] One type of substitutional variant involves substituting one
or more hypervariable region residues of a parent antibody (e.g. a
humanized or human antibody). Generally, the resulting variant(s)
selected for further study will have modifications (e.g.,
improvements) in certain biological properties (e.g., increased
affinity, reduced immunogenicity) relative to the parent antibody
and/or will have substantially retained certain biological
properties of the parent antibody. An exemplary substitutional
variant is an affinity matured antibody, which may be conveniently
generated, e.g., using phage display-based affinity maturation
techniques such as those described herein. Briefly, one or more HVR
residues are mutated and the variant antibodies displayed on phage
and screened for a particular biological activity (e.g. binding
affinity).
[0315] Alterations (e.g., substitutions) may be made in HVRs, e.g.,
to improve antibody affinity. Such alterations may be made in HVR
"hotspots," i.e., residues encoded by codons that undergo mutation
at high frequency during the somatic maturation process (see, e.g.,
Chowdhury, Methods Mol. Biol. 207:179-196 (2008)), and/or residues
that contact antigen, with the resulting variant VH or VL being
tested for binding affinity. Affinity maturation by constructing
and reselecting from secondary libraries has been described, e.g.,
in Hoogenboom et al. in Methods in Molecular Biology 178:1-37
(O'Brien et al., ed., Human Press, Totowa, N.J., (2001).) In some
embodiments of affinity maturation, diversity is introduced into
the variable genes chosen for maturation by any of a variety of
methods (e.g., error-prone PCR, chain shuffling, or
oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis). A secondary library is then
created. The library is then screened to identify any antibody
variants with the desired affinity. Another method to introduce
diversity involves HVR-directed approaches, in which several HVR
residues (e.g., 4-6 residues at a time) are randomized. HVR
residues involved in antigen binding may be specifically
identified, e.g., using alanine scanning mutagenesis or modeling.
CDR-H3 and CDR-L3 in particular are often targeted.
[0316] In certain embodiments, substitutions, insertions, or
deletions may occur within one or more HVRs so long as such
alterations do not substantially reduce the ability of the antibody
to bind antigen. For example, conservative alterations (e.g.,
conservative substitutions as provided herein) that do not
substantially reduce binding affinity may be made in HVRs. Such
alterations may, for example, be outside of antigen contacting
residues in the HVRs. In certain embodiments of the variant VH and
VL sequences provided above, each HVR either is unaltered, or
contains no more than one, two or three amino acid
substitutions.
[0317] A useful method for identification of residues or regions of
an antibody that may be targeted for mutagenesis is called "alanine
scanning mutagenesis" as described by Cunningham and Wells (1989)
Science, 244:1081-1085. In this method, a residue or group of
target residues (e.g., charged residues such as arg, asp, his, lys,
and glu) are identified and replaced by a neutral or negatively
charged amino acid (e.g., alanine or polyalanine) to determine
whether the interaction of the antibody with antigen is affected.
Further substitutions may be introduced at the amino acid locations
demonstrating functional sensitivity to the initial substitutions.
Alternatively, or additionally, a crystal structure of an
antigen-antibody complex to identify contact points between the
antibody and antigen. Such contact residues and neighboring
residues may be targeted or eliminated as candidates for
substitution. Variants may be screened to determine whether they
contain the desired properties.
[0318] Amino acid sequence insertions include amino- and/or
carboxyl-terminal fusions ranging in length from one residue to
polypeptides containing a hundred or more residues, as well as
intrasequence insertions of single or multiple amino acid residues.
Examples of terminal insertions include an antibody with an
N-terminal methionyl residue. Other insertional variants of the
antibody molecule include the fusion to the N- or C-terminus of the
antibody to an enzyme (e.g. for ADEPT) or a polypeptide which
increases the serum half-life of the antibody.
[0319] b) Glycosylation Variants
[0320] In certain embodiments, an antibody provided herein is
altered to increase or decrease the extent to which the antibody is
glycosylated. Addition or deletion of glycosylation sites to an
antibody may be conveniently accomplished by altering the amino
acid sequence such that one or more glycosylation sites is created
or removed.
[0321] Where the antibody comprises an Fc region, the carbohydrate
attached thereto may be altered. Native antibodies produced by
mammalian cells typically comprise a branched, biantennary
oligosaccharide that is generally attached by an N-linkage to
Asn297 of the CH2 domain of the Fc region. See, e.g., Wright et al.
TIBTECH 15:26-32 (1997). The oligosaccharide may include various
carbohydrates, e.g., mannose, N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc),
galactose, and sialic acid, as well as a fucose attached to a
GlcNAc in the "stem" of the biantennary oligosaccharide structure.
In some embodiments, modifications of the oligosaccharide in an
antibody of the invention may be made in order to create antibody
variants with certain improved properties.
[0322] In one embodiment, antibody variants are provided having a
carbohydrate structure that lacks fucose attached (directly or
indirectly) to an Fc region. For example, the amount of fucose in
such antibody may be from 1% to 80%, from 1% to 65%, from 5% to 65%
or from 20% to 40%. The amount of fucose is determined by
calculating the average amount of fucose within the sugar chain at
Asn297, relative to the sum of all glycostructures attached to Asn
297 (e.g. complex, hybrid and high mannose structures) as measured
by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, as described in WO 2008/077546, for
example. Asn297 refers to the asparagine residue located at about
position 297 in the Fc region (Eu numbering of Fc region residues);
however, Asn297 may also be located about t 3 amino acids upstream
or downstream of position 297, i.e., between positions 294 and 300,
due to minor sequence variations in antibodies. Such fucosylation
variants may have improved ADCC function. See, e.g., US Patent
Publication Nos. US 2003/0157108 (Presta, L); US 2004/0093621
(Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd). Examples of publications related to
"defucosylated" or "fucose-deficient" antibody variants include: US
2003/0157108; WO 2000/61739; WO 2001/29246; US 2003/0115614; US
2002/0164328; US 2004/0093621; US 2004/0132140; US 2004/0110704; US
2004/0110282; US 2004/0109865; WO 2003/085119; WO 2003/084570; WO
2005/035586; WO 2005/035778; WO2005/053742; WO2002/031140; Okazaki
et al. J. Mol. Biol. 336:1239-1249 (2004); Yamane-Ohnuki et al.
Biotech. Bioeng. 87: 614 (2004). Examples of cell lines capable of
producing defucosylated antibodies include Lec13 CHO cells
deficient in protein fucosylation (Ripka et al. Arch. Biochem.
Biophys. 249:533-545 (1986); US Pat Appl No US 2003/0157108 A1,
Presta, L; and WO 2004/056312 A1, Adams et al., especially at
Example 11), and knockout cell lines, such as
alpha-1,6-fucosyltransferase gene, FUT8, knockout CHO cells (see,
e.g., Yamane-Ohnuki et al. Biotech. Bioeng. 87: 614 (2004); Kanda,
Y. et al., Biotechnol. Bioeng., 94(4):680-688 (2006); and
WO2003/085107).
[0323] Antibodies variants are further provided with bisected
oligosaccharides, e.g., in which a biantennary oligosaccharide
attached to the Fc region of the antibody is bisected by GlcNAc.
Such antibody variants may have reduced fucosylation and/or
improved ADCC function. Examples of such antibody variants are
described, e.g., in WO 2003/011878 (Jean-Mairet et al.); U.S. Pat.
No. 6,602,684 (Umana et al.); and US 2005/0123546 (Umana et al.).
Antibody variants with at least one galactose residue in the
oligosaccharide attached to the Fc region are also provided. Such
antibody variants may have improved CDC function. Such antibody
variants are described, e.g., in WO 1997/30087 (Patel et al.); WO
1998/58964 (Raju, S.); and WO 1999/22764 (Raju, S.).
[0324] c) Fc Region Variants
[0325] In certain embodiments, one or more amino acid modifications
may be introduced into the Fc region of an antibody provided
herein, thereby generating an Fc region variant. The Fc region
variant may comprise a human Fc region sequence (e.g., a human
IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4 Fc region) comprising an amino acid
modification (e.g. a substitution) at one or more amino acid
positions.
[0326] In certain embodiments, the invention contemplates an
antibody variant that possesses some but not all effector
functions, which make it a desirable candidate for applications in
which the half life of the antibody in vivo is important yet
certain effector functions (such as complement and ADCC) are
unnecessary or deleterious. In vitro and/or in vivo cytotoxicity
assays can be conducted to confirm the reduction/depletion of CDC
and/or ADCC activities. For example, Fc receptor (FcR) binding
assays can be conducted to ensure that the antibody lacks
Fc.gamma.R binding (hence likely lacking ADCC activity), but
retains FcRn binding ability. The primary cells for mediating ADCC,
NK cells, express Fc(RIII only, whereas monocytes express Fc(RI,
Fc(RII and Fc(RIII. FcR expression on hematopoietic cells is
summarized in Table 3 on page 464 of Ravetch and Kinet, Annu. Rev.
Immunol. 9:457-492 (1991). Non-limiting examples of in vitro assays
to assess ADCC activity of a molecule of interest is described in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,362 (see, e.g. Hellstrom, I. et al. Proc. Nat'l
Acad. Sci. USA 83:7059-7063 (1986)) and Hellstrom, I et al., Proc.
Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA 82:1499-1502 (1985); U.S. Pat. No. 5,821,337
(see Bruggemann, M. et al., J. Exp. Med. 166:1351-1361 (1987)).
Alternatively, non-radioactive assays methods may be employed (see,
for example, ACTI.TM. non-radioactive cytotoxicity assay for flow
cytometry (CellTechnology, Inc. Mountain View, Calif.; and CytoTox
96.RTM. non-radioactive cytotoxicity assay (Promega, Madison,
Wis.). Useful effector cells for such assays include peripheral
blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and Natural Killer (NK) cells.
Alternatively, or additionally, ADCC activity of the molecule of
interest may be assessed in vivo, e.g., in a animal model such as
that disclosed in Clynes et al. Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA
95:652-656 (1998). C1q binding assays may also be carried out to
confirm that the antibody is unable to bind C1q and hence lacks CDC
activity. See, e.g., C1q and C3c binding ELISA in WO 2006/029879
and WO 2005/100402. To assess complement activation, a CDC assay
may be performed (see, for example, Gazzano-Santoro et al., J.
Immunol. Methods 202:163 (1996); Cragg, M. S. et al., Blood
101:1045-1052 (2003); and Cragg, M. S. and M. J. Glennie, Blood
103:2738-2743 (2004)). FcRn binding and in vivo clearance/half life
determinations can also be performed using methods known in the art
(see, e.g., Petkova, S. B. et al., Int'l. Immunol. 18(12):1759-1769
(2006)).
[0327] Antibodies with reduced effector function include those with
substitution of one or more of Fc region residues 238, 265, 269,
270, 297, 327 and 329 (U.S. Pat. No. 6,737,056). Such Fc mutants
include Fc mutants with substitutions at two or more of amino acid
positions 265, 269, 270, 297 and 327, including the so-called
"DANA" Fc mutant with substitution of residues 265 and 297 to
alanine (U.S. Pat. No. 7,332,581).
[0328] Certain antibody variants with improved or diminished
binding to FcRs are described. (See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,737,056;
WO 2004/056312, and Shields et al., J. Biol. Chem. 9(2): 6591-6604
(2001).)
[0329] In certain embodiments, an antibody variant comprises an Fc
region with one or more amino acid substitutions which improve
ADCC, e.g., substitutions at positions 298, 333, and/or 334 of the
Fc region (EU numbering of residues).
[0330] In some embodiments, alterations are made in the Fc region
that result in altered (i.e., either improved or diminished) C1q
binding and/or Complement Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC), e.g., as
described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,194,551, WO 99/51642, and Idusogie et
al. J. Immunol. 164: 4178-4184 (2000).
[0331] Antibodies with increased half lives and improved binding to
the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), which is responsible for the
transfer of maternal IgGs to the fetus (Guyer et al., J. Immunol.
117:587 (1976) and Kim et al., J. Immunol. 24:249 (1994)), are
described in US2005/0014934A1 (Hinton et al.). Those antibodies
comprise an Fc region with one or more substitutions therein which
improve binding of the Fc region to FcRn. Such Fc variants include
those with substitutions at one or more of Fc region residues: 238,
256, 265, 272, 286, 303, 305, 307, 311, 312, 317, 340, 356, 360,
362, 376, 378, 380, 382, 413, 424 or 434, e.g., substitution of Fc
region residue 434 (U.S. Pat. No. 7,371,826).
[0332] See also Duncan & Winter, Nature 322:738-40 (1988); U.S.
Pat. No. 5,648,260; U.S. Pat. No. 5,624,821; and WO 94/29351
concerning other examples of Fc region variants.
[0333] d) Cysteine Engineered Antibody Variants
[0334] In certain embodiments, it may be desirable to create
cysteine engineered antibodies, e.g., "thioMAbs," in which one or
more residues of an antibody are substituted with cysteine
residues. In particular embodiments, the substituted residues occur
at accessible sites of the antibody. By substituting those residues
with cysteine, reactive thiol groups are thereby positioned at
accessible sites of the antibody and may be used to conjugate the
antibody to other moieties, such as drug moieties or linker-drug
moieties, to create an immunoconjugate, as described further
herein. In certain embodiments, any one or more of the following
residues may be substituted with cysteine: V205 (Kabat numbering)
of the light chain; A118 (EU numbering) of the heavy chain; and
S400 (EU numbering) of the heavy chain Fc region. Cysteine
engineered antibodies may be generated as described, e.g., in U.S.
Pat. No. 7,521,541.
[0335] e) Antibody Derivatives
[0336] In certain embodiments, an antibody provided herein may be
further modified to contain additional nonproteinaceous moieties
that are known in the art and readily available. The moieties
suitable for derivatization of the antibody include but are not
limited to water soluble polymers. Non-limiting examples of water
soluble polymers include, but are not limited to, polyethylene
glycol (PEG), copolymers of ethylene glycol/propylene glycol,
carboxymethylcellulose, dextran, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl
pyrrolidone, poly-1, 3-dioxolane, poly-1,3,6-trioxane,
ethylene/maleic anhydride copolymer, polyaminoacids (either
homopolymers or random copolymers), and dextran or poly(n-vinyl
pyrrolidone)polyethylene glycol, propropylene glycol homopolymers,
prolypropylene oxide/ethylene oxide co-polymers, polyoxyethylated
polyols (e.g., glycerol), polyvinyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
Polyethylene glycol propionaldehyde may have advantages in
manufacturing due to its stability in water. The polymer may be of
any molecular weight, and may be branched or unbranched. The number
of polymers attached to the antibody may vary, and if more than one
polymer are attached, they can be the same or different molecules.
In general, the number and/or type of polymers used for
derivatization can be determined based on considerations including,
but not limited to, the particular properties or functions of the
antibody to be improved, whether the antibody derivative will be
used in a therapy under defined conditions, etc.
[0337] In another embodiment, conjugates of an antibody and
nonproteinaceous moiety that may be selectively heated by exposure
to radiation are provided. In one embodiment, the nonproteinaceous
moiety is a carbon nanotube (Kam et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
102: 11600-11605 (2005)). The radiation may be of any wavelength,
and includes, but is not limited to, wavelengths that do not harm
ordinary cells, but which heat the nonproteinaceous moiety to a
temperature at which cells proximal to the
antibody-nonproteinaceous moiety are killed.
[0338] A. Recombinant Methods and Compositions
[0339] Antibodies may be produced using recombinant methods and
compositions, e.g., as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,567. In one
embodiment, isolated nucleic acid encoding an anti-OX40 antibody
described herein is provided. Such nucleic acid may encode an amino
acid sequence comprising the VL and/or an amino acid sequence
comprising the VH of the antibody (e.g., the light and/or heavy
chains of the antibody). In a further embodiment, one or more
vectors (e.g., expression vectors) comprising such nucleic acid are
provided. In a further embodiment, a host cell comprising such
nucleic acid is provided. In one such embodiment, a host cell
comprises (e.g., has been transformed with): (1) a vector
comprising a nucleic acid that encodes an amino acid sequence
comprising the VL of the antibody and an amino acid sequence
comprising the VH of the antibody, or (2) a first vector comprising
a nucleic acid that encodes an amino acid sequence comprising the
VL of the antibody and a second vector comprising a nucleic acid
that encodes an amino acid sequence comprising the VH of the
antibody. In one embodiment, the host cell is eukaryotic, e.g. a
Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell or lymphoid cell (e.g., Y0, NS0,
Sp20 cell). In one embodiment, a method of making an anti-OX40
antibody is provided, wherein the method comprises culturing a host
cell comprising a nucleic acid encoding the antibody, as provided
above, under conditions suitable for expression of the antibody,
and optionally recovering the antibody from the host cell (or host
cell culture medium).
[0340] For recombinant production of an anti-OX40 antibody, nucleic
acid encoding an antibody, e.g., as described above, is isolated
and inserted into one or more vectors for further cloning and/or
expression in a host cell. Such nucleic acid may be readily
isolated and sequenced using conventional procedures (e.g., by
using oligonucleotide probes that are capable of binding
specifically to genes encoding the heavy and light chains of the
antibody).
[0341] Suitable host cells for cloning or expression of
antibody-encoding vectors include prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells
described herein. For example, antibodies may be produced in
bacteria, in particular when glycosylation and Fc effector function
are not needed. For expression of antibody fragments and
polypeptides in bacteria, see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,648,237,
5,789,199, and 5,840,523. (See also Charlton, Methods in Molecular
Biology, Vol. 248 (B. K. C. Lo, ed., Humana Press, Totowa, N.J.,
2003), pp. 245-254, describing expression of antibody fragments in
E. coli.) After expression, the antibody may be isolated from the
bacterial cell paste in a soluble fraction and can be further
purified.
[0342] In addition to prokaryotes, eukaryotic microbes such as
filamentous fungi or yeast are suitable cloning or expression hosts
for antibody-encoding vectors, including fungi and yeast strains
whose glycosylation pathways have been "humanized," resulting in
the production of an antibody with a partially or fully human
glycosylation pattern. See Gemgross, Nat. Biotech. 22:1409-1414
(2004), and Li et al., Nat. Biotech. 24:210-215 (2006).
[0343] Suitable host cells for the expression of glycosylated
antibody are also derived from multicellular organisms
(invertebrates and vertebrates). Examples of invertebrate cells
include plant and insect cells. Numerous baculoviral strains have
been identified which may be used in conjunction with insect cells,
particularly for transfection of Spodoptera frugiperda cells.
[0344] Plant cell cultures can also be utilized as hosts. See,
e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,959,177, 6,040,498, 6,420,548, 7,125,978,
and 6,417,429 (describing PLANTIBODIES.TM. technology for producing
antibodies in transgenic plants).
[0345] Vertebrate cells may also be used as hosts. For example,
mammalian cell lines that are adapted to grow in suspension may be
useful. Other examples of useful mammalian host cell lines are
monkey kidney CVI line transformed by SV40 (COS-7); human embryonic
kidney line (293 or 293 cells as described, e.g., in Graham et al.,
J. Gen Virol. 36:59 (1977)); baby hamster kidney cells (BHK); mouse
sertoli cells (TM4 cells as described, e.g., in Mather, Biol.
Reprod. 23:243-251 (1980)); monkey kidney cells (CV1); African
green monkey kidney cells (VERO-76); human cervical carcinoma cells
(HELA); canine kidney cells (MDCK; buffalo rat liver cells (BRL
3A); human lung cells (W138); human liver cells (Hep G2); mouse
mammary tumor (MMT 060562); TRI cells, as described, e.g., in
Mather et al., Annals N.Y. Acad. Sci. 383:44-68 (1982); MRC 5
cells; and FS4 cells. Other useful mammalian host cell lines
include Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, including DHFR.sup.- CHO
cells (Urlaub et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:4216 (1980));
and myeloma cell lines such as Y0, NS0 and Sp2/0. For a review of
certain mammalian host cell lines suitable for antibody production,
see, e.g., Yazaki and Wu, Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 248
(B. K. C. Lo, ed., Humana Press, Totowa, N.J.), pp. 255-268
(2003).
[0346] B. Assays
[0347] Anti-OX40 antibodies provided herein may be identified,
screened for, or characterized for their physical/chemical
properties and/or biological activities by various assays known in
the art.
[0348] 1. Binding Assays and Other Assays
[0349] In one aspect, an antibody of the invention is tested for
its antigen binding activity, e.g., by known methods such as ELISA,
Western blot, etc. OX40 binding may be determined using methods
known in the art and exemplary methods are disclosed herein. In one
embodiment, binding is measured using radioimmunoassay. An
exemplary radioimmunassay is exemplified in the Examples. OX40
antibody is iodinated, and competition reaction mixtures are
prepared containing a fixed concentration of iodinated antibody and
decreasing concentrations of serially diluted, unlabeled OZ X40
antibody. Cells expressing OX40 (e.g., BT474 cells stably
transfected with human OX40) are added to the reaction mixture.
Following an incubation, cells are washed to separate the free
iodinated OX40 antibody from the OX40 antibody bound to the cells.
Level of bound iodinated OX40 antibody is determined, e.g., by
counting radioactivity associated with cells, and binding affinity
determined using standard methods. In another embodiment, ability
of OX40 antibody to bind to surface-expressed OX40 (e.g., on T cell
subsets) is assessed using flow cytometry. Peripheral white blood
cells are obtained (e.g., from human, cynomolgus monkey, rat or
mouse) and cells are blocked with serum. Labeled OX40 antibody is
added in serial dilutions, and T cells are also stained to identify
T cell subsets (using methods known in the art). Following
incubation of the samples and washing, the cells are sorted using
flow cytometer, and data analyzed using methods well known in the
art. In another embodiment, OX40 binding may be analyzed using
surface plasmon resonance. An exemplary surface plasmon resonance
method is exemplified in the Examples.
