U.S. patent application number 15/012328 was filed with the patent office on 2016-08-18 for knee joint prosthesis and tibial component and femoral component thereof.
The applicant listed for this patent is SU-YANG HWA, INNOLUX CORPORATION. Invention is credited to SU-YANG HWA.
Application Number | 20160235543 15/012328 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 55272343 |
Filed Date | 2016-08-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160235543 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
HWA; SU-YANG |
August 18, 2016 |
KNEE JOINT PROSTHESIS AND TIBIAL COMPONENT AND FEMORAL COMPONENT
THEREOF
Abstract
A knee joint prosthesis and a tibial component thereof and a
femoral component thereof are disclosed. The knee joint prosthesis
includes a tibial component and a femoral component. The tibial
component has a top surface, a bottom surface opposite the top
surface and a first slot passing through the top surface and the
bottom surface for accommodating a cruciate ligament. The tibial
component has at least one first protrusion disposed on the bottom
surface, and the first protrusion has a plurality of first through
holes. The femoral component is carried by the tibial component and
has a second slot for accommodating the cruciate ligament. The
femoral component has at least one second protrusion disposed on a
surface thereof against the tibial component, and the second
protrusion has a plurality of second through holes.
Inventors: |
HWA; SU-YANG; (TAIPEI CITY,
TW) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
HWA; SU-YANG
INNOLUX CORPORATION |
TAIPEI CITY
MIAO-LI COUNTY |
|
TW
TW |
|
|
Family ID: |
55272343 |
Appl. No.: |
15/012328 |
Filed: |
February 1, 2016 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F 2/389 20130101;
A61F 2002/30891 20130101; A61F 2002/30884 20130101; A61F 2/38
20130101; A61F 2/3859 20130101; A61F 2002/30902 20130101; A61F
2002/30892 20130101; A61F 2002/30899 20130101; A61F 2/3868
20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61F 2/38 20060101
A61F002/38 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 13, 2015 |
TW |
104105153 |
Jan 14, 2016 |
CN |
201610023838.1 |
Claims
1. A knee joint prosthesis, comprising: a tibial component,
including a top surface, a bottom surface opposite to the top
surface and a first slot passing through the top surface and the
bottom surface for accommodating a cruciate ligament, wherein the
tibial component includes at least one first protrusion disposed on
the bottom surface, and the first protrusion includes a plurality
of first through holes; and a femoral component, carried by the
tibial component and including a second slot for accommodating the
cruciate ligament, wherein the femoral component includes at least
one second protrusion disposed on a surface thereof against the
tibial component, and the second protrusion includes a plurality of
second through holes.
2. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the tibial
component includes at least one sidewall and an engagement groove,
and the sidewall surrounds the first slot and the engagement groove
is disposed on the sidewall.
3. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the first
protrusion includes a first cutting edge and a first base, the
first base is disposed between the first cutting edge and the
bottom surface of the tibial component, and the first cutting edge
gradually becomes thinner along the extending direction
thereof.
4. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 3, wherein the tibial
component includes at least one through hole which does not overlap
with the first base.
5. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the tibial
component includes a first side wall having a plurality of first
apertures.
6. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the femoral
component includes at least two holding notches respectively
located at two sides thereof.
7. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the second
protrusion includes a second cutting edge and a second base, the
second base is disposed between the second cutting edge and the
surface of the femoral component away from the tibial component,
and the second cutting edge gradually becomes thinner along the
extending direction thereof.
8. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the second
protrusion includes at least one position pillar which is disposed
on the middle segment of the second protrusion.
9. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, further comprising at
least one pad located between the tibial component and the femoral
component.
10. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 9, wherein the pad includes
a second side wall having a plurality of second apertures.
11. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 9, wherein the pad includes
an abrasion meter.
12. A tibial component, comprising: a top surface, a bottom surface
opposite to the top surface, and a slot passing through the top
surface and the bottom surface for accommodating a cruciate
ligament, wherein the tibial component includes at least one
protrusion disposed on the bottom surface and the protrusion
includes a plurality of through holes.
13. The tibial component of claim 12, wherein the tibial component
includes at least one sidewall and an engagement groove, and the
sidewall surrounds the slot and the engagement groove is disposed
on the sidewall.
14. The tibial component of claim 12, wherein the protrusion
includes a cutting edge and a base, and the base is disposed
between the cutting edge and the bottom surface of the tibial
component, and the cutting edge gradually becomes thinner along the
extending direction thereof.
15. The tibial component of claim 12, wherein the tibial component
includes at least one through hole which does not overlap with the
base.
16. The tibial component of claim 12, wherein the tibial component
includes a first side wall having a plurality of first
apertures.
17. A femoral component, disposed corresponding to a tibial
component, wherein the tibial component carries the femoral
component, the femoral component comprises: a slot for
accommodating a cruciate ligament, wherein the femoral component
includes at least one protrusion on a surface thereof against the
tibial component, and the protrusion includes a plurality of
through holes.
18. The femoral component of claim 17, wherein the femoral
component comprises two holding notches respectively located at two
sides thereof.
19. The femoral component of claim 17, wherein the protrusion
includes a cutting edge and a base, the base is disposed between
the cutting edge and the surface of the femoral component away from
the tibial component, and the cutting edge gradually becomes
thinner along the extending direction thereof.
20. The femoral component of claim 17, wherein the protrusion
includes at least one position pillar disposed on the middle
segment of the protrusion.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This Non-provisional application claims priority under 35
U.S.C. .sctn.119(a) on Taiwan Patent Application No(s). 104105153
filed in Taiwan, Republic of China on Feb. 13, 2015, and China
Patent Application No(s). 201610023838.1 filed in People's Republic
of China on Jan. 14, 2014 the entire contents of which are hereby
incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The invention relates to a joint prosthesis, in particular
to a knee joint prosthesis.
[0004] 2. Related Art
[0005] Knee is the biggest human joint. It sustains a person's
weight and lets the leg finely exercise flexion and extension. It
includes the femoral condyles of the femur distal end, the tibial
plateau of the tibia proximal end, the ligament (for example, the
anterior cruciate ligament, the posterior cruciate ligament, the
medial ligament and the lateral ligament, etc.), and the joint
cartilage and meniscus. However, development defects of lower limb
joints, bad standing, excessive exercises or ageing usually cause
wears of joint cartilage and meniscus, so the lubricating fluid of
knee articular capsule becomes less resulting in knee pain,
swelling, difficult squat or other exercise impediment for example
degenerative knee joint disease. More serious, it causes bowleg and
the patient walks difficultly.
[0006] Total keen joint replacement is the most effective treatment
for the symptom, it effectively alleviates pain due to arthritis
and deformed joint and improves exercise range of the joint after
implanting the knee joint prosthesis. But it still has some
disadvantages.
