U.S. patent application number 15/138861 was filed with the patent office on 2016-08-18 for fluid valve apparatus having enclosed seals.
The applicant listed for this patent is Fisher Controls International LLC. Invention is credited to David John Koester.
Application Number | 20160238149 15/138861 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51355659 |
Filed Date | 2016-08-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160238149 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Koester; David John |
August 18, 2016 |
FLUID VALVE APPARATUS HAVING ENCLOSED SEALS
Abstract
Fluid valve apparatus having enclosed seals are disclosed. An
example apparatus includes a seal having an inner core composed of
a first material and an outer sheath composed of a second material
different than the first material, a carrier having a first portion
and a second portion extending from the first portion. The first
portion couples to the seal. The second portion clamps between a
retainer and a valve body of a fluid valve to couple the seal to
the valve body. A first surface of the second portion engages the
retainer and a second surface of the second portion opposite the
first surface engages the valve body when the second portion of the
carrier is clamped between the retainer and the valve body.
Inventors: |
Koester; David John;
(Marshalltown, IA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Fisher Controls International LLC |
Marshalltown |
IA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
51355659 |
Appl. No.: |
15/138861 |
Filed: |
April 26, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13953411 |
Jul 29, 2013 |
|
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15138861 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16K 25/005 20130101;
F16K 1/465 20130101; F16K 1/2261 20130101; F16K 5/0457
20130101 |
International
Class: |
F16K 25/00 20060101
F16K025/00; F16K 1/46 20060101 F16K001/46; F16K 1/226 20060101
F16K001/226 |
Claims
1. An apparatus comprising: a seal having an inner core composed of
a first material and an outer sheath composed of a second material
different than the first material; and a carrier having a first
portion and a second portion extending from the first portion, the
first portion to couple to the seal, the second portion to be
clamped between a retainer and a valve body of a fluid valve to
couple the seal to the valve body, a first surface of the second
portion is to engage the retainer and a second surface of the
second portion opposite the first surface is to engage the valve
body when the second portion of the carrier is clamped between the
retainer and the valve body.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the carrier is coupled to the
seal via a weld.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the carrier is to allow the
seal to compress or deflect relative to a center axis of a flow
control member when the flow control member engages the seal.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the seal or
the carrier is ring-shaped.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first portion of the
carrier is to deflect or move relative to the second portion of the
carrier.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inner core comprises
graphite material and the outer sheath comprises a metallic
material.
7. An apparatus comprising: a valve body defining a fluid flow
passageway between an inlet and an outlet; a flow control member
positioned in the fluid flow passageway to control fluid flow
between the inlet and the outlet; a retainer removably coupled to
the valve body; and a seal assembly positioned between the retainer
and the flow control member, the flow control member to engage the
seal assembly to restrict or prevent fluid flow through the fluid
flow passageway, the seal assembly including: a seal; and a carrier
coupled to the seal, the carrier to enable the seal to compress or
deflect when the flow control member engages the seal, the carrier
to urge the seal radially inward toward a center of the fluid flow
passageway and toward a sealing edge of the flow control member to
provide a sufficiently tight seal between the seal and the sealing
edge of the flow control member, the carrier having a first end and
a second end, the first end being coupled to the seal and the
second end being clamped between the retainer and the valve
body.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the seal includes a first seal
portion and a second seal portion encasing the first seal
portion.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first seal portion is
composed of an expanded graphite material and the second seal
portion composed of a metallic material.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the carrier includes a
J-shaped profile.
11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the seal is coupled to the
first end of the carrier via a weld.
12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the seal and the carrier
provide a pressure-assisted seal.
13. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the second end of the carrier
includes a first face and a second face opposite the first face,
the first face to engage a surface of the retainer and the second
face to engage a surface of the valve body when the second end of
the carrier is clamped between the retainer and the valve body.
14. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the carrier is shaped to bias
to the seal.
15. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the carrier suspends the seal
within the fluid flow passageway of the fluid valve.
