U.S. patent application number 14/587950 was filed with the patent office on 2016-06-30 for analgesic cleansing composition.
This patent application is currently assigned to The Dial Corporation. The applicant listed for this patent is The Dial Corporation. Invention is credited to Gabriel Garcia, Catherine Schmit.
Application Number | 20160184203 14/587950 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 56100372 |
Filed Date | 2016-06-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160184203 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Garcia; Gabriel ; et
al. |
June 30, 2016 |
ANALGESIC CLEANSING COMPOSITION
Abstract
Composition and methods are provided for analgesic cleansing
compositions, which may be either wash-off or leave-on cleansing
compositions. Such compositions comprise a number of surfactants
and a number of analgesic compounds, and may optionally comprise
antibacterial agents and/or a cosmetically suitable carrier. A
method of making an analgesic soap composition is also provided. A
method of using a wash-off analgesic cleansing composition is also
provided.
Inventors: |
Garcia; Gabriel; (Phoenix,
AZ) ; Schmit; Catherine; (Glendale, AZ) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
The Dial Corporation |
Phoenix |
AZ |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
The Dial Corporation
Phoenix
AZ
|
Family ID: |
56100372 |
Appl. No.: |
14/587950 |
Filed: |
December 31, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
14587414 |
Dec 31, 2014 |
|
|
|
14587950 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
424/401 ;
514/159 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61Q 19/10 20130101;
C11D 3/382 20130101; A61K 31/618 20130101; A61K 9/06 20130101; A61K
9/0014 20130101; C11D 3/2006 20130101; A61K 8/37 20130101; A61K
36/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/37 20060101
A61K008/37; A61K 8/11 20060101 A61K008/11; A61Q 19/10 20060101
A61Q019/10; A61K 31/618 20060101 A61K031/618 |
Claims
1. An analgesic cleansing composition, comprising: a cosmetically
suitable carrier including at least 50 wt. % of one or more
alcohols selected from the group consisting of isopropyl alcohol
and ethanol; and a leave-on cleansing composition, which comprises:
at least one surfactant; and at least one analgesic compound to
alleviate pain in a user.
2. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, in which the
cosmetically suitable carrier comprises ethanol.
3. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, in which the
cosmetically suitable carrier comprises isopropanol.
4. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, in which the
cosmetically suitable carrier further comprises water.
5. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, in which the at
least one surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant.
6. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, in which the at
least one analgesic compound comprises a topical analgesic compound
selected from Aleurites moluccanus bakoly seed oil, aluminum
acetate, benzyl alcohol, camphor, capsaicin, Capsicum frutescens
fruit, Capsicum frutescens resin, Cedrus deodora wood extract,
decursinol, diphenylhydramine, benzocaine, Ginkgo leaf terpenoids,
hydrocortisone, Juniperus communis sprout extract, Juniperus
oxycedrus wood tar, lauryl PEG-8 dimethicone, lidocaine, Meconopsis
horridula flower extract, menthol, methyl nicotinate, methyl
salicylate, ethyl salicylate, Ocimum tenuiflorum oil, Papaver
rhoeas seed extract, pentafluoropropane, phenol, Pinus palustris
resin extract, Piper longum fruit, Piper nigrum fruit, Piper nigrum
seed, pramocaine, Saposhnikovia divaricata root extract, humic
acid, turpentine, bendazac, benzyldamine, bufexamac, diethylamine
salicylate, etofenamate, felbinac, fepradinol, feprazone,
flufenamic acid, ibuprofen, imidazole salicylate, isonixin,
ketoprofen, nimesulide, phenylbutazone, piktoprofen, piroxicam,
proglumetacin, sadicylamide, salol, salicylic acid, suxibuzone,
ufenamate, or salts thereof.
7. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 6, in which the at
least one topical analgesic compound comprises methyl
salicylate.
8. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, in which a
concentration of the at least one analgesic compound is from 0.01%
to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the analgesic
cleansing composition.
9. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, further
comprising at least one additive selected from a natural polymer, a
synthetic polymer, a semi-synthetic polymer, an antibacterial
agent, a fragrance, a humectant, a dye, a pigment, an exfoliant, a
conditioning agent, a plant extract, plant matter, an essential
oil, an oil, a wax, a silicone oil, a silicone wax, a chelator, a
vitamin, a vitamin derivative, an alkali metal halide, and
combinations thereof.
10. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 9, in which at
least one of the at least one additive increases the viscosity of
the composition.
11. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 1, further
comprising a deposition aid.
12. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 11, in which the
deposition aid is cationally charged.
13. The analgesic cleansing composition of claim 11, in which the
deposition aid encapsulates the at least one analgesic
compound.
14. A method of producing an analgesic cleansing composition
comprising: combining at least one anionic surfactant with an
analgesic composition and a cosmetically suitable carrier to create
a mixture, in which the analgesic composition comprises at least
one topical analgesic compound; and mixing the mixture to
homogeneity to create an analgesic cleansing composition; in which:
the analgesic cleansing composition contains a sufficient amount of
the at least one topical analgesic compound to provide analgesia
upon contact with skin, and the cosmetically suitable carrier
comprises at least 50 wt. % of one or more alcohols selected from
the group consisting of isopropyl alcohol and ethanol.
15. The method of claim 14, in which the at least one topical
analgesic compound comprises a compound selected from Aleurites
moluccanus bakoly seed oil, aluminum acetate, benzyl alcohol,
camphor, capsaicin, Capsicum frutescens fruit, Capsicum frutescens
resin, Cedrus deodora wood extract, decursinol, diphenylhydramine,
benzocaine, Ginkgo leaf terpenoids, hydrocortisone, Juniperus
communis sprout extract, Juniperus oxycedrus wood tar, lauryl PEG-8
dimethicone, lidocaine, Meconopsis horridula flower extract,
menthol, methyl nicotinate, methyl salicylate, ethyl salicylate,
Ocimum tenuiflorum oil, Papaver rhoeas seed extract,
pentafluoropropane, phenol, Pinus palustris resin extract, Piper
longum fruit, Piper nigrum fruit, Piper nigrum seed, pramocaine,
Saposhnikovia divaricata root extract, humic acid, turpentine,
bendazac, benzyldamine, bufexamac, diethylamine salicylate,
etofenamate, felbinac, fepradinol, feprazone, flufenamic acid,
ibuprofen, imidazole salicylate, isonixin, ketoprofen, nimesulide,
phenylbutazone, piktoprofen, piroxicam, proglumetacin,
sadicylamide, salol, salicylic acid, suxibuzone, ufenamate, or
salts thereof.
16. The method of claim 15, in which the at least one topical
analgesic compound comprises methyl salicylate.
17. The method of claim 14, in which the analgesic cleansing
composition further comprises at least one additive selected from a
natural polymer, a synthetic polymer, a semi-synthetic polymer, an
antibacterial agent, a fragrance, a humectant, a deposition aid, a
dye, a pigment, an exfoliant, a conditioning agent, a plant
extract, plant matter, an essential oil, an oil, a wax, a silicone
oil, a silicone wax, a chelator, a vitamin, a vitamin derivative,
an alkali metal halide, and combinations thereof.
18-20. (canceled)
Description
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.
14/587,414, filed Dec. 31, 2014, the entire contents and substance
of which are hereby incorporated in total by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention generally relates to cleansing
compositions, and more particularly relates to the incorporation of
topical analgesics in cleansing compositions. The present invention
also relates to a method of incorporating a topical analgesic into
a soap preparation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Humans have been making soap since at least the times of
ancient Babylon. In the almost five millennia since humans started
making soap, the soap has taken a variety of forms and been used
for a variety of purposes, most of which have been cleansing
compositions.
[0004] Hand sanitizer compositions have been developed which have
antibacterial properties, and which are able to cleanse the hands
without the need for direct contact with water. Such hand
sanitizers may be alcohol- or water-based compositions, and allow a
user to cleanse their hands without the dehydrating effects on the
skin that have been associated with wash-off cleansing compositions
because such sanitizing compositions leave the natural oils on the
skin intact.
[0005] Soap bars are cleansing compositions that are in solid form
and as a consequence, do not require containers, cannot be spilled,
and are used incrementally. During use, an outer layer of a soap
bar is removed while leaving the layers underneath unaffected.
[0006] Liquid cleansing compositions--including liquid soaps--have
gained much popularity because the liquid form of the soap may
allow incorporation of a number of additive ingredients that
improve the rheological properties, antibacterial efficacy, foam
generation and other properties which cause liquid soaps to appeal
to consumers. Liquid cleansing compositions may be provided in
dispensers which may provide a consumer with the impression that
the liquid cleansing composition is not readily contaminated.