[0350] In another aspect, competition assays may be used to
identify an antibody that competes with any of the anti-OX40
antibodies disclosed herein for binding to OX40, or to identify an
antibody that competes with any of the anti-VEGF antibodies
disclosed herein for binding to VEGF. In certain embodiments, such
a competing antibody binds to the same epitope (e.g., a linear or a
conformational epitope) that is bound by any of the anti-OX40
antibodies disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, such a
competing antibody binds to the same epitope (e.g., a linear or a
conformational epitope, or the A4.6.1 epitope) that is bound by any
of the anti-VEGF antibodies disclosed herein. Detailed exemplary
methods for mapping an epitope to which an antibody binds are
provided in Morris (1996) "Epitope Mapping Protocols," in Methods
in Molecular Biology vol. 66 (Humana Press, Totowa, N.J.). A
competition assay is exemplified in the Examples.
[0351] In an exemplary competition assay, immobilized OX40 or VEGF
is incubated in a solution comprising a first labeled antibody that
binds to OX40 or VEGF, respectively (e.g., mab 1A7.gr.1 or mab
3C8.gr5 for OX40, or A4.6.1 for VEGF) and a second unlabeled
antibody that is being tested for its ability to compete with the
first antibody for binding to OX40 or VEGF, respectively. The
second antibody may be present in a hybridoma supernatant. As a
control, immobilized OX40 or VEGF, respectively, is incubated in a
solution comprising the first labeled antibody but not the second
unlabeled antibody. After incubation under conditions permissive
for binding of the first antibody to OX40 or VEGF, respectively,
excess unbound antibody is removed, and the amount of label
associated with immobilized OX40 or VEGF, respectively, is
measured. If the amount of label associated with immobilized OX40
or VEGF, respectively, is substantially reduced in the test sample
relative to the control sample, then that indicates that the second
antibody is competing with the first antibody for binding to OX40
or VEGF, respectively. See Harlow and Lane (1988) Antibodies: A
Laboratory Manual ch.14 (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring
Harbor, N.Y.).
[0352] 2. Activity Assays
[0353] In one aspect, assays are provided for identifying anti-OX40
antibodies thereof having biological activity. Biological activity
may include, e.g., binding OX40 (e.g., binding human and/or
cynomolgus OX40), increasing OX40-mediated signal transduction
(e.g., increasing NFkB-mediated transcription), depleting cells
that express human OX40 (e.g., T cells), depleting cells that
express human OX40 by ADCC and/or phagocytosis, enhancing T
effector cell function (e.g., CD4+ effector T cell), e.g., by
increasing effector T cell proliferation and/or increasing cytokine
production (e.g., gamma interferon) by effector T cells, enhancing
memory T cell function (e.g., CD4+ memory T cell), e.g., by
increasing memory T cell proliferation and/or increasing cytokine
production by memory T cells (e.g., gamma interferon), inhibiting
regulatory T cell function (e.g., by decreasing Treg suppression of
effector T cell function (e.g., CD4+ effector T cell function),
binding human effector cells. Antibodies having such biological
activity in vivo and/or in vitro are also provided.
[0354] In certain embodiments, an antibody of the invention is
tested for such biological activity.
[0355] T cell costimulation may be assayed using methods known in
the art and exemplary methods are disclosed herein. For example, T
cells (e.g., memory or effector T cells) may be obtained from
peripheral white blood cells (e.g., isolated from human whole blood
using Ficoll gradient centrifugation). Memory T cells (e.g., CD4+
memory T cells) or effector T cells (e.g. CD4+ Teff cells) may be
isolated from PBMC using methods known in the art. For example, the
Miltenyi CD4+ memory T cell isolation kit or Miltenyi naive CD4+ T
cell isolation kit may be used. Isolated T cells are cultured in
the presence of antigen presenting cells (e.g., irradiated L cells
that express CD32 and CD80), and activated by addition of anti-CD3
antibody in the presence or absence of OX40 agonist antibody.
Effect of agonist OX40 antibody of T cell proliferation may be
measured using methods well known in the art. For example, the
CellTiter Glo kit (Promega) may be used, and results read on a
Multilabel Reader (Perkin Elmer). Effect of agonist OX40 antibody
on T cell function may also be determined by analysis of cytokines
produced by the T cell. In one embodiment, production of interferon
gamma by CD4+ T cells is determined, e.g., by measurement of
interferon gamma in cell culture supernatant. Methods for measuring
interferon gamma are well-known in the art.
[0356] Treg cell function may be assayed using methods known in the
art and exemplary methods are disclosed herein. In one example, the
ability of Treg to suppress effector T cell proliferation is
assayed. T cells are isolated from human whole blood using methods
known in the art (e.g., isolating memory T cells or naive T cells).
Purified CD4+ naive T cells are labeled (e.g., with CFSE) and
purified Treg cells are labeled with a different reagent.
Irradiated antigen presenting cells (e.g., L cells expressing CD32
and CD80) are co-cultured with the labeled purified naive CD4+ T
cells and purified Tregs. The co-cultures are activated using
anti-CD3 antibody and tested in the presence or absence of agonist
OX40 antibody. Following a suitable time (e.g., 6 days of
coculture), level of CD4+ naive T cell proliferation is tracked by
dye dilution in reduced label staining (e.g., reduced CFSE label
staining) using FACS analysis.
[0357] OX40 signaling may be assayed using methods well known in
the art and exemplary methods are disclosed herein. In one
embodiment, transgenic cells are generated that express human OX40
and a reporter gene comprising the NFkB promoter fused to a
reporter gene (e.g., beta luciferase). Addition of OX40 agonist
antibody to the cells results in increased NFkB transcription,
which is detected using an assay for the reporter gene.
[0358] Phagocytosis may be assayed, e.g., by using monocyte-derived
macrophages, or U937 cells (a human histiocytic lymphoma cells line
with the morphology and characteristics of mature macrophages).
OX40 expressing cells are added to the monocyte-derived macrophages
or U937 cells in the presence or absence of anti-OX40 agonist
antibody. Following culturing of the cells for a suitable period of
time, the percentage of phagocytosis is determined by examining
percentage of cells that double stain for markers of 1) the
macrophage or U937 cell and 2) the OX40 expressing cell, and
dividing this by the total number of cells that show markers of the
OX40 expressing cell (e.g., GFP). Analysis may be done by flow
cytometry. In another embodiment, analysis may be done by
fluorescent microscopy analysis.
[0359] ADCC may be assayed, e.g., using methods well known in the
art. Exemplary methods are described in the definition section and
an exemplary assay is disclosed in the Examples. In some
embodiments, level of OX40 is characterized on an OX40 expressing
cell that is used for testing in an ADCC assay. The cell may be
stained with a detectably labeled anti-OX40 antibody (e.g., PE
labeled), then level of fluorescence determined using flow
cytometry, and results presented as median fluorescence intensity
(MFI). In another embodiment, ADCC may be analyzed by CellTiter Glo
assay kit and cell viability/cytotoxicity may be determined by
chemioluminescence.
[0360] The binding affinities of various antibodies to
Fc.gamma.RIA, Fc.gamma.RIIA, Fc.gamma.RIIB, and two allotypes of
Fc.gamma.RIIIA (F158 and V158) may be measured in ELISA-based
ligand-binding assays using the respective recombinant Fc.gamma.
receptors. Purified human Fc.gamma. receptors are expressed as
fusion proteins containing the extracellular domain of the receptor
.gamma. chain linked to a Gly/6.times.His/glutathione S-transferase
(GST) polypeptide tag at the C-terminus. The binding affinities of
antibodies to those human Fc.gamma. receptors are assayed as
follows. For the low-affinity receptors, i.e. Fc.gamma.RIIA
(CD32A), Fc.gamma.RIIB (CD32B), and the two allotypes of
Fc.gamma.RIIIA (CD16), F-158 and V-158, antibodies may be tested as
multimers by cross-linking with a F(ab')2 fragment of goat
anti-human kappa chain (ICN Biomedical; Irvine, Calif.) at an
approximate molar ratio of 1:3 antibody:cross-linking F(ab').sub.2.
Plates are coated with an anti-GST antibody (Genentech) and blocked
with bovine serum albumin (BSA). After washing with
phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 0.05% Tween-20 with an
ELx405.TM. plate washer (Biotek Instruments; Winooski, Vt.),
Fc.gamma. receptors are added to the plate at 25 ng/well and
incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. After the plates are
washed, serial dilutions of test antibodies are added as multimeric
complexes and the plates were incubated at room temperature for 2
hours. Following plate washing to remove unbound antibodies, the
antibodies bound to the Fc.gamma. receptor are detected with
horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated F(ab').sub.2 fragment of
goat anti-human F(ab').sub.2 (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories;
West Grove, Pa.) followed by the addition of substrate,
tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) (Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories;
Gaithersburg, Md.). The plates are incubated at room temperature
for 5-20 minutes, depending on the Fc.gamma. receptors tested, to
allow color development. The reaction is terminated with 1 M
H.sub.3PO.sub.4 and absorbance at 450 nm was measured with a
microplate reader (SpectraMax.RTM. 190, Molecular Devices;
Sunnyvale, Calif.). Dose-response binding curves are generated by
plotting the mean absorbance values from the duplicates of antibody
dilutions against the concentrations of the antibody. Values for
the effective concentration of the antibody at which 50% of the
maximum response from binding to the Fc.gamma. receptor is detected
(EC.sub.50) were determined after fitting the binding curve with a
four-parameter equation using SoftMax Pro (Molecular Devices).
[0361] To select for antibodies which induce cell death, loss of
membrane integrity as indicated by, e.g., propidium iodide (PI),
trypan blue or 7AAD uptake may be assessed relative to control. A
PI uptake assay can be performed in the absence of complement and
immune effector cells. OX40 expressing cells are incubated with
medium alone or medium containing of the appropriate monoclonal
antibody at e.g., about 10 .mu.g/ml. The cells are incubated for a
time period (e.g., 1 or 3 days). Following each treatment, cells
are washed and aliquoted. In some embodiments, cells are aliquoted
into 35 mm strainer-capped 12.times.75 tubes (1 ml per tube, 3
tubes per treatment group) for removal of cell clumps. Tubes then
receive PI (10 .mu.g/ml). Samples may be analyzed using a
FACSCAN.TM. flow cytometer and FACSCONVERT.TM. CellQuest software
(Becton Dickinson).
[0362] Cells for use in any of the above in vitro assays include
cells or cell lines that naturally express OX40 or that have been
engineered to express OX40. Such cells include activated T cells,
Treg cells and activated memory T cells that naturally express
OX40. Such cells also include cell lines that express OX40 and cell
lines that do not normally express OX40 but have been transfected
with nucleic acid encoding OX40. Exemplary cell lines provided
herein for use in any of the above in vitro assays include
transgenic BT474 cells (a human breast cancer cell line) that
express human OX40
[0363] It is understood that any of the above assays may be carried
out using an immunoconjugate of the invention in place of or in
addition to an anti-OX40 antibody.
[0364] It is understood that any of the above assays may be carried
out using anti-OX40 antibody and an additional therapeutic
agent.
[0365] Assays for identifying anti-VEGF antibodies are known in the
art. For example, antibody affinities may be determined by a
surface plasmon resonance based assay (such as the BIAcore assay as
described in PCT Application Publication No. WO2005/012359);
enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA); and competition assays
(e.g. RIA's), for example. In certain embodiments, the anti-VEGF
antibody of the invention can be used as a therapeutic agent in
targeting and interfering with diseases or conditions wherein the
VEGF activity is involved. Also, the antibody may be subjected to
other biological activity assays, e.g., in order to evaluate its
effectiveness as a therapeutic. Such assays are known in the art
and depend on the target antigen and intended use for the antibody.
Examples include the HUVEC inhibition assay; tumor cell growth
inhibition assays (as described in WO 89/06692, for example);
antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and
complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CDC) assays (U.S. Pat. No.
5,500,362); and agonistic activity or hematopoiesis assays (see WO
95/27062).
[0366] C. Immunoconjugates
[0367] The invention also provides immunoconjugates comprising an
anti-OX40 antibody herein conjugated to one or more cytotoxic
agents, such as chemotherapeutic agents or drugs, growth inhibitory
agents, toxins (e.g., protein toxins, enzymatically active toxins
of bacterial, fungal, plant, or animal origin, or fragments
thereof), or radioactive isotopes.
[0368] In one embodiment, an immunoconjugate is an antibody-drug
conjugate (ADC) in which an antibody is conjugated to one or more
drugs, including but not limited to a maytansinoid (see U.S. Pat.
Nos. 5,208,020, 5,416,064 and European Patent EP 0 425 235 B1); an
auristatin such as monomethylauristatin drug moieties DE and DF
(MMAE and MMAF) (see U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,635,483 and 5,780,588, and
7,498,298); a dolastatin; a calicheamicin or derivative thereof
(see U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,712,374, 5,714,586, 5,739,116, 5,767,285,
5,770,701, 5,770,710, 5,773,001, and 5,877,296; Hinman et al.,
Cancer Res. 53:3336-3342 (1993); and Lode et al., Cancer Res.
58:2925-2928 (1998)); an anthracycline such as daunomycin or
doxorubicin (see Kratz et al., Current Med. Chem. 13:477-523
(2006); Jeffrey et al., Bioorganic & Med. Chem. Letters
16:358-362 (2006); Torgov et al., Bioconj. Chem. 16:717-721 (2005);
Nagy et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:829-834 (2000);
Dubowchik et al., Bioorg. & Med. Chem. Letters 12:1529-1532
(2002); King et al., J. Med. Chem. 45:4336-4343 (2002); and U.S.
Pat. No. 6,630,579); methotrexate; vindesine; a taxane such as
docetaxel, paclitaxel, larotaxel, tesetaxel, and ortataxel; a
trichothecene; and CC1065.
[0369] In another embodiment, an immunoconjugate comprises an
antibody as described herein conjugated to an enzymatically active
toxin or fragment thereof, including but not limited to diphtheria
A chain, nonbinding active fragments of diphtheria toxin, exotoxin
A chain (from Pseudomonas aeruginosa), ricin A chain, abrin A
chain, modeccin A chain, alpha-sarcin, Aleurites fordii proteins,
dianthin proteins, Phytolaca americana proteins (PAPI, PAPII, and
PAP-S), momordica charantia inhibitor, curcin, crotin, sapaonaria
officinalis inhibitor, gelonin, mitogellin, restrictocin,
phenomycin, enomycin, and the tricothecenes.
[0370] In another embodiment, an immunoconjugate comprises an
antibody as described herein conjugated to a radioactive atom to
form a radioconjugate. A variety of radioactive isotopes are
available for the production of radioconjugates. Examples include
At.sup.211, I.sup.131, I.sup.125, Y.sup.90, Re.sup.186, Re.sup.188,
Sm.sup.153, Bi.sup.212, P.sup.32, Pb.sup.212 and radioactive
isotopes of Lu. When the radioconjugate is used for detection, it
may comprise a radioactive atom for scintigraphic studies, for
example tc99m or I123, or a spin label for nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) imaging (also known as magnetic resonance imaging,
mri), such as iodine-123 again, iodine-131, indium-111,
fluorine-19, carbon-13, nitrogen-15, oxygen-17, gadolinium,
manganese or iron.
[0371] Conjugates of an antibody and cytotoxic agent may be made
using a variety of bifunctional protein coupling agents such as
N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP),
succinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate
(SMCC), iminothiolane (IT), bifunctional derivatives of imidoesters
(such as dimethyl adipimidate HCl), active esters (such as
disuccinimidyl suberate), aldehydes (such as glutaraldehyde),
bis-azido compounds (such as bis (p-azidobenzoyl) hexanediamine),
bis-diazonium derivatives (such as
bis-(p-diazoniumbenzoyl)-ethylenediamine), diisocyanates (such as
toluene 2,6-diisocyanate), and bis-active fluorine compounds (such
as 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene). For example, a ricin
immunotoxin can be prepared as described in Vitetta et al., Science
238:1098 (1987). Carbon-14-labeled
1-isothiocyanatobenzyl-3-methyldiethylene triaminepentaacetic acid
(MX-DTPA) is an exemplary chelating agent for conjugation of
radionucleotide to the antibody. See WO94/11026. The linker may be
a "cleavable linker" facilitating release of a cytotoxic drug in
the cell. For example, an acid-labile linker, peptidase-sensitive
linker, photolabile linker, dimethyl linker or disulfide-containing
linker (Chari et al., Cancer Res. 52:127-131 (1992); U.S. Pat. No.
5,208,020) may be used.
[0372] The immunuoconjugates or ADCs herein expressly contemplate,
but are not limited to such conjugates prepared with cross-linker
reagents including, but not limited to, BMPS, EMCS, GMBS, HBVS,
LC-SMCC, MBS, MPBH, SBAP, SIA, SIAB, SMCC, SMPB, SMPH, sulfo-EMCS,
sulfo-GMBS, sulfo-KMUS, sulfo-MBS, sulfo-SIAB, sulfo-SMCC, and
sulfo-SMPB, and SVSB (succinimidyl-(4-vinylsulfone)benzoate) which
are commercially available (e.g., from Pierce Biotechnology, Inc.,
Rockford, Ill., U.S.A).
