U.S. patent application number 15/080494 was filed with the patent office on 2016-09-29 for stable compositions comprising benzoyl peroxide and low viscosity, lipophilic solvents and methods and systems related thereto.
This patent application is currently assigned to Gestalt Scientific Corporation. The applicant listed for this patent is Scott Anthony Laster, Scott Robert Leatham, Heinz-Gunter Manfred Zieber. Invention is credited to Scott Anthony Laster, Scott Robert Leatham, Heinz-Gunter Manfred Zieber.
Application Number | 20160281036 15/080494 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 56974920 |
Filed Date | 2016-09-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160281036 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Laster; Scott Anthony ; et
al. |
September 29, 2016 |
STABLE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING BENZOYL PEROXIDE AND LOW VISCOSITY,
LIPOPHILIC SOLVENTS AND METHODS AND SYSTEMS RELATED THERETO
Abstract
Compositions, methods, etc., directed to the stable delivery of
benzoyl peroxide (BPO) or other suitable oxidizers into difficult
substrates using low viscosity, lipophilic solvents, such as for
stain removal or modification. For example, the compositions,
methods, etc., can be used to remove autofluorescent organic stains
such as pink stains caused by Streptoverticillium reticulum in
marine vinyl or any other suitable substrate.
Inventors: |
Laster; Scott Anthony;
(Redmond, WA) ; Zieber; Heinz-Gunter Manfred;
(Kirkland, WA) ; Leatham; Scott Robert; (Redmond,
WA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Laster; Scott Anthony
Zieber; Heinz-Gunter Manfred
Leatham; Scott Robert |
Redmond
Kirkland
Redmond |
WA
WA
WA |
US
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Gestalt Scientific
Corporation
Redmond
WA
|
Family ID: |
56974920 |
Appl. No.: |
15/080494 |
Filed: |
March 24, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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|
62137597 |
Mar 24, 2015 |
|
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|
62196867 |
Jul 24, 2015 |
|
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62196862 |
Jul 24, 2015 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C11D 3/43 20130101; A21D
6/005 20130101; C11D 11/0017 20130101; C11D 11/007 20130101; B08B
7/0035 20130101; C11D 3/187 20130101; C11D 3/3942 20130101; C11D
3/39 20130101; C11D 3/2089 20130101; A23L 5/49 20160801; C11D
3/3955 20130101; C11D 3/3945 20130101; B08B 3/10 20130101; A23V
2002/00 20130101; A21D 2/20 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C11D 3/39 20060101
C11D003/39; C11D 3/43 20060101 C11D003/43 |
Claims
1. A composition comprising an oxidizing agent carried in an
organic solvent having a polarity of about 2 to 3, a viscosity of
about 0.3 cP to 1.0 cP, and a vapor pressure of 15 to 250 mm Hg,
wherein a coating of the organic solvent applied to a marine vinyl
fabric with a fine brush will fully evaporate at the surface within
at least about 10 seconds at a temperature of 20.degree. C.,
wherein the oxidizing agent comprises peroxide, benzoyl peroxide,
ozone, percarbonate, perphosophate or hydrogen peroxide.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent when
applied to a marine vinyl fabric with a fine brush will fully
evaporate at the surface within at least about 10 seconds to 60
seconds at a temperature of 20.degree. C.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent has a
polarity of about 2.5.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent has a
viscosity of about 0.7 cP to 0.9 cP, or about 0.8 cP.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent has a
viscosity of about 0.8 cP.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent comprises
a benzene ring.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent comprises
xylene.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent consists
essentially of xylene.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent comprises
toluene.
10. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent consists
essentially of toluene.
11. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent
comprises methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).
12. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent consists
essentially of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).
13. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent
comprises methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE).
14. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent consists
essentially of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE).
15. The composition of claim 1 wherein the oxidizing agent
comprises a peroxide.
16. The composition of claim 1 wherein the oxidizing agent
comprises benzoyl peroxide.
17. The composition of claim 1 wherein the oxidizing agent
comprises ozone.
18. The composition of claim 1 wherein the oxidizing agent
comprises hydrogen peroxide.
19. The composition of claim 1 wherein the oxidizing agent
comprises sodium hypochlorite.
20. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition consists
essentially of the oxidizing agent and the organic solvent.
21. The composition of claim 19 wherein the composition consists
essentially of benzoyl peroxide in xylene.
