U.S. patent application number 15/067427 was filed with the patent office on 2016-07-07 for tilting ball variator continuously variable transmission torque vectoring device.
The applicant listed for this patent is Dana Limited. Invention is credited to Matthias W.J. BYLTIAUW, Thibaut E. DUCHENE, Mark R.J. VERSTEYHE.
Application Number | 20160195173 15/067427 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 47664423 |
Filed Date | 2016-07-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160195173 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
VERSTEYHE; Mark R.J. ; et
al. |
July 7, 2016 |
TILTING BALL VARIATOR CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION TORQUE
VECTORING DEVICE
Abstract
A torque vectoring device is provided. The torque vectoring
device includes a drive member engaged with a power source, a
plurality of spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and
rotatable with respect to the drive member, a first output
frictionally engaged with the spherical adjusters, and a second
output frictionally engaged with the spherical adjusters. A torque
distribution between the first output and the second output may be
adjusted by tilting the plurality of spherical adjusters. The
spherical adjusters also facilitate a differential action between
the first output and the second output.
Inventors: |
VERSTEYHE; Mark R.J.;
(Oostkamp, BE) ; DUCHENE; Thibaut E.;
(Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, BE) ; BYLTIAUW; Matthias W.J.;
(Hooglede, BE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Dana Limited |
Maumee |
OH |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
47664423 |
Appl. No.: |
15/067427 |
Filed: |
March 11, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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13743951 |
Jan 17, 2013 |
9347532 |
|
|
15067427 |
|
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|
61598973 |
Feb 15, 2012 |
|
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61588272 |
Jan 19, 2012 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
475/184 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16H 48/06 20130101;
F16H 15/40 20130101; B60K 23/04 20130101; F16H 15/52 20130101; F16H
48/12 20130101; B60K 17/20 20130101; F16H 15/28 20130101; B60K
2023/043 20130101; F16H 2048/362 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F16H 15/52 20060101
F16H015/52; F16H 48/06 20060101 F16H048/06 |
Claims
1. A torque vectoring device comprising: a drive shaft; a drive
member operably coupled to the drive shaft; an inner surface of the
drive member configured to facilitate driving engagement between
the drive member and each of a plurality of variator ball
assemblies; an inner cage operably coupled to the inner surface of
the drive member; the plurality of variator ball assemblies each
comprising a variator ball and a variator ball axle disposed
through the variator ball and coupled to the variator ball, said
axle tiltably coupled to the inner cage and the inner surface of
the drive member; a first idling ring rotatably disposed with each
variator ball assembly and operable coupled to each variator ball
assembly; a second idling ring rotatably disposed with each
variator ball assembly and operable coupled to each variator ball
assembly; a first inner output ring frictionally engaged with a
first portion of a surface of each variator ball to transmit torque
from the inner surface of the drive member to the first inner
output ring; and a second outer output ring frictionally engaged
with a second portion of the surface of each variator ball to
transmit torque from the inner surface of the drive member to the
second outer output ring; wherein the first idling ring, the second
idling ring, the first inner output ring and the second outer
output ring are rotatably disposed within a housing, wherein each
variator ball axle of the variator ball assemblies is tiltably
disposed between and drivingly engaged with the inner cage and the
inner surface of the drive member, and wherein a torque
distribution between the first inner output ring and the second
outer output ring may be adjusted by tilting the plurality of
variator ball assemblies and the variator ball assemblies
facilitate a differential action between the first inner output
ring and the second outer output ring, an actuator assembly coupled
to the inner cage and disposed within the second outer output ring;
wherein the actuator assembly adjusts a position of the plurality
of variator ball assemblies between the inner cage and the inner
surface of the drive member.
2. The torque vectoring device according to claim 1, wherein the
first idling ring is rotatably disposed adjacent to the inner cage
and the second idling ring is rotatably disposed adjacent to the
inner cage.
3. The torque vectoring device according to claim 1, wherein the
first idling ring is rotatably disposed adjacent to the inner
surface of the drive member and the second idling ring is rotatably
disposed adjacent to the inner surface of the drive member.
4. The torque vectoring device according to claim 1, wherein one of
the first inner output ring and the second outer output ring is at
least partially disposed within the remaining one of the first
inner output ring and the second outer output ring.
5. The torque vectoring device according to claim 4, wherein the
drive member is axially spaced away from the first inner output
ring and the second outer output ring.
6. The torque vectoring device according to claim 4, wherein the
first inner output ring further comprises: a first engagement end;
a first hub portion; and a first output shaft.
7. The torque vectoring device according to claim 6, wherein the
first inner output ring is unitarily formed from a metal.
8. The torque vectoring device according to claim 6, wherein the
first inner output ring comprises a plurality of components coupled
together.
9. The torque vectoring device according to claim 4, wherein the
second outer output ring further comprises: a second engagement
end; a second middle portion; and a second output sleeve.
10. The torque vectoring device according to claim 9, wherein the
second outer output ring is unitarily formed from a metal.
11. The torque vectoring device according to claim 9, wherein the
second outer output ring comprises a plurality of components
coupled together.
12. The torque vectoring device according to claim 9, wherein the
second output sleeve further comprises drive splines.
Description
CLAIM OF PRIORITY
[0001] The present application is a continuation of U.S.
application Ser. No. 13/743,951, filed Jan. 17, 2013, which claims
priority to and incorporates by reference U.S. Provisional
Application No. 61/598,973 filed Feb. 15, 2012, entitled "TILTING
BALL VARIATOR CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION TORQUE VECTORING
DEVICE" and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/588,272 filed Jan.
19, 2012, entitled "TILTING BALL VARIATOR TORQUE VECTORING
DEVICE."
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Vehicles including a torque vectoring device have many
advantages over vehicles not including torque vectoring devices. In
addition to performing a differential function between wheels or
axles of a vehicle, the torque vectoring device may be configured
to vary torque between wheels or axles of a vehicle at the request
of a control system of the vehicle or by an operator of the
vehicle.
[0003] Conventionally, torque vectoring devices disposed between
wheels of a vehicle may include a pair of clutches which may be
individually engaged in response to a detected "slip" condition.
Engagement of one or both of the clutches directs torque from one
wheel to another or balances a torques distribution therebetween.
Such clutches typically include a plurality of clutch plates,
biasing members, and at least one actuator. The conventional torque
vectoring device including clutches tends to be expensive, bulky,
and difficult to service.
[0004] Torque vectoring devices disposed between axles of a
vehicle, such as between the front and rear axle of a passenger
vehicle, are configured to distribute torque between the axles
according to a design of the torque vectoring device. As described
hereinabove, the torque vectoring device disposed between axles of
a vehicle may also include a clutch to direct torque from one axle
in another in response to a driving condition. As non-limiting
examples, such a torque vectoring device may be configured with a
planetary style differential or a bevel gear style differential,
each of which distribute torque between the axles based on the
design of the differential incorporated into the torque vectoring
device. As a result, the torque vectoring device is limited to a
narrow range of possible torque distributions between the axles
during ordinary operation of the vehicle or a range of torque
distributions in response to detected driving conditions.
[0005] Torque vectoring devices disposed between wheels of a
vehicle may be configured to adjust a drive ratio between an input
of the torque vectoring device and the axles according to a design
of the torque vectoring device. Conventionally, the drive ratio may
be adjusted through selection of a drive pinion and a crown gear.
Such an arrangement provides a single, non-adjustable, underdrive
or overdrive adjustment to the gear ratio. As a result, the torque
vectoring device is typically limited to a single ratio adjustment
between the input of the torque vectoring device and the axles.
[0006] It would be advantageous to develop a torque vectoring
device that is inexpensive, compact, easy to service, able of
performing a differential function, may be configured for a for a
wide range of torque distributions, and able to adjust a drive
ratio.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] Presently provided by the invention, a torque vectoring
device that is inexpensive, compact, easy to service, able of
performing a differential function, may be configured for a for a
wide range of torque distributions, and able to adjust a drive
ratio, has surprisingly been discovered.
[0008] In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a
torque vectoring device. The torque vectoring device includes a
drive member drivingly engaged with a power source, a plurality of
spherical adjusters drivingly engaged with the drive member, each
of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and rotatable
with respect to the drive member, a first output frictionally
engaged with a surface of at least a portion of the spherical
adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the first
output, and a second output frictionally engaged with a surface of
at least a portion of the spherical adjusters to transmit torque
from the drive member to the second output. A torque distribution
between the first output and the second output may be adjusted by
tilting at least a portion of the plurality of spherical adjusters
and the spherical adjusters facilitate a differential action
between the first output and the second output.
[0009] In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to
a torque vectoring device. The torque vectoring device includes a
drive member drivingly engaged with a power source, an array of
rollers drivingly engaged with the drive member, a first array of
spherical adjusters drivingly engaged with the array of rollers,
each of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and
rotatable with respect to the drive member, a second array of
spherical adjusters drivingly engaged with the array of rollers,
each of the spherical adjusters configured to be tiltable and
rotatable with respect to the drive member, a first output
frictionally engaged with a surface of the first array of spherical
adjusters to transmit torque from the drive member to the first
output, and a second output frictionally engaged with a surface of
the second array of spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the
drive member to the second output. A torque distribution between
the first output and the second output may be adjusted by tilting
at least a portion of the plurality of spherical adjusters and the
spherical adjusters facilitate a differential action between the
first output and the second output.
