U.S. patent application number 15/076657 was filed with the patent office on 2016-07-14 for display apparatus and display unit.
The applicant listed for this patent is Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to SATOSHI KUZUHARA.
Application Number | 20160202480 15/076657 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 53477976 |
Filed Date | 2016-07-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160202480 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
KUZUHARA; SATOSHI |
July 14, 2016 |
DISPLAY APPARATUS AND DISPLAY UNIT
Abstract
A display apparatus of the present technique includes for use
with a light transmissive display member and is configured to
project an image onto the light transmissive display member to
forms a virtual image of the image, on an opposite side of the
display member from a user. The display apparatus includes a
display device housed in a housing and configured to display an
image, and a projection optical system housed in the housing and
configured to project the image displayed on the display device
onto the display member. The housing has an opening through which
projection light is emitted. The projection optical system
includes, on an optical path from the display device to the
opening, a first reflection member disposed on a display device
side, and a second reflection member disposed on the opening
side.
Inventors: |
KUZUHARA; SATOSHI; (Osaka,
JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. |
Osaka |
|
JP |
|
|
Family ID: |
53477976 |
Appl. No.: |
15/076657 |
Filed: |
March 22, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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PCT/JP2014/006366 |
Dec 22, 2014 |
|
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15076657 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
345/7 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G03B 21/28 20130101;
G02B 2027/0141 20130101; G02B 2027/0181 20130101; G03B 21/62
20130101; G02B 2027/0123 20130101; G02B 5/10 20130101; G02B 27/0101
20130101; H04N 5/64 20130101; G02B 2027/013 20130101; G02B 2027/014
20130101; B60K 35/00 20130101; G02B 27/0149 20130101; G02B 2027/011
20130101; G02B 27/01 20130101 |
International
Class: |
G02B 27/01 20060101
G02B027/01 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 27, 2013 |
JP |
2013-271279 |
Claims
1. A display apparatus for use with a light transmissive display
member and configured to project an image onto the light
transmissive display member to form a virtual image of the image,
on an opposite side of the display member from a user, the display
apparatus comprising; a display device housed in a housing and
configured to display an image; and a projection optical system
housed in the housing and configured to project the image displayed
on the display device onto the display member, wherein a housing
having an opening through which projection light is emitted; the
projection optical system includes, on an optical path from the
display device to the opening, a first reflection member disposed
on a display device side, and a second reflection member disposed
on an opening side, the second reflection member has a reflection
surface which projects the image onto the display member and has a
free curved concave shape, and a relationship between a vertical
length Yv of the image displayed on the display device and a
distance T, on a central optical path, from the user to the virtual
image satisfies 0.03< (T.times.Lv)/Yv<0.22, where Lv is a
vertical length of the virtual image of the image.
2. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in the
display apparatus, a distance D12 between the first reflection
member and the second reflection member and a distance DL1 between
the first reflection member and the image on the display device
satisfy 3.0<D12/DL1.
3. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the
reflection surface of the first reflection member has a
rotationally asymmetric convex shape.
4. A display apparatus for use with a light transemissive display
member and configured to project an image onto the light
transmissive display member to form a virtual image of the image on
an opposite side of the display member from a user, the display
apparatus comprising: a display device configured to display an
image; and a projection optical system configured to project the
image displayed on the display device onto the display member,
wherein the projection optical system includes, on an optical path
from the display device to the display member, a first reflection
member disposed on a display device side, and a second reflection
member disposed on a display member side, the second reflection
member has a reflection surface which projects the image onto the
display member and has a free curved concave shape, and a
relationship between a vertical length Yv of the image displayed on
the display device and a distance T, on a central optical path,
from the user to the virtual image satisfies 0.03<
(T.times.Lv)/Yv<0.22, where Lv is a vertical length of the
virtual image of the image.
5. The display apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a distance
D12 between the first reflection member and the second reflection
member and a distance DL1 between the first reflection member and
the image on the display device satisfy 3.0<D12/DL1.
6. The display apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the
reflection surface of the first reflection member has a
rotationally asymmetric convex shape.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] 1. Field
[0002] The present technique relates to a display apparatus in
which a display image is projected on a light transmissive display
member so that a virtual image of the display image is visible.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2013-25205
discloses a head-up display having a curved screen in which a
curvature of field of a virtual image is corrected. Japanese
Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2013-111999 discloses a head-up
display in which a display image is displayed, being divided into
two screens.
SUMMARY
[0005] A display apparatus of the present technique includes for
use with a light transmissive display member and is configured to
project an image onto the light transmissive display member to form
a virtual image of the image, on an opposite side of the display
member form a user. The display apparatus includes a display device
housed in a housing and configured to display an image, and a
projection optical system housed in the housing and configured to
project the image displayed on the display device onto the display
member. The housing has an opening through which projection light
is emitted. The projection optical system includes, on an optical
path from the display device to the opening, a first reflection
member disposed on a display device side, and a second reflection
member disposed on an opening side. The second reflection member
has a reflection surface which projects the image onto the display
member and has a free curved concave shape. Further, a relationship
between a vertical length Yv of the image displayed on the display
device and a distance T, on a central optical path, from the user
to the virtual image satisfies 0.03< (T.times.Lv)/Yv<0.22,
where Lv is a vertical length of the virtual image of the
image.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0006] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of
an in-vehicle display apparatus including a display unit according
to an exemplary embodiment of the present technique.
[0007] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a
display unit used in the in-vehicle display apparatus.
[0008] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic
configuration of the display unit.
[0009] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a display surface of the
display device.
[0010] FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing how a display
position of an image displayed on the display device is
changed.
[0011] FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing how the image
projected by a projection optical system is changed by changing the
display position of the image displayed on the display device.
[0012] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional
relationship among the display device of the display unit, a first
mirror, a second mirror, a user, and the virtual image.
[0013] FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a positional relationship of
the image displayed on the display device.
[0014] FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship
between an eye box as a visible area of the user and a virtual
image which can be seen by the user, in the present exemplary
embodiment.
[0015] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing how the virtual
image looks when viewed from different positions (1) to (5) in the
eye box as the visible area, in the present exemplary
embodiment.
[0016] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a configuration of
another exemplary embodiment of the display unit used for the
in-vehicle display apparatus.
[0017] FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing another example of the
first mirror.
[0018] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a
mirror having a free curved reflection surface.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In the following, a display unit and a display apparatus
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present technique will
be described with reference to the drawings. However, the exemplary
embodiments will not be described in detail in some cases. For
example, in some cases, unnecessarily detailed description on
already well-known matters or redundant description on
substantially identical configurations will not be made. This is to
avoid the description being unnecessarily redundant and to help
those skilled in the art to easily understand. Note that the
inventor provides the accompanying drawings and the following
description to help those skilled in the art to sufficiently
understand the present technique, but does not intend to use the
drawings or description to limit the subject matters of the
claims.