16. An apparatus comprising: a flow control member positioned
between an inlet and an outlet of a fluid flow passageway of a
fluid valve; a retainer removably coupled to a valve body of the
fluid valve; and a seal assembly positioned within the fluid flow
passageway, the seal assembly including: a seal having an annular
ring composed of a first material and an outer sheath composed of a
second material different than the first material; and a carrier
coupled to the seal, the carrier having a first portion to support
the seal and a second portion to be clamped between the retainer
and the valve body to suspend the seal in the fluid flow passageway
adjacent a sealing surface of the flow control member.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the outer sheath is
relatively thin compared to the annular ring to enable the annular
ring to resiliently deform to cause the outer sheath to seal
against the sealing surface of the flow control member to provide a
shut-off that is substantially equivalent to a shut-off capability
provided by the annular ring if the outer sheath was not coupled to
the annular ring.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first portion of the
carrier is to deflect relative to the second portion to enable the
seal to compress or deflect when the sealing surface of the flow
control member sealingly engages the seal.
19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the carrier is to bias the
seal toward a center of the fluid flow passageway.
20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the carrier is to urge the
seal against the sealing surface of the flow control member when
the flow control member engages the seal.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This patent arises from a continuation of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 13/953,411, filed on Jul. 29, 2013, titled
Fluid Valve Apparatus having Enclosed Seals, which is incorporated
herein by reference in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] This disclosure relates generally to valves and, more
particularly, to fluid valve apparatus having enclosed seals.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Control valves (e.g., sliding stem valves, rotary valves,
axial flow valves, globe valves, etc.) are commonly used in
industrial processes (e.g., oil and gas pipeline distribution
systems and chemical processing plants) to control the flow of
process fluids. To control fluid flow, a control valve often
employs a flow control member (e.g., a plate, a disk, a plug, etc.)
that moves relative to a valve seat positioned in a valve body of
the control valve. For example, a control valve having a relatively
tight shut-off capability provides shut-off control such that
substantially no fluid flows through the control valve when the
flow control member sealingly engages the valve seat. Fluid flow
may be allowed and/or increased as the flow control member moves
and/or rotates away from the valve seat.
[0004] Some known control valves employ a seal as part of the valve
seat and/or the control flow member (e.g., along a peripheral edge
of the flow control member) to effect and/or improve a seal between
the flow control member and the valve seat. Typically, industrial
process conditions, such as pressure conditions, operation
temperatures, and the type of process fluids dictate the type of
seals that may be used. For example, soft seals composed of
elastomers (e.g., EPDM) or fluoropolymers (e.g., PTFE) allow the
flow control member to engage the valve seat more tightly and,
thus, provide improved sealing characteristics to help prevent or
restrict fluid flow through the control valve (i.e., provide
relatively tight shut-off or seal characteristics). However, soft
seals composed of elastomers or fluoropolymers have lower
temperature and/or erosion resistance characteristics compared to,
for example, seals composed of metal. For example, some soft seals
may become damaged when used with process fluids having
temperatures greater than 600.degree. F. and/or may erode when used
with process fluids having significant fluid pressures or
velocities. Thus, such known seals can be used in a limited
temperature range and/or with flows having a limited pressure or
velocity range.
[0005] Seals composed of metal, on the other hand, provide greater
resistance to temperature and erosion compared to soft seals. While
such known metal seals have greater resistance to high temperatures
and erosion, such known metal seals provide inferior sealing
capabilities compared to soft seals and, thus, metal seals may not
meet desired shut-off capability and/or classification. In some
applications, control valves employ a laminated seal composed of
graphite and stainless steel. Although such known laminated
graphite seals enable a relatively tight shut-off over a wide
temperature range, portions of the graphite layers that remain
exposed to the process fluids having relatively high pressures or
velocities may be susceptible to erosion.