[0010] In a third embodiment, the present invention is directed to
a torque vectoring device. The torque vectoring device includes a
drive member drivingly engaged with a power source, a plurality of
drive pinions drivingly engaged with the drive member, a first
input member drivingly engaged with the plurality of drive pinions,
a second input member drivingly engaged with the plurality of drive
pinions, a first array of spherical adjusters frictionally engaged
with the first input member, each of the spherical adjusters
configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive
member, a second array of spherical adjusters frictionally engaged
with the second input member, each of the spherical adjusters
configured to be tiltable and rotatable with respect to the drive
member, a first output frictionally engaged with a surface of the
first array of spherical adjusters to transmit torque from the
drive member to the first output, and a second output frictionally
engaged with a surface of the second array of spherical adjusters
to transmit torque from the drive member to the second output. A
torque distribution between the first output and the second output
may be adjusted by tilting at least a portion of the plurality of
spherical adjusters and the spherical adjusters facilitate a
differential action between the first output and the second
output.
[0011] Various aspects of this invention will become apparent to
those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of
the preferred embodiment, when read in light of the accompanying
drawings.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
[0012] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned
in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the
same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent
application was specifically and individually indicated to be
incorporated by reference.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned
in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the
same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent
application was specifically and individually indicated to be
incorporated by reference.
[0014] The above, as well as other advantages of the present
invention, will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art
from the following detailed description when considered in the
light of the accompanying drawings in which:
[0015] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring
device according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0016] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring
device according to another embodiment of the invention;
[0017] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring
device according to another embodiment of the invention;
[0018] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring
device according to another embodiment of the invention;
[0019] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring
device according to another embodiment of the invention;
[0020] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring
device according to another embodiment of the invention; and
[0021] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a torque vectoring
device according to another embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0022] It is to be understood that the invention may assume various
alternative orientations and step sequences, except where expressly
specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the
specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached
drawings, and described in the following specification are simply
exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined herein.
Hence, specific dimensions, directions or other physical
characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed are not to be
considered as limiting, unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates a torque vectoring device 100. The torque
vectoring device 100 comprises an outer cage 102, an inner cage
104, a first idling ring 106, a second idling ring 108, a first
output ring 110, a second output ring 112, and a plurality of
variator ball assemblies 114. The first idling ring 106, the second
idling ring 108, the first output ring 110, and the second output
ring 112 are rotatably disposed within the outer cage 102. A volume
of the outer cage 102 between the first output ring 110 and the
second output ring 112 may be filled with one of a traction fluid
and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball
assemblies 114 is tiltably disposed between and drivingly engaged
with the inner cage 104 and the outer cage 102. An actuator
assembly 116 disposed within the outer cage 102 adjusts a position
of the plurality of variator ball assemblies 114 between the inner
cage 104 and the outer cage 102. The torque vectoring device 100 is
typically rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown).
[0024] The outer cage 102 is a hollow member formed from a metal.
The outer cage 102 comprises a plurality of components coupled
together. The first idling ring 106, the second idling ring 108,
the first output ring 110, and the second output ring 112 are
rotatably disposed within the outer cage 102. A crown gear 118 is
disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the outer cage
102. Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear 118 may be
integrally formed with the outer cage 102. An inner surface of the
outer cage 102 is configured to facilitate driving engagement
between the outer cage 102 and each of the variator ball assemblies
114 while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies 114 to be
tilted with respect to the outer cage 102. Further, it is
understood that the crown gear 118 may be replaced with another
feature that facilitates driving engagement of the outer cage 102
with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive
gear.
[0025] The inner cage 104 is an annular member formed from a metal.
An outer surface of the inner cage 104 is configured to facilitate
driving engagement between the inner cage 104 and each of the
variator ball assemblies 114 while permitting each of the variator
ball assemblies 114 to be tilted with respect to the inner cage
104. The inner cage is 104 is coupled to the outer cage 102, and
cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies 114.
[0026] The first idling ring 106 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first idling ring 106 is rotatably disposed adjacent the
inner cage 104 and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A
portion of an outer surface of the first idling ring 106 is
configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball
assemblies 114. The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies
114 is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact
with the first idling ring 106, depending on a position of the
variator ball assemblies 114 or if the torque vectoring device 100
is performing a differential function.
[0027] The second idling ring 108 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second idling ring 108 is rotatably disposed adjacent
the inner cage 104 and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A
portion of an outer surface of the second idling ring 108 is
configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball
assemblies 114. The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies
114 is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact
with the second idling ring 108, depending on a position of the
variator ball assemblies 114 or if the torque vectoring device 100
is performing a differential function.
[0028] The first output ring 110 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first output ring 110 comprises an engagement end 120, a
middle portion 122, and an output end 124. The first output ring
110 is rotatably disposed within the outer cage 102 and is free to
rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring 110 is unitarily
formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first
output ring 110 may comprise a plurality of components coupled
together in any conventional manner.
[0029] The engagement end 120 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator
ball assemblies 114. The engagement end 120 is one of in frictional
engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of
the variator ball assemblies 114 contacting the engagement end 120,
depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies 114 or if
the torque vectoring device 100 is performing a differential
function.
[0030] The middle portion 122 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring 110;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 122 may have
other shapes. The output end 124 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the first output ring 110; however, it is
understood that the output end 124 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 124 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first
output ring 110 and a first output shaft 126. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 124 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output
shaft 126.
[0031] The second output ring 112 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second output ring 112 comprises an engagement end
128, a middle portion 130, and an output end 132. The second output
ring 112 is rotatably disposed within the outer cage 102 and is
free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring 112 is
unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the
second output ring 112 may comprise a plurality of components
coupled together in any conventional manner.
[0032] The engagement end 128 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator
ball assemblies 114. The engagement end 128 is one of in frictional
engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of
the variator ball assemblies 114 contacting the engagement end 128,
depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies 114 or if
the torque vectoring device 100 is performing a differential
function.
[0033] The middle portion 130 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring 112;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 130 may have
other shapes. The output end 132 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the second output ring 112; however, it is
understood that the output end 132 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 132 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second
output ring 112 and a second output shaft 134. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 132 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output
shaft 134.
[0034] Each of the variator ball assemblies 114 includes at least a
variator ball 136 and a variator axis 138, which are formed from a
hardened metal. An outer surface 140 of each of the variator balls
136 is in contact with the engagement end 120, 128 of the output
rings 110, 112. The variator axis 138 is disposed through and
coupled to the variator ball 136. The variator axis 138 is
rotatably and tiltably coupled to the outer cage 102 and the inner
cage 104. Alternately, the variator ball 136 may be rotatably
coupled to the variator axis 138 and the variator axis 138 may be
tiltably coupled to the outer cage 102 and the inner cage 104. The
torque vectoring device 100 includes at least three of the variator
ball assemblies 114; however it is understood that the torque
vectoring device 100 may include more than three of the variator
ball assemblies 114.
[0035] The actuator assembly 116 disposed within the outer cage 102
adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies 114
between the inner cage 104 and the outer cage 102. The plurality of
variator ball assemblies 114 are simultaneously and similarly moved
by the actuator assembly 116. As a non-limiting example, the
actuator assembly 116 may be mechanically actuated by a member (not
shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the
first output ring 110 and the second output ring 112. Alternately,
it is understood that the actuator assembly 116 may be
hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the
actuator assembly 116 may be disposed outside of the outer cage
102.
[0036] In use, the torque vectoring device 100 facilitates a
transfer of torque from the outer cage 102 to the first output
shaft 126 and the second output shaft 134 while facilitating the
differential function between the first output shaft 126 and the
second output shaft 134.
[0037] The first output ring 110 and the second output ring 112 are
driven by the outer cage 102 through the frictional engagement
between the engagement ends 120, 128 and the outer surface 140 of
the variator balls 136. When the first output ring 110 and the
second output ring 112 are rotating at substantially the same
speed, each of the variator balls 136 does not rotate about its
corresponding variator axis 138, and thus the outer cage 102, the
inner cage 104, the variator ball assemblies 114, the first output
ring 110, and the second output ring 112 rotate substantially
simultaneously.
[0038] The differential function of the torque vectoring device 100
occurs in response to different rates of rotation between the first
output ring 110 and the second output ring 112. When the first
output ring 110 and the second output ring 112 rotate at different
rates, the variator balls 136 rotate about the variator axis 138,
rolling against the first output ring 110 and the second output
ring 112. The differential function occurs even when the variator
ball assemblies 114 are placed in a tilted position. As a
non-limiting example, when a wheel (not shown) coupled to the first
output shaft 126 is turning at a slower rate than a wheel (not
shown) coupled to the second output shaft 126, such as when a
vehicle the torque vectoring device 100 is incorporated in is
driving through a turn, each of the variator balls 136 will start
rotating around the variator axis 138 and the remaining wheel will
adjust in speed proportionally.
[0039] A rotational speed of each of the variator balls 136 is
typically a low amount. When the differential function is not
occurring, the first output ring 110 and the second output ring 112
turn at the same speed, and the rotational speed of each of the
variator balls 136 will be substantially equal to zero. The
rotational speed of the variator balls 136 will be greater than
zero when the first output ring 110 and the second output ring 112
are rotating at different speeds.