[0020] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of
an in-vehicle display apparatus including a display unit according
to an exemplary embodiment of the present technique.
[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, the in-vehicle display apparatus
according to the present exemplary embodiment is configured such
that display unit 10 for projecting an image is disposed in
dashboard 21 of vehicle 20. Display unit 10 projects an image on
windshield 22 as a light transmissive display member disposed in
vehicle 20, and thus forms, on an opposite side of windshield 22 to
user 30, virtual image 40 of the image projected by display unit
10. User 30 can see, through windshield 22, virtual image 40 of the
image projected by display unit 10. The chain double-dashed line
shown in FIG. 1 represents central optical path L of the projected
image, and also in the following description, central optical path
L is represented by a chain double-dashed line in the drawings.
[0022] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of the
display unit used in the in-vehicle display apparatus. FIG. 2 shows
the configuration with a part of a housing of the display unit cut
away. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic
configuration of the display unit.
[0023] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, display unit 10 according to
the present exemplary embodiment is configured such that housing 11
having opening 11A houses therein display device 12 for displaying
an image and a projection optical system for projecting the image
displayed on display device 12 onto windshield 22 as the display
member. This arrangement enables user 30 to see virtual image 40 of
the image through windshield 22 as the display member. Regarding
the image projected onto windshield 22 as the display member,
virtual image 40 of the image can be seen by user 30 from eye box
31 as a previously assumed visible area.
[0024] Opening 11A of housing 11 forms an emitting window through
which the projection light from the projection optical system is
emitted. Opening 11A of housing 11 may be provided with a light
transmissive cover made of a transparent resin sheet or the like
such so as to close opening 11A.
[0025] As display device 12, there is used a liquid crystal
display, an organic EL display, a plasma display, or the like, and
a predetermined image is displayed in a display area of display
device 12, based on an image signal being input from display
controller 15.
[0026] In addition, the projection optical system includes, on the
optical path from display device 12 to windshield 22 as the display
member, first mirror 13 as a first reflection member disposed on a
display device 12 side and second mirror 14 as a second reflection
member disposed on a display member side, that is, on an opening
11A side through which the projection light of the image displayed
on display device 12 is emitted.
[0027] As shown in FIG. 2, in housing 11 of display unit 10,
opening 11A through which the projection light is emitted has:
first edge 11B formed in a circumferential area on a first mirror
13 side of opening 11A; and second edge 11C formed in a
circumferential on a second mirror 14 side of opening 11A. Display
device 12 is disposed such that the display area on which the image
is being displayed is located on the first mirror 13 side, with
respect to straight line LS connecting first edge 11B and second
edge 11C. With this arrangement, even if external light enters into
display unit 10, entering of the external light into the display
area of display device 12 can be controlled; thus, virtual image 40
of high quality can be formed.
[0028] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a display surface of the
display device. As shown in FIG. 4, rectangular display device 12
has: rectangular display area 12A for displaying predetermined
image 16, based on an image signal being input from display
controller 15; and non-display area 12B formed in an area
surrounding display area 12A. Further, image 16 displayed on
display device 12 is vertically and horizontally reversed with
respect to virtual image 40 displayed by display unit 10. Marks
(1), (2), (3), and (4) added on virtual image 40 shown in FIG. 3 to
indicate positions and marks (1), (2), (3), and (4) added on image
16 shown in FIG. 4 to indicate positions illustrate that image 16
displayed on display device 12 is reversed with respect to virtual
image 40 formed by display unit 10.
[0029] Display controller 15 is configured to be able to change the
display position of image 16 in display area 12A by controlling the
image signal being input to display device 12.
[0030] FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing how the display
position of the image displayed on the display device is changed.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing how the image projected by
the projection optical system is changed by changing the display
position of the image displayed on the display device.
[0031] As shown in FIG. 5, display controller 15 can control the
image signal so that the position of the image displayed on display
device 12 is changed from display position 16A to display position
16B. Note that the display position is not limited to two display
positions 16A and 16B, and can be set to an arbitrary position by
display controller 15.
[0032] As shown in FIG. 6, when the position of the image is
controlled to be changed from display position 16A to display
position 16B, the central optical path of the projected image is
changed from L1 to L2, whereby the position of the viewpoint of
user 30 viewing virtual image 40 is changed.
[0033] That is, display unit 10 according to the present exemplary
embodiment has a configuration in which the position of the image
displayed on display device 12 can be changed by controlling
display controller 15, and thus user 30 can see appropriate virtual
image 40 depending on the position of the viewpoint of user 30. For
example, when display unit 10 is mounted in vehicle 20, a mounting
error of display unit 10 is caused. With display unit 10 of the
present exemplary embodiment, display controller 15 is controlled
to adjust the display position of the image displayed on display
device 12 so that user 30 can see appropriate virtual image 40;
therefore, the mounting error can be corrected by display unit 10
itself. In addition, when user 30 is changed, the position of the
viewpoint of user 30 may change. In that case, display controller
15 can be controlled to adjust display positions 16A and 16B of
image 16 displayed on display device 12 so that user 30 can see
appropriate virtual image 40.
[0034] Incidentally, in order to enable user 30 to see appropriate
virtual image 40 in the display apparatus of the present exemplary
embodiment, it is preferable that the viewpoint of user 30 is
located almost at a center of eye box 31 as the visible area.
Therefore, when the position of the viewpoint of user 30 has been
changed, display controller 15 controls to move display positions
16A and 16B of image 16 displayed on display device 12 so that the
viewpoint of user 30 is located almost at a center of eye box 31 as
the visible area.
[0035] The results of conducted experiments show that Vi/Is is
preferably equal to or more than two and less than seven, where Vi
is a moving amount of a viewpoint area of a user, and Is is a
moving amount of image 16 displayed on display device 12. It is
more preferable that display controller 15 controls the moving
amount of image 16 so that Vi/Is is equal to or more than four and
less than six. It is found that if Vi/Is is equal to or more than
seven, distortion of the image observed in eye box 31 of user 30 is
large, and if Vi/Is is less than two, eye box 31 as the visible
area of user 30 is small.
[0036] First mirror 13 as the first reflection member of the
projection optical system is disposed vertically above the display
surface of display device 12, that is, display area 12A. In first
mirror 13, reflection surface 13A for reflecting the image
displayed on display device 12 has a free curved convex shape.