SUMMARY
[0006] An example includes a seal having an inner core composed of
a first material and an outer sheath composed of a second material
different than the first material, a carrier having a first portion
and a second portion extending from the first portion. The first
portion couples to the seal. The second portion clamps between a
retainer and a valve body of a fluid valve to couple the seal to
the valve body. A first surface of the second portion engages the
retainer and a second surface of the second portion opposite the
first surface engages the valve body when the second portion of the
carrier is clamped between the retainer and the valve body.
[0007] Another example apparatus includes a valve body defining a
fluid flow passageway between an inlet and an outlet. A flow
control member is positioned in the fluid flow passageway to
control fluid flow between the inlet and the outlet. A retainer is
removably coupled to the valve body. A seal assembly is positioned
between the retainer and the flow control member. The flow control
member is to engage the seal assembly to restrict or prevent fluid
flow through the fluid flow passageway. The seal assembly includes
a seal and a carrier coupled to the seal. The carrier is to enable
the seal to compress or deflect when the flow control member
engages the seal. The carrier is to urge the seal radially inward
toward a center of the fluid flow passageway and toward a sealing
edge of the flow control member to provide a sufficiently tight
seal between the seal and the sealing edge of the flow control
member. The carrier has a first end and a second end. The first end
is coupled to the seal and the second end is clamped between the
retainer and the valve body.
[0008] Another example apparatus includes a flow control member
positioned between an inlet and an outlet of a fluid flow
passageway of a fluid valve. A retainer is removably coupled to a
valve body of the fluid valve. A seal assembly is positioned within
the fluid flow passageway. The seal assembly includes a seal having
an annular ring composed of a first material and an outer sheath
composed of a second material different than the first material,
and a carrier coupled to the seal. The carrier having a first
portion to support the seal and a second portion to be clamped
between the retainer and the valve body to suspend the seal in the
fluid flow passageway adjacent a sealing surface of the flow
control member.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates a fluid valve constructed in accordance
with the teachings disclosed herein.
[0010] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the example
fluid valve shown in FIG. 1.
[0011] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the example fluid valve shown
in FIG. 2.
[0012] FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of another example
fluid valve constructed in accordance with the teachings disclosed
herein.
[0013] FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the example
fluid valve of FIG. 4.
[0014] FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of another example
fluid valve constructed in accordance with the teachings disclosed
herein.
[0015] FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional, enlarged view of the
example fluid valve of FIG. 6, but implemented with another example
seal disclosed herein.
[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates another example fluid valve constructed
in accordance with the teachings disclosed herein.
[0017] FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the example
fluid valve of FIG. 8 shown in a closed position.
[0018] FIG. 10 is a partial, enlarged view of the fluid valve of
FIGS. 8 and 9.
[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates another fluid valve constructed in
accordance with the teachings disclosed herein.
[0020] FIGS. 12A and 12B illustrate another fluid valve constructed
in accordance with the teachings disclosed herein.
[0021] Certain examples are shown above in the identified figures
and described below in detail. In describing these examples, like
or identical reference numbers are used to identify the same or
similar elements. The figures are not necessarily to scale. Certain
features and views of the figures may be exaggerated in scale or
may be in schematic form for clarity or conciseness. Additionally,
several examples have been described throughout this specification.
Any features from any example may replace, be included with, or
otherwise combine with other features from other examples.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The example fluid valves disclosed herein employ movable
flow control members having a sealing surface to sealingly engage a
valve seat of the fluid valve. More specifically, the example flow
control member may include a retainer removably coupled to a body
to define a sealing cavity of the flow control member. A seal or
seal assembly is positioned within the sealing cavity and may be
clamped between the body of the flow control member and the
retainer to define the sealing surface of the flow control member.
In some examples, the example flow control members disclosed herein
may employ a locking or breakout prevention feature, which prevents
the seal or seal assembly from loosening or becoming dislodged from
the sealing cavity when the flow control member moves to an open
position under a relatively high pressure fluid flow. In some
examples, the locking feature may be provided by a clamping plate
or surface of the seal or seal assembly that is captured or pinched
between a wall or surface of the retainer and a wall or surface of
the body to provide an increased holding force when the retainer is
coupled to the body. In some examples, the seal or seal assembly
may include one or more shoulders that are positioned in channels
or grooves formed in the retainer and/or the body of the flow
control member to retain the seal or the seal assembly within a
sealing cavity of the flow control member.