[0040] A ratio of torque applied to the first output shaft 126 and
the second output shaft 134 may be adjusted by tilting the
plurality of variator ball assemblies 114 using the actuator
assembly 116. The ratio of torque is dependent on a ratio of the
distances between the variator axes 138 of the variator balls 136
and a contact point of the first output ring 110 and the second
output ring 112 with the outer surface 140 of the variator balls
136. Accordingly, to adjust the ratio of torque from an equal
division, the variator balls 136 are tilted on the variator axes
138 by the actuator assembly 116. The actuator assembly 116 is
typically controlled automatically by a controller (not shown)
based on an input from a plurality of sensors (not shown). However,
it is understood that the actuator assembly 116 may be controlled
manually by an operator of the vehicle the torque vectoring device
100 is incorporated in.
[0041] FIG. 2 illustrates a torque vectoring device 200. The torque
vectoring device 200 comprises an outer cage 202, an inner cage
204, a first output ring 206, a second output ring 208, a first
plurality of variator ball assemblies 210, a second plurality of
variator ball assemblies 212, and a roller assembly 214. The first
output ring 206 and the second output ring 208, and the roller
assembly 214 are rotatably disposed within the outer cage 202. A
volume of the outer cage 202 between the first output ring 206 and
the second output ring 208 may be filled with one of a traction
fluid and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator
ball assemblies 210, 212 is tiltably disposed between and drivingly
engaged with the inner cage 204 and the outer cage 202. A first
actuator assembly 216 and a second actuator assembly 218 disposed
within the outer cage 202 respectively adjusts a position of the
plurality of variator ball assemblies 210, 212, between the inner
cage 204 and the outer cage 202. The torque vectoring device 200 is
typically rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown).
[0042] The outer cage 202 is a hollow member formed from a metal.
The outer cage 202 comprises a plurality of components coupled
together. The first output ring 206 and the second output ring 208
are rotatably disposed within the outer cage 202. A crown gear 220
is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the outer cage
202. Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear 220 may be
integrally formed with the outer cage 202. An inner surface of the
outer cage 202 is configured to facilitate driving engagement
between the outer cage 202 and each of the variator ball assemblies
210, 212 while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies 210,
212 to be tilted with respect to the outer cage 202. Further, it is
understood that the crown gear 220 may be replaced with another
feature that facilitates driving engagement of the outer cage 202
with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive
gear.
[0043] The inner cage 204 is an annular member formed from a metal.
An outer surface of the inner cage 204 is configured to facilitate
driving engagement between the inner cage 204 and each of the
variator ball assemblies 210, 212 while permitting each of the
variator ball assemblies 210, 212 to be tilted with respect to the
inner cage 204. The inner cage is 204 is coupled to the outer cage
202, and cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies 210,
212.
[0044] The first output ring 206 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first output ring 206 comprises an engagement end 222, a
middle portion 224, and an output end 226. The first output ring
206 is rotatably disposed within the outer cage 202 and is free to
rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring 206 is unitarily
formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first
output ring 206 may comprise a plurality of components coupled
together in any conventional manner.
[0045] The engagement end 222 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 210. The engagement end 222 is one of in
frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion
of each of the first variator ball assemblies 210 contacting the
engagement end 222, depending on a position of the first variator
ball assemblies 210 or if the torque vectoring device 200 is
performing a differential function.
[0046] The middle portion 224 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring 206;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 224 may have
other shapes. The output end 226 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the first output ring 206; however, it is
understood that the output end 226 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 226 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first
output ring 206 and a first output shaft 228. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 226 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output
shaft 228.
[0047] The second output ring 208 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second output ring 208 comprises an engagement end
230, a middle portion 232, and an output end 234. The second output
ring 208 is rotatably disposed within the outer cage 202 and is
free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring 208 is
unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the
second output ring 208 may comprise a plurality of components
coupled together in any conventional manner.
[0048] The engagement end 230 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second
variator ball assemblies 212. The engagement end 230 is one of in
frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion
of each of the second variator ball assemblies 212 contacting the
engagement end 230, depending on a position of the second variator
ball assemblies 212 or if the torque vectoring device 200 is
performing a differential function.
[0049] The middle portion 232 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring 208;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 232 may have
other shapes. The output end 234 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the second output ring 208; however, it is
understood that the output end 234 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 234 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second
output ring 208 and a second output shaft 236. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 234 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output
shaft 236.
[0050] Each of the first variator ball assemblies 210 includes at
least a first variator ball 238 and a first variator axis 240,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 242 of
each of the first variator balls 238 is in contact with the
engagement end 222 of the first output ring 206. The first variator
axis 240 is disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball
238. The first variator axis 240 is rotatably and tiltably coupled
to the outer cage 202 and the inner cage 204. Alternately, the
first variator ball 238 may be rotatably coupled to the first
variator axis 240 and the first variator axis 240 may be tiltably
coupled to the outer cage 202 and the inner cage 204. The torque
vectoring device 200 includes at least three of the first variator
ball assemblies 210; however it is understood that the torque
vectoring device 200 may include more than three of the first
variator ball assemblies 210.
[0051] Each of the second variator ball assemblies 212 includes at
least a second variator ball 244 and a second variator axis 246,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 248 of
each of the second variator balls 244 is in contact with the
engagement end 230 of the second output ring 208. The second
variator axis 246 is disposed through and coupled to the second
variator ball 244. The second variator axis 246 is rotatably and
tiltably coupled to the outer cage 202 and the inner cage 204.
Alternately, the second variator ball 244 may be rotatably coupled
to the second variator axis 246 and the second variator axis 246
may be tiltably coupled to the outer cage 202 and the inner cage
204. The torque vectoring device 200 includes at least three of the
second variator ball assemblies 212; however it is understood that
the torque vectoring device 200 may include more than three of the
second variator ball assemblies 212.
[0052] The roller assembly 214 is disposed between and in contact
with the variator ball assemblies 210, 212. The roller assembly 214
comprises a plurality of rollers 250 rotatably disposed in a cage
252. A quantity of the rollers 250 corresponds to a number of
variator balls 238, 244 in either of the variator ball assemblies
210, 212. Each of the rollers 250 are formed from a metal and are
cylindrical in shape. The cage 252 rotatably holds the rollers 250
in an annular array. The rollers 250 are one of in frictional
engagement with or in rolling contact with the outer surface 242,
248 of each of the variator balls 238, 244 of each of the variator
ball assemblies 210, 212.
[0053] The first actuator assembly 216 disposed within the outer
cage 202 adjusts a position of the plurality of first variator ball
assemblies 210 between the inner cage 204 and the outer cage 202.
The plurality of first variator ball assemblies 210 are
simultaneously and similarly moved by the first actuator assembly
216. As a non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly 216 may
be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a
central perforation formed in one of the first output ring 206 and
the second output ring 208. Alternately, it is understood that the
first actuator assembly 216 may be hydraulically, electrically, or
pneumatically actuated and that the first actuator assembly 216 may
be disposed outside of the outer cage 202.
[0054] The second actuator assembly 218 disposed within the outer
cage 202 adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator
ball assemblies 212 between the inner cage 204 and the outer cage
202. The plurality of second variator ball assemblies 212 are
simultaneously and similarly moved by the second actuator assembly
218. As a non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly 218
may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed
through a central perforation formed in one of the first output
ring 206 and the second output ring 208. Alternately, it is
understood that the second actuator assembly 218 may be
hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the
second actuator assembly 218 may be disposed outside of the outer
cage 202.
[0055] The first output ring 206 and the second output ring 208 are
in frictional engagement with the outer cage 202 through the first
variator ball assemblies 210 and the second variator ball
assemblies 212. The roller assembly 214 ensures the first output
ring 206 and the second output ring 208 may rotate with respect to
one another when the differential function is needed.
[0056] To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator
assembly 216 and the second actuator assembly 218 cause the
variator axis 240 of each of the first variator ball assemblies 210
and the variator axis 246 of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 212 to change by an equal amount in the same direction.
Such a change of the variator axes 240, 246 causes a torque split
between the first output ring 206 and the second output ring 208 to
be adjusted.
[0057] To perform a transmission function, the first actuator
assembly 216 and the second actuator assembly 218 cause the
variator axis 240 of each of the first variator ball assemblies 210
and the variator axis 246 of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 212 to change by an equal amount in opposing directions.
Such a change of the variator axes 240, 246 of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 210 and the second variator ball
assemblies 212 causes a gear ratio of the first output ring 206 and
the second output ring 208 to be adjusted with respect to the outer
cage 202.
[0058] The torque vectoring device 200 may also be placed in a
hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque
vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the
torque vectoring device 200 in the hybrid mode, the first actuator
assembly 216 and the second actuator assembly 218 cause the
variator axes 240, 246 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 210 and the second variator ball assemblies 212 to
change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in
opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes 240, 246 of
each of the first variator ball assemblies 210 and the second
variator ball assemblies 212 causes a gear ratio of the first
output ring 206 and the second output ring 208 to be adjusted with
respect to the outer cage 202 and a torque split between the first
output ring 206 and the second output ring 208 to be adjusted.
[0059] FIG. 3 illustrates a torque vectoring device 300. The torque
vectoring device 300 comprises a drive member 302, a central roller
304, a first output ring 306, a second output ring 308, a first
plurality of variator ball assemblies 310, and a second plurality
of variator ball assemblies 312. The drive member 302, the central
roller 304, the first output ring 306, and the second output ring
308 are rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown). A volume
of the housing between the first output ring 306 and the second
output ring 308 may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an
automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies
310, 312 is tiltably disposed on and drivingly engaged with the
drive member 302. A first actuator assembly 316 and a second
actuator assembly 318 disposed adjacent the drive member 302
respectively adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball
assemblies 310, 312.