[0007] Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a cleansing
composition that may be used to cleanse a skin surface. In
addition, it is desirable to provide a cleansing composition that
has additional utility. Furthermore, other desirable features and
characteristics of the present invention will become apparent from
the subsequent detailed description of the invention and the
appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings and this background of the invention.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] A cleansing composition is provided for cleansing the skin
simultaneously with providing analgesic benefits to the sub-dermal
tissue. The analgesic cleansing composition includes a cosmetically
suitable carrier, at least one surfactant, and at least one
analgesic compound to alleviate pain in a user. The analgesic
cleansing composition is a liquid, and is also a leave-on cleansing
composition.
[0009] A method is provided for producing a cleansing composition
which contains an analgesic compound. The method includes combining
at least one anionic surfactant with an analgesic composition and a
cosmetically suitable carrier to create a mixture. The analgesic
composition includes at least one topical analgesic compound. The
method also includes mixing the mixture to homogeneity to create an
analgesic cleansing composition. The analgesic cleansing
composition contains a sufficient amount of the at least one
topical analgesic compound to provide analgesia upon contact with
skin.
[0010] A consumer product is provided to simultaneously cleanse the
skin and relieve muscle pain. The consumer product includes a
cosmetically suitable carrier, at least one surfactant to cleanse
the skin, and at least one analgesic compound to alleviate muscle
pain in a user. The consumer product is a liquid, is contained in a
vessel capable of dispensing the consumer product, and is also a
leave-on cleansing composition.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The present invention will hereinafter be described in
conjunction with the following drawing figures, wherein like
numerals denote like elements, and
[0012] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a container dispensing an analgesic
skin cleansing composition, according to an example of the
principles described herein.
[0013] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for making an analgesic
cleansing composition according to an example of the principles
described herein.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for using an analgesic
cleansing composition according to an example of the principles
described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0015] The following detailed description of the invention is
merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the
invention or the application and uses of the invention.
Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any theory
presented in the preceding background of the invention or the
following detailed description of the invention.
[0016] As mentioned above, cleansing compositions such as soaps and
hand sanitizers are used by individuals to cleanse or otherwise
sanitize their skin. Topical analgesic compositions have also been
used to provide relief from muscle and ligament soreness. However,
topical analgesics have been presumed to be slow-acting compounds,
and the efficacy of such compounds is based on the diffusion of the
active component across skin and into the underlying tissues.
Existing topical analgesic compositions are applied as leave-on
creams or gels, in order to allow more extended contact between the
skin and the analgesic compound than a wash-off composition would
allow. Such extended contact allows the analgesic compound to
diffuse across the skin and access the site of action, which may be
underneath the skin.
[0017] Accordingly, the present specification is directed to
combining analgesic benefits with cleansing compositions. These
compositions may take the form of a leave-on composition, and may
also take the form of a wash-off composition. The present
specification is directed to the surprising discovery that
analgesic compounds can be made effective even with a very short
contact period, such as that which would be expected of a wash-off
cleansing composition, or with a leave-on cleansing composition
prior to evaporation of the cosmetically suitable carrier.
[0018] More specifically, a wash-off cleansing composition may
contain at least one surfactant, which enables the wash-off
cleansing composition to be used to cleanse the skin of a user. A
wash-off cleansing composition may also contain at least one
analgesic compound, which enables the wash-off cleansing
composition to be used to relieve muscle pain of a user.
[0019] For individuals leading an active lifestyle, aches and pains
may be frequently experienced, and may even be an accepted facet of
such an active lifestyle. A number of products may exist which are
applied as leave-on compositions to the surface of the skin to
relieve muscle pain; such products contain analgesic compounds as
active agents. The analgesic compounds may be selected so that they
diffuse through the skin, and thus reach the site of action and
achieve the desired analgesic effect.
[0020] The present specification is directed to the surprising
discovery that analgesic compounds may be delivered in effective
quantities in a leave-on cleansing composition which is applied to
the surface of the skin. Previous work with topical analgesic
compounds has not included their use in cleansing compositions. The
cosmetically suitable carrier of topical analgesic compositions
serves to hold the topical analgesic compound in close proximity to
the skin in order to promote diffusion through the skin over an
extended contact period. Accordingly, the present specification is
directed to the surprising discovery that analgesic compounds may
be delivered in effective quantities in the brief duration prior to
evaporation of the cosmetically suitable carrier of a leave-on
cleansing composition. Similarly, while leave-on cleansing
compositions may produce a cooling effect due to the evaporation of
the cosmetically suitable carrier, these compositions have not been
able to provide fast or effective analgesia to the underlying
tissues.
[0021] Cleansing compositions according to the present
specification may be provided in a variety of forms. For example,
liquid surfactant compositions may be one type of cleansing
composition. As another example, solid surfactant compositions,
such as bar soaps, may be another type of cleansing
composition.
[0022] Surfactants may be included in the cleansing composition. A
cleansing composition according to the present specification may
also have analgesic properties, and may include at least one
analgesic compound. An analgesic cleansing composition according to
the present specification may also contain a number of other
additives, which will be discussed in greater detail below.
[0023] An analgesic cleansing composition according to the present
specification may include at least one surfactant. A surfactant may
have a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end. The hydrophobic end
may allow the surfactant to interact with uncharged molecules, such
as oils. The hydrophilic end may facilitate the interaction of the
molecule with charged or polar molecules, such as water. The
hydrophilic end may be used to classify surfactants, which may be
anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, or zwitterionic. Anionic
surfactants may have a negatively charged hydrophilic end. Examples
of anionic surfactants include sulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate,
phosphate, or the like. Anionic surfactants may be sensitive to
water hardness. Cationic surfactants may be those that have a
positively charged hydrophilic end, such as a quaternary amine.
Nonionic surfactants may have a hydrophilic end which may be charge
neutral, such as an ethoxylate, glycoside, or poly-ol; such
surfactants may not be sensitive to water hardness. Amphoteric
surfactants may be those that have a hydrophilic end which has a
functional group that is capable of acting as a base, and a
functional group that is capable of acting as an acid, such as
amine oxides. Zwitterionic surfactants may have both a positive and
negative charge on their hydrophilic ends, such as sultaines, or
betaines. The hydrophobic end may include a saturated or
unsaturated, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted,
cyclic or acyclic alkyl chain containing at least 8 carbon
atoms.
[0024] For the purposes of the present specification, "alkyl" may
refer to saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched, cyclic
or acyclic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chains of any
length. For example, alkyl may refer to saturated hydrocarbon
chains, such as lauryl groups (--C.sub.12H.sub.25), myristyl groups
(--C.sub.14H.sub.29), cetyl groups (--C.sub.16H.sub.33), stearyl
groups (--C.sub.18H.sub.37), isostearyl groups
(--C.sub.18H.sub.37), and the like. In another example, alkyl may
refer to unsaturated hydrocarbon chains, such as oleyl groups
(--C.sub.18H.sub.35), linoleyl groups (--C.sub.18H.sub.33), and the
like. In a further example, alkyl may refer to hydrocarbons bearing
additional heteroatom substituents, such as ricinoleyl groups
(--C.sub.18H.sub.35O), and the like. In a still further example,
alkyl may refer to hydrocarbons bearing cyclic groups, which may
optionally contain heteroatoms, such as dodecylbenzyl groups
(--C.sub.18H.sub.29), dodecylpyridinyl groups
(--C.sub.17H.sub.29N), and the like.
[0025] Anionic surfactants may include alkyl carboxylic acids,
alkyl ether carboxylic acids, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether
phosphates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates,
alkyl ether sulfonates, and salts thereof. In principle, any type,
number, or combination of anionic surfactants may be used in
compositions according to the present specification; selected
examples are provided below.
[0026] A soap may be included as an ingredient in the cleansing
composition. A soap may be a salt of an alkyl carboxylic acid. For
example, a soap may be an ammonia, alkali or alkaline earth metal
salt of a fatty carboxylic acid. A soap that is an alkaline earth
metal salt may be either a divalent salt of two fatty acid chains
or a single fatty acid chain and another anion, for example a
hydroxide ion (.sup.-OH).
[0027] Suitable non-limiting examples of soaps which may be used
according to the present specification include sodium, potassium or
lithium salts of caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic
acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid,
lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, oleic acid, myristoleic acid,
palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid,
linoleic acid, linolenic acid, isostearic acid, ricinoleic acid,
hydroxystearic acid, and dihydroxystearic acid.
[0028] Additional non-limiting examples of soaps which may be used
according to the present specification include soaps which are
prepared by saponification of triglycerides and that are not
purified to homogeneity. Such soaps may include, for example,
sodium, potassium and lithium soaps made from coconut oil, olive
oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, shea butter, cocoa butter, palm oil,
and avocado oil.
[0029] Soaps may be included in analgesic cleansing compositions
according to the present specification in concentrations ranging
from 0% to 95% by weight, relative to the total weight of the
composition. For example, a soap may be included in the analgesic
cleansing composition according to the present specification at a
concentration ranging from 30% to 90%. In another example, the
analgesic cleansing composition according to the present
specification may contain a soap at a concentration ranging from
45% to 85%. In a further example, a concentration of soap ranging
from 55% to 80% may be used in compositions according to the
present specification. In a still further example, a soap
concentration ranging from 65% to 75% may be used in compositions
according to the present specification. In another example, soaps
may be included in the analgesic cleansing composition according to
the present specification in concentrations ranging from 5% to 95%
by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. In
another example, soaps may be included in the analgesic cleansing
composition according to the present specification at
concentrations ranging from 4% to 10% by weight, relative to the
total weight of the composition. All of the above concentrations
are provided as percentages by weight, relative to the total weight
of the composition.