22. The composition of 21 wherein the composition consists
essentially of about 3% to 25% benzoyl peroxide in about 97%-75%
xylene (w/w).
23. The composition of 21 wherein the composition consists
essentially of about 10% to 15% benzoyl peroxide in about 90%-85%
xylene (w/w).
24. The composition of 21 wherein the composition consists
essentially of about 11% benzoyl peroxide in about 89% xylene
(w/w).
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims the benefit of co-pending
U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/137,597, filed Mar.
24, 2015; U.S. provisional patent application No. 62/196,867, filed
Jul. 24, 2015; and, U.S. provisional patent application No.
62/196,862, filed Jul. 24, 2015, which applications are
incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND
[0002] A common issue in marine environments is a pink stain
(pink-stain) apparently produced by Streptoverticillium reticulum
as a byproduct of its metabolic processes, which stain appears to
be comprised of an organic colorant. This organic colorant is
soluble in polyvinylchloride (PVC) and other synthetic or natural
materials. The S. reticulum stain (as well as other pink-stains
comprising organic pigments or organic dyes created by
microorganisms such as bacteria of the order Actinomycetales or the
family Streptomycetaceae) appears on white marine vinyl and is a
long-standing, prevailing problem in the pleasure and commercial
boating industry for decades, well over 30 years. Accordingly, this
is a long standing issue of great concern to vinyl manufacturers
and users, as well as other manufacturers of other materials
wherein such organic stains are problematic.
[0003] Thus, there has gone unmet a need for improved compositions,
devices, systems, methods, etc., that remove such pink-stains. The
present systems and methods, etc., provide these and/or other
advantages.
SUMMARY
[0004] The compositions, methods, etc., herein are directed to
compositions for the stable delivery of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) or
other suitable oxidizers, such as those mentioned in U.S. patent
application Ser. No. ______, filed contemporaneously herewith on
Mar. 24, 2016 and entitled COMPOSITIONS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND
METHODS RELATING TO PHOTO- AND THERMAL-OXIDATIVE BLEACHING OF
PINK-STAINS (incorporated herein by reference in its entirety;
serial number may be entered after filing) using low viscosity,
lipophilic solvents, such as for stain removal or modification. For
example, the compositions, methods, etc., can be used to remove
autofluorescent organic stains such as pink stains caused by
Streptoverticillium reticulum in marine vinyl or any other suitable
substrate.
[0005] In one aspect the discussion herein can be directed to
compositions comprising an oxidizing agent carried in an organic
solvent having a polarity of about 2 to 3, a viscosity of about 0.3
cP to 1.0 cP, and a vapor pressure of 15 to 250 mm Hg, wherein a
coating of the organic solvent applied to a marine vinyl fabric
with a fine brush can fully evaporate at the surface within at
least about 10 seconds at a temperature of 20.degree. C., wherein
the oxidizing agent can comprise peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, ozone,
percarbonate, perphosophate or hydrogen peroxide. In some
embodiments, the organic solvent when applied to a marine vinyl
fabric with a fine brush can fully evaporate at the surface within
at least about 10 seconds to 60 seconds at a temperature of
20.degree. C. The organic solvent can have a polarity of about 2.5;
a viscosity of about 0.7 cP to 0.9 cP, or about 0.8 cP; and a
viscosity of about 0.8 cP.
[0006] The organic solvent can comprise a benzene ring and can
comprise one or more of xylene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)
or methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). The composition can also
comprise one or more of a peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, ozone, bleach
(sodium hypochlorite), hydrogen peroxide. The composition can
consist essentially of the oxidizing agent and the organic solvent,
for example benzoyl peroxide in xylene. Such compositions can
consist essentially of about 3% to 25% oxidizer, e.g., benzoyl
peroxide, in a corresponding 97%-75% solvent, e.g., xylene (w/w);
10% to 15% oxidizer, e.g., benzoyl peroxide, in a corresponding
90%-85% solvent, e.g., xylene (w/w); or, about 11% oxidizer, e.g.,
benzoyl peroxide in 89% solvent, e.g., xylene (w/w).
[0007] The aspects and embodiments herein also include methods of
making and using the compositions herein, as well as kits,
containers, composition-specific labels and other items containing
or relating to the compositions herein.
