U.S. patent application number 14/634347 was filed with the patent office on 2016-07-07 for battery module vent and handle configuration system and method.
The applicant listed for this patent is Johnson Controls Technology Company. Invention is credited to Richard M. DeKeuster.
Application Number | 20160197323 14/634347 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 56286968 |
Filed Date | 2016-07-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160197323 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
DeKeuster; Richard M. |
July 7, 2016 |
BATTERY MODULE VENT AND HANDLE CONFIGURATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
Abstract
The present disclosure includes a battery module having
electrochemical cells, a housing having an open side configured to
receive the electrochemical cells, a handle configured to enable
lifting of the battery module, and a cover disposed over the open
side of the housing. The cover includes a protruded portion
defining a cavity under the cover, where the cavity is configured
to receive gases vented from the electrochemical cells, where the
cover comprises an indentation into the protruded portion of the
cover toward the housing, and where the indentation is configured
to define at least a portion of the cavity on a first side of the
indentation and to receive the handle on a second side of the
indentation opposite to the first side.
Inventors: |
DeKeuster; Richard M.;
(Racine, WI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Johnson Controls Technology Company |
Holland |
WI |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
56286968 |
Appl. No.: |
14/634347 |
Filed: |
February 27, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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62100001 |
Jan 5, 2015 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
429/82 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01M 2/1205 20130101;
H01M 2/1016 20130101; H01M 2/1077 20130101; H01M 2/12 20130101;
H01M 2/32 20130101; H01M 2/10 20130101; H01M 10/60 20150401; G01R
31/396 20190101; H01M 2/1252 20130101; H01M 2/02 20130101; H01M
2/30 20130101; H01M 10/02 20130101; H01M 2/20 20130101; H01M 2/1241
20130101; H01M 10/058 20130101; H01M 10/65 20150401; H01M 10/0525
20130101; H01M 10/653 20150401; H01M 2220/10 20130101; H01M 2/34
20130101; H01M 2/1294 20130101; H01M 2/22 20130101; H01M 10/4207
20130101; H01M 2/1211 20130101; H01M 2/1217 20130101; Y02E 60/10
20130101; H01M 10/6551 20150401; H01M 2/305 20130101; H01M 10/625
20150401; H01M 2010/4271 20130101; H01M 2/1072 20130101; H01M 2/04
20130101; H01M 2/24 20130101; H01M 10/482 20130101; H01M 10/052
20130101; H01M 2/206 20130101; H01M 10/647 20150401; H01M 2/18
20130101; G01R 31/3835 20190101; H01M 2/1083 20130101; H01M 10/4257
20130101; H01M 2220/20 20130101; H01M 10/0413 20130101; H01M 2/1005
20130101; H01M 10/613 20150401; H01M 10/6557 20150401 |
International
Class: |
H01M 2/12 20060101
H01M002/12; H01M 2/10 20060101 H01M002/10 |
Claims
1. A battery module, comprising: a plurality of electrochemical
cells; a housing having an open side configured to receive the
plurality of electrochemical cells; a handle configured to enable
lifting of the battery module; and a cover disposed over the open
side of the housing, wherein the cover comprises a protruded
portion defining a cavity under the cover, wherein the cavity is
configured to receive gases vented from the plurality of
electrochemical cells, wherein the cover comprises an indentation
into the protruded portion of the cover toward the housing, and
wherein the indentation is configured to define at least a portion
of the cavity on a first side of the indentation and to receive the
handle on a second side of the indentation opposite to the first
side.
2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein the handle is rotatably
coupled to the cover such that the handle is rotatable between a
closed position within the indentation and an open position
substantially outside of the indentation.
3. The battery module of claim 2, wherein the cover comprises one
or more knobs extending within the indentation and from the
protruded portion of the cover, and the handle is rotatably coupled
to the one or more knobs.
4. The battery module of claim 3, wherein the handle comprises one
or more openings configured to engage the one or more knobs to
rotatably couple the handle to the cover.
5. The battery module of claim 1, wherein the plurality of
electrochemical cells are disposed in the housing such that a
plurality of cell vents of the plurality of electrochemical cells
is positioned proximate to the cover.
6. The battery module of claim 1, wherein the plurality of
electrochemical cells comprises a plurality of terminal ends having
a plurality of terminals, and the plurality of terminal ends
comprise the plurality of cell vents.
7. The battery module of claim 1, comprising a vent fluidly coupled
to the vent path and configured to enable venting of gases inside
the housing of the battery module to an environment external to the
housing.
