U.S. patent application number 15/032151 was filed with the patent office on 2016-09-08 for slag discharge apparatus and slag discharge method.
The applicant listed for this patent is MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS, LTD.. Invention is credited to Yoshinori KOYAMA, Yasuyuki MIYATA, Yasunari SHIBATA, Haruto SHINODA, Yasuo SODA.
Application Number | 20160257895 15/032151 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 53057164 |
Filed Date | 2016-09-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160257895 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SODA; Yasuo ; et
al. |
September 8, 2016 |
SLAG DISCHARGE APPARATUS AND SLAG DISCHARGE METHOD
Abstract
The objective of the present invention is to facilitate passing
of slag accumulated on a top face of a screen through openings in
the screen. A combustor of a gasifier (10) that gasifies a
carbonaceous feedstock is provided with a slag crusher (20) which
discharges slag produced in and fallen from the combustor out of
the gasifier (10). The slag crusher (20) comprises: a screen (22)
which is provided transversely with respect to the fall direction
of the slag and has a plurality of openings (30) to allow slag
pieces that are smaller than the diameter of the openings (30) to
pass through the screen (22); a spreader (24) which moves along the
top face of the screen (22) and crushes the slag accumulated on the
top face of the screen (22); and a nozzle (26) which spouts
pressurized water onto the slag accumulated on the screen (22).
Inventors: |
SODA; Yasuo; (Tokyo, JP)
; MIYATA; Yasuyuki; (Tokyo, JP) ; KOYAMA;
Yoshinori; (Tokyo, JP) ; SHIBATA; Yasunari;
(Tokyo, JP) ; SHINODA; Haruto; (Tokyo,
JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS, LTD. |
Kanagawa |
|
JP |
|
|
Family ID: |
53057164 |
Appl. No.: |
15/032151 |
Filed: |
September 10, 2014 |
PCT Filed: |
September 10, 2014 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2014/073999 |
371 Date: |
April 26, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10J 3/523 20130101;
C10K 1/101 20130101; C10J 2300/1634 20130101; C10J 3/526 20130101;
C10J 3/46 20130101; C10J 3/84 20130101; C10J 3/52 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C10J 3/52 20060101
C10J003/52 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 15, 2013 |
JP |
2013-236893 |
Claims
1-8. (canceled)
9. A slag discharge device which is provided on a combustor of a
gasifier gasifying a carbon containing fuel and discharges slag
produced in and falling from the combustor out of the gasifier,
comprising: a screen which is provided transversely with respect to
the fall direction of the slag and has a plurality of openings to
allow slag pieces which are smaller than diameters of the openings
to pass through the screen; crushing means moving along a top face
of the screen to crush the slag accumulated on the top face of the
screen; and an emitting hole which emits liquid, which is
pressurized, fluidizes the slag accumulated on the screen, and
allows the slag to pass through the openings, onto the slag.
10. The slag discharge device according to claim 9, wherein the
emitting hole is provided on a side wall of the screen which is
erected in parallel with respect to an operating direction of the
crushing means.
11. The slag discharge device according to claim 9, wherein the
emitting hole is provided in the crushing means.
12. The slag discharge device according to claim 9, wherein the
crushing means includes an inclined surface which is inclined
forward with respect to a crushing direction of the slag.
13. The slag discharge device according to claim 12, wherein the
emitting hole is provided on the inclined surface, and emits the
liquid in the direction of the screen.
14. The slag discharge device according to claim 9, wherein the
emitting hole is provided in the screen.
15. The slag discharge device according to claim 14, wherein the
emitting hole emits gas instead of the liquid.
16. A slag discharge method of using a slag discharge device which
is provided on a combustor of a gasifier gasifying a carbon
containing fuel and discharges slag produced in and falling from
the combustor out of the gasifier, comprising: a first step of
emitting liquid, which is pressurized from an emitting hole,
fluidizes the slag, and causes the slag to pass through a plurality
of openings, onto the slag accumulated on a top face of a screen
which is provided transversely with respect to the fall direction
of the slag and has the plurality of openings; and a second step of
moving crushing means for crushing the slag accumulated on the top
face of the screen along the top face of the screen.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a slag discharge apparatus
and a slag discharge method.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] An ash hopper, in which slag (molten slag) produced in and
falling from a combustor is collected, is provided in a lower
portion of a gasifier which gasifies a carbonaceous feedstock such
as coal (PTLs 1 and 2).