[0023] The example seal or seal assembly disclosed herein may
include a first seal portion (e.g., a graphite seal) encased or
wrapped (e.g., fully or partially) with a second seal portion
(e.g., a protective sheath, film or strip of material). The second
seal portion is a relatively thin layer of material compared to the
first seal portion and protects the first seal portion from damage
that may otherwise occur when the first seal portion is exposed to
process fluids having relatively high temperatures and/or pressures
or velocities.
[0024] The example second seal portion disclosed herein may be
composed of metal or any other material that provides greater
resistance to high temperatures and/or erosion than provided by the
first seal portion. Additionally, while the second seal portion
provides protection to the first seal portion, the second seal
portion is relatively thin compared to the first seal portion so
that the second seal portion can conform, bend, flex and/or
otherwise seal against a sealing surface of a fluid device. As a
result, the relatively thin second seal portion enables the first
seal portion to resiliently deform to cause the second seal portion
to seal against a sealing surface of a fluid valve to provide a
shut-off that is substantially equivalent to a shut-off capability
typically provided by the first seal portion. Thus, although the
second seal portion surrounds a sealing surface of the first seal
portion, the second seal portion does not degrade or affect the
sealing capabilities of the first seal portion. In other words,
even though the second seal portion is positioned between the first
seal portion and the seating surface of the fluid valve, the seal
assembly provides a sealing capability of the first seal portion.
Thus, the example seal assembly disclosed herein may provide
greater temperature and/or erosion resistance while providing a
relatively tight shut-off capability (e.g., a shut-off capability
otherwise provided by a first seal portion composed of expanded
graphite material).
[0025] An example seal that may be incorporated with the example
fluid valves disclosed herein is described in U.S. Pat. No.
4,457,491, which is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
[0026] FIG. 1 depicts a fluid or rotary valve 100 constructed in
accordance with the teachings disclosed herein. The rotary valve
100 shown in FIG. 1 may, for example, be used to control process
fluids, such as natural gas, oil, water, etc. over a wide range of
temperatures and/or fluid pressures. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary
valve 100 defines a fluid flow passageway 102 between an inlet 104
and an outlet 106 and a movable flow control member 108 (e.g., a
disk) is interposed in the fluid flow passageway 102 to control
fluid flow through the fluid flow passageway 102. More
specifically, the flow control member 108 is operatively coupled to
an actuator (not shown) (e.g., a manual actuator, a pneumatic
actuator, etc.) via a valve shaft 110 that causes the flow control
member 108 to move (e.g., rotate, turn, etc.) relative to a seating
surface 114 (e.g., a seat ring) of the fluid flow passageway 102
between an open position and a closed position.
[0027] When the flow control member 108 is in the closed position,
a sealing surface 116 of the flow control member 108 engages the
seating surface 114 (e.g., a seat ring) of the rotary valve 100 to
prevent or restrict fluid flow through the fluid flow passageway
102. The sealing surface 116 of the illustrated example is defined
by a seal or seal assembly 118. The flow control member 108 of the
illustrated example includes a retainer 120 removably coupled to a
body 124 of the flow control member 108 via a plurality of
fasteners 122 to retain or clamp the seal 118 to the body 124.
[0028] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the example
rotary valve 100 of FIG. 1 showing the flow control member 108 in a
closed position 200. The flow control member 108 of the illustrated
example comprises a butterfly valve disk 202. When the retainer 120
is coupled to the body 124, the retainer 120 and the body 124
define a sealing cavity 204. The sealing cavity 204 of the
illustrated example is defined adjacent an outer peripheral edge
206 of the body 124 and/or the retainer 120. More specifically, the
sealing cavity 204 defines an annular groove or slot 208 between
the retainer 120 and the body 124. As shown in this example, the
annular groove 208 is formed or provided on an inner surface 210 of
the retainer 120. Additionally or alternatively, in other examples,
the annular groove 208 may be positioned on the body 124 of the
disk 202.