Second mirror 14 as the second reflection member of the projection
optical system is disposed, on the optical path reflected by
reflection surface 13A of first mirror 13, vertically below
windshield 22 as the display member. In second mirror 14,
reflection surface 14A having a free curved concave shape faces
reflection surface 13A of first mirror 13 and projects the image
onto windshield 22 as the display member.
[0037] Next, arrangement of display device 12, first mirror 13, and
second mirror 14 in display unit 10 will be described.
[0038] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional
relationship among the display device of the display unit, the
first mirror, the second mirror, the user, and the virtual image.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a positional relationship of the
image displayed on the display device. The reference marks shown in
FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are defined below. The distances among display
device 12, first mirror 13, and second mirror 14 represent lengths
on the central optical path.
[0039] D12 is the distance between first mirror 13 and second
mirror 14;
[0040] Lv is the vertical length (T.times.tan .theta.) of virtual
image 40;
[0041] T is the distance, on the central optical path, from a pupil
of user 30 to virtual image 40;
[0042] .theta. is the angle in the vertical direction when virtual
image 40 is viewed from the pupil of user 30;
[0043] Yv is the vertical length (corresponding to the vertical
length of the virtual image) of image 16 displayed on display
device 12; and
[0044] DL1 is the distance between first mirror 13 and image 16 on
display device 12.
[0045] The display apparatus using display unit 10 according to the
present exemplary embodiment is arranged such that distance D12
between first mirror 13 and second mirror 14 satisfies
0.2<D12/Lv<1.3. It is preferable that the display apparatus
is arranged such that distance D12 between first mirror 13 and
second mirror 14 satisfies 0.5<D12/Lv<1.0. It is more
preferable that the display apparatus is arranged such that an
upper limit of distance D12 between first mirror 13 and second
mirror 14 satisfies D12/Lv<0.9.
[0046] This arrangement enables user 30 to see sufficiently large
virtual image 40 even with small display unit 10 in which the
distance between first mirror 13 and second mirror 14 is small.
This arrangement can prevent a curvature of second mirror 14 from
becoming large, and thus a screen distortion of virtual image 40
can also be easily corrected. That is, the present exemplary
embodiment can realize downsizing of display unit 10.
[0047] The display apparatus of the present exemplary embodiment is
also configured such that the relationship between vertical length
Yv of image 16 displayed on display device 12 and distance T, on
the central optical path, from user 30 to virtual image 40
satisfies 0.03< (T.times.Lv)/Yv<0.22.
[0048] Here, in the present exemplary embodiment, if the
relationship (T.times.Lv)/Yv between vertical length Yv of image 16
and distance T from user 30 to virtual image 40 is more than 0.22,
the distance from user 30 to virtual image 40 is large, whereby the
display apparatus becomes large. On the other hand, if the
relationship (T.times.Lv)/Yv between vertical length Yv of image 16
and distance T from user 30 to virtual image 40 is less than 0.03,
the vertical length of image 16 displayed on display device 12
needs to be large, and as a result, display unit 10 becomes large.
That is, according to the present exemplary embodiment, it is
possible to realize downsizing of display unit 10 and downsizing of
the display apparatus using display unit 10.
[0049] In addition, the display apparatus using display unit 10
according to the present exemplary embodiment is configured such
that distance D12 between first mirror 13 and second mirror 14 and
distance DL1 between first mirror 13 and image 16 on display device
12 satisfy 3.0<D12/DL1. It is preferable that the display
apparatus is configured such that distance D12 between first mirror
13 and second mirror 14 and distance DL1 between first mirror 13
and image 16 on display device 12 satisfy 3.5<D12/DL1<10.0.
It is more preferable that the display apparatus is configured such
that distance D12 between first mirror 13 and second mirror 14 and
distance DL1 between first mirror 13 and image 16 on display device
12 satisfy 5.0<D12/DL1<8.0.
[0050] In the present exemplary embodiment, by configuring such
that distance D12 between first mirror 13 and second mirror 14 and
distance DL1 between first mirror 13 and image 16 on display device
12 satisfy 3.0<D12/DL1, the curvature of second mirror 14 can be
prevented from becoming large, whereby the screen distortion of
virtual image 40 can be also easily corrected. That is, according
to the present exemplary embodiment, it is possible to downsize
display unit 10.
[0051] FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship
between the eye box as the visible area of the user and the virtual
image which can be seen by the user, in the present exemplary
embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram when virtual image 40 is viewed
from a lower left position (3) of eye box 31.
[0052] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing how the virtual
image looks when viewed from different positions (1) to (5) in the
eye box as the visible area, in the present exemplary embodiment.
Here, the visible area (eye box) is an area in which the user can
observe the entire virtual image without any missing part, and the
visible area (eye box) has a rectangular shape of 120 mm
width.times.35 mm height, in the present exemplary embodiment.
[0053] As shown FIG. 10, with the display apparatus according to
the present exemplary embodiment, the screen distortion is
corrected for the entire area of eye box 31 when virtual image 40
is viewed from the positions (1) to (5) in eye box 31. In other
words, user 30 can see satisfactory virtual image 40 from the
entire area of eye box 31.
[0054] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a configuration of
another exemplary embodiment of the display unit used for the
in-vehicle display apparatus. In the present exemplary embodiment,
as shown in FIG. 11, in housing 11 of display unit 10, first light
shielding part 11D is provided in a circumferential area on the
first mirror 13 side of opening 11A through which the projection
light passes, and second light shielding part 11E is provided in a
circumferential area on the second mirror 14 side of opening 11A,
to have a shape which seems to have been cut and raised from
housing 11. First light shielding part 11D has first edge 11B, and
second light shielding part 11E has second edge 11C. Display device
12 is disposed such that the display area for displaying the image
is located on the first mirror 13 side, with respect to straight
line LS connecting first edge 11B and second edge 11C.
[0055] With this arrangement, even if external light enters into
display unit 10, entering of the external light into the display
area of display device 12 can be controlled; thus, virtual image 40
of high quality can be formed. In addition, with the present
exemplary embodiment, since first light shielding part 11D and
second light shielding part 11E are provided, an opening area of
opening 11A can be large; thus, large degree of freedom in design
is secured.
[0056] As described above, according to the present technique,
display unit 10 for projecting an image is configured such that
display device 12 configured to display an image and the projection
optical system configured to project the image displayed on display
device 12 onto the display member are housed in housing 11 having
opening 11A through which projection light is emitted. The
projection optical system includes, on the optical path from
display device 12 to opening 11A, first mirror 13 disposed on the
display device 12 side; and second mirror 14 disposed on the
opening 11A side. First mirror 13 has reflection surface 13A which
reflects the image displayed on display device 12 and has a free
curved convex shape, and second mirror 14 has reflection surface
14A which projects the image onto the display member and has a free
curved concave shape. Further, the relationship between vertical
length Yv of image 16 displayed on display device 12 and distance
T, on the central optical path, from user 30 to virtual image 40
satisfies 0.03< (T.times.Lv)/Yv<0.22, where Lv is the
vertical length of virtual image 40 of the image.