8. The battery module of claim 7, wherein the vent is coupled to
the cover or integral with the cover at the protruded portion.
9. The battery module of claim 1, wherein the protruded portion
comprises a central protrusion that protrudes between a first arm
and a second arm of the handle.
10. The battery module of claim 9, wherein the central protrusion
comprises knobs configured to engage the handle to rotatably couple
the handle to the cover.
11. The battery module of claim 10, wherein the first arm comprises
a first thick portion coupled to one of the knobs and a first thin
portion extending from the first thick portion, and the second arm
comprises a second thick portion coupled to one of the knobs and a
second thin portion extending from the second thick portion, and
the handle comprises a gripping bar extending between the first and
second thin portions of the first and second arms,
respectively.
12. The battery module of claim 1, wherein the cover comprises
extensions configured to engage openings or extensions of the
housing to couple the cover to the housing.
13. The battery module of claim 12, comprising laser welds coupling
the extensions of the cover with the openings or extensions of the
housing.
14. The battery module of claim 1, comprising major terminals
disposed in or on the housing and in electrical communication with
the plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein the protruded
portion of the cover comprises L-shaped portions that form a border
around each of the major terminals.
15. The battery module of claim 1, wherein the cover comprises
reinforcing extensions extending within the cavity.
16. A battery module, comprising: a housing having an open side; a
plurality of electrochemical cells received by the housing through
the open side; a cover disposed over the open side of the housing
to seal the open side; a handle rotatably coupled to the cover,
wherein the cover comprises a protruded portion that defines a vent
path under the protruded portion and an indentation configured to
receive the handle; and a vent in fluid communication with the vent
path.
17. The battery module of claim 16, wherein the indentation
includes aspects that are disposed in the protruded portion.
18. The battery module of claim 16, wherein the vent is coupled to,
or integral with, the cover.
19. The battery module of claim 16, wherein the cover comprises
reinforcing extensions extending within the vent path under the
protruded portion of the cover.
20. The battery module of claim 16, comprising major terminals,
wherein the handle is configured to rotate away from the major
terminals from a closed position within the indentation to an open
position substantially outside of the indentation.
21. The battery module of claim 16, wherein the cover comprises
cylindrical knobs extending from the protruded portion and within
the indentation, and the handle is coupled to the cylindrical
knobs.
22. A battery module, comprising: a housing; a plurality of
prismatic lithium-ion (Li-ion) electrochemical cells disposed on an
inside of the housing; a cover disposed over an opening of the
housing to seal the housing, wherein the cover comprises at least
two chambers in fluid communication with the inside of the housing
and defined by corresponding protruded portions of the cover; and a
handle rotatably coupled to the cover between a first and second
chamber of the at least two chambers.
23. The battery module of claim 22, wherein the plurality of
prismatic Li-ion electrochemical cells comprises a plurality of
corresponding cell vents, and the plurality of prismatic Li-ion
electrochemical cells are oriented in the inside of the housing
such that the plurality of corresponding cell vents are positioned
proximate to the cover.
24. The battery module of claim 22, comprising a vent disposed on
one of the corresponding protruded portions of the cover and in
fluid communication with the at least two chambers of the
cover.
25. The battery module of claim 22, wherein the at least two
chambers comprise a third chamber and the third chamber is disposed
between a first arm and a second arm of the handle.
26. The battery module of claim 22, wherein the at least two
chambers are sized to dampen a vent response to pressure excursions
on the inside of the housing.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority from and the benefit of
U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/100,001, filed Jan. 5,
2015, entitled "MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL ASPECTS OF LITHIUM ION
BATTERY MODULE WITH VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL CONFIGURATIONS," which
is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all
purposes.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of
batteries and battery modules. More specifically, the present
disclosure relates to a vent and handle configuration of a battery
module.
[0003] This section is intended to introduce the reader to various
aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the
present disclosure, which are described below. This discussion is
believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background
information to facilitate a better understanding of the various
aspects of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it should be
understood that these statements are to be read in this light, and
not as admissions of prior art.
