U.S. patent application number 14/918561 was filed with the patent office on 2016-11-10 for polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses.
The applicant listed for this patent is BenQ Materials Corporation, VISCO VISION INC.. Invention is credited to Tsung-Jung CHENG, Fan-Dan JAN.
Application Number | 20160327809 14/918561 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 55542435 |
Filed Date | 2016-11-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160327809 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
JAN; Fan-Dan ; et
al. |
November 10, 2016 |
POLYMERIZABLE COMPOSITION FOR COLORING CONTACT LENSES
Abstract
The disclosure is related to a polymerizable composition for
coloring contact lens, comprising a composite colorant and at least
one hydrophilic monomer. The composite colorant is produced by a
reaction of a colorant precursor and a (methyl)methacryloxy
group-containing shine coupling agent. The colorant precursor is
produced by a reaction of a metal oxide and a siloxane compound
under alkaline solution.
Inventors: |
JAN; Fan-Dan; (Taoyuan City,
TW) ; CHENG; Tsung-Jung; (Taoyuan City, TW) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
BenQ Materials Corporation
VISCO VISION INC. |
Taoyuan City
Hsinchu County |
|
TW
TW |
|
|
Family ID: |
55542435 |
Appl. No.: |
14/918561 |
Filed: |
October 20, 2015 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02C 7/108 20130101;
G02C 7/04 20130101; C08K 2003/2265 20130101; G02B 1/043 20130101;
C08K 3/22 20130101 |
International
Class: |
G02C 7/10 20060101
G02C007/10; G02C 7/04 20060101 G02C007/04; G02B 1/04 20060101
G02B001/04; C08K 3/22 20060101 C08K003/22 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 4, 2015 |
TW |
104114162 |
Claims
1. A polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses,
comprising: a composite colorant produced by a reaction of a
colorant precursor and a (methyl)methacryloxy group-containing
silane coupling agent, wherein the colorant precursor is produced
by a reaction of a metal oxide and a siloxane compound under
alkaline solution; and at least one hydrophilic monomer.
2. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, wherein the(methyl)methacryloxy
group-containing silane coupling agent is selected from the group
consisting of 3-(meth)acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane,
3-(meth)acryloxypropytriethoxysilane,
3-(meth)acryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane and
3-(meth)acryloxypropylmethyl-dimethoxysilane and a combination
thereof.
3. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, wherein the siloxane compound is tetraethoxy
silane or tetramethoxy silane.
4. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic monomer is selected
from the group consisting of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP),
2hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA),
methyl acrylic acid, acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate (GIMA),
(methyl)acrylamide, 2(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate
(DMAEMA), vinyl acetate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate,
N-acrylolmorpholine and a combination thereof.
5. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, further comprising a thickener which is
selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, acrylic resin,
phenolic resin, polyvinylpyrrodine and a combination thereof.
6. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, further comprising a cross-linking agent.
7. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, further comprising a dispersant.
8. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, further comprising a photo initiator or a
thermal initiator.
9. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, wherein the composite colorant is in an
amount of 10 weight percent to 60 weight percent based on the total
amount of the polymerizable composition.
10. The polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses
according to claim 1, wherein the contact lenses are made from
silicone gel or hydrogel.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwanese
application Ser. No. 104114162, filed on May 4, 2015, which is
incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The present disclosure relates to a polymerizable
composition for coloring contact lenses. More particularly, the
polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses has good
adhesion to the contact lenses so that no discoloration or fading
occurred on the colored contact lenses made from hydrogel or
silicone hydrogel.
[0004] 2. Description of Related Art
[0005] Nowadays, concerning fashion or clothes matching, people
begin to wear colored contact lenses capable of altering their
natural iris color. However these different colored or patterned
contact lenses would fade or discolor so as to make the wearers
have ocular allergy.
[0006] One of the conventional methods for manufacturing colored
contact lens is to mix a colorant and the hydrophilic monomers to
form a mixture, and then a colored layer is formed by printing or
transferring the mixture on a surface of the contact lens. However,
the method is unfavorable because the colored layer lacks the
interaction force with the contact lens, so that the colored layer
is easily peeling from contact lenses and discoloration or fading
occurs.
[0007] Another one of the conventional methods for manufacturing
colored contact lenses is first to form a colored layer on the
contact lens surface, and than a transparent layer is covered on
the colored layer to protect the colored layer from being damaged
and discolored. But, this method is so complicated and costly.