[0029] The seal 118 of the illustrated example is positioned,
clamped or otherwise retained within the sealing cavity 204 via the
retainer 120. The seal 118 of the illustrated example is an annular
ring that at least partially protrudes from the sealing cavity 204
relative to the peripheral edge 206 of the flow control member 108
to sealingly engage the seating surface 114 of the rotary valve
100.
[0030] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the rotary valve
100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The seal 118 of the illustrated example
includes a first seal portion 302 composed of a first material and
a second seal portion 304 composed of a second material different
than the first material. The first seal portion 302 is an inner
core or layer composed of the first material and the second seal
portion 304 is an outer layer composed of the second material. More
specifically, the first seal portion 302 of the illustrated example
is substantially encased or enclosed by the second seal portion
304. In other words, the second seal portion 304 substantially
surrounds a perimeter of the first seal portion 302 such that a gap
306 between ends 308, 310 of the second seal portion 304 is
provided to expose a portion of the first seal portion 302. In this
manner, the gap 306 of the illustrated example allows the first
seal portion 302 to expand, for example, when the flow control
member 108 is in the closed position 200 and the seal 118 is
sealingly engaged with the seating surface 114. In other examples,
the second seal portion 304 may enclose or encase (e.g., completely
enclosed) the first seal portion 302 such that the ends 308, 310 of
the second seal portion 304 engage or overlap one another such that
no portion of the first seal portion 302 is exposed.
[0031] The first seal portion 302 of the illustrated example is a
core 312 composed of graphite or expanded graphite material having
flexible, resilient characteristics. The second seal portion 304 is
a thin metal sheet, strip, cover or sheath 314 that conforms to a
profile of the core 312. The sheath 314 of the illustrated example
is composed of a metallic material and is relatively thin compared
to the core 312. The second seal portion of the illustrated example
may be composed of stainless steel, an alloy, and/or any other
material (e.g., a non-metallic or plastic material) that may be
used to improve temperature and erosion resistance of the first
seal portion. In particular, the sheath 314 has a thickness that is
significantly thinner than a thickness of the core 312 such that
the core 312 causes the sheath 314 to conform to seating surface
114 of the rotary valve 100 when the flow control member 108
sealingly engages the seating surface 114. In the illustrated
example, the core 312 comprises a curved surface 316 having a
radius to conform to a radius of the seating surface 114 of the
rotary valve 100. When the seal 118 is in sealing engagement with
the seating surface 114, the second seal portion 304 or sheath 314
transfers a load between the seating surface 114 and the first seal
portion 302. In operation, the sheath 314 protects the core 312
from damage and/or erosion when the seal 118 is exposed to process
fluids having relatively high temperatures and/or pressures or
velocities that would otherwise damage and/or erode the core 312
absent the sheath 314.
[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates another example rotary valve 400
disclosed herein. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the
example rotary valve 400 of FIG. 4. The example rotary valve 400 is
substantially similar to the rotary valve 100 of FIGS. 1-4, but is
implemented with another example seal 402 disclosed herein.
[0033] The example rotary valve 400 includes a flow control member
404 having a retainer 406 coupled to a body 408 to define a sealing
cavity 410 about a peripheral edge 412 of the retainer 406 and/or
the body 408. The seal 402 of the illustrated example is positioned
or clamped within the sealing cavity 410. The seal 402 includes a
first seal portion 414 composed of a first material (e.g.,
graphite) encased, wrapped or enclosed with a second seal portion
416 composed of a second material (e.g., stainless steel) different
than the first material. For example, the first seal portion 414
defines a core or an annular ring 418 and is substantially similar
to the first seal portion 302 of the example rotary valve 100 of
FIGS. 1-4.
