U.S. patent application number 15/212997 was filed with the patent office on 2016-12-29 for solid pharmaceutical compositions for treating hcv.
This patent application is currently assigned to AbbVie Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is AbbVie Inc.. Invention is credited to Katharina Asmus, Yi Gao, Colleen Garrett, Harald Hach, Adivaraha Jayasankar, Ute Lander, Thomas Mueller, Marius Naris, Constanze Obermiller, Regina Reul, Kyeremateng Samuel, Katrin Schneider, Nancy Sever, Michael Simon, Benedikt Steitz, Ping Tong, Ulrich Westedt, Donghua Zhu.
Application Number | 20160375017 15/212997 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 57600842 |
Filed Date | 2016-12-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160375017 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Asmus; Katharina ; et
al. |
December 29, 2016 |
Solid Pharmaceutical Compositions for Treating HCV
Abstract
The present invention features solid pharmaceutical compositions
comprising Compound 1 and Compound 2. In one embodiment, the solid
pharmaceutical composition includes (1) a first layer which
comprises 100 mg Compound 1, as well as a pharmaceutically
acceptable hydrophilic polymer and a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant, all of which are formulated in amorphous solid
dispersion; and (2) a second layer which comprises 40 mg Compound
2, as well as a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and
a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant, all of which are
formulated in amorphous solid dispersion.
Inventors: |
Asmus; Katharina; (Neustadt
a.d.w., DE) ; Gao; Yi; (Vernon Hills, IL) ;
Garrett; Colleen; (Chicago, IL) ; Hach; Harald;
(Oberotterbach, DE) ; Jayasankar; Adivaraha;
(Naperville, IL) ; Samuel; Kyeremateng; (Mannheim,
DE) ; Lander; Ute; (Dannenfels, DE) ; Mueller;
Thomas; (Wiesbaden, DE) ; Naris; Marius;
(Downers Grove, IL) ; Obermiller; Constanze;
(Heidelberg, DE) ; Reul; Regina; (Mannheim,
DE) ; Schneider; Katrin; (Mannheim, DE) ;
Sever; Nancy; (Northbrook, IL) ; Simon; Michael;
(Landau, DE) ; Steitz; Benedikt; (Kallstadt,
DE) ; Tong; Ping; (Potomoc, MD) ; Westedt;
Ulrich; (Schriesheim, DE) ; Zhu; Donghua;
(Vernon Hills, IL) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
AbbVie Inc. |
North Chicago |
IL |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
AbbVie Inc.
North Chicago
IL
|
Family ID: |
57600842 |
Appl. No.: |
15/212997 |
Filed: |
July 18, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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15192211 |
Jun 24, 2016 |
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15212997 |
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62185145 |
Jun 26, 2015 |
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62186154 |
Jun 29, 2015 |
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62193639 |
Jul 17, 2015 |
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62295309 |
Feb 15, 2016 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
424/472 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 9/146 20130101;
A61K 31/498 20130101; A61K 31/454 20130101; A61K 31/4985 20130101;
A61K 9/209 20130101; A61K 31/4985 20130101; A61K 2300/00 20130101;
A61K 2300/00 20130101; A61K 31/454 20130101; A61K 9/2027
20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61K 31/498 20060101
A61K031/498; A61K 9/20 20060101 A61K009/20; A61K 9/24 20060101
A61K009/24; A61K 31/454 20060101 A61K031/454; A61K 9/10 20060101
A61K009/10 |
Claims
1. A solid pharmaceutical composition comprising: (1) 100 mg
Compound 1 ##STR00003## formulated in amorphous solid dispersion
which further comprises from 50% to 80% by weight of a first
pharmaceutically acceptable polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of
a first pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and (2) 40 mg
Compound 2 ##STR00004## formulated in amorphous solid dispersion
which further comprises from 50% to 90% by weight of a second
pharmaceutically acceptable polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of
a second pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant, wherein the
composition has the following in vitro release profile: when the
composition is dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a
standard USP dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker
operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 80% of Compound 1 in
the composition is released within 3 hours and at least 80% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 3 hours, wherein
the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1%
Polysorbate 80.
2. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein when
the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL of the dissolution medium
according to claim 1 using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus 2
(paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree. C.,
at least 90% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within 3
hours and at least 90% of Compound 2 in the composition is released
within 3 hours.
3. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein when
the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL the dissolution medium
according to claim 1 using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus 2
(paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree. C.,
at least 75% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within
105 minutes and at least 80% of Compound 2 in the composition is
released within 105 minutes.
4. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein when
the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL of the dissolution medium
according to claim 1 using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus 2
(paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree. C.,
75-100% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within 105
minutes and 80-100% of Compound 2 in the composition is released
within 105 minutes.
5. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the
amorphous solid dispersion in which Compound 1 is formulated
comprises 20% by weight of Compound 1, and the amorphous solid
dispersion in which Compound 2 is formulated comprises 10% by
weight of Compound 2.
6. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 5, where the
composition is a tablet comprising (1) a first layer including said
100 mg Compound 1 and (2) a second layer including said 40 mg
Compound 2.
7. The solid pharmaceutical of claim 6, wherein said first and
second polymers are copovidone, and said first and second
surfactants are Vitamin E TPGS.
8. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein said
first and second polymers are copovidone, and said first surfactant
is Vitamin E TPGS, and said second surfactant is a combination of
Vitamin E TPGS and propylene glycol monocaprylate.
9. A solid pharmaceutical composition comprising: (1) 100 mg
Compound 1 formulated in amorphous solid dispersion which further
comprises from 50% to 80% by weight of a first pharmaceutically
acceptable polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of a first
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and (2) 40 mg Compound 2
formulated in amorphous solid dispersion which further comprises
from 50% to 90% by weight of a second pharmaceutically acceptable
polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of a second pharmaceutically
acceptable surfactant, wherein the composition has the following in
vitro release profile: when the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL
of a dissolution medium using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus
2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree.
C., at least 30% of Compound 1 in the composition is released
within 50 minutes and at least 45% of Compound 2 in the composition
is released within 50 minutes, wherein the dissolution medium is
0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
10. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein when
the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL of the dissolution medium
according to claim 9 using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus 2
(paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree. C.,
30-60% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within 50
minutes and 45-80% of Compound 2 in the composition is released
within 50 minutes.
11. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the
amorphous solid dispersion in which Compound 1 is formulated
comprises 20% by weight of Compound 1, and the amorphous solid
dispersion in which Compound 2 is formulated comprises 10% by
weight of Compound 2.
12. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 11, where the
composition is a tablet comprising (1) a first layer including said
100 mg Compound 1 and (2) a second layer including said 40 mg
Compound 2.
13. The solid pharmaceutical of claim 12, wherein said first and
second polymers are copovidone, and said first and second
surfactants are Vitamin E TPGS.
14. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 12, wherein said
first and second polymers are copovidone, and said first surfactant
is Vitamin E TPGS, and said second surfactant is a combination of
Vitamin E TPGS and propylene glycol monocaprylate.
15. A solid pharmaceutical composition comprising: (1) 100 mg
Compound 1 formulated in amorphous solid dispersion which further
comprises from 50% to 80% by weight of a first pharmaceutically
acceptable polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of a first
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and (2) 40 mg Compound 2
formulated in amorphous solid dispersion which further comprises
from 50% to 90% by weight of a second pharmaceutically acceptable
polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of a second pharmaceutically
acceptable surfactant, wherein the composition has the following in
vitro release profile: when the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL
of a dissolution medium using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus
2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree.