[0004] A vehicle that uses one or more battery systems for
providing all or a portion of the motive power for the vehicle can
be referred to as an xEV, where the term "xEV" is defined herein to
include all of the following vehicles, or any variations or
combinations thereof, that use electric power for all or a portion
of their vehicular motive force. For example, xEVs include electric
vehicles (EVs) that utilize electric power for all motive force. As
will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, hybrid electric
vehicles (HEVs), also considered xEVs, combine an internal
combustion engine propulsion system and a battery-powered electric
propulsion system, such as 48 Volt (V) or 130V systems. The term
HEV may include any variation of a hybrid electric vehicle. For
example, full hybrid systems (FHEVs) may provide motive and other
electrical power to the vehicle using one or more electric motors,
using only an internal combustion engine, or using both. In
contrast, mild hybrid systems (MHEVs) disable the internal
combustion engine when the vehicle is idling and utilize a battery
system to continue powering the air conditioning unit, radio, or
other electronics, as well as to restart the engine when propulsion
is desired. The mild hybrid system may also apply some level of
power assist, during acceleration for example, to supplement the
internal combustion engine. Mild hybrids are typically 96V to 130V
and recover braking energy through a belt or crank integrated
starter generator. Further, a micro-hybrid electric vehicle (mHEV)
also uses a "Stop-Start" system similar to the mild hybrids, but
the micro-hybrid systems of a mHEV may or may not supply power
assist to the internal combustion engine and operates at a voltage
below 60V. For the purposes of the present discussion, it should be
noted that mHEVs typically do not technically use electric power
provided directly to the crankshaft or transmission for any portion
of the motive force of the vehicle, but an mHEV may still be
considered as an xEV since it does use electric power to supplement
a vehicle's power needs when the vehicle is idling with internal
combustion engine disabled and recovers braking energy through an
integrated starter generator. In addition, a plug-in electric
vehicle (PEV) is any vehicle that can be charged from an external
source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the energy stored
in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive
the wheels. PEVs are a subcategory of EVs that include all-electric
or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric
vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid
electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine
vehicles.
[0005] xEVs as described above may provide a number of advantages
as compared to more traditional gas-powered vehicles using only
internal combustion engines and traditional electrical systems,
which are typically 12V systems powered by a lead acid battery. For
example, xEVs may produce fewer undesirable emission products and
may exhibit greater fuel efficiency as compared to traditional
internal combustion vehicles and, in some cases, such xEVs may
eliminate the use of gasoline entirely, as is the case of certain
types of EVs or PEVs.
[0006] As technology continues to evolve, there is a need to
provide improved power sources, particularly battery modules, for
such vehicles. For example, in traditional configurations, battery
modules may include components that enable venting, other
components that enable sealing the battery module, and still other
components that enable lifting of the battery module. Thus,
traditional battery modules may include a large number of
components, thereby increasing a material cost of the traditional
battery module, in addition to complicating manufacturing of the
traditional battery module.
SUMMARY
[0007] A summary of certain embodiments disclosed herein is set
forth below. It should be understood that these aspects are
presented merely to provide the reader with a brief summary of
certain embodiments and that these aspects are not intended to
limit the scope of this disclosure. Indeed, this disclosure may
encompass a variety of aspects that may not be set forth below.
[0008] The present disclosure relates to a battery module having
electrochemical cells, a housing having an open side configured to
receive the electrochemical cells, a handle configured to enable
lifting of the battery module, and a cover disposed over the open
side of the housing. The cover includes a protruded portion
defining a cavity under the cover, where the cavity is configured
to receive gases vented from the electrochemical cells, where the
cover comprises an indentation into the protruded portion of the
cover toward the housing, and where the indentation is configured
to define at least a portion of the cavity on a first side of the
indentation and to receive the handle on a second side of the
indentation opposite to the first side.
[0009] The present disclosure also relates a battery module having
a housing with an open side, electrochemical cells received by the
housing through the open side, a cover disposed over the open side
of the housing to seal the open side, and a handle rotatably
coupled to the cover. The cover includes a protruded portion that
defines a vent path under the protruded portion and indentations
configured to receive the handle. The battery module also includes
a vent in fluid communication with the vent path.
[0010] The present disclosure also relates to a battery module
having a housing, prismatic lithium-ion (Li-ion) electrochemical
cells disposed on an inside of the housing, and a cover disposed
over an opening of the housing to seal the housing. The cover
includes at least two chambers in fluid communication with the
inside of the housing and defined by corresponding protruded
portions of the cover. The battery module also includes a handle
rotatably coupled to the cover between a first and second chamber
of the at least two chambers.