[0007] A conventional knee joint prosthesis for total keen joint
replacement is shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B. The knee joint
prosthesis includes a femoral implant a and a tibia assembly b. The
tibia assembly b includes a tibial plate b1, a joint liner b2 and a
tibial implant portion b3. The femoral implant a is nailed into the
femoral condyles of the femur Fe by a femoral nail a2, and the
tibia assembly b is fixed to the tibial plateau in the human body
by the tibial implant portion b3 implanted into the tibia T. The
central protrusion b22 of the joint liner b2 and the indentation a3
of the femoral implant a are disposed and limited correspondingly,
so that the abutting surface a1 of the femoral implant a which
faces the tibia T abuts the carry surface b21 of the joint liner b2
to rotate relatively, and the lower limb of the patient can
exercise flexion and extension.
[0008] However, due to the life time of the knee joint prosthesis,
the joint liner b2 substituting the knee meniscus suffers from the
friction cause by the abutting surface a1 of the femoral implant a,
thus it is damaged and incapable to use. Such the conventional knee
joint prosthesis should be replaced over 15-20 years.
[0009] Besides, when the patient's knee exercises at an excessively
angle or very intensively, the central protrusion b22 on the joint
liner b2 may wear overly or may depart from the indentation a3 of
the femoral implant a which causes dislocation. Even the central
protrusion b22 on the joint liner b2 is severed by side intensive
strike or rotation of the femoral implant a. In such situation, the
knee joint prosthesis should be replaced.
[0010] In the above situation that the knee joint prosthesis should
be replaced, because the original tibial implant portion b3 or the
original femoral nail a2 has respectively damaged the tibia
proximal end or the femur distal end overly, when implanting a new
femoral implant a or tibia assembly b, it is necessary to thwack an
additional long bone peg on the longitudinal direction of the femur
Fe or the tibia T so the femoral implant a or the tibia assembly b
are not loosen and stably disposed in the femur Fe or the tibia T.
However, such thwacking an additional long bone peg will cause
extra damage on the patient's bone. Even it is necessary to thwack
a longer bone peg to keep the femoral implant a stable in the femur
Fe or the tibia assembly b stable in the tibia T when implanting
new femoral implant a or the tibia assembly b, so it causes more
serious damage. Therefore, it is an unsolved problem in the field
to dispose the joint prosthesis component stably on the implanted
portion without using bone peg.
[0011] Besides, when the femoral condyles or the tibial plateau are
respectively implanted into the femoral implant a or the tibia
assembly b, the orthopedic surgeons generally applies a layer of
bone cement (or biological glue) to the contact surface of the
femoral implant a and the femoral condyles or the contact surface
of the tibia assembly b and the tibial plateau to increase the
stability of the femoral implant a or the tibia assembly b.
However, before solidified, the bone cement easily enters systemic
circulation from the artery of the injured area due to surgery. It
may cause the skin or muscle tissue at the affected area necrosis,
more seriously, it may cause the patient death due to myocardial
infarction. Therefore, it is also an unsolved problem to keep
considerable stability of the implanted knee joint prosthesis when
decreasing the usage of the bond cement.
[0012] Furthermore, when utilizing the conventional knee joint
prosthesis as shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B to perform total keen
joint replacement, it is necessary to resect the anterior cruciate
ligament and the posterior cruciate ligament of the patient.
Accordingly, the relative action between the femoral implant a and
the tibia assembly b only relies on the indentation a3 of the
femoral implant a and the fit of the central protrusion b22
correspondingly disposed on the joint liner b2. Thus, the stability
of the patient's postoperative knee is insufficient, and the
patient's postoperative knee cannot bend at too large angle.
Therefore, it is also an unsolved problem to provide a knee joint
prosthesis adapted to cruciate ligament-retaining when performing
total keen joint replacement so as to retain the anterior cruciate
ligament and the posterior cruciate ligament of the patient.
SUMMARY
[0013] A knee joint prosthesis includes a tibial component and a
femoral component. The tibial component has a top surface, a bottom
surface opposite to the top surface and a first slot passing
through the top surface and the bottom surface for accommodating a
cruciate ligament. The tibial component has at least one first
protrusion disposed on the bottom surface, and the first protrusion
has a plurality of first through holes. The femoral component is
carried by the tibial component and has a second slot for
accommodating the cruciate ligament. The femoral component has at
least one second protrusion disposed on a surface thereof against
the tibial component, and the second protrusion has a plurality of
second through holes.
[0014] In one embodiment, the tibial component includes at least
one sidewall and an engagement groove, and the sidewall surrounds
the first slot and the engagement groove is disposed on the
sidewall.
[0015] In one embodiment, the first protrusion has a first cutting
edge and a first base, the first base is disposed between the first
cutting edge and the bottom surface of the tibial component, and
the first cutting edge gradually becomes thinner along the
extending direction thereof.
[0016] In one embodiment, the tibial component has a through hole
which does not overlap with the first base.
[0017] In one embodiment, the tibial component has a first side
wall having a plurality of first apertures.
[0018] In one embodiment, the femoral component has two holding
notches respectively located at two sides thereof.
[0019] In one embodiment, the second protrusion has a second
cutting edge and a second base, the second base is disposed between
the second cutting edge and the surface of the femoral component
away from the tibial component, and the second cutting edge
gradually becomes thinner along the extending direction
thereof.
[0020] In one embodiment, the second protrusion has at least one
position pillar, and the position pillar is disposed on the middle
segment of the second protrusion.
[0021] In one embodiment, the knee joint prosthesis further
comprises at least one pad. The pad is located between the tibial
component and the femoral component.
[0022] In one embodiment, the pad has a second side wall, the
second side wall has a plurality of second apertures.
[0023] In one embodiment, the pad has an abrasion meter.
[0024] A tibial component comprises a top surface, a bottom surface
opposite the top surface and a first slot passing through the top
surface and the bottom surface for accommodating a cruciate
ligament. The tibial component has at least one protrusion disposed
on the bottom surface and the protrusions has a plurality of
through holes.
[0025] In one embodiment, the tibial component has at least one
sidewall and an engagement groove, and the sidewall surrounds the
slot and the engagement groove is disposed on the sidewall.
[0026] In one embodiment, the first protrusion has a first cutting
edge and a first base, the first base is disposed between the first
cutting edge and the bottom surface of the tibial component, the
first cutting edge gradually becomes thinner along the extending
direction thereof.
[0027] In one embodiment, the tibial component has a through hole
which does not overlap with the first base.
[0028] In one embodiment, the tibial component has a first side
wall, the first side wall has a plurality of first apertures.
[0029] A femoral component is disposed corresponding to a tibial
component.
[0030] The tibial component carries the femoral component. The
femoral component includes a slot for accommodating a cruciate
ligament. The femoral component has at least one protrusion on a
surface thereof against the tibial component, and the protrusion
has a plurality of through holes.
[0031] In one embodiment, the femoral component comprises two
holding notches respectively located at two sides thereof.
[0032] In one embodiment, the protrusion has a cutting edge and a
base, the base is disposed between the cutting edge and the surface
of the femoral component away from the tibial component, and the
cutting edge gradually becomes thinner along the extending
direction thereof.
[0033] In one embodiment, the protrusion has at least one position
pillar, the position pillar is disposed on the middle segment of
the protrusion.