[0030] Another type of anionic surfactant which may be used
according to an example of the present specification is an alkyl
carboxylic acid type of surfactant. Alkyl carboxylic acids may be
fatty acids which are provided in the protonated (acid) form.
Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl carboxylic acids are the
soaps noted above when provided in the acid form.
[0031] Another type of anionic surfactant which may be used
according to an example of the present specification include alkyl
sulfates. Alkyl sulfates may also be used according to the present
specification as salts of ammonia, alkali or alkaline earth
metals.
[0032] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl sulfates which may
be used according to an example of the present specification
include lauryl sulfate, myristyl sulfate, cetyl sulfate, stearyl
sulfate, oleyl sulfate, linoleyl sulfate, isostearyl sulfate,
ricinoleyl sulfate, behenyl sulfate, and salts and/or mixtures
thereof. For example, sodium, potassium or ammonium salts of the
above alkyl sulfates may be used.
[0033] Another type of anionic surfactant which may be used
according to an example of the present specification include an
alkyl ether sulfate type of surfactant, which may be surface-active
agents which contain an ether linkage separating the alkyl group
from the sulfate group. In principle, any ether linkage of a diol
or polyol may be used. For example, ethylene or polyethylene glycol
ether linkages may be used. In another example, propylene or
polypropylene glycol ethers may be used. In a further example,
glyceryl or polyglyceryl ether linkages may be used. In a still
further example, butylene or polybutylene glycol ethers may be
used. Alkyl ether sulfates may be provided in either the protonated
form or as salts of ammonia, alkali or alkaline earth metals.
[0034] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl ether sulfates which
may be used according to an example of the present specification
include laureth-2 sulfate, laureth-3 sulfate, laureth-5 sulfate,
laureth-6 sulfate, laureth-10 sulfate, laureth-12 sulfate,
myristyl-2 sulfate, myristyl-5 sulfate, myristyl-10 sulfate,
cetyl-2 sulfate, cetyl-4 sulfate, cetyl-6 sulfate, cetyl-10
sulfate, stearyl-2 sulfate, stearyl-3 sulfate, stearyl-4 sulfate,
stearyl-12 sulfate, and mixtures and/or salts thereof.
[0035] Another type of anionic surfactant which may be used
according to an example of the present specification is an alkyl
ether carboxylic acid type of surfactant. Alkyl ether carboxylic
acids may be surface-active agents which have a carboxylic group as
the hydrophilic group, and an ether linkage between the carboxylic
acid group and the alkyl chain. In principle, any ether linkage of
a diol or polyol may be used. For example, ethylene or polyethylene
glycol ether linkages may be used. In another example, propylene or
polypropylene glycol ethers may be used. In a further example,
glyceryl or polyglyceryl ether linkages may be used. In a still
further example, butylene or polybutylene glycol ethers may be
used. Alkyl ether carboxylic acids may be provided in either the
protonated (acid) form, or as salts of ammonia, alkali or alkaline
earth metals.
[0036] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl ether carboxylic
acids include butoxynol-5 carboxylic acid, butoxynol-19 carboxylic
acid, capryleth-2 carboxylic acid, capryleth-4 carboxylic acid,
capryleth-6 carboxylic acid, capryleth-9 carboxylic acid,
ceteareth-2 carboxylic acid, ceteareth-10 carboxylic acid,
ceteareth-25 carboxylic acid, coceth-7 carboxylic acid, laureth-2
carboxylic acid, laureth-3 carboxylic acid, laureth-4 carboxylic
acid, laureth-5 carboxylic acid, laureth-6 carboxylic acid,
laureth-7 carboxylic acid, laureth-8 carboxylic acid, laureth-10
carboxylic acid, laureth-11 carboxylic acid, laureth-20 carboxylic
acid, myreth-2 carboxylic acid, myreth-3 carboxylic acid, myreth-4
carboxylic acid, myreth-5 carboxylic acid, myreth-6 carboxylic
acid, steareth-2 carboxylic acid, steareth-3 carboxylic acid,
steareth-4 carboxylic acid, steareth-5 carboxylic acid, steareth-6
carboxylic acid, oleth-2 carboxylic acid, oleth-4 carboxylic acid,
oleth-10 carboxylic acid, and mixtures and/or salts thereof.
[0037] Another type of anionic surfactant which may be used
according to an example of the present specification is an alkyl
sulfonate type of surfactant. Alkyl sulfonates may be
surface-active agents which have an alkyl group directed linked to
the sulfur of the sulfonate group. Alkyl sulfonates may also be
provided as salts of ammonia, alkali or alkaline earth metals.
[0038] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl sulfonate type
surfactants which may be used in accordance with an example of the
present specification include dodecylbenzenesulfonate, C13-17
alkane sulfonate, C14-18 alkane sulfonate,
cocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, C12-14 olefin sulfonate, C14-16
olefin sulfonate, C16-18 olefin sulfonate, and mixtures and/or
salts thereof.
[0039] Another type of anionic surfactant which may be used
according to an example of the present specification is an alkyl
phosphate type of surfactant. Alkyl phosphates may be surfactants
bearing a phosphate group as the hydrophilic group, and may contain
one or more alkyl groups. Alkyl phosphates may be provided in
either the protonated form or as an ammonia, alkali or alkaline
earth metal salt.
[0040] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl phosphate
surfactants which may be used in accordance with an example of the
present specification include phospholipid EFA (linoleamidopropyl
PG-dimonium chloride phosphate), phospholipid PTC (cocamidopropyl
PG-dimonium chloride phosphate), phospholipid CDM (sodium coco
PG-dimonium chloride phosphate), phospholipid SV (stearamidopropyl
PG-dimonium chloride phosphate), phospholipid GLA (sodium
borageamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate), lauryl
phosphate, dilauryl phosphate, myristyl phosphate, dimyristyl
phosphate, cetyl phosphate, dicetyl phosphate, stearyl phosphate,
distearyl phosphate, behenyl phosphate, dibehenyl phosphate, oleyl
phosphate, dioleyl phosphate, and salts and/or mixtures
thereof.
[0041] Another type of anionic surfactant which may be used
according to an example of the present specification is an alkyl
ether phosphate type of surfactant. Alkyl ether phosphates may be
surface-active agents bearing an ether linkage between one or more
alkyl groups and the phosphate group. In principle, any ether
linkage of a diol or polyol may be used. For example, ethylene or
polyethylene glycol ether linkages may be used. In another example,
propylene or polypropylene glycol ethers may be used. In a further
example, glyceryl or polyglyceryl ether linkages may be used. In a
still further example, butylene or polybutylene glycol ethers may
be used. Alkyl ether phosphates may be provided in either their
protonated form or as an ammonia, alkali or alkaline earth metal
salt.
[0042] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl ether phosphates
include PPG-5-ceteth-10 phosphate, oleth-3 phosphate, oleth-10
phosphate, and mixtures and/or salts thereof.
[0043] Anionic surfactants may be included in compositions
according to the present specification separately from soaps, and
may be included in amounts ranging from 0% to 50% by weight. For
example, concentrations of the anionic surfactants other than soaps
may range from 1% to 20%. Still further concentrations of the
anionic surfactants other than soaps may range from 1.5% to 10%.
All concentrations are provided as a percentage by weight, relative
to the total weight of the composition.
[0044] Compositions according to an example of the present
specification may also contain nonionic surfactants. For example,
the composition may include alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkoxylated
fatty esters, alkanolamides, alkyl glycosides, and combinations
thereof.
[0045] Alkoxylated fatty alcohols may be incorporated in
compositions according to the present specification as a nonionic
surfactant. Alkoxylated fatty alcohols may be condensation products
of a number of alkoxy groups with a fatty alcohol. In principle,
any type or number of alkoxy groups may be used. For example,
ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol, propylene or polypropylene
glycol, glyceryl or polyglyceryl, butylene or polybutylene glycol
may be used. In a further example, combinations of the above may be
used, such as a combination of polyethylene glycol and
polypropylene glycol, as either a random- or block-condensation
product.
[0046] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkoxylated fatty alcohols
for use in compositions according to the present specification are
ceteth-10, ceteth-15, ceteth-20, ceteth-25, ceteth-50, ceteth-100,
ceteareth-10, ceteareth-15, ceteareth-20, ceteareth-25, steareth-2,
steareth-10, steareth-20, steareth-25, steareth-100, laureth-10,
trideceth-10, PEG-4-PPG-7 C13/15 alcohol, PPG-8-ceteth-5,
PPG-4-laureth-5, and combinations thereof.