[0060] The drive member 302 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first plurality of variator ball assemblies 310 and the
second plurality of variator ball assemblies 312 are disposed on
opposite side of the drive member 302. A crown gear 320 is disposed
about and coupled to an outer surface of the drive member 302.
Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear 320 may be
integrally formed with the drive member 302. A first drive surface
322 of the drive member 302 is configured to facilitate driving
engagement between the drive member 302 and the first variator ball
assemblies 310 while permitting the first variator ball assemblies
310 to be tilted with respect to the drive member 302. A second
drive surface 324 of the drive member 302 is configured to
facilitate driving engagement between the drive member 302 and the
second variator ball assemblies 312 while permitting the second
variator ball assemblies 312 to be tilted with respect to the drive
member 302. Further, it is understood that the crown gear 320 may
be replaced with another feature that facilitates driving
engagement of the drive member 302 with a power source, such as
through a drive shaft or a drive gear.
[0061] The central roller 304 is an annular member formed from a
metal. An outer surface of the central roller 304 is configured to
contact each of the variator ball assemblies 310, 312 while
permitting each of the variator ball assemblies 310, 312 to be
tilted with respect to the central roller 304. The central roller
304 is in frictional engagement with the variator ball assemblies
310, 312 by the drive member 302.
[0062] The first output ring 306 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first output ring 306 comprises an engagement end 326, a
middle portion 328, and an output end 330. The first output ring
306 is rotatably disposed within the housing and is free to rotate
with respect thereto. The first output ring 306 is unitarily formed
from a metal, however, it is understood that the first output ring
306 may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any
conventional manner.
[0063] The engagement end 326 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 310. The engagement end 326 is one of in
frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion
of each of the first variator ball assemblies 310 contacting the
engagement end 326, depending on a position of the first variator
ball assemblies 310 or if the torque vectoring device 300 is
performing a differential function.
[0064] The middle portion 328 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring 306;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 328 may have
other shapes. The output end 330 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the first output ring 306; however, it is
understood that the output end 330 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 330 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first
output ring 306 and a first output shaft 332. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 330 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output
shaft 332.
[0065] The second output ring 308 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second output ring 308 comprises an engagement end
334, a middle portion 336, and an output end 338. The second output
ring 308 is rotatably disposed within the housing and is free to
rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring 308 is
unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the
second output ring 308 may comprise a plurality of components
coupled together in any conventional manner. As shown in FIG. 3,
the second output ring 308 has a diameter less than a diameter of
the first output ring 306 and the second output ring 308 contacts
the variator ball assemblies 312 radially inwardly where the first
output ring 306 contacts the variator ball assemblies 310, with
respect to the variator axes 344, 350.
[0066] The engagement end 334 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second
variator ball assemblies 312. As shown in FIG. 3, the engagement
end 334 of the second output ring 308 is configured to have an
orientation opposite an orientation of the engagement end 326 of
the first output ring 306. The engagement end 334 is one of in
frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion
of each of the second variator ball assemblies 312 contacting the
engagement end 334, depending on a position of the second variator
ball assemblies 312 or if the torque vectoring device 300 is
performing a differential function.
[0067] The middle portion 336 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring 308;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 336 may have
other shapes. The output end 338 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the second output ring 308; however, it is
understood that the output end 338 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 338 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second
output ring 308 and a second output shaft 340. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 338 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output
shaft 340.
[0068] Each of the first variator ball assemblies 310 includes at
least a first variator ball 342 and a first variator axis 344,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 346 of
each of the first variator balls 342 is in contact with the
engagement end 326 of the first output ring 306. The first variator
axis 344 is disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball
342. The first variator axis 344 is rotatably and tiltably coupled
to the drive member 302, adjacent the first drive surface 322.
Alternately, the first variator ball 342 may be rotatably coupled
to the first variator axis 344 and the first variator axis 344 may
be tiltably coupled to the drive member 302. The torque vectoring
device 300 includes at least three of the first variator ball
assemblies 310; however it is understood that the torque vectoring
device 300 may include more than three of the first variator ball
assemblies 310.
[0069] Each of the second variator ball assemblies 312 includes at
least a second variator ball 348 and a second variator axis 350,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 352 of
each of the second variator balls 348 is in contact with the
engagement end 334 of the second output ring 308. The second
variator axis 350 is disposed through and coupled to the second
variator ball 348. The second variator axis 350 is rotatably and
tiltably coupled to the drive member 302, adjacent the second drive
surface 324. Alternately, the second variator ball 348 may be
rotatably coupled to the second variator axis 350 and the second
variator axis 350 may be tiltably coupled to the drive member 302.
The torque vectoring device 300 includes at least three of the
second variator ball assemblies 312; however it is understood that
the torque vectoring device 300 may include more than three of the
second variator ball assemblies 312.
[0070] The first actuator assembly 316 disposed within the housing
adjusts a position of the plurality of first variator ball
assemblies 310 with respect to the drive member 302. The plurality
of first variator ball assemblies 310 are simultaneously and
similarly moved by the first actuator assembly 316. As a
non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly 316 may be
mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a
central perforation formed in one of the first output ring 306 and
the second output ring 308. Alternately, it is understood that the
first actuator assembly 316 may be hydraulically, electrically, or
pneumatically actuated.
[0071] The second actuator assembly 318 disposed within the housing
adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator ball
assemblies 312 with respect to the drive member 302. The plurality
of second variator ball assemblies 312 are simultaneously and
similarly moved by the second actuator assembly 318. As a
non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly 318 may be
mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a
central perforation formed in one of the first output ring 306 and
the second output ring 308. Alternately, it is understood that the
second actuator assembly 318 may be hydraulically, electrically, or
pneumatically actuated.
[0072] The first output ring 306 and the second output ring 308 are
in frictional engagement with the drive member 302 through the
first variator ball assemblies 310 and the second variator ball
assemblies 312. The central roller assembly 304 ensures the first
output ring 306 and the second output ring 308 may rotate with
respect to one another when the differential function is
needed.
[0073] To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator
assembly 316 and the second actuator assembly 318 cause the
variator axis 344 of each of the first variator ball assemblies 310
and the variator axis 350 of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 312 to change by an equal amount in opposing directions.
Such a change of the variator axes 344, 350 causes a torque split
between the first output ring 306 and the second output ring 308 to
be adjusted.
[0074] To perform a transmission function, the first actuator
assembly 316 and the second actuator assembly 318 cause the
variator axis 344 of each of the first variator ball assemblies 310
and the variator axis 350 of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 312 to change by an equal amount in the same direction.
Such a change of the variator axes 344, 350 of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 310 and the second variator ball
assemblies 312 causes a gear ratio of the first output ring 306 and
the second output ring 308 to be adjusted with respect to the drive
member 302.
[0075] The torque vectoring device 300 may also be placed in a
hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque
vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the
torque vectoring device 300 in the hybrid mode, the first actuator
assembly 316 and the second actuator assembly 318 cause the
variator axes 344, 350 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 310 and the second variator ball assemblies 312 to
change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in
opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes 344, 350 of
each of the first variator ball assemblies 310 and the second
variator ball assemblies 312 causes a gear ratio of the first
output ring 306 and the second output ring 308 to be adjusted with
respect to the drive member 302 and a torque split between the
first output ring 306 and the second output ring 308 to be
adjusted.
[0076] FIG. 4 illustrates a torque vectoring device 400. The torque
vectoring device 400 comprises an outer cage 402, an inner cage
404, a first idling ring 406, a second idling ring 408, a first
output ring 410, a second output ring 412, and a plurality of
variator ball assemblies 414. The first idling ring 406, the second
idling ring 408, the first output ring 410, and the second output
ring 412 are rotatably disposed within the outer cage 402. A volume
of the outer cage 402 between the first output ring 410 and the
second output ring 412 may be filled with one of a traction fluid
and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball
assemblies 414 is tiltably disposed between and drivingly engaged
with the inner cage 404 and the outer cage 402. An actuator
assembly 416 disposed within the outer cage 402 adjusts a position
of the plurality of variator ball assemblies 414 between the inner
cage 404 and the outer cage 402. The torque vectoring device 400 is
typically rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown).
[0077] The outer cage 402 is a hollow member formed from a metal.
The outer cage 402 comprises a plurality of components coupled
together. The first idling ring 406, the second idling ring 408,
the first output ring 410, and the second output ring 412 are
rotatably disposed within the outer cage 402. A crown gear 418 is
disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the outer cage
402. Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear 418 may be
integrally formed with the outer cage 402. An inner surface of the
outer cage 402 is configured to facilitate driving engagement
between the outer cage 402 and each of the variator ball assemblies
414 while permitting each of the variator ball assemblies 414 to be
tilted with respect to the outer cage 402. Further, it is
understood that the crown gear 418 may be replaced with another
feature that facilitates driving engagement of the outer cage 402
with a power source, such as through a drive shaft or a drive
gear.
[0078] The inner cage 404 is an annular member formed from a metal.
An outer surface of the inner cage 404 is configured to facilitate
driving engagement between the inner cage 404 and each of the
variator ball assemblies 414 while permitting each of the variator
ball assemblies 414 to be tilted with respect to the inner cage
404. The inner cage is 404 is coupled to the outer cage 402, and
cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies 414.