TABLE-US-00003 OX40 Agonist Antibody Sequences Name SEQUENCE SEQ ID
NO: Human OX40 LHCVGDTYPSNDRCCHECRPGNGMVSRCSRSQNTVCRPCGPG 1
(lacking the FYNDVVSSKPCKPCTWCNLRSGSERKQLCTATQDTVCRCRAG signal
peptide) TQPLDSYKPGVDCAPCPPGHFSPGDNQACKPWTNCTLAGKHT
LQPASNSSDAICEDRDPPATQPQETQGPPARPITVQPTEAWPRT
SQGPSTRPVEVPGGRAVAAILGLGLVLGLLGPLAILLALYLLRR
DQRLPPDAHKPPGGGSFRTPIQEEQADAHSTLAKI HVR-H1- DSYMS 2 1A7.gr.1
1A7.gr.2 1A7.gr.3 1A7.gr.4 1A7.gr.5 1A7.gr.5' 1A7.gr.6 1A7.gr.7
1A7.gr.7' 1A7.gr.NADS 1A7.gr.NADA 1A7.gr.NGDA 1A7.gr.SGDS
1A7.gr.NGSS 1A7.Ala.1 1A7.Ala.2 1A7.Ala.3 1A7.Ala.4 1A7.Ala.5
1A7.Ala.6 1A7.Ala.7 1A7.Ala.8 1A7.Ala.9 1A7.Ala.10 1A7.Ala.11
1A7.Ala.12 1A7.Ala.13 1A7.Ala.14 1A7.Ala.15 1A7.Ala.16 HVR-H2-
DMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRE 3 1A7.gr.1 1A7.gr.2 1A7.gr.3 1A7.gr.4 1A7.gr.5
1A7.gr.5' 1A7.gr.6 1A7.gr.7 1A7.gr.7' 1A7.gr.DA 1A7.gr.ES 1A7.Ala.1
1A7.Ala.2 1A7.Ala.3 1A7.Ala.4 1A7.Ala.5 1A7.Ala.6 1A7.Ala.7
1A7.Ala.8 1A7.Ala.9 1A7.Ala.10 1A7.Ala.11 1A7.Ala.12 1A7.Ala.13
1A7.Ala.14 1A7.Ala.15 1A7.Ala.16 HVR-H3- APRWYFSV 4 1A7.gr.1
1A7.gr.2 1A7.gr.3 1A7.gr.4 1A7.gr.5 1A7.gr.5' 1A7.gr.6 1A7.gr.7
1A7.gr.7' 1A7.gr.DA 1A7.gr.ES 1A7.gr.NADS 1A7.gr.NADA 1A7.gr.NGDA
1A7.gr.SGDS 1A7.gr.NGSS 1A7.gr.DANADA 1A7.Ala.1 1A7.Ala.2 1A7.Ala.3
1A7.Ala.4 1A7.Ala.5 1A7.Ala.6 1A7.Ala.7 1A7-Ala.15 1A7.Ala.16
HVR-L1- RASQDISNYLN 5 1A7.gr.1 1A7.gr.2 1A7.gr.3 1A7.gr.4 1A7.gr.5
1A7.gr.5' 1A7.gr.6 1A7.gr.7 1A7.gr.7' 1A7.gr.DA 1A7.gr.ES
1A7.gr.NADS 1A7.gr.NADA 1A7.gr.NGDA 1A7.gr.SGDS 1A7.gr.NGSS
1A7.gr.DANADA 1A7.Ala.1 1A7.Ala.2 1A7.Ala.3 1A7.Ala.4 1A7.Ala.5
1A7.Ala.6 1A7.Ala.7 1A7.Ala.8 1A7.Ala.9 1A7.Ala.10 1A7.Ala.11
1A7.Ala.12 1A7.Ala.13 1A7.Ala.14 1A7.Ala.15 1A7.Ala.16 HVR-L2-
YTSRLRS 6 1A7.gr.1 1A7.gr.2 1A7.gr.3 1A7.gr.4 1A7.gr.5 1A7.gr.5'
1A7.gr.6 1A7.gr.7 1A7.gr.7' 1A7.gr.DA 1A7.gr.ES 1A7.gr.NADS
1A7.gr.NADA 1A7.gr.NGDA 1A7.gr.SGDS 1A7.gr.NGSS 1A7.gr.DANADA
1A7.Ala.1 1A7.Ala.2 1A7.Ala.3 1A7.Ala.4 1A7.Ala.5 1A7.Ala.6
1A7.Ala.7 1A7.Ala.8 1A7.Ala.9 1A7.Ala.10 1A7.Ala.11 1A7.Ala.12
1A7.Ala.13 1A7.Ala.14 1A7.Ala.15 1A7.Ala.16 HVR-L3- QQGHTLPPT 7
1A7.gr.1 1A7.gr.2 1A7.gr.3 1A7.gr.4 1A7.gr.5 1A7.gr.5' 1A7.gr.6
1A7.gr.7 1A7.gr.7' 1A7.gr.DA 1A7.gr.ES 1A7.gr.NADS 1A7.gr.NADA
1A7.gr.NGDA 1A7.gr.SGDS 1A7.gr.NGSS 1A7.gr.DANADA 1A7.Ala.8
1A7.Ala.9 1A7.Ala.10 1A7.Ala.11 1A7.Ala.12 1A7.Ala.13 1A7.Ala.14
1A7.Ala.15 1A7.Ala.16 HVR-H1- DAYMS 8 1A7.gr.DA HVR-H1- ESYMS 9
1A7.gr.ES 1A7.gr.DANADA HVR-H2- DMYPDNADSSYNQKFRE 10 1A7.gr.NADS
HVR-H2- DMYPDNADASYNQKFRE 11 1A7.gr.NADA 1A7.gr.DANADA HVR-H2-
DMYPDNGDASYNQKFRE 12 1A7.gr.NGDA HVR-H2- DMYPDSGDSSYNQKFRE 13
1A7.gr.SGDS HVR-H2- DMYPDNGSSSYNQKFRE 14 1A7.gr.NGSS HVR-H3-
APRWYFSA 15 1A7.Ala.8 HVR-H3- APRWYASV 16 1A7.Ala.9 HVR-H3-
APRWAFSV 17 1A7.Ala.10 HVR-H3- APAWYFSV 18 1A7.Ala.11 HVR-H3-
APRWYFAV 19 1A7.Ala.12 HVR-H3- APRAYFSV 20 1A7.Ala.13 HVR-H3-
AARWYFSV 21 1A7.Ala.14 HVR-L3- QQGHTLPAT 22 1A7.Ala.1 HVR-L3-
QQGHTAPPT 23 1A7.Ala.2 HVR-L3- QQGATLPPT 24 1A7.Ala.3
HVR-L3- QQGHALPPT 25 1A7.Ala.4 HVR-L3- QQAHTLPPT 26 1A7.Ala.5
HVR-L3- QQGHTLAPT 27 1A7.Ala.6 HVR-L3- QAGHTLPPT 28 1A7.Ala.7
HVR-H1- NYLIE 29 3C8.gr.1 3C8.gr.2 3C8.gr.3 3C8.gr.4 3C8.gr.5
3C8.gr.5.SG 3C8.gr.5.EG 3C8.gr.5.QG 3C9.gr.5.DQ 3C8.gr.5.DA
3C8.gr.6 3C8.gr.7 3C8.gr.8 3C8.gr.9 3C8.gr.10 3C8.gr.11 3C8.A.1
3C8.A.2 3C8.A.3 3C8.A.4 3C8.A.5 3C8.A.6 3C8.A.7 3C8.A.8 3C8.A.9
3C8.A.10 HVR-H2- VINPGSGDTYYSEKFKG 30 3C8.gr.1 3C8.gr.2 3C8.gr.3
3C8.gr.4 3C8.gr.5 3C8.gr.5.SG 3C8.gr.5.EG 3C8.gr.5.QG 3C8.gr.6
3C8.gr.7 3C8.gr.8 3C8.gr.9 3C8.gr.10 3C8.gr.11 3C8.A.1 3C8.A.2
3C8.A.3 3C8.A.4 3C8.A.5 3C8.A.6 3C8.A.7 3C8.A.8 3C8.A.9 3C8.A.10
HVR-H2- VINPGSGDAYYSEKFKG 31 3C8.gr.5.DA HVR-H2- VINPGSGDQYYSEKFKG
32 3C8.gr.5.DQ HVR-H3- DRLDY 33 3C8.gr.1 3C8.gr.2 3C8.gr.3 3C8.gr.4
3C8.gr.5 3C8.gr.5.SG 3C8.gr.5.EG 3C8.gr.5.QG 3C8.gr.5.DA
3C8.gr.5.DQ 3C8.gr.6 3C8.gr.7 3C8.gr.8 3C8.gr.9 3C8.gr.10 3C8.gr.11
3C8.A.1 3C8.A.2 3C8.A.3 3C8.A.4 3C8.A.5 3C8.A.6 3C8.A.7 HVR-H3-
ARLDY 34 3C8.A.8 HVR-H3- DALDY 35 3C8.A.9 HVR-H3- DRADY 36 3C8.A.10
HVR-L1- HASQDISSYIV 37 3C8.gr.1 3C8.gr.2 3C8.gr.3 3C8.gr.4 3C8.gr.5
3C8.gr.5.SG 3C8.gr.5.EG 3C8.gr.5.QG 3C8.gr.5.DA 3C8.gr.5.DQ
3C8.gr.6 3C8.gr.7 3C8.gr.8 3C8.gr.9 3C8.gr.10 3C8.gr.11 3C8.A.1
3C8.A.2 3C8.A.3 3C8.A.4 3C8.A.5 3C8.A.6 3C8.A.7 3C8.A.8 3C8.A.9
3C8.A.10 HVR-L2- HGTNLED 38 3C8.gr.1 3C8.gr.2 3C8.gr.3 3C8.gr.4
3C8.gr.5 3C8.gr.5.DA 3C8.gr.5.DQ 3C8.gr.6 3C8.gr.7 3C8.gr.8
3C8.gr.9 3C8.gr.10 3C8.gr.11 3C8.A.1 3C8.A.2 3C8.A.3 3C8.A.4
3C8.A.5 3C8.A.6 3C8.A.7 3C8.A.8 3C8.A.9 3C8.A.10 HVR-L2- HGTNLES 39
3C8.gr5.SG HVR-L2- HGTNLEE 40 3C8.gr.5.EG HVR-L2- HGTNLEQ 41
3C8.gr.5.QG HVR-L3 VHYAQFPYT 42 3C8.gr.1 3C8.gr.2 3C8.gr.3 3C8.gr.4
3C8.gr.5 3C8.gr.5.SG 3C8.gr.5.EG 3C8.gr.5.QG 3C8.gr.5.DA
3C8.gr.5.DQ 3C8.gr.6 3C8.gr.7 3C8.gr.8 3C8.gr.9 3C8.gr.10 3C8.gr.11
3C8.A.8 3C8.A.9 3C8.A.10 HVR-L3- AHYAQFPYT 43 3C8.A.1 HVR-L3-
VAYAQFPYT 44 3C8.A.2 HVR-L3- VHAAQFPYT 45 3C8.A.3 HVR-L3- VHYAAFPYT
46 3C8.A.4 HVR-L3- VHYAQAPYT 47 3C8.A.5 HVR-L3- VHYAQFAYT 48
3C8.A.6 HVR-L3- VHYAQFPAT 49 3C8.A.7 HVR-H1- DYGVL 50 1D2.gr.1
1D2.gr.2 1D2.gr.3 HVR-H2- MIWSGGTTDYNAAFIS 51 1D2.gr.1 1D2.gr.2
1D2.gr.3 HVR-H3- EEMDY 52 1D2.gr.1 1D2.gr.2 1D2.gr.3 HVR-L1-
RASQDISNFLN 53 1D2.gr.1 1D2.gr.2 1D2.gr.3 HVR-L2- YTSRLHS 54
1D2.gr.1 1D2.gr.2 1D2.gr.3 HVR-L3- QQGNTLPWT 55 1D2.gr.1 1D2.gr.2
1D2.gr.3 1A7.gr.1 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 56
V.sub.H GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.1
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 57 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.2 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 58 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITVDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.2
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 59 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.3 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 60 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTLTVDTSTSTAYLEL
SSLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.3
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 61 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.4 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 62 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITVDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.4
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKT 63 V.sub.L
VKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.5 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 64 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITVDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.5
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKT 65 V.sub.L
VKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.6 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 66 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITVDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.6
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKT 67 V.sub.L
VKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGKDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYFC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.7 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 68 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITVDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.7
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKT 69 V.sub.L
VKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGKDYTLTISSLQPEDFATYFC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.DA EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDAYMSWVRQAP 70 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.DA
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 71 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.ES EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTESYMSWVRQAP 72 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.ES
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 73 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.NADS EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 74 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNADSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.NADS
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 75 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.NADA EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 76 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNADASYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.NADA
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 77 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.NGDA EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 78 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDASYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.NGDA
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 79 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.SGDS EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 80 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDSGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.SGDS
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 81 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.NGSS EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 82 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGSSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.NGSS
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 83 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.gr.DANADA EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDAYMSWVRQAP 84 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNADASYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.gr.DANADA
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 85 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.1 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 86 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.1
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 87 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPATFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.2 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 88 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.2
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 89 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTAPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.3 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 90 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.3
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 91 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGATLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.4 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 92 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.4
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 93 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHALPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.5 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 94 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.5
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 95 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQAHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.6 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 96 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.6
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 97 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLAPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.7 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 98 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.7
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 99 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QAGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.8 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 100 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSAWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.8
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 101 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.9 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 102 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYASVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.9
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 103 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.10 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 104 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWAFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.10
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 105 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.11 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 106 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPAWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.11
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 107 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.12 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 108 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFAVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.12
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 109 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.13 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 110 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRAYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.13
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 111 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.14 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 112 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVLAARWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.14
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 113 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.15 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 114 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCALAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.15
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 115 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
1A7.Ala.16 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 116 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTITRDTSTSTAYLELS
SLRSEDTAVYYCVAAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS 1A7.Ala.16
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKA 117 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGHTLPPTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.1 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 118 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTITRDTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.1
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKAP 119 V.sub.L
KLLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.2 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 120 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTITADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.2
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKAP 121
V.sub.L KLLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC
VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK 3C8.gr.3
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 122 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.3
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKAP 123 V.sub.L
KLLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.4 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 124 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTITADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.4
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 125 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.5 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 126 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.5
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 127 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.5.SG EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 128 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.5.SG
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 129 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLESGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCV HYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.5.EG EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 130 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.5.EG
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 131 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEEGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.5.QG EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 132 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.5.QG
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 133 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEQGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.6 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 134 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTITADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.6
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 135 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGADYTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.7 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 136 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.7
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 137 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGADYTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.8 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 138 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTRDTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.8
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 139 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.9 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 140 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTRDTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.9
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSP 141 V.sub.L
KLLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.10 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 142 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTRDTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.10
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKAF 143 V.sub.L
KLLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.gr.11 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 144 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTRDTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.gr.11
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKAP 145 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.1 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 146 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.1
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 147 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC AHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.2 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 148 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.2
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 149 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VAYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.3 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 150 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.3
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 151 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHAAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.4 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 152 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.4
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 153 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAAFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.5 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 154 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.5
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 155 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQAPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.6 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 156 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.6
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 157 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFAYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.7 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 158 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.7
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 159 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPATFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.8 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 160 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARARLDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.8
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 161 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.9 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 162 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDALDYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.9
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 163 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
3C8.A.10 EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVRQAPG 164 V.sub.H
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGRVTLTADTSTSTAYLELSSL
RSEDTAVYYCARDRADYWGQGTLVTVSS 3C8.A.10
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCHASQDISSYIVWYQQKPGKSF 165 V.sub.L
KGLIYHGTNLEDGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC VHYAQFPYTFGQGTKVEIK
1D2.gr.1 EVQLVESGPGLVKPSETLSLTCTVSGFSLTDYGVLWIRQPPGKG 166 V.sub.H
LEWIGMIVVSGGTTDYNAAFISRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAA
DTAVYYCVREEMDYWGQGTLVTVSS 1D2.gr.1
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNFLNWYQQKPGKA 167 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIK
1D2.gr.2 EVQLVESGPGLVKPSETLSLTCTVSGFSLTDYGVLWIRQPPGKG 168 V.sub.H
LEWIGMIVVSGGTTDYNAAFISRVTISKDTSKNQVSLKLSSVTA
ADTAVYYCVREEMDYWGQGTLVTVSS 1D2.gr.2
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNFLNWYQQKPGKA 169 V.sub.L
PKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIK
1D2.gr.3 EVQLVESGPGLVKPSETLSLTCTVSGFSLTDYGVLWVRQPPGK 170 VH
GLEWLGMIVVSGGTTDYNAAFISRLTISKDTSKNQVSLKLSSVT
AADTAVYYCVREEMDYWGQGTLVTVSS 1D2.gr.3
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISNFLNWYQQKPGKA 171 VL
PKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYC QQGNTLPWTFGQGTKVEIK
CON1 X.sub.1X.sub.2YMS, wherein X.sub.1 is D or E, and X.sub.2 is S
or A 172 (1A7)HVR-H1 CON1 (1A7)
DMYPDX.sub.1X.sub.2X.sub.3X.sub.4SYNQKFRE, wherein X.sub.1 is N or
S, X.sub.1 is 173 HVR-H2 A or G, X.sub.3 is D or S, and X.sub.4 is
A or S CON1 (1A7) APRWX.sub.1X.sub.2X.sub.3X.sub.4, wherein X.sub.1
is Y or A, X.sub.2 is A or F, 174 HVR-H3 X.sub.3 is S or A, and
X.sub.4 is A or V. CON1 (1A7)
QX.sub.1X.sub.2X.sub.3X.sub.4X.sub.5X.sub.6X.sub.7T, wherein
X.sub.1 is A or Q, X.sub.2 is A or 175 HVR-L3 G, X.sub.3 is A or H,
X.sub.4 is A or T, X.sub.5 is A or L, X.sub.6 is A or P, and
X.sub.7 is A or P. CON2 (3C8) VINPGSGDX.sub.1YYSEKFKG, wherein
X.sub.1 is T, A or Q. 176 HVR-H2 CON2 (3C8) HGTNLEX.sub.1, wherein
X.sub.1 is S, E, or Q. 177 HVR-L2 CON2 (3C8)
X.sub.1X.sub.2YAQFPYX.sub.3, wherein X.sub.1 is V or A, X.sub.2 is
H or A, and 178 HVR-L3 X.sub.3 is Y or A. 1A7 V.sub.L
DIQMTQTTSSLSASLGDRVTISCRASQDISNYLNWYQQKPDGT 179
VKLLIYYTSRLRSGVPSRFSGSGSGKDYFLTISNLEQEDVAAYF CQQGHTLPPTFGGGTKLEIK
1A7 V.sub.H EVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVKISCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVKQSHG 180
KTLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFREKVTLTVDKSSTTAYMEFR
SLTSEDSAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGTGTTVTVSS 3C8 V.sub.L
DILMTQSPSSMSVSLGDTVSITCHASQDISSYIVWLQQKPGKSF 181
RGLIYHGTNLEDGIPSRFSGSGSGADYSLTISSLESEDFADYYCV HYAQFPYTFGGGTKLEIK
3C8 V.sub.H QVQLQQSGAELVRPGTSVKVSCKASGYAFTNYLIEWVKQRPG 182
QGLEWIGVINPGSGDTYYSEKFKGKVTLTADKSSSTAYMQLSS
LTSEDSAVYFCARDRLDYWGQGTTLTVSS 1A7.gr.5'
EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 233 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTLTVDTSTSTAYLEL
SSLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS
1A7.gr.7' EVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTDSYMSWVRQAP 234 V.sub.H
GQGLEWIGDMYPDNGDSSYNQKFRERVTLTVDTSTSTAYLEL
SSLRSEDTAVYYCVLAPRWYFSVWGQGTLVTVSS
IV. METHODS OF TREATMENT
[0373] Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to method
for treating or delaying progression of cancer in an individual
comprising administering to the individual an effective amount of
an anti-angiogenesis agent described herein and an OX40 binding
agonist described herein. For example, any of the anti-angiogenesis
agents (e.g., anti-VEGF antibodies) and OX40 binding agonists
(e.g., anti-human OX40 antibodies) provided herein may be used in
therapeutic methods. In some embodiments, the individual has cancer
or has been diagnosed with cancer. In some embodiments, the
treatment results in a sustained response in the individual after
cessation of the treatment. In some embodiments, the individual is
a human.
[0374] In some embodiments, the OX40 binding agonist is
administered before the anti-angiogenesis agent, simultaneous with
the anti-angiogenesis agent, or after the anti-angiogenesis
agent.
[0375] Examples of various cancer types that can be treated with an
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., a VEGF antagonist such as an
anti-VEGF antibody like bevacizumab) and an OX40 binding agonist
are described above. Preferred cancer types include gynecologic
cancers (e.g., ovarian, peritoneal, fallopian tube, cervical,
endometrial, vaginal, and vulvar cancer). Additional cancers
include epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, primary
peritoneal cancer, squamous cell cancer, lung cancer (including
small-cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma
of the lung, and squamous carcinoma of the lung), cancer of the
peritoneum, hepatocellular cancer, gastric or stomach cancer
(including gastrointestinal cancer), pancreatic cancer,
glioblastoma, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer (including platinum
sensitive and platinum resistant ovarian cancer), liver cancer,
bladder cancer, hepatoma, neuroblastoma, melanoma, breast cancer,
colon cancer, colorectal cancer, fallopian tube, peritoneal,
endometrial or uterine carcinoma, salivary gland carcinoma, kidney
or renal cancer, liver cancer, prostate cancer, vulval cancer,
thyroid cancer, soft-tissue sarcoma, kaposi's sarcoma, carcinoid
carcinoma, mesothelioma, multiple myeloma, hepatic carcinoma and
various types of head and neck cancer, as well as B-cell lymphoma
(including low grade/follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); small
lymphocytic (SL) NHL; intermediate grade/follicular NHL;
intermediate grade diffuse NHL; high grade immunoblastic NHL; high
grade lymphoblastic NHL; high grade small non-cleaved cell NHL;
bulky disease NHL; mantle cell lymphoma; AIDS-related lymphoma: and
Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia); chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL); acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); Hairy cell leukemia;
chronic myeloblastic leukemia; and post-transplant
lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), as well as abnormal vascular
proliferation associated with phakomatoses, edema (such as that
associated with brain tumors), and Meigs' syndrome. In various
embodiments, the cancer that is treated is advanced, refractory,
recurrent, chenmotherapy-resistant, and/or platinum-resistant
cancer.
[0376] In some embodiments, examples of cancer further include, but
are not limited to, B-cell lymphoma (including low grade/follicular
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); small lymphocytic (SL) NHL;
intermediate grade/follicular NHL; intermediate grade diffuse NHL;
high grade immunoblastic NHL; high grade lymphoblastic NHL; high
grade small non-cleaved cell NHL; bulky disease NHL; mantle cell
lymphoma; AIDS-related lymphoma; and Waldenstrom's
Macroglobulinemia); chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); acute
lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); Hairy cell leukemia; chronic
myeloblastic leukemia; and post-transplant lymphoproliferative
disorder (PTLD), as well as abnormal vascular proliferation
associated with phakomatoses, edema (such as that associated with
brain tumors), B-cell proliferative disorders, and Meigs' syndrome.
More specific examples include, but are not limited to, relapsed or
refractory NHL, front line low grade NHL, Stage III/IV NHL,
chemotherapy resistant NHL, precursor B lymphoblastic leukemia
and/or lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma, B-cell chronic
lymphocytic leukemia and/or prolymphocytic leukemia and/or small
lymphocytic lymphoma, B-cell prolymphocytic lymphoma, immunocytoma
and/or lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma,
marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma,
extranodal marginal zone-MALT lymphoma, nodal marginal zone
lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, plasmacytoma and/or plasma cell
myeloma, low grade/follicular lymphoma, intermediate
grade/follicular NHL, mantle cell lymphoma, follicle center
lymphoma (follicular), intermediate grade diffuse NHL, diffuse
large B-cell lymphoma, aggressive NHL (including aggressive
front-line NHL and aggressive relapsed NHL), NHL relapsing after or
refractory to autologous stem cell transplantation, primary
mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, high
grade immunoblastic NHL, high grade lymphoblastic NHL, high grade
small non-cleaved cell NHL, bulky disease NHL, Burkitt's lymphoma,
precursor (peripheral) large granular lymphocytic leukemia, mycosis
fungoides and/or Sezary syndrome, skin (cutaneous) lymphomas,
anaplastic large cell lymphoma, angiocentric lymphoma.
[0377] In some embodiments, examples of cancer further include, but
are not limited to, B-cell proliferative disorders, which further
include, but are not limited to, lymphomas (e.g., B-Cell
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL)) and lymphocytic leukemias. Such
lymphomas and lymphocytic leukemias include e.g. a) follicular
lymphomas, b) Small Non-Cleaved Cell Lymphomas/Burkitt's lymphoma
(including endemic Burkitt's lymphoma, sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma
and Non-Burkitt's lymphoma), c) marginal zone lymphomas (including
extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (Mucosa-associated
lymphatic tissue lymphomas, MALT), nodal marginal zone B-cell
lymphoma and splenic marginal zone lymphoma), d) Mantle cell
lymphoma (MCL), e) Large Cell Lymphoma (including B-cell diffuse
large cell lymphoma (DLCL), Diffuse Mixed Cell Lymphoma,
Immunoblastic Lymphoma, Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma,
Angiocentric Lymphoma-Pulmonary B-Cell Lymphoma), f) hairy cell
leukemia, g) lymphocytic lymphoma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia,
h) acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), B cell prolymphocytic
leukemia, i) plasma cell neoplasms, plasma cell myeloma, multiple
myeloma, plasmacytoma, and/or j) Hodgkin's disease.
[0378] In some embodiments of any of the methods, the cancer is a
B-cell proliferative disorder. In some embodiments, the B-cell
proliferative disorder is lymphoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL),
aggressive NHL, relapsed aggressive NHL, relapsed indolent NHL,
refractory NHL, refractory indolent NHL, chronic lymphocytic
leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma, leukemia, hairy cell
leukemia (HCL), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), or mantle cell
lymphoma. In some embodiments, the B-cell proliferative disorder is
NHL, such as indolent NHL and/or aggressive NHL. In some
embodiments, the B-cell proliferative disorder is indolent
follicular lymphoma or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
[0379] In some embodiments, the anti-angiogenesis agent and/or the
OX40 binding agonist are administered intravenously,
intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intracerobrospinally, topically,
orally, transdermally, intraperitoneally, intraorbitally, by
implantation, by inhalation, intrathecally, intraventricularly,
intra-articularly, intrasynovially, or intranasally. The VEGF
antagonist and/or the OX40 binding agonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF
antibody, such as bevacizumab), optionally in combination with one
or more chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., carboplatin and/or
paclitaxel), are administered to a human patient in accordance with
known methods, such as intravenous administration, e.g., as a bolus
or by continuous infusion over a period of time, by intramuscular,
intraperitoneal, intracerobrospinal, subcutaneous, intra-articular,
intrasynovial, intrathecal, oral, topical, or inhalation routes.