[0003] A slag crusher which includes a screen and a spreader is
provided in the ash hopper. The slag falling from the combustor is
rapidly cooled by water so as to be solidified, and falls on a top
face of the screen included in the slag crusher.
[0004] The screen is provided transversely with respect to the fall
direction of the slag and includes a plurality of openings.
Accordingly, slag pieces which are smaller than diameters of the
openings pass through the screen, and fall to the lower portion of
the ash hopper.
[0005] Meanwhile, slag pieces which are larger than the diameters
of the openings, or a slag lump which is an accumulation of the
slag pieces which are smaller than the diameters of the openings
are accumulated on the top face of the screen. In the slag lump,
slag pieces are combined by a friction force in particle layers or
cross-linking due to powder pressure.
[0006] Accordingly, for example, the spreader provided on the top
face of the screen is moved along the top face of the screen by a
hydraulic cylinder, and the spreader crushes the slag by applying
the slag accumulated on the top face of the screen so as to allow
the slag to pass through the screen.
[0007] The slag, which falls from the openings of the screen to the
lower portion of the ash hopper and is accumulated, is discharged
from the gasifier out of a system via a lock hopper.
CITATION LIST
Patent Literature
[0008] [PTL 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication
No. H7-247484
[0009] [PTL 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication
No. H9-38510
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Technical Problem
[0010] However, even when the spreader is operated, the accumulated
slag may be not crushed, and the slag may not pass through the
screen by only collecting the slag in the operating direction of
the slag crusher.
[0011] In addition, an accumulation amount of the slag on the top
face of the screen increases, the slag may not be discharged from
the gasifier, and the inner portion of the ash hopper may be filled
with the slag. In this case, the operation of the gasifier cannot
be continued, and the gasifier is stopped.
[0012] The present invention is made in consideration of the
above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide
a slag discharge apparatus and a slag discharge method capable of
allowing the slag accumulated on the top face of the screen more
easily to pass through the openings of the screen.
Solution to Problem
[0013] In order to solve the above-described problems, a slag
discharge apparatus and a slag discharge method of the present
invention adopt the following means.
[0014] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a slag discharge apparatus which is provided on a
combustor of a gasifier gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock and
discharges slag produced in and falling from the combustor out of
the gasifier, comprising: a screen which is provided transversely
with respect to the fall direction of the slag and has a plurality
of openings to allow slag pieces which are smaller than diameters
of the openings to pass through the screen; crushing means moving
along a top face of the screen to crush the slag accumulated on the
top face of the screen; and a spouting hole which spouts
pressurized liquid onto the slag accumulated on the screen.
[0015] The slag discharge apparatus according to the present
configuration is provided on a combustor of a gasifier gasifying
the carbonaceous feedstock and discharges slag produced in and
falling from the combustor out of the gasifier.
[0016] In addition, the slag discharge apparatus includes the
screen which is provided transversely with respect to the fall
direction of the slag and has the plurality of openings. The slag
pieces, which are smaller than the diameters of the openings of the
screen, pass through the openings so as to fall. Meanwhile, the
slag, which does not pass through the openings and is accumulated
on the top face of the screen, is crushed by the crushing means
moving along the top face of the screen.
[0017] Here, the slag which is accumulated on the top face of the
screen include a slag lump in which slag pieces smaller than the
diameters of the openings are combined by a friction force or
cross-linking due to powder pressure.
[0018] In order to remove the accumulated slag, the pressurized
liquid is spouted from the spouting hole onto the slag accumulated
on the top face of the screen. The combination due to the
cross-linking is cut by spouting the pressurized liquid onto
particles of the slag which are combined by the cross-linking.
Accordingly, the slag is gently fluidized from a stationary state.
In addition, for example, the liquid spouted onto the slag is
water.