[0008] The aspects and embodiments herein also include treating
autofluorescent organic stains of microorganism origin, as well as
systems and kits configured to implement the methods herein, and
methods of making such systems.
[0009] These and other aspects, features and embodiments are set
forth within this application, including the following Detailed
Description and attached drawings. Unless expressly stated
otherwise, all embodiments, aspects, features, etc., can be mixed
and matched, combined and permuted in any desired manner In
addition, various references are set forth herein, including in the
Cross-Reference To Related Applications, that discuss certain
systems, apparatus, methods and other information; all such
references are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety
and for all their teachings and disclosures, regardless of where
the references may appear in this application.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0010] The systems, methods. etc., herein improve pink-stain
removal from a substrate using strong oxidizing agents such as
peroxides, or organic or oxygen radicals, such as benzoyl peroxide,
ozone, hypochlorite (bleach), percarbonates, perphosophates or
hydrogen peroxide.
[0011] One embodiment of the compositions, methods, etc., herein is
to provide compositions comprising effective solvents such as
xylene to deliver strong oxidizing agents such as BPO. Such
compositions can be used to reduce and/or render invisible such
stains in marine vinyl upholstery and other substrates, including
the removal of pink colored stains in marine vinyl fabric caused by
S. reticulum bacteria.
[0012] The stains discussed herein can be eliminated using strong
oxidizing agents such as peroxides, or organic or oxygen radicals
such as BPO, ozone, percarbonates, perphosophates or hydrogen
peroxide carried by the solvents discussed herein.
[0013] Turning to a further discussion of the current compositions,
methods, etc., herein, in some embodiments such compositions
comprise a solvent that is characterized, for example, by being an
organic solvent having a polarity of about 2 to 3, typically about
2.5; a viscosity of about 0.2 cP or 0.3 cP to 1.0 cP or 1.5 cP, or
about 0.7 cP to 0.9 cP, or about 0.8 cP; and a vapor pressure of 15
to 250 mm Hg, such that a coating of the solvent applied to a
marine vinyl fabric with a fine brush will fully evaporate within
about 10 seconds at an ambient temperature of 20.degree. C.; such a
solvent may have a benzene ring, such as xylene, in combination
with BPO or other suitable oxidizer.
[0014] The compositions, etc., herein comprise in one example a
solution of BPO, a chemically active ingredient, in xylene, the
solvent. BPO is stable when dissolved in xylene; a solution of 10%
BPO (w/w) can be achieved at standard conditions (per National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), standard conditions
are 20.degree. Celsius and 101,325 Pa (1 atm)). This combination of
xylene and BPO results in stability of the BPO, absence of damage
to substrates that may contain S. reticulum stain such as PVC,
absence of significant damage to vinyl finish, and low viscosity.
Significant damage to vinyl fabric as the result of stain removal
treatment to the treated area includes, for example, discoloration
detectable by the human eye, removal of water proofing, accelerated
aging, reduction in shear or tear strength, physical deformation,
increased Shore Durometer hardness (durometer is one of several
measures of the hardness of a material. Hardness can be defined as
a material's resistance to permanent indentation as defined by
Rockwell Corporation Shore Durometer calibrated measuring devices.
ASTM D2240. Standard Test Method for Rubber Property), reduced ASTM
D2240 elastic modulus, or changing how the treated fabric feels to
the touch.
[0015] Suitable xylene or other suitable organic solvent
concentrations can be about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 97%
(w/w).
[0016] The current solutions, compositions, methods, etc., can also
remove pink-stain and other autofluorescent organic stains at depth
in a substrate such as marine vinyl. For example, in some
embodiments, the pink-stain can be removed not just from the
visible surface but also as much as about 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm,
0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 07 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm or 1.1 mm
deep, or more, in an affected area of vinyl upholstery. Thus, for a
1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5, mm, etc., thick piece of upholstery, the
compositions, methods, etc., herein can remove pink-stain all the
way through the upholstery. Substrates herein can also include
rice, wheat flour, etc.
[0017] Significant economic value can be realized with predictable,
complete eradication of pinking on boat vinyl fabric. Eradication
of stains via these methods represent a significant reduction in
cost and time when compared to replacing stain-damaged vinyl
fabric.