[0034] The second seal portion 416 of the illustrated example
includes a blowout prevention or locking feature 420. More
specifically, the second seal portion 416 defines an annular strip,
sheet or sheath 422 (e.g., a unitary strip) that includes an edge
424 (e.g., an outer edge) wrapped, crimped or otherwise formed
around at least a portion of the first seal portion 414, and an
intermediate portion 426 (e.g., a strip of material or a circular
plate) extending across at least a portion of an opening 428
defined by the annular ring 418. For example, the intermediate
portion 426 of the second seal portion 416 forms a substantially
circular plate to attach or clamp the seal 402 to the flow control
member 404. More specifically, the intermediate portion 426 is
clamped or captured between a wall or surface 406a of the retainer
406 and a wall or surface 408a the body 408. In some examples, the
intermediate portion 426 may include one or more openings 430 to
receive a fastener 432 of the retainer 406.
[0035] During operation, a temporary suction or vacuum may occur at
an interface between the seal 402 and a seating surface 434 when
the flow control member 404 is moved to an open position (e.g.,
moves away from the seating surface 434 of the rotary valve 400)
while exposed to high pressure fluids. As a result, there is a risk
of the seal 402 being loosened, sucked or pulled out from the
sealing cavity 410 by the fluid forces (e.g., a vacuum) overcoming
the frictional or clamping forces provided by the retainer 406 and
the body 408. In some instances, such blowout can result in the
loss of tight shut-off capability, thereby allowing fluid to flow
through the rotary valve 400 when the flow control member 404 is in
sealing engagement the seating surface 434 of the rotary valve
400.
[0036] However, the intermediate portion 426 being clamped between
the retainer 406 and the body 408 of the flow control member 404
reduces the risk of the seal 402 becoming loose or dislodged from
the sealing cavity 410 of the flow control member 404. Therefore,
the intermediate portion 426 of the second seal portion 416
provides a blowout prevention feature by increasing a clamping or
holding force provided by the retainer 406 and the body 408 to
significantly reduce the likelihood of the seal 402 (e.g., the
first seal portion 416) becoming loose or dislodged from the
sealing cavity 410 when the rotary valve 400 is moved to an open
position while exposed to process fluids having relatively high
pressures.
[0037] FIG. 6 illustrates another example rotary valve 600
constructed in accordance with the teachings disclosed herein. The
example rotary valve 600 includes a flow control member 602 having
a retainer 604 coupled to a body 606 of the flow control member 602
to define a sealing cavity 608 about a peripheral edge 610 of the
retainer 604 and/or the body 606. A seal 612 of the illustrated
example is positioned or clamped within the sealing cavity 608. The
seal 612 includes a first seal portion 614 composed of a first
material (e.g., graphite) encased, wrapped or enclosed with a
second seal portion 616 composed of a second material (e.g.,
stainless steel) different than the first material.
[0038] Similar to the rotary valve 400 of FIGS. 4 and 5, the
example seal 612 of the illustrated example includes a blowout
prevention or locking feature 618 to reduce the risk of the seal
612 loosening or becoming dislodged from the sealing cavity 608 of
the flow control member 602 when the rotary valve 600 is exposed to
high pressure and/or high velocity process fluids. In the
illustrated example, both the first and second seal portions 614,
616 define the locking feature 618. The first seal portion 614
defines a core having annular ring-shaped profile. The first seal
portion 614 also defines a protruding shoulder, lip or leg 620 to
help retain the seal 612 within the sealing cavity 608 of the flow
control member 602. In particular, the first seal portion 614
defines an L-shaped cross-sectional profile. The second seal
portion 616 (e.g., a relatively thin strip of material composed of
metal) wraps around the shoulder portion 620 of the first seal
portion 614.