[0019] In addition, the slag which is easily fluidized is made to
flow by the liquid spouted from the spouting hole. Accordingly, the
slag falls along with the liquid from the openings of the screen
without moving the crush means. In addition, the slag easily falls
from the openings by moving the crushing means.
[0020] As described above, in the present configuration, the slag
accumulated on the top face of the screen can easily be passed
through the openings of the screen.
[0021] In the first aspect, preferably, the spouting hole is
provided on a side wall of the screen which is erected in parallel
with respect to an operating direction of the crushing means.
[0022] According to the present configuration, it is possible to
easily and uniformly spout the pressurized liquid onto the
accumulated slag.
[0023] In the first aspect, preferably, the spouting hole is
provided in the crushing means.
[0024] According to the present configuration, since the
pressurized liquid is more reliably spouted onto the slag crushed
by the crushing means, it is possible to reliably crush the
accumulated slag.
[0025] In the first aspect, preferably, the crushing means includes
an inclined surface which is inclined forward with respect to a
crushing direction of the slag.
[0026] According to the present configuration, since a downward
force is applied to the accumulated slag, it is possible to more
reliably crush the accumulated slag.
[0027] In the first aspect, preferably, the spouting hole is
provided on the inclined surface, and spouts the liquid in the
direction of the screen.
[0028] According to the present configuration, since the downward
force is also added to the slag, which is crushed by the crushing
means, due to the spouted liquid, it is possible to more reliably
crush the accumulated slag.
[0029] In the first aspect, preferably, the spouting hole is
provided in the screen.
[0030] According to the present configuration, it is possible to
prevent the slag from being accumulated on the top face of the
screen, and it is possible to easily and uniformly spout the
pressurized liquid onto the accumulated slag.
[0031] In the first aspect, preferably, the spouting hole spouts
gas instead of the liquid.
[0032] According to the present configuration, since gas is spouted
from the top face of the screen in a state where the top face of
the screen is filled with water, combination due to cross-linking
of the slag is cut by rising of air bubbles. Accordingly, since the
slag is fluidized, the slag accumulated on the top face of the
screen more easily passes through the openings of the screen.
[0033] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a slag discharge method of using a slag discharge
apparatus which is provided on a combustor of a gasifier gasifying
a carbonaceous feedstock and discharges slag produced in and
falling from the combustor out of the gasifier, comprising: a first
step of spouting pressurized liquid from a spouting hole onto slag
accumulated on a top face of a screen which is provided
transversely with respect to the fall direction of the slag and has
a plurality of openings; and a second step of moving crushing means
for crushing the slag accumulated on the top face of the screen
along the top face of the screen.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
[0034] According to the present invention, excellent effects are
obtained in which slag accumulated on a top face of a screen can
easily pass through openings of the screen.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0035] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section view of a gasifier
according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
[0036] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section view of a slag crusher
according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] FIG. 3 is a front view of a spreader according to the first
embodiment of the present invention.
[0038] FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view when a spreader
according to a second embodiment of the present invention is viewed
from a side.
[0039] FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view when the spreader
according to the second embodiment of the present invention is
viewed from a front side.
[0040] FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section view of a screen according
to a third embodiment of the present invention.
[0041] FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section view of a screen according
to a modification example of the third embodiment of the present
invention.
[0042] FIG. 8 is a longitudinal section view of a screen according
to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[0043] FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section view of a screen according
to a modification example of the fourth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0044] FIG. 10 is a top view of a slag crusher according to a fifth
embodiment of the present invention.
[0045] FIG. 11 is a longitudinal section view of a screen and a
side wall according to the fifth embodiment of the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0046] Hereinafter, embodiments of a slag discharge apparatus and a
slag discharge method according to the present invention will be
described with reference to the drawings.
First Embodiment
[0047] Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention
will be described.
[0048] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section view of a gasifier 10
according to the first embodiment.
[0049] As carbonaceous feedstocks applied to the gasifier according
to the first embodiment, there are wastes such as waste tires or
plastics in addition to heavy fuels such as coal, petroleum coke,
coal coke, asphalt, pitch, or oil shale. In the following
embodiments, a case in which the gasified carbonaceous feedstock is
coal will be described.