[0018] The solvent compositions, etc., herein can improve both
efficacy and time needed to complete successful treatment, for
example compared to delivering BPO to vinyl fabric using an aquatic
suspension of BPO particulates for superficial application. The
compositions, etc., herein can improve upon the aquatic suspension
method by dissolving BPO into xylene to provide a composition with
low polarity and low viscosity so that it can enter small cracks
and fissures in the surface of fabric easily, and sufficiently low
vapor pressure so that it will evaporate rapidly once it has been
applied to a stain under standard conditions (e.g., the composition
will penetrate the vinyl and dry in less than about 20 seconds, 10
seconds, or 5 seconds, at 20.degree. C. at 1 atmospheric pressure
at sea level).
[0019] Significant amounts of BPO can go into solution in xylene,
for example about 2% BPO, 3% BPO, 5% BPO, 8% BPO, 10% BPO, 11% BPO,
or 12% BPO (w/w), and thus for an 11%BPO solution, about 0.05
milliliters of solution containing 730 micrograms of BPO per square
inch of vinyl fabric. This combination of properties allows for a
deeper and much more rapid delivery of BPO into the vinyl for
pink-stain treatment compared to aqueous suspensions. With BPO
dissolved in Xylene, the properties of the solvent are preserved,
such as 2.5 polarity, 0.8 cP viscosity and 18 mmHg vapor pressure.
Other exemplary organic solvents include toluene, methyl ethyl
ketone and benzene.
[0020] In one embodiment for use of the compositions herein, the
treatment of pink-stains, the solution was applied with a fine
painter's brush or felt pen. The solution penetrates cracks and
fissures of the vinyl fabric and carried amounts of BPO with it
that were sufficient for complete pink-stain eradication. The low
vapor pressure of xylene means that it will evaporate quickly. As
it evaporates, BPO comes out of solution as very fine crystals.
Such fine crystals, having large surface area for their volume,
will readily penetrate into the vinyl fabric everywhere the xylene
or other suitable solvent carries them. In other words, BPO was
carried into vinyl fabric everywhere the solvent was able to
reach.
[0021] In some other embodiments, the compositions comprise other
solvents able to dissolve benzoyl peroxide. Exemplary properties of
suitable solvents include the following: [0022] Dissolves benzoyl
peroxide to form a solution of benzoyl peroxide adequate to treat
the pink-stain, for example about 8% to 12% BPO (w/w). [0023] Forms
a stable solution that does not substantially degrade BPO, is free
from secondary reactions such as the formation of explosive
peroxides, and maintains those qualities for a minimum of six
months when stored at temperatures less than 113 degrees F. [0024]
The solution has low viscosity to enter fissures and cracks in
vinyl fabric. [0025] The dried solution's residue does not auto
ignite at or below 160.degree. F. in air. [0026] The solution does
not alter or otherwise damage the vinyl fabric. [0027] The solution
does not alter or damage any non-vinyl coating on the fabric, such
as acrylic coatings. [0028] The solution, once applied, will
evaporate within seconds. [0029] The solvent having a polarity of
about 2.5; a viscosity of 0.8 cP or less. [0030] The solvent having
a vapor pressure of 15 to 250 mm Hg. [0031] The solvent may have a
benzene ring in chemical composition.
[0032] Some exemplary alternate solvents include toluene, methyl
tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).
[0033] Further embodiments for forming a solution of benzoyl
peroxide in a suitable solvent include: [0034] Use of solvent other
than xylene [0035] Direct formation of desired concentration of
benzoyl peroxide in solution using sufficiently pure ingredients to
eliminate the filtration step. [0036] Agents to increase viscosity
such as Carbomer copolymers type 940 and Homopolymer type A, B, or
C. [0037] Agents to control odor
[0038] Other compositions include colloidal suspensions of BPO (or
other oxidizer) dissolved in a solvent mixed in an immiscible
carrier, or colloidal suspensions of solid BPO in a suitable
carrier.
[0039] An exemplary protocol comprises: [0040] 1. Provide a S.
reticulum pink-stained piece of fabric. [0041] 2. If desired,
perform a fluoroscopic analysis of the stained fabric such as
vinyl; take still picture if desired for later comparison. [0042]
3. Apply BPO in xylene solution with painter's brush to the stained
fabric. [0043] 4. Let dry about 15 seconds. [0044] 5. Apply light
and heat to illuminate at 492 nm with 2 W/square inch at a surface
temperature of 150.degree. F. Apply for 10 minutes. [0045] 6.