[0079] The first idling ring 406 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first idling ring 406 is rotatably disposed adjacent the
inner cage 404 and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A
portion of an outer surface of the first idling ring 406 is
configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball
assemblies 414. The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies
414 is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact
with the first idling ring 406, depending on a position of the
variator ball assemblies 414 or if the torque vectoring device 400
is performing a differential function.
[0080] The second idling ring 408 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second idling ring 408 is rotatably disposed adjacent
the inner cage 404 and is free to rotate with respect thereto. A
portion of an outer surface of the second idling ring 408 is
configured to contact a portion of each of the variator ball
assemblies 414. The portion of each of the variator ball assemblies
414 is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact
with the second idling ring 408, depending on a position of the
variator ball assemblies 414 or if the torque vectoring device 400
is performing a differential function.
[0081] The first output ring 410 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first output ring 410 comprises an engagement end 420, a
middle portion 422, and an output end 424. The first output ring
410 is rotatably disposed within the outer cage 402 and is free to
rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring 410 is unitarily
formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first
output ring 410 may comprise a plurality of components coupled
together in any conventional manner. As shown in FIG. 4, a diameter
of the first output ring 410 is less than a diameter of the second
output ring 412; however, it is understood that the diameter of the
second output ring 412 may be less than the diameter of the first
output ring 410. As a result of a difference in diameter between
the first output ring 410 and the second output ring 412, the first
output ring 410 and the second output ring 412 respectively contact
the variator ball assemblies 414 at different radial distances.
[0082] The engagement end 420 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator
ball assemblies 414. The engagement end 420 is one of in frictional
engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of
the variator ball assemblies 414 contacting the engagement end 420,
depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies 414 or if
the torque vectoring device 400 is performing a differential
function.
[0083] The middle portion 422 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring 410;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 422 may have
other shapes. The output end 424 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the first output ring 410; however, it is
understood that the output end 424 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 424 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first
output ring 410 and a first output shaft 426. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 424 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output
shaft 426.
[0084] The second output ring 412 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second output ring 412 comprises an engagement end
428, a middle portion 430, and an output end 432. The second output
ring 412 is rotatably disposed within the outer cage 402 and is
free to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring 412 is
unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the
second output ring 412 may comprise a plurality of components
coupled together in any conventional manner.
[0085] The engagement end 428 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator
ball assemblies 414. The engagement end 428 is one of in frictional
engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of
the variator ball assemblies 414 contacting the engagement end 428,
depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies 414 or if
the torque vectoring device 400 is performing a differential
function.
[0086] The middle portion 430 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring 412;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 430 may have
other shapes. The output end 432 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the second output ring 412; however, it is
understood that the output end 432 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 432 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second
output ring 412 and a second output shaft 434. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 432 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output
shaft 434.
[0087] Each of the variator ball assemblies 414 includes at least a
variator ball 436 and a variator axis 438, which are formed from a
hardened metal. An outer surface 440 of each of the variator balls
436 is in contact with the engagement ends 420, 428 of the output
rings 410, 412. The variator axis 438 is disposed through and
coupled to the variator ball 436. The variator axis 438 is
rotatably and tiltably coupled to the outer cage 402 and the inner
cage 404. Alternately, the variator ball 436 may be rotatably
coupled to the variator axis 438 and the variator axis 438 may be
tiltably coupled to the outer cage 402 and the inner cage 404. The
torque vectoring device 400 includes at least three of the variator
ball assemblies 414; however it is understood that the torque
vectoring device 400 may include more than three of the variator
ball assemblies 414.
[0088] The actuator assembly 416 disposed within the outer cage 402
adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies 414
between the inner cage 404 and the outer cage 402. The plurality of
variator ball assemblies 414 are simultaneously and similarly moved
by the actuator assembly 416. As a non-limiting example, the
actuator assembly 416 may be mechanically actuated by a member (not
shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the
first output ring 410 and the second output ring 412. Alternately,
it is understood that the actuator assembly 416 may be
hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the
actuator assembly 416 may be disposed outside of the outer cage
402.
[0089] In use, the torque vectoring device 400 facilitates a
transfer of torque from the outer cage 402 to the first output
shaft 426 and the second output shaft 434 while facilitating the
differential function between the first output shaft 426 and the
second output shaft 434.
[0090] The first output ring 410 and the second output ring 412 are
driven by the outer cage 402 through the frictional engagement
between the engagement ends 420, 428 and the outer surface 440 of
the variator balls 436. When the first output ring 410 and the
second output ring 412 are rotating at substantially the same
speed, each of the variator balls 436 does not rotate about its
corresponding variator axis 438, and thus the outer cage 402, the
inner cage 404, the variator ball assemblies 414, the first output
ring 410, and the second output ring 412 rotate substantially
simultaneously.
[0091] As a result of a difference in diameter between the first
output ring 410 and the second output ring 412, a different amount
of torque is applied to each of the first output ring 410 and the
second output ring 412. It is understood that a shape of the first
output ring 410 and the second output ring 412 may be configured to
distribute torque in a predetermined, unequal manner when the
variator ball assemblies 414 are placed in an untilted
orientation.
[0092] As a non-limiting example, the torque vectoring device 400
may be employed in a four wheel drive vehicle to divide torque
between a set of front wheels and a set of rear wheels. When the
torque vectoring device 400 is used to divide torque between the
set of front wheels and the set of rear wheels, the torque
vectoring device 400 can be adapted to provide a predetermined,
unequal torque ratio. Such a torque vectoring device 400 can be
used when the equal division of the ratio of torque is not
desired.
[0093] The differential function of the torque vectoring device 400
occurs in response to different rates of rotation between the first
output ring 410 and the second output ring 412. When the first
output ring 410 and the second output ring 412 rotate at different
rates, the variator balls 436 rotate about the variator axis 438,
rolling against the first output ring 410 and the second output
ring 412. The differential function occurs even when the variator
ball assemblies 414 are placed in a tilted position. As a
non-limiting example, when an axle (not shown) drivingly engaged
with the first output shaft 426 is turning at a faster rate than an
axle (not shown) drivingly engaged with the second output shaft
434, such as when a vehicle the torque vectoring device 400 is
incorporated in is traversing slick terrain, each of the variator
balls 436 will start rotating around the variator axis 438 and the
remaining axle will adjust in speed proportionally.
[0094] A rotational speed of each of the variator balls 436 is
typically a low amount. When the differential function is not
occurring, the first output ring 410 and the second output ring 412
turn at the same rate, and the rotational speed of each of the
variator balls 436 will be substantially equal to zero. The
rotational speed of the variator balls 436 will be greater than
zero when the first output ring 410 and the second output ring 412
are rotating at different rates.
[0095] A ratio of torque applied to the first output shaft 426 and
the second output shaft 434 may be adjusted by tilting the
plurality of variator ball assemblies 414 using the actuator
assembly 416. The ratio of torque is dependent on a ratio of the
distances between the variator axes 438 of the variator balls 436
and a contact point of the first output ring 410 and the second
output ring 412 with the outer surface 440 of the variator balls
436. Accordingly, to adjust the ratio of torque from an equal
division, the variator balls 436 are tilted on the variator axes
438 by the actuator assembly 416. The actuator assembly 416 is
typically controlled automatically by a controller (not shown)
based on an input from a plurality of sensors (not shown). However,
it is understood that the actuator assembly 416 may be controlled
manually by an operator of the vehicle the torque vectoring device
400 is incorporated in.
[0096] FIG. 5 illustrates a torque vectoring device 500. The torque
vectoring device 500 comprises a drive member 502, an inner cage
504, an inner idling ring 506, an outer idling ring 508, an inner
output ring 510, an outer output ring 512, and a plurality of
variator ball assemblies 514. The inner idling ring 506, the outer
idling ring 508, the inner output ring 510, and the outer output
ring 512 are rotatably disposed within a housing (not shown). A
volume of the housing between the drive member 502 and the outer
output ring 512 may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an
automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies
514 is tiltably disposed between and drivingly engaged with the
inner cage 504 and the drive member 502. An actuator assembly 516
adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies 514
between the inner cage 504 and the drive member 502.
[0097] The drive member 502 is a substantially disk-shaped member
formed from a metal. The drive member 502 may comprise a plurality
of components coupled together or the drive member 502 may be of
unitary construction. A drive shaft 518 is integrally formed with
the drive member 502. The drive shaft 518 facilitates driving
engagement of the drive member 502 with a power source.
Alternately, it is understood that the drive shaft 518 may be
formed separate from and coupled to the drive member 502 in any
conventional manner. Further, it is understood that a drive gear
may be integrally formed with or coupled to the drive member 502.
An inner surface of the drive member 502 is configured to
facilitate driving engagement between the drive member 502 and each
of the variator ball assemblies 514 while permitting each of the
variator ball assemblies 514 to be tilted with respect to the drive
member 502.
[0098] The inner cage 504 is an annular member formed from a metal.
An axial facing surface of the inner cage 504 is configured to
facilitate driving engagement between the inner cage 504 and each
of the variator ball assemblies 514 while permitting each of the
variator ball assemblies 514 to be tilted with respect to the inner
cage 504. The inner cage is 504 is coupled to the drive member 502,
and cooperate to drive the variator ball assemblies 514.
[0099] The inner idling ring 506 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The inner idling ring 506 is rotatably disposed radially
inwardly from the inner cage 504 and is free to rotate with respect
thereto. A portion of an axially facing surface of the inner idling
ring 506 is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator
ball assemblies 514. The portion of each of the variator ball
assemblies 514 is one of in frictional engagement with or in
rolling contact with the inner idling ring 506, depending on a
position of the variator ball assemblies 514 or if the torque
vectoring device 500 is performing a differential function.