[0034] As mentioned above, as to the knee joint prosthesis, the
tibial component and the femoral component thereof, because the
tibial component and the femoral component respectively have at
least one first protrusion and at least one second protrusion, and
each of the first protrusion and the second protrusion respectively
has at least one first through hole and at least one second through
hole. After the tibial component and the femoral component are
respectively implanted into the tibial plateau and the femoral
condyles, the first protrusion is inserted into the tibial plateau
and the second protrusion is inserted into the femoral condyles.
The bone trabeculae in postoperative healing process will grow to
pass through the first through hole and the second through hole so
as to fix the tibial component and the femoral component to the
implanted portion. Moreover, if the knee joint prosthesis is needed
to replace in the future, the bone trabeculae can grow in the first
through hole and the second through hole to fix the replaced tibial
component or femoral component.
[0035] In addition to the above effect of the knee joint prosthesis
and the tibial component and the femoral component thereof, in one
embodiment, because the tibial component and the femoral component
respectively have the first slot and the second slot disposed
corresponding to each other for accommodating the cruciate ligament
of the patient's knee, the orthopedic surgeons can adopt cruciate
ligament-retaining to keep the stability of the postoperative joint
and reduce the wear of the new joint when performs total keen joint
replacement.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] The embodiments will become more fully understood from the
detailed description and accompanying drawings, which are given for
illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present
invention, and wherein:
[0037] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of the
knee joint prosthesis according to an embodiment;
[0038] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the femoral component
of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1;
[0039] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the tibial component
and the pad of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1;
[0040] FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing the knee joint
prosthesis in FIG. 1 is implanted into the patient's knee and
observed in the anterior-posterior direction.
[0041] FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram showing the knee joint
prosthesis in FIG. 1 is implanted into the patient's knee and
observed in the medial-lateral direction.
[0042] FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram showing the direction for
implanting the tibial component and the femoral component of the
knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1 into the patient's knee.
[0043] FIG. 5A to FIG. 5G are schematic diagrams showing the tibial
component of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1;
[0044] FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C are schematic diagrams showing the tibial
component and the pad of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1;
[0045] FIG. 7A to FIG. 7B are schematic diagrams showing the
assembly of the knee joint prosthesis according to another
embodiment;
[0046] FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram showing the tibial component
of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1 and auxiliary implantation
device;
[0047] FIG. 8B to FIG. 8D are schematic diagrams showing the first
protrusion in the tibial component of the knee joint prosthesis in
FIG. 2;
[0048] FIG. 8E is a schematic diagram showing another femoral
component of the knee joint prosthesis according to another
embodiment; and
[0049] FIG. 9A to FIG. 9B are schematic diagrams showing the
conventional knee joint prosthesis.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0050] The embodiments of the invention will be apparent from the
following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to
the accompanying drawings, wherein the same references relate to
the same elements. Moreover, the terms proximal, distal, anterior,
posterior, medial, or lateral, etc. in the following embodiments
are defined according to anatomy posture and indicative direction.
Namely, "proximal" refers to facing the head, "distal" refers to
facing the foot; "anterior" refers to facing the ventral of the
body, "posterior" refers to facing to the dorsal of the body;
"medial" refers to facing the central line of the body, "lateral"
refers to departing from the central line of the body. Although the
following embodiments take human knee for example, they are not
limited thereto. Namely, the knee joint prosthesis of the following
embodiments could be applied to other animal knee which has the
same or similar anatomical structure.
[0051] First, referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, FIG. 1 is a
schematic diagram showing the assembly of the knee joint prosthesis
according to an embodiment, FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are schematic
diagrams showing the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1 is implanted
into the patient's knee. In FIG. 4A, the observed direction is the
anterior-posterior direction of the patient's knee, and in FIG. 4B,
the observed direction is the medial-lateral direction of the
patient's knee. The relative positions of the femur Fe, the tibia
T, the fibula Fi and the patella P shown in the figures are
diagrammatic. The person skilled in the art should understand the
relative positions and disposal relationship of the femur Fe, the
tibia T, the fibula Fi and the patella P after implanting the knee
joint prosthesis K in the embodiment according to the figures and
the description. The knee joint prosthesis K includes a tibial
component 1 and a femoral component 2. The tibial component 1
includes a top surface 11 and a bottom surface 12 opposite to the
top surface 11. The tibial component 1 has at least one first
protrusion 13 disposed on the bottom surface 12. In the embodiment,
a plurality of the first protrusions 13 are disposed for example.
Each of the first protrusions 13 has at least one first through
hole 14. In the embodiment, a plurality of the first through holes
14 are disposed for example. The femoral component 2 is disposed
corresponding to the tibial component 1, and the top surface 11 of
the tibial component 1 carries the femoral component 2. In the
embodiment, "carry" means two manners: a surface 22 the femoral
component 2 facing the tibial component 1 directly abuts the top
surface 11 of the tibial component 1; or alternatively, an
additional component (descripted later) is utilized to buffer, so
the femoral component 2 is supported on the top surface 11 of the
tibial component 1 and the surface 22 of the femoral component 2
facing the tibial component 1 does not directly contact the top
surface 11 of the tibial component 1 in an indirect carrying
manner. In details, the femoral component 2 is slidably positioned
at the tibial component 1. As shown in the figure, the top surface
11 of the tibial component 1 faces the surface of the femoral
component 2 for engaging with the pad 3. After implanted, the
bottom surface 12 of the tibial component 1 substantially contacts
the surface of the tibia proximal end. The material of the tibial
component 1 can be biocompatible metal material, for example but
not limited to titanium, titanium alloy, Co--Cr--Mo alloy
(cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy) or 316 stainless steel.
[0052] Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram
showing the femoral component of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG.
1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the tibial component
and the pad of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1. The femoral
component 2 roughly looks like an arc and includes a second slot 25
which divides the femoral component 2 into a lateral condyle
portion 2a and a medial condyle portion 2b connected by a
connection portion 2c. Moreover, the connection portion 2c can also
act as the sliding surface of the patella P as shown in FIG. 4B.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the tibial component and the
pad of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1. Besides, the tibial
component 1 also includes a first slot 15 which passes through the
top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 and divides the tibial
component 1 into a first portion (lateral side) 1a and a second
portion (medial side) 1b. The first portion 1a and the second
portion 1b are connected by the connection portion 1c. The lateral
condyle portion 2a of the femoral component 2 is correspondingly
and slidably disposed on the first portion (lateral side) 1a of the
tibial component 1; similarly, the medial condyle portion 2b of the
femoral component 2 is correspondingly and slidably disposed on the
second portion (lateral side) 1b of the tibial component 1.
[0053] To easily hold the femoral component 2 for the surgeon in a
surgical operation to aim and to press for implantation, at least
one holding notch 26 is disposed at each of the two opposite sides
of the femoral component 2 with respect to the second slot 25 for
clamping and pressing. In other words, the second slot 25 is
disposed between the two holding notches 26. The holding notch 26
may be a rectangle notch, a wedge notch or a ball notch, but it is
not limited thereto. It is required to match the clamping apparatus
for operation. The quantity of holding notch 26 is not limited,
too.