C., at least 5% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within
25 minutes and at least 10% of Compound 2 in the composition is
released within 25 minutes, wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M
Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
16. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 15, wherein when
the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL of the dissolution medium
according to claim 15 using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus 2
(paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree. C.,
5-30% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within 25
minutes and 10-40% of Compound 2 in the composition is released
within 25 minutes.
17. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 15, wherein the
amorphous solid dispersion in which Compound 1 is formulated
comprises 20% by weight of Compound 1, and the amorphous solid
dispersion in which Compound 2 is formulated comprises 10% by
weight of Compound 2.
18. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 17, where the
composition is a tablet that comprising (1) a first layer including
said 100 mg Compound 1 and (2) a second layer including said 40 mg
Compound 2.
19. The solid pharmaceutical of claim 18, wherein said first and
second polymers are copovidone, and said first and second
surfactants are Vitamin E TPGS.
20. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 18, wherein said
first and second polymers are copovidone, and said first surfactant
is Vitamin E TPGS, and said second surfactant is a combination of
Vitamin E TPGS and propylene glycol monocaprylate.
21. A solid pharmaceutical composition comprising: (1) 100 mg
Compound 1 formulated in amorphous solid dispersion which further
comprises from 50% to 80% by weight of a first pharmaceutically
acceptable polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of a first
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and (2) 40 mg Compound 2
formulated in amorphous solid dispersion which further comprises
from 50% to 90% by weight of a second pharmaceutically acceptable
polymer and from 5% to 15% by weight of a second pharmaceutically
acceptable surfactant, wherein the composition has the following in
vitro release profile: when the composition is dissolved in 1000 mL
of a dissolution medium using a standard USP dissolution Apparatus
2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at 75 RPM at 37.degree.
C., 5-30% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within 25
minutes and 10-40% of Compound 2 in the composition is released
within 25 minutes, 30-60% of Compound 1 in the composition is
released within 50 minutes and 45-80% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 50 minutes, 75-100% of Compound 1 in
the composition is released within 105 minutes and 80-100% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 105 minutes,
wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0)
with 1% Polysorbate 80.
22. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 21, wherein the
amorphous solid dispersion in which Compound 1 is formulated
comprises 20% by weight of Compound 1, and the amorphous solid
dispersion in which Compound 2 is formulated comprises 10% by
weight of Compound 2.
23. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 22, where the
composition is a tablet that comprising (1) a first layer including
said 100 mg Compound 1 and (2) a second layer including said 40 mg
Compound 2.
24. The solid pharmaceutical of claim 23, wherein said first and
second polymers are copovidone, and said first and second
surfactants are Vitamin E TPGS.
25. The solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 23, wherein said
first and second polymers are copovidone, and said first surfactant
is Vitamin E TPGS, and said second surfactant is a combination of
Vitamin E TPGS and propylene glycol monocaprylate.
26. A method of treating hepatitis C virus (HCV), comprising
administering a solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 to a
patient in need thereof
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the composition is administered
to the patient with food to improve bioavailability of Compound 1
and Compound 2 in the patient.
28. A process of making a solid pharmaceutical composition of claim
1, comprising milling crystalline Compound 2 into particles with a
median particle size (D50) of no more than 15 .mu.m before
formulating Compound 2 into amorphous solid dispersion.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to solid pharmaceutical
compositions comprising anti-HCV compounds and methods of using the
same for treating HCV infection.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus belonging to the
Hepacivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family. The enveloped HCV
virion contains a positive stranded RNA genome encoding all known
virus-specific proteins in a single, uninterrupted, open reading
frame. The open reading frame comprises approximately 9500
nucleotides and encodes a single large polyprotein of about 3000
amino acids. The polyprotein comprises a core protein, envelope
proteins E1 and E2, a membrane bound protein p7, and the
non-structural proteins NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B.
[0003] Chronic HCV infection is associated with progressive liver
pathology, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Chronic hepatitis C may be treated with peginterferon-alpha in
combination with ribavirin. Substantial limitations to efficacy and
tolerability remain as many users suffer from side effects, and
viral elimination from the body is often incomplete. Therefore,
there is a need for new drugs to treat HCV infection.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0004] The present invention features solid pharmaceutical
compositions useful for treating HCV. These solid pharmaceutical
compositions comprise:
##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, formulated in
amorphous solid dispersion, and
##STR00002##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, formulated in
amorphous solid dispersion.
[0005] Compound 1 is a potent HCV protease inhibitor and is
described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0070416,
which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Compound
2 is a potent NS5A inhibitor and is described in U.S. Patent
Application Publication No. 2012/0220562, which is incorporated
herein by reference in its entirety.
[0006] In one embodiment, Compound 1 and Compound 2 are separately
formulated in different amorphous solid dispersions. These solid
dispersions are then milled and/or mixed with other excipients, to
form a solid pharmaceutical composition that contains both Compound
1 and Compound 2.
[0007] In another embodiment, Compound 1 and Compound 2 are
separately formulated in different amorphous solid dispersions. The
solid dispersion comprising Compound 1 is milled and/or mixed with
other excipients, and then compressed into a first layer of a
tablet; and the solid dispersion comprising Compound 2 is likewise
milled and/or mixed with other excipients, and compressed into a
second layer of the same tablet.
[0008] In another embodiment, Compound 1 and Compound 2 are
separately formulated in different amorphous solid dispersions. The
solid dispersion comprising Compound 1 is milled and/or mixed with
other excipients, and then compressed into mini-tablets, and each
mini-tablet is no more than 5 mm in size. The solid dispersion
comprising Compound 2 is likewise milled and/or mixed with other
excipients, and compressed into mini-tablets, and each mini-tablet
is no more than 5 mm in size. The mini-tablets containing Compound
1 are then mixed with the mini-tablets containing Compound 2, to
provide the desired dosing for Compound 1 and Compound 2.
[0009] In another embodiment, Compound 1 and Compound 2 are
separately formulated in different amorphous solid dispersions. The
solid dispersion comprising Compound 1 is milled and/or mixed with
other excipients, and then compressed into mini-tablets, and each
mini-tablet is no more than 3 mm in size. The solid dispersion
comprising Compound 2 is likewise milled and/or mixed with other
excipients, and compressed into mini-tablets, and each mini-tablet
is no more than 3 mm in size. The mini-tablets containing Compound
1 are then mixed with the mini-tablets containing Compound 2, to
provide the desired dosing for Compound 1 and Compound 2.
[0010] In another embodiment, Compound 1 and Compound 2 are
separately formulated in different amorphous solid dispersions. The
solid dispersion comprising Compound 1 is milled and/or mixed with
other excipients, and then compressed into mini-tablets, and each
mini-tablet is no more than 2 mm in size. The solid dispersion
comprising Compound 2 is likewise milled and/or mixed with other
excipients, and compressed into mini-tablets, and each mini-tablet
is no more than 2 mm in size. The mini-tablets containing Compound
1 are then mixed with the mini-tablets containing Compound 2, to
provide the desired dosing for Compound 1 and Compound 2.
[0011] In yet another embodiment, Compound 1 and Compound 2 are
formulated in the same amorphous solid dispersion. The solid
dispersion is milled and/or mixed with other excipients, to provide
a solid pharmaceutical dosage form that contains both Compound 1
and Compound 2.
[0012] In still another embodiment, Compound 1 and Compound 2 are
formulated in the same amorphous solid dispersion. The solid
dispersion is milled and/or mixed with other excipients, and then
compressed into a tablet.