DRAWINGS
[0011] Various aspects of this disclosure may be better understood
upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference
to the drawings in which:
[0012] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle having a battery
system configured in accordance with present embodiments to provide
power for various components of the vehicle;
[0013] FIG. 2 is a cutaway schematic view of an embodiment of the
vehicle and the battery system of FIG. 1;
[0014] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a
battery module for use in the vehicle of FIG. 2, in accordance with
an aspect of the present disclosure;
[0015] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the battery
module of FIG. 3, in accordance with an aspect of the present
disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the battery
module of FIG. 3, in accordance with an aspect of the present
disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment of the battery module
of FIG. 3, in accordance with an aspect of the present
disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the battery
module of FIG. 3, in accordance with an aspect of the present
disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 8 is a partially exploded bottom perspective view of an
embodiment of the battery module of FIG. 3, in accordance with an
aspect of the present disclosure; and
[0020] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a battery
module for use in the vehicle of FIG. 2, in accordance with an
aspect of the preset disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] One or more specific embodiments will be described below. In
an effort to provide a concise description of these embodiments,
not all features of an actual implementation are described in the
specification. It should be appreciated that in the development of
any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design
project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to
achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with
system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary
from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be
appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and
time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of
design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill
having the benefit of this disclosure.
[0022] The battery systems described herein may be used to provide
power to various types of electric vehicles (xEVs) and other high
voltage energy storage/expending applications (e.g., electrical
grid power storage systems). Such battery systems may include one
or more battery modules, each battery module having a number of
battery cells (e.g., lithium-ion (Li-ion) electrochemical cells)
arranged and electrically interconnected to provide particular
voltages and/or currents useful to power, for example, one or more
components of an xEV. As another example, battery modules in
accordance with present embodiments may be incorporated with or
provide power to stationary power systems (e.g., non-automotive
systems).
[0023] In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure,
the battery module may include a housing configured to retain or
house electrochemical cells. For example, the housing may include
an opening or an open side that receives the electrochemical cells.
One or more covers or lids may be disposed over the open side of
the housing to seal the housing. The one or more covers may also
include features (e.g., bus bars) configured to engage with the
electrochemical cells. Further, an outermost cover of the one or
more covers may be configured to seal the housing and define a vent
path for receiving gases released by the electrochemical cells.
Further, the outermost cover may include a vent fluidly coupled to
the vent path to enable the gases to vent from the vent path (e.g.,
inside the housing) to an environment or feature (e.g., vent hose)
outside of the housing (e.g., inside or outside of the vehicle).
Along this vent path, cavities or chambers may be formed to receive
an initial volume of vent gas to facilitate control of a venting
process. These chambers or cavities may accumulate a volume of vent
gas before the gas is actually vented (e.g., before a vent coupled
to one of the chambers is opened due to pressure reaching a
threshold). These cavities or vent chambers may be at least
partially defined by the inner side of a protrusion (e.g., multiple
protruding portions) from the cover or lid of housing of the
battery module. Further still, a handle of the battery module may
be coupled to the outermost cover and accessible from the
environment outside of the housing. The handle may enable lifting
and/or transportation of the battery module. In some embodiments,
the handle may fit into an indentation into the outermost cover, or
an indentation into a protruded portion of the outermost cover,
where the indentation and/or the protruded portion of the cover
define(s) at least a portion of the vent path. By combining the
features of the vent path, the outermost cover, and the handle, the
battery module is more robust and more efficiently
manufactured.
[0024] To help illustrate, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an
embodiment of a vehicle 10, which may utilize a regenerative
braking system. Although the following discussion is presented in
relation to vehicles with regenerative braking systems, the
techniques described herein are adaptable to other vehicles that
capture/store electrical energy with a battery, which may include
electric-powered and gas-powered vehicles.
[0025] As discussed above, it would be desirable for a battery
system 12 to be largely compatible with traditional vehicle
designs. Accordingly, the battery system 12 may be placed in a
location in the vehicle 10 that would have housed a traditional
battery system. For example, as illustrated, the vehicle 10 may
include the battery system 12 positioned similarly to a lead-acid
battery of a typical combustion-engine vehicle (e.g., under the
hood of the vehicle 10). Furthermore, as will be described in more
detail below, the battery system 12 may be positioned to facilitate
managing temperature of the battery system 12. For example, in some
embodiments, positioning a battery system 12 under the hood of the
vehicle 10 may enable an air duct to channel airflow over the
battery system 12 and cool the battery system 12.
[0026] A more detailed view of the battery system 12 is described
in FIG. 2. As depicted, the battery system 12 includes an energy
storage component 13 coupled to an ignition system 14, an
alternator 15, a vehicle console 16, and optionally to an electric
motor 17. Generally, the energy storage component 13 may
capture/store electrical energy generated in the vehicle 10 and
output electrical energy to power electrical devices in the vehicle
10.