[0100] The outer idling ring 508 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The outer idling ring 508 is rotatably disposed radially
outwardly from the inner cage 504 and is free to rotate with
respect thereto. A portion of an axially facing surface of the
outer idling ring 508 is configured to contact a portion of each of
the variator ball assemblies 514. The portion of each of the
variator ball assemblies 514 is one of in frictional engagement
with or in rolling contact with the outer idling ring 508,
depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies 514 or if
the torque vectoring device 500 is performing a differential
function.
[0101] The inner output ring 510 is an annular member. The inner
output ring 510 comprises an engagement end 520, a hub portion 522,
and an output shaft 524. The inner output ring 510 is rotatably
disposed within the outer output ring 512 and is free to rotate
with respect thereto. The inner output ring 510 is unitarily formed
from a metal, however, it is understood that the inner output ring
510 may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any
conventional manner. As shown in FIG. 5, a diameter of the inner
output ring 510 is less than a diameter of the outer output ring
512 and the inner output ring 510 contacts the variator ball
assemblies 514 radially inwardly from the outer output ring 512,
with respect to the variator axes 538.
[0102] The engagement end 520 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator
ball assemblies 514. The engagement end 520 is one of in frictional
engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of
the variator ball assemblies 514 contacting the engagement end 520,
depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies 514 or if
the torque vectoring device 500 is performing a differential
function.
[0103] The hub portion 522 is a radially extending, substantially
disk shaped portion of the inner output ring 510; however, it is
understood that the hub portion 522 may have other shapes. The
output shaft 524 is an axially extending, cylinder shaped portion
of the inner output ring 510. The output shaft 524 may be drivingly
coupled to another shaft (not shown) through a joint (not shown).
Alternately, a portion of the output shaft 524 may define a
plurality of splines to facilitate driving engagement
therewith.
[0104] The outer output ring 512 is an annular member formed. The
outer output ring 512 comprises an engagement end 528, a middle
portion 530, and an output sleeve 532. The outer output ring 512 is
rotatably disposed within the housing and is free to rotate with
respect thereto. The outer output ring 512 is unitarily formed from
a metal, however, it is understood that the outer output ring 512
may comprise a plurality of components coupled together in any
conventional manner.
[0105] The engagement end 528 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the variator
ball assemblies 514. The engagement end 528 is one of in frictional
engagement with or in rolling contact with the portion of each of
the variator ball assemblies 514 contacting the engagement end 528,
depending on a position of the variator ball assemblies 514 or if
the torque vectoring device 500 is performing a differential
function.
[0106] The middle portion 530 is a hollow cylindrically shaped
portion of the outer output ring 512; however, it is understood
that the middle portion 530 may have other shapes. The output
sleeve 532 is an axially extending, sleeve shaped portion of the
outer output ring 512; however, it is understood that the output
sleeve 532 may have other shapes. An outer surface of the output
sleeve 532 may define a plurality of drive splines thereon, which
facilitate driving engagement therewith. Alternately, it is
understood that the output sleeve 532 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the outer output
ring 512.
[0107] Each of the variator ball assemblies 514 includes at least a
variator ball 536 and a variator axis 538, which are formed from a
hardened metal. An outer surface 540 of each of the variator balls
536 is in contact with the engagement ends 520, 528 of the output
rings 510, 512. The variator axis 538 is disposed through and
coupled to the variator ball 536. The variator axis 538 is
rotatably and tiltably coupled to the drive member 502 and the
inner cage 504. Alternately, the variator ball 536 may be rotatably
coupled to the variator axis 538 and the variator axis 538 may be
tiltably coupled to the drive member 502 and the inner cage 504.
The torque vectoring device 500 includes at least three of the
variator ball assemblies 514; however it is understood that the
torque vectoring device 500 may include more than three of the
variator ball assemblies 514.
[0108] The actuator assembly 516 disposed within the housing
adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies 514
between the inner cage 504 and the drive member 502. The plurality
of variator ball assemblies 514 are simultaneously and similarly
moved by the actuator assembly 516. As a non-limiting example, the
actuator assembly 516 may be mechanically actuated by a member (not
shown) disposed through a central perforation formed in one of the
inner output ring 510 and the drive member 502. Alternately, it is
understood that the actuator assembly 516 may be hydraulically,
electrically, or pneumatically actuated and that the actuator
assembly 516 may be disposed outside of the outer output ring
512.
[0109] In use, the torque vectoring device 500 facilitates a
transfer of torque from the drive member 502 to the output shaft
524 and the output sleeve 532 while facilitating the differential
function between the output shaft 524 and the output sleeve
532.
[0110] The inner output ring 510 and the outer output ring 512 are
driven by the drive member 502 through the frictional engagement
between the engagement ends 520, 528 and the outer surface 540 of
the variator balls 536. When the inner output ring 510 and the
outer output ring 512 are rotating at substantially the same speed,
each of the variator balls 536 does not rotate about its
corresponding variator axis 538, and thus the drive member 502, the
inner cage 504, the variator ball assemblies 514, the inner output
ring 510, and the outer output ring 512 rotate substantially
simultaneously.
[0111] The differential function of the torque vectoring device 500
occurs in response to different rates of rotation between the inner
output ring 510 and the outer output ring 512. When the inner
output ring 510 and the outer output ring 512 rotate at different
rates, the variator balls 536 rotate about the variator axis 538,
rolling against the inner output ring 510 and the outer output ring
512. The differential function occurs even when the variator ball
assemblies 514 are placed in a tilted position. As a non-limiting
example, when an axle (not shown) drivingly engaged with the output
shaft 524 is turning at a faster rate than an axle (not shown)
drivingly engaged with the output sleeve 532, such as when a
vehicle the torque vectoring device 500 is incorporated in is
traversing slick terrain, each of the variator balls 536 will start
rotating around the variator axis 538 and the remaining axle will
adjust in speed proportionally.
[0112] A rotational speed of each of the variator balls 536 is
typically a low amount. When the differential function is not
occurring, the inner output ring 510 and the outer output ring 512
turn at the same rate, and the rotational speed of each of the
variator balls 536 will be substantially equal to zero. The
rotational speed of the variator balls 536 will be greater than
zero when the inner output ring 510 and the outer output ring 512
are rotating at different rates.
[0113] A ratio of torque applied to the output shaft 526 and the
output sleeve 532 may be adjusted by tilting the plurality of
variator ball assemblies 514 using the actuator assembly 516. The
ratio of torque is dependent on a ratio of the distances between
the variator axes 538 of the variator balls 536 and a contact point
of the inner output ring 510 and the outer output ring 512 with the
outer surface 540 of the variator balls 536. Accordingly, to adjust
the ratio of torque from an equal division, the variator balls 536
are tilted on the variator axes 538 by the actuator assembly 516.
The actuator assembly 516 is typically controlled automatically by
a controller (not shown) based on an input from a plurality of
sensors (not shown). However, it is understood that the actuator
assembly 516 may be controlled manually by an operator of the
vehicle the torque vectoring device 500 is incorporated in.
[0114] FIG. 6 illustrates a torque vectoring device 600. The torque
vectoring device 600 comprises a drive member 602, an inner cage
604, a first output ring 606, a first input ring 607, a second
output ring 608, a second input ring 609, a first plurality of
variator ball assemblies 610, a second plurality of variator ball
assemblies 612, and a roller assembly 614. The first output ring
606, the first input ring 607, the second output ring 608, the
second input ring 609, and the roller assembly 614 are rotatably
disposed within a housing 615. The inner cage 604, the first
plurality of variator ball assemblies 610 and the second plurality
of variator ball assemblies 612 are non-rotatably disposed within
the housing 615. A volume between the first output ring 606 and the
second output ring 608 may be filled with one of a traction fluid
and an automatic transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball
assemblies 610, 612 is tiltably disposed between the inner cage 604
and the housing 615. A first actuator assembly 616 and a second
actuator assembly 618 disposed within the housing 615 respectively
adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies
610, 612, between the inner cage 604 and the housing 615.
[0115] The drive member 602 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The drive member 602 is unitary in construction; however, it
is understood that the drive member 602 may comprise a plurality of
components coupled together. The roller assembly 614 is disposed
within and drivingly engaged with the drive member 602. A crown
gear 620 is disposed about and coupled to an outer surface of the
drive member 602. Alternately, it is understood that the crown gear
620 may be integrally formed with the drive member 602. An inner
surface of the drive member 602 is configured to facilitate driving
engagement between the drive member 602 and the roller assembly
614. Further, it is understood that the crown gear 620 may be
replaced with another feature that facilitates driving engagement
of the drive member 602 with a power source, such as through a
drive shaft or a drive gear.
[0116] The inner cage 604 is an annular member formed from a metal.
An outer surface of the inner cage 604 is configured to be coupled
to each of the variator ball assemblies 610, 612 while permitting
each of the variator ball assemblies 610, 612 to be tilted with
respect to the inner cage 604. The inner cage 604 is restrained
from rotating within the housing 615, as the inner cage 606 is
coupled to the housing 615, and cooperate to hold the variator ball
assemblies 610, 612.