[0013] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0014] (1) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, formulated in a first amorphous solid dispersion, wherein
the first amorphous solid dispersion further comprises a
pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and a
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and
[0015] (2) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, formulated in a second amorphous solid dispersion, wherein
the second amorphous solid dispersion further comprises a
pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and a
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0016] In yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention is a tablet which comprises:
[0017] (1) a first layer comprising a first amorphous solid
dispersion, wherein the first amorphous solid dispersion comprises
(i) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, (ii)
a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and
[0018] (2) a second layer comprising a second amorphous solid
dispersion, wherein the second amorphous solid dispersion comprises
(i) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, (ii)
a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0019] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0020] (1) 100 mg Compound 1 formulated in amorphous solid
dispersion which further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant;
and
[0021] (2) 40 mg Compound 2 formulated in amorphous solid
dispersion which further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant.
[0022] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0023] (1) 100 mg Compound 1 formulated in amorphous solid
dispersion which further comprises copovidone and Vitamin E
polyethylene glycol succinate (Vitamin E TPGS); and
[0024] (2) 40 mg Compound 2 formulated in amorphous solid
dispersion which further comprises copovidone and Vitamin E
TPGS.
[0025] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0026] (1) 100 mg Compound 1 formulated in amorphous solid
dispersion which further comprises copovidone and Vitamin E TPGS;
and
[0027] (2) 40 mg Compound 2 formulated in amorphous solid
dispersion which further comprises copovidone, Vitamin E TPGS and
propylene glycol monocaprylate.
[0028] In yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention is a tablet which comprises:
[0029] (1) a first layer which comprises 100 mg Compound 1, as well
as a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and a
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant, all of which are formulated
in amorphous solid dispersion; and
[0030] (2) a second layer which comprises 40 mg Compound 2, as well
as a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and a
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant, all of which are formulated
in amorphous solid dispersion.
[0031] In yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention is a tablet which comprises:
[0032] (1) a first layer which comprises 100 mg Compound 1, as well
as copovidone and Vitamin E TPGS, all of which are formulated in
amorphous solid dispersion; and
[0033] (2) a second layer which comprises 40 mg Compound 2, as well
as copovidone and Vitamin E TPGS, all of which are formulated in
amorphous solid dispersion.
[0034] In yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention is a tablet which comprises:
[0035] (1) a first layer which comprises 100 mg Compound 1, as well
as copovidone and Vitamin E TPGS, all of which are formulated in
amorphous solid dispersion; and
[0036] (2) a second layer which comprises 40 mg Compound 2, as well
as copovidone, Vitamin E TPGS and propylene glycol monocaprylate,
all of which are formulated in amorphous solid dispersion.
[0037] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0038] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and
[0039] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0040] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0041] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and
[0042] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0043] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0044] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and
[0045] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer and
(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0046] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0047] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant, and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in
the first type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0048] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant, and wherein the total amount of Compound 2 comprised in
the second type of mini-tablets is 40 mg.
[0049] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0050] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant, and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in
the first type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0051] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant, and wherein the total amount of Compound 2 comprised in
the second type of mini-tablets is 40 mg.
[0052] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0053] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant, and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in
the first type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0054] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant, and wherein the total amount of Compound 2 comprised in
the second type of mini-tablets is 40 mg.
[0055] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0056] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in the first
type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0057] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 2 comprised in the second
type of mini-tablets is 40 mg.
[0058] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0059] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in the first
type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0060] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 2 comprised in the second
type of mini-tablets is 40 mg.
[0061] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0062] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in the first
type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0063] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 2 comprised in the second
type of mini-tablets is 40 mg.
[0064] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0065] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in the first
type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0066] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 5 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS
and propylene glycol monocaprylate, and wherein the total amount of
Compound 2 comprised in the second type of mini-tablets is 40
mg.
[0067] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0068] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in the first
type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0069] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 3 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS
and propylene glycol monocaprylate, and wherein the total amount of
Compound 2 comprised in the second type of mini-tablets is 40
mg.
[0070] In a yet another embodiment, a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention comprises:
[0071] (1) a first type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 1, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS,
and wherein the total amount of Compound 1 comprised in the first
type of mini-tablets is 100 mg; and
[0072] (2) a second type of mini-tablets, each of which is no more
than 2 mm in size and comprises an amorphous solid dispersion
including (i) Compound 2, (ii) copovidone and (iii) Vitamin E TPGS
and propylene glycol monocaprylate, and wherein the total amount of
Compound 2 comprised in the second type of mini-tablets is 40
mg.
[0073] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention, the total weight of Compound 1 in
amorphous solid dispersion ranges from 10% to 40% by weight
relative to the total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion.
More preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the total weight of Compound 1 in
amorphous solid dispersion ranges from 15% to 30% by weight
relative to the total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion.
Highly preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention, the total weight of Compound 1 in
amorphous solid dispersion is 20% by weight relative to the total
weight of the amorphous solid dispersion.
[0074] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention, the total weight of Compound 2 in
amorphous solid dispersion ranges from 5% to 20% by weight relative
to the total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion. More
preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the total weight of Compound 2 in
amorphous solid dispersion is 10% by weight relative to the total
weight of the amorphous solid dispersion.
[0075] More preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention, the total weight of
Compound 1 in amorphous solid dispersion ranges from 15% to 30% by
weight relative to the total weight of the amorphous solid
dispersion. And the total weight of Compound 2 in amorphous solid
dispersion ranges from 5% to 15% by weight relative to the total
weight of the amorphous solid dispersion.
[0076] Highly preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention, the total weight of
Compound 1 in amorphous solid dispersion is 20% by weight relative
to the total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion. And the
total weight of Compound 2 in amorphous solid dispersion is 10% by
weight relative to the total weight of the amorphous solid
dispersion.
[0077] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention, the amorphous solid dispersion
can comprise from 50% to 80% by weight, relative to the total
weight of the amorphous solid dispersion, of a pharmaceutically
acceptable hydrophilic polymer, and from 5% to 15% by weight,
relative to the total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion, of
a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0078] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention, the amorphous solid dispersion
can comprise from 50% to 90% by weight, relative to the total
weight of the amorphous solid dispersion, of a pharmaceutically
acceptable hydrophilic polymer, and from 5% to 15% by weight,
relative to the total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion, of
a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0079] Also preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention, the amorphous solid
dispersion can comprise from 60% to 80% by weight, relative to the
total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion, of a
pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer, and 10% by weight,
relative to the total weight of the amorphous solid dispersion, of
a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0080] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer can have a T.sub.g of at least 50.degree. C.;
preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer has
a T.sub.g of at least 80.degree. C.; more preferably, the
pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer has a T.sub.g of at
least 100.degree. C. For example, the pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer can have a T.sub.g of from 80.degree. C. to
180.degree. C., or from 100.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.
[0081] Preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic
polymer employed in the present invention is water-soluble. A solid
pharmaceutical composition of the invention can also comprise
poorly water-soluble or water-insoluble polymers, such as
cross-linked polymers. The pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic
polymer comprised in a solid pharmaceutical composition of the
invention preferably has an apparent viscosity, when dissolved at
20.degree. C. in an aqueous solution at 2% (w/v), of 1 to 5000
mPas., and more preferably of 1 to 700 mPas, and most preferably of
5 to 100 mPas.