Intravenous administration of the antibody is preferred.
[0380] Pharmaceutical formulations of an anti-OX40 antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent as described herein are prepared by mixing
such antibody or other agent having the desired degree of purity
with one or more optional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers
(Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences 16th edition, Osol, A. Ed.
(1980)), in the form of lyophilized formulations or aqueous
solutions. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are generally
nontoxic to recipients at the dosages and concentrations employed,
and include, but are not limited to: buffers such as phosphate,
citrate, and other organic acids; antioxidants including ascorbic
acid and methionine; preservatives (such as octadecyldimethylbenzyl
ammonium chloride; hexamethonium chloride; benzalkonium chloride;
benzethonium chloride; phenol, butyl or benzyl alcohol; alkyl
parabens such as methyl or propyl paraben; catechol; resorcinol;
cyclohexanol; 3-pentanol; and m-cresol); low molecular weight (less
than about 10 residues) polypeptides; proteins, such as serum
albumin, gelatin, or immunoglobulins; hydrophilic polymers such as
polyvinylpyrrolidone; amino acids such as glycine, glutamine,
asparagine, histidine, arginine, or lysine; monosaccharides,
disaccharides, and other carbohydrates including glucose, mannose,
or dextrins; chelating agents such as EDTA; sugars such as sucrose,
mannitol, trehalose or sorbitol; salt-forming counter-ions such as
sodium; metal complexes (e.g. Zn-protein complexes); and/or
non-ionic surfactants such as polyethylene glycol (PEG). Exemplary
pharmaceutically acceptable carriers herein further include
interstitial drug dispersion agents such as soluble neutral-active
hyaluronidase glycoproteins (sHASEGP), for example, human soluble
PH-20 hyaluronidase glycoproteins, such as rHuPH20 (HYLENEX.RTM.,
Baxter International, Inc.). Certain exemplary sHASEGPs and methods
of use, including rHuPH20, are described in US Patent Publication
Nos. 2005/0260186 and 2006/0104968. In one aspect, a sHASEGP is
combined with one or more additional glycosaminoglycanases such as
chondroitinases.
[0381] In some embodiments, a "histidine buffer" is a buffer
comprising histidine ions. Examples of histidine buffers include
histidine chloride, histidine acetate, histidine phosphate,
histidine sulfate. The preferred histidine buffer identified in the
examples herein was found to be histidine acetate. In the preferred
embodiment, the histidine acetate buffer is prepared by titrating
L-histidine (free base, solid) with acetic acid (liquid). In some
embodiments, the histidine buffer or histidine-acetate buffer is at
pH 5.0 to 6.0, in some embodiments, pH 5.3 to 5.8.
[0382] In some embodiments, a "saccharide" herein comprises the
general composition (CH2O)n and derivatives thereof, including
monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, polysaccharides,
sugar alcohols, reducing sugars, nonreducing sugars, etc. Examples
of saccharides herein include glucose, sucrose, trehalose, lactose,
fructose, maltose, dextran, glycerin, dextran, erythritol,
glycerol, arabitol, sylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, mellibiose,
melezitose, raffinose, mannotriose, stachyose, maltose, lactulose,
maltulose, glucitol, maltitol, lactitol, iso-maltulose, etc. In
some embodiments, the saccharide is a nonreducing disaccharide,
such as trehalose or sucrose.
[0383] In some embodiments herein, a "surfactant" refers to a
surface-active agent, preferably a nonionic surfactant. Examples of
surfactants herein include polysorbate (for example, polysorbate 20
and polysorbate 80); poloxamer (e.g. poloxamer 188); Triton; sodium
dodecyl sulfate (SDS); sodium laurel sulfate; sodium octyl
glycoside; lauryl-, myristyl-, linoleyl-, or stearyl-sulfobetaine;
lauryl-, myristyl-, linoleyl- or stearyl-sarcosine; linoleyl-,
myristyl-, or cetyl-betaine; lauroamidopropyl-, cocamidopropyl-,
linoleamidopropyl-, myristamidopropyl-, palmidopropyl-, or
isostearamidopropyl-betaine (e.g. lauroamidopropyl);
myristamidopropyl-, palmidopropyl-, or
isostearamidopropyl-dimethylamine; sodium methyl cocoyl-, or
disodium methyl oleyl-taurate; and the MONAQUAT.TM. series (Mona
Industries, Inc., Paterson, N.J.); polyethyl glycol, polypropyl
glycol, and copolymers of ethylene and propylene glycol (e.g.
Pluronics, PF68 etc); etc. In some embodiments, the surfactant is
polysorbate 20. In some embodiments, the surfactant is polysorbate
80.
[0384] Exemplary lyophilized antibody formulations are described in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,267,958. Aqueous antibody formulations include
those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,171,586 and WO2006/044908, the
latter formulations including a histidine-acetate buffer.
[0385] The formulation herein may also contain more than one active
ingredients as necessary for the particular indication being
treated, preferably those with complementary activities that do not
adversely affect each other. For example, it may be desirable to
further provide an additional medicament (examples of which are
provided herein). Such active ingredients are suitably present in
combination in amounts that are effective for the purpose
intended.
[0386] Active ingredients may be entrapped in microcapsules
prepared, for example, by coacervation techniques or by interfacial
polymerization, for example, hydroxymethylcellulose or
gelatin-microcapsules and poly-(methylmethacylate) microcapsules,
respectively, in colloidal drug delivery systems (for example,
liposomes, albumin microspheres, microemulsions, nano-particles and
nanocapsules) or in macroemulsions. Such techniques are disclosed
in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences 16th edition, Osol, A. Ed.
(1980).
[0387] Sustained-release preparations may be prepared. Suitable
examples of sustained-release preparations include semipermeable
matrices of solid hydrophobic polymers containing the antibody,
which matrices are in the form of shaped articles, e.g. films, or
microcapsules.
[0388] The formulations to be used for in vivo administration are
generally sterile. Sterility may be readily accomplished, e.g., by
filtration through sterile filtration membranes.
[0389] In some embodiments, provided herein are pharmaceutical
formulations comprising: (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibodies described herein; (b) a histidine buffer at pH
5.0-6.0.
[0390] In some embodiments, provided herein are pharmaceutical
formulations comprising: (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibodies described herein; (b) a histidine buffer at pH 5.0-6.0;
(c) a saccharide; and (d) a surfactant.
[0391] In some embodiments of any of the formulations, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is present at a concentration
between about 10 mg/mL and about 100 mg/mL (e.g. about 15 mg/mL, 18
mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL, and 75 mg/mL). In some embodiments, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is present at a concentration of
about 20 mg/mL. In some embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody is present at a concentration of about 50 mg/mL. In some
embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is present at a
concentration of about 60 mg/mL. In some embodiments, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is present at a concentration of
about 70 mg/mL.
[0392] In some embodiments of any of the formulations, the
saccharide is present at a concentration of about 75 mM to about
360 mM (e.g., about 100 mM, about 120 mM, about 240 mM, about 320
mM to about 360 mM). In some embodiments, the saccharide is present
at a concentration of about 120 mM. In some embodiments, the
saccharide is present at a concentration of about 240 mM. In some
embodiments, the saccharide is present at a concentration of about
320 mM. In some embodiments, the saccharide is a disaccharide. In
some embodiments, the disaccharide is trehalose. In some
embodiments, the disaccharide is sucrose.
[0393] In some embodiments of any of the formulations, the
histidine buffer is at a concentration of about 1 mM to about 50 mM
(e.g. about 1 mM to about 25 mM). In some embodiments, the
histidine buffer is at a concentration of about 10 mM. In some
embodiments, the histidine buffer is at a concentration of about 20
mM. In some embodiments, the histidine buffer is at a concentration
of about 30 mM. In some embodiments, the histidine buffer is
histidine acetate.
[0394] In some embodiments of any of the formulations, the
surfactant is polysorbate (e.g., polysorbate 20 or polysorbate 40),
poloxamer (e.g. poloxamer 188); Triton; sodium dodecyl sulfate
(SDS); sodium laurel sulfate; or sodium octyl glycoside.
[0395] In some embodiments of any of the formulations, the
surfactant is polysorbate. In some embodiments, the polysorbate is
present at a concentration of about 0.005% to about 0.1%. In some
embodiments, the polysorbate is present at a concentration of about
0.005%. In some embodiments, the polysorbate is present at a
concentration of about 0.02%. In some embodiments, the polysorbate
is present at a concentration of about 0.04%. In some embodiments,
the polysorbate is present at a concentration of about 0.06%. In
some embodiments, the polysorbate is polysorbate 20. In some
embodiments, the polysorbate is polysorbate 80.
[0396] In some embodiments of any of the formulations, the
formulation is diluted with a diluent (e.g., 0.9% NaCl). In some
embodiments, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is present at a
concentration of about 1 mg/mL.
[0397] In particular, provided herein are pharmaceutical
formulations comprising (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibodies described herein, (b) a polysorbate, wherein the
polysorbate concentration is about 0.005% to about 0.1%.; and (c) a
histidine buffer (e.g., a histidine buffer at a pH between 5.0 and
6.0).
[0398] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) a polysorbate, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.02% to about 0.06%; (c) a histidine buffer
(e.g., a histidine buffer at a pH between 5.0 and 6.0); and a
saccharide, wherein the saccharide concentration is about 120 mM to
about 320 mM. In some embodiments, the saccharide is sucrose.
[0399] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) a polysorbate, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.02% to about 0.06%, wherein the
polysorbate is polysorbate 20 or polysorbate 40; (c) a histidine
acetate buffer (e.g., a histidine acetate buffer at a pH between
5.0 and 6.0); and a saccharide (e.g., sucrose) at a concentration
of about 120 mM to about 320 mM.
[0400] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) polysorbate 20, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.02% to about 0.06%; (c) a histidine
acetate buffer (e.g., a histidine acetate buffer at a pH between
5.0 and 6.0); and (d) sucrose, wherein the sucrose concentration is
about 120 mM to about 320 mM.
[0401] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) polysorbate 40, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.02% to about 0.06%; (c) a histidine
acetate buffer (e.g., a histidine acetate buffer at a pH between
5.0 and 6.0); and sucrose, wherein the sucrose concentration is
about 120 mM to about 320 mM.
[0402] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) polysorbate 20, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.02%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH
6.0; and (d) sucrose, wherein the sucrose concentration is about
320 mM.
[0403] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) polysorbate 20, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.02%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH
5.5; and (d) sucrose, wherein the sucrose concentration is about
240 mM.
[0404] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) polysorbate 20, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.04%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH
6.0; and (d) sucrose, wherein the sucrose concentration is about
120 mM.
[0405] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) polysorbate 40, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.04%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH
5.0; and (d) sucrose, wherein the sucrose concentration is about
240 mM.
[0406] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation
comprises (a) any of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies
described herein, (b) polysorbate 40, wherein the polysorbate
concentration is about 0.04%; (c) a histidine acetate buffer at pH
6.0; and (d) sucrose, wherein the sucrose concentration is about
120 mM.
[0407] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation is a
liquid pharmaceutical formulation. In some embodiments, the
pharmaceutical formulation is a stable pharmaceutical formulation.
In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation is a stable
liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0408] In some embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical
formulations described herein, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
of the pharmaceutical formulation is present at a concentration
between about 10 mg/mL and about 100 mg/mL. In some embodiments,
the concentration of the human OX40 agonist antibody is between
about any of 10 mg/mL to 50 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL to 75 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL
to 75 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL to 100 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL to 75 mg/mL, and/or 75
mg/mL to 100 mg/mL. In some embodiments, the concentration of the
human OX40 agonist antibody is greater than about any of 20 mg/mL,
30 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL, 70 mg/mL, or 100 mg/mL.
[0409] The pharmaceutical formulation preferably comprises a
polysorbate. The polysorbate is generally included in an amount
which reduces aggregate formation (such as that which occurs upon
shaking or shipping). Examples of polysorbate include, but are not
limited to, polysorbate 20 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan
monolaurate), polysorbate 40 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan
monopalmitate), polysorbate 60 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan
monostearate), and/or polysorbate 80 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan
monooleate). In some embodiments, the polysorbate is polysorbate 20
(polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate). In some embodiments of
any of the pharmaceutical formulations described herein, the
polysorbate concentration is sufficient to minimize aggregation
and/or maintain stability upon long term storage and/or during
administration (e.g., after dilution in an IV bag). In some
embodiments, the polysorbate concentration is about 0.005% w/v,
about 0.02% w/v, about 0.04% w/v and less than about 0.1% w/v. In
some embodiments, the polysorbate concentration is greater than
0.01% w/v and less than about 0.1% w/v. In some embodiments, the
polysorbate concentration is about any of 0.005% w/v, about 0.02%
w/v, 0.03% w/v, 0.04% w/v, or 0.05% w/v. In some embodiments, the
polysorbate is present at a concentration of about 0.04% w/v. In
some embodiments, the polysorbate is present at a concentration of
about 0.02% w/v.
[0410] The pharmaceutical formulation preferably comprises a
saccharide. Saccharides include monosaccharides, disaccharides,
trisaccharides, polysaccharides, sugar alcohols, reducing sugars,
nonreducing sugars, etc. Further examples of saccharides include,
but are not limited to, glucose, sucrose, trehalose, lactose,
fructose, maltose, dextran, glycerin, dextran, erythritol,
glycerol, arabitol, sylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, mellibiose,
melezitose, raffinose, mannotriose, stachyose, maltose, lactulose,
maltulose, glucitol, maltitol, lactitol, iso-maltulose, etc. In
some embodiments, the saccharide is a disaccharide. In some
embodiments, the saccharide is a nonreducing disaccharide. In some
embodiments, the saccharide is trehalose.
[0411] The saccharide is generally included in an amount which
reduces aggregate formation. In some embodiments of any of the
pharmaceutical formulations described herein, the saccharide is
present at a concentration of between about any of 50 mM to 250 mM,
75 mM to 200 mM, 75 mM to 150 mM, 100 mM to 150 mM, or 110 mM to
130 mM, or 100 mM to 320 mM, or 240 mM to 320 mM, or 240 mM to 400
mM. In some embodiments, the saccharide is present at a
concentration greater than about any of 50 mM, 75 mM, 100 mM, 110
mM, or 115 mM. In some embodiments, the saccharide is present at a
concentration of about any of 100 mM, 110 mM, 120 mM, 130 mM, or
140 mM. In some embodiments, the saccharide is present at a
concentration of about 120 mM. In some embodiments of any of the
formulations, the saccharide is present at a concentration of about
75 mM to about 360 mM (e.g., about 100 mM, about 120 mM, about 240
mM, about 320 mM to about 360 mM). In some embodiments, the
saccharide is present at a concentration of about 240 mM. In some
embodiments, the saccharide is present at a concentration of about
320 mM.
[0412] The pharmaceutical formulation preferably comprises a
histidine buffer. Examples of histidine buffers include, but are
not limited to, histidine chloride, histidine succinate, histidine
acetate, histidine phosphate, histidine sulfate. In some
embodiments, the histidine buffer is histidine acetate. In some
embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical formulations described
herein, the histidine buffer concentration is between about any of
1 mM to 50 mM, 1 mM to 35 mM, 1 mM to 25 mM, 1 mM to 20 mM, 7.5 mM
to 12.5 mM, or 5 mM to 15 mM, 20 mM to 30 mM, 25 mM to 35 mM. In
some embodiments, the histidine buffer concentration is about any
of 5 mM, 7.5 mM, 10 mM, 12.5 mM, 15 mM, 20 mM, 25 mM, 30 mM, 35 mM
or 40 mM. In some embodiments, the histidine buffer concentration
is about 10 mM. In some embodiments, the histidine buffer
concentration is about 20 mM. In some embodiments, the histidine
buffer concentration is about 30 mM. In some embodiments, the
histidine buffer concentration is about 40 mM. In some embodiments
of any of the pharmaceutical formulations described herein, the
histidine buffer is at a pH of between pH 5.0 and 6.0, for example,
about any of pH 5.0, pH 5.1, pH 5.2, pH 5.3, pH 5.4, pH 5.5, pH
5.6, pH 5.7, pH 5.8, pH 5.9 or pH 6.0. In some embodiments, the pH
is between pH 4.9 to pH 6.3.
[0413] The pharmaceutical formulation herein may also contain more
than one active compound as necessary for the particular indication
being treated, preferably those with complementary activities that
do not adversely affect each other. Such molecules are suitably
present in combination in amounts that are effective for the
purpose intended.
[0414] Further, provided herein are vials and methods of filing a
vial comprising a pharmaceutical formulation described herein. In
some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation is provided inside
a vial with a stopper pierceable by a syringe, preferably in
aqueous form. The vial is desirably stored at about 2-8.degree. C.
as well as up to 30.degree. C. for 24 hours until it is
administered to a subject in need thereof. The vial may for example
be a 15 cc vial (for example for a 200 mg dose).
[0415] The pharmaceutical formulation for administration is
preferably a liquid formulation (not lyophilized) and has not been
subjected to prior lyophilization. While the pharmaceutical
formulation may be lyophilized, preferably it is not. In some
embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical formulations, the
pharmaceutical formulation, the pharmaceutical formulation is a
lyophilized pharmaceutical formulation. In some embodiments, the
pharmaceutical formulation is a liquid formulation. In some
embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation does not contain a
tonicifying amount of a salt such as sodium chloride. In some
embodiments of any of the pharmaceutical formulations, the
pharmaceutical formulation is diluted.
[0416] Exemplary lyophilized antibody formulations are described in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,267,958. Aqueous antibody formulations include
those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,171,586 and WO2006/044908, the
latter formulations including a histidine-acetate buffer.
[0417] The formulation herein may also contain more than one active
ingredients as necessary for the particular indication being
treated, preferably those with complementary activities that do not
adversely affect each other. For example, it may be desirable to
further provide an additional medicament (examples of which are
provided herein). Such active ingredients are suitably present in
combination in amounts that are effective for the purpose
intended.
[0418] Active ingredients may be entrapped in microcapsules
prepared, for example, by coacervation techniques or by interfacial
polymerization, for example, hydroxymethylcellulose or
gelatin-microcapsules and poly-(methylmethacylate) microcapsules,
respectively, in colloidal drug delivery systems (for example,
liposomes, albumin microspheres, microemulsions, nano-particles and
nanocapsules) or in macroemulsions. Such techniques are disclosed
in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences 16th edition, Osol, A. Ed.
(1980).
[0419] Sustained-release preparations may be prepared. Suitable
examples of sustained-release preparations include semipermeable
matrices of solid hydrophobic polymers containing the antibody,
which matrices are in the form of shaped articles, e.g. films, or
microcapsules.
[0420] The formulations to be used for in vivo administration are
generally sterile. Sterility may be readily accomplished, e.g., by
filtration through sterile filtration membranes.
[0421] In one aspect, an OX40 binding agonist (e.g., an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody) and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., an
anti-VEGF antibody) for use as a medicament is provided. In some
embodiments, an anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., an anti-VEGF
antibody) for use as a medicament is provided for treating or
delaying progression of cancer in an individual, where the
medicament comprises the anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and where the treatment
comprises administration of the medicament in combination with a
composition comprising an OX40 binding agonist and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In other embodiments, an OX40
binding agonist (e.g., an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody) for use
as a medicament is provided for treating or delaying progression of
cancer in an individual, where the medicament comprises the
anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier, and where the treatment comprises administration of the
medicament in combination with a composition comprising an
anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier. In some embodiments, the method further comprises
administering to the individual an effective amount of at least one
additional therapeutic agent, e.g., as described below.
[0422] In one aspect that may be combined with an anti-angiogenesis
agent as described herein, provided is an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody for use in enhancing immune function (e.g., by
upregulating cell-mediated immune responses) in an individual
having cancer comprising administering to the individual an
effective amount of the anti-human agonist OX40 antibody. In one
aspect, provided is an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody for use in
enhancing T cell function in an individual having cancer comprising
administering to the individual an effective amount of the
anti-human agonist OX40 antibody. In one aspect, provided are an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody for use in depleting human
OX40-expressing cells (e.g., OX40 expressing T cells, e.g., OX40
expressing Treg) comprising administering to the individual an
effective amount of the anti-human agonist OX40 antibody. In some
embodiments, depletion is by ADCC. In some embodiments, depletion
is by phagocytosis. Provided is an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
for treating an individual having tumor immunity.
[0423] In a further aspect, the invention provides for the use of
an anti-OX40 antibody in the manufacture or preparation of a
medicament. In a further aspect, the invention provides for the use
of an anti-VEGF antibody in the manufacture or preparation of a
medicament. In one embodiment, the medicament is for treatment of
cancer. In a further embodiment, the medicament is for use in a
method of treating cancer comprising administering to an individual
having cancer an effective amount of the medicament. In one such
embodiment, the method further comprises administering to the
individual an effective amount of at least one additional
therapeutic agent, e.g., as described below.
[0424] In one aspect, the medicament is for use in enhancing immune
function (e.g., by upregulating cell-mediated immune responses) in
an individual having cancer comprising administering to the
individual an effective amount of the medicament. In one aspect,
the medicament is for use in enhancing T cell function in an
individual having cancer comprising administering to the individual
an effective amount of the medicament. In some embodiments, the T
cell dysfunctional disorder is cancer. In one aspect, the
medicament is for use in depleting human OX40-expressing cells
(e.g., cell expressing high OX40, e.g., OX40 expressing T cells)
comprising administering to the individual an effective amount of
the medicament. In some embodiments, depletion is by ADCC. In some
embodiments, depletion is by phagocytosis. In one aspect, the
medicament is for treating an individual having tumor immunity.