[0050] In the gasifier 10, pulverized coal which is supplied from a
coal supply device (not shown) and char which is recovered by
dedusting device (not shown) react with an oxidizing agent in a
combustor 12 under a high temperature atmosphere of approximately
1500.degree. C. to 1800.degree. C. which is an ash melting point or
more. Accordingly, when the pulverized coal is combusted at a high
temperature in the combustor 12, coal gas which is combustible gas
is generated, and slag 14 in which ash in the pulverized coal is
melted is generated.
[0051] In addition, the high-temperature coal gas obtained by the
high temperature combustion in the combustor 12 flows into a
reductor 16 which is provided on the upper stage of the combustor
12. The pulverized coal and the char are also supplied to the
reductor 16, the supplied pulverized coal and char are further
gasified, and coal gas which is combustible gas is generated. In
addition, the combustor 12 according to the first embodiment is an
entrained bed type combustor. However, the combustor 12 is not
limited to this, and may be a fluidized bed type combustor or a
fixed bed type combustor.
[0052] An ash hopper 18, which collects the slag 14 produced in and
falling from the combustor 12, is provided in the lower portion of
the gasifier 10.
[0053] The ash hopper 18 is provided with a slag crusher 20 which
crushes the slag 14 and discharges the slag out of the gasifier
10.
[0054] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section view showing a
configuration of the slag crusher 20 according to the first
embodiment.
[0055] The slag crusher 20 is provided with a screen 22, a spreader
24, and a nozzle 26.
[0056] The slag 14 falling from the combustor 12 is rapidly cooled
by water (hereinafter, referred to as "ash hopper water") which is
spouted from an ash hopper water-supply pipe 28 so as to be
solidified, and the solidified slag falls to the top face of the
screen 22 provided in the slag crusher 20.
[0057] The screen 22 with a plurality of openings 30 is provided
transversely with respect to the fall direction of the slag 14, and
slag pieces 14 which are smaller than diameters of the openings 30
pass through the screen. For example, the screen 22 is a
plate-shaped member which includes the openings 30.
[0058] The slag 14 passing through the openings 30 falls to the
lower portion of the ash hopper 18 along with the ash hopper water.
As shown in FIG. 1, a lock hopper 34 is connected to the lower
portion of the ash hopper 18, and the slag 14 falling to the lower
portion of the ash hopper 18 is discharged out of the system via
the lock hopper 34.
[0059] In addition, as an example, the gasifier 10 of FIG. 1 adopts
a gravity falling method in which the slag 14 is discharged out of
the system by making the slag 14 fall to the lock hopper 34.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a
horizontal suction method may be adopted in which the slag 14 is
extracted so as to be reused without causing the slag 14 to fall to
the lock hopper 34.
[0060] The spreader 24 is moved along the top face of the screen 22
by the hydraulic cylinder 36, and crushes the slag 14 accumulated
on the top face of the screen 22. In addition, the position of the
spreader 24 shown in FIG. 2 is a standby position before the
spreader moves along the top face of the screen 22.
[0061] A receiving plate 38 is provided on a side opposite to the
standby position of the spreader 24. That is, the spreader 24 moves
from the standby position to the receiving plate 38, and the slag
14 accumulated on the top face of the screen 22 is collected. In
addition, the slag 14 is interposed between the spreader 24 and the
receiving plate 38, and the accumulated slag 14 is crushed. In
addition, protrusion portions 40 are provided on a front surface of
the spreader 24 so as to easily crush the slag 14.
[0062] In addition, the spreader 24 according to the first
embodiment is provided with an inclined surface 24A which is
inclined forward with respect to the crushing direction of the slag
14. The inclined surface 24A is provided on the lower portion of
the spreader 24. The spreader 24 collects the accumulated slag 14
mainly by the inclined surface 24A. The portion above the inclined
surface 24A becomes a perpendicular surface 24B perpendicular to
the screen 22.
[0063] In addition, the nozzle 26 is a spouting hole which spouts
pressurized liquid onto the slag 14 accumulated on the screen 22.