[0082] In any aspect, embodiment, example and composition of the
invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer can
be selected from homopolymer of N-vinyl lactam, copolymer of
N-vinyl lactam, cellulose ester, cellulose ether, polyalkylene
oxide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl
alcohol, vinyl acetate polymer, oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, or
combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of suitable hydrophilic
polymers include homopolymer of N-vinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of
N-vinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl
acetate, copolymer of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl propionate,
polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose,
hydroxyalkylcellulo se s, hydroxypropylcellulo se,
hydroxyalkylalkylcellulo se, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose,
cellulose phthalate, cellulose succinate, cellulose acetate
phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate,
hydroxypropylmethylcellulo se succinate,
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, polyethylene oxide,
polypropylene oxide, copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene
oxide, methacrylic acid/ethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylic
acid/methyl methacrylate copolymer, butyl
methacrylate/2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer,
poly(hydroxyalkyl acrylate), poly(hydroxyalkyl methacrylate),
copolymer of vinyl acetate and crotonic acid, partially hydrolyzed
polyvinyl acetate, carrageenan, galactomannan, xanthan gum, or
combinations thereof.
[0083] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention, the polymer is copovidone.
[0084] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant can have an HLB value of at least 10. Surfactants having
an HLB value of less than 10 can also be used.
[0085] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant can be selected from polyoxyethylene castor oil
derivates, mono fatty acid ester of polyoxyethylene sorbitan,
polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether,
polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, alkylene glycol fatty acid
mono ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid mono
ester, or combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of suitable
surfactants include polyoxyethyleneglycerol triricinoleate or
polyoxyl 35 castor oil (Cremophor.RTM. EL; BASF Corp.) or
polyoxyethyleneglycerol oxystearate such as polyethylenglycol 40
hydrogenated castor oil (Cremophor.RTM. RH 40, also known as
polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil or macrogolglycerol
hydroxystearate) or polyethylenglycol 60 hydrogenated castor oil
(Cremophor.RTM. RH 60), mono fatty acid ester of polyoxyethylene
sorbitan, such as mono fatty acid ester of polyoxyethylene (20)
sorbitan, e.g. polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween.RTM.
80), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (Tween.RTM. 60),
polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate (Tween.RTM. 40) or
polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (Tween.RTM. 20),
polyoxyethylene (3) lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene (5) cetyl ether,
polyoxyethylene (2) stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene (5) stearyl
ether, polyoxyethylene (2) nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene (3)
nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene (4) nonylphenyl ether,
polyoxyethylene (3) octylphenyl ether, PEG-200 monolaurate, PEG-200
dilaurate, PEG-300 dilaurate, PEG-400 dilaurate, PEG-300
distearate, PEG-300 dioleate, propylene glycol monolaurate (e.g.,
Lauroglycol), sucrose monostearate, sucrose distearate, sucrose
monolaurate, sucrose dilaurate, sorbitan mono laurate, sorbitan
monooleate, sorbitan monopalnitate, sorbitan stearate, or
combinations thereof
[0086] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable
surfactant is or includes D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol
1000 succinate (vitamin E TPGS).
[0087] Also preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention, the pharmaceutically
acceptable surfactant used in the amorphous solid dispersion
comprising Compound 2 is or includes a combination of Vitamin E
TPGS and propylene glycol monocaprylate.
[0088] Highly preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention, the pharmaceutically
acceptable hydrophilic polymer is copovidone, and the
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant is or includes vitamin E
TPGS.
[0089] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the amorphous solid dispersion
preferably comprises or consists of a single-phase (defined in
thermodynamics) in which Compound 1 or Compound 2 is amorphously
dispersed in a matrix containing the pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer and the pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
Thermal analysis of the amorphous solid dispersion using
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) typically shows only one
single T.sub.g, and the amorphous solid dispersion typically does
not contain any detectable crystalline compound as measured by
X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy.
[0090] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the solid pharmaceutical composition
of the invention can be a tablet.
[0091] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the solid pharmaceutical composition
of the invention can be a mixture of mini-tablets.
[0092] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the solid pharmaceutical composition
of the invention can be prepared into other suitable dosage forms,
such as capsule, dragee, granule, or powder.
[0093] In any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, the solid pharmaceutical composition
of the invention is administered to a HCV patient with food to
treat HCV. Administration with food can significantly improve the
bioavailability of Compound 1 and Compound 2 in the patient when
delivered using the solid pharmaceutical composition of the
invention.
[0094] A solid pharmaceutical composition of the invention can
further comprise another anti-HCV agent, for example, an agent
selected from HCV helicase inhibitors, HCV polymerase inhibitors,
HCV protease inhibitors, HCV NS5A inhibitors, CD81 inhibitors,
cyclophilin inhibitors, or internal ribosome entry site (IRES)
inhibitors.
[0095] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 80% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 3 hours and at least 80% of Compound
2 in the composition is released within 3 hours, wherein the
dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1%
Polysorbate 80.
[0096] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 90% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 3 hours and at least 90% of Compound
2 in the composition is released within 3 hours, wherein the
dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1%
Polysorbate 80.
[0097] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 75% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 105 minutes and at least 80% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 105 minutes,
wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0)
with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0098] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 80% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 100 minutes and at least 80% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 100 minutes,
wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0)
with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0099] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 40% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 50 minutes and at least 50% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 50 minutes,
wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0)
with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0100] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 30% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 50 minutes and at least 45% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 50 minutes,
wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0)
with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0101] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 10% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 25 minutes and at least 20% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 25 minutes,
wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0)
with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0102] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., at least 5% of Compound 1 in the
composition is released within 25 minutes and at least 10% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 25 minutes,
wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0)
with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0103] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 80-100% of Compound 1 in the composition
is released within 3 hours and at least 80-100% of Compound 2 in
the composition is released within 3 hours, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0104] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 90-100% of Compound 1 in the composition
is released within 3 hours and at least 90-100% of Compound 2 in
the composition is released within 3 hours, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0105] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 75-100% of Compound 1 in the composition
is released within 105 minutes and 80-100% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 105 minutes, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0106] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 80-100% of Compound 1 in the composition
is released within 100 minutes and 85-100% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 100 minutes, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0107] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 40-60% of Compound 1 in the composition is
released within 50 minutes and 50-80% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 50 minutes, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0108] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 30-60% of Compound 1 in the composition is
released within 50 minutes and 45-80% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 50 minutes, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0109] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 10-30% of Compound 1 in the composition is
released within 25 minutes and 20-40% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 25 minutes, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0110] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 5-30% of Compound 1 in the composition is
released within 25 minutes and 10-40% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 25 minutes, wherein the dissolution
medium is 0.1 M Acetate buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0111] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 10-30% of Compound 1 in the composition is
released within 25 minutes and 20-40% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 25 minutes, 40-60% of Compound 1 in
the composition is released within 50 minutes and 50-80% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 50 minutes,
80-100% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within 100
minutes and 85-100% of Compound 2 in the composition is released
within 100 minutes, wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate
buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0112] Any composition of the invention, as described or
contemplated herein (e.g., the compositions described in Examples 1
and 2), preferably has the following in vitro release profile: when
dissolved in 1000 mL of a dissolution medium using a standard USP
dissolution Apparatus 2 (paddle) with Japanese sinker operating at
75 RPM at 37.degree. C., 5-30% of Compound 1 in the composition is
released within 25 minutes and 10-40% of Compound 2 in the
composition is released within 25 minutes, 30-60% of Compound 1 in
the composition is released within 50 minutes and 45-80% of
Compound 2 in the composition is released within 50 minutes,
75-100% of Compound 1 in the composition is released within 105
minutes and 80-100% of Compound 2 in the composition is released
within 105 minutes, wherein the dissolution medium is 0.1 M Acetate
buffer (pH 4.0) with 1% Polysorbate 80.