[0057] With this arrangement, the distance from user 30 to virtual
image 40 is not large, and the vertical length of image 16
displayed on display device 12 does not need to be large; thus, it
is possible to downsize display unit 10 and the display apparatus
using display unit 10.
[0058] In addition, with the present technique, it is possible to
successfully correct the screen distortion occurred in windshield
22 as the display member having a predetermined curvature; thus,
the virtual image of the image formed on the opposite side of the
display member to the user has a small screen distortion, whereby
the user can see the virtual image without feeling strange.
[0059] Here, reflection surface 13A of first mirror 13 of display
unit 10 according to the present technique has a rotationally
asymmetric convex shape. With this arrangement, it is possible to
successfully correct the screen distortion over the entire
viewpoint area of the user. In addition, it is preferable that
reflection surface 13A of first mirror 13 has a convex shape in the
horizontal direction. This arrangement enables the curvature, in
the horizontal direction, of reflection surface 14A of second
mirror 14 to increase; thus, the display apparatus can be
downsized.
[0060] Although the above exemplary embodiment is described using
the case where reflection surface 13A of first mirror 13 has a free
curved convex shape, reflection surface 13A may be a toroidal
surface having a convex surface in the horizontal direction. Note
that the "toroidal surface" represents an aspherical surface shape
having different curvatures in the horizontal direction and the
vertical direction, which are orthogonal to each other.
[0061] Further, reflection surface 13A of first mirror 13 may have
a rotationally asymmetric shape having different curvatures in the
X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 12.
[0062] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a
mirror whose reflection surface is a free curved surface. As shown
in FIG. 13, the free curved reflection surface is defined as
below.
[0063] In reflection surface F, when vertical reference curve F1
and horizontal reference curve F2 both passing through optical axis
C of a central optical path of an image are set, reflection surface
F has reflection areas .theta.1, .theta.2, .theta.3, and .theta.4
having different curvatures with a point, at which vertical
reference curve F1 and horizontal reference curve F2 intersect, as
a border.
EXAMPLES
[0064] In the following, specific examples will be described with
respect to the display apparatus according to the present
technique. Note that, in the examples to be described below, the
unit of length and the unit of angle in the tables are respectively
mm and degree. In addition, the free curved surface is defined by
the following mathematical expression.
cr 2 1 + 1 - ( 1 + k ) c 2 r 2 + j = 2 c j x m y n j = ( m + n ) 2
+ m + 3 n 2 + 1 Mathematical Expression 1 ##EQU00001##
[0065] In Mathematical Expression 1, z is a sag amount at a
position (x, y) with respect to the axes defining the surface; r is
a radius of curvature at the origin of the axes defining the
surface; c is a curvature at the origin of the axes defining the
surface; k is a conic constant; and Cj is a coefficient of a
monomial x.sup.my.sup.n.
[0066] Further, in the examples, the coordinate origin as a
reference is the center of the image (display surface) displayed in
display device 12; and in the tables, the horizontal direction of
the display surface is represented as the X-axis, the vertical
direction is represented as the Y-axis, and the direction
perpendicular to the display surface is represented as the
Z-axis.
[0067] In the tables, surface number 1 represents the display
surface of display device 12; surface number 2 represents first
mirror 13; surface number 3 represents second mirror; surface
number 4 represents windshield 22; and surface number 5 represents
the viewpoint of a user. Further, in the eccentricity data, ADE
represents an amount by which the mirror is rotated from the Z-axis
direction to the Y-axis direction about the X-axis, BDE represents
an amount by which the mirror is rotated from the X-axis direction
to the Z-axis direction about the Y-axis, and CDE represents an
amount by which the mirror is rotated from the X-axis direction to
the Y-axis direction about the Z-axis.
Example 1
TABLE-US-00001 [0068] TABLE 1 Surface number X curvature Y
curvature 2 603.2021 2654.4
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Surface number Coefficient of polynomial 3
C1 0.00000E+00 C2 -3.53809E-02 C3 1.28613E-02 C4 6.92444E-04 C5
5.21278E-06 C6 2.72060E-04 C7 -3.35289E-07 C8 -2.38015E-07 C9