[0008] Therefore, a novel polymerizable composition for coloring
contact lenses is highly demanded. The polymerizable composition of
the present disclosure provides good adhesion to contact lenses to
avoid discoloration or fading on the colored contact lenses. In
addition, the manufacturing method for coloring contact lenses of
the present disclosure is simpler than the conventional
manufacturing methods.
SUMMARY
[0009] According to aforementioned reasons, it is an object of the
present disclosure to provide a novel polymerizable composition for
coloring contact lenses, comprising a composite colorant and at
least one hydrophilic monomer. The composite colorant is produced
by a reaction of a colorant precursor and a (methyl)methacryloxy
group-containing silane coupling agent. The colorant precursor is
produced by a reaction of a metal oxide a siloxane compound under
alkaline solution.
[0010] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
(methyl)methacryloxy group-containing silane coupling agent for
manufacturing the composite colorant is selected from the group
consisting of 3-(meth)acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane,
3-(meth)acryloxypropyltriethoxysilane,
3-(meth)acryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane and
3-(meth)acryloxypropylmethyl-dimethoxysilane and a combination
thereof.
[0011] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the metal oxide
for manufacturing the colorant precursor applied for coloring
contact lenses is known in the art, for example, such as inorganic
colorant and/or inorganic pigment. The inorganic colorant and/or
inorganic can be, but not limited to, Iron Oxide Black, Iron Oxide
Blown, Iron Oxide Yellow, Iron Oxide Red or Titanium Dioxide.
[0012] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the siloxane
compound for manufacturing the colorant precursor is tetraethoxy
silane or tetramethoxy silane.
[0013] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the hydrophilic
monomer is selected from the group consisting of N-vinylpyrrolidone
(NVP), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), N,N-dimethylacrylamide
(DMA), methyl acrylic acid, acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate
(OMA), (methyl)acrylamide, 2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate
(DMAEMA), vinyl acetate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate,
N-acrylolmorpholine and a combination thereof.
[0014] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses further
includes a thickener which is selected from the group consisting of
polyurethane, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, polyvinylpyrrodine and
a combination thereof.
[0015] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses further
includes a crosslinking agent.
[0016] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses further
includes a dispersant.
[0017] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition for coloring contact lenses further
includes a photo initiator or a thermal initiator.
[0018] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the composite
colorant is present at an amount of 10 weight percent to 60 weight
percent based on the total amount of the polymerizable
composition.
[0019] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition is used for coloring contact lenses made
from silicone gel or hydrogel.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In the following detailed description, for purposes of
explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to
provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. It
will be apparent, however, that one or more embodiments may be
practiced without these specific details.
[0021] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the
present disclosure provides a navel polymerizable composition for
coloring contact lenses, comprising a composite colorant and at
least one hydrophilic monomer. The composite colorant is produced
by a reaction of a colorant precursor and a (methyl)methacryloxy
group-containing silane coupling agent, wherein the colorant
precursor is produced by a reaction of a metal oxide and a siloxane
compound under alkaline condition.
[0022] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the hydrophilic
monomers for manufacturing the polymerizable composition can be,
but not limited to N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), 2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate (HEMA), N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), methyl acrylic
acid (MAA), acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA),
(methyl)acrylamide, 2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate
(DMAEMA), vinyl acetate, 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate,
N-acrylolmorpholine and a combination thereof.
[0023] Moreover, for enhancing, the compatibility between the
polymerizable composition and the contact lenses, the hydrophilic
monomers is present at an amount of 10 weight percent to 30 weight
percent based on the total weight of the polymerizable
composition.
[0024] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, concerning the
performance and optical transmittance of the colored contact
lenses, the composite colorant is present at an amount of 10 weight
percent to 60 weight percent based on the total weight of the
polymerizable composition.
[0025] According to the present disclosure, the composite colorant
is produced by a reaction of a colorant precursor and a
(methyl)methacryloxy group-containing silane coupling agent.
[0026] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
(methyl)methacryloxy group-containing silane coupling agent for
manufacturing the composite colorant selected from the group
consisting of 3-(meth)acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane,
3-(meth)acryloxypropyltriethoxysilane,
3-(meth)acryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane and
3-(meth)acryloxypropylmethyl-dimethoxysilane and a combination
thereof.