[0113] In another aspect, the present invention features processes
of making a solid pharmaceutical composition of the invention. The
processes comprise (1) preparing a melt comprising a compound of
interest, a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer, and a
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant; and (2) solidifying said
melt. The solidified melt can comprise any amorphous solid
dispersion described or contemplated herein. As used herein, a
"compound of interest" refers to Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically
acceptable salt thereof, or Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically
acceptable salt thereof. The processes can further comprise milling
the solidified melt, followed by compressing the milled product
with one or more other excipients or ingredients (e.g., blending
the milled product with one or more other excipients or ingredients
and then compressing the blend mixture) to form a tablet, a
mini-tablet, or a layer in a tablet. These other excipients or
ingredients can include, for example, coloring agents, flavoring
agents, lubricants or preservatives. Film-coating can also be added
to the tablet or mini-tablet thus prepared.
[0114] In one embodiment, the melt is formed at a temperature of
from 150 to 180.degree. C. In another embodiment, the melt is
formed at a temperature of from 150 to 170.degree. C. In yet
another embodiment, the melt is formed at a temperature of from 150
to 160.degree. C. In yet another embodiment, the melt is formed at
a temperature of from 160 to 170.degree. C.
[0115] Any amorphous solid dispersion described or contemplated
herein, including any amorphous solid dispersion described or
contemplated in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention, can be prepared according to any
process described or contemplated herein.
[0116] In still another aspect, the present invention features
solid pharmaceutical compositions prepared according to a process
of the invention. Any process described or contemplated herein can
be used to prepare a solid pharmaceutical composition comprising a
compound of interest, a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic
polymer, and a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
[0117] The present invention further features methods of using a
solid pharmaceutical composition of the invention to treat HCV
infection. The methods comprise administering a solid
pharmaceutical composition of the invention to a patient in need
thereof The patient can be infected with HCV genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
or 6.
[0118] The amorphous solid dispersion employed in the present
invention can be prepared by a variety of techniques such as,
without limitation, melt-extrusion, spray-drying, co-precipitation,
freeze drying, or other solvent evaporation techniques, with
melt-extrusion and spray-drying being preferred. The melt-extrusion
process typically comprises the steps of preparing a melt which
includes the active ingredient(s), the pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer(s) and preferably the pharmaceutically
acceptable surfactant(s), and then cooling the melt until it
solidifies. "Melting" means a transition into a liquid or rubbery
state in which it is possible for one component to get embedded,
preferably homogeneously embedded, in the other component or
components. In many cases, the polymer component(s) will melt and
the other components including the active ingredient(s) and
surfactant(s) will dissolve in the melt thereby forming a solution.
Melting usually involves heating above the softening point of the
polymer(s). The preparation of the melt can take place in a variety
of ways. The mixing of the components can take place before, during
or after the formation of the melt. For example, the components can
be mixed first and then melted or be simultaneously mixed and
melted. The melt can also be homogenized in order to disperse the
active ingredient(s) efficiently. In addition, it may be convenient
first to melt the polymer(s) and then to mix in and homogenize the
active ingredient(s). In one example, all materials except
surfactant(s) are blended and fed into an extruder, while the
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant(s) is molten externally and
pumped in during extrusion.
[0119] To start a melt-extrusion process, the active ingredient(s)
(e.g., Compound 1 or Compound 2) can be employed in their solid
forms, such as their respective crystalline forms. The active
ingredient(s) can also be employed as a solution or dispersion in a
suitable liquid solvent such as alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons,
esters or, in some cases, liquid carbon dioxide. The solvent can be
removed, e.g. evaporated, upon preparation of the melt.
[0120] Various additives can also be included in the melt, for
example, flow regulators (e.g., colloidal silica), binders,
lubricants, fillers, disintegrants, plasticizers, colorants, or
stabilizers (e.g., antioxidants, light stabilizers, radical
scavengers, and stabilizers against microbial attack).
[0121] The melting and/or mixing can take place in an apparatus
customary for this purpose. Particularly suitable ones are
extruders or kneaders. Suitable extruders include single screw
extruders, intermeshing screw extruders or multiscrew extruders,
preferably twin screw extruders, which can be corotating or
counterrotating and, optionally, be equipped with kneading disks.
It will be appreciated that the working temperatures will be
determined by the kind of extruder or the kind of configuration
within the extruder that is used. Part of the energy needed to
melt, mix and dissolve the components in the extruder can be
provided by heating elements. However, the friction and shearing of
the material in the extruder may also provide a substantial amount
of energy to the mixture and aid in the formation of a homogeneous
melt of the components.
[0122] The melt can range from thin to pasty to viscous. Shaping of
the extrudate can be conveniently carried out by a calender with
two counter-rotating rollers with mutually matching depressions on
their surface. The extrudate can be cooled and allowed to solidify.
The extrudate can also be cut into pieces, either before (hot-cut)
or after solidification (cold-cut).
[0123] The solidified extrusion product can be further milled,
ground or otherwise reduced to granules. The solidified extrudate,
as well as each granule produced, comprises a solid dispersion,
preferably a solid solution, of the active ingredient(s) in a
matrix comprised of the pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic
polymer(s) and the pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant(s). The
extrusion product can also be blended with other active
ingredient(s) and/or additive(s) before being milled or ground to
granules. The granules can be further processed into suitable solid
oral dosage forms.
[0124] In one example, copovidone and one or more surfactants
(e.g., vitamin E TPGS) are mixed and granulated, followed by the
addition of aerosil and a compound of interest. The mixture is
milled, and then subject to extrusion. The extrudate thus produced
can be milled and sieved for further processing to make capsules or
tablets or mini-tablets. Surfactant(s) employed in this example can
be added, for example, through liquid dosing during extrusion.
[0125] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention where Compound 1 and Compound 2
are comprised in separate layers in a tablet, Compound 1 is
melt-extruded at a temperature of from 155 to 180.degree. C., and
Compound 2 is melt-extruded at a temperature of from 150 to
195.degree. C. For these cases, Compound 2 can also be
melt-extruded at a temperature of from 150 to less than 222.degree.
C.
[0126] The generation of an acceptable amorphous Compound 2
extrudate has been found difficult. For instance, the particle size
distribution (PSD) of the crystalline Compound 2 used for extrusion
was shown to have a significant impact on extrudate appearance: the
larger the particles the higher the risk to obtain a turbid
extrudate with residual crystallinity. Therefore, preferably, in
any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and composition of the
invention where Compound 1 and Compound 2 are comprised in separate
layers in a tablet, before melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound
2 is milled to particles with a median particle size (D50) of no
more than 15 .mu.m. More preferably, in any aspect, embodiment,
example, preference and composition of the invention where Compound
1 and Compound 2 are comprised in separate layers in a tablet,
before melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound 2 is milled to
particles with a median particle size (D50) of no more than 10
.mu.m. Highly preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention where Compound 1 and
Compound 2 are comprised in separate layers in a tablet, before
melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound 2 is milled to particles
with a median particle size of no more than 9 .mu.m.
[0127] Also, preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention where Compound 1 and
Compound 2 are comprised in separate layers in a tablet, before
melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound 2 is milled to particles
with a D90 of no more than 100 .mu.m. More preferably, in any
aspect, embodiment, example, preference and composition of the
invention where Compound 1 and Compound 2 are comprised in separate
layers in a tablet, before melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound
2 is milled to particles with a D90 of no more than 80 Highly
preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference and
composition of the invention where Compound 1 and Compound 2 are
comprised in separate layers in a tablet, before melt-extrusion,
the crystalline Compound 2 is milled to particles with a D90 of no
more than 60 .mu.m.