-1.86100E-07 C10 -1.06353E-06 C11 2.39274E-09 C12 -1.23325E-10 C13
5.27888E-09 C14 -7.12437E-09 C15 1.34163E-08 C16 9.51762E-13 C17
-1.48362E-11 C18 9.29390E-12 C19 4.87235E-12 C20 -1.22754E-10 C21
3.76537E-10 C22 -2.41643E-14 C23 5.70609E-14 C24 -1.55312E-13 C25
5.63778E-13 C26 -1.72194E-12 C27 3.64513E-12 C28 -6.10356E-12 C29
0.00000E+00 C30 0.00000E+00 C31 0.00000E+00 C32 0.00000E+00 C33
0.00000E+00 C34 0.00000E+00 C35 0.00000E+00 C36 0.00000E+00 C37
0.00000E+00 C38 0.00000E+00 C39 0.00000E+00 C40 0.00000E+00 C41
0.00000E+00 C42 0.00000E+00 C43 0.00000E+00 C44 0.00000E+00 C45
0.00000E+00 C46 0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C48 0.00000E+00 C49
0.00000E+00 C50 0.00000E+00 C51 0.00000E+00 C52 0.00000E+00 C53
0.00000E+00 C54 0.00000E+00 C55 0.00000E+00 C56 0.00000E+00 C57
0.00000E+00 C58 0.00000E+00 C59 0.00000E+00 C60 0.00000E+00 C61
0.00000E+00 C62 0.00000E+00 C63 0.00000E+00 C64 0.00000E+00 C65
0.00000E+00 C66 0.00000E+00
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y Z
ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Toroidal -1.836 2.033 48.083 -30.835
2.234 0.577 3 Free curved surface 1.602 116.142 -7.383 -41.903
2.082 0.995 4 Toroidal 12.044 5.809 256.018 43.684 5.817 2.521 5
203.349 -755.414 511.993 109.093 6.642 -8.320
Example 2
TABLE-US-00004 [0069] TABLE 4 Surface number Coefficient of
polynomial 2 C1 0.00000E+00 C2 -2.37943E-02 C3 1.69540E-02 C4
6.95718E-04 C5 2.53616E-05 C6 2.93214E-04 C7 -4.97930E-07 C8
-6.24744E-07 C9 -6.72213E-07 C10 -4.12374E-07 C11 1.40407E-09 C12
-3.73506E-10 C13 4.88892E-09 C14 -3.10558E-09 C15 8.54164E-09 C16
-8.95059E-13 C17 -1.47160E-11 C18 -1.83957E-12 C19 2.41168E-11 C20
-1.90336E-10 C21 2.95788E-10 C22 -1.14425E-14 C23 9.02420E-14 C24
-1.18772E-13 C25 2.31335E-13 C26 -9.13190E-13 C27 3.19186E-12 C28
-4.36103E-12 C29 0.00000E+00 C30 0.00000E+00 C31 0.00000E+00 C32
0.00000E+00 C33 0.00000E+00 C34 0.00000E+00 C35 0.00000E+00 C36
0.00000E+00 C37 0.00000E+00 C38 0.00000E+00 C39 0.00000E+00 C40
0.00000E+00 C41 0.00000E+00 C42 0.00000E+00 C43 0.00000E+00 C44
0.00000E+00 C45 0.00000E+00 C46 0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C48
0.00000E+00 C49 0.00000E+00 C50 0.00000E+00 C51 0.00000E+00 C52
0.00000E+00 C53 0.00000E+00 C54 0.00000E+00 C55 0.00000E+00 C56
0.00000E+00 C57 0.00000E+00 C58 0.00000E+00 C59 0.00000E+00 C60
0.00000E+00 C61 0.00000E+00 C62 0.00000E+00 C63 0.00000E+00 C64
0.00000E+00 C65 0.00000E+00 C66 0.00000E+00 3 C1 0.00000E+00 C2
5.55069E-02 C3 2.88012E-02 C4 1.79659E-04 C5 -2.29361E-05 C6
-4.44075E-04 C7 -2.94434E-06 C8 -4.46411E-06 C9 -2.97119E-06 C10
3.34442E-06 C11 -1.18069E-08 C12 -2.24904E-08 C13 3.83585E-08 C14
-5.06094E-09 C15 1.15003E-07 C16 -4.48742E-11 C17 6.52135E-11 C18
-2.66825E-10 C19 -1.44244E-10 C20 -1.13270E-09 C21 5.86354E-10 C22
-7.19280E-13 C23 7.83822E-12 C24 5.78822E-14 C25 3.58110E-12 C26
-9.17880E-12 C27 1.87450E-11 C28 -7.35955E-11 C29 9.28492E-15 C30
-1.66169E-14 C31 -3.33447E-14 C32 -6.11151E-14 C33 -7.48046E-14 C34
1.58819E-13 C35 6.56811E-13 C36 1.08622E-14 C37 0.00000E+00 C38
0.00000E+00 C39 0.00000E+00 C40 0.00000E+00 C41 0.00000E+00 C42
0.00000E+00 C43 0.00000E+00 C44 0.00000E+00 C45 0.00000E+00 C46
0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C48 0.00000E+00 C49 0.00000E+00 C50
0.00000E+00 C51 0.00000E+00 C52 0.00000E+00 C53 0.00000E+00 C54
0.00000E+00 C55 0.00000E+00 C56 0.00000E+00 C57 0.00000E+00 C58
0.00000E+00 C59 0.00000E+00 C60 0.00000E+00 C61 0.00000E+00 C62
0.00000E+00 C63 0.00000E+00 C64 0.00000E+00 C65 0.00000E+00 C66
0.00000E+00
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y Z
ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Free curved surface -0.377 6.917 47.660
-27.080 0.566 -0.024 3 Free curved surface 0.676 119.411 -11.103
-40.435 0.556 0.108 4 Toroidal 21.177 17.593 255.181 45.060 6.490
4.825 5 245.397 -728.488 528.440 110.670 9.006 -7.980
Example 3
TABLE-US-00006 [0070] TABLE 6 Surface number X curvature Y
curvature 2 711.0349 628.2919
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Surface number Coefficient of polynomial 2
C1 -7.74625E+00 C19 2.49212E-11 C37 9.30119E-19 C55 5.72526E-18 C2
-1.73760E-02 C20 5.59040E-11 C38 1.67547E-18 C56 -1.43014E-22 C3
-3.54173E-02 C21 2.13743E-11 C39 2.20897E-19 C57 -1.67215E-23 C4
5.57437E-04 C22 -1.14501E-15 C40 -2.43948E-17 C58 -4.39331E-22 C5
4.91213E-05 C23 -2.39542E-14 C41 -2.78455E-18 C59 5.33256E-22 C6
2.72918E-04 C24 5.34863E-14 C42 -9.89926E-18 C60 8.68017E-22 C7
6.70001E-08 C25 5.49852E-13 C43 2.10560E-17 C61 -1.46669E-21 C8
-3.68481E-07 C26 -3.26715E-13 C44 4.10178E-16 C62 4.57527E-21 C9
-7.18698E-08 C27 -9.84776E-13 C45 3.85909E-16 C63 -3.00340E-21 C10