[0027] In addition, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
reaction condition for the colorant precursor reacted with the
(methyl)methacryloxy group-containing silane coupling agent is at
30.degree. C. to 70.degree. C. for 2 hours to 24 hours.
[0028] According to the present disclosure, the colarant precursor
is produced by a reaction of a metal oxide and a siloxane compound
under alkaline solution.
[0029] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the metal oxide
for manufacturing the colorant precursor applied for coloring
contact lenses is known in the art, for example, such as inorganic
colorant and/or inorganic pigment. The inorganic colorant and/or
inorganic can be, but not limited to, Iron Oxide Black, Iron Oxide
Blown, Iron Oxide Yellow, Iron Oxide Red or Titanium Dioxide.
[0030] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the siloxane
compound for manufacturing the colorant precursor is tetraethoxy
silane or tetramethoxy silane.
[0031] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pH value of
alkaline solution is in the range of 8 to 10. The solvent in the
alkaline solution is selected from the group consisting of water,
methanol, ethanol and a combination thereof.
[0032] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition further includes a thickener which is
selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, acrylic resin,
phenolic resin, polyvinylpyrrodine and a combination thereof.
[0033] For obtaining the appreciate viscosity of the polymerizable
composition, the thickener is present at an amount of 20 weight
percent to 40 weight percent based on the total weight of the
polymerizable composition.
[0034] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickener is
the combination of the polyurethane and poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone),
wherein the viscosity of the polyurethane at 25.degree. C. is in
the range of 50,000 cps to 150,000 cps, preferably in the range of
80,000 cps to 110,000 cps and the poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) is such
as PVP-k series, which can be but not limited to, PVP-k15, PVP-k16,
PVP-k17, PVP-k18, VPV-k29, PVP-k30, PVP-k32 or PVP-k90.
[0035] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition further includes a cross-linking agent.
The cross-linking agent is such as, for example ethylene glycol
dimethacrylate (EGDMA), tetraethylene ethylene glycol
dimethacrylate (TrEGOMA), triethylene ethylene glycol
dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate,
trimethyloipropane trimethacrylate (TMPTA), vinyl methacrylate,
ethylenediamine dimethyl acrylamide, glycerol dimethacrylate,
triallyisocyanurate or triallyl cyanurate or the combination
thereof. Further, the crosslinking agent is present at an amount of
1 to 3 weight percent based on the total weight of the
polymerizable composition.
[0036] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition further includes a dispersant. The
dispersant is selected from the group consisting of phosphoester,
acrylic ester monomer and acrylic resin. Further, the dispersant is
present at the amount of 2 weight percent to 10 weight percent
based on the total v weight of the polymerizable composition.
[0037] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
polymerizable composition further includes a photo initiator or a
thermal initiator. The suitable thermal initiator, can be not
limited to, such as, for example, azobisisoheptonitrile,
2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN),
2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile),
2,2'-azobis(2-methyl-propanenitrile),
2,2'-azobis(2-methyl-butanenitrile). The suitable photoinitiator,
can be not limited to, such as, for example, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl
diphenyl oxide, 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone,
2,2-Diethoxyacetophenone or
ethyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoly)phenylphosphinate. The photo initiator
or a thermal initiator is present at the amount of 2 weight percent
to 5 weight percent based on the total amount of the polymerizable
composition.
[0038] According to different types of the colored contact lenses,
the composite colorant is present at the amount of 0.1 weight
percent to 0.5 weight percent based on the total amount of the
polymerizable composition.
[0039] The present disclosure will be explained in further detail
with reference to the examples. However, the present disclosure is
not limited to these examples.
EXAMPLE A
The Preparation Method of Composite Colorant (I)
[0040] 100 g of Iron Oxide Black powder (trade name is Sicovit and
is available from BASF, Germany), 150 ml of deionized water, 150 ml
of ethanol, 22 ml of aqueous solution of ammonium (the weight
percent concentration is 25%) and 5 ml of tetraethoxysilane
(available from Acros Organics, US) were mixed uniformly in a flask
to form a mixture. Next, the mixture was heated to 65.degree. C.
for 2 hours, after that, 8 ml of
3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (trade name is KBM503 and is
valuable from Shin-Etsu Silicone, Japan) was added into the flask
and reacted for another 6 hours. Then, the supernatant of the
resulting reaction solution was removed by using of centrifugation,
after that, the remaining solution was washed with ethanol and
deionized water. After the solvent was removed, the composite
colorant (I) was obtained.