[0425] In a further aspect, the invention provides pharmaceutical
formulations comprising any of the OX40 binding agonists (e.g.,
anti-OX40 antibodies) and/or anti-angiogenesis agents (e.g.,
anti-VEGF antibodies) provided herein, e.g., for use in any of the
above therapeutic methods. In one embodiment, a pharmaceutical
formulation comprises any of the anti-OX40 antibodies and/or
anti-angiogenesis agents (e.g., anti-VEGF antibodies) provided
herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In another
embodiment, a pharmaceutical formulation comprises any of the
anti-OX40 antibodies provided herein and/or anti-angiogenesis
agents (e.g., anti-VEGF antibodies) and at least one additional
therapeutic agent, e.g., as described below.
[0426] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies inhibits tumor immunity by
inhibiting Treg function (e.g., inhibiting the suppressive function
of Tregs), killing OX40 expressing cells (e.g., cells that express
high levels of OX40), increasing effector T cell function and/or
increasing memory T cell function. In some embodiments of any of
the methods of the invention, the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibodies treat cancer by inhibiting Treg function (e.g.,
inhibiting the suppressive function of Tregs), killing OX40
expressing cells (e.g., cells that express high levels of OX40),
increasing effector T cell function and/or increasing memory T cell
function. In some embodiments of any of the methods of the
invention, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies enhance immune
function by inhibiting Treg function (e.g., inhibiting the
suppressive function of Tregs), killing OX40 expressing cells
(e.g., cells that express high levels of OX40), increasing effector
T cell function and/or increasing memory T cell function. In some
embodiments of any of the methods of the invention, the anti-human
OX40 agonist antibodies enhance T cell function by inhibiting Treg
function (e.g., inhibiting the suppressive function of Tregs),
killing OX40 expressing cells (e.g., cells that express high levels
of OX40), increasing effector T cell function and/or increasing
memory T cell function.
[0427] In some embodiments of any of the methods, the anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody is a depleting anti-human agonist antibody.
In some embodiments, treatment with the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody results in cell depletion (e.g., depletion of
OX40-expressing cells, e.g., depletion of cells that express high
levels of OX40). In some embodiments, depletion is by ADCC. In some
embodiments, depletion is by phagocytosis.
[0428] In some embodiments of any of the methods, the anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody inhibits Treg function, e.g., by inhibiting
Treg suppression of effector and/or memory T cell function (in some
embodiments, effector T cell and/or memory T cell proliferation
and/or cytokine secretion), relative to Treg function prior to
administration of the OX40 agonist antibody. In some embodiments of
any of the methods, the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody increases
effector T cell proliferation, relative to effector T cell
proliferation prior to administration of the OX40 agonist antibody.
In some embodiments of any of the methods, the anti-human OX40
agonist antibody increases memory T cell proliferation, relative to
memory T cell proliferation prior to administration of the OX40
agonist antibody. In some embodiments of any of the methods, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody increases effector T cell cytokine
production (e.g., gamma interferon production), relative to
effector T cell cytokine production prior to administration of the
OX40 agonist antibody. In some embodiments of any of the methods,
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody increases memory T cell
cytokine production (e.g., gamma interferon production), relative
to memory T cell cytokine production prior to administration of the
OX40 agonist antibody. In some embodiments of any of the methods,
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody increases CD4+ effector T cell
proliferation and/or CD8+ effector T cell proliferation relative to
CD4+ effector T cell proliferation and/or CD8+ effector T cell
proliferation prior to administration of the OX40 agonist antibody.
In some embodiments of any of the methods, the anti-human OX40
agonist antibody increases memory T cell proliferation (e.g., CD4+
memory T cell proliferation), relative to memory T cell
proliferation prior to administration of the OX40 agonist antibody.
In some embodiments, the CD4+ effector T cells in the individual
have enhanced proliferation, cytokine secretion and/or cytolytic
activity relative to proliferation, cytokine secretion and/or
cytolytic activity prior to the administration of the anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody.
[0429] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the number of CD4+ effector T cells is elevated relative to prior
to administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some
embodiments, CD4+ effector T cell cytokine secretion is elevated
relative to prior to administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody. In some embodiments of any of the methods, the CD8+
effector T cells in the individual have enhanced proliferation,
cytokine secretion and/or cytolytic activity relative to prior to
the administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some
embodiments, the number of CD8+ effector T cells is elevated
relative to prior to administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody. In some embodiments, CD8+ effector T cell cytokine
secretion is elevated relative to prior to administration of the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody.
[0430] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody binds human effector cells,
e.g., binds Fc.gamma.R expressed by human effector cells. In some
embodiments, the human effector cell performs ADCC effector
function. In some embodiments, the human effector cell performs
phagocytosis effector function.
[0431] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising a variant IgG1 Fc
polypeptide comprising a mutation that eliminates binding to human
effector cells (e.g., a DANA or N297G mutation) has diminished
activity (e.g., CD4+ effector T cell function, e.g.,
proliferation), relative to anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
comprising native sequence IgG1 Fc portion. In some embodiment, the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody comprising a variant IgG1 Fc
polypeptide comprising a mutation that eliminates binding to human
effector cells (e.g., a DANA or N297G mutation) does not possess
substantial activity (e.g., CD4+ effector T cell function, e.g.,
proliferation).
[0432] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
antibody cross-linking is required for anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody function. In some embodiments, function is stimulation of
CD4+ effector T cell proliferation. In some embodiments, antibody
cross-linking is determined by providing anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody adhered on a solid surface (e.g., a cell culture plate).
In some embodiments, antibody cross-linking is determined by
introducing a mutation in the antibody's IgG1 Fc portion (e.g., a
DANA or N297S mutation) and testing function of the mutant
antibody.
[0433] In some embodiments of any of the methods, the memory T
cells in the individual have enhanced proliferation and/or cytokine
secretion relative to prior to the administration of the anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody. In some embodiments, the number of memory T
cells is elevated relative to prior to administration of the
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some embodiments, memory T
cell cytokine secretion (level) is elevated relative to prior to
administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some
embodiments of any of the methods, the Treg in the individual have
decreased inhibition of effector T cell function (e.g.,
proliferation and/or cytokine secretion) relative to prior to the
administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some
embodiments, the number of effector T cells is elevated relative to
prior to administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In
some embodiments, effector T cell cytokine secretion (level) is
elevated relative to prior to administration of the anti-human OX40
agonist antibody.
[0434] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the number of intratumoral (infiltrating) CD4+ effector T cells
(e.g., total number of CD4+ effector T cells, or e.g., percentage
of CD4+ cells in CD45+ cells) is elevated relative to prior to
administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some
embodiments of any of the methods of the invention, number of
intratumoral (infiltrating) CD4+ effector T cells that express
gamma interferon (e.g., total gamma interferon expressing CD4+
cells, or e.g., percentage of gamma interferon expressing CD4+
cells in total CD4+ cells) is elevated relative to prior to
administration anti-human OX40 agonist antibody.
[0435] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the number of intratumoral (infiltrating) CD8+ effector T cells
(e.g., total number of CD8+ effector T cells, or e.g., percentage
of CD8+ in CD45+ cells) is elevated relative to prior to
administration of anti-human OX40 agonist antibody. In some
embodiments of any of the methods of the invention, number of
intratumoral (infiltrating) CD8+ effector T cells that express
gamma interferon (e.g., percentage of CD8+ cells that express gamma
interferon in total CD8+ cells) is increased relative to prior to
administration of anti-human OX40 agonist antibody.
[0436] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the number of intratumoral (infiltrating) Treg (e.g., total number
of Treg or e.g., percentage of Fox3p+ cells in CD4+ cells) is
reduced relative to prior to administration of anti-human OX40
agonist antibody.
[0437] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
administration of anti-human OX40 agonist antibody is in
combination with administration of a tumor antigen. In some
embodiments, the tumor antigen comprises protein. In some
embodiments, the tumor antigen comprises nucleic acid. In some
embodiments, the tumor antigen is a tumor cell.
[0438] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the cancer displays human effector cells (e.g., is infiltrated by
human effector cells). Methods for detecting human effector cells
are well known in the art, including, e.g., by IHC. In some
embodiments, the cancer display high levels of human effector
cells. In some embodiments, human effector cells are one or more of
NK cells, macrophages, monocytes. In some embodiments, the cancer
is any cancer described herein.
[0439] In some embodiments of any of the methods of the invention,
the cancer displays cells expressing FcR (e.g., is infiltrated by
cells expressing FcR). Methods for detecting FcR are well known in
the art, including, e.g., by IHC. In some embodiments, the cancer
display high levels of cells expressing FcR. In some embodiments,
FcR is Fc.gamma.R. In some embodiments, FcR is activating
Fc.gamma.R.
[0440] An "individual" according to any of the above embodiments is
preferably a human.
[0441] Antibodies of the invention can be used either alone or in
combination with other agents in a therapy. For instance, a
combination therapy of the invention (e.g., including an OX40
binding agonist and an anti-angiogenesis agent) may be
co-administered with at least one additional therapeutic agent.
[0442] Such combination therapies noted above encompass combined
administration (where two or more therapeutic agents are included
in the same or separate formulations), and separate administration,
in which case, administration of the antibody of the invention can
occur prior to, simultaneously, and/or following, administration of
the additional therapeutic agent or agents. In one embodiment,
administration of the anti-OX40 antibody and anti-angiogenesis
agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibodies) and administration of an
additional therapeutic agent occur within about one month, or
within about one, two or three weeks, or within about one, two,
three, four, five, or six days, of each other. Antibodies of the
invention can also be used in combination with radiation
therapy.
[0443] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a chemotherapy or chemotherapeutic
agent. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody may
be administered in conjunction with a radiation therapy or
radiotherapeutic agent. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody may be administered in conjunction with a targeted
therapy or targeted therapeutic agent. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody may be administered in conjunction
with an immunotherapy or immunotherapeutic agent, for example a
monoclonal antibody.
[0444] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a PARP inhibitor (e.g.,
Olaparanib, Rucaparib, Niraparib, Cediranib, BMN673, Veliparib),
Trabectedin, nab-paclitaxel (albumen-bound paclitaxel, ABRAXANE),
Trebananib, Pazopanib, Cediranib, Palbociclib, everolimus,
fluoropyrimidine (e.g., FOLFOX, FOLFIRI), IFL, regorafenib,
Reolysin, Alimta, Zykadia, Sutent, Torisel (temsirolimus), Inlyta
(axitinib, Pfizer), Afinitor (everolimus, Novartis), Nexavar
(sorafenib, Onyx/Bayer), Votrient, Pazopanib, axitinib, IMA-901,
AGS-003, cabozantinib, Vinflunine, Hsp90 inhibitor (e.g.,
apatorsin), Ad-GM-CSF (CT-0070), Temazolomide, IL-2, IFNa,
vinblastine, Thalomid, dacarbazine, cyclophosphamide, lenalidomide,
azacytidine, lenalidomide, bortezomid (VELCADE), amrubicine,
carfilzomib, pralatrexate, and/or enzastaurin.
[0445] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a PD-1 axis binding antagonist. A
PD-1 axis binding antagonist includes but is not limited to a PD-1
binding antagonist, a PD-L binding antagonist and a PD-L2 binding
antagonist. Alternative names for "PD-1" include CD279 and SLEB2.
Alternative names for "PD-L" include B7-H1, B7-4, CD274, and B7-H.
Alternative names for "PD-L2" include B7-DC, Btdc, and CD273. In
some embodiments, PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 are human PD-1, PD-L1 and
PD-L2. In some embodiments, the PD-1 binding antagonist is a
molecule that inhibits the binding of PD-1 to its ligand binding
partners. In a specific aspect the PD-1 ligand binding partners are
PD-L1 and/or PD-L2. In another embodiment, a PD-L1 binding
antagonist is a molecule that inhibits the binding of PD-L1 to its
binding partners. In a specific aspect, PD-L1 binding partners are
PD-1 and/or B7-1. In another embodiment, the PD-L2 binding
antagonist is a molecule that inhibits the binding of PD-L2 to its
binding partners. In a specific aspect, a PD-L2 binding partner is
PD-1. The antagonist may be an antibody, an antigen binding
fragment thereof, an immunoadhesin, a fusion protein, or
oligopeptide. In some embodiments, the PD-1 binding antagonist is
an anti-PD-1 antibody (e.g., a human antibody, a humanized
antibody, or a chimeric antibody). In some embodiments, the
anti-PD-1 antibody is selected from the group consisting of
MDX-1106 (nivolumab, OPDIVO), Merck 3475 (MK-3475, pembrolizumab,
KEYTRUDA) and CT-011 (Pidilizumab). In some embodiments, the PD-1
binding antagonist is an immunoadhesin (e.g., an immunoadhesin
comprising an extracellular or PD-1 binding portion of PD-L1 or
PD-L2 fused to a constant region (e.g., an Fc region of an
immunoglobulin sequence). In some embodiments, the PD-1 binding
antagonist is AMP-224. In some embodiments, the PD-L1 binding
antagonist is anti-PD-L1 antibody. In some embodiments, the
anti-PD-L1 binding antagonist is selected from the group consisting
of YW243.55.S70, MPDL3280A, MEDI4736 and MDX-1105. MDX-1105, also
known as BMS-936559, is an anti-PD-L1 antibody described in
WO2007/005874. Antibody YW243.55.S70 (heavy and light chain
variable region sequences shown in SEQ ID Nos. 20 and 21,
respectively) is an anti-PD-L1 described in WO 2010/077634 A1.
MDX-1106, also known as MDX-1106-04, ONO-4538, BMS-936558 or
nivolumab, is an anti-PD-1 antibody described in WO2006/121168.
Merck 3475, also known as MK-3475, SCH-900475 or pembrolizumab, is
an anti-PD-1 antibody described in WO2009/114335. CT-011, also
known as hBAT, hBAT-1 or pidilizumab, is an anti-PD-1 antibody
described in WO2009/101611. AMP-224, also known as B7-DCIg, is a
PD-L2-Fc fusion soluble receptor described in WO2010/027827 and
WO201 1/066342. In some embodiments, the anti-PD-1 antibody is
MDX-1106. Alternative names for "MDX-1106" include MDX-1 106-04,
ONO-4538, BMS-936558 or nivolumab. In some embodiments, the
anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab (CAS Registry Number:
946414-94-4).
[0446] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against an
activating co-stimulatory molecule. In some embodiments, an
activating co-stimulatory molecule may include CD40, CD226, CD28,
GITR, CD137, CD27, HVEM, or CD127. In some embodiments, the agonist
directed against an activating co-stimulatory molecule is an
agonist antibody that binds to CD40, CD226, CD28, OX40, GITR,
CD137, CD27, HVEM, or CD127. In some embodiments, an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g.,
anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with an
antagonist directed against an inhibitory co-stimulatory molecule.
In some embodiments, an inhibitory co-stimulatory molecule may
include CTLA-4 (also known as CD152), PD-1, TIM-3, BTLA, VISTA,
LAG-3, B7-H3, B7-H4, IDO, TIGIT, MICA/B, or arginase. In some
embodiments, the antagonist directed against an inhibitory
co-stimulatory molecule is an antagonist antibody that binds to
CTLA-4, PD-1, TIM-3, BTLA, VISTA, LAG-3 (e.g., LAG-3-IgG fusion
protein (IMP321)), B7-H3, B7-H4, IDO, TIGIT, MICA/B, or
arginase.
[0447] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antagonist directed against
CTLA-4 (also known as CD152), e.g., a blocking antibody. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with ipilimumab (also known as MDX-010,
MDX-101, or Yervoy.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with tremelimumab
(also known as ticilimumab or CP-675,206). In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an antagonist directed against B7-H3 (also known as CD276), e.g., a
blocking antibody. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with MGA271. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antagonist directed against a
TGF beta, e.g., metelimumab (also known as CAT-192), fresolimumab
(also known as GC1008), or LY2157299.
[0448] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment comprising adoptive
transfer of a T cell (e.g., a cytotoxic T cell or CTL) expressing a
chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). In some embodiments, an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g.,
anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
UCART19. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with WT128z. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
KTE-C19 (Kite). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with CTLO19 (Novartis). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment comprising adoptive
transfer of a T cell comprising a dominant-negative TGF beta
receptor, e.g, a dominant-negative TGF beta type II receptor. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment comprising a HERCREEM
protocol (see, e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier
NCT00889954).
[0449] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antagonist directed against
CDI9. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with MOR00208. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an antagonist directed against CD38. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
daratumumab.
[0450] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against CD137
(also known as TNFRSF9, 4-1BB, or ILA), e.g., an activating
antibody. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with urelumab (also known as
BMS-663513). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against
CD40, e.g., an activating antibody. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
CP-870893. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against OX40
(also known as CD134), e.g., an activating antibody. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a different anti-OX40 antibody
(e.g., AgonOX). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against
CD27, e.g., an activating antibody. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
CDX-1127. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antagonist directed against
indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). In some embodiments, with the
IDO antagonist is 1-methyl-D-tryptophan (also known as 1-D-MT).
[0451] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against CD137
(also known as TNFRSF9, 4-1BB, or ILA), e.g., an activating
antibody. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with urelumab (also known as
BMS-663513). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against
CD40, e.g., an activating antibody. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
CP-870893 or R07009789. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with an agonist
directed against OX40 (also known as CD134), e.g., an activating
antibody.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with an agonist directed against
CD27, e.g., an activating antibody. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
CDX-1127 (also known as varlilumab). In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an antagonist directed against indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO).
In some embodiments, with the IDO antagonist is
1-methyl-D-tryptophan (also known as 1-D-MT). In some embodiments,
the IDO antagonist is an IDO antagonist shown in WO2010/005958 (the
contents of which are expressly incorporated by record herein). In
some embodiments the IDO antagonist is
4-({2-[(Aminosulfonyl)amino]ethyl}amino)-N-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N'-hy-
droxy-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide (e.g., as described in
Example 23 of WO2010/005958). In some embodiments the IDO
antagonist is
##STR00001##
In some embodiments, the IDO antagonist is INCB24360. In some
embodiments, the IDO antagonist is Indoximod (the D isomer of
1-methyl-tryptophan). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with an antibody-drug
conjugate. In some embodiments, the antibody-drug conjugate
comprises mertansine or monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an anti-NaPi2b antibody-MMAE
conjugate (also known as DNIB0600A, RG7599 or lifastuzumab
vedotin). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with trastuzumab emtansine (also known
as T-DMI, ado-trastuzumab emtansine, or KADCYLA.RTM., Genentech).
In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an anti-MUC16 antibody-MMAE
conjugate, DMUC5754A. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with an anti-MUC16
antibody-MMAE conjugate, DMUC4064A. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an antibody-drug conjugate targeting the endothelin B receptor
(EDNBR), e.g., an antibody directed against EDNBR conjugated with
MMAE. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antibody-drug conjugate
targeting the lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E (Ly6E), e.g.,
an antibody directed against Ly6E conjugated with MMAE, (also known
as DLYE5953A). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with polatuzumab vedotin. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antibody-drug conjugate
targeting CD30. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with ADCETRIS (also known as
brentuximab vedotin). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with polatuzumab
vedotin.
[0452] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an angiogenesis inhibitor. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antibody directed against a
VEGF, e.g., VEGF-A. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with bevacizumab (also known as
AVASTIN.RTM., Genentech). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with an antibody
directed against angiopoietin 2 (also known as Ang2). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with MEDI3617. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an antibody directed against VEGFR2. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
ramucirumab. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with a VEGF Receptor fusion
protein. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with aflibercept. In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
ziv-aflibercept (also known as VEGF Trap or Zaltrap.RTM.). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a bispecific antibody directed
against VEGF and Ang2. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with RG7221 (also
known as vanucizumab). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with an angiogenesis
inhibitor and in conjunction with a PD-1 axis binding antagonist
(e.g., a PD-1 binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-1 antibody, a
PD-L binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L1 antibody, and a PD-L2
binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L2 antibody). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with bevacizumab and a PD-1 axis
binding antagonist (e.g., a PD-1 binding antagonist such as an
anti-PD-1 antibody, a PD-L binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L1
antibody, and a PD-L2 binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L2
antibody). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with bevacizumab and MDX-1106
(nivolumab, OPDIVO). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with bevacizumab and
Merck 3475 (MK-3475, pembrolizumab, KEYTRUDA). In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
bevacizumab and CT-011 (Pidilizumab). In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
bevacizumab and YW243.55.S70. In some embodiments, an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g.,
anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
bevacizumab and MPDL3280A. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with bevacizumab and
MEDI4736. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with bevacizumab and MDX-1105.
[0453] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antineoplastic agent. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an agent targeting CSF-1R (also
known as M-CSFR or CD115). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with anti-CSF-1R
antibody (also known as IMC-CS4 or LY3022855) In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
anti-CSF-1R antibody, RG7155 (also known as R05509554 or
emactuzumab). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with an interferon, for example
interferon alpha or interferon gamma. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
Roferon-A (also known as recombinant Interferon alpha-2a). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with GM-CSF (also known as recombinant
human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, rhu GM-CSF,
sargramostim, or Leukine.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g.,
anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with IL-2
(also known as aldesleukin or Proleukin.RTM.). In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
IL-12. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with IL27. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
IL-15. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with ALT-803. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an antibody targeting CD20. In some embodiments, the antibody
targeting CD20 is obinutuzumab (also known as GAI01 or Gazyva.RTM.)
or rituximab. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with an antibody targeting GITR.
In some embodiments, the antibody targeting GITR is TRX518. In some
embodiments, the antibody targeting GITR is MK04166 (Merck).
[0454] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine
kinase (BTK). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with ibrutinib. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of Isocitrate
dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and/or Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2). In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with AG-120 (Agios).
[0455] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with obinutuzumab and a PD-1 axis
binding antagonist (e.g., a PD-1 binding antagonist such as an
anti-PD-1 antibody, a PD-L binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L1
antibody, and a PD-L2 binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L2
antibody).