[0047] Another type of nonionic surfactant which may be used in
compositions according to an example of the present specification
is an alkoxylated fatty ester type of surfactant. Alkoxylated fatty
esters may be esters of fatty acids with one or more alkoxy groups.
In principle, any type or number of alkoxy groups may be used. For
example, ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol, propylene or
polypropylene glycol, glyceryl or polyglyceryl, butylene or
polybutylene glycol may be used. In a further example, combinations
of the above may be used, such as a combination of glyceryl and
polyethylene glycol.
[0048] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkoxylated fatty esters
include glyceryl stearate, glyceryl cetate, PEG-2 laurate, PEG-4
laurate, PEG-10 laurate, PEG-20 laurate, PEG-2-PPG-5 laurate, PEG-2
stearate, PEG-20 stearate, PEG-100 stearate, PPG-2 isostearate,
PPG-15 isostearate, PPG-15 stearate, and the like.
[0049] Another type of nonionic surfactant which may be used in
compositions according to the present specification is an
alkanolamide type of surfactant.
[0050] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkanolamides which may be
used in compositions according to the present specification include
coco monoethanolamide (MEA), coco diethanolamide (DEA), lauryl MEA,
lauryl DEA, myristyl MEA, myristyl DEA, cetyl MEA, cetyl DEA,
stearyl MEA, stearyl DEA, oleyl MEA, oleyl DEA, and combinations
thereof.
[0051] Another type of nonionic surfactant which may be used in
compositions according to the present specification is an alkyl
glycoside type of surfactant. Alkyl glycosides may be condensation
products of fatty alcohols with a number of sugars.
[0052] While each molecule of an alkyl glycoside contains an
integer number of sugars, the ensemble average may be a noninteger
number. For example, an alkyl glycoside surfactant could contain
glucose as the sugar, and could be included as a mixture of
compounds with 2, 3, 4 and 5 glucose units, such that the ensemble
average contains 3.4 glucose units.
[0053] Suitable non-limiting examples of alkyl glycosides which may
be used in compositions according to an example of the present
specification include coco glucoside and lauryl glucoside.
[0054] Nonionic surfactants may be incorporated into compositions
according to the present specification at concentrations ranging
from 0% to 50% by weight. For example, a composition according to
the present specification may contain at least one nonionic
surfactant at a concentration ranging from 0.01% to 15% by weight.
In another example, a composition according to the present
specification may contain a nonionic surfactant at a concentration
ranging from 0.1% to 10% by weight. In a further example, a
composition according to the present specification may contain a
nonionic surfactant at a concentration ranging from 0.1% to 5% by
weight. All of the above concentrations are provided as weight
percentages, relative to the total weight of the composition.
[0055] Compositions according to the present specification may also
include cationic surfactants. Cationic surfactants may be any
surfactant that contains a positive charge and does not contain a
negative charge, such as, for example, quaternary ammonium salt
surfactants and tertiary ammonia surfactants (which may form a
quaternary ammonium surfactant in compositions with a pH of less
than about 9). Additional types of cationic surfactants which may
be used in compositions according to the present specification
include esterquat and amidoamine surfactants.
[0056] Suitable non-limiting examples of cationic surfactants which
may be used in compositions according to the present specification
include cetrimonium chloride, cetrimonium methosulfate,
steartrimonium chloride, steartrimonium methosulfate,
behentrimonium chloride, behentrimonium methosulfate,
arachidtrimonium chloride, arachidtrimonium methosulfate,
stearamidopropyl trimonium chloride, behenamidopropyl trimonium
methosulfate, N,N-dimethylstearylamine, N,N-dimethylcetylamine, and
the like.
[0057] Cationic surfactants may be incorporated in compositions
according to the present specification in concentrations ranging
from 0% to 50% by weight, for example from 0.01% to 15% by weight.
In another example, cationic surfactants may be included at
concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 10% by weight. In a further
example, cationic surfactants may be included in compositions
according to the present specification at concentrations ranging
from 1% to 5% by weight. A still further example may contain
cationic surfactants in a composition according to the present
specification in the range of 0.1% to 2% by weight, with all
weights being relative to the total weight of the composition.
[0058] Compositions according to examples the present specification
may also include amphoteric surfactants, which may be surfactants
which have a hydrophilic part which has both acidic and basic
hydrophilic groups and which behaves in an acidic or basic manner,
depending on the conditions. Unlike zwitterionic surfactants,
amphoteric surfactants do not permanently bear a charge. Amphoteric
surfactants may include surfactants based on aliphatic amines
having carboxy, sulfo or phosphono side chains. Amphoteric
surfactants include such surfactants as N-alkyl glycines, N-alkyl
propionic acids, N-alkyl aminobutyric acids, N-alkyl taurines,
N-alkyl sarcosines, and amine oxide surfactants.
[0059] Suitable non-limiting examples of amphoteric surfactants
which may be included in compositions according to the present
invention include lauryldimethylamine oxide, disodium
capryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodium
lauroamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, and
combinations thereof.
[0060] Amphoteric surfactants may be included in compositions
according to the present specification at concentrations ranging
from 0% to 50% by weight. For example, a composition according to
the present specification may contain an amphoteric surfactant at a
concentration ranging from 0.01% to 25% by weight. In another
example, a composition according to the present specification may
contain an amphoteric surfactant at a concentration ranging from
0.1% to 15% by weight. In a further example, one or more amphoteric
surfactants may be present in a composition according to the
present specification at a concentration ranging from 1% to 10% by
weight. In a still further example, an amphoteric surfactant may be
present in a composition according to the present specification at
a concentration ranging from 0.1% to 5% by weight, with all weights
being relative to the total weight of the composition.
[0061] Compositions according to the present specification may also
include zwitterionic surfactants. Zwitterionic surfactants may be
surfactants which bear both a positive charge and a negative
charge. Some types of zwitterionic surfactants are capable of
forming intramolecular salts. Zwitterionic surfactants include the
betaine type of surfactants as well as the sultaine type of
surfactants.
[0062] Suitable non-limiting examples of zwitterionic surfactants
which may be included in compositions according to the present
specification include cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl
sultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, laurylamidopropyl
betaine, laurylamidopropyl sultaine, stearylamidopropyl betaine,
oleyl betaine, myristyl betaine, stearyl betaine, cetyl betaine,
and the like. Combinations of the above are also suitable for
incorporation into compositions according to the present
specification.
[0063] Zwitterionic surfactants may be included in compositions
according to an example of the present specification at
concentrations ranging from 0% to 50% by weight. For example, a
composition according to the present specification may contain a
zwitterionic surfactant at a concentration ranging from 0.01% to
25% by weight. In another example, a composition according to the
present specification may contain a zwitterionic surfactant at a
concentration ranging from 0.1% to 15% by weight. In a further
example, one or more zwitterionic surfactants may be present in a
composition according to the present specification at a
concentration ranging from 1% to 10% by weight. In a still further
example, a zwitterionic surfactant may be present in a composition
according to the present specification at a concentration ranging
from 0.1% to 5% by weight, with all weights being relative to the
total weight of the composition.
[0064] Compositions according to the present specification may
additionally include at least one analgesic compound. An analgesic
compound may be any compound which provides relief from pain.
Analgesic compounds include, but are not limited to, anesthetic
compounds which produce relief from pain by removing sensation.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be
considered analgesic compounds, and may include COX-2 inhibitors,
as well as other NSAIDs. Opioids may be another type of analgesic
compound.
[0065] Analgesic compounds may be topically applied. In other
words, topical analgesics may be compounds which produce analgesia
when applied topically to the skin. Topical analgesics diffuse
through the skin to the site of action, and may act on the nerves
that sense muscle pain, joint pain, or a number of other types of
pain. Topical analgesic compounds may also include compounds which
cannot diffuse across the skin, but may act as local analgesics. A
particular analgesic compound may be topical due to the composition
which is used to administer the analgesic compound. For example,
diclofenac may be administered orally to produce systemic
analgesia, but may also be formulated into a cream as a topical
analgesic.
[0066] Compositions according to the present specification may
include at least one topical analgesic compound. Non-limiting
examples of topical analgesic compounds may include bendazac,
benzyldamine, bufexamac, diethylamine salicylate, etofenamate,
felbinac, fepradinol, feprazone, flufenamic acid, ibuprofen,
imidazole salicylate, isonixin, ketoprofen, nimesulide,
phenylbutazone, piketoprofen, piroxicam, proglumetacin,
sadicylamide, salol, salicylic acid, suxibuzone, ufenamate, and
combinations and/or salts thereof.