EXAMPLE B
The Preparation Method of Composite Colorant (II)
[0041] The preparation method of Example B was the same as Example
A, except that the amount of silane coupling agent. The silane
coupling used in Example B was 4 ml.
EXAMPLE C
The Preparation Method of Composite Colorant (III)
[0042] The preparation method of Example C was the same as Example
A, except that the amount of silane coupling agent. The silane
coupling agent used in Example C was 2 ml.
EXAMPLE D
The Preparation Method of Composite Colorant (IV)
[0043] The preparation method of Example D was the same as Example
A, except that the amount of silane coupling agent. The silane
coupling agent used in Example C was 1 ml.
[0044] The preparation method of colored contact lenses
EXAMPLE 1
[0045] First, the composite colorant (I), 2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate (HEMA), methacrylic acid (MAA), polyurethane (trade
name is AgiSyn 230SM-Z90, and is available from Dsm-AGI Corp.,
Taiwan), polyvinylpyrrodine (trade name is PVP-k30, the weight
average molecular weight is 40,000 and is available from
Sigma-Aldrich, US), Disponer 910 (available from Element's
Specialties, UK) and a photoinitiator,
2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone (trade name is Darocur 1173 and is
available from Basf, Taiwan) were grinded into a ball mill
(RETSCHPM 400) to form a polymerizable composition with a viscosity
between 9,000 to 10,000 cps and the average particle size thereof
is 1 .mu.m. The detailed composition of polymerizable composition
of Example 1 was listed in Table 1 as below.
[0046] Then, the polymerzable composition was injected into a mold
of a contact lens made of polypropylene (PP) and conducted a UV
irradiating treatment or a thermal irradiating treatment to form a
coloring layer thereon.
[0047] After the polymerization was completed, a siloxane macromer
(I) (disclosed in TW. Patent No. 1459071, synthesis of siloxane
macromer A), a siloxane macromer (II) (disclosed in TW. Patent No.
1459071, synthesis of siloxane macromer B), 2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate (HEMA), N-vinylpyrrodine (NVP), crass-linking agent,
photo initiator, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone (trade name is
Darocur 1173 and is available from Basf, Taiwan) were mixed at
amounts shown in Table 1 to form a contact lens material. Then, the
contact lens material was added by drops on the coloring layer
formed on the mold of the contact lens and was cured at 80.degree.
C. for 5 hrs, than 135.degree. C. for 2 hrs. After the
polymerization was completed, the mold was immersed in alcohol for
1 hour and the resulting molded lens was taken out of the mold. In
Final, the resulting lens was conducted a hydration treatment to
obtain the colored contact lens. The detailed composition of
contact lenses material of Example 1 is in Table 2.
[0048] The preparation method of Example 2 was the same as Example
1, except the composite colorant. The composite colorant (II) was
used in Example 2. The detailed composition of Example 2 was listed
in Table 1 and Table 2.
EXAMPLE 3
[0049] The preparation method of Example 3 was the same as Example
1, except the type of composite colorant. The composite colorant
(III) was used in the Example 3. The detailed composition of
Example 3 was listed in Table 1 and Table 2.
EXAMPLE 4
[0050] The preparation method of Example 4 was the same as Example
1, except the composite colorant. The composite colorant (IV) was
used in Example 4. The detailed composition of Example 4 was listed
in Table 1 and Table 2.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1
[0051] The preparation method of Comparative Example 1 was the same
as Example 1, except the composite colorant. The Iron Oxide Black
powder (trade name is Sicovi and is available from BASF, Taiwan)
was used in Comparative Example 1. The detailed composition of
Comparative Example 1 was listed in Table 1 and Table 2.
[0052] The physical properties of the colored contact lenses
prepared from Example 1 to Example 4 and Comparative 1 were
measured according to the following measuring method. The resulting
data were listed in the Table 3.
[0053] (a) Measurement of the Water Content of Contact Lenses
[0054] The contact lens was immersed in the phosphate buffered
saline (PBS) for 24 hours. Then, the contact lens was removed
therefrom and taken to remove all surface water. After that, the
weight of contact lens was measured. Next, the contact lens was
hydrated at 600 W for 5 minutes by microwave and after that the
weight of hydrated contact lens was measured. The water contact of
contact lenses was calculated by the following equation:
(The weight of hydrated contact lenses-The weight of dry contact
lenses)/The weight of hydrated contact lenses.times.100%.