-1.97712E-07 C28 -9.93883E-13 C46 1.40656E-20 C64 -2.54986E-20 C11
1.61710E-09 C29 6.07330E-16 C47 -1.45731E-22 C65 1.92867E-21 C12
4.96069E-11 C30 -1.17494E-16 C48 8.90634E-20 C66 -8.45424E-20 C13
3.19279E-09 C31 -8.05043E-16 C49 9.38960E-20 C14 -2.68371E-09 C32
-2.62095E-15 C50 -2.95915E-19 C15 5.40272E-09 C33 1.69253E-15 C51
-4.41647E-20 C16 -1.87291E-11 C34 -7.25278E-15 C52 6.92333E-19 C17
-1.72096E-12 C35 -1.56103E-14 C53 1.81955E-18 C18 -5.14945E-12 C36
-2.44877E-14 C54 -1.17293E-18
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y Z
ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Toroidal 2.933 1.054 45.949 -39.465
-1.082 -4.335 3 Free curved surface 8.680 162.225 18.038 -58.032
0.358 -4.453 4 Toroidal 59.478 20.245 245.022 31.889 2.347 1.388 5
168.515 -800.395 336.634 96.038 4.685 -6.441
Example 4
TABLE-US-00009 [0071] TABLE 9 Surface number Coefficient of
polynomial 2 C1 0.00000E+00 C19 -1.28160E-10 C37 0.00000E+00 C55
0.00000E+00 C2 -1.88798E-03 C20 -4.88795E-10 C38 0.00000E+00 C56
0.00000E+00 C3 -1.16384E-02 C21 4.65021E-11 C39 0.00000E+00 C57
0.00000E+00 C4 -2.20104E-05 C22 1.79401E-12 C40 0.00000E+00 C58
0.00000E+00 C5 -5.60173E-05 C23 9.52643E-13 C41 0.00000E+00 C59
0.00000E+00 C6 -8.71798E-05 C24 1.70778E-12 C42 0.00000E+00 C60
0.00000E+00 C7 -1.37429E-06 C25 9.42122E-13 C43 0.00000E+00 C61
0.00000E+00 C8 -2.39788E-06 C26 2.23806E-12 C44 0.00000E+00 C62
0.00000E+00 C9 -4.08949E-06 C27 -1.08763E-12 C45 0.00000E+00 C63
0.00000E+00 C10 1.08131E-06 C28 4.61590E-12 C46 0.00000E+00 C64
0.00000E+00 C11 -8.45057E-09 C29 0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C65
0.00000E+00 C12 4.32821E-09 C30 0.00000E +00 C48 0.00000E+00 C66
0.00000E+00 C13 2.24025E-08 C31 0.00000E+00 C49 0.00000E+00 C14
1.51402E-08 C32 0.00000E+00 C50 0.00000E+00 C15 -5.48935E-09 C33
0.00000E+00 C51 0.00000E+00 C16 -6.11656E-11 C34 0.00000E+00 C52
0.00000E+00 C17 -2.97250E-10 C35 0.00000E+00 C53 0.00000E+00 C18
-1.38852E-10 C36 0.00000E+00 C54 0.00000E+00 3 C1 -4.13454E+00 C19
2.13613E-11 C37 5.30403E-19 C55 5.51614E-18 C2 -1.25103E-02 C20
4.26555E-11 C38 1.84207E-18 C56 -1.19051E-22 C3 -3.33999E-02 C21
3.42848E-11 C39 -9.20942E-19 C57 -7.26209E-24 C4 5.57897E-04 C22
-2.89755E-14 C40 -2.48408E-17 C58 -4.55573E-22 C5 4.81348E-05 C23
-2.72475E-14 C41 3.64698E-18 C59 3.97866E-22 C6 2.73964E-04 C24
3.73200E-14 C42 -6.26492E-18 C60 7.64242E-22 C7 -9.02684E-08 C25
4.71097E-13 C43 1.51546E-17 C61 -1.46295E-21 C8 -5.62752E-07 C26
-2.32457E-13 C44 3.47700E-16 C62 3.58028E-21 C9 -4.16046E-07 C27
-1.07144E-12 C45 3.67879E-16 C63 -4.69101E-21 C10 -1.75022E-07 C28
-7.46368E-13 C46 1.68651E-20 C64 -2.21322E-20 C11 1.75704E-09 C29
5.65531E-16 C47 9.24582E-22 C65 8.72864E-21 C12 3.90988E-10 C30
-2.56218E-16 C48 1.00871E-19 C66 -7.82403E-20 C13 2.80206E-09 C31
-6.36585E-16 C49 8.61703E-20 C14 -1.45904E-09 C32 -1.97885E-15 C50
-2.61479E-19 C15 4.27866E-09 C33 1.74136E-15 C51 6.79566E-20 C16
-1.86021E-11 C34 -7.29656E-15 C52 6.59543E-19 C17 -6.34215E-13 C35
-1.68610E-14 C53 1.68901E-18 C18 -1.08581E-11 C36 -2.53896E-14 C54
-9.15230E-19
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y
Z ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Free curved surface -3.139 4.384
51.009 -33.675 5.137 -0.818 3 Free curved surface 9.725 159.210
1.656 -50.376 5.155 0.690 4 Toroidal 37.961 47.706 253.040 39.594
7.745 -3.307 5 119.229 -754.992 459.930 103.782 2.822 -13.350
Example 5
TABLE-US-00011 [0072] TABLE 11 Surface number Coefficient of
polynomial 2 C1 0.00000E+00 C19 8.54316E-10 C37 0.00000E+00 C55
0.00000E+00 C2 7.43401E-02 C20 -3.00716E-08 C38 0.00000E+00 C56
0.00000E+00 C3 1.26031E-01 C21 8.57783E-08 C39 0.00000E+00 C57
0.00000E+00 C4 6.47921E-04 C22 -2.48786E-11 C40 0.00000E+00 C58
0.00000E+00 C5 4.33203E-05 C23 6.08772E-11 C41 0.00000E+00 C59
0.00000E+00 C6 -9.13686E-06 C24 -7.51368E-11 C42 0.00000E+00 C60
0.00000E+00 C7 2.70405E-06 C25 2.77465E-11 C43 0.00000E+00 C61
0.00000E+00 C8 -2.15690E-05 C26 -5.82084E-11 C44 0.00000E+00 C62
0.00000E+00 C9 -1.00719E-05 C27 -3.76834E-10 C45 0.00000E+00 C63
0.00000E+00 C10 3.62560E-05 C28 8.58741E-10 C46 0.00000E+00 C64
0.00000E+00 C11 -1.28051E-07 C29 0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C65
0.00000E+00 C12 -7.41791E-08 C30 0.00000E+00 C48 0.00000E+00 C66
0.00000E+00 C13 1.95578E-07 C31 0.00000E+00 C49 0.00000E+00 C14
-8.83249E-07 C32 0.00000E+00 C50 0.00000E+00 C15 3.04264E-06 C33
0.00000E+00 C51 0.00000E+00 C16 -1.63944E-09 C34 0.00000E+00 C52
0.00000E+00 C17 5.02021E-09 C35 0.00000E+00 C53 0.00000E+00 C18
3.61341E-09 C36 0.00000E+00 C54 0.00000E+00 3 C1 0.00000E+00 C19
1.05313E-10 C37 0.00000E+00 C55 0.00000E+00 C2 7.52284E-02 C20
-4.81729E-11 C38 0.00000E+00 C56 0.00000E+00 C3 -3.30535E-02 C21