[0067] Additional non-limiting examples of topical analgesic
compounds which may be used in accordance with the present
specification include Aleurites moluccanus bakoly seed oil, Aloe
barbadensis leaf extract, aluminum acetate, benzyl alcohol,
camphor, capsaicin, Capsicum frutescens fruit, Capsicum frutescens
resin, Cedrus deodora wood extract, decursinol, diphenylhydramine,
benzocaine, Ginkgo leaf terpenoids, hydrocortisone, Juniperus
communis sprout extract, Juniperus oxycedrus wood tar, lauryl PEG-8
dimethicone, lidocaine, Meconopsis horridula flower extract,
menthol, methyl nicotinate, methyl salicylate, ethyl salicylate,
Ocimum tenuiflorum oil, Papaver rhoeas seed extract,
pentafluoropropane, phenol, Pinus palustris resin extract, Piper
longum fruit, Piper nigrum fruit, Piper nigrum seed, pramocaine,
Saposhnikovia divaricata root extract, humic acid, turpentine, and
combinations and/or salts thereof.
[0068] The at least one analgesic compound may be included in
compositions according to the present specification at
concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 30% by weight. For example
from 0.1 to 25% by weight. In another example, a composition
according to the present specification may contain at least one
analgesic compound at a concentration ranging from 0.5 to 10% by
weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. A still
further example may contain at least one analgesic compound at a
concentration within the range of from 0.1% to 5% by weight,
relative to the total weight of the composition.
[0069] Compositions according to the present specification may also
include a number of additive ingredients. Such additive ingredients
may include a natural polymer, a synthetic polymer, a
semi-synthetic polymer, an antibacterial agent, a fragrance, a
humectant, a dye, a pigment, an exfoliant, a conditioning agent, a
plant extract, plant matter, an essential oil, an oil, a wax, a
silicone, a silicone wax, a chelator, a vitamin, an alkali metal
halide, and combinations thereof. The inclusion of a component
which is already listed above as an additive may refer to the
inclusion of an additional compound within the provided class. A
brief, non-limiting description of each type of additive
follows.
[0070] Natural polymers may be polymers which are assembled
enzymatically as a natural result of biological processes. Natural
polymers may be added to an example of compositions according to
the present specification as thickeners, natural conditioners,
emulsion stabilizers, or to confer other such properties to the
composition. Such natural polymers may be extracted from natural
sources. Non-limiting examples of natural polymers include
sugar-based polymers (for example, cellulose), polymers of modified
sugar units such as nucleic acid chains, proteinaceous polymers
(for example, silk, keratin, and collagen), and combinations
thereof. Natural polymers may be in a variety of lengths, and may
remain natural polymers according to the present specification if
the length of the polymer is adjusted chemically after extraction
of the polymer. For example, hydrolyzed keratin may be a natural
polymer according to the present specification, although the
hydrolysis of the keratin may be carried out following extraction
of the keratin from natural sources. Examples of natural polymers
include honey, cellulose and xanthan gum.
[0071] Synthetic polymers may be polymers which are assembled from
monomeric units by synthetic processes. Synthetic polymers may be
added an example of compositions according to the present
specification as thickeners, conditioners, deposition aids,
emulsion stabilizers, or to confer other such properties to a
composition according to the present specification. Non-limiting
examples of synthetic polymers which may be used in compositions
according to the present specification include carbomer,
acrylates/acrylamide copolymers, acrylamidopropyltrimonium
chloride/acrylates copolymers, polyethylene glycol polymers,
polypropylene glycol polymers, polyquaternium-1, polyquaternium-2,
polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-11,
polyquaternium-15, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-28, and
combinations thereof.
[0072] Semi-synthetic polymers may be polymers which involve both
natural components and synthetic components. Semi-synthetic
polymers may be added to an example of compositions according to
the present specification as thickeners, conditioners, emulsion
stabilizers, deposition aids, or to provide other such properties
to a composition according to the present specification.
Semi-synthetic polymers may be chemically modified natural
polymers; semi-synthetic polymers may also be synthetically
assembled polymers of natural monomer units. Non-limiting examples
of semi-synthetic polymers which may be used in compositions
according to the present specification include hydroxyethyl
cellulose, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose (which may be called
polyquaternium-10), quaternized protein hydrolysates, crosslinked
protein hydrolysates, and combinations thereof.
[0073] Compositions according to the present specification may also
include at least one antibacterial agent. An antibacterial agent
may be any agent which assists in the removal of bacteria, kills
bacteria, or arrests bacterial growth. Any given antibacterial
agent may belong to one or more than one of the aforementioned
classes.
[0074] Suitable non-limiting examples of antibacterial agents
include antiseptics, triclosan, benzethonium salts, benzalkonium
salts, compounds which inhibit the 70S (bacterial) ribosome,
compounds which reduce the integrity of the bacterial cell wall,
and compounds which sequester nutrients--for example, metal
ions--that bacteria require. Additional non-limiting examples of
antibacterial agents include ethanol, isopropanol, aminoglycosides
(such as neomycin), cephalosporins (such as cefalexin),
lincosamides (such as lincomycin), tetracyclines (such as
doxycycline), penicillins (such as amoxicillin), chelating agents
(such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), and combinations
thereof.
[0075] Fragrances may be components or compositions which may
produce an olfactory sensation in an individual. Fragrances may
contain a single component; fragrances may also be mixtures of
multiple separate components. Non-limiting examples of fragrance
components which may be used in compositions according to the
present specification include aldehydes, ketones, aromatic
hydrocarbons, aromatic alcohols and combinations thereof. Examples
of fragrance ingredients may include alpha-hexyl cinnamal,
vanillin, citral, eugenol, geraniol, limonene, and citronellol.
[0076] Humectants may be hygroscopic substances, or substances
which attract water. Humectants may be added to an example of
compositions according to the present specification in order to
maintain moisture on the skin to which the analgesic cleansing
composition is applied. Non-limiting examples of humectants which
may be used in compositions according to the present specification
may include polyols, urea, honey, aloe vera gels, glycerol,
sorbitol, glycols, propylene glycol, and butylene glycol.
[0077] Dyes and pigments may be compounds which confer color to a
composition or a surface to which a composition of the present
specification is applied. Dyes and pigments may be added to an
example of compositions according to the present specification in
order to imbue the composition with a consumer-acceptable color.
Non-limiting examples of dyes and pigments which may be used in
compositions according to the present specification include
titanium dioxide, mica, violet 2, red 4, red 6, red 7, red 33, red
40, blue 1, blue 4, yellow 5, yellow 6, yellow 10, orange 4, orange
5, orange 10, and combinations thereof.
[0078] Exfoliants may be particles which are non-dissolvable solids
which may be dispersed throughout an example of compositions
according to the present specification in order to act as an
abrasive when the composition is used to cleanse the skin. The
abrasive properties of the exfoliating particles may act to remove
dead skin cells from the surface of the skin in order to allow
deeper action of the at least one surfactant, promote regeneration
of the skin, and provide more facile diffusion of the at least one
analgesic compound across the skin to the site of action. Suitable
non-limiting examples of exfoliants which may be used in
compositions according to the present specification include
actinidia chinensis (kiwi) seed, alumina, aluminum iron silicates,
aluminum silicate, amethyst powder, amorphophallus konjac root
powder, arachis hypogaea (peanut) flour, attapulgite, avena sativa
(oat) bran, avena sativa (oat) kernel flour, avena sativa (oat)
kernel meal, bambusa arundinacea stem powder, calcium carbonate,
calcium phosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, calcium sulfate, carya
illinoensis (pecan) shell powder, chalk, chitin, citrus tangerina
(tangerine) peel, cocos nucifera (coconut) shell powder, colloidal
oatmeal, conchiolin powder, coral powder, corylus avellana (hazel)
shell powder, diamond powder, diatomaceous earth, dicalcium
phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, dolomite, egg shell
powder, eijitsu, elguea clay, emerald, fragaria vesca (strawberry)
seed, fuller's earth, glycine soja (soybean) flour, helianthus
annuus (sunflower) seed meal, hordeum distichon (barley) seed
flour, hordeum vulgare powder, hordeum vulgare seed flour, hydrated
silica, hydroxyapatite, illite, juglans mandshurica (walnut) shell
powder, juglans regia (walnut) shell powder, kaolin, kurumi kaku,
lauryl acrylate/VA crosspolymer, lithothamnium calcarum powder,
lithoammium corallioides powder, loess, luffa cylindrica fruit,
magnesium potassium fluorosilicate, magnesium sodium
fluorosilicate, magnesium trisilicate, melaleuca alternifolia leaf
powder, microcrystalline cellulose, montmorillonite, moroccan lava
clay, mother of pearl, myristyl betaine, oenothera biennis (evening
primrose) seed, olea europaea (olive) fruit, olea europaea (olive)
husk powder, olea europaea (olive) seed powder, oryza sativa (rice)
bran, oryza sativa (rice) germ powder, oubaku, oyster shell powder,
papaver soniferum seed, perlite, persea gratissima (avocado) fruit
powder, phaseolus radiatus seed starch, platinum powder,
polyethylene, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, prunus amygdalus
dulcis (sweet almond) seed meal, prunus amygdalus dulcis (sweet
almond) shell powder, prunus armeniaca (apricot) seed powder,
prunus mume fruit, prunus persica (peach) seed powder, pumice,
quartz, rubus idaeus (raspberry) seed, salt mine mud, sand, sea
salt, secale cereale (rye) seed flour, silica, sodium bicarbonate,
sodium hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, sodium magnesium
fluorosilicate, sodium silicoaluminate, symphytum officinale leaf
powder, talc, theobroma cacao (cocoa) shell powder, tin oxide,
titanium oxynitride, topaz, touki, tricalcium phosphate, triticum
vulgare (wheat) bran, triticum vulgare (wheat) germ powder,
triticum vulgare (wheat) kernel flour, triticum vulgare (wheat)
starch, vaccinium angustifolium (blueberry) seed, vaccinium
macrocarpon (cranberry) seed, volcanic ash, wood powder, yokuinin,
zea mays (corn) cob meal, zea mays (corn) cob powder, zea mays
(corn) kernel meal, zea mays (corn) seed flour, zea mays (corn)
starch, zirconium silicate, or combinations thereof.