[0027] In other words, the battery system 12 may supply power to
components of the vehicle's electrical system, which may include
radiator cooling fans, climate control systems, electric power
steering systems, active suspension systems, auto park systems,
electric oil pumps, electric super/turbochargers, electric water
pumps, heated windscreen/defrosters, window lift motors, vanity
lights, tire pressure monitoring systems, sunroof motor controls,
power seats, alarm systems, infotainment systems, navigation
features, lane departure warning systems, electric parking brakes,
external lights, or any combination thereof Illustratively, in the
depicted embodiment, the energy storage component 13 supplies power
to the vehicle console 16 and the ignition system 14, which may be
used to start (e.g., crank) the internal combustion engine 18.
[0028] Additionally, the energy storage component 13 may capture
electrical energy generated by the alternator 15 and/or the
electric motor 17. In some embodiments, the alternator 15 may
generate electrical energy while the internal combustion engine 18
is running More specifically, the alternator 15 may convert the
mechanical energy produced by the rotation of the internal
combustion engine 18 into electrical energy. Additionally or
alternatively, when the vehicle 10 includes an electric motor 17,
the electric motor 17 may generate electrical energy by converting
mechanical energy produced by the movement of the vehicle 10 (e.g.,
rotation of the wheels) into electrical energy. Thus, in some
embodiments, the energy storage component 13 may capture electrical
energy generated by the alternator 15 and/or the electric motor 17
during regenerative braking. As such, the alternator 15 and/or the
electric motor 17 are generally referred to herein as a
regenerative braking system.
[0029] To facilitate capturing and supplying electric energy, the
energy storage component 13 may be electrically coupled to the
vehicle's electric system via a bus 19. For example, the bus 19 may
enable the energy storage component 13 to receive electrical energy
generated by the alternator 15 and/or the electric motor 17.
Additionally, the bus 19 may enable the energy storage component 13
to output electrical energy to the ignition system 14 and/or the
vehicle console 16. Accordingly, when a 12 volt battery system 12
is used, the bus 19 may carry electrical power typically between
8-18 volts.
[0030] Additionally, as depicted, the energy storage component 13
may include multiple battery modules. For example, in the depicted
embodiment, the energy storage component 13 includes a lithium ion
(e.g., a first) battery module 20 and a lead-acid (e.g., a second)
battery module 22, which each includes one or more battery cells.
In other embodiments, the energy storage component 13 may include
any number of battery modules. Additionally, although the lithium
ion battery module 20 and lead-acid battery module 22 are depicted
adjacent to one another, they may be positioned in different areas
around the vehicle. For example, the lead-acid battery module 22
may be positioned in or about the interior of the vehicle 10 while
the lithium ion battery module 20 may be positioned under the hood
of the vehicle 10.
[0031] In some embodiments, the energy storage component 13 may
include multiple battery modules to utilize multiple different
battery chemistries. For example, when the lithium ion battery
module 20 is used, performance of the battery system 12 may be
improved since the lithium ion battery chemistry generally has a
higher coulombic efficiency and/or a higher power charge acceptance
rate (e.g., higher maximum charge current or charge voltage) than
the lead-acid battery chemistry. As such, the capture, storage,
and/or distribution efficiency of the battery system 12 may be
improved.
[0032] To facilitate controlling the capturing and storing of
electrical energy, the battery system 12 may additionally include a
control module 24. More specifically, the control module 24 may
control operations of components in the battery system 12, such as
relays (e.g., switches) within energy storage component 13, the
alternator 15, and/or the electric motor 17. For example, the
control module 24 may regulate amount of electrical energy
captured/supplied by each battery module 20 or 22 (e.g., to de-rate
and re-rate the battery system 12), perform load balancing between
the battery modules 20 and 22, determine a state of charge of each
battery module 20 or 22, determine temperature of each battery
module 20 or 22, control voltage output by the alternator 15 and/or
the electric motor 17, and the like.
[0033] Accordingly, the control unit 24 may include one or more
processor 26 and one or more memory 28. More specifically, the one
or more processor 26 may include one or more application specific
integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more field programmable gate
arrays (FPGAs), one or more general purpose processors, or any
combination thereof. Additionally, the one or more memory 28 may
include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM), and/or
non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), optical
drives, hard disc drives, or solid-state drives. In some
embodiments, the control unit 24 may include portions of a vehicle
control unit (VCU) and/or a separate battery control module.
[0034] An exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the battery
module 20 for use in the vehicle 10 of FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 3.