The nozzle 26 according to the first embodiment is provided on the
inclined surface 24A of the spreader 24. As shown in a front view
of the spreader 24 of FIG. 3, for example, the plurality of nozzles
26 are horizontally provided on the inclined surface 24A.
[0064] For example, the pressurized liquid which is spouted from
the nozzle 26 is water. However, the present invention is not
limited to this, and the pressurized liquid may be liquid which can
cut cross-linking of the slag 14 as described below. In addition,
in descriptions below, the pressurized water is referred to as high
pressure water. For example, the pressure of the high pressure
water is 3 MPa to 5 MPa.
[0065] A water supply pipe 42, through which the high pressure
water is supplied to the ash hopper water-supply pipe 28, is
branched and connected to the nozzle 26. More specifically, the
branched water supply pipe 42 is connected to a high pressure hose
44. The high pressure hose 44 has flexibility so as to correspond
to the movement of the spreader 24, and is supported by a high
pressure hose receiver 46.
[0066] The high pressure hose 44 is connected to a high pressure
water header 48. The high pressure water header supplies the
plurality of nozzles 26 with the high pressure water.
[0067] Next, an operation of the slag crusher 20 according to the
first embodiment will be described.
[0068] The slag 14 generated in the combustor 12 falls on the top
face of the screen 22.
[0069] In the slag 14 which falls on the top face of the screen 22,
slag pieces 14 which are smaller than the diameters of the openings
30 of the screen 22 pass through the openings 30, and fall to the
lower portion of the ash hopper 18, that is, the lower portion of
the gasifier 10.
[0070] Meanwhile, slag pieces 14 which are larger than the
diameters of the openings 30, or slag lumps which are accumulations
of the slag pieces 14 which are smaller than the diameters of the
openings 30 cannot pass through the openings 30, and are
accumulated on the top face of the screen 22.
[0071] Accordingly, the spreader 24 moves from the standby position
to the receiving plate 38 along the top face of the screen 22 every
fixed time interval. Accordingly, the spreader 24 crushes the
accumulated slag 14 such that the slag 14 easily passes through the
openings 30.
[0072] In addition, since the spreader 24 according to the first
embodiment applies a downward force to the accumulated slag 14
using the inclined surface 24A, the accumulated slag 14 can be more
reliably crushed.
[0073] However, the slag lumps, in which small slag pieces 14 are
combined by cross-linking, are not crushed by the spreader 24, do
not pass through the openings 30, and may be collected in the
movement direction of the spreader 24.
[0074] Accordingly, the high pressure water is spouted from the
nozzles 26, which are provided on the inclined surface 24A of the
spreader 24, toward the slag 14. Since the high pressure water is
spouted to the particles of the slag 14 combined by cross-linking,
the combination by cross-linking is cut. Accordingly, the slag 14
is gently fluidized from a stationary state.
[0075] In addition, since the nozzles 26 are provided on the
inclined surface 24A, the high pressure water is more reliably
spouted to the slag 14 which is crushed by the spreader 24.
Accordingly, it is possible more reliably crush the accumulated
slag 14.
[0076] Moreover, a time interval of the emission of the high
pressure water from the nozzles 26 may be the same as a time
interval of the movement of the spreader 24, or the emission of the
high pressure water may be intermittently or continuously performed
regardless of the time interval of the movement of the spreader
24.
[0077] In addition, the slag 14, which is easily fluidized, is made
to flow by the high pressure water spouted from the nozzles 26.
Accordingly, the slag 14 falls from the openings 30 of the screen
22 along with the high pressure water without moving the spreader
24. In addition, the slag 14 easily falls from the openings 30 even
by moving spreader 24.
[0078] As described above, the slag crusher 20 according to the
first embodiment is provided with the screen 22 which is provided
transversely with respect to the fall direction of the slag 14 and
has the plurality of openings to allow the slag pieces 14 which are
smaller than diameters of the openings 30 to pass through the
screen, the spreader 24 which moves along the top face of the
screen 22 to crush the slag 14 accumulated on the top face of the
screen 22, and the nozzles 26 which spouts the high pressure water
onto the slag 14 accumulated on the screen 22.