[0079] Conditioning agents may be components which act to preserve
existing moisture by creating a hydrophobic barrier between the
moisturized skin and the air, and may be incorporated into an
example of compositions according to the present specification for
this purpose. Non-limiting examples of conditioning agents include
the polyquaternium class of polymers, fatty alcohols and
polyols.
[0080] Plant extracts may be natural compounds or mixtures of
compounds produced in a plant which contain a number of agents that
have either a real or perceived benefit to the skin, or to the
composition as a whole. The inclusion of some plant extracts may
improve consumer acceptance of a cleansing composition on the basis
of these benefits, or a consumer preference for naturally produced
compositions over synthetically produced compositions. Plant
extracts may include oils, fragrance ingredients, fatty acids,
and/or various other components depending on the extraction methods
employed and any subsequent processing that is performed.
Non-limiting plant extracts which may be used in compositions
according to the present specification may include Ocimum basilicum
extract, Calendula officinalis extract, Matricaria chamomilla
extract, Oenothera biennis extract, Zingiber officinale extract,
Jasminum extracts, Lavandula angustifolia extract,
Mentha.times.piperita extract, Rosmarinus officinalis extract, Rosa
extracts, Hypericum perforatum extract, Syringa vulgaris extract,
and combinations thereof.
[0081] Plant matter may be plant material which may be incorporated
into an example of compositions according to the present
specification. Such plant material may provide abrasive properties
as exfoliants, fragrance properties, or as a thickener. The
incorporation of plant material into cleansing compositions may
improve consumer acceptance, which may be based on the perception
of the natural qualities of the compositions including plant
matter. Non-limiting examples of plant matter which may be
incorporated in compositions according to the present specification
include whole flowers, flower petals, stems, seeds, roots, and
fruits. Non-limiting examples of plant sources which may provide
the plant matter include Citrus plants, Malus domestica plants,
Hypericum perforatum plants, and Zingiber officinale plants.
[0082] Essential oils may be a particular type of plant extract,
which may include volatile aroma compounds from the plant from
which the essential oil is extracted. The extraction methods used
may determine the composition of the essential oil. Possible
extraction methods may include steam distillation, pressure,
solvent extraction with organic solvents, solvent extraction with
carbon dioxide, and oil extractions, for example. In principle, any
type of plant may be used to prepare an essential oil, such as
Ocimum basilicum essential oil, Calendula officinalis essential
oil, Matricaria chamomilla essential oil, Oenothera biennis
essential oil, Zingiber officinale essential oil, Jasminum
essential oils, Lavandula angustifolia essential oil,
Mentha.times.piperita essential oil, Rosmarinus officinalis
essential oil, Rosa essential oils, Hypericum perforatum essential
oil, and Syringa vulgaris essential oil.
[0083] Oils may be neutral, nonpolar substances that are viscous
liquids at standard ambient temperature and pressure (1 atmosphere
pressure, 25.degree. Celsius). Oils may be included in an example
of compositions according to the present specification in order to
act as conditioning agents, or to replenish natural oils on the
skin. Oils may include triglycerides, fatty alcohols, and mineral
oils. Mineral oils may be oils that are prepared by distillation
from crude oil. Non-limiting examples of oils which may be suitable
for use in compositions according to the present specification
include olive oil, vegetable oil, rapeseed oil, paraffinum
liquidum, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol,
octyldodecanol, oleyl alcohol, sunflower oil, corn oil, palm oil,
soybean oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, and
combinations thereof.
[0084] Waxes may be compounds which have a large fatty content, and
are solid at standard ambient temperature and pressure. Waxes may
be malleable at standard ambient temperature and pressure. Waxes
may have a melting point at or above about 45.degree. Celsius (C).
Waxes may be included in an example of compositions according to
the present specification in order to improve rheological
properties, act as conditioning agents, or to provide other such
properties to the composition. Waxes include fatty esters, fatty
ethers, hydrocarbons, primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, ketones
and aldehydes. Waxes may be alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes, and may
be aromatic, anti-aromatic or aliphatic. Waxes may be derived from
plants, animals, or crude oil. Non-limiting examples of waxes which
may be used in compositions according to the present specification
include cetyl palmitate, lanolin, myricyl palmitate, Carnauba wax,
candelilla wax, beeswax, montan wax, paraffin wax, and combinations
thereof.
[0085] Silicone oils may be neutral compounds that are liquids at
standard temperature and pressure. Silicone oils may be a type of
oil, and may be included in an example of compositions according to
the present specification for the same reasons noted above for
oils. Silicone oils may be saturated with hydrocarbon components
along a siloxy backbone, which may correspond to the
Si--(O--Si).sub.n chain. Silicone oils may also have functional
groups incorporated therein. Such functional groups may include
amines and alcohols. Non-limiting examples of silicone oils which
may be incorporated in compositions according to the present
specification include dimethicone, cyclomethicone, dimethiconol,
PEG-12 dimethicone, PEG-8 dimethicone, amodimethicone, alkyl
methicones, and combinations thereof.
[0086] Silicone waxes may be silicone compounds which are solid at
standard ambient temperature and pressure. Silicone waxes may be a
type of waxes, and may be included in an example of compositions
according to the present specification for the same reasons noted
above for waxes. Silicone oils may have a melting point at or above
about 45.degree. C. Non-limiting examples of silicone waxes which
may be used in compositions according to the present specification
include alkyl methicones, Silwax A-08, Silwax C, Silwax D-02,
Silwax F, Silwax S, and combinations thereof.
[0087] Chelators may be compounds which coordinate metal ions.
Chelators may be included in an example of compositions according
to the present specification as antibacterial agents,
preservatives, pH regulators, or to provide other such properties
to the composition. Non-limiting examples of chelators which may be
used in compositions according to the present specification include
natural polyacids (such as citric acid), phosphate salts (such as
disodium pyrophosphate), bisphosphonates (such as etridronic acid),
aminocarboxylic acids (such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
(EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DPTA),
ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS),
ethylenediamine-N,N'-diglutaric acid (EDDG),
glycinamide-N,N'-disuccinic acid (GADS), and
ethylenediamine-N,N'-bis(ortho-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid) (EDDHA)),
and combinations and/or salts thereof.
[0088] Vitamins may be organic compounds which an organism may
require in limited quantities, and which the organism that may
require the vitamin cannot synthesize from other precursors.
Vitamins, or vitamin derivatives, may be included in an example of
compositions according to the present specification as conditioning
agents, preservatives, antioxidants, or to improve consumer
acceptance of the composition. Non-limiting examples of vitamins
which may be used in compositions according to the present
specification include vitamin A (retinol), vitamin B6 (pyroxidine),
vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), vitamin C
(ascorbic acid), vitamin E (tocopherols), and vitamin K
(phylloquinone). For the purposes of the present specification,
"vitamin" also includes derivatives and stereoisomers of vitamins,
such as polyoxypropylene (2) polyoxyethylene (5) tocopherol ether,
and isoascorbic acid.
[0089] Alkali metal halides may be salts of alkali metals and
halogen atoms. Alkali metal halides may be included in an example
of compositions according to the present specification as
thickeners, ionic strength modulators, or to confer other such
properties to the composition. Alkali metal halides may be neutral
compounds. Non-limiting examples of alkali metal halides which may
be used in compositions according to the present specification
include lithium fluoride, lithium chloride, lithium bromide,
lithium iodide, sodium fluoride, sodium chloride, sodium bromide,
sodium iodide, potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, potassium
bromide, potassium iodide, and combinations thereof.
[0090] Additives may be incorporated into compositions according to
the present specification at concentrations ranging from 0% to 30%
by weight. For example, from 0.01% to 20% by weight. In another
example, additives may be incorporated into compositions according
to the present specification at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to
10% by weight. The percentages by weight are relative in each case
to the total weight of the composition.