In the illustrated embodiment, the battery module 20 includes a
housing 30 (e.g, plastic housing) and electrochemical cells 32
stored within the housing 30. For example, the illustrated battery
module 20 is configured to house six electrochemical cells 32 in
the housing 30, although any number (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, or more) of electrochemical cells 32 may be stored in the
housing 30. Generally, the electrochemical cells 32 may be received
through an open side 34 of the housing 30, where one or more covers
are configured to be disposed over the open side 34. For example,
in the illustrated embodiment, a bus bar carrier 36 configured to
retain bus bars 38 that engage terminals 40 of the electrochemical
cells 32 is disposed over the open side 34 of the housing 30. Thus,
terminal ends 41 of the electrochemical cells 32 are positioned
proximate to the bus bar carrier 36 such that the bus bars 38 may
engage the terminals 40 extending from the terminal ends 41.
Further, a cover 42 is configured to be disposed over the open side
34 (and, in the illustrated embodiment, over the bus bar carrier 36
and the terminal ends 41 of the electrochemical cells 32) to seal
the open side 34. The cover 42 may include snap-in features that
engage the housing 30, and/or the cover 42 may be welded or
otherwise coupled to the housing 30 to seal the open side 34.
[0035] The cover 42 may also be shaped or otherwise configured to
define at least a portion of a vent path of the battery module 20.
For example, the cover 42 may include a flat plate 44 (e.g., flat
portion) that engages the housing 30, and a protruded portion 46
that extends upwardly or outwardly (e.g., in direction 48) from the
flat plate 44, where the protruded portion 46 is substantially
hollow to define a cavity of the vent path under the cover 42.
Further, an indentation 50 into the cover 42 (e.g., into the
protruded portion 46 of the cover 42 opposite to direction 48) may
define at least a portion of the vent path by reducing a volume
inside the housing 30 and/or underneath the cover 42. Thus, gases
vented from the individual electrochemical cells 32 within the
housing 30 rise upwardly in direction 48 into the cavity of the
vent path defined by the protruded portion 46 and also defined by
the indentation 50 into the protruded portion 46. For example, in
the illustrated embodiment, individual vents 49 of the
electrochemical cells 32 (e.g., disposed on the terminal ends 41 of
the electrochemical cells 32) enable venting of gases from the
electrochemical cells 32. The gases may be vented from inside the
housing 30 to an environment 51 external to the housing 30 through
a vent 52 that is coupled to, or integral with, the cover 42 (e.g.,
coupled to, or integral with, the protruded portion 46 of the cover
42). For example, the vent 52 may enable the gases to pass through
the vent 52 if a pressure against the vent 52 exceeds a design
threshold of the vent 52. These and other features of the vent path
will be described in detail below with reference to later
figures.
[0036] In addition to defining at least a portion of the vent path,
the indentation 50 into the protruded portion 46 of the cover 42
may also be configured to receive a handle 54 of the battery module
20. In other words, the protruded portion 46 and indentation 50
define at least a portion of the vent path on a first inner side of
the protruded portion 46 and indentation 50 (e.g., the side facing
the electrochemical cells 32), and the indentation 50 also receives
the handle 42 on a second outer side of the indentation 50, between
features of the protruded portion 46. Indeed, by utilizing features
of the cover 42 to receive the handle 54 and to define at least a
portion of the vent path of the battery module 20 as described
above, a material cost of the battery module 20 may be reduced and
manufacturing of the battery module 20 may be simplified relative
to other techniques that might be used.
[0037] The handle 52 may include a first arm 56, a second arm 58,
and a gripping bar 60 extending between the first arm 56 and the
second arm 58. Each of the first and second arms 56, 58 may include
a corresponding engagement feature configured to couple with
engagement features of the cover 42 to couple the handle 54 to the
cover 42. For example, the first and second arms 56, 58 may include
opposing openings 62 (e.g., opposing cylindrical openings) that
face inwardly toward each other. The openings 62 may be configured
to rotatably couple to knobs 64 (e.g., cylindrical knobs) that
extend outwardly from a central protrusion 65 of the protruded
portion 46 of the cover 42. Thus, the handle 54 may rotate about
the knobs 64 (e.g., about axis 70) to enable positioning of the
handle 54 in an open position. In the open position, the handle 54
may be gripped along the gripping bar 60 to lift the battery module
20. In a closed position, the handle 54 may be stowed within the
indentations 50 into the protruded portion 46 of the cover 42. For
example, perspective views of embodiments of the battery module 20
with the handle 54 in the closed position and in the open position
are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively. As shown in the
illustrated embodiments, the handle 54 may rotate about axis 70
between the closed position in FIG. 4 and the open position in FIG.