[0039] The retainer 604 of the illustrated example includes a
groove, slot or channel 622 to receive the shoulder 620 of the
first seal portion 614 when the retainer 604 is coupled to the body
606. As a result, the shoulder 620 of the first seal portion 614
engages a shoulder or wall 624 defined by the channel 622 to help
retain or maintain the seal 612 in the sealing cavity 608 during
operation of the rotary valve 600. In other examples, the body 606
may include a groove or channel instead of the retainer 604 to
receive the shoulder 620 of the first seal portion 614. In yet
other examples, the seal 612 may include another shoulder or leg
(e.g., opposite and similar to the shoulder 620) such that both the
channel 622 in the retainer 604 and a channel in the body 606
receive respective shoulders of the seal 612 to help retain the
seal 612 in the sealing cavity 608 (e.g., a T-shaped seal).
[0040] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the example
rotary valve 600 of FIG. 6, but implemented with another example
seal 700. The example seal 700 of FIG. 7 includes a blowout
prevention or locking feature 702 that is a combination of the
locking feature 420 of FIGS. 4 and 5 and the locking feature 618 of
FIG. 6. More specifically, the seal 700 includes a first seal
portion 704 that is encased with a second seal portion 706. The
first seal portion 704 includes a lip or shoulder 708 similar to
the shoulder 620 of the seal 612 shown in FIG. 6 and the second
seal portion 706 includes an intermediate portion 710 similar to
the intermediate portion 426 of the example seal 402 of FIGS. 4 and
5.
[0041] FIG. 8 illustrates another example rotary valve 800
disclosed herein. As shown in FIG. 8, the rotary valve 800 includes
a movable flow control member 802 (e.g., a movable disk) positioned
within a passageway 804 defined by a valve body 806 of the rotary
valve 800 at which a relatively high pressure fluid may be
presented. The rotary valve 800 includes a retainer ring 808
coupled to the valve body 806 to retain a seal ring assembly 810
within the valve body 806.
[0042] To control the flow of process fluid through the passageway
804, the flow control member 802 is operatively coupled to an
actuator (not shown)(e.g., a manual actuator, a pneumatic actuator,
etc.) via a valve shaft 812. For example, the actuator moves the
flow control member 802 relative to the seal ring assembly 810 in
response to a control signal from a process controller, which may
be part of a distributed control system (neither of which are
shown). During operation, the actuator moves or rotates the flow
control member 802 relative to the seal ring assembly 810 between a
closed position to prevent fluid flow through the passageway 804
and an open position to allow fluid flow through the passageway
804.
[0043] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the example
rotary valve 800 of FIG. 8 shown in a closed position 902. In the
closed position 902, a sealing edge 904 (e.g., a peripheral edge)
of the flow control member 802 sealingly engages the seal ring
assembly 810 to prevent or restrict fluid flow through the
passageway 804. The seal ring assembly 810 of the illustrated
example includes a seal 906 coupled to a carrier 908. The carrier
908 may be composed of metal (e.g., stainless steel) and provides a
spring or biasing effect to the seal 906. In the illustrated
example, a portion of the carrier 908 is positioned or clamped
between the retainer 808 and the valve body 806 and couples the
seal 906 to the valve body 806.
[0044] As the flow control member 802 moves or rotates to the
closed position 902, the sealing edge 904 of the flow control
member 802 engages or slides against the seal 906 and into the
closed position 902. The carrier 908 allows the seal 906 to
compress or deflect as the flow control member 802 is rotated into
the closed position 902 and the carrier 908 biases the seal 906
radially inward (e.g., toward a center of the valve body 806) and
against the sealing edge 904 of the flow control member 802 to
create a sufficiently tight seal between the seal 906 and the
sealing edge 904. Additionally, the example seal 906 and the
carrier 908 provide a pressure-assisted seal. In particular, a
pressure differential across the flow control member 802 provided
by an inlet pressure that is greater than an outlet pressure
provides an unbalanced force at an inlet side of the carrier 908
and the seal 906 that helps assist or bias (e.g., push) the seal
906 against the sealing edge 904.