[0128] Preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example, preference
and composition of the invention where Compound 1 and Compound 2
are comprised in separate layers in a tablet, before
melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound 2 is milled to particles
with a D50 of no more than 15 .mu.m and a D90 of no more than 100
.mu.m. More preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention where Compound 1 and
Compound 2 are comprised in separate layers in a tablet, before
melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound 2 is milled to particles
with a D50 of no more than 10 .mu.m and a D90 of no more than 80
.mu.m. Highly preferably, in any aspect, embodiment, example,
preference and composition of the invention where Compound 1 and
Compound 2 are comprised in separate layers in a tablet, before
melt-extrusion, the crystalline Compound 2 is milled to particles
with a D50 of no more than 9 .mu.m and a D90 of no more than 60
.mu.m.
[0129] As used herein, particle size is measured by laser
diffraction with Mastersizer. D90 refers to the particle size below
which 90% of the particles exist.
[0130] The approach of solvent evaporation, via spray-drying,
provides the advantage of allowing for processability at lower
temperatures, if needed, and allows for other modifications to the
process in order to further improve powder properties. The
spray-dried powder can then be formulated further, if needed, and
final drug product is flexible with regards to whether capsule,
tablet, mini-tablet or any other solid dosage form is desired.
[0131] Exemplary spray-drying processes and spray-drying equipment
are described in K. Masters, SPRAY DRYING HANDBOOK (Halstead Press,
New York, 4.sup.th ed., 1985). Non-limiting examples of spray-
drying devices that are suitable for the present invention include
spray dryers manufactured by Niro Inc. or GEA Process Engineering
Inc., Buchi Labortechnik AG, and Spray Drying Systems, Inc. A
spray-drying process generally involves breaking up a liquid
mixture into small droplets and rapidly removing solvent from the
droplets in a container (spray drying apparatus) where there is a
strong driving force for evaporation of solvent from the droplets.
Atomization techniques include, for example, two-fluid or pressure
nozzles, or rotary atomizers. The strong driving force for solvent
evaporation can be provided, for example, by maintaining the
partial pressure of solvent in the spray drying apparatus well
below the vapor pressure of the solvent at the temperatures of the
drying droplets. This may be accomplished by either (1) maintaining
the pressure in the spray drying apparatus at a partial vacuum; (2)
mixing the liquid droplets with a warm drying gas (e.g., heated
nitrogen); or (3) both.
[0132] The temperature and flow rate of the drying gas, as well as
the spray dryer design, can be selected so that the droplets are
dry enough by the time they reach the wall of the apparatus. This
help to ensure that the dried droplets are essentially solid and
can form a fine powder and do not stick to the apparatus wall. The
spray-dried product can be collected by removing the material
manually, pneumatically, mechanically or by other suitable means.
The actual length of time to achieve the preferred level of dryness
depends on the size of the droplets, the formulation, and spray
dryer operation. Following the solidification, the solid powder may
stay in the spray drying chamber for additional time (e.g., 5-60
seconds) to further evaporate solvent from the solid powder. The
final solvent content in the solid dispersion as it exits the dryer
is preferably at a sufficiently low level so as to improve the
stability of the final product. For instance, the residual solvent
content of the spray-dried powder can be less than 2% by weight.
Highly preferably, the residual solvent content is within the
limits set forth in the International Conference on Harmonization
(ICH) Guidelines. In addition, it may be useful to subject the
spray-dried composition to further drying to lower the residual
solvent to even lower levels. Methods to further lower solvent
levels include, but are not limited to, fluid bed drying, infra-red
drying, tumble drying, vacuum drying, and combinations of these and
other processes.
[0133] Like the solid extrudate described above, the spray dried
product contains a solid dispersion, preferably a solid solution,
of the active ingredient(s) in a matrix comprised of the
pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer(s) and the
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant(s).
[0134] Before feeding into a spray dryer, the active ingredient(s)
(e.g., Compound 1 or Compound 2), the pharmaceutically acceptable
hydrophilic polymer(s), as well as other excipients such as the
pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant(s), can be dissolved in a
solvent. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to,
alkanols (e.g., methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol or
mixtures thereof), acetone, acetone/water, alkanol/water mixtures
(e.g., ethanol/water mixtures), or combinations thereof The
solution can also be preheated before being fed into the spray
dryer.
[0135] The solid dispersion produced by melt-extrusion,
spray-drying or other techniques can be prepared into any suitable
solid oral dosage forms. In one embodiment, the solid dispersion
prepared by melt-extrusion, spray-drying or other techniques (e.g.,
the extrudate or the spray-dried powder) can be compressed into
tablets or mini-tablets. The solid dispersion can be either
directly compressed, or milled or ground to granules or powders
before compression. Compression can be done in a tablet press, such
as in a steel die between two moving punches.
[0136] At least one additive selected from flow regulators,
binders, lubricants, fillers, disintegrants, or plasticizers may be
used in compressing the solid dispersion. These additives can be
mixed with ground or milled solid dispersion before compacting.
Disintegrants promote a rapid disintegration of the compact in the
stomach and keeps the liberated granules separate from one another.
Non-limiting examples of suitable disintegrants are cross-linked
polymers such as cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cross-linked
sodium carboxymethylcellulose or sodium croscarmellose.
Non-limiting examples of suitable fillers (also referred to as
bulking agents) are lactose monohydrate, calcium hydrogenphosphate,
microcrystalline cellulose (e.g., Avicell), silicates, in
particular silicium dioxide, magnesium oxide, talc, potato or corn
starch, isomalt, or polyvinyl alcohol. Non-limiting examples of
suitable flow regulators include highly dispersed silica (e.g.,
colloidal silica such as Aerosil), and animal or vegetable fats or
waxes. Non-limiting examples of suitable lubricants include
polyethylene glycol (e.g., having a molecular weight of from 1000
to 6000), magnesium and calcium stearates, sodium stearyl fumarate,
and the like.
[0137] Various other additives or ingredients may also be used in
preparing a solid composition of the present invention, for example
dyes such as azo dyes, organic or inorganic pigments such as
aluminium oxide or titanium dioxide, or dyes of natural origin;
stabilizers such as antioxidants, light stabilizers, radical
scavengers, stabilizers against microbial attack; or other active
pharmaceutical ingredients.
[0138] In order to facilitate the intake of a solid dosage form, it
is advantageous to give the dosage form an appropriate shape. Large
tablets that can be swallowed comfortably are therefore preferably
elongated rather than round in shape.
[0139] A film coat on the tablet further contributes to the ease
with which it can be swallowed. A film coat also improves taste and
provides an elegant appearance. The film-coat usually includes a
polymeric film-forming material such as polyvinyl alcohol,
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, and acrylate
or methacrylate copolymers. Besides a film-forming polymer, the
film-coat may further comprise a plasticizer, e.g. polyethylene
glycol, a surfactant, e.g. polysorbates, and optionally a pigment,
e.g. titanium dioxide or iron oxides. For instance, titanium
dioxide can be used as an opacifier; and/or iron oxide red can be
used as a colorant. The film-coating can also comprise a filler,
e.g., lactose. The film-coating may also comprise talc as
anti-adhesive. Preferably, the film coat accounts for less than 5%
by weight of a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
Higher amounts of the film coating can also be used.
[0140] All mini-tablets employed in the present invention can also
be film coated. Preferably, the film coat accounts for no more than
30% by weight of each mini-tablet. More preferably, the film coat
accounts for 10-20% by weight of each mini-tablet.