5. Further, it should be noted that, in the illustrated embodiment,
the handle 54 is configured to rotate from the closed position
toward the open position away from terminals 72 (e.g., major
terminals) of the battery module 20 (e.g., toward surface 74 of the
battery module 20). However, in other embodiments, the handle 54
may be oriented differently on the cover 42, and the handle 54 may
rotate from the closed position to the open position toward the
terminals 72 (e.g., major terminals) of the battery module 20
(e.g., away from the surface 74). Further still, it should be noted
that, in the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 4, a top surface 77 of
the handle 54 is substantially flush with a top surface 79 of the
protruded portion 46 while the handle 54 is in the closed
position
[0038] Turning now to FIG. 6, a top view of an embodiment of the
battery module 20 of FIG. 3 is shown. In the illustrated
embodiment, the handle 54 includes the first arm 56, the second arm
58, and the gripping bar 60. The first arm 56 and the second arm 58
include thin portions 80 proximate to the gripping bar 60 and thick
portions 82 proximate to the knobs 64, where the thin portions 80
extend from the thick portions 82 to the gripping bar 60. The thin
portions 80 may reduce a material cost of the handle 54, and the
thick portions 82 may increase a structural rigidity of the handle
54. For example, the thick portions 82 of the handle 54 may include
the openings 62 configured to receive the knobs 64 extending from
the central protrusion 65 of the protruded portion 46 of the cover
42 to rotatably couple the handle 54 to the cover 42. Thus, when
the handle 54 is in the open position and lifted via the gripping
bar 60, the knobs 64 within the openings 62 of the thick portions
82 may exert a force against the thick portions 82 of the handle
54. Because the thick portions 82 are wide (e.g., relative to the
thin portions 80), the thick portions 82 may handle a larger load
than if the thick portions 82 were not wide (e.g., relative to the
thin portions 80). Accordingly, the thick portions 82 increase a
structural rigidity of the handle 54.
[0039] It should also be noted that a shape or size of the central
protrusion 65 may be defined at least in part by a width 84 (e.g.,
in direction 70) of aspects of the indentation 50. Further, the
indentation 50 may include an increased width 84 proximate to the
thick portions 82 of the handle 54 to receive the thick portions
82. In other words, the thick portions 82 of the handle 54 may
cause increased width 84 of the indentation 50 or aspects of the
indentation 50 in which the thick portions 82 are stowed, thereby
reducing a volume of the central protrusion 65 of the cover 42 and,
thus, the cavity defined by the central protrusion 65 inside the
battery module 20. Volume of the central protrusion 65 and, thus,
the cavity defined by the central protrusion 65, may be further
reduced by including a central indentation 88 in the central
protrusion 65. Reducing the volume of the central protrusion 65
(and, thus, the cavity defined by the central protrusion 65 inside
the battery module 20) may reduce a volume of the vent path having
the cavity, thereby encouraging venting through the vent 52 with a
smaller total amount of gases vented from the electrochemical cells
32. Indeed, increasing or decreasing the volume of the cavities or
chambers defined by the protrusion 46 will provide more or less
volume for dampening the impact on a vent (e.g., rupture disk) from
expansion of internal gases or certain amounts of gas release. This
aspect of the battery module 20 can be tuned based on predicted
usage. As a specific example, it may be desirable to include extra
volume in the cavities to accommodate certain expansions of gas due
to environmental battery conditions without causing a vent to be
opened. In other words, the cavities defined by the protruded
portion 46 of the battery module 20 may be sized to dampen a vent
response to pressure excursions inside of the housing 30. The
cavity (or cavities) and corresponding vent path will be described
in detail below with reference to later figures. It should be noted
that the protruded portion 46 and the indentation 50 may include
multiple aspects or component protrusions and indentations.
[0040] To help illustrate the vent path and corresponding cavities,
a perspective view of an embodiment of the battery module 20 of
FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 7 with a transparent cover 42. As shown,
the protruded portion 46 of the cover 42 defines cavities 90 (e.g.,
chambers) underneath the cover 42 and in fluid communication with
the inside of the housing 30. The cavities 90 may define at least a
portion of the vent path configured to receive, for example, gases
vented from the electrochemical cells 32 inside the housing 30. The
cavities 90 may be configured to retain a certain amount of gases
until a pressure inside the housing 30 (and, thus, inside the
cavities 90) exceeds a pressure threshold of the vent 52. The vent
52 may then enable the gases to pass therethrough and into the
environment 51.
