U.S. patent application number 15/059357 was filed with the patent office on 2016-06-30 for expanding surgical access port.
The applicant listed for this patent is Covidien LP. Invention is credited to Gregory Okoniewski.
Application Number | 20160183971 15/059357 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45524362 |
Filed Date | 2016-06-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160183971 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Okoniewski; Gregory |
June 30, 2016 |
EXPANDING SURGICAL ACCESS PORT
Abstract
A surgical access port that includes a cylindrical member having
a proximal end and a distal end and defining a longitudinal axis;
at least two lumen extending through the cylindrical member along
the longitudinal axis; at least one cavity defined in the
cylindrical member and positioned radially within the at least two
lumen; and a source of inflation fluid coupled to the at least one
cavity, the source of inflation configured to permit selectable
inflation of the at least one cavity, whereby inflation of the at
least one cavity increases the radial distance between the at least
two lumen.
Inventors: |
Okoniewski; Gregory; (North
Haven, CT) |
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Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Covidien LP |
Mansfield |
MA |
US |
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|
Family ID: |
45524362 |
Appl. No.: |
15/059357 |
Filed: |
March 3, 2016 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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14517971 |
Oct 20, 2014 |
9308021 |
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15059357 |
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13343813 |
Jan 5, 2012 |
8888691 |
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14517971 |
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61435442 |
Jan 24, 2011 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
600/204 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 17/3431 20130101;
A61B 17/3462 20130101; A61B 2017/00539 20130101; A61B 17/3423
20130101; A61B 2017/3429 20130101; A61B 2017/3445 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61B 17/34 20060101
A61B017/34 |
Claims
1. (canceled)
2. A surgical access port comprising: a cylindrical member having a
proximal end and a distal end, the cylindrical member defining a
longitudinal axis; a first lumen extending through the cylindrical
member between the proximal and distal ends; an internal cavity
defined along a length of the cylindrical member, the internal
cavity enclosed by the proximal and distal ends of the cylindrical
member, the internal cavity selectively inflatable, wherein the
first lumen is disposed radially outward of at least a portion of
the internal cavity with respect to the longitudinal axis.
3. The surgical access port according to claim 2, wherein the
internal cavity is selectively inflatable to cause radial
displacement of the first lumen.
4. The surgical access port according to claim 2, wherein the
cylindrical member further defines a second lumen extending between
the proximal and distal ends of the cylindrical member, the second
lumen disposed radially outward of at least a portion of the
internal cavity with respect to the longitudinal axis.
5. The surgical access port according to claim 4, wherein the first
and second lumens diametrically oppose each other.
6. The surgical access port according to claim 4, wherein the
internal cavity is transitionable between a first state in which
the first and second lumens define a first distance therebetween,
and a second state in which the first and second lumens are
displaced to define a second distance greater than the first
distance.
7. The surgical access port according to claim 2, wherein the
internal cavity is symmetric about the longitudinal axis of the
cylindrical member.
8. The surgical access port according to claim 2, further
comprising a source of inflation fluid in communication with the
internal cavity to provide selective inflation of the internal
cavity.
9. The surgical access port according to claim 2, wherein the first
lumen is configured to receive a surgical instrument in a sealing
relation therewith.
10. The surgical access port according to claim 2, wherein the
internal cavity includes a cross-section having a generally
X-shape.
11. A surgical access port comprising: a cylindrical member having
a proximal end and a distal end, the cylindrical member defining a
longitudinal axis; a first lumen extending through the cylindrical
member between the proximal and distal ends; a plurality of
internal cavities arranged about the longitudinal axis of the
cylindrical member, the plurality of internal cavities enclosed by
the proximal and distal ends of the cylindrical member, wherein at
least one internal cavity of the plurality of internal cavities is
selectively inflatable to cause radial displacement of the first
lumen.
12. The surgical access port according to claim 11, wherein each
internal cavity of the plurality of internal cavities is separate
from each other.
13. The surgical access port according to claim 11, wherein the
plurality of internal cavities are symmetrically arranged about the
longitudinal axis.
14. The surgical access port according to claim 11, wherein the
cylindrical member further defines a plurality of lumens extending
between the proximal and distal ends of the cylindrical member, at
least two lumens of the plurality of lumens diametrically oppose
each other.
15. The surgical access port according to claim 14, wherein the
internal cavity is transitionable between a first state in which
the at least two lumens of the plurality of lumens define a first
distance therebetween, and a second state in which the at least two
lumens of the plurality of lumens are displaced to define a second
distance greater than the first distance.
16. The surgical access port according to claim 11, further
comprising a source of inflation fluid in communication with the
plurality of internal cavity to provide selective inflation of the
internal cavity.