[0055] (b) Measurement of Tensile Modulus and Tensile Strength of
Contact Lenses
[0056] The test sample was cut from the middle area of a contact
lens into a sample size of 10 mm. Then, the test sample was
immersed in a buffer specified in ISO 18369-3 Section 4.7 for 2
hours. After that, the test sample was taken to remove all surface
water and be conducted to proceed tensile modulus and tensile
strength measurement by using an AI-3000 (available from Gotech
Testing Maching Inc.) in a condition of temperature between
20.+-.5.degree. C. and a humidity between 55%.+-.10%. The
measurement was carried out at a constant loading speed of 10
mm/min. In final, the tensile modulus and tensile strength were
determined according to the initial gradient of the strain-stress
curve. The unit of the tensile modulus is defined as MPa and the
unit of tensile strength is defined as gram.
[0057] (c) Measurement of Oxygen Permeability of Contact Lenses
[0058] The oxygen permeability (Dk) was measured according to ISO
standards 18369-4:2006, 4.4.3, by using a oxygen permeability
tester (201T). The units of oxygen permeability (Dk) is defined as
10.sup.-10 (mlO.sub.2mm)/(cm.sup.2 sec mm Hg).
[0059] (d) Evaluation of Deformation of Contact Lenses
[0060] The appearance of the contact lens was observed by visual to
judge if the deformation occurred or not.
[0061] (d) Evaluation of Discolor of Contact Lenses
[0062] The contact lens was put on a stage and a cotton swab was
used to rub the surface of the contact lens for 40 times. In final,
the surface of the cotton swab was observed by visual to judge if
any color fading from the contact lenses.
[0063] It can be seen from Table 3 that, comparing with Comparative
Example 1, the adhesion of the colored contact lens preparing
according to Example 1 to Example 4 are so good that no
discoloration occurred. Furthermore, the colored contact lens
thereof also has no deformation occurrence.
[0064] In addition, the water content of the contact lenses
prepared according to Example 1 to Example 4 is 46% to 48%, the
tensile modulus thereof is about 0.57 MPa to 0.63 MPa and the
tensile strength thereof is about 45 g to 51 g. Besides, the oxygen
permeability thereof is about 100 to 120.
[0065] While the disclosure has been described by way of example(s)
and in terms of the embodiments, it is to be understood that the
disclosure is not limited thereto. On the contrary, it is intended
to cover various modifications and similar arrangements and
procedures, and the scope of the appended claims therefore should
be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such
modifications and similar arrangements and procedures.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 The detailed composition of the
polymerizable composition of Example 1 to Example 4 and Comparative
Example 1 Compar- ative Example Example (wt %) (wt %) Composition 1
2 3 4 1 Colorant Composite 50 50 50 50 50 colorant Hydrophilic
2-HEAM 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 monomer MAA 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4
Base resin Polyurethane 15 15 15 15 15 Thickener PVP 11.5 11.5 11.5
11.5 11.5 Dispersant Disponer910 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Cross- TMPTA
1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 linking agent Initiator UV-1173 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
3.0
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 The detailed composition of contact lenses
of Example 1 to Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 Compar- ative
Example Example (wt %) (wt %) Composition 1 2 3 4 1 Siloxane
Siloxane 41.8 41.8 38.6 20.9 38.6 macromer macromer(I) Siloxane 6.3
6.3 5.8 20.9 5.8 macromer(II) Hydrophilic NVP 44.9 43.9 41.5 51.2
41.5 monomer 2-HEMA 6.3 6.3 13.5 6.3 13.5 Cross- EGDMA 0 1 0 0 0
linking agent Initiator AIBN 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 Solvent Hexane
25.1 25.1 9.7 25.1 25.1
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 The measurement results of Example 1 to
Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example Example
Test item 1 2 3 4 1 Water content (%) 46.5 46.4 47.2 46.9 46.4
Tensile modulus 0.63 0.60 0.57 0.58 0.61 (MPa) Tensile Strength (g)
46 49 51 45 41 OxygenX 104 107 120 114 111 (MPa) Thickness (um)
0.077 0.069 0.075 0.071 0.070 Deformation No No No No No
Discoloration No No No No Yes
* * * * *