[0091] Compositions according to the present specification may also
include a deposition aid. A deposition aid may be a compound or
macromolecular structure that assists in the deposition of the
analgesic compound on the skin. Because the skin may be negatively
charged, the deposition aid may be positively charged. In another
example, the deposition aid is uncharged. In still another example,
the deposition aid is zwitterionic, having both positive and
negative charges. Deposition aids may come in a variety of forms,
including cationic polymers and encapsulants. Non-limiting examples
of cationic polymer deposition aids which may be used in
compositions according to the present specification include
polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, and the
like. Encapsulants may be another type of deposition aid, and may
encapsulate at least one analgesic compound by providing a shell.
The size of the encapsulant may be determined in order to provide
enhanced deposition on the skin. For example, the encapsulant may
be 10 nanometers (nm) in diameter. In another example, the
encapsulant may be 20 nm in diameter. In another example, the
encapsulant may be 100 nm in diameter. In still another example,
the encapsulant may be from 150 to 200 nm in diameter.
[0092] Deposition aids may also assist the deposition of the
analgesic compound onto the skin by a reversible tethering
mechanism. For example, a deposition aid may be attached to the
analgesic compound by an ester bond, which may be chosen so as to
be readily hydrolyzed in an alkaline environment. The deposition
aid may be attracted to the skin by charge-charge interactions,
where the analgesic compound may be hydrolyzed from the
encapsulation aid by an esterase or hydroxide ion. Such a
deposition aid may provide a high local concentration of the
analgesic compound on the surface of the skin, and as a result may
increase the quantity of analgesic compound which is able to
diffuse through the skin to the site of action.
[0093] Deposition aids may be used in compositions according to the
present specification at concentrations ranging from 0.001% to 30%
by weight. For example, a deposition aid may be present in a
composition according to the present specification at a
concentration ranging from 0.01% to 20% by weight. In another
example, a deposition aid may be present in a composition according
to the present specification at a concentration ranging from 0.1%
to 10% by weight. In a still further example, a deposition aid may
be incorporated in a composition according to the present
specification at a concentration range of from 0.5% to 5% by
weight. In each case, the weight percent is relative to the total
weight of the composition.
[0094] The wash-off analgesic cleansing composition according to
the present specification may be provided in the form of a solid or
a liquid. A solid wash-off analgesic cleansing composition
according to the present specification may take the form of a bar
soap. A liquid wash-off cleansing composition according to the
present specification may take the form of a liquid hand soap,
liquid body soap, liquid shampoo composition or a liquid
conditioner composition. For the purposes of the present
specification, "liquid" may be used generally to refer to a fluid,
and is meant to include both creams and gels, as well as foamable
liquids.
[0095] Turning now to the figures, FIG. 1 is a diagram of an
exemplary container (100) dispensing an analgesic cleansing
composition (104) according to an example of the principles
described herein. The container (100) may be equipped with an
opening (102) capable of dispensing the analgesic cleansing
composition (104). The opening (102) may dispense the analgesic
cleansing composition (104) by a plunger type mechanism (106), or
another appropriate dispenser. The opening (102) may dispense the
analgesic cleansing composition (104) onto an area of the skin. For
example, the opening (102) may dispense the analgesic cleansing
composition (104) onto a hand (108) of a user. The container (100)
shown in FIG. 1 is exemplary and does not represent all types of
dispensers or shapes of containers which may be used to dispense
the analgesic cleansing composition (104). Another type of
dispensing container (100) may include a simple opening allowing
for the dispensing of the analgesic cleansing composition (104),
which container (100) may have a cap.
[0096] The liquid analgesic cleansing composition (104) according
to the present specification may be either a wash-off analgesic
cleansing composition according to the principles described herein,
or may be a leave-on analgesic cleansing composition, according to
the principles described herein. The liquid analgesic cleansing
composition (104) according to the present specification may also
include a cosmetically suitable carrier.
[0097] Cosmetically suitable carriers may be any liquid that is
suitable for cosmetic use which may be able to dissolve or disperse
the at least one surfactant, the at least one analgesic compound,
and any optional additives that may be included in the liquid
analgesic cleansing composition (104) according to the present
specification. Non-limiting examples of cosmetically suitable
carriers which may be suitable for use in compositions according to
the present specification include aqueous carriers, alcoholic
carriers, and aqueous-alcoholic carriers. For example, the
cosmetically suitable carrier could be water. In another example,
the cosmetically suitable carrier could be ethanol. In yet another
example, the cosmetically suitable carrier could be isopropanol. In
another example, the cosmetically suitable carrier could be a
mixture of water and ethanol. In a further example, the
cosmetically suitable carrier could include glycerin.
[0098] Previous preparations of liquid cleansing compositions have
not included analgesic compounds for a number of reasons, which may
include that the desire of an individual to simultaneously cleanse
their skin and relieve muscle pain had not been previously
identified, as well as possible formulation difficulties associated
with incorporating analgesic compounds into liquid cleansing
compositions while also retaining the efficacy of the analgesic
compounds.
[0099] The present specification is also directed to a leave-on
analgesic cleansing composition. Such a leave-on analgesic
cleansing composition may include a cosmetically suitable carrier,
at least one surfactant, and at least one analgesic compound.
[0100] A leave-on analgesic cleansing composition according to the
present specification may contain a cosmetically suitable carrier,
as defined above, in concentrations ranging from 40% to 99% by
weight. For example, a leave-on analgesic cleansing composition
according to the present specification may contain a concentration
of a cosmetically suitable carrier in the range of 50% to 90% by
weight. In another example, the concentration of the cosmetically
suitable carrier in a leave-on analgesic cleansing composition
according to the present specification may be in the range of 60%
to 85% by weight. A still further example may provide a
concentration of the cosmetically suitable carrier in a leave-on
analgesic cleansing composition according to the present
specification in the range of 65% to 75% by weight. In each case,
the percent of the composition by weight that is provided by the
cosmetically suitable carrier is relative to the weight of the
total composition.
[0101] A leave-on analgesic cleansing composition according to the
present specification may contain at least one surfactant, as
defined above, in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 50% by
weight. For example, a leave-on analgesic cleansing composition
according to the present specification may contain a concentration
of between 1% and 30% by weight of at least one surfactant. In
another example, a leave-on analgesic cleansing composition
according to the present specification may contain a concentration
of between 4% and 20% by weight of at least one surfactant. In a
still further example, a leave-on analgesic cleansing composition
according to the present specification may contain a concentration
of between 5% and 15% by weight of at least one surfactant. In each
case, the percent of the composition by weight that is provided by
the at least one surfactant is relative to the weight of the total
composition.
[0102] A leave-on analgesic cleansing composition according to the
present specification may contain at least one of analgesic
compound, as defined above, in concentrations ranging from 0.01% to
30% by weight. For example, a leave-on analgesic cleansing
composition according to the present specification may contain a
concentration of between 0.1% and 25% by weight of at least one
analgesic compound. In another example, a leave-on analgesic
cleansing composition according to the present specification may
contain a concentration of between 0.5% and 10% by weight of at
least one analgesic compound. In yet another example, a leave-on
analgesic cleansing composition according to the present
specification may contain a concentration of between 0.1% and 5% by
weight of at least one analgesic compound.
[0103] A leave-on analgesic cleansing composition according to the
present specification may also contain a number of additives, which
may be chosen from a natural polymer, a synthetic polymer, a
semi-synthetic polymer, an antibacterial agent, a fragrance, a
humectant, a dye, a pigment, an exfoliant, a conditioning agent, a
plant extract, plant matter, an essential oil, an oil, a silicone
oil, a wax, a silicone wax, a chelator, a vitamin, an alkali metal
halide, and combinations thereof, each of which may be as described
above.
[0104] If the leave-on analgesic cleansing composition contains at
least one antibacterial agent as an optional additive, the
concentration of the at least one antibacterial agent in a leave-on
analgesic cleansing composition according to the present
specification may depend on the choice of the antibacterial agent.
For example, if the at least one antibacterial agent is chosen to
not include ethanol or isopropanol, then the concentration of the
at least one antibacterial agent in a leave-on analgesic cleansing
composition according to the present specification may be in the
range of 0.0001% to 10% by weight, such as, for example a
concentration ranging from 0.001% to 8% by weight. In another
example, a leave-on analgesic cleansing composition according to
the present specification may contain a concentration of from 0.01%
to 5% by weight of at least one antibacterial agent. A still
further example may contain a concentration of at least one
antibacterial agent other than ethanol and isopropanol in a
leave-on analgesic cleansing composition according to the present
specification in the range of 0.1% to 1% by weight. In each case,
the concentration by weight is relative to the total weight of the
composition.
[0105] If the leave-on analgesic cleansing composition includes
ethanol or isopropanol as at least one antibacterial agent, a
concentration of at least 50% by weight may be used. For example, a
leave-on analgesic cleansing composition according to the present
specification which contains ethanol or isopropanol as one of the
at least one antibacterial agent may contain a concentration of at
least 60% by weight of the at least one antibacterial agent.
Another example may contain ethanol or isopropanol as one of the at
least one antibacterial agent at a concentration of at least 70% by
weight, such as, for example, a concentration of at least 75% by
weight. In each case, the concentration by weight is relative to
the total weight of the composition.