17. The surgical access port according to claim 11, wherein the
first lumen is configured to receive a surgical instrument in a
sealing relation therewith.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 14/517,971 filed Oct. 20, 2014, which is a
divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/343,813 filed
Jan. 5, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,888,691, which claims benefit of
and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/435,442 filed
Jan. 24, 2011, and the disclosures of each of the above-identified
applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their
entirety.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The present disclosure relates to an access port for use in
minimally invasive surgical procedures, such as endoscopic or
laparoscopic-type procedures, and more particularly to an expanding
surgical access port for use in minimally invasive procedures.
[0004] 2. Background of Related Art
[0005] Today, many surgical procedures are performed through small
incisions in the skin, as compared to the larger incisions
typically required in traditional procedures, in an effort to
reduce both trauma to the patient and recovery time. Generally,
such procedures are referred to as "endoscopic", unless performed
on the patient's abdomen, in which case the procedure is referred
to as "laparoscopic". Throughout the present disclosure, the term
"minimally invasive" should be understood to encompass both
endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures. During a typical minimally
invasive procedure, surgical objects, such as surgical access ports
(e.g., trocar and/or cannula assemblies), endoscopes, or other
instruments, are inserted into the patient's body through the
incision in tissue. Prior to the introduction of the surgical
object into the patient' body, insufflation gasses may be used to
enlarge the area surrounding the target surgical site to create a
larger, more accessible work area. Accordingly, the maintenance of
a substantially fluid-tight seal is desirable so as to prevent the
escape of the insufflation gases and the deflation or collapse of
the enlarged surgical site.
[0006] To this end, various access members are used during the
course of minimally invasive procedures and are widely known in the
art. A continuing need exists for an access member of a universal
size that can be inserted into a variety of tissue incision sites
and expands to fit such a variety of larger tissue incision sites.
It is desirable to accommodate a variety of tissue incisions, and
adapt to changing conditions at the surgery site.
SUMMARY
[0007] In accordance with various embodiments, the present
disclosure is directed toward a surgical access port having at
least one internal inflation cavity. The internal inflation cavity
is capable of receiving and retaining fluid such that the internal
inflation cavity, and thus the size of the surgical access port as
a whole, increases under supplied inflation fluid. This increase is
desirable to cause a more substantial seal between the surgical
access port walls and the incision site, thereby maintaining the
insufflated workspace. The surgical access port may additionally be
capable of both radial and axial expansion under supplied inflation
fluid.
[0008] The inflation cavity is internal to a cylindrical body that
generally has an hourglass shape, defines a longitudinal axis, and
is coupled to a source of inflation fluid. In use, the operator of
the surgical access port supplies inflation fluid from the source
of inflation fluid, and the internal inflation cavity, and
consequently, the body of the surgical access port expands in
response to the supplied fluid. The driving force of the inflation
fluid may be provided by a pump, reservoir, or any other suitable
pressure-generating device. The internal inflation cavity is
coupled to the source of inflation fluid through the use of an
inflation coupling that provides a substantially fluid-tight seal
between the internal inflation cavity and the source of inflation
fluid.
[0009] The cylindrical body is formed of a material capable of both
expansion and contraction. In embodiments, this material may be
foam, or any other biocompatible material that is flexible in both
radial and axial directions, yet resilient enough to resist
deformation under the stress of the walls of an incision site. The
cylindrical body has a proximal and a distal end, both
substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
[0010] Disposed within, and extending through the cylindrical body
along the longitudinal axis, is at least one lumen. The lumen
provides a path from the proximal end of the surgical access port,
through the cylindrical body, to the distal end of the surgical
access port. The lumen or lumens may also change relative
positioning with each other and other components of the surgical
access port in response to expansion from supplied inflation fluid.
Specifically, the lateral spacing between lumens with respect to
the longitudinal axis will change in response to expansion of the
surgical access port under supplied inflation fluid. By virtue of
the flexible and compressible nature of the cylindrical body, lumen
diameter may be reduced as a result of the expansion of the
cylindrical body, and a tighter seal may form about an instrument
disposed within a lumen. Additionally, the lumens may alter their
path in response to deflection of an inserted instrument relative
to the longitudinal axis.