[0117] The first output ring 606 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first output ring 606 comprises an engagement end 622, a
middle portion 624, and an output end 626. The first output ring
606 is rotatably disposed within the housing 615 and is free to
rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring 606 is unitarily
formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first
output ring 606 may comprise a plurality of components coupled
together in any conventional manner.
[0118] The engagement end 622 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 610. The engagement end 622 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 610 contacting the engagement end 622.
[0119] The middle portion 624 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring 606;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 624 may have
other shapes. The output end 626 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the first output ring 606; however, it is
understood that the output end 626 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 626 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first
output ring 606 and a first output shaft 628. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 626 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output
shaft 628.
[0120] The first input ring 607 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first input ring 607 comprises an engagement end 630 and
a drive end 632. The first input ring 607 is rotatably disposed
within the housing 615 and is free to rotate with respect thereto.
The first input ring 607 is unitarily formed, however, it is
understood that the first input ring 607 may comprise a plurality
of components coupled together in any conventional manner.
[0121] The engagement end 630 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 610. The engagement end 630 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 610 contacting the engagement end 630.
[0122] The drive end 632 is a radially extending, substantially
disk shaped portion of the first input ring 607; however, it is
understood that the drive end 632 may have other shapes. The drive
end 632 is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling
contact with a portion of the roller assembly contacting the drive
end 632, depending on if the torque vectoring device 600 is
performing a differential function.
[0123] The second output ring 608 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second output ring 608 comprises an engagement end
634, a middle portion 636, and an output end 638. The second output
ring 608 is rotatably disposed within the housing 615 and is free
to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring 608 is
unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the
second output ring 608 may comprise a plurality of components
coupled together in any conventional manner.
[0124] The engagement end 634 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second
variator ball assemblies 612. The engagement end 634 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 612 contacting the engagement end 634.
[0125] The middle portion 636 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring 608;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 636 may have
other shapes. The output end 638 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the second output ring 608; however, it is
understood that the output end 638 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 638 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second
output ring 608 and a second output shaft 640. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 638 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output
shaft 640.
[0126] The second input ring 609 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The second input ring 609 comprises an engagement end 642
and a drive end 644. The second input ring 609 is rotatably
disposed within the housing 615 and is free to rotate with respect
thereto. The second input ring 609 is unitarily formed, however, it
is understood that the second input ring 609 may comprise a
plurality of components coupled together in any conventional
manner.
[0127] The engagement end 642 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second
variator ball assemblies 612. The engagement end 642 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 612 contacting the engagement end 642.
[0128] The drive end 644 is a radially extending, substantially
disk shaped portion of the second input ring 609; however, it is
understood that the drive end 644 may have other shapes. The drive
end 644 is one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling
contact with a portion of the roller assembly contacting the drive
end 644, depending on if the torque vectoring device 600 is
performing a differential function.
[0129] Each of the first variator ball assemblies 610 includes at
least a first variator ball 646 and a first variator axis 648,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 650 of
each of the first variator balls 646 is in contact with the
engagement end 622 of the first output ring 606 and the engagement
end 630 of the first input ring 607. The first variator axis 648 is
disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball 646. The
first variator axis 648 is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the
housing 615 and the inner cage 604. Alternately, the first variator
ball 646 may be rotatably coupled to the first variator axis 648
and the first variator axis 648 may be tiltably coupled to the
housing 615 and the inner cage 604. The torque vectoring device 600
includes at least three of the first variator ball assemblies 610;
however it is understood that the torque vectoring device 600 may
include more than three of the first variator ball assemblies
610.
[0130] Each of the second variator ball assemblies 612 includes at
least a second variator ball 652 and a second variator axis 654,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 656 of
each of the second variator balls 652 is in contact with the
engagement end 630 of the second output ring 608 and the engagement
end 642 of the second input ring 609. The second variator axis 654
is disposed through and coupled to the second variator ball 652.
The second variator axis 654 is rotatably and tiltably coupled to
the housing 615 and the inner cage 604. Alternately, the second
variator ball 652 may be rotatably coupled to the second variator
axis 654 and the second variator axis 654 may be tiltably coupled
to the housing 615 and the inner cage 604. The torque vectoring
device 600 includes at least three of the second variator ball
assemblies 612; however it is understood that the torque vectoring
device 600 may include more than three of the second variator ball
assemblies 612.
[0131] The roller assembly 614 is disposed between and in contact
with the input rings 607, 609. The roller assembly 614 comprises a
plurality of rollers 658 rotatably disposed on and drivingly
engaged with an axis 660. Each of the rollers 658 are formed from a
metal and are cylindrical in shape. The drive member 602 rotatably
holds and drives the axes 660 in an annular array. The rollers 658
are one of in frictional engagement with or in rolling contact with
the drive ends 632, 644 of each of the input rings 607, 609.
[0132] The first actuator assembly 616 disposed within the housing
615 adjusts a position of the plurality of the first variator ball
assemblies 610 between the inner cage 604 and the housing 615. The
plurality of first variator ball assemblies 610 are simultaneously
and similarly moved by the first actuator assembly 616. As a
non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly 616 may be
mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a
central perforation formed in at least one of the first output ring
606, the first input ring 607, the second output ring 608, and the
second input ring 609. Alternately, it is understood that the first
actuator assembly 616 may be hydraulically, electrically, or
pneumatically actuated.
[0133] The second actuator assembly 618 disposed within the housing
615 adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator ball
assemblies 612 between the inner cage 604 and the housing 615. The
plurality of second variator ball assemblies 612 are simultaneously
and similarly moved by the second actuator assembly 618. As a
non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly 618 may be
mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a
central perforation formed in at least one of the first output ring
606, the first input ring 607, the second output ring 608, and the
second input ring 609. Alternately, it is understood that the
second actuator assembly 618 may be hydraulically, electrically, or
pneumatically actuated.
[0134] The first output ring 606 and the second output ring 608 are
in driving engagement with the drive member 602 through the roller
assembly 614, the first input ring 607, the second input ring 609,
the first variator ball assemblies 610, and the second variator
ball assemblies 612. The roller assembly 614 disposed between the
first input ring 607 and the second input ring 609 frictionally
drives the first input ring 607 and the second input ring 609,
which drive the first variator ball assemblies 610 and the second
variator ball assemblies 612. The roller assembly 614 ensures the
first input ring 607 and the second input ring 609 may rotate with
respect to one another when the differential function is
needed.
[0135] To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator
assembly 616 and the second actuator assembly 618 cause the
variator axes 648, 654 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 610 and the second variator ball assemblies 612 to
change by a predetermined or a calculated amount in the same
direction. Such a change of the variator axes 648, 654 causes a
torque split between the first output ring 606 and the second
output ring 608 to be adjusted.
[0136] To perform a transmission function, the first actuator
assembly 616 and the second actuator assembly 618 cause the
variator axes 648, 654 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 610 and the second variator ball assemblies 612 to
change by an equal amount in opposing directions. Such a change of
the variator axes 648, 654 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 610 and the second variator ball assemblies 612 causes a
gear ratio of the first output ring 606 and the second output ring
608 to be adjusted with respect to the drive member 602.
[0137] The torque vectoring device 600 may also be placed in a
hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque
vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the
torque vectoring device 600 in the hybrid mode, the first actuator
assembly 616 and the second actuator assembly 618 cause the
variator axes 648, 654 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 610 and the second variator ball assemblies 612 to
change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in
opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes 648, 654 of
each of the first variator ball assemblies 610 and the second
variator ball assemblies 612 causes a gear ratio of the first
output ring 606 and the second output ring 608 to be adjusted with
respect to the drive member 602 and a torque split between the
first output ring 606 and the second output ring 608 to be
adjusted.
[0138] FIG. 7 illustrates a torque vectoring device 700. The torque
vectoring device 700 comprises a drive member 702, a first inner
cage 704, a second inner cage 705, a first output ring 706, a first
input member 707, a second output ring 708, a second input member
709, a first plurality of variator ball assemblies 710, a second
plurality of variator ball assemblies 712, and a plurality of drive
pinions 714. The first output ring 706, the first input member 707,
the second output ring 708, and the second input member 709 are
rotatably disposed within a housing 715. The first inner cage 704,
the second inner cage 705, the first plurality of variator ball
assemblies 710, and the second plurality of variator ball
assemblies 712 are non-rotatably disposed within the housing 715. A
volume between the first output ring 706 and the second output ring
708 may be filled with one of a traction fluid and an automatic
transmission fluid. Each of the variator ball assemblies 710, 712
is respectively tiltably disposed between the inner cages 704, 705
and the housing 715. A first actuator assembly 716 and a second
actuator assembly 718 disposed within the housing 715 respectively
adjusts a position of the plurality of variator ball assemblies
710, 712, between the inner cages 704, 705 and the housing 715.
[0139] The drive member 702 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The drive member 702 is unitary in construction; however, it
is understood that the drive member 702 may comprise a plurality of
components coupled together. The plurality of drive pinions 714 are
rotatably disposed within apertures 719 formed in an inner surface
of the drive member 702. The plurality of drive pinions 714
facilitates driving engagement between the drive member 702 and the
input members 707, 709. A crown gear 720 is disposed about and
coupled to an outer surface of the drive member 702. Alternately,
it is understood that the crown gear 720 may be integrally formed
with the drive member 702. Further, it is understood that the crown
gear 720 may be replaced with another feature that facilitates
driving engagement of the drive member 702 with a power source,
such as through a drive shaft or a drive gear.