[0054] Moreover, the depth of the first slot 15 in the sagittal
axial is preferably 30% to 90% of the length of the tibial
component 1 in the sagittal axial, more preferably 50% to 80%, so
as to accommodate the anterior cruciate ligament ACL and the
posterior cruciate ligament PCL by the first slot 15 (as shown in
FIG. 4A. The projection length of the depth of the second slot 25
on the traverse plane of the patient's knee along the sagittal
axial is preferable 30% to 90% of that of the femoral component 2
on the traverse plane of the patient's knee along the sagittal
axial, more preferably 50% to 80%, so as to benefit the second slot
25 to accommodate the anterior cruciate ligament ACL and the
posterior cruciate ligament PCL. The measurement of the depth and
length mention above is based on that the tibial component 1 and
the femoral component 2 are implanted into the patient's knee and
buckling angle is zero (equivalently the patient stands or the
lower limbs get straight). The person skilled in the art should
understand that the ratio of the depth of the first slot 15 to the
length of the tibial component 1 on the sagittal axial and the
ratio of the depth of the second slot 25 to the projection length
of the femoral component 2 on the traverse plane of the patient's
knee along the sagittal axial are not necessarily equal. The first
slot 15 and the second slot 25 are required to accommodate the
anterior cruciate ligament ACL and the posterior cruciate ligament
PCL, and they can be adjusted depending on actual situation.
[0055] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, after the tibial
component 1 is implanted into the tibial plateau of the patient,
the first protrusions 13 are inserted into the tibial plateau. The
tibial plateau means the portion of the tibia T which looks like a
platform at the tibia proximal end. In the postoperative healing
process, the bone trabeculae will grow to pass through the first
through holes 14 on the first protrusions 13 so as to fix the
tibial component 1 to the tibial plateau. Moreover, if it needs
replacement in the future due to component wear, after implanting
the new tibial component 1, the bone trabeculae will grow in the
first through hole 14 to fix the replaced tibial component 1.
Moreover, the more quantity of the first through holes 14 on the
first protrusions 13, the better performance of fixing the tibial
component 1 resulting from that the bone trabeculae grows to pass
through the first through holes 14 to grasp the first protrusions
13. The thickness of the first protrusion 13 is preferably between
0.1 cm to 0.7 cm, more preferably between 0.3 cm and 0.4 cm. The
thickness of the first protrusion 13 means the thickness of the
connection portion of the first protrusion 13 connecting to the
bottom surface 12. Moreover, in a preferable example, each of the
first protrusions 13 has a plurality of the first through holes 14.
The first through holes 14 on the first protrusion 13 are
distributed from sparse to dense along the direction from close to
the tibial component 1 to departing from the tibial component 1.
The hole diameter of the first through hole 14 is preferably
between 1 mm and 2 mm, and the interval between the first through
holes 14 are preferably between 3 mm to 5 mm. Moreover, in one
embodiment, the surface of each first protrusion 13 may be
processed to form a rough surface by for example abrasive blasting
or chemical etching. As a result, in the postoperative healing
process, the bone trabeculae will grow on the surface of the first
protrusion 13.
[0056] Referring to FIG. 8, to abate the risk of crash of the first
protrusion 13 in implantation process, the first protrusion 13 may
further have a first base 132 and a first cutting edge 131. The
first base 132 may be rectangle (like (a) in FIG. 8B), square (like
(b) in FIG. 8B), strip shape, trapezoid (like (c) and (d) in FIG.
8B), wedge, etc., but it is not limited thereto. It is required to
have a wider contact base where the first cutting edge 131 can be
stably disposed. The first cutting edge 131 extends opposite the
tibial component 1 (namely, from the bottom surface 12 to the
distal tibial). Meanwhile, the first cutting edge 131 gradually
becomes thinner along the extending direction thereof.
[0057] The femoral component 2 has at least one second protrusion
23 disposed on the surface 21 against the tibial component 1. In
the embodiment, a plurality of the second protrusions 23 are
disposed for example. Each of the second protrusions 23 has at
least one second through hole 24. In the embodiment, a plurality of
the second through holes 24 are disposed for example. As shown in
FIG. 2, the surface 21 of the femoral component 2 against the
tibial component 1 is the inner surface of the femoral component 2
looking like an arc structure, and substantially contacts the femur
distal end after implanted. The material of the femoral component 2
can similarly be biocompatible metal material, for example but not
limited to titanium, titanium alloy, Co--Cr--Mo alloy or 316
stainless steel. Similarly to the first protrusion 13, to abate the
risk of crash of the second protrusion 23 in implantation process,
the second protrusion 23 may have a the second base and a second
cutting edge (not shown in the figure). The configuration of the
second base is the same or similar with the first base 132. It is
required to have a wider contact base where the second cutting edge
can be stably disposed. The second cutting edge extends against the
arc inner surface 21 of the tibial component 1 (namely, from the
surface 21 to proximal femoral). Meanwhile, the second cutting edge
gradually becomes thinner along the extending direction
thereof.
[0058] Similar to the tibial component 1, as to the femoral
component 2 implanted into the femoral condyles of the femur Fe,
the second protrusion 23 will be inserted into the corresponding
femoral condyles. In the postoperative healing process, the bone
trabeculae will grow to pass through the second through hole 24 on
the second protrusion 23 so as to fix the femoral component 2 to
the femoral condyles. Moreover, if it needs replacement in the
future due to component wear, after implanting the new femoral
component 2, the bone trabeculae will grow in the second through
hole 24 to fix the replaced femoral component 2. The preferable
thickness of the second protrusion 23 is between 0.1 cm to 0.7 cm,
more preferably between 0.3 cm and 0.4 cm. Here, the thickness of
the second protrusion 23 means the thickness of the second
protrusion 23 connecting to the surface 21. Moreover, in a
preferable example, each of the second protrusions 23 has a
plurality of the second through holes 24. The second through holes
24 on the second protrusion 23 are distributed from sparse to dense
along the direction from close to the femoral component 2 to
departing from the femoral component 2. The hole diameter of the
second through hole 24 is preferably between 1 mm to 2 mm, and the
interval between the second through holes 24 is preferably between
3 mm to 5 mm. Moreover, in one embodiment, the surface of each
second protrusion 23 may be processed to form a rough surface by
for example abrasive blasting or chemical etching. As a result, in
the postoperative healing process, the bone trabeculae will grow on
the surface of the second protrusion 23.
[0059] Besides, although the first protrusion 13 and the second
protrusion 23 in the embodiment are integrated as a whole one
element on the bottom surface 12 of the tibial component 1 and the
arc inner surface 21 of the femoral component 2 against the tibial
component 1 for example, they are not limited thereto. Namely, in
other embodiments, the first protrusion 13 and the second
protrusion 23 can be detachable, during usage, it is assembled with
the bottom surface 12 of the tibial component 1 and the arc inner
surface 21 of the femoral component 2 against the tibial component
1.