[0141] The present invention also unexpectedly found that in order
for the mini-tablets described herein to provide adequate
bioavailability similar to that of a regular tablet containing the
same amount of drug in the same solid dispersion formulation, the
mini-tablets need to be administered with food. Human clinical
studies showed that food can significantly increase bioavailability
of Compound 1 and Compound 2 formulated in mini-tablets and in
solid dispersion form. For instance, without food, mini-tablets
containing 200 mg Compound 1 provided an AUC that was 41% lower
than that provided by two regular tablets that contained the same
amount of Compound 1 in the same solid dispersion formulation as in
the mini-tablets. In comparison, when administered with food, the
mini-tablets provided an AUC that was only 5% lower than that
provided by the regular tablets. Likewise, when administered
without food, mini-tablets containing 120 mg Compound 2 provided an
AUC that was 28% lower than that provided by three regular tablets
that contained the same amount of Compound 2 in the same solid
dispersion formulation as in the mini-tablets; however, when
administered with food, the mini-tablets provided an AUC that was
6% higher than that provided by the regular tablets. All of the
reference AUCs of the regular tablets were measured under fasting
conditions.
[0142] Accordingly, the present invention features methods of
treating HCV infection, wherein the methods comprise administering
with food to a patient in need thereof a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention that contains mini-tablets, such that
the ratio of the Compound 1 AUC provided by the solid
pharmaceutical composition over the Compound 1 AUC provided by a
regular tablet comprising the same amount of Compound 1 in the same
solid dispersion formulation as in the solid pharmaceutical
composition is from 0.8 to 1.25, and the ratio of the Compound 2
AUC provided by the solid pharmaceutical composition over the
Compound 2 AUC provided by a regular tablet comprising the same
amount of Compound 2 in the same solid dispersion formulation as in
the solid pharmaceutical composition is from 0.8 to 1.25. All AUCs
are human AUCs, and all AUCs of the regular tablets are measured
when the regular tablets are administered under fasting condition.
Any composition described herein that contains mini-tablets can be
used in these methods. The patient can be infected with HCV
genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
[0143] In another aspect, the present invention features methods of
treating HCV infection, wherein the methods comprise administering
with food to a patient in need thereof a solid pharmaceutical
composition of the invention that contains mini-tablets, such that
the ratio of the Compound 1 AUC provided by the solid
pharmaceutical composition over the Compound 1 AUC provided by a
regular tablet comprising the same amount of Compound 1 (e.g., 100
mg) in the same solid dispersion formulation as in the solid
pharmaceutical composition is from 0.8 to 1.25, and the ratio of
the Compound 2 AUC provided by the solid pharmaceutical composition
over the Compound 2 AUC provided by a regular tablet comprising the
same amount of Compound 2 (e.g., 40 mg) in the same solid
dispersion formulation as in the solid pharmaceutical composition
is from 0.8 to 1.25. All AUCs are human AUCs, and all AUCs of the
regular tablets are measured when the regular tablets are
administered under fasting condition. Any composition described
herein that contains mini-tablets can be used in these methods. The
patient can be infected with HCV genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
[0144] It should be understood that the above-described embodiments
and the following examples are given by way of illustration, not
limitation. Various changes and modifications within the scope of
the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the
art from the present description.
EXAMPLE 1
Bilayer Film Coated Tablet
[0145] 100 mg Compound 1 and 40 mg Compound 2 are prepared into a
bilayer film-coated tablet. The composition of the bilayer
film-coated tablet is shown in Table 1a or Table 1b. The tablet
core consists of two layers, each based on an extrudate
intermediate comprising Compound 1 (Table 2), and Compound 2 (Table
3), respectively. The compressed tablets are film-coated with a
coating formulation based on hypromellose as non-functional
coating.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1a Composition of Compound 1/Compound 2, 100
mg/40 mg Bilayer Film-Coated Tablet Ingredient Amount (mg) Compound
1, 20% extrusion granulation (see Table 2) 500 Compound 2, 10%
extrusion granulation (see Table 3) 400 Croscarmellose sodium, Type
Ac-Di-Sol .RTM. 26.3 Colloidal silicon dioxide, Type Aerosil .RTM.
200 4.7 Sodium stearyl fumarate, Type Pruv .RTM. 4.7 HPMC Coating
37.4 Total film-coated tablet 973.1
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1b Composition of Compound 1/Compound 2, 100
mg/40 mg Bilayer Film-Coated Tablet Ingredient Amount (mg) Compound
1, 20% extrusion granulation (see Table 2) 500 Compound 2, 10%
extrusion granulation (see Table 3) 400 Croscarmellose sodium, Type
Ac-Di-Sol .RTM. 26.3 Colloidal silicon dioxide, Type Aerosil .RTM.
200 4.7 Sodium stearyl fumarate, Type Pruv .RTM. 4.7 HPMC Coating
28.1 Total film-coated tablet 963.8
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 Composition of Compound 1, 20% Extrusion
Granulation Ingredient Amount (%, w/w) Compound 1 20 Copovidone,
Type K 28 69 Vitamin E Polyethylene Glycol Succinate 10 (Vitamin E
TPGS) Colloidal silicon dioxide, Type Aerosil .RTM. 200 1 Total
100
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 3 Composition of Compound 2, 10% Extrusion
Granulation Ingredient Amount (%, w/w) Compound 2 10. Copovidon,
Type K 28 79 Vitamin E Polyethylene Glycol Succinate 8 (Vitamin E
TPGS) Propylene Glycol Monocaprylate, Type II 2 (Capryol .TM. 90)
Colloidal silicon dioxide, 1 Type Aerosil .RTM. 200 Total 100
EXAMPLE 2
Mini-Tablets
[0146] Mini-tablets containing Compound 1 or Compound 2 can be
prepared using the extrudates described in Tables 2 and 3 of
Example 1, respectively. Manufacturing of Compound 1 mini-tablets
can include the following steps: milling of the Compound 1
extrudate (e.g., the one described in Table 2 of Example 1), and
then blending together with croscarmellose, colloidal silicon
dioxide and sodium stearylfumarate, followed by tableting with a
KORSCH XL 100 rotary press, using 19 fold 2 mm tableting
tooling.
[0147] Manufacturing of Compound 2 mini-tablets can include the
following steps: milling of the Compound 2 extrudate (e.g., the one
described in Table 3 of Example 1), and then blending with
colloidal silicon dioxide and sodium stearylfumarate, followed by
tableting with a KORSCH XL 100 rotary press using, 19 fold 2 mm
tableting tooling.
EXAMPLE 3
Bioavailability and Effect of Food on Compound 1/Compound 2 Bilayer
Tablets
[0148] Phase 1, single-dose, four-period, randomized, complete
crossover clinical trials were conducted to determine the
bioavailability and food effect of the Compound 1/Compound 2
film-coated bilayer tablets. Tablets described in Table 1b were
used in Regimens A, B and C, and separate tablets containing either
Compound 1 or Compound 2 were used in Regimen D.
[0149] Subjects took a single dose of Compound 1/Compound 2 on Day
1 of each Period. There was a washout of 4 days between doses.
[0150] i. Regimens A and D: study drugs were taken under fasting
conditions. [0151] ii. Regimen B: study drugs were taken
approximately 30 minutes after start of moderate-fat breakfast
(about 30% calories from fat). [0152] iii. Regimen C: study drugs
were taken approx. 30 minutes after start of high-fat breakfast
(50% calories from fat).
[0153] The study design is summarized in Tables 4a and 4b. For
Regimens A, B and C, the single dose consisted of three tablets of
Table lb, each tablet contains 100 mg/40 mg Compound 1/Compound 2.