2.49310E-10 C39 0.00000E+00 C57 0.00000E+00 C4 8.44337E-04 C22
-1.70460E-13 C40 0.00000E+00 C58 0.00000E+00 C5 6.09928E-05 C23
-8.10118E-14 C41 0.00000E+00 C59 0.00000E+00 C6 4.14469E-04 C24
-2.61025E-13 C42 0.00000E+00 C60 0.00000E+00 C7 7.24104E-07 C25
-2.44547E-13 C43 0.00000E+00 C61 0.00000E+00 C8 -1.80204E-06 C26
8.29562E-13 C44 0.00000E+00 C62 0.00000E+00 C9 3.80002E-07 C27
-2.79408E-13 C45 0.00000E+00 C63 0.00000E+00 C10 -6.31093E-07 C28
9.61641E-13 C46 0.00000E+00 C64 0.00000E+00 C11 1.57841E-09 C29
0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C65 0.00000E+00 C12 -3.45145E-09 C30
0.00000E+00 C48 0.00000E+00 C66 0.00000E+00 C13 7.12120E-09 C31
0.00000E+00 C49 0.00000E+00 C14 -4.93262E-09 C32 0.00000E+00 C50
0.00000E+00 C15 2.35792E-08 C33 0.00000E+00 C51 0.00000E+00 C16
-1.54142E-11 C34 0.00000E+00 C52 0.00000E+00 C17 -3.73411E-11 C35
0.00000E+00 C53 0.00000E+00 C18 -3.24326E-11 C36 0.00000E+00 C54
0.00000E+00
TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y
Z ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Free curved surface 3.163 19.185
38.804 -30.903 -2.266 -3.512 3 Free curved surface 6.486 129.959
34.777 -62.496 -0.087 -4.178 4 Toroidal 1.181 32.392 161.303 26.936
-5.181 -5.854 5 -168.219 -775.561 126.260 85.317 -12.157 8.390
Example 6
TABLE-US-00013 [0073] TABLE 13 Surface number Coefficient of
polynomial 2 C1 5.31393E+00 C19 4.18832E-08 C37 -6.59034E-15 C55
0.00000E+00 C2 6.14628E-02 C20 -1.57336E-07 C38 -3.14026E-14 C56
0.00000E+00 C3 4.64893E-01 C21 2.09544E-07 C39 -1.17757E-14 C57
0.00000E+00 C4 1.79720E-03 C22 -4.57278E-10 C40 -1.12045E-13 C58
0.00000E+00 C5 1.12476E-04 C23 -9.57855E-10 C41 -3.18189E-13 C59
0.00000E+00 C6 -4.01159E-04 C24 2.75575E-10 C42 1.10232E-13 C60
0.00000E+00 C7 3.25630E-05 C25 1.64775E-09 C43 4.23078E-13 C61
0.00000E+00 C8 4.60919E-06 C26 6.44462E-11 C44 1.00736E-12 C62
0.00000E+00 C9 -6.03291E-05 C27 -4.46906E-10 C45 -9.14181E-13 C63
0.00000E+00 C10 -3.58176E-05 C28 2.14478E-09 C46 0.00000E+00 C64
0.00000E+00 C11 -3.92909E-07 C29 -3.42160E-12 C47 0.00000E+00 C65
0.00000E+00 C12 7.98664E-07 C30 -1.09891E-11 C48 0.00000E+00 C66
0.00000E+00 C13 1.72870E-06 C31 -4.89577E-12 C49 0.00000E+00 C14
-5.87419E-06 C32 -3.37324E-12 C50 0.00000E+00 C15 3.61494E-06 C33
1.53945E-12 C51 0.00000E+00 C16 -2.52222E-08 C34 1.01476E-11 C52
0.00000E+00 C17 -1.72663E-08 C35 6.54663E-11 C53 0.00000E+00 C18
7.33649E-08 C36 -5.37173E-11 C54 0.00000E+00 3 C1 0.00000E+00 C19
1.17932E-10 C37 8.18620E-18 C55 0.00000E+00 C2 2.08429E-02 C20
2.38981E-10 C38 -6.90889E-18 C56 0.00000E+00 C3 1.26733E-01 C21
1.05279E-09 C39 4.21005E-18 C57 0.00000E+00 C4 1.60031E-03 C22
8.16294E-14 C40 -4.25062E-17 C58 0.00000E+00 C5 -7.79659E-05 C23
-4.87975E-13 C41 1.97423E-16 C59 0.00000E+00 C6 1.12460E-03 C24
-7.68740E-13 C42 2.62493E-17 C60 0.00000E+00 C7 9.69798E-07 C25
3.10216E-13 C43 7.93750E-16 C61 0.00000E+00 C8 -9.17625E-07 C26
-1.27347E-12 C44 1.57455E-16 C62 0.00000E+00 C9 1.62879E-06 C27
-3.78998E-12 C45 1.15341E-15 C63 0.00000E+00 C10 3.34641E-07 C28
-8.27569E-12 C46 0.00000E+00 C64 0.00000E+00 C11 1.67478E-09 C29
2.09554E-15 C47 0.00000E+00 C65 0.00000E+00 C12 1.62408E-09 C30
-2.43596E-15 C48 0.00000E+00 C66 0.00000E+00 C13 -1.95545E-09 C31
2.48185E-15 C49 0.00000E+00 C14 -1.00740E-08 C32 -1.04840E-14 C50
0.00000E+00 C15 -3.43339E-08 C33 1.81644E-14 C51 0.00000E+00 C16
-8.78711E-12 C34 -4.60001E-14 C52 0.00000E+00 C17 -2.95545E-11 C35
6.00041E-15 C53 0.00000E+00 C18 -1.72777E-10 C36 -1.03430E-13 C54
0.00000E+00
TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 14 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y
Z ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Free curved surface 7.045 22.397
30.974 1.945 -13.108 0.890 3 Free curved surface -10.138 67.640
-41.130 -21.652 -12.395 -4.389 4 Toroidal -28.813 29.813 232.960
57.727 -10.200 8.929 5 -17.199 -635.508 674.614 123.092 0.655
20.204
Example 7
TABLE-US-00015 [0074] TABLE 15 Surface number X curvature Y
curvature 2 603.2021 2654.4
TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 16 Surface number Coefficient of polynomial 3
C1 0.00000E+00 C19 4.87235E-12 C37 0.00000E+00 C55 0.00000E+00 C2
-3.53809E-02 C20 -1.22754E-10 C38 0.00000E+00 C56 0.00000E+00 C3
1.28613E-02 C21 3.76537E-10 C39 0.00000E+00 C57 0.00000E+00 C4
6.92444E-04 C22 -2.41643E-14 C40 0.00000E+00 C58 0.00000E+00 C5
5.21278E-06 C23 5.70609E-14 C41 0.00000E+00 C59 0.00000E+00 C6
2.72060E-04 C24 -1.55312E-13 C42 0.00000E+00 C60 0.00000E+00 C7
-3.35289E-07 C25 5.63778E-13 C43 0.00000E+00 C61 0.00000E+00 C8
-2.38015E-07 C26 -1.72194E-12 C44 0.00000E+00 C62 0.00000E+00 C9
-1.86100E-07 C27 3.64513E-12 C45 0.00000E+00 C63 0.00000E+00 C10