[0079] Accordingly, the slag crusher 20 causes the slag 14
accumulated on the top face of the screen 22 to more easily pass
through the openings 30 of the screen 22. Therefore, even when the
slag 14 is accumulated on the top face of the screen 22, it is
possible to more reliably discharge the slag 14 by the slag crusher
20. As a result, it is possible to prevent the operation of the
gasifier 10 from being stopped due to accumulation of the slag 14,
and a continuous operation of the gasifier 10 can be performed.
[0080] Moreover, in the slag crusher 20 according to the first
embodiment, the nozzles 26 are provided on the inclined surface 24A
of the spreader 24. However, the present invention is not limited
to this, and the nozzles 26 may be provided on the perpendicular
surface 24B of the spreader 24.
Second Embodiment
[0081] Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention
will be described.
[0082] Since the configuration of the gasifier 10 according to the
second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the gasifier
10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, descriptions
thereof are omitted.
[0083] FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view when the spreader 24
according to the second embodiment is viewed from a side. FIG. 5 is
a longitudinal sectional view when the spreader 24 according to the
second embodiment is viewed from a front side, and is a section
view taken along A-A in FIG. 4. In addition, in FIGS. 4 and 5, the
same reference numerals as those of FIGS. 2 and 3 are assigned to
the same configuration portions as those of FIGS. 2 and 3, and
descriptions thereof are omitted.
[0084] The nozzles 26 according to the second embodiment are
provided on the inclined surface 24A, and spouts high pressure
water in the direction of the screen 22.
[0085] For example, a header 50 is provided in the inner portion of
the spreader 24. The plurality of nozzles 26 facing downward are
connected to the header 50, and the high pressure water is spouted
from the nozzles 26 to the top face of the screen 22. Moreover, the
time interval of the emission of the high pressure water from the
nozzles 26 may be the same as the time interval of the movement of
the spreader 24, or the emission of the high pressure water may be
intermittently or continuously performed regardless of the time
interval of the movement of the spreader 24. In addition, when the
high pressure water header 48 is provided in the slag crusher 20,
the header 50 may not be provided.
[0086] Accordingly, in the slag crusher 20 according to the second
embodiment, since the downward force is applied to the slag 14,
which is crushed by the spreader 24, by the high pressure water, it
is possible to more reliably crush the accumulated slag 14.
Third Embodiment
[0087] Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention
will be described.
[0088] Since the configuration of the gasifier 10 according to the
third embodiment is the same as the configuration of the gasifier
10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, descriptions
thereof are omitted.
[0089] In the slag crusher 20 according to the third embodiment,
nozzles 60 which spouts high pressure water are provided in the
screen 22.
[0090] FIG. 6 is an example of a longitudinal section view of the
screen 22 according to the third embodiment of the present
invention.
[0091] In the example of FIG. 6, the nozzles 60, to which the high
pressure water is supplied via headers 62, are provided on the side
surface of the openings 30 of the screen 22. The water supply pipe
42, through which the high pressure water is supplied to the ash
hopper water-supply pipe 28, is branched, and is connected to the
header 62.
[0092] FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section view of the screen
according to a modification example of the third embodiment.
[0093] In the example of FIG. 7, the nozzles 60, to which the high
pressure water is supplied via the headers 62, are provided on the
top face of the screen 22.
[0094] In addition, the time interval of the emission of the high
pressure water from the nozzles 60 may be the same as the time
interval of the movement of the spreader 24, or the emission of the
high pressure water may be intermittently or continuously performed
regardless of the time interval of the movement of the spreader
24.
[0095] In the slag crusher 20 according to the third embodiment,
since the high pressure water is spouted to particles of the slag
14 combined by cross-linking, the combination by the cross-linking
is cut. Accordingly, the accumulated slag 14 is easily
fluidized.
[0096] Moreover, since the pressure water is spouted from the lower
portion of the screen 22 toward the upper portion, it is possible
to prevent the slag 14 from being accumulated on the top face of
the screen 22, and it is possible to easily and uniformly spout the
pressurized liquid to the accumulated slag 14.