[0060] Referring to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, after implanting the
tibial component 1 into the tibial plateau of the patient, the
anterior cruciate ligament ACL and the posterior cruciate ligament
PCL of the patient's knee are accommodated in the first slot 15.
Similarly, after implanting the femoral component 2 into the femur
distal end of the patient, the anterior cruciate ligament ACL and
the posterior cruciate ligament PCL of the patient's knee are
accommodated in the second slot 25. Thus, after the orthopedic
surgeon performs keen joint replacement to implant the knee joint
prosthesis K into the patient's knee, one can adopt cruciate
ligament-retaining namely retain the anterior cruciate ligament ACL
and the posterior cruciate ligament PCL of the patient instead of
resection during implanting to keep the stability of the patient's
postoperative joint and reduce the wear of the new joint. Moreover,
the postoperative knee can keep considerable exercise freedom (for
example buckling, stretching, outward rotation, inward rotation,
eversion and inversion, etc.)
[0061] For easily implanting the tibial component 1, in the
embodiment, the first protrusion 13 extends along a direction
against the tibial component 1 (namely extends from the bottom
surface 12 toward the tibia distal end). Concurrently, the first
protrusion 13 gradually becomes thinner along the extending
direction of the first protrusion 13 and it is like a fin or a
blade. The method of implanting the tibial component 1 includes but
is not limited to nailing (directly making the tibial component 1
abut the tibia proximal end and applying a force substantially
parallel to the tibia the longitudinal direction, and thwacking the
tibial component 1 into the tibial plateau), slide-in (sliding
along the direction of anterior-to-posterior of the knee and
inserting obliquely downwardly), adhesion (applying bone cement or
biological glue to the bottom surface 12 so that the tibial
component 1 is adhered to the tibial plateau), or any combination
of the previous methods. To smooth the implantation of the tibial
component 1, an additional auxiliary implantation device can be
used. Referring to FIG. 8A, auxiliary implantation device 4
comprises a position block 41, a fixing screw 42, and a wrench 43.
The position block 41 is approximately a cylinder, a plurality of
position grooves 411 (may be parallel grooves or screw thread) are
disposed on each of two opposite outer side surfaces thereof or
disposed around the outer side surface thereof, and it has a fixing
screw hole 412 where fixing screw 42 is screwed. The fixing screw
hole 412 extends inwardly along its major axis from one end of the
position block 41. The first portion 1a, the connection portion 1c
and the second portion 1b of the tibial component 1 comprise at
least one sidewall which surrounds the first slot 15, and the
engagement grooves (maybe parallel grooves or screw thread) 19 (as
shown in FIG. 3) are disposed on the sidewall. By using the
position grooves 411 on the outer side surface of the position
block 41 and the engagement grooves 19 on the sidewall, the
position block 41 can be screwed or embedded with the tibial
component 1. One end of the wrench 43 is a lock end 431, the other
end opposite to the lock end 431 is a handle end 433. The lock end
431 further has a lock hole 432. In other embodiments, the lock end
431 may not have the lock hole 432. The wrench 43 further has an
abutting wall 434 disposed between the lock end 431 and the handle
end 433, preferably near the lock end 431. The position block 41
further comprises an opening 413 where the lock end 431 of the
wrench 43 is inserted. The opening 413 extends from the outer side
surface of the position block 41 inwardly along the direction
approximately perpendicular to the major axis of the position block
41.
[0062] When the lock end 431 of the wrench 43 is inserted into the
opening 413 of the position block 41, the lock hole 432 is aligned
to the fixing screw hole 412 and then the fixing screw 42 can be
inserted into the fixing screw hole 412 and the lock hole 432 to
secure the position block 41 to the wrench 43. In other
embodiments, because the lock end 431 does not have the lock hole
432, when the lock end 431 of the wrench 43 is inserted into the
opening 413 of the position block 41, the fixing screw 42 can be
inserted into the fixing screw hole 412 to secure the position
block 41 to the wrench 43. Therefore, it is possible to omit to
align the lock hole 432 to the fixing screw hole 412. Meanwhile,
the abutting wall 434 abuts the connection portion 1c of the tibial
component 1. Thus, it seems that the abutting wall 434 of the
wrench 43 and the position block 41 clamp the connection portion
1c. Therefore, in implanting the tibial component 1, by using the
rear portion of the first protrusion 13 of the tibial component 1
to abut the patient's tibial plateau, the surgeon can take the
place of the patient's tibial plateau abutted by the first
protrusion 13 as the fulcrum and hold the handle end 433 of the
wrench 43, and then slides the first protrusion 13 of the tibial
component 1 into the patient's tibial plateau. Further, gradienters
435, 436 can be disposed on the wrench 43 so the surgeon can
observe that the first portion 1a and the second portion 1b of the
tibial component 1 both are horizontal to the same level after
implanting the tibial component 1.
[0063] Referring to FIG. 8C, the first protrusion 13 may be thinner
and extend longer at its rear portion so the rear portion is
sharper and the front portion is blunter (like cleaver). In the
implanting process, the rear portion of the first protrusion 13 of
the tibial component 1 contact and abut the patient's tibial
plateau first. As a result, in implanting the tibial component 1 in
the patient's tibia condyle by sliding, the sharper rear portion of
the first protrusion 13 firstly breaks the bone tissue of the
patient's tibia condyle, and then the middle segment and the front
portion of the first protrusion 13 can accordingly smoothly cut
into the bone tissue of the patient's tibia condyle to complete the
implantation of the tibial component 1. Moreover, because after
implantation, the posterior of the tibial component 1 carries
heavier weight than the anterior does. The extension of the rear
portion of the first protrusion 13 is longer than the extension of
the front portion of the first protrusion 13 so as to stably
support the tibial component 1. It is noted that although the first
through holes are omitted in FIG. 8C, actually the first protrusion
13 comprises a plurality of the first through holes 14. Referring
to FIG. 8D and FIG. 4C, a receded incision 134 may be disposed on
the rear portion of the first protrusion 13 to preferably conform
the tibia T. Moreover, when implanting the tibial component 1 in
the patient's tibia condyle by sliding, the receded incision 134 on
the first protrusion 13 abutting the patient's tibial plateau can
act as the point applied with force, and it is also a guide for the
surgeon to press downwardly. The receded incision 134 let the first
protrusion 13 completely covered by bone tissue in the implantation
process and reserve some gaps, too. Therefore, it prevents the
first protrusion 13 from being stuck when cutting into the tibial
plateau. It is easier for the first protrusion 13 to slide into the
patient's tibial plateau. It is noted that although the first
through holes 14 are omitted in FIG. 8D, actually the first
protrusion 13 comprises a plurality of the first through holes 14.
Moreover, the extension of the first protrusion 13 may be
alternatively various in length along it major axis, such as a
mountain having summits and valleys arranged alternatively along
its ridgeline, so the first protrusions 13 cut into the tibial
plateau in various depth.