Repeat steps 2 to 4 one to three times (i.e., reapply the
BPO-xylene solution and light/heat two times), typically two times,
as needed to eliminate the pink-stain visible to the human eye.
[0046] 7. If desired, perform a further analysis capable of
determining the presence of the pink-stain below the surface of the
fabric, for example a fluoroscopic analysis. If desired, take still
picture to document the status and/or elimination of the
pink-stain.
Example 1
Elimination of Pink Organic Stains Using BPO in Xylene
[0047] BPO powder, consisting of 75% benzoyl peroxide and 25%
water, was added to 100% xylene. The mixture was heated to
100.degree. F. and shaken continuously until the BPO powder was
dissolved. More powder was added until a saturated solution of
benzoyl peroxide in xylene was formed. The approximate
concentration was 11% benzoyl peroxide (w/w). This resulted in a
turbid mixture, which was then filtered through a 20 micron paper
filter. The filtrate was let stand for about 20 minutes for water
to settle out.
[0048] The filtration process was stopped when about 80% of the
initial mixture had passed through the filter. The remainder,
consisting of water, suspended water, xylene, and BPO powder and
solution, was discarded. This procedure was carried out using
closed vessels for mixing, then used a filter open to the air, and
was at 20.degree. C. and atmospheric pressure. The solution, once
created, was held in a closed glass vessel.
[0049] A solution of benzoyl peroxide of 11% (w/w) was formed. This
solution was clear and colorless.
[0050] A clean artist's oil paint brush of approximate 3/8'' width
was used to apply the solution to vinyl fabric affected by
pink-staining. Once the brushed area was visibly dry, a combination
heat and light source are placed directly overhead. The light
source had a luminous output of about 1.8 W per square inch of
light at a wavelength of 492 nm, and the temperature on the vinyl
was raised to and held at 150.degree. F. for a period of ten
minutes. The application of the solution to the stained vinyl and
subsequent illumination and heating were repeated three times.
Fluoroscopic examination showed complete eradication of pinking at
the end of this process.
Example 2
Elimination of Pink Organic Stains from Bacteria S. Reticulum with
Increased Temperature
[0051] 1) Apply a 10% (w/w) solution of BPO dissolved into xylene
applied to a pink-stain on white marine vinyl.
[0052] 2) The target area/stained substrate was heated to about
145.degree. F. using a built-in heat source (max. about 150.degree.
F.).
[0053] 3) Expose the pink-stained area for 10 min using 200 W
(radiometric luminous energy 50 W) over an area of 25 in.sup.2,
which is about 2 W/in.sup.2 (3,000/m.sup.2), using a treatment
wavelength band of 490-495 nm produced by two 100 W LED arrays,
with a peak of 494 nm, 1/2 intensity bandwidth of 26 nm (Q-factor
of 19.1).
[0054] Repeat steps 1-3 as desired to achieve removal to
elimination of the pink-stain. In some embodiments, the steps are
repeated 6 times.
[0055] All terms used herein are used in accordance with their
ordinary meanings unless the context or definition clearly
indicates otherwise. Also unless expressly indicated otherwise, in
the specification the use of "or" includes "and" and vice-versa.
Non-limiting terms are not to be construed as limiting unless
expressly stated, or the context clearly indicates, otherwise (for
example, "including," "having," and "comprising" typically indicate
"including without limitation"). Singular forms, including in the
claims, such as "a," "an," and "the" include the plural reference
unless expressly stated, or the context clearly indicates,
otherwise.
[0056] The scope of the present devices, systems and methods, etc.,
includes both means plus function and step plus function concepts.
However, the claims are not to be interpreted as indicating a
"means plus function" relationship unless the word "means" is
specifically recited in a claim, and are to be interpreted as
indicating a "means plus function" relationship where the word
"means" is specifically recited in a claim. Similarly, the claims
are not to be interpreted as indicating a "step plus function"
relationship unless the word "step" is specifically recited in a
claim, and are to be interpreted as indicating a "step plus
function" relationship where the word "step" is specifically
recited in a claim.
[0057] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that, although
specific embodiments have been discussed herein for purposes of
illustration, various modifications may be made without deviating
from the spirit and scope of the discussion herein. Accordingly,
the systems and methods, etc., include such modifications as well
as all permutations and combinations of the subject matter set
forth herein and are not limited except as by the appended claims
or other claim having adequate support in the discussion and
figures herein.
* * * * *