Fourth Embodiment
[0097] Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the present invention
will be described.
[0098] Since the configuration of the gasifier 10 according to the
fourth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the gasifier
10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, descriptions
thereof are omitted.
[0099] FIGS. 8 and 9 are longitudinal section views of the screen
22 according to the fourth embodiment. In addition, in FIGS. 8 and
9, the same reference numerals as those of FIGS. 6 and 7 are
assigned to the same configuration portions as those of FIGS. 6 and
7, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
[0100] In this screen 22 according to the fourth embodiment, high
pressure gas (hereinafter, referred to as "high pressure gas")
instead of the high pressure water is spouted from the nozzles 60.
Accordingly, the headers 62 are connected to the high pressure gas
supply pipe 42 through which the high pressure gas is supplied.
[0101] Moreover, the time interval of the emission of the high
pressure gas from the nozzles 60 may be the same as the time
interval of the movement of the spreader 24, or the emission of the
high pressure gas may be intermittently or continuously performed
regardless of the time interval of the movement of the spreader
24.
[0102] Due to the high pressure water spouted from the nozzles 60
provided in the spreader 24 or the water from the ash hopper
water-supply pipe 28, the top face of the screen 22 is filled with
water.
[0103] In addition, in the slag crusher 20 according to the fourth
embodiment, since the gas is spouted from the top face of the
screen 22 in the state where the top face of the screen 22 is
filled with water, air bubbles of the high pressure gas rise from
the top face of the screen 22. The combination of the slag 14 by
cross-linking is cut by the rising of the air bubbles. Accordingly,
since the slag 14 is fluidized, the slag 14 accumulated on the top
face of the screen 22 more easily passes through the openings 30 of
the screen 22.
Fifth Embodiment
[0104] Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of the present invention
will be described.
[0105] Since the configuration of the gasifier 10 according to the
fifth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the gasifier
10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, descriptions
thereof are omitted.
[0106] FIG. 10 is a top view of the slag crusher 20 according to
the fifth embodiment.
[0107] FIG. 11 is a longitudinal section view of the screen 22 and
side walls 70 according to the fifth embodiment, and is a sectional
view taken along A-A in FIG. 10. In addition, in FIGS. 10 and 11,
the same reference numerals as those of FIGS. 2 and 3 are assigned
to the same configuration portions as those of FIGS. 2 and 3, and
descriptions thereof are omitted.
[0108] The slag crusher 20 according to the fifth embodiment
includes nozzles 72 which spout high pressure water at the side
walls 70 of the screen 22 which are erected in parallel with
respect to the operation direction of the spreader 24.
[0109] As shown in FIG. 11, for example, the nozzles 72 are
provided in the lower portions of the side walls 70.
[0110] In the slag crusher 20 according to the fifth embodiment, it
is possible to easily and uniformly spout the high pressure water
to the accumulated slag 14. In addition, since the nozzles 72 are
provided on the side walls 70, it is possible to easily install the
nozzles 70 on the slag crusher 20.
[0111] In addition, the high pressure water spouted from the
nozzles 72 may be also used as the ash hopper water.
[0112] Hereinbefore, the present invention is described using the
embodiments. However, the technical scope of the present invention
is not limited to the scope described in the embodiments. Various
modifications or improvements are added to the embodiments within a
scope which does not depart from the gist of the present invention,
and aspects to which modifications or improvements are added are
also included in the technical scope of the present invention. In
addition, the plurality of embodiments may be combined.
[0113] For example, in the embodiments, the aspect in which the
spreader 24 moves toward the receiving plate 38 is described.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an
aspect may be adopted in which the spreader 24 is provided instead
of the receiving plate 38 and a pair of spreaders 24 moves along
the top face of the screen 22 to crush the slag 14.
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST
[0114] 10: gasifier [0115] 12: combustor [0116] 14: slag [0117] 20:
slag crusher [0118] 22: screen [0119] 24: spreader [0120] 24A:
inclined surface [0121] 26: nozzle [0122] 30: opening [0123] 60:
nozzle [0124] 70: side wall [0125] 72: nozzle
* * * * *