-1.06353E-06 C28 -6.10356E-12 C46 0.00000E+00 C64 0.00000E+00 C11
2.39274E-09 C29 0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C65 0.00000E+00 C12
-1.23325E-10 C30 0.00000E+00 C48 0.00000E+00 C66 0.00000E+00 C13
5.27888E-09 C31 0.00000E+00 C49 0.00000E+00 C14 -7.12437E-09 C32
0.00000E+00 C50 0.00000E+00 C15 1.34163E-08 C33 0.00000E+00 C51
0.00000E+00 C16 9.51762E-13 C34 0.00000E+00 C52 0.00000E+00 C17
-1.48362E-11 C35 0.00000E+00 C53 0.00000E+00 C18 9.29390E-12 C36
0.00000E+00 C54 0.00000E+00
TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 17 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y
Z ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Toroidal -1.836 2.033 48.083 -30.835
2.234 0.577 3 Free curved surface 1.602 116.142 -7.383 -41.903
2.082 0.995 4 Toroidal 12.044 5.809 256.018 43.684 5.817 2.521 5
203.349 -755.414 511.993 109.093 6.642 -8.320
Example 8
TABLE-US-00018 [0075] TABLE 18 Surface number Coefficient of
polynomial 2 C1 0.00000E+00 C19 -3.35093E-08 C37 4.64867E-13 C55
0.00000E+00 C2 -6.57571E-02 C20 -4.47809E-08 C38 2.62063E-13 C56
0.00000E+00 C3 -4.62022E-03 C21 3.65465E-08 C39 -2.32728E-13 C57
0.00000E+00 C4 4.20899E-04 C22 -7.12345E-10 C40 -1.72566E-12 C58
0.00000E+00 C5 3.31024E-04 C23 -7.68166E-10 C41 -1.30769E-12 C59
0.00000E+00 C6 -2.15702E-03 C24 3.18443E-10 C42 1.36316E-13 C60
0.00000E+00 C7 3.14987E-05 C25 1.59290E-09 C43 -3.87410E-12 C61
0.00000E+00 C8 -1.70716E-05 C26 2.88191E-09 C44 -5.36870E-12 C62
0.00000E+00 C9 1.38602E-05 C27 2.36459E-09 C45 3.92007E-12 C63
0.00000E+00 C10 1.66481E-05 C28 -1.48624E-09 C46 0.00000E+00 C64
0.00000E+00 C11 5.55736E-08 C29 1.11929E-11 C47 0.00000E+00 C65
0.00000E+00 C12 -6.23406E-08 C30 -7.08850E-12 C48 0.00000E+00 C66
0.00000E+00 C13 -4.48689E-07 C31 3.58639E-11 C49 0.00000E+00 C14
-8.94241E-07 C32 3.21771E-11 C50 0.00000E+00 C15 -6.91527E-07 C33
1.22466E-11 C51 0.00000E+00 C16 -2.06883E-08 C34 6.76941E-11 C52
0.00000E+00 C17 7.39764E-09 C35 9.53552E-11 C53 0.00000E+00 C18
-1.73937E-08 C36 -8.49188E-11 C54 0.00000E+00 3 C1 0.00000E+00 C19
7.36894E-11 C37 0.00000E+00 C55 0.00000E+00 C2 1.05136E-01 C20
-1.83107E-10 C38 0.00000E+00 C56 0.00000E+00 C3 -9.03206E-03 C21
-5.31482E-10 C39 0.00000E+00 C57 0.00000E+00 C4 3.19326E-03 C22
-8.61567E-14 C40 0.00000E+00 C58 0.00000E+00 C5 3.35742E-05 C23
-2.91138E-13 C41 0.00000E+00 C59 0.00000E+00 C6 2.55373E-03 C24
-3.14511E-13 C42 0.00000E+00 C60 0.00000E+00 C7 1.46521E-06 C25
-4.12771E-13 C43 0.00000E+00 C61 0.00000E+00 C8 -1.06354E-06 C26
-6.36879E-12 C44 0.00000E+00 C62 0.00000E+00 C9 1.19716E-06 C27
-2.56930E-11 C45 0.00000E+00 C63 0.00000E+00 C10 -3.22353E-07 C28
-3.20213E-11 C46 0.00000E+00 C64 0.00000E+00 C11 8.49822E-09 C29
0.00000E+00 C47 0.00000E+00 C65 0.00000E+00 C12 -1.76954E-09 C30
0.00000E+00 C48 0.00000E+00 C66 0.00000E+00 C13 1.83426E-08 C31
0.00000E+00 C49 0.00000E+00 C14 2.01842E-08 C32 0.00000E+00 C50
0.00000E+00 C15 4.03481E-08 C33 0.00000E+00 C51 0.00000E+00 C16
-9.97452E-12 C34 0.00000E+00 C52 0.00000E+00 C17 -4.38612E-11 C35
0.00000E+00 C53 0.00000E+00 C18 -2.75237E-11 C36 0.00000E+00 C54
0.00000E+00
TABLE-US-00019 TABLE 19 Surface Eccentricity data number Shape X Y
Z ADE BDE CDE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Free curved surface -0.477 4.508
19.660 -36.499 3.118 -0.887 3 Free curved surface 5.643 130.971
6.704 -59.994 3.213 0.429 4 Toroidal -101.437 2.506 198.814 30.423
-6.255 -15.582 5 -359.723 -706.261 310.727 105.859 -18.828
9.605
[0076] In the above Examples 1 to 6, Table 20 shows examples of the
display size of the image, the virtual image size, and the distance
from the viewpoint of a user to the virtual image. In addition,
Table 21 shows examples of the numerical values calculated, with
reference to FIG. 7, based on the parameters: D12 indicating the
distance between first mirror 13 and second mirror 14; Lv
indicating the vertical length (T.times.tan .theta.) of virtual
image 40; and T indicating the distance from the pupil of user 30
to virtual image 40.
TABLE-US-00020 TABLE 20 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4
Example 5 Example 6 Display size X 97.6 97.6 100.0 100.0 40.9 14.4
Y 36.6 36.6 50.0 50.0 20.5 38.4 Virtual image size X 420.0 420.0
540.0 540.0 252.0 300.0 Y 157.5 157.5 270.0 270.0 126.0 112.5
Pupil-virtual 2100 2100 2700 2700 2100 2500 image distance
TABLE-US-00021 TABLE 21 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4
Example 5 Example 6 D12/Lv 0.84 0.86 0.61 0. 61 0.89 0.90 (T
.times. Lv)/Yv 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.16 0.20
[0077] The present technique is preferably applied to a display
apparatus such as a head-up display for in-car use which requires
high image quality.
* * * * *