[0064] Similarly, for easily implanting the femoral component 2, in
the embodiment, the second protrusion 23 extends a direction
against the femoral component 2 (namely extends from the surface 21
toward the proximal end direction of the femur). Concurrently, the
second protrusion 23 gradually becomes thinner along the extending
direction of the second protrusion 23 and it is like a fin or a
blade. The method of implanting the femoral component 2 preferably
is nailing or pushing (directly making the femoral component 2 abut
the femur distal end and applying a force substantially parallel to
the femur the longitudinal direction, and thwacking the femoral
component 2 into the femoral condyles). Moreover, the extension of
the second protrusions 23 may be alternatively various in length
along it major axis, such as a mountain having summits and valleys
arranged alternatively along its ridgeline, so the second
protrusions 23 are thwacked into the femoral condyles in various
depth.
[0065] Moreover, referring to FIG. 8E, to prevent the implanted
femoral component 2 from moving on sagittal plane, the second
protrusion 23 may further comprise a position pillar 231 disposed
on the middle segment, or on a location near the middle segment, of
the second protrusion 23 which is like fin or knife. Thus, before
implanting, position holes should be drilled in the corresponding
femoral condyle. As a result, after implanting the femoral
component 2 in the corresponding femoral condyle, the second
protrusion 23 is inserted into the corresponding femoral condyle as
mentioned previously, and the position pillar 231 is inserted into
the position hole drilled in the femoral condyle. Thus, the femoral
component 2 can be stably disposed, and it slide or rotate over the
sagittal plane as little as possible. In addition to nailing or
pushing mentioned previously, the femoral component 2 can be
implanted into the patient's femoral condyle by slide-in (sliding
along the direction of anterior-to-posterior of the knee and
inserting obliquely upwardly), adhesion (applying bone cement or
biological glue to the surface 21 against the tibial component 1 so
that the femoral component 2 is adhered to the femoral condyles) or
any combination of the previous methods. However, if implanting by
sliding, preferably the position pillar 231 is omitted on the
second protrusion 23.
[0066] Referring to FIG. 4C, it is a schematic diagram showing the
direction for implanting the tibial component and the femoral
component of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1 into the patient's
knee. When the orthopedic surgeons performs keen joint replacement,
preferably, the outer cartilage of condyle of femoral Fe is
processed first to lighten the damage to the patient's bone. For
easily implanting the tibial component 1 or the femoral component 2
by slide-in, the extending direction of the first protrusion 13 or
the second protrusion 23 is substantially parallel to the sagittal
plane of the patient's knee. However, it is not limited
thereto.
[0067] Referring to FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C, they are schematic diagrams
showing the tibial component of the knee joint prosthesis in FIG.
1. Similarly, for easily implanting the tibial component 1 by
slide-in, each of the first protrusions 13 of the tibial component
1 has a first longitudinal direction L1, which is parallel to its
major axis, and each of the first longitudinal directions L1 is
substantially parallel to each other. Besides, the fin structure or
the blade structure of each of the first protrusions 13 in FIG. 5A
extends from the front to the rear of tibial component 1 and looks
like a complete arc structure. As shown in FIG. 5B, the fin
structure or the blade structure of each of the first protrusions
13 extends only from the center to the rear and looks like a halt
arc structure. Referring to FIG. 5C, for increasing the structure
strength of the connection portion 1c and reducing the break of the
connection portion 1c caused by stress due to low structure
strength when implanted, at least one additional first protrusion
13c can be disposed on the bottom surface 12 of the connection
portion 1c. Additional two are disposed in the figure for
example.
[0068] Besides, referring to FIG. 5D to FIG. 5G, they are schematic
diagrams showing other examples of the tibial component 1 of the
knee joint prosthesis in FIG. 1. When implanting by the method
other than slide-in, the longitudinal direction of the first
protrusion 13 can also be the direction along the coronal plane of
the knee or other directions. Namely, as shown in FIG. 5D, the
first protrusion 13 is disposed along the front-rear direction of
the tibial component 1 and substantially parallel to the sagittal
plane of the patient's knee, but alternatively as shown in FIG. 5E,
the first protrusion 13 is roughly disposed along the front-rear
direction of the tibial component 1 but not substantially parallel
to the sagittal plane of the patient's knee. Or alternatively as
shown in FIG. 5F, the first protrusion 13 is disposed along the
medial-lateral direction of the tibial component 1 and
substantially parallel to the coronal plane direction of the knee.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5G, combining the above directions, the
first protrusions 13 interlace on the bottom surface 12 of the
tibial component 1.
[0069] Similar to the previous design of the first protrusion 13 in
a preferable example for easily implanting by slide-in as shown in
FIG. 2, each of the second protrusions 23 of the femoral component
2 has a second longitudinal direction L2, which is parallel to its
major axis, and each of the second longitudinal directions L2 is
substantially parallel to each other. However, they are not limited
thereto. Namely, each of the second protrusion 23 can extend from
the front to the rear of the femoral component 2 and look like a
complete arc structure, or alternatively extend only from the
center to the rear of the femoral component 2 and look like a half
arc structure. Alternatively, the second protrusion 23 can be
disposed along the sagittal plane, the coronal plane direction or
other direction or combination of the previous directions of the
knee.
[0070] Besides, in the embodiment, the knee joint prosthesis K
further includes at least one pad 3. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG.
3, the knee joint prosthesis K includes two pads 3 for example. The
pads 3 are located between the tibial component 1 and the femoral
component 2, and can be respectively engaged with the top surface
11 of first portion 1a and the top surface 11 of the second portion
1b. The top surface 11 of the first portion 1a or the top surface
of the second portion 1b looks like a shallow-dish concave, and the
surfaces of the two pads 3 which contact them are respectively
designed with a convex corresponding to the shallow-dish concave.
The pad 3 can have a circular pit. The surface facing the femoral
component 2 can be designed to carry the lateral condyle portion 2a
or the medial condyle portion 2b of the femoral component 2 and
have an arc concave surface on which they can slide. Thus, the pads
3 act as the knee meniscus. In one embodiment, if the surface of
the pad 3 facing the femoral component 2 is a curved concave, the
thickness at the curved concave/the thickness at the periphery of
the pad 3 may be 2 mm/6 mm, 3 mm/8 mm, 4 mm/10 mm, or 5 mm/12 mm.