[0106] Additionally, if the leave-on analgesic cleansing
composition includes ethanol or isopropanol as at least one of the
optional at least one antibacterial agent, then the ethanol or
isopropanol may also optionally provide the cosmetically suitable
carrier.
[0107] The present specification is also directed to a method of
making an analgesic cleansing composition. FIG. 2 provides a
flowchart of a method (200) of making an analgesic cleansing
composition according to an example of the principles described
herein. Such an analgesic cleansing composition may be a leave-on
analgesic cleansing composition.
[0108] The method (200) involves the combination (201) of at least
one anionic surfactant with an analgesic composition to create a
mixture. The at least one anionic surfactant may be prepared
separately prior to admixture with the analgesic cleansing
composition. The at least one anionic surfactant may be in the form
of a solid or a liquid prior to admixture with the analgesic
composition.
[0109] The analgesic composition may be a cleansing composition
which contains at least one analgesic compound. Such an analgesic
composition may contain at least one topical analgesic compound, as
defined above. For example, an analgesic composition may include
methyl salicylate as the at least one analgesic compound according
to the methods described herein. The analgesic composition may be
either solid or a liquid prior to admixture with the at least one
anionic surfactant.
[0110] The analgesic composition may include additional components,
such as a cosmetically suitable carrier, an antibacterial agent, a
deposition aid, a natural polymer, a synthetic polymer, a
semi-synthetic polymer, a fragrance, a humectant, a dye, a pigment,
an exfoliant, a conditioning agent, a plant extract, plant matter,
an essential oil, an oil, a wax, a silicone oil, a silicone wax, a
chelator, a vitamin, an alkali metal halide, and combinations
thereof. Such additional components may also be incorporated into
the analgesic cleansing composition (which may be an analgesic soap
composition) separately from the analgesic composition, or may be
omitted entirely.
[0111] If the analgesic cleansing composition also includes an
encapsulating deposition aid, the preparation of the analgesic
composition may also include an encapsulation operation. Such an
encapsulation operation may be accomplished by a number of chemical
reactions which, when taken together, serve to assemble a capsule
or an ensemble of capsules around the at least one analgesic
compound. In some examples, the encapsulation operation
encapsulates a fraction of the at least one analgesic compounds,
leaving some portion of the at least one analgesic compound not
encapsulated. For example, the encapsulation operation may
encapsulate from 10% to 100% by weight of the at least one
analgesic compound, relative to the total weight of the at least
one analgesic compound. In another example, the encapsulation
operation may encapsulate from 20% to 90% by weight of the at least
one analgesic compound, relative to the total weight of the at
least one analgesic compound. In a still further example, the
encapsulation operation may encapsulate from 30% to 60% by weight
of the at least one analgesic compound, relative to the total
weight of the at least one analgesic compound.
[0112] Following the encapsulation operation, the analgesic
composition may be prepared by mixture of at least one analgesic
compound, which may optionally be encapsulated, with any other
additives which may be part of the analgesic composition.
[0113] The analgesic cleansing composition is then mixed (201) with
the at least one anionic surfactant composition to prepare a
mixture. The mixture may be prepared either before or after the
separate addition of any additives.
[0114] Additionally, the method may also include a mixing operation
(202). Such a mixing operation may make homogenous the mixture of
the at least one anionic surfactant and the analgesic composition
to generate the analgesic cleansing composition, which may be a
leave-on cleansing composition, such as the liquid form (104) of an
example of a composition according to the present specification.
The mixing operation may be performed either before or after the
separate addition of any additives.
[0115] The method may also include additional operations not
diagramed in FIG. 2, such as the extrusion of the homogenous
mixture from a plodder, cutting of the extruded mixture into slugs,
and pressing the slugs in a soap press, and other operations such
as the application of heat to assist mixing to homogeneity. Other
methods may also be used to produce a composition according to the
invention.
[0116] The analgesic cleansing composition produced by the above
method (200), which may be an analgesic cleansing composition, may
contain a sufficient amount of a topical analgesic compound to
provide analgesia after contact with skin. Such a sufficient amount
may be dependent on the choice of the at least one analgesic
compound, and may be determined experimentally.
[0117] In one example, a sufficient amount of the at least one
analgesic compound may be achieved by including the at least one
analgesic compound in an analgesic cleansing composition at a
concentration of from 0.01% to 30% by weight. In another example, a
sufficient amount of the at least one analgesic compound may be
achieved by including the at least one analgesic compound in an
analgesic cleansing composition at a concentration of from 0.1% to
25% by weight. In a still further example, a sufficient amount of
the at least one analgesic compound may be achieved by including
the at least one analgesic compound in an analgesic cleansing
composition at a concentration of from 0.5% to 5% by weight. In
each case, the concentrations by weight are relative to the total
weight of the composition.
[0118] The present specification is also directed to a method (300)
of using an analgesic cleansing composition to relieve muscle pain.
FIG. 3 provides a flowchart of a method (300) for using an
analgesic cleansing composition (104) according to an example of
the principles described herein. Such an analgesic cleansing
composition may be a wash-off or a leave-on analgesic cleansing
composition.
[0119] The method (300) of using the analgesic cleansing
composition according to the present specification may include
applying (301) the analgesic cleansing composition to the skin.
Such an analgesic cleansing composition may be a wash-off or a
leave-on cleansing composition, and may include, in a cosmetically
suitable carrier, at least one surfactant and at least one
analgesic compound. The at least one analgesic compound may be
encapsulated or unencapsulated. The analgesic cleansing composition
may include additional additive ingredients selected from an
antibacterial agent, a deposition aid, a natural polymer, a
synthetic polymer, a semi-synthetic polymer, a fragrance, a
humectant, a dye, a pigment, an exfoliant, a conditioning agent, a
plant extract, plant matter, an essential oil, an oil, a wax, a
silicone oil, a silicone wax, a chelator, a vitamin, an alkali
metal halide, and combinations thereof.
[0120] If the analgesic cleansing composition being used is a
leave-on analgesic cleansing composition, then the analgesic
cleansing composition may be allowed (302) to act on the skin for a
duration of from 5 seconds to 10 minutes, for example from 10
seconds to 5 minutes, or from 30 seconds to 2 minutes. For a
leave-on cleansing composition, the action of the cleansing
composition on the skin may be considered to end when the
cosmetically suitable carrier has evaporated, although the
analgesia may persist beyond the evaporation of the cosmetically
suitable carrier.
[0121] If the analgesic cleansing composition being used is a
wash-off analgesic cleansing composition, then the analgesic
cleansing composition may be allowed (302) to act on the skin for a
duration of from 5 seconds to 10 minutes, for example from 10
seconds to 5 minutes, or from 30 seconds to 2 minutes. After the
analgesic composition is allowed to act on the skin, the analgesic
cleansing composition is rinsed from the skin with water.
EXAMPLES
[0122] The examples that follow indicate analgesic cleansing
compositions that may be prepared in accordance with the present
specification. Unless otherwise indicated, the stated quantities
are percentages by weight.
Example 1
Analgesic Soap Bar Composition
TABLE-US-00001 [0123] TABLE (I) Formulation Example 1 Wt. % Sodium
Soap(s) 65-91 Additional Surfactant(s) 0-5 Analgesic Compound(s)
0.5-5.sup. Chelating Agent(s) 0.01-1 Alkali Metal Halide(s) 0-2
Humectant(s) 1-5 Glycerin 3-20 Perfume 0-2 Water 5-20
Example 2
Analgesic Wash-Off Liquid Cleansing Composition
TABLE-US-00002 [0124] TABLE (II) Formulation Example 2 Wt. % Methyl
Salicylate 0.5-10 Anionic Surfactant(s) 4-10 Nonionic Surfactant(s)
0-5 Zwitterionic Surfactant(s) 0-10 Polymeric Thickener 0.5-5.sup.
Preservative(s) 0.2-2.sup. Exfoliant(s) 0-5 Water q.s. 100
Example 3
Analgesic Leave-on Liquid Cleansing Composition (Aqueous)
TABLE-US-00003 [0125] TABLE (III) Formulation Example 3 Wt. %
Anionic Surfactant(s) 0.1-5.sup. Antibacterial Agent(s) 0-5
Deposition Aid(s) 0.01-5 Analgesic Compound(s) 0.5-10 Conditioning
Agent(s) 0-2 Water q.s. 100
Example 4
Analgesic Leave-on Liquid Cleansing Composition (Alcoholic)
TABLE-US-00004 [0126] TABLE (IV) Formulation Example 4 Wt. %
Anionic Surfactant(s) 0.1-5 Deposition Aid(s) 0-5 Analgesic
Compound(s) 0.5-10 Ethanol, 95% q.s. 100
[0127] While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented
in the foregoing detailed description of the invention, it should
be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should
also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary
embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the
scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way.
Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those
skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing an
exemplary embodiment of the invention, it being understood that
various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of
elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing
from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims
and their legal equivalents.
* * * * *