[0045] FIG. 10 illustrates an enlarged portion of the example
rotary valve 800 of FIGS. 8 and 9. The seal 906 of the illustrated
example includes a first seal portion 1002 composed of a first
material and a second seal portion 1004 composed of a second
material different than the first material. For example, the first
seal portion 1002 is an inner core composed of graphite material
and the second seal portion 1004 is an outer layer or protective
sheath composed of metal (e.g., stainless steel, a nickel based
alloy, etc.). More specifically, the first seal portion 1002 of the
illustrated example is substantially encased or enclosed by the
second seal portion 1004. Further, the second seal portion 1004 is
relatively thin compared to a thickness of the first seal portion
1002. The seal 906 of the illustrated example is substantially
similar to the seal 118 disclosed in connection with FIGS. 1-4 and
the structure and function is substantially similar to the
structure and function of the example seal 118. For example, in
operation, the second seal portion 1004 protects the first seal
portion 1002 from damage and/or erosion when the seal 906 is
exposed to process fluids having relatively high temperatures
and/or pressures or velocities that would otherwise damage and/or
erode the first seal portion 1002 absent the second seal portion
1004. As shown in the illustrated example, the seal 906 is attached
to an end 1006 of the carrier 908 via a weld 1008. However, in
other examples, the seal 906 may be coupled to the carrier 908 via
a mechanical fastener, a chemical fastener such as adhesive, and/or
any other suitable fastener(s) or method(s).
[0046] The example seals disclosed herein are not limited to rotary
valves. In some examples, the seals disclosed herein may be
employed with linear valves such as sliding stem valves. For
example, FIG. 11 illustrates a linear valve 1100 that may be
configured with any one of the example seals 118, 402, 612 and 700
disclosed herein. The linear valve 1100 includes a valve plug 1102
positioned within a fluid flow passageway 1104 of a valve body 1106
and moves relative to a valve seat 1108 to control the flow of
fluid through the passageway 1104. The valve plug 1102 of the
illustrated example includes a retainer 1110 coupled to a plug body
1112. The retainer 1110 and the plug body 1112 define a sealing
cavity 1114 to receive a seal 1116. For example, the seal 1116 of
the illustrated example is substantially similar to the seal 402 of
FIGS. 4 and 5. The retainer 1110 clamps or otherwise couples the
seal 1116 to the plug body 1112. In other examples, the retainer
1110 and/or the plug body 1112 may be configured to receive any one
of the example seals 118, 612 and 700 disclosed herein.
[0047] FIGS. 12A and 12B illustrate another example linear valve
1200 that may be configured with an example seal 1202 disclosed
herein. In the illustrated example, the linear valve 1200 includes
a valve body 1204 defining a fluid flow passageway 1206. A seat
ring 1208 is positioned within the passageway 1206 and includes an
opening 1210 defining an orifice of the passageway 1206. A flow
control member 1212 moves within a retainer or cage 1214 and
relative to the seat ring 1208 to control fluid flow through the
valve 1200. Referring to FIG. 12B, the cage 1214 is engaged with or
coupled to the seat ring 1208 to retain the seat ring 1208 in the
valve body 1204. In the illustrated example, the cage 1214 includes
a recessed portion 1216 (e.g., a notched portion adjacent an end of
the cage 1214) to define a sealing cavity 1218 to receive the seal
1202. Thus, the cage 1214 clamps or otherwise holds the seal 1202
against the seat ring 1208. The seal 1202 of the illustrated
example includes a first portion or sheath 1220 substantially
surrounding a second portion or core 1222 and is captured between
respective clamping surfaces 1214a, 1208a of the cage 1214 and the
seat ring 1208 to help retain the seal 1202 in the sealing cavity
1218. In other examples, the cage 1214 and/or the seat ring 1208
may be configured to receive any one of the example seals 118, 612
and 700 disclosed herein.
[0048] Although certain example methods, apparatus and articles of
manufacture have been disclosed herein, the scope of coverage of
this patent is not limited thereto. On the contrary, this patent
covers all methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture fairly
falling within the scope of the claims of this patent.
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