After implanted into the patient's knee, the femoral component 2
abuts the pad 3 and the femoral component 2 can slide or rotate
with respect to the tibial component 1. Referring to FIG. 3,
although the pad 3 in the embodiment for example but not limited to
has a slidable curved concave and looks like a disk. The preference
is that the pad 3 has a concave surface to carry the lateral
condyle portion 2a or the medial condyle portion 2b of the femoral
component 2 on which they can slide. Namely, the pad 3 having
circular pit is also preferable. In the embodiment, the material of
the pad 3 can be biocompatible plastic including but not limited to
medical grade PVC, Polyethylene, PEEK, Polycarbonate, PEI resin
(Ultem.RTM., Polyetherimide resin), Polysulfone, Polypropylene or
Polyurethane. Further, the pad 3 has a first engagement portion 31,
the first engagement portion 31 fits the second engagement portion
16 of the tibial component 1, and the second engagement portion 16
of the tibial component 1 is adjacent to the first slot 15. As
shown in FIG. 3, the second engagement portions 16 on the tibial
component 1 in the embodiment are disposed on the first portion 1a
and the second portion 1b close to the first slot 15. In a
preferable example, when the pad 3 is disposed on the tibial
component 1, they are connected to each other only by the first
engagement portion 31 of the pad 3 and the second engagement
portion 16 of the tibial component 1 at medial side. Moreover, the
first engagement portion 31 of the pad 3 is a rod conformation and
the second engagement portion 16 of the tibial component 1 is a
circular through hole, so that the first engagement portion 31 of
the pad 3 and the second engagement portion 16 of the tibial
component 1 constitutes a pivot structure. The lateral of the pad 3
and the tibial component 1 are not fixed so the femoral component 2
of the implanted knee joint prosthesis K can still rotate in
outward rotation and inward rotation with respect to the tibial
component 1 to keep freedom of outward rotation and inward rotation
of the patient's postoperative knee. However, the conformations of
the first engagement portion 31 of the pad 3 and the second
engagement portion 16 of the tibial component 1 are not limited.
The first engagement portion 31 of the pad 3 can be the rod
conformation mentioned above, or the first engagement portion 31a
can be a bolt conformation in FIG. 6B or the bump in FIG. 6C for
example but not limited to hemispherical bump or half-moon bump. In
a preferable example in the embodiment, the fit between the first
engagement portion 31 of the pad 3 and the second engagement
portion 16 of the tibial component 1 is concave-convex. That which
one is concave or which one is convex is not limited.
[0071] As shown in FIG. 3, the tibial component 1 further has at
least one through hole 18 on the first portion (lateral) 1a and the
second portion (medial) 1b. In the embodiment, there are a
plurality of the through holes for example, but the quantity is not
limited. The through hole 18 passes through the top surface 11 and
the bottom surface 12 and preferably keeps away the location where
the first protrusion 13 is disposed. Such design lets the tibial
component 1 be lightweight and exhausts particles caused by the
friction between the pad 3 and the tibial component 1. The diameter
of the through hole 18 is preferably smaller than or equal to the
distance between the two adjacent the first protrusions 13.
[0072] Moreover, a first side wall 33 may be disposed on the outer
sidewall of the pad 3. The first side wall 33 has at least one
first aperture. In the embodiment, there are for example but not
limited to a plurality of the first apertures. In the postoperative
healing process, the first apertures are tightly clutched by the
tissue at the patient's implanted portion so the pad 3 and the
patient's knee can act together and the postoperative stability
becomes better. The dimension of the first aperture is the same or
similar with the first through hole or the second through hole on
the first protrusion 13 or the second protrusion 23. The height of
the first side wall 33 is preferably equal to 2/3 of the thickness
of the pad 3, but it is not limited thereto. The material of the
first side wall 33 is biocompatible metal material including for
example but not limited to titanium, titanium alloy, Co--Cr--Mo
alloy or 316 stainless steel. The installation manner can be like
sticking shown in FIG. 3 (a gap is kept between the first side wall
33 and the outer sidewall of the pad 3) or completely attaching to
the outer sidewall of the pad 3 shown in FIG. 6A, or inserting two
ends of the first side wall 33 into the position holes (or position
notches) on the outer sidewall of the pad 3, but it is not limited
thereto. The first side wall 33 may completely or incompletely
circle the outer sidewall of the pad 3, too. Similarly, for the
implanted tibial component 1 to be tightly clutched by the tissue
at the patient's implanted portion and act with the patient's knee
for better postoperative stability, as shown in FIG. 6A, each of
the two opposite outer sidewalls of the tibial component 1 further
has a second side wall 17. Or the second side wall 17 completely or
incompletely circles the outer sidewall of the tibial component 1.
The second side wall 17 has a plurality of second through holes.
The dimension, disposing manner and material of the second side
wall 17 is the same or similar with those on the first side wall 33
on the outer sidewall of the pad 3, so they are not repeated
here.
[0073] Moreover, to easily observe the abrasion of the pad 3 after
the operation, an abrasion meter 32 may be disposed on the front
portion of the pad 3. The abrasion meter 32 may be like ladder as
shown in the figure and it is made of metal material directly
scribed on the outer sidewall at the front portion of the pad 3. Or
it may be a metal line buried near the front portion of the pad 3.
Therefore, the surgeon can directly use X-ray imaging to obtain
radiography showing the patient's knee where the knee joint
prosthesis K is implanted. By observing the abrasion meter 32 shown
on the radiography, the degree of the pad 3 being abraded by the
femoral component 2 can be estimated.
[0074] In a preferable example, the top surface 11 of the tibial
component 1 looks like a concave surface, and the depth at the
middle is deeper than that at the front or the rear. Thus, the pad
3 is easy to engage and assemble with the tibial component 1 by
slide-in during surgery, but it is not limited thereto. Namely, in
other embodiments, the pad 3 can be directly formed on the top
surface 11 of the tibial component 1 when manufacturing by wrapping
injection or insert injection, so it is not necessary to engage the
first engagement portion 31 of the pad 3 with the second engagement
portion 16 of the tibial component 1. Alternatively, in the
factory, the pad 3 has been engaged with the top surface 11 of the
tibial component 1. Alternatively, the pad 3 and the tibial
component 1 are isolated from each other, and the pad 3 is engaged
with the tibial component 1 until performing surgery.
[0075] In a preferable example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the top
surface 11 of the tibial component 1 can be a shallow-dish concave
mentioned above, the second engagement portion 16 of the tibial
component 1 can extend from the first portion 1a and the second
portion 1b close to the front of the tibial component 1 to the
middle section and look like a concave groove. Only the middle
section close to the first slot 15 is through-hole conformation so
that the pad 3 is easy to assemble by slide-in along the direction
along front-to-rear of the tibial component 1 during surgery. The
first engagement portion 31a of the pad 3 firstly contacts the
concave groove of the second engagement portion 16 of the tibial
component 1 and is thus limited. When the pad 3 continues to slide
into, the first engagement portion 31a of the pad 3 slides to and
penetrate a part of the through hole of the second engagement
portion 16 of the tibial component 1 so as to complete the
engagement assembly of the pad 3 with the tibial component 1.
[0076] Besides, referring to FIG. 6A, in a preferable example, the
tibial component 1 can have no connection portion 1c. Namely, the
first portion 1a and the second portion 1b of the tibial component
1 are independently disposed and individually implanted into the
corresponding tibial plateau during implanting.
[0077] Besides, a tibial component 1 is also provided, and it is
similar to the tibial component 1 of the knee joint prosthesis K
mentioned above. The tibial component 1 includes the top surface
11, the bottom surface 12 opposite to the top surface 11 and the
first slot 15. The first slot 15 passes through the top surface 11
and the bottom surface 12 to accommodate the anterior cruciate
ligament ACL and the posterior cruciate ligament PCL. The tibial
component 1 has at least one the first protrusion 13 disposed on
the bottom surface 12. Each of the first protrusion 13 has at least
one first through hole 14. Because composition, variation or
connection relationship to other elements of each detail elements
of the tibial component 1 can refer to the previous embodiments,
they are not repeated here.