[0456] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a cancer vaccine. In some
embodiments, the cancer vaccine is a peptide cancer vaccine, which
in some embodiments is a personalized peptide vaccine. In some
embodiments the peptide cancer vaccine is a multivalent long
peptide, a multi-peptide, a peptide cocktail, a hybrid peptide, or
a peptide-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine (see, e.g., Yamada et al.,
Cancer Sci, 104:14-21, 2013). In some embodiments, an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g.,
anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with an
adjuvant. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment comprising a TLR
agonist, e.g., Poly-ICLC (also known as Hiltonol.RTM.), LPS, MPL,
or CpG ODN. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
alpha. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with IL-1. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
HMGB1. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an IL-10 antagonist. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an IL-4 antagonist. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an IL-13 antagonist. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an IL-17 antagonist. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an HVEM antagonist. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an ICOS agonist, e.g., by
administration of ICOS-L, or an agonistic antibody directed against
ICOS. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment targeting CX3CLI. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment targeting CXCL9. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment targeting CXCL10. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a treatment targeting CCL5. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an LFA-1 or ICAMI agonist. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a Selectin agonist.
[0457] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of B-Raf. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with vemurafenib (also known as
Zelboraf.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with dabrafenib (also known as
Tafinlar.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with encorafenib (LGX818).
[0458] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an EGFR inhibitor. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with erlotinib (also known as
Tarceva.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of EGFR-T790M.
In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with gefitinib. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
afatinib. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with cetuximab (also known as
Erbitux.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with panitumumab (also known as
Vectibix.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with rociletinib. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with AZD9291. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an inhibitor of a MEK, such as MEK1 (also known as MAP2K1) and/or
MEK2 (also known as MAP2K2). In some embodiments, an anti-human
OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g.,
anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
cobimetinib (also known as GDC-0973 or XL-518). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with trametinib (also known as
Mekinist.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with binimetinib.
[0459] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction an inhibitor of B-Raf (e.g.,
vemurafenib or dabrafenib) and an inhibitor of MEK (e.g., MEK1
and/or MEK2 (e.g., cobimetinib or trametinib). In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an inhibitor of ERK (e.g., ERK1/2). In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
GDC-0994). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of B-Raf, an
inhibitor of MEK, and an inhibitor of ERK1/2. In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an inhibitor of EGFR, an inhibitor of MEK, and an inhibitor of
ERK1/2. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with one or more MAP kinase pathway
inhibitor. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with CK127. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an inhibitor of K-Ras.
[0460] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of c-Met. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with onartuzumab (also known as
MetMAb). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of anaplatic lymphoma
kinase (ALK). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with AF802 (also known as
CH5424802 or alectinib). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with crizotinib. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with ceritinib. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an inhibitor of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjuction with buparlisib (BKM-120). In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with pictilisib (also known as
GDC-0941). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with buparlisib (also known as
BKM-120). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with perifosine (also known as
KRX-0401). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a delta-selective inhibitor of a
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
idelalisib (also known as GS-1101 or CAL-101). In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
taselisib (also known as GDC-0032). In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
BYL-719. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of an Akt. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with MK2206. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
GSK690693. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with ipatasertib (also known as
GDC-0068). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of mTOR. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with sirolimus (also known as
rapamycin). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with temsirolimus (also known as
CCI-779 or Torisel.RTM.). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with everolimus (also
known as RAD001). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with ridaforolimus (also known
as AP-23573, MK-8669, or deforolimus). In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
OSI-027. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with AZD8055. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
INK128. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with XL765. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
GDC-0980. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with BEZ235 (also known as NVP-BEZ235).
In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with BGT226. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
GSK2126458. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with PF-04691502. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with PF-05212384 (also known as
PKI-587).
[0461] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an agent that selectively degrades
the estrogen receptor. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with GDC-0927. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of HER3. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with duligotuzumab. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of LSDI. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of MDM2. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of BCL2. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with venetoclax. In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an inhibitor of CHK1. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with GDC-0575. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an inhibitor of activated hedgehog
signaling pathway. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody)
may be administered in conjunction with ERIVEDGE.
[0462] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with radiation therapy. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with gemcitabine. In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
nab-paclitaxel (ABRAXANE). In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF
antibody) may be administered in conjunction with trastuzumab. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with TVEC. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
IL27. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with cyclophosphamide. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an agent that recruits T cells to
the tumor. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with lirilumab (IPH2102/BMS-986015). In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with Idelalisib. In some embodiments,
an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
an antibody that targets CD3 and CD20. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
REGN1979. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an antibody that targets CD3 and
CD19. In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with blinatumomab.
[0463] In some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody
and/or anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with an oncolytic virus. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with carboplatin and nab-paclitaxel. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with carboplatin and paclitaxel. In
some embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with cisplatin and pemetrexed. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with cisplatin and gemcitabine. In some
embodiments, an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be
administered in conjunction with FOLFOX. In some embodiments, an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent
(e.g., anti-VEGF antibody) may be administered in conjunction with
FOLFIRI.
[0464] Such combination therapies noted above encompass combined
administration (where two or more therapeutic agents are included
in the same or separate formulations), and separate administration,
in which case, administration of the anti-human OX40 agonist
antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent can occur prior to,
simultaneously, and/or following, administration of the additional
therapeutic agent and/or adjuvant. Anti-human OX40 agonist
antibodies and/or anti-angiogenesis agents can also be used in
combination with radiation therapy.
[0465] An anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis
agent (and any additional therapeutic agent) can be administered by
any suitable means, including parenteral, intrapulmonary, and
intranasal, and, if desired for local treatment, intralesional
administration. Parenteral infusions include intramuscular,
intravenous, intraarterial, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous
administration. Dosing can be by any suitable route, e.g. by
injections, such as intravenous or subcutaneous injections,
depending in part on whether the administration is brief or
chronic. Various dosing schedules including but not limited to
single or multiple administrations over various time-points, bolus
administration, and pulse infusion are contemplated herein.
[0466] Anti-human OX40 agonist antibodies and anti-angiogenesis
agents would be formulated, dosed, and administered in a fashion
consistent with good medical practice. Factors for consideration in
this context include the particular disorder being treated, the
particular mammal being treated, the clinical condition of the
individual patient, the cause of the disorder, the site of delivery
of the agent, the method of administration, the scheduling of
administration, and other factors known to medical practitioners.
The antibody need not be, but is optionally formulated with one or
more agents currently used to prevent or treat the disorder in
question. The effective amount of such other agents depends on the
amount of antibody present in the formulation, the type of disorder
or treatment, and other factors discussed above. These are
generally used in the same dosages and with administration routes
as described herein, or about from 1 to 99% of the dosages
described herein, or in any dosage and by any route that is
empirically/clinically determined to be appropriate. Further,
exemplary dosages for an anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., an
anti-VEGF antibody) are provided below.
[0467] For the prevention or treatment of disease, the appropriate
dosage of an anti-human OX40 agonist antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent (when used alone or in combination with one
or more other additional therapeutic agents) will depend on the
type of disease to be treated, the type of antibody, the severity
and course of the disease, whether the antibody is administered for
preventive or therapeutic purposes, previous therapy, the patient's
clinical history and response to the antibody, and the discretion
of the attending physician. The antibody is suitably administered
to the patient at one time or over a series of treatments.
Depending on the type and severity of the disease, about 1 .mu.g/kg
to 40 mg/kg of antibody can be an initial candidate dosage for
administration to the patient, whether, for example, by one or more
separate administrations, or by continuous infusion. One typical
daily dosage might range from about 1 .mu.g/kg to 100 mg/kg or
more, depending on the factors mentioned above. For repeated
administrations over several days or longer, depending on the
condition, the treatment would generally be sustained until a
desired suppression of disease symptoms occurs. Such doses may be
administered intermittently, e.g. every week or every three weeks
(e.g. such that the patient receives from about two to about
twenty, or e.g. about six doses of the antibody). An initial higher
loading dose, followed by one or more lower doses may be
administered. However, other dosage regimens may be useful. The
progress of this therapy is easily monitored by conventional
techniques and assays.
[0468] It is understood that any of the above formulations or
therapeutic methods may be carried out using an immunoconjugate of
the invention in place of or in addition to an anti-human OX40
agonist antibody and/or anti-angiogenesis agent.
[0469] Exemplary doses for anti-VEGF antibodies are provided below.
It will be appreciated by one of skill in the art that these doses
are merely exemplary and are based on dosing of anti-VEGF antibody
alone. Dosing and/or administration practices described herein for
anti-VEGF antibody treatment alone may of course be modified when
combined with OX40 binding agonist treatment. In some embodiments,
the OX40 binding agonist is administered before the
anti-angiogenesis agent (e.g., anti-VEGF antibody), simultaneous
with the anti-angiogenesis agent, or after the anti-angiogenesis
agent.
[0470] For the prevention or treatment of cancer, the dose of VEGF
antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as bevacizumab),
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, and/or chemotherapeutic agent
will depend on the type of cancer to be treated, as defined above,
the severity and course of the cancer, whether the antibody is
administered for preventive or therapeutic purposes, previous
therapy, the patient's clinical history and response to the drug,
and the discretion of the attending physician. In one embodiment,
VEGF antagonist (e.g., bevacizumab) is administered at 5 mg/kg of
body weight given once every 2 weeks, 10 mg/kg of body weight given
once every 2 weeks, 7.5 mg/kg of body weight given once every 3
weeks, or 15 mg/kg of body weight given once every 3 weeks.
[0471] With respect to bevacizumab for the treatment of colorectal
cancer, the preferred dosages according to the EMEA are 5 mg/kg or
10 mg/kg of body weight given once every 2 weeks or 7.5 mg/kg or 15
mg/kg of body weight given once every 3 weeks. For the treatment of
NSCLC, the preferred dosage is 15 mg/kg given once every 3 weeks by
infusion in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. For the
treatment of renal cell carcinoma, the preferred dosage is 10 mg/kg
given once every 2 weeks by infusion with interferon .alpha.-2a or
as a monotherapy. For the treatment of cervical cancer, the
preferred dosage is 15 mg/kg given once every three weeks by
infusion and administered in combination with one of the following
chemotherapy regimens: paclitaxel and cisplatin or paclitaxel and
topotecan. For the treatment of glioblastoma, the preferred dosage
is 10 mg/kg given once every two weeks by infusion.
[0472] In one embodiment, a fixed dose of the VEGF antagonist is
administered. A "fixed" or "flat" dose of a therapeutic agent
herein refers to a dose that is administered to a human patient
without regard for the weight (WT) or body surface area (BSA) of
the patient. The fixed or flat dose is therefore not provided as a
mg/kg dose or a mg/m.sup.2 dose, but rather as an absolute amount
of the therapeutic agent. The fixed dose may suitably be
administered to the patient at one time or over a series of
treatments. Where a fixed dose is administered, preferably it is in
the range from about 20 mg to about 2000 mg of the inhibitor. For
example, the fixed dose may be approximately 420 mg, approximately
525 mg, approximately 840 mg, or approximately 1050 mg of the
inhibitor (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as bevacizumab). Where
a series of doses are administered, these may, for example, be
administered approximately every week, approximately every 2 weeks,
approximately every 3 weeks, or approximately every 4 weeks, but
preferably approximately every 3 weeks. The fixed doses may, for
example, continue to be administered until disease progression,
adverse event, or other time as determined by the physician. For
example, from about two, three, or four, up to about 17 or more
fixed doses may be administered.
[0473] Administration of an angiogenesis inhibitor, e.g., an
anti-VEGF antibody, such as bevacizumab, and/or a pharmaceutical
composition/treatment regimen comprising an angiogenesis inhibitor,
e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as bevacizumab, to a patient in
need of such treatment or medical intervention may be by any
suitable means known in the art for administration of a therapeutic
antibody. Nonlimiting routes of administration include by oral,
intravenous, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, topical,
intradermal, intranasal or intrabronchial administration (for
example as effected by inhalation). Particularly preferred in
context of this invention is parenteral administration, e.g.,
intravenous administration. Where a VEGF antagonist is administered
as a "single anti-tumor agent" it is the only anti-tumor agent
administered to treat the cancer, i.e., it is not administered in
combination with another anti-tumor agent, such as chemotherapy or
an OX40 binding agonist.
[0474] In one embodiment, one or more loading dose(s) of the VEGF
antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as bevacizumab) are
administered, followed by one or more maintenance dose(s). A
"loading" dose herein generally comprises an initial dose of a
therapeutic agent administered to a patient, and is followed by one
or more maintenance dose(s) thereof. Generally, a single loading
dose is administered, but multiple loading doses are contemplated
herein. Usually, the amount of loading dose(s) administered exceeds
the amount of the maintenance dose(s) administered and/or the
loading dose(s) are administered more frequently than the
maintenance dose(s), so as to achieve the desired steady-state
concentration of the therapeutic agent earlier than can be achieved
with the maintenance dose(s). A "maintenance" dose or "extended"
dose herein refers to one or more doses of a therapeutic agent
administered to the patient over a treatment period. Usually, the
maintenance doses are administered at spaced treatment intervals,
such as approximately every week, approximately every 2 weeks,
approximately every 3 weeks, or approximately every 4 weeks. In
another embodiment, a plurality of the same dose is administered to
the patient. According to one preferred embodiment of the
invention, a fixed dose of a VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF
antibody, such as bevacizumab) of approximately 840 mg (loading
dose) is administered, followed by one or more doses of
approximately 420 mg (maintenance dose(s)) of the antagonist. The
maintenance doses are preferably administered about every 3 weeks,
for a total of at least two doses, up to 17 or more doses.
[0475] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention,
one or more fixed dose(s) of approximately 1050 mg of the VEGF
antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as bevacizumab) are
administered, for example every 3 weeks. According to this
embodiment, one, two or more of the fixed doses are administered,
e.g., for up to one year (17 cycles), and longer as desired.
[0476] In another embodiment, a fixed dose of approximately 1050 mg
of the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) is administered as a loading dose, followed by one or
more maintenance dose(s) of approximately 525 mg. About one, two,
or more maintenance doses may be administered to the patient every
3 weeks according to this embodiment.
[0477] While the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such
as bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody or
chemotherapeutic agent may be administered in conjunction, the
patient is optionally treated with a combination of the inhibitor
(or chemotherapeutic agent), and one or more (additional)
chemotherapeutic agent(s). Exemplary chemotherapeutic agents herein
include: gemcitabine, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan,
fluoropyrimidine (e.g., 5-FU), paclitaxel (e.g., nab-paclitaxel),
docetaxel, topotecan, capecitabine, temozolomide, interferon-alpha,
and/or liposomal doxorubicin (e.g., pegylated liposomal
doxorubicin). In some embodiments, at least one of the
chemotherapeutic agents is carboplatin or paclitaxel. In some
embodiments, at least one of the chemotherapeutic agents is
carboplatin or gemcitabine. The combined administration includes
co-administration or concurrent administration, using separate
formulations or a single pharmaceutical formulation, and
consecutive administration in either order, wherein preferably
there is a time period while both (or all) active agents
simultaneously exert their biological activities. Thus, the
chemotherapeutic agent may be administered prior to, or following,
administration of the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody,
such as bevacizumab). In this embodiment, the timing between at
least one administration of the chemotherapeutic agent and at least
one administration of the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF
antibody, such as bevacizumab) is preferably approximately 1 month
or less, and most preferably approximately 2 weeks or less.
Alternatively, the chemotherapeutic agent and the inhibitor are
administered concurrently to the patient, in a single formulation
or separate formulations. Treatment with the combination of the
chemotherapeutic agent (e.g., carboplatin and/or paclitaxel) and
the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) may result in a synergistic, or greater than additive,
therapeutic benefit to the patient.
[0478] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g. for
therapy of ovarian cancer, include: a chemotherapeutic agent such
as a platinum compound (e.g., carboplatin), a taxol such as
paclitaxel or docetaxel, topotecan, or liposomal doxorubicin.
[0479] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube
cancer, or primary peritoneal cancer include: chemotherapeutic
agents such as carboplatin, paclitaxel, and/or gemcitabine.
[0480] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian
tube cancer, or primary peritoneal cancer include: chemotherapeutic
agents such as carboplatin and gemcitabine.
[0481] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of platinum-resistant recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer,
fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal cancer include: a
chemotherapeutic agent such as paclitaxel, topotecan, or pegylated
liposomal doxorubicin.
[0482] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of breast cancer, include: chemotherapeutic agents such as
capecitabine, and a taxol such as paclitaxel (e.g., nab-paclitaxel)
or docetaxel.
[0483] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of glioblastoma, include: chemotherapeutic agents such as
temozolomide, optionally in combination with radiotherapy.
[0484] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of colorectal cancer, include: chemotherapeutic agents such
as a fluoropyrimidine (e.g., 5-FU), paclitaxel, cisplatin,
topotecan, irinotecan, fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin,
fluoropyrimidine-irinotecan, FOLFOX4 (5-FU, lecovorin,
oxaliplatin), and IFL (ironotecan, 5-FU, leucovorin).
[0485] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of renal cell carcinoma, include: chemotherapeutic agents
such as interferon-alpha2a.
[0486] Particularly desired chemotherapeutic agents for combining
with the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) and/or anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, e.g., for
therapy of cervical cancer, include: chemotherapeutic agents such
as paclitaxel, cisplatin, topotecan, paclitaxel in combination with
cisplatin, and paclitaxel in combination with topotecan.
[0487] A chemotherapeutic agent, if administered, is usually
administered at dosages known therefore, or optionally lowered due
to combined action of the drugs or negative side effects
attributable to administration of the chemotherapeutic agent.
Preparation and dosing schedules for such chemotherapeutic agents
may be used according to manufacturers' instructions or as
determined empirically by the skilled practitioner. Where the
chemotherapeutic agent is paclitaxel, preferably, it is
administered at a dose between about 130 mg/m.sup.2 to 200
mg/m.sup.2 (for example approximately 175 mg/m.sup.2), for
instance, over 3 hours, once every 3 weeks. Where the
chemotherapeutic agent is carboplatin, preferably it is
administered by calculating the dose of carboplatin using the
Calvert formula which is based on a patient's preexisting renal
function or renal function and desired platelet nadir. Renal
excretion is the major route of elimination for carboplatin. The
use of this dosing formula, as compared to empirical dose
calculation based on body surface area, allows compensation for
patient variations in pretreatment renal function that might
otherwise result in either underdosing (in patients with above
average renal function) or overdosing (in patients with impaired
renal function). The target AUC of 4-6 mg/mumin using single agent
carboplatin appears to provide the most appropriate dose range in
previously treated patients.
[0488] Aside from the VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody,
such as bevacizumab), anti-human OX40 agonist antibody, and
chemotherapeutic agent, other therapeutic regimens may be combined
therewith. For example, a second (third, fourth, etc.)
chemotherapeutic agent(s) may be administered, wherein the second
chemotherapeutic agent is an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent,
or a chemotherapeutic agent that is not an antimetabolite. For
example, the second chemotherapeutic agent may be a taxane (such as
paclitaxel or docetaxel), capecitabine, or platinum-based
chemotherapeutic agent (such as carboplatin, cisplatin, or
oxaliplatin), anthracycline (such as doxorubicin, including,
liposomal doxorubicin), topotecan, pemetrexed, vinca alkaloid (such
as vinorelbine), and TLK 286. "Cocktails" of different
chemotherapeutic agents may be administered.
[0489] Suitable dosages for any of the above-noted co-administered
agents are those presently used and may be lowered due to the
combined action (synergy) of the agent and inhibitor. In addition
to the above therapeutic regimes, the patient may be subjected to
surgical removal of tumors and/or cancer cells, and/or radiation
therapy.
[0490] Where the VEGF antagonist is an antibody (e.g.,
bevacizumab), preferably the administered antibody is a naked
antibody. The VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody, such as
bevacizumab) administered may be conjugated with a cytotoxic agent.
Preferably, the conjugated and/or antigen to which it is bound
is/are internalized by the cell, resulting in increased therapeutic
efficacy of the conjugate in killing the cancer cell to which it
binds. In a preferred embodiment, the cytotoxic agent targets or
interferes with nucleic acid in the cancer cell. Examples of such
cytotoxic agents include maytansinoids, calicheamicins,
ribonucleases, and DNA endonucleases.
VI. ARTICLES OF MANUFACTURE OR KITS
[0491] In another aspect of the invention, an article of
manufacture or kit containing materials useful for the treatment,
prevention and/or diagnosis of the disorders described above is
provided. The article of manufacture or kit comprises a container
and a label or package insert on or associated with the container.
Suitable containers include, for example, bottles, vials, syringes,
IV solution bags, etc. The containers may be formed from a variety
of materials such as glass or plastic. The container holds a
composition which is by itself or combined with another composition
effective for treating, preventing and/or diagnosing the condition
and may have a sterile access port (for example the container may
be an intravenous solution bag or a vial having a stopper
pierceable by a hypodermic injection needle). At least one active
agent in the composition is an antibody of the invention (e.g., an
anti-human OX40 agonist antibody of the present disclosure or an
anti-angiogenic antibody of the present disclosure, such as an
anti-VEGF antibody). The label or package insert indicates that the
composition is used for treating the condition of choice. Moreover,
the article of manufacture or kit may comprise (a) a first
container with a composition contained therein, wherein the
composition comprises an antibody of the invention; and (b) a
second container with a composition contained therein, wherein the
composition comprises a further cytotoxic or otherwise therapeutic
agent. The article of manufacture in this embodiment of the
invention may further comprise a package insert indicating that the
compositions can be used to treat a particular condition.
Alternatively, or additionally, the article of manufacture or kit
may further comprise a second (or third) container comprising a
pharmaceutically-acceptable buffer, such as bacteriostatic water
for injection (BWFI), phosphate-buffered saline, Ringer's solution
and dextrose solution. It may further include other materials
desirable from a commercial and user standpoint, including other
buffers, diluents, filters, needles, and syringes.