[0041] To further illustrate the cavities 90, an exploded, bottom
perspective view of the battery module 20 of FIG. 3 is shown in
FIG. 8. In the illustrated embodiment, the cover 42 includes
cavities 90 disposed under the cover 42 and at least partially
defined by the protruded portion 46 of the cover 42 extending from
the flat plate 44 (e.g., in direction 48) of the cover 42 and by
the indentation 50 into (e.g., opposite direction 48) the protruded
portion 46. The two outer components of the protruded portion 46
are generally L-shaped to accommodate the terminals and facilitate
connection thereto and the central aspect of the protrusion 46 is
spatulate to accommodate the handle around its perimeter.
[0042] As previously described, increasing structural rigidity of
the cover 42 and/or of the handle 54 may be beneficial,
particularly when the battery module 20 is lifted by the handle 54,
thereby causing a weight of the battery module 20 to be applied to
the cover 42 and/or to the handle 54. Thus, the cover 42 may
include features configured to increase a structural rigidity of
the cover 42 and/or components coupled to the cover 42 (e.g., the
handle 54). For example, reinforcing extensions 100 or bars may be
disposed in one or more of the cavities 90 to provide structural
rigidity to the cover 42. In the illustrated embodiment,
reinforcing extensions 100 are disposed in the cavity 90 defined by
the central protrusion 65 (shown in FIGS. 3-7) of the cover 42.
However, it should be noted that, in other embodiments, reinforcing
extensions 100 may be in any or all of the cavities 90. Further,
while the illustrated reinforcing extensions 100 extend generally
in direction 102, the reinforcing extensions 100 may extend in
direction 70, in direction 48, or in any other direction within one
or more cavity 90 of the cover 42.
[0043] Also shown in the illustrated embodiment are snap-in
features 104 on the cover 42 of the battery module 20. The snap-in
features 104 of the cover 42 may be disposed on a bottom surface
106 of the flat plate 44 (e.g., flat portion) of the cover 42. The
snap-in features 104 may be configured to engage with the housing
30 of the battery module 20 to couple the cover 42 to the housing
30. However, in another embodiment, the cover 42 may be coupled to
the housing 30 in some other manner, for example, via welding,
adhesive, fasteners, or some other coupling mechanism. Further, in
some embodiments, the snap-in features 104 may be configured to
temporarily couple the cover 42 to the housing 30 before sealing or
coupling the cover 42 to the housing 30 via some other coupling
mechanism or technique, such as a weld.
[0044] It should be noted, as previously described, that the cover
42, the handle 54, or both, may be otherwise oriented to enable
lifting of the battery module 20. For example, an embodiment of the
battery module 20 for use in the vehicle 10 of FIG. 2 is shown in
FIG. 9. In the illustrated embodiment, the handle 54 rotates from
the closed position to the open position about axis 70 and toward
the terminals 72, instead of away from the terminals 72 and toward
the surface 74 (e.g., back surface) of the housing 30. The cover 42
and corresponding handle 54 may be oriented in any direction to
enable lifting of the battery module 20.
[0045] One or more of the disclosed embodiments, alone or in
combination, may provide one or more technical effects useful in
the manufacture of battery modules, and portions of battery
modules. In general, embodiments of the present disclosure include
a battery module having a cover disposed over an open side of a
housing of the battery module, where the cover includes a protruded
portion that protrudes away from the open side of the housing and
indentations that are indented into the protruded portion. The
protruded portion and the indentations are configured to define at
least a portion of cavity or vent path of the battery module, where
the cavity or vent path is configured to receive gases released by
electrochemical cells in the housing. The indentations are also
configured to receive a handle that is rotatably coupled to the
cover. By incorporating the vent path and handle features of the
battery module with a single component (e.g., the cover) or a small
group of components, a material cost of the battery module is
reduced and manufacturing of the battery module is simplified. The
technical effects and technical problems in the specification are
exemplary and are not limiting. It should be noted that the
embodiments described in the specification may have other technical
effects and can solve other technical problems.
[0046] While only certain features and embodiments have been
illustrated and described, many modifications and changes may occur
to those skilled in the art (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions,
structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values
of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting
arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without
materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the
disclosed subject matter. The order or sequence of any process or
method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative
embodiments. Furthermore, in an effort to provide a concise
description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual
implementation may not have been described. It should be
appreciated that in the development of any such actual
implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous
implementation specific decisions may be made. Such a development
effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless
be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture
for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure,
without undue experimentation.
* * * * *