[0011] Also provided is a method for accessing an internal body
cavity. The method includes the steps of positioning the surgical
access port in an internal body cavity, expanding the surgical
access port to a desired size with fluid from the source of
inflation fluid, and accessing the internal body cavity via the
surgical access port. The surgical access port allows the passage
of surgical tools and other devices into the body cavity. Removal
of the device involves contracting the surgical access port such
that it decreases in size so to allow generally unobstructed
removal from an incision site.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a surgical access port
containing four lumens, a central internal inflation cavity, and an
inflation coupling;
[0013] FIG. 2 is top plan cross-sectional view along the line 2-2
of the surgical access port of FIG. 1, showing four lumens, a
central internal inflation cavity, and a first state diameter;
[0014] FIG. 3 is a top perspective view of the surgical access port
shown in FIG. 1, in a first state and inserted into tissue through
an incision site, having an inflation coupling and two surgical
instruments disposed within two of the lumens;
[0015] FIG. 4 is a side view of the surgical access port of FIG. 1,
as shown in FIG. 3 with two instruments disposed therethrough;
[0016] FIG. 5 is a top plan cross-sectional view along the line 2-2
of the surgical access port as shown in FIG. 2, in a second state
and showing a corresponding second state diameter;
[0017] FIG. 6 is a side view of the surgical access port shown in
FIG. 5 in an expanded second state and showing a corresponding
increase in lumen spacing; and
[0018] FIG. 7 is a top plan cross-sectional view of a surgical
access port having four lumens and four separate internal inflation
cavities in a first state.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0019] The present disclosure will now describe in detail
embodiments of a surgical access port with reference to the
drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or
substantially similar parts in each view. Throughout the
description, the term "proximal" will refer to the portion of the
assembly closest to the operator, whereas the term "distal" will
refer to the portion of the assembly farthest from the operator.
Although discussed in terms of an incision for a minimally invasive
procedure, the presently disclosed surgical access port may be used
in any naturally occurring orifice (e.g. mouth, anus, or
vagina).
[0020] Referring initially to FIG. 1, a surgical access port 100 is
shown. The surgical access port 100 includes a cylindrical member
110 having a generally hourglass shape, a proximal end 140a and a
distal end 140b, and defining a longitudinal axis A1. The proximal
end 140a and the distal end 140b are substantially perpendicular to
the longitudinal axis A1 and are each surrounded by an outer rim
150a and 150b, respectively. Extending through the cylindrical
member 110 along the longitudinal axis A1 is at least one lumen
120, and in embodiments, a plurality of lumens 120. An example of
an access port is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication
No. 2010/0240960 A1, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated
by reference herein.
[0021] Also within the cylindrical member 110, separate from the
lumens 120, is an internal inflation cavity 130. The internal
inflation cavity 130 may be symmetrical and centrally disposed as
shown here, but in embodiments, may be of shape, plurality, and
placement so as to maximize its effect on the surrounding lumens
120. In embodiments, internal inflation cavity 130 may be of a
generally "X" shape, with rounded edges. The internal inflation
cavity 130 extends from some distance along the longitudinal axis
A1 from the proximal end 140a of the cylindrical member 110, and
terminates at some distance along the longitudinal axis A1 before
the distal end 140b of the cylindrical member 110.
[0022] Coupled to the internal inflation cavity 130 is an inflation
coupling 160, which may be in the form of a tube or a port
configured to be attached to the source of inflation fluid 170. The
inflation coupling 160 is coupled on its distal end to the internal
inflation cavity 130, and on its proximal end to a source of
inflation fluid 170. The internal inflation cavity 130 will be
capable of retaining the inflation fluid. To this end, the internal
inflation cavity 130 or the inflation coupling 160 may incorporate
a structure to control the flow of inflation fluid to the internal
inflation cavity. This structure may be a ball valve or other
suitable flow control. Additionally, the inflation coupling 160 may
contain a structure to contribute to maintaining a substantially
fluid-tight seal with the surgical access port 100. Such structure
may be a press-fit member, bayonet-type, or threaded
configuration.
[0023] The source of inflation fluid 170 may be any source capable
of supplying the inflation fluid to the internal inflation cavity
160. Such a capable source may be a syringe, pump, or reservoir.
The source of inflation fluid 170 will supply inflation fluid that
is biocompatible and suitable for surgical procedures, such as
CO.sub.2, air, or saline.
[0024] In embodiments, a surgical access port 100 may also include
a port for the communication of insufflation fluid to an internal
body cavity 220 (see FIG. 4). Alternatively, one of the lumens 120
may communicate the insufflation fluid to the internal body cavity
220.
[0025] Turning to FIG. 2, the surgical access port 100 is shown in
cross section along section line 2-2. In this view, each of the
lumens 120 can be seen disposed radially about the internal
inflation cavity 130. The lumens 120 are placed such that an
expansion of the inflation cavity 130 will cause a shifting in the
relative placement of the lumens 120. Such a shifting may allow
greater dexterity and range in performing a surgical procedure with
instruments 210 (see FIG. 3) disposed within the lumens 120. When
the inflation cavity 130 is not inflated, as shown here, a first
state is defined. In a first state, the inflation cavity 130 has an
internal pressure that is essentially equalized with that of the
surrounding environment. A first state diameter D1 is associated
with the first state, measured transverse to the longitudinal axis
A1.