[0492] In some embodiments, provided herein is a kit comprising a
medicament comprising an anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a package insert
comprising instructions for administration of the medicament in
combination with a composition comprising an OX40 binding agonist
and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for treating or
delaying progression of cancer in an individual. Further provided
here is a kit comprising a first medicament comprising an
anti-angiogenesis agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier, and a second medicament comprising an OX40 binding agonist
and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In some
embodiments, the kit further comprises a package insert comprising
instructions for administration of the first medicament and the
second medicament for treating or delaying progression of cancer in
an individual. Still further provided herein is a kit comprising a
medicament comprising an OX40 binding agonist and an optional
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a package insert
comprising instructions for administration of the medicament in
combination with a composition comprising an anti-angiogenesis
agent and an optional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for
treating or delaying progression of cancer in an individual.
[0493] It is understood that any of the above articles of
manufacture may include an immunoconjugate of the invention in
place of or in addition to an anti-OX40 antibody and/or
anti-angiogenesis agent.
[0494] The specification is considered to be sufficient to enable
one skilled in the art to practice the invention. Various
modifications of the invention in addition to those shown and
described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art
from the foregoing description and fall within the scope of the
appended claims. All publications, patents, and patent applications
cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety
for all purposes.
EXAMPLES
[0495] The invention will be more fully understood by reference to
the following examples. They should not, however, be construed as
limiting the scope of the invention. It is understood that the
examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative
purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light
thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and are to
be included within the spirit and purview of this application and
scope of the appended claims.
Example 1
Combinatorial Anti-VEGF+Anti-OX40 Treatment Exhibited Greater
Efficacy than Single Agent Treatment
[0496] Combining different modalities for cancer treatment may
result in beneficial effects on tumor growth. As described below,
anti-VEGF treatment resulted in reduced tumor growth when compared
to anti-GP120 (control) treated mice. Anti-OX40 treatment exhibited
little activity alone. Surprisingly, despite little anti-tumor
activity on its own, anti-OX40 treatment in combination with
anti-VEGF treatment demonstrated superior tumor growth inhibition
when compared to single agent administration or anti-GP120
treatment. Without wishing to be bound to theory, it is
hypothesized that the synergistic enhancement of activity observed
with combinatorial anti-VEGF+anti-OX40 treatment may be due to
increased intratumoral dendritic cell activation induced by
anti-VEGF treatment.
[0497] The results described herein suggest that sequencing
anti-OX40 treatment with anti-VEGF administration may augment
therapy. For instance, without wishing to be bound to theory,
administering anti-VEGF first (thereby enhancing dendritic cell
activation), followed by anti-OX40 therapy, may be more effective
than co-administration of treatments. However, it is possible that
the anti-angiogenic effects of anti-VEGF treatment may deplete
vasculature, thereby limiting leukocyte infiltration. Therefore,
without wishing to be bound to theory, it may be more beneficial to
administer anti-OX40 prior to anti-VEGF treatment.
Materials and Methods
[0498] CT26 Mouse Tumor Model
[0499] 6 week old female Balb/C mice were inoculated subcutaneously
in the right hind flank with 100 .mu.l of HBSS+matrigel (according
to manufacturer's specifications) containing 1.times.10.sup.5 CT26
tumor cells. Tumors were allowed to grow for .about.2 weeks. Mice
were grouped into four different experimental arms of 10 mice per
arm. Groups were selected to have similar tumor volume averages
with a tumor volume range from 100-300 mm.sup.3.
[0500] Mice received 0.1 mg/kg of anti-OX40 or isotype control
anti-GP120 (negative control). The anti-OX40 antibody was clone
OX-86 mouse-IgG2a (generated by cloning rat anti-mouse OX40 agonist
antibody OX-86 onto a murine IgG2a backbone). Antibody was
administered intravenously on day 1 followed by 0.1 mg/kg of the
same antibody intraperitoneally (i.p.) 3 times a week for a total
treatment duration of three weeks. These same treatment groups also
received 5 mg/kg of anti-VEGFA (B20) or isotype control anti-GP120
(negative control) i.p. twice a week for three weeks starting on
day 1.
[0501] Antibodies were diluted to the desired concentration with
sterile PBS and administered in volumes of 100 or 200 .mu.l. Tumor
volume was measured by calipers periodically over the duration of
the experiment. Mice were euthanized and removed from the
experiment when: 1) Mice became moribund, 2) Tumor became
ulcerated, or 3) Tumor volume exceeded 2000 mm.sup.3.
[0502] Flow Cytometry
[0503] CT26 tumors harvested from mice treated with anti-VEGF or
anti-GP120 (control) were subjected to enzymatic digestion for
retrieval of a suspension of single cells. Subsequently, these
cells were stained for flow cytometry using a cocktail of
antibodies against CD45, CD11b, CD11c, F4/80 (used for exclusion of
macrophages), Gr1 (used for exclusion of neutrophils and
granulocytic myeloid cells), MHC-II, OX40L, and PD-L. Fixable
Viability Dye eFluor.RTM. 780 was used for exclusion of dead cells
from flow cytometric analysis. Myeloid dendritic cells were defined
and gated as
CD45.sup.+CD11b.sup.+Gr1.sup.-F4/80.sup.-CD11c.sup.+MHCII.sup.+.
Non-myeloid dendritic cells were defined and gated as
CD45.sup.+CD11b.sup.-Gr1.sup.-F4/80.sup.-CD11c.sup.+MHCII.sup.+.
Expression of the functional markers MHCII, PD-L, and OX40L was
quantified by means of flow cytometric Mean Fluorescence Intensity
using the following antibodies: PeCy7-conjugated anti-MHC-II
(Biolegend), BV421-conjugated anti-PD-L1 (Biolegend), and
PE-conjugated OX-40L.
Results
[0504] To determine the effect of combination treatment with
anti-OX40 and anti-VEGF on tumor growth, a mouse CT26 tumor model
was used. FIG. 1 shows that anti-VEGF treatment plus isotype
control inhibited tumor growth when compared to anti-GP120 negative
control administration. In contrast, anti-OX40 plus isotype control
afforded no inhibition of tumor growth when compared to anti-GP120
negative control administration this experiment. This is
inconsistent with other experiments utilizing the same antibody and
experimental tumor model where tumor growth inhibition was
observed. Without wishing to be bound to theory, an explanation for
why anti-OX40 treatment did not work in this experiment is that the
average starting tumor volume was larger in this group and
anti-OX40 efficacy in the CT26 tumor model is dramatically affected
by tumor size especially when tumors are larger than 200 mm.sup.3.
It is thought that anti-OX40 efficacy in the CT26 tumor model may
be negatively affected by tumor size. FIG. 1 also shows that
combinatorial anti-VEGF and anti-OX40 treatment showed superior
efficacy over anti-VEGF or anti-OX40 alone.
[0505] FIG. 2 provides tumor volume measurements for individual
mice. These data further demonstrate the superior efficacy of
combinatorial anti-VEGF and anti-OX40 treatment over anti-VEGF or
anti-OX40 alone. Compared to tumor growth in mice receiving control
treatment, mice receiving VEGF treatment experienced 53% tumor
growth inhibition. Anti-OX40 treatment alone resulted in tumor
growth 30% above control treatment. In contrast, combination
anti-VEGF plus anti-OX40 treatment resulted in a remarkable 94%
tumor growth inhibition compared to control treatment. In this
treatment group, 9 out of 10 mice exhibited tumor stasis or
regression. These results demonstrate the superior and synergistic
effects of combination anti-VEGF and anti-OX40 treatment, as
compared to each single treatment or control treatment.
[0506] Next, the effect of anti-VEGF treatment on intratumoral
dendritic cell activation was tested in the CT26 tumor model.
First, in FIG. 3A, intratumoral myeloid dendritic cells were
assayed. Among
CD45.sup.+CD11b.sup.+Gr1.sup.-F4/80.sup.-CD11c.sup.+MHCII.sup.+
myeloid dendritic cells, abundance of expression of MHC class II,
OX40L, and PD-L was determined by quantifying the mean fluorescence
intensity of each molecule. Myeloid dendritic cells from
anti-VEGF-treated mice were found to have higher MHC II (p=0.002)
and OX40L (p=0.003) expression, as compared to cells from
anti-GP120 (control)-treated mice. PD-L expression, a negative
regulator of T cell responses, was statistically undistinguishable
between the two groups (p=0.81). These results suggest that
treatment with anti-VEGF promoted maturation of tumoral dendritic
cells as opposed to control treatment. Improved expression of MHC
Class II and OX40L enables dendritic cells to present antigens and
prime T cells more effectively.
[0507] FIG. 3B shows the effect of anti-VEGF treatment on
non-myeloid intratumoral dendritic cell activation. Among
CD45.sup.+CD11b.sup.-Gr1.sup.-F4/80.sup.-CD11c.sup.+MHCII.sup.+
non-myeloid dendritic cells, expression of MHC class II, as well as
PD-L and OX40L was determined by quantifying the mean fluorescence
intensity of each molecule. Similar to myeloid dendritic cells,
non-myeloid dendritic cells also expressed significantly higher
levels of MHC II (p=0.03) and OX40L (p=0.002) when treated with
anti-VEGF, as compared to control treatment.
[0508] These results suggest that anti-VEGF treatment can improve
the functional phenotype of tumoral dendritic cells, a phenomenon
that can result in enhanced anti-tumoral T cell responses. Hence,
combining anti-VEGF treatment with immunotherapeutics targeting T
cells (e.g., anti-OX40) may synergistically potentiate anti-tumor
responses.
Sequence CWU 1
1
2341249PRTHomo sapiens 1Leu His Cys Val Gly Asp Thr Tyr Pro Ser Asn
Asp Arg Cys Cys His1 5 10 15 Glu Cys Arg Pro Gly Asn Gly Met Val
Ser Arg Cys Ser Arg Ser Gln 20 25 30 Asn Thr Val Cys Arg Pro Cys
Gly Pro Gly Phe Tyr Asn Asp Val Val 35 40 45 Ser Ser Lys Pro Cys
Lys Pro Cys Thr Trp Cys Asn Leu Arg Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Glu Arg
Lys Gln Leu Cys Thr Ala Thr Gln Asp Thr Val Cys Arg65 70 75 80 Cys
Arg Ala Gly Thr Gln Pro Leu Asp Ser Tyr Lys Pro Gly Val Asp 85 90
95 Cys Ala Pro Cys Pro Pro Gly His Phe Ser Pro Gly Asp Asn Gln Ala
100 105 110 Cys Lys Pro Trp Thr Asn Cys Thr Leu Ala Gly Lys His Thr
Leu Gln 115 120 125 Pro Ala Ser Asn Ser Ser Asp Ala Ile Cys Glu Asp
Arg Asp Pro Pro 130 135 140 Ala Thr Gln Pro Gln Glu Thr Gln Gly Pro
Pro Ala Arg Pro Ile Thr145 150 155 160 Val Gln Pro Thr Glu Ala Trp
Pro Arg Thr Ser Gln Gly Pro Ser Thr 165 170 175 Arg Pro Val Glu Val
Pro Gly Gly Arg Ala Val Ala Ala Ile Leu Gly 180 185 190 Leu Gly Leu
Val Leu Gly Leu Leu Gly Pro Leu Ala Ile Leu Leu Ala 195 200 205 Leu
Tyr Leu Leu Arg Arg Asp Gln Arg Leu Pro Pro Asp Ala His Lys 210 215
220 Pro Pro Gly Gly Gly Ser Phe Arg Thr Pro Ile Gln Glu Glu Gln
Ala225 230 235 240 Asp Ala His Ser Thr Leu Ala Lys Ile 245
25PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 2Asp Ser Tyr Met Ser1 5
317PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 3Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp
Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Arg1 5 10 15
Glu48PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 4Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr
Phe Ser Val1 5 511PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 5Arg
Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr Leu Asn1 5 10 67PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 6Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser1 5
79PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 7Gln Gln Gly His Thr
Leu Pro Pro Thr1 5 85PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 8Asp
Ala Tyr Met Ser1 5 95PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 9Glu
Ser Tyr Met Ser1 5 1017PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
10Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Ala Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Arg1
5 10 15 Glu1117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 11Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Ala Asp Ala Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Arg1 5 10 15
Glu1217PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 12Asp Met Tyr Pro
Asp Asn Gly Asp Ala Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Arg1 5 10 15
Glu1317PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 13Asp Met Tyr Pro
Asp Ser Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Arg1 5 10 15
Glu1417PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 14Asp Met Tyr Pro
Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Arg1 5 10 15
Glu158PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 15Ala Pro Arg Trp
Tyr Phe Ser Ala1 5 168PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
16Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Ala Ser Val1 5 178PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 17Ala Pro Arg Trp Ala Phe Ser Val1 5
188PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 18Ala Pro Ala Trp Tyr
Phe Ser Val1 5 198PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 19Ala
Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ala Val1 5 208PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 20Ala Pro Arg Ala Tyr Phe Ser Val1 5 218PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 21Ala Ala Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val1 5
229PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 22Gln Gln Gly His Thr
Leu Pro Ala Thr1 5 239PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
23Gln Gln Gly His Thr Ala Pro Pro Thr1 5 249PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 24Gln Gln Gly Ala Thr Leu Pro Pro Thr1
5 259PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 25Gln Gln Gly His
Ala Leu Pro Pro Thr1 5 269PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
26Gln Gln Ala His Thr Leu Pro Pro Thr1 5 279PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 27Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Ala Pro Thr1
5 289PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 28Gln Ala Gly His
Thr Leu Pro Pro Thr1 5 295PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
29Asn Tyr Leu Ile Glu1 5 3017PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 30Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe Lys1 5 10 15 Gly3117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
31Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Ala Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys Phe Lys1
5 10 15 Gly3217PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 32Val Ile
Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Gln Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys Phe Lys1 5 10 15
Gly335PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 33Asp Arg Leu Asp
Tyr1 5 345PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 34Ala Arg Leu
Asp Tyr1 5 355PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 35Asp Ala
Leu Asp Tyr1 5 365PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 36Asp
Arg Ala Asp Tyr1 5 3711PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
37His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr Ile Val1 5 10
387PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 38His Gly Thr Asn Leu
Glu Asp1 5 397PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 39His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Ser1 5 407PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
40His Gly Thr Asn Leu Glu Glu1 5 417PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 41His Gly Thr Asn Leu Glu Gln1 5 429PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 42Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr Thr1
5 439PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 43Ala His Tyr Ala
Gln Phe Pro Tyr Thr1 5 449PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
44Val Ala Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr Thr1 5 459PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 45Val His Ala Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr Thr1
5 469PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 46Val His Tyr Ala
Ala Phe Pro Tyr Thr1 5 479PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
47Val His Tyr Ala Gln Ala Pro Tyr Thr1 5 489PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 48Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Ala Tyr Thr1
5 499PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 49Val His Tyr Ala
Gln Phe Pro Ala Thr1 5 505PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
50Asp Tyr Gly Val Leu1 5 5116PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 51Met Ile Trp Ser Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Asn Ala Ala Phe
Ile Ser1 5 10 15 525PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 52Glu
Glu Met Asp Tyr1 5 5311PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
53Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Phe Leu Asn1 5 10
547PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 54Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu
His Ser1 5 559PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 55Gln Gln
Gly Asn Thr Leu Pro Trp Thr1 5 56117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 56Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro
Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr
Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly
Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile
Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser
Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu
Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110
Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 57107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 57Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp
Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 58117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 58Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 59107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 59Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
60117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 60Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30
Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
61107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 61Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly
His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys 100 105 62117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
62Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg
Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 63107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 63Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Thr Val Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 64117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 64Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro
Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr
Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly
Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile
Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser
Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu
Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110
Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 65107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 65Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp
Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Thr Val Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 66117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 66Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20
25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp
Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn
Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp Thr Ser
Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu
Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr
Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 67107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 67Asp Ile Gln
Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp
Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25
30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Thr Val Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe
Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Lys Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser
Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Phe Cys Gln Gln
Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val
Glu Ile Lys 100 105 68117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
68Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg
Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 69107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 69Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Thr Val Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Lys Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Phe Cys
Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 70117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 70Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro
Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr
Phe Thr Asp Ala 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly
Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile
Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser
Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu
Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110
Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 71107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 71Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp
Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 72117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 72Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Glu Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 73107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 73Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
74117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 74Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30
Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Ala Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
75107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 75Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly
His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys 100 105 76117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
76Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Ala Asp Ala Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg
Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 77107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 77Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 78117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 78Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro
Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr
Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly
Asp Ala Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile
Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser
Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu
Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110
Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 79107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 79Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp
Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 80117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 80Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Ser Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 81107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 81Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
82117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 82Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30
Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Ser Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
83107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 83Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly
His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys 100 105 84117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
84Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ala 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Ala Asp Ala Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg
Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 85107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 85Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Gly His Thr
Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105 86117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 86Glu Val
Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20
25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp
Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn
Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser
Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu
Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr
Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 87107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 87Asp Ile Gln
Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp
Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25
30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe
Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser
Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln
Gly His Thr Leu Pro Ala 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val
Glu Ile Lys 100 105 88117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
88Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg
Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 89107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 89Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Gly His Thr Ala Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 90117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 90Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro
Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr
Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly
Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile
Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser
Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu
Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110
Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 91107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 91Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp
Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly Ala Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 92117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 92Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 93107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 93Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Ala Leu Pro Pro
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
94117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 94Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30
Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
95107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 95Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ala
His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys 100 105 96117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
96Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg
Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 97107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 97Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Ala Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 98117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 98Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro
Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr
Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly
Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile
Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser
Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu
Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110
Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 99107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 99Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp
Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Ala Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 100117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 100Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 101107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 101Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
102117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 102Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30
Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Ala Ser
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
103107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 103Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly
His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys 100 105 104117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
104Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg
Trp Ala Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 105107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 105Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20
25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu
Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg
Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile
Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln
Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys
Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 106117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 106Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys
Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr
Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro
Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn
Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr
Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu
Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val
Leu Ala Pro Ala Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105
110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 107107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 107Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala
Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln
Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly
Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg
Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr
Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe
Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr
Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 108117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 108Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ala Val Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 109107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 109Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
110117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 110Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30
Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Ala Tyr Phe Ser
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
111107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 111Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly
His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys 100 105 112117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
112Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp
Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser
Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp
Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Ala Arg
Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 113107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 113Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 114117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 114Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys
Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr
Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro
Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn
Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr
Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu
Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala
Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105
110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 115107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 115Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala
Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln
Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly
Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg
Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr
Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe
Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr
Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 116117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 116Glu Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Ala Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 117107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 117Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
118114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 118Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser119107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 119Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
120114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 120Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser121107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 121Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
122114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 122Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser123107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 123Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
124114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 124Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp
Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser125107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 125Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
126114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 126Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser127107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 127Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
128114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 128Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser129107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 129Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
130114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 130Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser131107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 131Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Glu Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
132114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 132Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser133107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 133Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Gln Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
134114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 134Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser135107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 135Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Ala Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
136114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 136Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser137107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 137Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Ala Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
138114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 138Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser139107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 139Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
140114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 140Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser141107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 141Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
142114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 142Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser143107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 143Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Phe Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
144114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 144Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65
70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr
Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser145107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 145Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
146114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 146Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser147107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 147Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Ala His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
148114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 148Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser149107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 149Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val Ala Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
150114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 150Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser151107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 151Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Ala Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
152114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 152Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser153107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 153Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Ala Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
154114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 154Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser155107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 155Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Ala Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
156114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 156Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser157107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 157Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Ala Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
158114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 158Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser159107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 159Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Ala
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
160114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 160Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Ala Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser161107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 161Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
162114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 162Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Ala Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser163107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 163Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