For Regimen D, the single dose contained three tablets of Compound
1, each of which contained 100 mg Compound 1, as well as three
tablets of Compound 2, each of which contained 40 mg Compound
2.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 4a Single Dose, Four-Period, Complete
Crossover Clinical Study Design Sequence Number of Regimens Number
Subjects Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 I 6 A B C D II 6 B D A
C III 6 C A D B IV 5 D C B A
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 4b Single Dose, Four-Period, Complete
Crossover Clinical Study Design Regimen A Single dose of Compound
1/Compound 2 film-coated bilayer tablets 300 mg/120 mg (3 .times.
100 mg/40 mg) given under fasting conditions Regimen B Single dose
of Compound 1/Compound 2 film-coated bilayer tablets 300 mg/120 mg
(3 .times. 100 mg/40 mg) given with a moderate fat breakfast
Regimen C Single dose of Compound 1/Compound 2 film-coated bilayer
tablets 300 mg/120 mg (3 .times. 100 mg/40 mg) given with a high
fat breakfast Regimen D Single dose of Compound 1 tablets (300 mg,
3 .times. 100 mg tablets) and Compound 2 tablets (120 mg, 3 .times.
40 mg tablets) given under fasting conditions
[0154] Table 5a shows the pharmacokinetic profiles of Compound 1 in
these studies, as well as the food effect on the bioavailability of
Compound 1. Table 5b shows the pharmacokinetic profiles of Compound
2, as well as the food effect on the bioavailability of Compound
2.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 5a Compound 1 Pharmacokinetic Parameters
((Geometric Mean (Mean, CV %)) Pharmacokinetic Regimen A Regimen B
Regimen C Regimen D Parameters Units (N = 23) (N = 23) (N = 23) (N
= 23) C.sub.max ng/mL 294 (384, 78) 937 (1193, 84) 633 (723, 54)
803 (973, 72) T.sub.max.sup.a h 3.0 (1.5 to 5.0) 4.0 (3.0 to 5.0)
5.0 (4.0 to 6.0) 2.0 (1.0 to 3.0) t.sub.1/2.sup.b h 6.0 (24) 6.0
(16) 6.3 (18) 5.7 (16) AUC.sub.t ng h/mL 1150 (1430, 70) 3040
(3460, 60) 2110 (2390, 54) 2620 (2970, 53) AUC.sub.inf ng h/mL 1150
(1440, 69) 3040 (3470, 60) 2120 (2390, 54) 2620 (2980, 53)
.sup.aMedian (Minimum to Maximum) .sup.bHarmonic mean (pseudo %
CV)
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 5b Compound 2 Pharmacokinetic Parameters
((Geometric Mean (Mean, CV %)) Pharmacokinetic Regimen A Regimen B
Regimen C Regimen D Parameters Units (N = 23) (N = 23) (N = 23) (N
= 23) C.sub.max ng/mL 116 (140, 60) 221 (239, 44) 237 (262, 45) 175
(192, 38) T.sub.max.sup.a H 4.0 (2.0 to 5.0) 5.0 (3.0 to 5.0) 5.0
(4.0 to 6.0) 4.0 (2.0 to 5.0) T.sub.1/2.sup.b h 13.3 (9) 13.0 (10)
13.5 (9) 12.5 (8) AUC.sub.t ng h/mL 910 (1100, 64) 1280 (1400, 49)
1390 (1560, 49) 1420 (1570, 40) AUC.sub.inf ng h/mL 960 (1160, 64)
1350 (1480, 49) 1460 (1650, 50) 1490 (1650, 40) .sup.aMedian
(Minimum to Maximum) .sup.bHarmonic mean (pseudo % CV)
[0155] The above studies showed that administration with food
significantly improved the bioavailability of both Compound 1 and
Compound 2, and the improvement was achieved with regard to the fat
content in the food. Additional studies comparing film-coated to
uncoated bilayer tablets further showed that film-coating had
minimal impact on the bioavailability of co-formulated Compound 1
and Compound 2.
EXAMPLE 4
Bioavailability of Compound 1/Compound 2 Mini-Tablets
[0156] 14 subjects were enrolled in this study and dosed with
co-formulated Compound 1/Compound 2 in mini-tablets. The study
design is summarized in Tables 6a and 6b. One subject spilled 4
mini-tablets (out of 100-150 total mini-tablets) during dosing of
Period 2 (Regimen G) and was not excluded from the analysis. The
mini-tablets were prepared according to a process similar to that
described in Example 2.
TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 6a Single Dose, Crossover Clinical Study
Design Sequence Number of Regimens Number Subjects Period 1 Period
2 Period 3 VII 5 F G J VIII 5 G J F IX 5 J F G
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 6b Single Dose, Crossover Clinical Study
Design Regimen F Single dose of Compound 1/Compound 2 mini-tablets
given under fasting conditions (total dose of 200 mg/120 mg
Compound 1/Compound 2) Regimen G Single dose of Compound 1/Compound
2 mini-tablets given under non-fasting conditions (total dose of
200 mg/120 mg Compound 1/Compound 2) Regimen J Single dose of two
Compound 1 tablets (each containing 100 mg Compound 1) and three
Compound 2 tablets (each containing 40 mg Compound 2) under fasting
conditions
[0157] Table 7a shows the pharmacokinetic profiles of Compound 1 in
these studies, as well as the food effect on the bioavailability of
Compound 1. Table 7b shows the pharmacokinetic profiles of Compound
2, as well as the food effect on the bioavailability of Compound
2.
TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 7a Compound 1 Pharmacokinetic Parameters
((Geometric Mean (Mean, CV %)) Pharmacokinetic Regimen F Regimen G
Regimen J Parameters Units (N = 14) (N = 14) (N = 14) C.sub.max
ng/mL 123 (164, 103) 166 (314, 209) 212 (333, 159) T.sub.max.sup.a
h 1.0 (0.5 to 4.0) 1.75 (1.0 to 4.0) 1.5 (0.5 to 3.0)
t.sub.1/2.sup.b h 5.61 (29) 6.42 (31) 5.93 (39) AUC.sub.t ng h/mL
428 (598, 107) 699 (1020, 150) 738 (1150, 165) AUC.sub.inf ng h/mL
432 (602, 107) 704 (1020, 149) 742 (1160, 164) .sup.aMedian
(Minimum to Maximum) .sup.bHarmonic mean (pseudo % CV)
TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 7b Compound 2 Pharmacokinetic Parameters
((Geometric Mean (Mean, CV %)) Pharmacokinetic Regimen F Regimen G
Regimen J Parameters Units (N = 14) (N = 14) (N = 14) C.sub.max
ng/mL 96.0 (110, 61) 177 (198, 55) 139 (169, 75) T.sub.max.sup.a h
4.0 (2.0 to 6.0) 3.0 (3.0 to 5.0) 4.5 (1.5 to 6.0) t.sub.1/2.sup.b
h 13.4 (15) 13.2 (10) 13.3 (7) AUC.sub.t ng h/mL 863 (1050, 80)
1250 (1480, 70) 1190 (1570, 91) AUC.sub.inf ng h/mL 913 (1110, 80)
1320 (1560, 71) 1260 (1660, 92) .sup.aMedian (Minimum to Maximum)
.sup.bHarmonic mean (pseudo % CV)
[0158] The above studies showed that administration with food
significantly increased the bioavailability of both Compound 1 and
Compound 2 when delivered in co-formulated mini-tablets.
[0159] The foregoing description of the present invention provides
illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive
or to limit the invention to the precise one disclosed.
Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above
teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention. Thus,
it is noted that the scope of the invention is defined by the
claims and their equivalents.
* * * * *