[0078] Besides, a femoral component 2 is also provided. It is
similar to the femoral component 2 of the knee joint prosthesis K
mentioned above. Similarly, the femoral component 2 is disposed
corresponding to the tibial component 1. The top surface 11 of the
tibial component 1 carries the femoral component 2. The femoral
component 2 includes the second slot 25 which is adapted to
accommodate the anterior cruciate ligament ACL and the posterior
cruciate ligament PCL. The femoral component 2 has at least one
second protrusion 23 disposed on the surface 21 against the tibial
component 1. Each of the second protrusion 23 has at least one
second through hole 24. Because composition, variation or
connection relationship to other elements of each detail elements
of the femoral component 2 can refer to the previous embodiments,
they are not repeated here.
[0079] Besides, another knee joint prosthesis K' is also provided,
and it is suitable to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Referring
to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, they are schematic diagrams showing the
assembly of the knee joint prosthesis according to another
embodiment. The knee joint prosthesis K' includes a tibial
component 1' and a femoral component 2'. As shown in the figures,
the knee joint prosthesis K' of the embodiment is suitable to
unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, so compared with the femoral
component 2 and the tibial component 1 mentioned in the previous
embodiments, the tibial component 1' and the femoral component 2'
both only have conformations corresponding to the femur unicondylar
and the tibia unicondylar. As to the correspondence to the medial
condyle portion or the lateral condyle portion, it is not limited.
The person skilled in the art should understand that the knee joint
prosthesis K' in the embodiment needs corresponding modification of
detail conformation when applied to the medial condyle portion or
the lateral condyle portion according to the figures and the
description. The tibial component 1' includes a top surface 11' and
a bottom surface 12' opposite the top surface 11'. The tibial
component 1' has at least one first protrusion 13' disposed on the
bottom surface 12'. In the embodiment, a plurality of the first
protrusions 13' are disposed for example. Each of the first
protrusions 13' has at least one first through hole 14'. In the
embodiment, a plurality of the first through holes 14' are disposed
for example. The femoral component 2' roughly looks like an arc and
is disposed corresponding to the tibial component 1'. The top
surface 11' of the tibial component 1' carries the femoral
component 2' (the surface 22' of the femoral component 2' which
faces the tibial component 1' directly abuts the top surface 11' of
the tibial component 1', or alternatively the pad 3' is utilized to
buffer so the femoral component 2' is supported on the top surface
11' of the tibial component 1' and the surface 22' of the femoral
component 2' facing the tibial component 1' does not directly
contact the top surface 11' of the tibial component 1' by indirect
carrying manner). The femoral component 2' is slidably disposed on
the tibial component 1'. After the tibial component 1' is implanted
into the tibial plateau of the patient, the first protrusion 13' is
inserted into the tibial plateau.
[0080] As to such the tibial component 1' adapted for
unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, it matches the structure of
tibia unicondylar. Its front portion is thicker than the front
portion of the tibial component 1 for tibia bicondylar for total
keen joint replacement. Therefore, although the position block 41
of the auxiliary implantation device 4 can not be used, the abuting
wall 434 of the wrench 43 can directly abut the thicker front
portion of the tibial component 1', the lock end 431 of the wrench
43 squeezes the top surface 11' of the tibial component 1', and
similarly the rear portion of the first protrusion 13' of the
tibial component 1' abuts the patient's tibial plateau. The surgeon
can take the place of the patient's tibial plateau abutted by the
first protrusion 13' as the fulcrum, and the first protrusion 13'
of the tibial component 1' can also slide into the patient's tibial
plateau.
[0081] The femoral component 2' has at least one second protrusion
23' disposed on the surface 21' against the tibial component 1'. In
the embodiment, one second protrusion 23' is disposed for example.
The second protrusion 23' has at least one second through hole 24'.
In the embodiment, a plurality of the second through holes 24' are
disposed for example. After the femoral component 2' is implanted
into the patient's knee, the second protrusion 23' is inserted into
the corresponding femoral condyles.
[0082] In the embodiment, the tibial component 1' and the femoral
component 2' of the knee joint prosthesis K' and the pad 3' used
together vary correspondingly for applied to unicompartmental knee
arthroplasty. Because composition, detail variation or connection
relationship to other elements of other elements can refer to the
previous embodiments, they are not repeated here.
[0083] Besides, another tibial component 1' is also provided. It is
similar to the tibial component 1' of the knee joint prosthesis K'.
The tibial component 1' includes the top surface 11' and the bottom
surface 12' opposite the top surface 11'. The tibial component 1'
has at least one first protrusion 13' disposed on the bottom
surface 12'. Each of the first protrusion 13' has at least one
first through hole 14'. Because composition, variation or
connection relationship to other elements of each detail elements
of the tibial component 1' can refer to the previous embodiments,
they are not repeated here.
[0084] Besides, another femoral component 2' is also provided, it
is similar to the femoral component 2' of the knee joint prosthesis
K' mentioned above. The femoral component 2' is disposed
corresponding to the tibial component 1', and the femoral component
2' has at least one the second protrusion 23' disposed on the
surface 21' against the tibial component 1', and each of the second
protrusion 23' has at least one second through hole 24'. Because
composition, variation or connection relationship to other elements
of each detail elements of the femoral component 2' can refer to
the previous embodiments, they are not repeated here.
[0085] As mentioned above, as to the knee joint prosthesis, the
tibial component and the femoral component thereof, because the
tibial component and the femoral component respectively have at
least one first protrusion and the second protrusion, and the first
protrusion and the second protrusion respectively have at least one
first through hole and at least one second through hole. After the
tibial component and the femoral component are respectively
implanted into the tibial plateau and the femoral condyles, the
first protrusion is inserted into the tibial plateau and the second
protrusion is inserted into the femoral condyles. The bone
trabeculae in postoperative healing process will grow to pass
through the first through hole and the second through hole so as to
fix the tibial component and the femoral component to the implanted
portion. Moreover, if the knee joint prosthesis is needed to
replace in the future, the bone trabeculae can grow in the first
through hole and the second through hole to fix the replaced tibial
component or femoral component.
[0086] In addition to the above effect of the knee joint prosthesis
and the tibial component and the femoral component thereof, in one
embodiment, because the tibial component and the femoral component
respectively have the first slot and the second slot disposed
corresponding to each other for accommodating the cruciate ligament
of the patient's knee, the orthopedic surgeons can adopt cruciate
ligament-retaining to keep the stability of the postoperative joint
and reduce the wear of the new joint when performs total keen joint
replacement.
[0087] Although the invention has been described with reference to
specific embodiments, this description is not meant to be construed
in a limiting sense. Various modifications of the disclosed
embodiments, as well as alternative embodiments, will be apparent
to persons skilled in the art. It is, therefore, contemplated that
the appended claims will cover all modifications that fall within
the true scope of the invention.
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