164114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 164Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Ala Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser165107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 165Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Lys Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
166113PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 166Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Glu1 5 10 15 Thr Leu
Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Thr Asp Tyr 20 25 30
Gly Val Leu Trp Ile Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Met Ile Trp Ser Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Asn Ala Ala Phe
Ile 50 55 60 Ser Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Val Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln
Phe Ser Leu65 70 75 80 Lys Leu Ser Ser Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Thr Ala
Val Tyr Tyr Cys Val 85 90 95 Arg Glu Glu Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln
Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser 100 105 110 Ser167107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 167Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Phe 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly Asn Thr Leu Pro Trp
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
168113PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 168Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Glu1 5 10 15 Thr Leu
Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Thr Asp Tyr 20 25 30
Gly Val Leu Trp Ile Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Met Ile Trp Ser Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Asn Ala Ala Phe
Ile 50 55 60 Ser Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Lys Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln
Val Ser Leu65 70 75 80 Lys Leu Ser Ser Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Thr Ala
Val Tyr Tyr Cys Val 85 90 95 Arg Glu Glu Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln
Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser 100 105 110 Ser169107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 169Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Phe 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly Asn Thr Leu Pro Trp
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
170113PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 170Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Glu1 5 10 15 Thr Leu
Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Thr Asp Tyr 20 25 30
Gly Val Leu Trp Val Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Leu 35
40 45 Gly Met Ile Trp Ser Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Asn Ala Ala Phe
Ile 50 55 60 Ser Arg Leu Thr Ile Ser Lys Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln
Val Ser Leu65 70 75 80 Lys Leu Ser Ser Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Thr Ala
Val Tyr Tyr Cys Val 85 90 95 Arg Glu Glu Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln
Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser 100 105 110 Ser171107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 171Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Phe 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Gly Asn Thr Leu Pro Trp
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
1725PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 172Xaa Xaa Tyr Met
Ser1 5 17317PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 173Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Arg1 5 10 15
Glu1748PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 174Ala Pro Arg Trp
Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa1 5 1759PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
175Gln Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Thr1 5 17617PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 176Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Xaa
Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys Phe Lys1 5 10 15 Gly1777PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 177His Gly Thr Asn Leu Glu Xaa1 5
1789PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 178Xaa Xaa Tyr Ala
Gln Phe Pro Tyr Xaa1 5 179107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 179Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Thr Thr Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala
Ser Leu Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln
Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asp
Gly Thr Val Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu Arg
Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Lys
Asp Tyr Phe Leu Thr Ile Ser Asn Leu Glu Gln65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Val
Ala Ala Tyr Phe Cys Gln Gln Gly His Thr Leu Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr
Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 180117PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 180Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro
Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val
Lys Gln Ser His Gly Lys Thr Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Asp Met
Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg
Glu Lys Val Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Thr Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Met Glu Phe Arg Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser Val Trp Gly Thr Gly
Thr Thr 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 181107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 181Asp Ile Leu Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Met Ser Val Ser Leu Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Thr Val Ser Ile Thr Cys
His Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ile Val Trp Leu Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ser Phe Arg Gly Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Gly
Thr Asn Leu Glu Asp Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Ala Asp Tyr Ser Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Glu Ser65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Asp Tyr Tyr Cys Val His Tyr Ala Gln Phe Pro Tyr
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105
182114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 182Gln Val Gln Leu
Gln Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Arg Pro Gly Thr1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Ala Phe Thr Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Ile Glu Trp Val Lys Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Val Ile Asn Pro Gly Ser Gly Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Met Gln Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser
Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Thr Leu Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser183451PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 183Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly
Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala
Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Thr Met Asn Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ser Ala Ile
Ser Gly Ser Gly Gly Ser Thr Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val 50 55 60 Lys
Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Ala Lys Asp Arg Tyr Ser Gln Val His Tyr Ala Leu Asp Tyr
Trp Gly 100 105 110 Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser Ala Ser Thr
Lys Gly Pro Ser 115 120 125 Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Ser Ser Lys Ser
Thr Ser Gly Gly Thr Ala 130 135 140 Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp
Tyr Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val145 150 155 160 Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly
Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala 165 170 175 Val Leu Gln
Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val 180 185 190 Pro
Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Gln Thr Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val Asn His 195 200
205 Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys Arg Val Glu Pro Lys Ser Cys
210 215 220 Asp Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Leu
Leu Gly225 230 235 240 Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro
Lys Asp Thr Leu Met 245 250 255 Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys
Val Val Val Asp Val Ser His 260 265 270 Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Lys Phe
Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp Gly Val Glu Val 275 280 285 His Asn Ala Lys Thr
Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser Thr Tyr 290 295 300 Arg Val Val
Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly305 310 315 320
Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala Pro Ile 325
330 335 Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln
Val 340 345 350 Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn
Gln Val Ser 355 360 365 Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser
Asp Ile Ala Val Glu 370 375 380 Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn
Asn Tyr Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro385 390 395 400 Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly
Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser Lys Leu Thr Val 405 410 415 Asp Lys Ser Arg
Trp Gln Gln Gly Asn Val Phe Ser Cys Ser Val Met 420 425 430 His Glu
Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser 435 440 445
Pro Gly Lys 450 184219PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
184Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Pro Val Thr Pro Gly1
5 10 15 Glu Pro Ala Ser Ile Ser Cys Arg Ser Ser Gln Ser Leu Leu His
Ser 20 25 30 Asn Gly Tyr Asn Tyr Leu Asp Trp Tyr Leu Gln Lys Ala
Gly Gln Ser 35 40 45 Pro Gln Leu Leu Ile Tyr Leu Gly Ser Asn Arg
Ala Ser Gly Val Pro 50 55 60 Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Lys Ile65 70 75 80 Ser Arg Val Glu Ala Glu Asp
Val Gly Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr 85 90 95 Tyr Asn His Pro Thr
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 110 Arg Thr Val
Ala Ala Pro Ser Val Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu 115 120 125 Gln
Leu Lys Ser Gly Thr Ala Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe 130 135
140 Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu
Gln145 150 155 160 Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp
Ser Lys Asp Ser 165 170 175 Thr Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu
Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu 180 185 190 Lys His Lys Val Tyr Ala Cys Glu
Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser Ser 195 200 205 Pro Val Thr Lys Ser Phe
Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys 210 215 185219PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 185Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Pro Val
Thr Pro Gly1 5 10 15 Glu Pro Ala Ser Ile Ser Cys Arg Ser Ser Gln
Ser Leu Leu His Ser 20 25 30 Asn Gly Tyr Asn Tyr Leu Asp Trp Tyr
Leu Gln Lys Ala Gly Gln Ser 35 40 45 Pro Gln Leu Leu Ile Tyr Leu
Gly Ser Asn Arg Ala Ser Gly Val Pro 50 55 60 Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Lys Ile65 70 75 80 Ser Arg Val
Glu Ala Glu Asp Val Gly Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr 85 90 95 Tyr
Asn His Pro Thr Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105
110 Arg Thr Val Ala Ala Pro Ser Val Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu
115 120 125 Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly Thr Ala Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn
Asn Phe 130 135 140 Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val
Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln145 150 155 160 Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln Glu Ser Val
Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser 165 170 175 Thr Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser
Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu 180 185 190 Lys His Lys Val
Tyr Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser Ser 195 200 205 Pro Val
Thr Lys Ser Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys 210 215 186450PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 186Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly
Gly Leu Val His Pro Gly Gly1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala
Gly Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Ala Met His Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ser Ala Ile
Gly Thr Gly Gly Gly Thr Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Met 50 55 60 Gly
Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr Leu65 70 75
80 Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala
85 90 95 Arg Tyr Asp Asn Val Met Gly Leu Tyr Trp Phe Asp Tyr Trp
Gly Gln 100 105 110 Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser Ala Ser Thr Lys
Gly Pro Ser Val 115 120 125 Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Ser Ser Lys Ser Thr
Ser Gly Gly Thr Ala Ala 130 135 140 Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr
Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser145 150 155 160 Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala
Leu Thr Ser Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val 165 170 175 Leu Gln Ser
Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro 180 185 190 Ser
Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Gln Thr Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val Asn His Lys 195 200
205 Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys Arg Val Glu Pro Lys Ser Cys Asp
210 215 220 Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Leu Leu
Gly Gly225 230 235 240 Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys
Asp Thr Leu Met Ile 245 250 255 Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val
Val Val Asp Val Ser His Glu 260 265 270 Asp Pro Glu Val Lys Phe Asn
Trp Tyr Val Asp Gly Val Glu Val His 275 280 285 Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys
Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg 290 295 300 Val Val Ser
Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys305 310 315 320
Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala Pro Ile Glu 325
330 335 Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln Val
Tyr 340 345 350 Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln
Val Ser Leu 355 360 365 Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp
Ile Ala Val Glu Trp 370 375 380 Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn
Tyr Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro Val385 390 395 400 Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser
Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser Lys Leu Thr Val Asp 405 410 415 Lys Ser Arg Trp
Gln Gln Gly Asn Val Phe Ser Cys Ser Val Met His 420 425 430 Glu Ala
Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro 435 440 445
Gly Lys 450 187214PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 187Glu
Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly1 5 10
15 Glu Arg Ala Thr Leu Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Tyr
20 25 30 Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Arg Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Asp Ala Ser Asn Arg Ala Thr Gly Ile Pro Ala
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Glu Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Arg Ser Asn Trp Pro Pro 85 90 95 Ala Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Val Ala Ala 100 105 110 Pro Ser Val Phe
Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly 115 120 125 Thr Ala
Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala 130 135 140
Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln145
150 155 160 Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser Thr Tyr Ser
Leu Ser 165 170 175 Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu Lys
His Lys Val Tyr 180 185 190 Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser
Ser Pro Val Thr Lys Ser 195 200 205 Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys 210
188118PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 188Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly1 5 10 15 Ser Leu
Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30
Ser Met Asn Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35
40 45 Ser Tyr Ile Ser Ser Ser Ser Ser Thr Ile Asp Tyr Ala Asp Ser
Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn
Ser Leu Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Asp Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Glu Ser Gly Trp Tyr Leu Phe
Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr 100 105 110 Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
189107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 189Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Gly Ile Ser Ser Trp 20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Glu Lys Ala Pro Lys Ser Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Ala Ala Ser Ser Leu Gln Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr
Asn Ser Tyr Pro Pro 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys 100 105 190124PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
190Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Arg1
5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Asp Asp
Tyr 20 25 30 Ala Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu
Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ser Gly Ile Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ser Ile Gly
Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp
Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg
Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Lys Asp Gln Ser
Thr Ala Asp Tyr Tyr Phe Tyr Tyr Gly Met Asp 100 105 110 Val Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 191106PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 191Glu Ile Val Val Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala
Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly1 5 10 15 Glu Arg Ala Thr Leu Ser Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Arg Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Asp Ala
Ser Asn Arg Ala Thr Gly Ile Pro Ala Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Glu Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Arg Ser Asn Trp Pro Thr
85 90 95 Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
192122PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 192Gln Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ser Glu Leu Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr 20 25 30
Ser Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Lys Trp Met 35
40 45 Gly Trp Ile Asn Thr Glu Thr Gly Glu Pro Thr Tyr Ala Asp Asp
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Val Phe Ser Leu Asp Thr Ser Val Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Ile Ser Ser Leu Lys Ala Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Asn Pro Tyr Tyr Asp Tyr Val Ser
Tyr Tyr Ala Met Asp Tyr Trp 100 105 110 Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr
Val Ser Ser 115 120 193107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
193Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1
5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Lys Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Ser Thr
Ala 20 25 30 Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys
Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Ser Ala Ser Tyr Leu Tyr Thr Gly Val Pro
Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Phe
Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Ile Ala Thr Tyr Tyr
Cys Gln Gln His Tyr Ser Thr Pro Arg 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly
Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 194120PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 194Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly
Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala
Ala Ser Glu Tyr Glu Phe Pro Ser His 20 25 30 Asp Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Leu Val 35 40 45 Ala Ala Ile
Asn Ser Asp Gly Gly Ser Thr Tyr Tyr Pro Asp Thr Met 50 55 60 Glu
Arg Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr65 70 75
80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Ala Arg His Tyr Asp Asp Tyr Tyr Ala Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp
Gly Gln 100 105 110 Gly Thr Met Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120
195111PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 195Glu Ile Val Leu
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly1 5 10 15 Glu Arg
Ala Thr Leu Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Lys Ser Val Ser Thr Ser 20 25 30
Gly Tyr Ser Tyr Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro 35
40 45 Arg Leu Leu Ile Tyr Leu Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Val Pro
Ala 50 55 60 Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu
Thr Ile Ser65 70 75 80 Ser Leu Glu Pro Glu Asp Phe Ala Val Tyr Tyr
Cys Gln His Ser Arg 85 90 95 Glu Leu Pro Leu Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly
Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 110 196469PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 196Met Tyr Leu Gly Leu Asn Tyr Val Phe
Ile Val Phe Leu Leu Asn Gly1 5 10 15 Val Gln Ser Glu Val Lys Leu
Glu Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln 20 25 30 Pro Gly Gly Ser Met
Lys Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe 35 40 45 Ser Asp Ala
Trp Met Asp Trp Val Arg Gln Ser Pro Glu Lys Gly Leu 50 55 60 Glu
Trp Val Ala Glu Ile Arg Ser Lys Ala Asn Asn His Ala Thr Tyr65 70 75
80 Tyr Ala Glu Ser Val Asn Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asp Ser
85 90 95 Lys Ser Ser Val Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu
Asp Thr 100 105 110 Gly Ile Tyr Tyr Cys Thr Trp Gly Glu Val Phe Tyr
Phe Asp Tyr Trp 115 120 125 Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Leu Thr Val Ser Ser
Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro 130 135 140 Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Ser
Ser Lys Ser Thr Ser Gly Gly Thr145 150 155 160 Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys
Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr 165 170 175 Val Ser Trp
Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro 180 185 190 Ala
Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr 195 200
205 Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Gln Thr Tyr Ile Thr Cys Asn Val
210 215 220 Asn His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys Lys Val Glu
Pro Lys225 230 235 240 Ser Cys Asp Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys
Pro Ala Pro Glu Leu 245 250 255 Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe
Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr 260 265 270 Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro
Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val Asp Val 275 280 285 Ser His Glu Asp Pro
Glu Val Lys Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp Gly Val 290 295 300 Glu Val His
Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser305 310 315 320
Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu 325
330 335 Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Pro
Ala 340 345 350 Pro Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro
Arg Glu Pro 355 360 365 Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg Asp Glu
Leu Thr Lys Asn Gln 370 375 380 Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly
Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala385 390 395 400 Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn
Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys Thr Thr 405 410 415 Pro Pro Val Leu
Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser Lys Leu 420 425 430 Thr Val
Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Gln Gly Asn Val Phe Ser Cys Ser 435 440 445
Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser 450
455 460 Leu Ser Pro Gly Lys465 197233PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 197Met Arg Pro Ser Ile Gln Phe Leu Gly
Leu Leu Leu Phe Trp Leu His1 5 10 15 Gly Ala Gln Cys Asp Ile Gln
Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30 Ala Ser Leu Gly Gly
Lys Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Lys Ser Ser Gln Asp 35 40 45 Ile Asn Lys
Tyr Ile Ala Trp Tyr Gln His Lys Pro Gly Lys Gly Pro 50 55 60 Arg
Leu Leu Ile His Tyr Thr Ser Thr Leu Gln Pro Gly Ile Pro Ser65 70 75
80 Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Arg Asp Tyr Ser Phe Ser Ile Ser
85 90 95 Asn Leu Glu Pro Glu Asp Ile Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Leu Gln
Tyr Asp 100 105 110 Asn Leu Leu Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly
Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Lys Arg Thr 115 120 125 Val Ala Ala Pro Ser Val
Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu Gln Leu 130 135 140 Lys Ser Gly Thr
Ala Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe Tyr Pro145 150 155 160 Arg
Glu Ala Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly 165 170
175 Asn Ser Gln Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser Thr Tyr
180 185 190 Ser Leu Ser Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu
Lys His 195 200 205 Lys Val Tyr Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu
Ser Ser Pro Val 210 215 220 Thr Lys Ser Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys225
230 198138PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 198Met Tyr Leu
Gly Leu Asn Tyr Val Phe Ile Val Phe Leu Leu Asn Gly1 5 10 15 Val
Gln Ser Glu Val Lys Leu Glu Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln 20 25
30 Pro Gly Gly Ser Met Lys Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe
35 40 45 Ser Asp Ala Trp Met Asp Trp Val Arg Gln Ser Pro Glu Lys
Gly Leu 50 55 60 Glu Trp Val Ala Glu Ile Arg Ser Lys Ala Asn Asn
His Ala Thr Tyr65 70 75 80 Tyr Ala Glu Ser Val Asn Gly Arg Phe Thr
Ile Ser Arg Asp Asp Ser 85 90 95 Lys Ser Ser Val Tyr Leu Gln Met
Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr 100 105 110 Gly Ile Tyr Tyr Cys Thr
Trp Gly Glu Val Phe Tyr Phe Asp Tyr Trp 115 120 125 Gly Gln Gly Thr
Thr Leu Thr Val Ser Ser 130 135 199126PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 199Met Arg Pro Ser Ile Gln Phe Leu Gly
Leu Leu Leu Phe Trp Leu His1 5 10 15 Gly Ala Gln Cys Asp Ile Gln
Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30 Ala Ser Leu Gly Gly
Lys Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Lys Ser Ser Gln Asp 35 40 45 Ile Asn Lys
Tyr Ile Ala Trp Tyr Gln His Lys Pro Gly Lys Gly Pro 50 55 60 Arg
Leu Leu Ile His Tyr Thr Ser Thr Leu Gln Pro Gly Ile Pro Ser65 70 75
80 Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Arg Asp Tyr Ser Phe Ser Ile Ser
85 90 95 Asn Leu Glu Pro Glu Asp Ile Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Leu Gln
Tyr Asp 100 105 110 Asn Leu Leu Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu
Leu Lys 115 120 125 200119PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
200Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Met Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser
Tyr 20 25 30 Val Met His Trp Val Lys Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Tyr Ile Asn Pro Tyr Asn Asp Gly Thr Lys
Tyr Asn Glu Lys Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Ser Asp
Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Thr
Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Asn Tyr Tyr Gly
Ser Ser Leu Ser Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110 Thr Ser Val
Thr Val Ser Ser 115 201108PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
201Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Thr Thr Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Leu Gly1
5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn
Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asp Gly Thr Val Lys
Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro
Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Ser Leu
Thr Ile Ser Asn Leu Glu Gln65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Ile Ala Thr Tyr Phe
Cys Gln Gln Gly Asn Thr Leu Pro Trp 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly
Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys Arg 100 105 202121PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 202Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro
Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys
Thr Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Lys Asp Tyr 20 25 30 Thr Met His Trp Val
Lys Gln Ser His Gly Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Gly Ile
Tyr Pro Asn Asn Gly Gly Ser Thr Tyr Asn Gln Asn Phe 50 55 60 Lys
Asp Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Met Glu Phe Arg Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Ala Arg Met Gly Tyr His Gly Pro His Leu Asp Phe Asp Val
Trp Gly 100 105 110 Ala Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Pro 115 120
203108PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 203Asp Ile Val Met
Thr Gln Ser His Lys Phe Met Ser Thr Ser Leu Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Ser Ile Thr Cys Lys Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Gly Ala Ala 20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ser Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg His Thr Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Thr
Gly 50 55 60 Gly Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Asn
Val Gln Ser65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Leu Thr Asp Tyr Phe Cys Gln Gln Tyr
Ile Asn Tyr Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu
Ile Lys Arg 100 105 204119PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
204Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser
Tyr 20 25 30 Val Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu
Glu Trp Met 35 40 45 Gly Tyr Ile Asn Pro Tyr Asn Asp Gly Thr Lys
Tyr Asn Glu Lys Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Ser Asp
Thr Ser Ala Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Asn Tyr Tyr Gly
Ser Ser Leu Ser Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110 Thr Leu Val
Thr Val Ser Ser 115 205108PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
205Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1
5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn
Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys
Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr Ser Arg Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro
Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu
Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr
Cys Gln Gln Gly Asn Thr Leu Pro Trp 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly
Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg 100 105 206108PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 206Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys
Arg Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln
Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Val Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Thr
Ser Arg Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser
Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Tyr Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75
80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Phe Cys Gln Gln Gly Asn Thr Leu Pro Trp
85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg 100 105
207119PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 207Gln Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr 20 25 30
Val Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Tyr Ile Asn Pro Tyr Asn Asp Gly Thr Lys Tyr Asn Glu Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Ala Thr Ile Thr Ser Asp Thr Ser Ala Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Asn Tyr Tyr Gly Ser Ser Leu Ser
Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110 Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 208119PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 208Gln Val Gln
Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser
Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Ser Tyr 20 25
30 Val Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45 Gly Tyr Ile Asn Pro Tyr Asn Asp Gly Thr Lys Tyr Asn Glu
Lys Phe 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Ala Thr Leu Thr Ser Asp Lys Ser Ala
Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp
Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Asn Tyr Tyr Gly Ser Ser Leu
Ser Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110 Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser
Ser 115 209121PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 209Gln Val
Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ser1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Lys Asp Tyr 20
25 30 Thr Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp
Met 35 40 45 Gly Gly Ile Tyr Pro Asn Asn Gly Gly Ser Thr Tyr Asn
Gln Asn Phe 50 55 60 Lys Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Ala Asp Lys Ser
Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu
Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Met Gly Tyr His Gly
Pro His Leu Asp Phe Asp Val Trp Gly 100 105 110 Gln Gly Thr Thr Val
Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 210108PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 210Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala
Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Lys Ala Ser Gln
Asp Val Gly Ala Ala 20 25 30 Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly
Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg His
Thr Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr
Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe
Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Ile Asn Tyr Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr
Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg 100 105
211108PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 211Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Lys Ala Ser Gln Asp Val Gly Ala Ala 20 25 30
Val Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg His Thr Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Gly Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr
Ile Asn Tyr Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys Arg 100 105 212121PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
212Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ser1
5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Lys Asp
Tyr 20 25 30 Thr Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu
Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Gly Ile Tyr Pro Asn Asn Gly Gly Ser Thr
Tyr Asn Gln Asn Phe 50 55 60 Lys Asp Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Ala Asp
Lys Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg
Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Met Gly Tyr
His Gly Pro His Leu Asp Phe Asp Val Trp Gly 100 105 110 Gln Gly Thr
Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 213121PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 213Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala
Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ser1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys
Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Lys Asp Tyr 20 25 30 Thr Met His Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Gly Gly Ile
Tyr Pro Asn Asn Gly Gly Ser Thr Tyr Asn Gln Asn Phe 50 55 60 Lys
Asp Arg Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75
80 Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Ala Arg Met Gly Tyr His Gly Pro His Leu Asp Phe Asp Val
Trp Gly 100 105 110 Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120
214108PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 214Asp Ile Gln Met
Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg
Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Ser Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Val Leu Ile 35
40 45 Tyr Phe Thr Ser Ser Leu His Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser
Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser
Leu Gln Pro65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr
Ser Thr Val Pro Trp 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu
Ile Lys Arg 100 105 215123PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct
215Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly1
5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asn
Tyr 20 25 30 Gly Met Asn Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu
Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Gly Trp Ile Asn Thr Tyr Thr Gly Glu Pro Thr
Tyr Ala Ala Asp Phe 50 55 60 Lys Arg Arg Phe Thr Phe Ser Leu Asp
Thr Ser Lys Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg
Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95 Ala Lys Tyr Pro His Tyr Tyr Gly Ser Ser His Trp Tyr Phe
Asp Val 100 105 110 Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
120 21610PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 216Gly Tyr Thr
Phe Thr Asn Tyr Gly Met Asn1 5 10 21717PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 217Trp Ile Asn Thr Tyr Thr Gly Glu Pro
Thr Tyr Ala Ala Asp Phe Lys1 5 10 15 Arg21814PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 218Tyr Pro His Tyr Tyr Gly Ser Ser His
Trp Tyr Phe Asp Val1 5 10 21911PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 219Ser Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Tyr Leu Asn1 5 10
2207PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 220Phe Thr Ser Ser
Leu His Ser1 5 2219PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 221Gln
Gln Tyr Ser Thr Val Pro Trp Thr1 5 22225PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 222Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly
Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala
Ala Ser 20 25 22313PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 223Trp
Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val1 5 10
22430PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 224Arg Phe Thr Ile
Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr Leu Gln1 5 10 15 Met Asn
Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 20 25 30
22511PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 225Trp Gly Gln Gly
Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser1 5 10 22623PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 226Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser
Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys 20
22715PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 227Trp Tyr Gln Gln
Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr1 5 10 15
22832PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 228Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr1 5 10 15 Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys 20 25 30
22910PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 229Phe Gly Gln Gly
Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys1 5 10 23017PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 230Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Ala Ala Ala Ala Ser Tyr Asn Gln
Lys Phe Arg1 5 10 15 Glu2318PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
Construct 231Ala Pro Arg Trp Ala Ala Ala Ala1 5 2329PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic Construct 232Gln Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr1
5 233117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 233Glu Val Gln
Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser
Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25
30 Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln
Lys Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Thr
Ser Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp
Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe
Ser Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
234117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic Construct 234Glu Val Gln Leu
Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala1 5 10 15 Ser Val
Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Ser 20 25 30
Tyr Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35
40 45 Gly Asp Met Tyr Pro Asp Asn Gly Asp Ser Ser Tyr Asn Gln Lys
Phe 50 55 60 Arg Glu Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser
Thr Ala Tyr65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr
Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Val Leu Ala Pro Arg Trp Tyr Phe Ser
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu 100 105 110 Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
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