[0026] Referring to FIG. 3, the surgical access port 100 is shown
in top perspective view inserted into tissue 180 through an
incision site 190. The proximal end 140a of the cylindrical member
110 can be seen extending through the surface of the tissue 180. In
this arrangement, surgical instruments 210 can be inserted into
lumens 120, and can be seen extending therethrough as shown in
phantom view. Also shown in phantom view is the internal inflation
cavity 130. Extending through the top of the proximal end 140a of
cylindrical member 110 is inflation coupling 160. Thus, the
surgical access port 100 in FIG. 3 is shown in a first, unexpanded,
state.
[0027] Turning to FIG. 4, a side view of the surgical access port
of 100 is shown. In this view, the surgical instruments 210 can be
seen extending completely through the lumens 120 (shown in phantom
view). Also shown is a relative spacing measurement X1, measured
transverse to the longitudinal axis A1 between the centers of
lumens 120, while the surgical access port 100 is in a first,
unexpanded, state.
[0028] In use, the operator of the surgical access port 100 will
first place the surgical access port 100 in an incision site 190
such that the surgical access port is disposed within a layer of
tissue 180, as shown in FIG. 3. The operator of the surgical access
port 100 will then couple the inflation coupling 160 to the source
of inflation fluid 170, allowing the internal inflation cavity 130
to expand when fluid is introduced to the internal inflation cavity
130. The source of inflation fluid 170 supplies pressurized fluid
to expand the internal inflation cavity 130. This may be
accomplished by pumps or reservoirs, or any other suitable
pressure-generating apparatus. The operator of the surgical access
port 100 will allow the internal inflation cavity 130 to expand
such that the walls of the cylindrical member 110 expand to fill
the space between the cylindrical member 110 and the walls of the
incision site 190, until a substantially fluid-tight seal is formed
between the walls of the cylindrical member 110 and the walls of
the incision site 190. The surgical access port 100 is then ready
for surgical instruments and tools 210 to be inserted therethrough
for use in minimally invasive surgical procedures.
[0029] Referring now to FIG. 5, a cross-sectional view along the
line 2-2 as shown in FIG. 2 is shown, now with the surgical access
port 100 in an expanded, second state. Here, the second state
diameter D2 is shown, clearly different than first state diameter
D1. It is also shown that internal inflation cavity 130 has
expanded and cylindrical member 110 has expanded in response.
[0030] Turning to FIG. 6, the surgical access port 100 is in an
expanded second state. The relative spacing measurement X2,
measured transverse to the longitudinal axis between the centers of
lumens 120 (shown in phantom view) is clearly different than the
relative spacing measurement of the first state, X1. As a result,
the lumens 120 enjoy greater relative spacing and greater freedom
of movement. This greater spacing may also provide access to point
in an internal body cavity 220 that may have been accessible by the
surgical instruments 210 while the surgical access port 100 was in
the first state. Additionally, the forces exerted by the expanded
surgical access port 100 may also serve to retract tissue outward
from an incision site 190. Further, the compressible nature of the
cylindrical member 110 may cause the lumens 120 to form a tighter
seal about surgical instruments 210 disposed therethrough in the
second state.
[0031] In order to remove the device, the operator of the surgical
access port 100 will uncouple the source of inflation fluid 170
from the inflation coupling 160. Surgical instruments and tools 210
will then be removed from the lumens 120, and inflation fluid will
be released from the internal inflation cavity 130. This latter
step may include opening a plug, seal, or other port in order to
release pressurized inflation fluid. The surgical access port 100
will then transition from a second state to a first state, with a
corresponding decrease in diameter, measured transverse to the
longitudinal axis A1. The surgical access port can then be easily
removed from an incision site 180.
[0032] Referring to FIG. 7, a surgical access port 200 is shown in
a first state, with four lumens 120 spaced evenly about the
longitudinal axis A1, as well as four separate inflation cavities
230, shown here evenly spaced about the longitudinal axis A1.
Separate internal inflation cavities 230 may function to maximize
spacing between lumens 120 upon transition of the surgical access
port 200 from a first state to a second state.
[0033] It is additionally contemplated that the surgical access
port may be coated with any number of medicating substances or
materials to facilitate healing, or to make the use of the surgical
access port during surgery more effective.
[0034] It will be understood that various modifications may be made
to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the above
description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as
exemplifications of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will
envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the
present disclosure.
* * * * *