[0140] The first inner cage 704 is an annular member formed from a
metal. An outer surface of the first inner cage 704 is configured
to be coupled to each of the first variator ball assemblies 710
while permitting each of the first variator ball assemblies 710 to
be tilted with respect to the first inner cage 704. The first inner
cage 704 is restrained from rotating within the housing 715, as the
first inner cage 704 is coupled to the housing 715, and cooperate
to hold the variator ball assemblies 710.
[0141] The second inner cage 705 is an annular member formed from a
metal. An outer surface of the second inner cage 705 is configured
to be coupled to each of the second variator ball assemblies 712
while permitting each of the second variator ball assemblies 712 to
be tilted with respect to the second inner cage 705. The second
inner cage 705 is restrained from rotating within the housing 715,
as the second inner cage 705 is coupled to the housing 715, and
cooperate to hold the variator ball assemblies 712.
[0142] The first output ring 706 is an annular member formed from a
metal. The first output ring 706 comprises an engagement end 722, a
middle portion 724, and an output end 726. The first output ring
706 is rotatably disposed within the housing 715 and is free to
rotate with respect thereto. The first output ring 706 is unitarily
formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the first
output ring 706 may comprise a plurality of components coupled
together in any conventional manner.
[0143] The engagement end 722 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 710. The engagement end 722 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 710 contacting the engagement end 722.
[0144] The middle portion 724 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the first output ring 706;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 724 may have
other shapes. The output end 726 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the first output ring 706; however, it is
understood that the output end 726 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 726 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the first
output ring 706 and a first output shaft 728. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 726 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the first output
shaft 728.
[0145] The first input member 707 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The first input member 707 comprises an engagement end 730
and a geared portion 732. The first input member 707 is rotatably
disposed within the housing 715 and is free to rotate with respect
thereto. The first input member 707 comprises a plurality of
components coupled together in any conventional manner; however, it
is understood that the first input member 707 may be unitary in
construction.
[0146] The engagement end 730 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the first
variator ball assemblies 710. The engagement end 730 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 710 contacting the engagement end 730.
[0147] The geared portion 732 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the first input member 707;
however, it is understood that the geared portion 732 may have
other shapes. The geared portion 732 forms a bevel gear, which is
in driving engagement with the drive member 702 through the
plurality of drive pinions 714.
[0148] The second output ring 708 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second output ring 708 comprises an engagement end
734, a middle portion 736, and an output end 738. The second output
ring 708 is rotatably disposed within the housing 715 and is free
to rotate with respect thereto. The second output ring 708 is
unitarily formed from a metal, however, it is understood that the
second output ring 708 may comprise a plurality of components
coupled together in any conventional manner.
[0149] The engagement end 734 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second
variator ball assemblies 712. The engagement end 734 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 712 contacting the engagement end 734.
[0150] The middle portion 736 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the second output ring 708;
however, it is understood that the middle portion 736 may have
other shapes. The output end 738 is an axially extending, sleeve
shaped portion of the second output ring 708; however, it is
understood that the output end 738 may have other shapes. An inner
surface of the output end 738 defines a plurality of drive splines
thereon, which facilitate driving engagement between the second
output ring 708 and a second output shaft 740. Alternately, it is
understood that the output end 738 may be configured with other
features that facilitate driving engagement with the second output
shaft 740.
[0151] The second input member 709 is an annular member formed from
a metal. The second input member 709 comprises an engagement end
742 and a geared portion 744. The second input member 709 is
rotatably disposed within the housing 715 and is free to rotate
with respect thereto. The second input member 709 comprises a
plurality of components coupled together in any conventional
manner; however, it is understood that the second input member 709
may be unitary in construction.
[0152] The engagement end 742 defines an annular, conical surface
that is configured to contact a portion of each of the second
variator ball assemblies 712. The engagement end 742 is in rolling
contact with the portion of each of the second variator ball
assemblies 712 contacting the engagement end 742.
[0153] The geared portion 744 is a radially extending,
substantially disk shaped portion of the second input member 709;
however, it is understood that the geared portion 744 may have
other shapes. The geared portion 744 forms a bevel gear, which is
in driving engagement with the drive member 702 through the
plurality of drive pinions 714.
[0154] Each of the first variator ball assemblies 710 includes at
least a first variator ball 746 and a first variator axis 748,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 750 of
each of the first variator balls 746 is in contact with the
engagement end 722 of the first output ring 706 and the engagement
end 730 of the first input member 707. The first variator axis 748
is disposed through and coupled to the first variator ball 746. The
first variator axis 748 is rotatably and tiltably coupled to the
housing 715 and the first inner cage 704. Alternately, the first
variator ball 746 may be rotatably coupled to the first variator
axis 748 and the first variator axis 748 may be tiltably coupled to
the housing 715 and the first inner cage 704. The torque vectoring
device 700 includes at least three of the first variator ball
assemblies 710; however it is understood that the torque vectoring
device 700 may include more than three of the first variator ball
assemblies 710.
[0155] Each of the second variator ball assemblies 712 includes at
least a second variator ball 752 and a second variator axis 754,
which are formed from a hardened metal. An outer surface 756 of
each of the second variator balls 752 is in contact with the
engagement end 734 of the second output ring 708 and the engagement
end 742 of the second input member 709. The second variator axis
754 is disposed through and coupled to the second variator ball
752. The second variator axis 754 is rotatably and tiltably coupled
to the housing 715 and the second inner cage 705. Alternately, the
second variator ball 752 may be rotatably coupled to the second
variator axis 754 and the second variator axis 754 may be tiltably
coupled to the housing 715 and the second inner cage 705. The
torque vectoring device 700 includes at least three of the second
variator ball assemblies 712; however it is understood that the
torque vectoring device 700 may include more than three of the
second variator ball assemblies 712.
[0156] The plurality of drive pinions 714 is rotatably disposed
within the apertures 719 formed in the inner surface of the drive
member 702. The plurality of drive pinions 714 facilitates driving
engagement between the drive member 702 and the input members 707,
709. Each of the drive pinions 714 are gears formed from a metal.
The drive member 702 rotatably holds and drives the drive pinions
714 in an annular array. The plurality of drive pinions 714 are in
driving engagement with the geared portions 732, 744 of each of the
input members 707, 709.
[0157] The first actuator assembly 716 disposed within the housing
715 adjusts a position of the plurality of the first variator ball
assemblies 710 between the first inner cage 704 and the housing
715. The plurality of first variator ball assemblies 710 are
simultaneously and similarly moved by the first actuator assembly
716. As a non-limiting example, the first actuator assembly 716 may
be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed through a
central perforation formed in at least one of the first output ring
706, the first input member 707, the second output ring 708, and
the second input member 709. Alternately, it is understood that the
first actuator assembly 716 may be hydraulically, electrically, or
pneumatically actuated.
[0158] The second actuator assembly 718 disposed within the housing
715 adjusts a position of the plurality of second variator ball
assemblies 712 between the second inner cage 705 and the housing
715. The plurality of second variator ball assemblies 712 are
simultaneously and similarly moved by the second actuator assembly
718. As a non-limiting example, the second actuator assembly 718
may be mechanically actuated by a member (not shown) disposed
through a central perforation formed in at least one of the first
output ring 706, the first input member 707, the second output ring
708, and the second input member 709. Alternately, it is understood
that the second actuator assembly 718 may be hydraulically,
electrically, or pneumatically actuated.
[0159] The first output ring 706 and the second output ring 708 are
in driving engagement with the drive member 702 through the
plurality of drive pinions 714, the first input member 707, the
second input member 709, the first variator ball assemblies 710,
and the second variator ball assemblies 712. The plurality of drive
pinions 714 drives the first input member 707 and the second input
member 709, which drive the first variator ball assemblies 710 and
the second variator ball assemblies 712. The plurality of drive
pinions 714 ensures the first input member 707 and the second input
member 709 may rotate with respect to one another when the
differential function is needed.
[0160] To perform a torque vectoring function, the first actuator
assembly 716 and the second actuator assembly 718 cause the
variator axes 748, 754 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 710 and the second variator ball assemblies 712 to
change by a predetermined or a calculated amount in the same
direction. Such a change of the variator axes 748, 754 causes a
torque split between the first output ring 706 and the second
output ring 708 to be adjusted.
[0161] To perform a transmission function, the first actuator
assembly 716 and the second actuator assembly 718 cause the
variator axes 748, 754 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 710 and the second variator ball assemblies 712 to
change by an equal amount in opposing directions. Such a change of
the variator axes 748, 754 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 710 and the second variator ball assemblies 712 causes a
gear ratio of the first output ring 706 and the second output ring
708 to be adjusted with respect to the drive member 702.
[0162] The torque vectoring device 700 may also be placed in a
hybrid mode, where the transmission function and the torque
vectoring function are performed simultaneously. To place the
torque vectoring device 700 in the hybrid mode, the first actuator
assembly 716 and the second actuator assembly 718 cause the
variator axes 748, 754 of each of the first variator ball
assemblies 710 and the second variator ball assemblies 712 to
change by an unequal amount in either the same direction or in
opposing directions. Such a change of the variator axes 748, 754 of
each of the first variator ball assemblies 710 and the second
variator ball assemblies 712 causes a gear ratio of the first
output ring 706 and the second output ring 708 to be adjusted with
respect to the drive member 702 and a torque split between the
first output ring 706 and the second output ring 708 to be
adjusted.
[0163] In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes,
the present invention has been described in what is considered to
represent its preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted
that the invention can be practiced otherwise than as specifically
illustrated and described without departing from its spirit or
scope.
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